Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Fibrosi ariale »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Fibrosi ariale"
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Cottin, Vincent, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Andreas Günther, Liam Galvin, Michael Kreuter, Pippa Powell, Antje Prasse et al. « The Ariane-IPF ERS Clinical Research Collaboration : seeking collaboration through launch of a federation of European registries on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ». European Respiratory Journal 53, no 5 (mai 2019) : 1900539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00539-2019.
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De Lorenzis, E., V. Kakkar, R. Ross, S. DI Donato, T. Barnes, B. Saleem, A. Herrick et al. « POS0876 SERUM INTERFERON SCORE PREDICTS SEVERITY OF PATIENT REPORTED HAND DISABILITY IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS ». Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (23 mai 2022) : 733–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2270.
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BackgroundHand involvement is a major cause of disability in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. Loss of hand function is the result of a complex and overlapping series of manifestations including Raynaud’s, cutaneous ulcerations as well as skin fibrosis, joint inflammation, and contractures. The natural history of hand involvement in SSc and potential biomarkers to predict its outcome are still poorly defined. Type 1 Interferon (IFN) activation has been extensively correlated with skin fibrosis, joint disease activity, vascular manifestations, and poor prognosis in SSc patients.ObjectivesTo characterize hand disability burden in SSc and explore its relationship with IFN activation in a national, multicenter, longitudinal, observational cohort of patients with SSc.MethodsThe Cochin Hand Function Scale (CHFS) was assessed in consecutively enrolled SSc patients at baseline and after 12 months. CHFS values above the patient acceptable symptom state (PASS)(CHFS>25)1 were considered as clinically meaningful hand impairment (CMHI). Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in CHFS for improvement (reduction of 13.1%) and worsening (increase >24.6%) were assessed in longitudinal analysis. Serum IFN score was evaluated as previously described2.ResultsA total of 397 SSc patients from 10 centers (female 85.3%, aged 54.9±11.5 years, white Caucasian 88.2%) were available for longitudinal (12m) analysis. The median disease duration was 9 (IQR 3-16) years, 37.1% of patients had a diffuse cutaneous variant, while anticentromere (ACA) and anti-Scl70 antibody positivity was reported in 41.2% and 33.5% of cases, respectively. Hand digital ulcers, forearm-hand-finger skin score ≥6, and tenosynovitis/arthritis were clinically reported in 24.0%, 15.3%, and 17.9% of patients, respectively. 37.3% of patients reported a CHFS > PASS at baseline. CMHI was associated with male gender (p<.001), diffuse cutaneous variant (p<.001), anti Scl70 positivity (p<.001), ACA negativity (p=.002), and digital ulcers (p=.001). Patients with CMHI had greater serum IFN score than patients with CHFS < PASS (p=.002). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, high serum IFN score remained associated with CHFS>PASS when adjusted for male gender, ACA positivity, anti-Scl70 positive, diffuse subset, and current digital ulcers (OR 2.67, p=.005). Over the 12-month follow-up, vasoactive and immunosuppressive treatment were escalated or introduced in 7.2 and 7.8% of patients, respectively. Median CHFS worsened over time (from 18 (IQR 5-37) to 21 (IQR 6-37), p=.002)) with 32.5% of patients having a clinically meaningful worsening and 32.0% improving their hand function. Functional hand worsening was associated with lower baseline CHFS (p=.001) and ACA negativity (p=.002), while improving with female gender (p=.047), limited cutaneous subset (p=.029), higher baseline CHFS (p=.001), and active baseline tenosynovitis (p=.014).ConclusionOne third of the patients within our cohort complain of a significant hand impairment. This is associated with higher IFN activation and worsens at group level in patients despite standard of care treatment.References[1]Daste C et al. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2019;48(4):694-700. [2] Hinchcliff M et al. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021; 73 (suppl 10).Disclosure of InterestsEnrico De Lorenzis: None declared, Vishal Kakkar: None declared, rebecca ross: None declared, Stefano Di Donato: None declared, Theresa Barnes: None declared, Benazir Saleem: None declared, Ariane Herrick: None declared, Muhammad Nisar: None declared, Catherine Morley: None declared, Karen Douglas: None declared, Christopher P Denton: None declared, Emma Derrett-Smith: None declared, Philip Helliwell Consultant of: PH received consulting fees (Eli Lilly) and fees for educational services (Abbvie, Amgen, Novartis, Janssen), Grant/research support from: PH received consulting fees (Eli Lilly) and fees for educational services (Abbvie, Amgen, Novartis, Janssen), Francesco Del Galdo Consultant of: FDG has received research support and personal fees, not directly related to the content of this study, fromAbbvie, AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Capella Biosciences, Chemomab LTD, Janssen, Kymab LTD, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Grant/research support from: FDG has received research support and personal fees, not directly related to the content of this study, fromAbbvie, AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Capella Biosciences, Chemomab LTD, Janssen, Kymab LTD, Mitsubishi-Tanabe
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Volkmann, E., S. Vettori, J. Varga, A. Herrick, M. Cutolo, A. Cordeiro, V. F. Azevedo et al. « SAT0345 IS THERE A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE SEXES IN THE RATE OF PROGRESSION OF SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS-ASSOCIATED ILD (SSC-ILD) ? DATA FROM THE SENSCIS TRIAL ». Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (juin 2020) : 1118–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2907.
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Background:Previous studies suggested that male sex may be associated with a greater rate of decline in FVC in patients with SSc-ILD. In the SENSCIS trial, nintedanib reduced the rate of FVC decline over 52 weeks vs placebo.Objectives:Analyse the rate of decline in FVC and the efficacy and safety of nintedanib in the SENSCIS trial in subgroups by sex.Methods:Patients with SSc-ILD with first non-Raynaud symptom <7 years before screening and ≥10% fibrosis of the lungs on HRCT were randomised to nintedanib or placebo. We analysed the rate of decline in FVC (mL/year) and adverse events over 52 weeks in male and female patients.Results:Of 576 patients, 433 (75.2%) were female. Compared with males, the female subgroup included a smaller proportion of White patients (64.7% vs 74.8%), a smaller proportion on mycophenolate at baseline (46.9% vs 53.1%), a greater proportion of ATA positive patients (63.3% vs 53.1%), and had a lower mean weight at baseline (66.6 vs 79.1 kg). FVC % predicted (72.8% vs 71.7%) and mRSS (11.2 vs 10.8) were similar in females and males. The adjusted annual rate of decline in FVC in the placebo group was numerically greater in male than female patients (-126.8 [SE 29.0] vs -82.0 [16.2] mL/year). The estimated effect of nintedanib vs placebo on reducing the rate of decline in FVC was numerically more pronounced in males than females (difference: 58.6 [95% CI -18.0, 135.1] vs 34.6 [-9.3, 78.4] mL/year), but the interaction p-value did not indicate heterogeneity in the treatment effect between subgroups (p=0.59). Among nintedanib-treated patients, diarrhoea was reported in similar proportions of females and males (74.7% vs 79.1%); nausea, vomiting and liver test abnormalities were reported in greater proportions of females vs males (35.3% vs 19.4%, 28.1% vs 13.4%, and 15.4% vs 9.0%), while serious adverse events were more frequent in males (32.8% vs 21.3%). In the nintedanib and placebo groups, respectively, adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation were reported in 16.7% and 8.5% of females and 13.4% and 9.2% of males.Conclusion:In the SENSCIS trial in patients with SSc-ILD, the annual rate of decline in FVC in the placebo group was numerically greater in male than female patients. The rate of FVC decline was lower with nintedanib than placebo both in males and females. The safety profile of nintedanib was similar between males and females.Disclosure of Interests:Elizabeth Volkmann Grant/research support from: Forbius, Corbus Pharmaceuticals, Consultant of: Boehringer Ingelheim, Forbius, Speakers bureau: Boehringer Ingelheim, Serena Vettori Consultant of: Boehringer Ingelheim, John Varga Grant/research support from: John Varga is awaiting grants from Boehringer Ingelheim and has received grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Takeda, and TeneoBio, Consultant of: John Varga has acted as a consultant for Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Emerald Health, and TeneoBio, Ariane Herrick: None declared, Maurizio Cutolo Grant/research support from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Actelion, Celgene, Consultant of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Speakers bureau: Sigma-Alpha, Ana Cordeiro Consultant of: Ana Cordeiro has acted as a consultant for Roche, Speakers bureau: Ana Cordeiro has received speaker fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly, and Vitoria, Valderilio F Azevedo Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Janssen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Lilly and Novartis, Consultant of: Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Amgen, Pfizer and Abbvie, Speakers bureau: Sandoz, Celltrion, Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Amgen, Pfizer and Abbvie, Sindhu Johnson Grant/research support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Corbus Pharmaceuticals, GlaxoSmithKline, Roche, Merck, Bayer, Consultant of: Boehringer Ingelheim, Ikaria, Christian Stock Employee of: Employee of Boehringer Ingelheim, Martina Gahlemann Employee of: Employee of Boehringer Ingelheim, Lizette Moros Employee of: Lizette Moros is an employee of Boehringer Ingelheim, Margarida Alves Employee of: Employee of Boehringer Ingelheim, Maureen Mayes Grant/research support from: Maureen Mayes has received grants from Boehringer Ingelheim, Corbus, CSL Behring, Eicos, and Galapagos, Consultant of: Maureen Mayes has acted as a consultant for Boehringer Ingelheim, Eicos, and Galapagos. She was a member of the SENSCIS trial Steering Committee (Boehringer Ingelheim)
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Afaganis, Ariadne Esmene, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Mayank Gangwar et Snehasis Jana. « Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment Based Test Formulation on Vital Organ Health Specific Biomarkers Using Cell Line Study ». Journal of Tissue Repair and Regeneration 1, no 2 (13 juillet 2019) : 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2640-6403.jtrr-19-2946.
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Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome or failure is one of the major concerns against healthcare services in order to maintain the normal function. The present study aimed to explore the impact of the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation on the function of vital organs such as bones, heart, liver, lungs, and brain using standard activity parameters in specific cell-based assays. The test formulation and cells medium was divided into two parts, one untreated (UT) and other part received the Biofield Energy Treatment remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Ariadne Esmene Afaganis, Canada and was labeled as the Biofield Treated (BT) test formulation/media. The test formulation was tested for cell viability, and the data suggested that the test formulation was found safe and non-toxic against all the cell lines. Cytoprotective activity among the experimental groups showed a significant improved activity by 94.4% at 1 µg/mL in untreated medium (UT-Med) + Biofield Treated Test Item (BT-TI) group in human cardiac fibroblasts cells (HCF) cells, while 84.4% at 10 µg/mL in BT-Med + BT-TI groups in human hepatoma cells (HepG2), and 124% increased cytoprotective action at 1 µg/mL in UT-Med + BT-TI group in adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549) cells as compared with the untreated test group. ALP activity in MG-63 cells was significantly increased by 85.9% at 10 µg/mL in the UT-Med + BT-TI group, while in Ishikawa cells showed maximum increased ALP activity by 59.2% at 0.1 µg/mL in BT-Med + BT-TI groups as compared to the untreated group. The percent protection of HCF (heart) cells (decreased of LDH activity) was significantly increased by 53% and 40.5% at 1 and 10 µg/mL concentrations respectively, in UT-Med + BT-TI group, while BT-Med + UT-TI group showed increased protection by 68.5%, 70.7%, and 16.8% at 0.1, 1, and 10 µg/mL respectively, and 86.5%, 62.5%, and 34.2% improved cellular protection at 0.1, 1, and 10 µg/mL respectively, in BT-Med + BT-TI group as compared to the untreated test group. The percent protection of HepG2 (liver) cells (decreased of ALT activity) was reported by 33.5%, 63.2%, and 99.2% at 10 µg/mL in the UT-Med + BT-TI, BT-Med + UT-TI, and BT-Med + BT-TI groups, respectively compared to the untreated group. Cellular protection of A549 (lungs) cells (increased of SOD activity) in terms of percentage was increased by increased by 39.8% (at 10 µg/mL), 44% (at 25.5 µg/mL), and 59.7% (at 25.5 µg/mL) in the UT-Med + BT-TI, BT-Med + UT-TI, and BT-Med + BT-TI groups, respectively compared to untreated group. Serotonin level was significantly increased by 59.2% (at 0.1 µg/mL), 190.3% (at 0.1 µg/mL), and 201% (at 1 µg/mL) in the UT-Med + BT-TI, BT-Med + UT-TI, and BT-Med + BT-TI groups, respectively compared to untreated in human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y). However, the relative quantification (RQ) of vitamin D receptor (VDR) was significantly increased by 159.1% (at 50 µg/mL), 212.7% (at 1 µg/mL), and 278.3% (at 10 µg/mL) in the UT-Med + BT-TI, BT-Med + UT-TI, and BT-Med + BT-TI groups, respectively as compared to the untreated in MG-63 cells. Thus, the present data concluded that the overall multiple organ health using various standard biomarkers in specific cell lines were significantly improved with respect to health of bones, heart, liver, lungs, and brain after treatment with the Biofield Energy treated test formulation (The Trivedi Effect®). Thus, it can be used as a complementary and alternative therapy approach against many multiple organ disorders such as coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, cirrhosis, liver cancer, hemochromatosis, asthma, chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis, osteoporosis, etc.
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Lin, Kai-bin, Kan-kai Chen, Shuai Li, Ming-qi Cai, Min-jie Yuan, Yan-peng Wang, Xue Zhang et al. « Impaired Left Atrial Performance Resulting From Age-Related Arial Fibrillation Is Associated With Increased Fibrosis Burden : Insights From a Clinical Study Combining With an in vivo Experiment ». Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 7 (3 février 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2020.615065.
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Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is increasingly considered an age-related degenerative disease, whose process is associated with the development of impaired left atrial (LA) performance. However, the subtle dynamic changes of LA performance in AF during aging have yet to be fully elucidated. Atrial fibrosis is a key substrate for the development of AF, but the progression of fibrosis during aging and its relationship with LA dysfunction need to be further explored.Methods: A total of 132 control individuals and 117 persistent AF patients were prospectively studied. Subjects were further stratified into three age groups (age group 1: younger than 65 years, age group 2: between 65 and 79 years old, and age group 3: older than 80 years). The two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging was carried out for analyzing the alterations in LA function underlying LA remodeling, whereas electroanatomic mapping was performed to investigate LA fibrosis burden. In animal study, aged mice and young mice served as research subjects. Echocardiography and histological staining were used to assess LA performance and fibrosis burden, respectively.Results: Echocardiography showed progressive increases in LA dimension and LA stiffness index, and progressive decreases in LA global longitudinal strain and LA strain rates with advancing age in both AF and control cohorts, which was more prominent in AF cohort. Electroanatomic mapping showed progressive decrease in mean LA voltage and progressive increases in LA surface area, low-voltage area %, and LA volume with advancing age, whereas more significant alterations were observed in AF patients. Moreover, left atrial global longitudinal strain was positively correlated with mean LA voltage, whereas LA stiffness index was negatively related to mean LA voltage. In animal experiment, increased LA size and pulmonary artery dimension as well as longer P-wave duration and more prominent LA fibrosis were found in aged mice.Conclusions: This study provides new evidence of subtle changes in structure and performance of left atrium and their association with atrial fibrosis in both AF and non-AF subjects during physiological aging. In addition, our study also provides normal values for LA structure and performance in both AF and non-AF conditions during aging. These measurements may provide an early marker for onset of AF and LA adverse remodeling.
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Khanke, Sankalp, Sanket Bakshi et Sandip Mohale. « Unveiling the Dermatological Manifestations of COVID-19 Infections ». Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 30 décembre 2021, 495–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i64b35921.
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Background: There have been over 86 million global confirmed cases to date, and the disease is known to have a 2.2% case fatality rate, having claimed over 1.87 million lives. They were initially regarded as a purely respiratory disease with symptoms of viral pneumonia such as fever, fatigue, dry cough, and lymphopenia. The widespread coronavirus disease is aimed at the Arial route of the tramsmission. Furthermore, the constant mutations in the virulence factors of the virus lead to the effectiveness of the treatment regimens. Covid-19 disease is mainly known to be a pulmonary infection, giving rise to pulmonary fibrosis, focuses and leads to severe pneumonia and ulyimately gives a fatal result iof not treated promptly. The pulmonary but extrapulmonary manifestations of this disease are also seen—cardiovascular, renal, nervous and dermatological, and immune system. The exact pathogensis and the etiology of the extra pulmonary manifestation of covid to the cutaneous prognosis are not yet well known. The virulence factors, the antigens of the virus that exacerbate the dermatological symptoms. The virus causes dermatological symptoms in urticarial rashes, eczematous infections, and mucocutaneous depositions. The exact mechanisms of the disease’s progress to the dermatological variant are not known; however, this review will concentrate on the cutaneous manifestations of Covid-19 disease and the variant nature of the infection. The widespread coronavirus disease is aimed at the Arial route of transmission. Furthermore, the constant mutations in the virulence factors of the virus lead to the in effect ness of the treatment regimens. Covid-19 disease is mainly known to be a pulmonary infection, giving rise to pulmonary fibrosis, focuses and leads to severe pneumonia and ultimately gives a fatal result iof not treated promptly. The pulmonary but extrapulmonary manifestations of this disease are also seen—cardiovascular, renal, nervous dermatological and immune system. The exact pathogenesis and the etiology of the extrapulmonary manifestation of covid to the cutanenous prognosis is not yet well known. The virulence factors, the antigens of the virus that exacerbate the dermatological symptoms. The virus causes dermatological symptoms in urticarial rashes, eczematous infections, and mucocutaneous depositions.
Thèses sur le sujet "Fibrosi ariale"
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Lehmann, Ariane Verfasser], Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Worlitzsch, Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Girndt et Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] [Hogardt. « Die Entwicklung von Antibiotika-Resistenzen bei obligat anaeroben Bakterien im Sputum von Patienten mit Cystischer Fibrose / Ariane Lehmann. Betreuer : Dieter Worlitzsch ; Matthias Girndt ; Michael Hogardt ». Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1054328552/34.
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RICCIARDI, GIUSEPPE. « Predittori di efficacia dell’isolamento delle vene polmonari nel trattamento della fibrillazione atriale ». Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1010611.
Texte intégralLivres sur le sujet "Fibrosi ariale"
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Embolization therapy for uterine fibroids : A multiv ariate analysis of the predictive factors of fibroid response. Ottawa : National Library of Canada, 2001.
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Teoh, Wendy H. L. Respiratory disease. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713333.003.0042.
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Cystic fibrosis and asthma are the two common and challenging respiratory diseases encountered on the delivery suite and these are described in detail in this chapter. Seasonal and pandemic viral influenzas and acute pneumonias are not uncommon either However, there are several other respiratory conditions which arise as part of other diseases, for example, cardiac or neuromuscular disorders and they are dealt with in the relevant chapters. A multidisciplinary approach to the care of women with respiratory disease, including that of the intensive care, is essential for good outcome and anaesthetists are often called upon to lead in this care.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Fibrosi ariale"
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Sadiq, Alia, Nonhlanhla P. Khumalo et Ardeshir Bayat. « Genetics of Keloid Scarring ». Dans Textbook on Scar Management, 61–76. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44766-3_8.
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AbstractKeloid disease is a benign fibro-proliferative reticular dermal tumor that develops in response to dysregulated cutaneous wound-healing process. The key alterations result in keloid formation have not been fully understood yet.Extensive literature review suggests that there is a strong genetic predisposition for keloid formation as keloid cases have appeared in twins, families, Asian and African descendant ethnic groups predominantly. Thus, there have been several attempts to investigate the genetic variations that may act as contributing factors in keloid pathogenesis, but no single genetic cause has been identified so far. Gene expression studies have shown highly variable results in linkage analysis of keloid families and in keloid fibroblasts. These findings provide clues that keloids arise from heterogeneous genetic events in coordination with immune-related components for example, the Major Histocompatibility Complex genes, consequently that may contributing towards dermal fibrosis. In addition, it is likely that multiple genetic and epigenetic factors are responsible for the development of the disease pathology. In summary, keloid disease is a disorder in which the exact genetic contribution to pathogenesis is yet to be elucidated. Understanding the genetic basis of keloid disease would help to identify targeted therapies as well as accurately assess individual genetic susceptibility to keloids, in order to provide a more personalized approach to their management.
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Ehtesham, Moiz, Anupama Tiwari, Rose Sneha George et Ruben A. Peredo. « Perspective Chapter : Pulmonary System and Sjogren’s Syndrome ». Dans Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102803.
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Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) is a connective tissue disease targeting the exocrine glands with subsequent sicca symptoms mainly in eyes and mouth. Respiratory symptoms may be the most frequent extraglandular manifestation following fatigue and pain. Mucosal dysfunction may affect the upper and lower airways, being the small airways more frequently involved. Parenchymal disease carries most of the morbidity and mortality. Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) is the most common radiographic feature, whereas the fibrotic NSIP type is the most reported finding in biopsies. Pulmonary lymphoma may arise from bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue lesions, and although rare, it is prevalent in SS. Chronic hypertrophic bronchial wall changes may ascribe to the various cystic lesions. Under their presence, possible lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, amyloidosis, and lymphoma should be explored. Pulmonary arterial hypertension may present as frequently as in lupus, especially in Asian populations. Advanced knowledge in the pathogenesis has helped in understanding the various presentations within the respiratory system, contrasting with the scarce therapeutic options to treat both the airway and parenchymal disease. Anti-fibrotic parenchymal lung therapy offers promising outcomes. The pulmonary involvement in SS may associate with a decline in quality of life and reduced life expectancy. Subsequently, clinicians should know these facts for a timely intervention.
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Basso, Cristina, Peter T. Buser, Stefania Rizzo, Massimo Lombardi et Gaetano Thiene. « Pericardial tumours ». Dans The EACVI Textbook of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, sous la direction de Massimo Lombardi, Sven Plein, Steffen Petersen, Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci, Emanuela R. Valsangiacomo Buechel, Cristina Basso et Victor Ferrari, 480–81. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198779735.003.0044.
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Primary malignant tumours of the pericardium include the solitary fibrous tumour and pericardial mesothelioma, which is the most common primary malignant pericardial tumour. Finally, intrapericardial germ cell tumours are neoplasms of germ cell origin that arise within the pericardium and mostly occur in infancy or childhood.
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Nelson-Piercy, Catherine, et Stephen Lapinsky. « Respiratory diseases in pregnancy ». Dans Oxford Textbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, sous la direction de Sabaratnam Arulkumaran, William Ledger, Lynette Denny et Stergios Doumouchtsis, 320–28. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198766360.003.0025.
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Respiratory diseases, particularly asthma, are common in women of childbearing age. Respiratory symptoms, particularly breathlessness, are also common in pregnancy. This chapter discusses the normal physiological changes that occur in the respiratory system during gestation and cover the common and less common respiratory diseases that predate pregnancy: asthma, sarcoidosis, cystic fibrosis, restrictive and interstitial lung disease, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. lymphangioleiomyomatosis, and sleep-disordered breathing. It also covers intercurrent problems such as bacterial and viral pneumonia, as well as conditions that may arise due to complications of the pregnancy itself: adult respiratory distress syndrome, amniotic fluid embolism, gastric acid aspiration, transfusion-related acute lung injury, and pneumothorax.
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Clement, Dominique, Raj Srirajaskanthan et Martyn E. Caplin. « Carcinoid Syndrome ». Dans Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes 3e, sous la direction de John A. H. Wass, Wiebke Arlt et Robert K. Semple, 971–77. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198870197.003.0108.
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Carcinoid syndrome occurs in approximately 20% of patients with neuroendocrine tumours. Its pathophysiology is not completely understood; however, it is thought to arise from secretion of serotonin and kinins from the neuroendocrine tumour cells. In patients with liver metastases these hormones are not metabolized by the liver and consequently lead to the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. The most common symptoms are diarrhoea, flushing, abdominal pain, and wheezing. Management of carcinoid syndrome is centred around control of tumour growth and symptoms. First line treatment is with somatostatin analogues, more recently Telotristat ethyl has been licensed for refractory syndrome. A number of complications can arise secondary to serotonin and kinin secretion these include nutritional deficiency, mesenteric fibrosis, and carcinoid heart disease. Carcinoid crisis which comprises of severe haemodynamic instability can occur during times of stress or surgery. Careful preoperative management needs to be considered prior to surgery in this cohort of patients.
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Hart, Andrew. « Pathophysiology ». Dans Oxford Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 293–94. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682874.003.0044.
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Compression neuropathy is the commonest form of peripheral nerve injury and refers to the symptoms and clinicopathological findings that arise when a peripheral nerve is subjected to acute or chronic external compression or impingement of sufficient magnitude to impair its microcirculation. As aerobic glycolysis fails, membrane potential regulation is impaired, and action potential transmission fails. The differential susceptibility of the various fibre types, which subserve different functions, results in a typical progression of symptoms from impaired fine touch and proprioception, through paraesthesia, to poorly localized pain. If compression persists, then secondary intraneural and vascular anatomical changes establish a downward spiral of worsening intraneural oedema and fibrosis, axonotmesis, and denervation atrophy of target muscles. The condition becomes refractory to decompression. The impact on the patient depends upon the severity of neuropathy, and the nerve affected. A small number of anatomical sites particularly predispose to compression (e.g. the carpal tunnel), resulting in the common clinical syndromes.
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Lee, Y. C. Gary. « Pleural tumours ». Dans Oxford Textbook of Medicine, sous la direction de Pallav L. Shah, 4361–68. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0440.
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Benign tumours are rare in the pleural cavity, with solitary fibrous tumour of the pleura the most frequent of these rarities. Malignant pleural tumours are common and can arise from the pleura (most commonly mesothelioma) or as metastases from extrapleural malignancies (especially lung and breast cancer). They typically present with breathlessness, chest pain, and a pleural effusion. Diagnosis requires histocytological confirmation of malignant cells from pleural fluid and/or pleural biopsies. Most cases are due to asbestos exposure, characteristically after a latent period of more than 20 years, with risk related to the duration and intensity of asbestos exposure and the fibre type (worst with needle-like amphiboles). Most tumours that have spread to the pleura are incurable.
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Fraser, Jim. « 7. Trace evidence ». Dans Forensic Science : A Very Short Introduction, 81–92. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198834410.003.0007.
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Fibres, hairs, paint, glass, and explosives traces are examined by forensic scientists in a wide range of crimes from burglary to terrorism. The distinctive characteristics of trace evidence are its microscopic size or minute amount, its ability to transfer readily from one item to another, and that it is subsequently lost from the item following that transfer. Many of the difficulties that arise in the examination, analysis, and interpretation of trace evidence are consequences of these characteristics. ‘Trace evidence’ considers the principles that underlie trace evidence examination, some of the scientific techniques used, how the significance of the evidence is assessed, and the importance of trace evidence in police investigations.
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« Amino Acid Stereochemistry and the First Americans ». Dans Archaeological Chemistry, 336–74. 3e éd. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781782624264-00336.
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The timing of the peopling of the New World remains one of the biggest questions in archaeology, one that is complicated by the issues of exactly dating the materials from the sites in question. The rate at which the amino acid l-aspartic acid racemizes into its enantiomeric d-form was suggested to be one method for directly determining the age of the fibrous protein collagen preserved within bone. The rate of conversion of l- to d-amino acids is dependent upon several structural and environmental factors, and the calibration of amino acid racemization (AAR) dating relies on reliable radiocarbon dates. AAR dating in the 1970s of Paleoindian bones from California suggested great antiquity, as much as 70 000 years before present, for the arrival of humans in North America. With the advent of accelerator mass spectrometry in the 1980s making possible only the dating of the collagen fraction of the same bones, this arrival was shifted back to the Holocene, more in line with the ‘Clovis first’ theory. However, poor preservation of collagen and issues that arise from radiocarbon calibration complicate the matter further. In the intervening years, several unquestionably pre-Clovis sites have been identified throughout both North and South America, though much remains to be learned. Amino acid racemization dating is not a lost cause, however. Recent developments have shown its utility in dating shell over geological time periods, and for determining age at death in forensic cases.
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« Molecular and medical genetics ». Dans Oxford Assess and Progress : Medical Sciences, sous la direction de Jade Chow, John Patterson, Kathy Boursicot et David Sales. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199605071.003.0015.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Genetics has come a long way since the pioneering work on plant inheritance patterns by the Augustinian monk, Gregor Mendel, in the mid-nineteenth century. In the first decades of the twentieth century, Archibald Garrod, a London physician, was studying a class of diseases which came to be called ‘inborn errors of metabolism’. As a result of studies on conditions such as alkaptonuria (a rare disease involving altered phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism, with production of dark urine and a rare form of arthritis), Garrod postulated the ‘one gene – one enzyme’ hypothesis, namely that most inborn errors of metabolism result from errors in single genes that code for enzymes. This showed remarkable foresight, since the actual nature of DNA and the way genes are transcribed and translated was not fully established until the work of Watson and Crick and others in the 1950s and beyond. One gene – one enzyme (or one protein) has now been modified to become one gene – one peptide, but the principle holds. As more has been learned about human genetics and genetic mutation, especially following the Human Genome Project, the number of genetic defects known to underpin diseases and predisposition to disease has burgeoned. All this new knowledge is adding to earlier knowledge of diseases that were detected by studying chromosome number (cytogenetics) or by examining family pedigrees for the patterns of disease inheritance. Studies of family pedigrees exposed the genetic nature of diseases as diverse as cystic fibrosis, haemophilia, sickle-cell disease, and Huntington’s disease. Nowadays, a doctor’s training in medical genetics will cover the genetic code, gene expression, gene regulation and mutation, cancer genetics, chromosomal abnormalities, abnormalities at the gene level, genetic polymorphism, the principles of gene therapy, and the emerging science of pharmacogenetics. As it has become evident not only that diseases are a direct expression of particular genes or mutations, but that genetic predisposition can be identified for a great number of diseases, both ethical and therapeutic questions arise. For example, will every healthy person want or need to have knowledge of his or her own future risk for specific diseases? To what extent will gene therapies or pharmacogenetics have to be tailored to an individual’s genetic constitution, and at what financial cost?
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Fibrosi ariale"
1
Farries, M. C., M. E. Fermann et P. St J. Russell. « Second Harmonie Generation in Optical Fibres ». Dans Nonlinear Guided-Wave Phenomena. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlgwp.1989.sb1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
There has been much interest in second harmonic generation (SHG) in optical fibres 1-13 since Osterberg and Margulis 1 reported a conversion efficiency of 0.5% and demonstrated dye laser pumping. Further work has achieved conversion efficiencies in excess of 10%. The phenomenon has stimulated particular interest in view of the classical theory that there is no second order nonlinearity in an isotropic medium such as fused silica. The results reported clearly indicate the generation of non-inversion symmetry in the fibre as a result of optical excitation. There have been earlier observations 14 of SHG in fibres but it is not clear if these arise from quadrupole nonlinearities, Raman related 4 wave mixing or optically written gratings. In this paper we review SHG due to optical modification of the fibre.
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Han, Woojin M., Su-Jin Heo, Tristan P. Driscoll, Robert L. Mauck et Dawn M. Elliott. « Micro-Scale Strain Transfer in Fiber-Reinforced Native Tissue Is Distinct From Cell-Seeded Aligned Nanofibrous Scaffolds ». Dans ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80473.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Mechanical signals influence cell viability, differentiation, proliferation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) production in load-bearing tissues. However, the current understanding of how macroscopic tissue level strain is transferred to cells is confounded by the highly variable strain fields that arise within the ECM of these tissues. In tendon and outer annulus fibrosus (AF), microscale strains in the ECM can be significantly lower than the applied strains.1,2,3 In meniscus, both strain amplification and attenuation were observed at the microscale level.4
3
Rudolf, Maja, Irena Bates, Ivana Plazonić, Valentina Radić Seleš, Katja Petric Maretić et Marija Magdalena Mendeš. « Evaluation of the line and edge quality of printed letters on recycled paper with straw pulp ». Dans 11th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p33.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Traditional papermaking is based on the use of an aqueous suspension consisting of cellulose fibres obtained by processing wood, non-wood plants or waste paper. With growing environmental concerns regarding deforestation and CO2 production, the paper industry has been always looking for new sources of non-wood pulp that would produce papers of similar quality to those made from wood pulp. Cereal straw from wheat, barley or triticale crops that remains on fields as a residue after grain harvesting has proven to be a good substitute for virgin wood fibres needed in the production of recycled paper. In this study, the quality of printed text on recycled paper with added straw pulp is evaluated mainly based on the line and edge characteristics of the printed letters. For this purpose, three types of laboratory paper substrates were first prepared using recycled wood pulp with the addition of 30% wheat, barley, or triticale straw pulp. The same letter pattern was printed with black ink on each paper substrate at a standard size of 12 pt with two common typefaces: Arial and Times New Roman. The quality of the printed letters was assessed through the measured print quality parameters such as blurriness, raggedness, fill and contrast. The resulting measurements were compared with the results obtained on the reference and control samples made exclusively from recycled wood pulp as a substrate from laboratory and commercial production. In terms of fill and contrast values, the uniformity of lines printed on the recycled papers with added straw pulp is the same or very similar to the reference and control papers. Letters printed in Arial (sans-serif) typeface show slightly better reproduction quality than letters printed in Times New Roman (serif) typeface. The measured parameters blurriness and raggedness of all laboratory-made paper substrates (with and without straw pulp) had similar values between 0.17 mm and 0.20 mm, resulting in a very similar reproduction quality compared to the reference paper substrate.
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Rajkumar, N., J. N. McMullin, B. P. Keyworth et R. I. MacDonald. « 3 X 3 Optoelectronic Cross-Bar Switch Using Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Arrays ». Dans Diffractive Optics and Micro-Optics. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/domo.1996.dmd.4.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In an electronic space division switch matrix, the system performance at high frequencies is subject to degradation because of crosstalk due to electromagnetic coupling in adjacent signal paths. A substantial improvement in performance can be obtained if the incoming signals were optical and the outgoing electrical with optical detectors acting as the cross points[1,2]. As the incoming paths are optical, a great degree of immunity to crosstalk can be gained, and the crosstalk that may arise in the outgoing electrical lines could be reduced by proper shielding as the adjacent conductor lines are no longer electrically connected. Such switching matrices may also be applied in high speed analog and digital signal processing applications [3,4]. The signal distribution in optoelectronic switches has been done in the past using 1:N multimode fibre splitters and butt-coupling the fibres to the MSM detectors by prealigning the fibres in etched silicon V-groove arrays. Two drawbacks of the fibre distribution method are that it is very fragile and handling large number of fibres is difficult and time-consuming. Alternative approaches are the use of integrated waveguide devices for power division or free space interconnect. A 3X3 free space switch prototype using three discrete lasers has been previously reported [5]. In this paper a modified version using vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL’s) driven by electrical inputs is described.
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Vagg, Tamara, Claire Fleming, Mairead Mccarthy, Barry Plant et Sabin Tabirca. « PATIENT E-LEARNING TOOLS FOR ADULTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS ». Dans eLSE 2018. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-18-214.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: Patient education is an integral part of management and care. For adults with Cystic Fibrosis, new procedures and devices may arise. Studies have shown that patients forget between 40%-80% provided during a consultation, hence other accessible platforms for disseminating this knowledge is required. Aim: This paper aims to outline the design, creation and evaluation of three patient e-learning tools. These tools are available online so that they can be accessed by patients via bedside tablets in a hospital ward and personal devices. This research will then investigate usage data from those users accessing the tools in a hospital and non-hospital context. Methodologies: Three education tools were developed which focus on Portacaths, Gastrostomy Tubes, and Bronchoscopies. All educational multimedia was developed and validated by the Cork CF Multidisciplinary team. The information is presented to the user in a FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) format, where users can navigate through content via buttons with a series of commonly asked questions. These questions are identified by CF nurse specialists with over 25 years’ experience in educating CF adults on these devices and procedures. The web tools are developed using HTML, CSS, AJAX, PHP and JavaScript. Once the user visits an e-learning tool, a unique identifier is generated and stored in the browser's local storage as well as a text file on the server. Each button click and respective time stamp is then stored in the text file. This data is then analysed to determine the most frequently viewed content as well as time spent viewing content and visiting the e-learning tool. Results: Overall, all three e-learning tools were accessed more frequently by personal devices. Generally, users tended to spend less time using the e-learning tools via the bedside tablet. There was also a tendency for users to visit more general information on the bedside tablets, whereas users who access the e-learning tools from personal devices tended to spend more time exploring the web tools and focused more on care information. Conclusion: Patient education is an integral part of care. From the pilot study conducted by this research, it would appear that patients exhibit different motivations when visiting e-learning material in a hospital and non-hospital setting. As such it is advised that e-learning content is made available to patients in each context.
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Gupta, R., L. Dupont, P. Minic, S. Fustik, H. Mazurek, E. Solyom, A. Feketeova, E. Csiszer, O. Okusanya et A. Quittner. « A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study of Nebulized Liposomal Amikacin (Arikace™) in the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis Patients with ChronicPseudomonas aeruginosaLung Infection (Protocol TR02-105). » Dans American Thoracic Society 2009 International Conference, May 15-20, 2009 • San Diego, California. American Thoracic Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2009.179.1_meetingabstracts.a1199.
Texte intégral
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Tan, Andrea R., Jamie L. Ifkovits, Brendon M. Baker, Robert L. Mauck et Jason A. Burdick. « Electrospinning of Photopolymerizable Poly(β-Amino Ester) Networks for Fibrous Tissue Engineering ». Dans ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176206.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Fiber-reinforced tissues of the musculoskeletal system, including tendon, ligament, intervertebral disc, and the knee meniscus function to transmit the high mechanical forces that arise with locomotion. As these tissues operate under demanding mechanical regimes, their structure and composition are optimized to enable these activities and to resist damage with repeated use. Hallmarks of these dense fibrous tissues include a high collagen content organized along a prevailing fiber direction that is generally coincident with the principal loading direction, as well as a lack of vascularity after skeletal maturation. While these characteristics enable function, they also predispose these tissues to a poor healing response subsequent to injury.
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Dupont, Lieven J., John P. Clancy, Predrag Minic, Christopher H. Goss, Stojka Fustic, Henryk Mazurek, Jerry A. Nick et al. « Evaluation Of Two Phase II Blinded and Placebo-Controlled Studies Of Nebulized Liposomal Amikacin (Arikace") In The Treatment Of Cystic Fibrosis Patients With Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Lung Infection ». Dans American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a1836.
Texte intégral
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Richardson, D. J., L. Dong, A. D. Ellis, T. Widdowson et W. A. Pender. « Experimental demonstration of 10 GBit/s, 4.7 ps pulse transmission over 4300km in a low dispersion, loss compensating dispersion decreasing fibre ». Dans Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1996.fa.3.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Continuous, dispersion varying fibres (DVFs) offer a wide range of potential applications for distributed linear/nonlinear pulse manipulation and control. With the development of simple fibre fabrication technology capable of manufacturing up to 40 km lengths of DVF considerable attention has focussed on their potential application as a transmission media in advanced soliton communication systems. As pointed out by Tajima [1] fibres with exponentially varying dispersion matched to follow the fibre loss can be used to eliminate the deleterious effects of the local imbalances in nonlinearity and dispersion that arise as a result of the pulse energy variation between amplifier spans in a conventional soliton transmission line. These localised imbalances restrict the bit-rates that can be used in single channel systems once the soliton period of the pulses approaches that of the amplifier spacing, and also give rise to serious inter-channel effects in soliton WDM systems [5]. Single pulse transmission experiments have recently been demonstrated illustrating loss compensation over single amplifiers spans using loss compensating dispersion decreasing fibre (LCDDF)[2,3]. These early results have been followed by multi amplifier-stage experiments, illustrating application to the periodically amplified case for short pulses in regimes not permitted by conventional average soliton dynamics [4]. However, error free pulse transmission for high bit-rate single channel data transmission was found to be limited by effects such as the soliton acoustic interaction and Gordon Haus jitter which are pronounced due to the high path average path dispersion of the available LCDDFs [4]. In order to obtain significantly better results, LCDDFs with correspondingly smaller absolute dispersion range variations need to be developed. (Note that the application of a discrete approximation to the desired exponential dispersion profile for enhanced soliton WDM transmission have also been demonstrated [5]). In this paper we present initial results on the development of low dispersion, LCDDFs and present the first experimental results on the use of these more gently tapered fibres in recirculating loop experiments. We show that the lower average dispersion reduces the strong deleterious effects observed in the earlier loop experiments and obtain error free, 10 GBit/s, 4.7ps pulse transmission over fibre lengths in excess of 4300km.
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Martin, Todd A. « Finite Strain, Visco-Elastic Constitutive Models for Kinematically Constrained Materials ». Dans ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0480.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract The manufacture and increasingly widespread use of thermosetting/thermoplastic pre-preg fabrics suggests that new finite strain material models are needed to describe their behaviour during forming. Determining the appropriate models to apply involves the correct description of the anisotropic visco-elastic behaviour of these materials and the development of methods for measuring the material properties. This paper addresses the former issue, by presenting a logical method for formulating the equations of state for an incompressible continuum reinforced with inextensible fibres. Utilising body tensor fields and the internal variable concept, various thermo-rheological constitutive models are derived, based on the free energy and the dissipation function, which arise naturally in the Clausius Duhem inequality. The inherent assumptions leading to the finite strain Maxwell and Kelvin-Voigt material models are discussed. The method outlined here is general, therefore it allows the formulation of constitutive equations with a clear understanding of the limitations embodied in the resulting models.