Articles de revues : « Family Court (Cook County) »

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Eife, Erin, et Beth E. Richie. « Punishment by Association : The Burden of Attending Court for Legal Bystanders ». Law & ; Social Inquiry 47, n^o 2 (9 décembre 2021) : 584–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/lsi.2021.43.

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Scholars have shown how legal bystanders experience punishment at the hands of the state in their homes and neighborhoods, as well as jails and prisons. Other scholars have shown how bureaucratic processes, such as attending court, are punitive toward people charged with crimes. There is less information about how legal bystanders also experience punishment in courtrooms. In this article, we bridge the literatures between secondary prisonization and procedural punishment to illustrate how legal bystanders, such as family and friends of bond court defendants, experience punishment when attending bond court. We utilize courtroom ethnography of Central Bond Court in Chicago’s Cook County and interviews with family and friends of people charged with a crime to illustrate this form of punishment in three themes: extraction, destabilization, and degradation. With these findings, we argue that secondary prisonization begins not at the point of incarceration, but at the moment a loved one’s contact with the criminal legal system begins.

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Tanenhaus, David S. « Growing Up Dependent : Family Preservation in Early Twentieth-Century Chicago ». Law and History Review 19, n^o 3 (2001) : 547–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/744273.

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On December 23, 1912, a Hungarian father brought his three young daughters (ages three, five, and seven) to the Cook County Juvenile Court to file dependent petitions on their behalf. He alleged that their mother had deserted the family, stolen their savings, and disappeared. As a single father, he could have and probably did argue that it was unreasonable to expect him to work and to raise his young children simultaneously. On Christmas Eve, after a six-man jury found each girl to be a “dependent child,” Judge Merritt Pinckney ordered them committed to the Lisle Industrial School and arranged for their father to pay $15 a month for their support. Thus, the single father had used the juvenile court to arrange for a private institution to raise his now motherless children, who because they were the same gender were at least allowed to grow up together in the same industrial school.

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Anonymous. « Cook County Introduces Mental Health Court ». Psychiatric Annals 34, n^o 6 (juin 2004) : 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0048-5713-20040601-11.

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Bensinger, Gad J. « The Juvenile Court of Cook County : Past, Present and Future ». Journal of Crime and Justice 13, n^o 2 (janvier 1990) : 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.1990.9721416.

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Bryant, Diana. « A Conversation with the Chief Justice of the Family Court ». Victoria University Law and Justice Journal 7, n^o 1 (11 juin 2018) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15209/vulj.v7i1.1130.

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VULJ Editors Niko Kordos, Hannah Cook-Tonkin, Josh Gibson and Angela Stanley interviewed the Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia, her Honour Diana Bryant AO, on 25 September 2017 at the Family Court in Melbourne.

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Wang, Chen Y., Melissa L. Palma, Christine Haley, Jeff Watts et Keiki Hinami. « Rapid Creation of a Multiagency Alternate Care Site for COVID-19– Positive Individuals Experiencing Homelessness ». American Journal of Public Health 111, n^o 7 (juillet 2021) : 1227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2021.306286.

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Cook County Health partnered with the Chicago Departments of Public Health and Family & Support Services and several dozen community-based organizations to rapidly establish a temporary medical respite shelter during the spring 2020 COVID-19 peak for individuals experiencing homelessness in Chicago and Cook County, Illinois. This program provided low-barrier isolation housing to medically complex adults until their safe return to congregate settings. We describe strategies used by the health care agency, which is not a Health Resource and Services Administration Health Care for the Homeless grantee, to provide medical services and care coordination.

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Dodge, L. Mara. « "Our Juvenile Court Has Become More like a Criminal Court" : A Century of Reform at the Cook County (Chicago) Juvenile Court ». Michigan Historical Review 26, n^o 2 (2000) : 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20173859.

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Chriqui, Jamie F., Christina N. Sansone et Lisa M. Powell. « The Sweetened Beverage Tax in Cook County, Illinois : Lessons From a Failed Effort ». American Journal of Public Health 110, n^o 7 (juillet 2020) : 1009–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2020.305640.

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Objectives. To describe the public health and policy lessons learned from the failure of the Cook County, Illinois, Sweetened Beverage Tax (SBT). Methods. This retrospective, mixed-methods, qualitative study involved key informant (KI) and discussion group interviews and document analysis including news media, court documents, testimony, letters, and press releases. Two coders used Atlas.ti v.8A to analyze 321 documents (from September 2016 through December 2017) and 6 KI and discussion group transcripts (from December 2017 through August 2018). Results. Key lessons were (1) the SBT process needed to be treated as a political campaign, (2) there was inconsistent messaging regarding the tax purpose (i.e., revenue vs public health), (3) it was important to understand the local context and constraints, (4) there was implementation confusion, and (5) the media influenced an antitax backlash. Conclusions. The experience with the implementation and repeal of the Cook County SBT provides important lessons for future beverage tax efforts. Public Health Implications. Beverage taxation efforts need to be treated as political campaigns requiring strong coalitions, clear messaging, substantial resources, and work within the local context.

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Tiktin, Stephen N., et Ernest J. Mazorol. « FAMILY COURT COORDINATION OF HUMAN SERVICES, DESCHUTES COUNTY, OREGON ». Family Court Review 35, n^o 3 (15 mars 2005) : 342–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.174-1617.1997.tb00475.x.

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Cossyleon, Jennifer, John Orwat, Christine George, Don Stemen et Whitney Key. « Deferring felony prosecution : a process evaluation of an innovative Cook County State’s Attorney’s Office program ». Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice 3, n^o 4 (4 décembre 2017) : 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcrpp-01-2017-0003.

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Purpose The Cook County State Attorneys’ Deferred Prosecution Program (DPP) is a pre-trial diversionary program that accepts first-time, non-violent defendants charged with a felony crime. The purpose of this paper is to document the development, implementation, and program patterns of the DPP to better understand the program’s scope and reach in diverting defendants from traditional criminal prosecution. Design/methodology/approach The approach to evaluating Cook County’s DPP is primarily qualitative. Through interviews with program administrators and current and former participants, the authors document the process of creating and implementing such DPP that aims to avoid a felony conviction altogether. The authors provide program participant patterns to shed light on the program’s scope and reach in diverting defendants from traditional felony prosecution. Findings Using data from staff, administrators, and program participants, the authors found that the DPP was developed and implemented through supportive leadership who instilled a culture of collaboration and buy-in. Expanding the program could include increasing the capacity of DPP to include additional participants or having a DPP incorporated into each branch court, instead of the centralized system under which it currently operates. Increasing the capacity and scope of the program could both further decrease criminal court caseloads and most importantly avoid a higher number of stigmatizing felony convictions for first-time non-violent defendants. Practical implications DPPs are cost effective and can be easily implemented within existing systems. Collaboration and buy-in from all stakeholders are crucial to the program’s success. DPP offers opportunities for expansion. Increasing the capacity and scope of the program could both further decrease criminal court caseloads and most importantly avoid a higher number of stigmatizing felony convictions for first-time non-violent felony defendants. Originality/value The main goals of DPP were two-fold. The first was to minimize the level of resources allocated for non-violent offenders in the criminal justice system by diverting such defendants out of the criminal justice system early in the process and reducing the recidivism rates of program participants. The second aimed to provide an option for eligible defendants to avoid a felony conviction, thereby avoiding the collateral consequences associating with a felony conviction.

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Van Cleve, Nicole Gonzalez. « Due Process & ; the Theater of Racial Degradation : The Evolving Notion of Pretrial Punishment in the Criminal Courts ». Daedalus 151, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2022) : 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01894.

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Abstract Most theorists assume that the criminal courts are neutral arbiters of justice, protected by the Constitution, the rule of law, and court records. This essay challenges those assumptions and examines the courts as a place of punitive excess and the normalization of racial abuse and punishment. The essay explains the historic origins of these trends and examines how the categories of “hardened” and “marginal” defendants began to assume racialized meanings with the emergence of mass incarceration. This transformed the criminal courts into a type of public theater for racial degradation. These public performances or “racial degradation ceremonies” occur within the discretionary practices and cultural norms of mostly White courtroom professionals as they efficiently manage the disposition of cases in the everyday practice of law. I link these historical findings to a recent study of the largest unified criminal court system in the United States–Cook County, Chicago–and discuss court watching programs as an intervention for accountability and oversight of our courts and its legal professionals.

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O'Donnell, Philip C., et Arthur J. Lurigio. « Psychosocial Predictors of Clinicians' Recommendations and Judges' Placement Orders in a Juvenile Court ». Criminal Justice and Behavior 35, n^o 11 (30 juillet 2008) : 1429–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854808324061.

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A large proportion of youthful offenders who enter the juvenile justice system have psychiatric disorders and psychosocial risk factors that perpetuate delinquency, and addressing these issues has been a growing concern of juvenile courts nationwide. This study examines the relationship between the clinical information provided through comprehensive forensic assessments and clinicians' recommendations for placement (community setting vs. secure facility) and judges' sentencing decisions. The sample included 248 youth, ranging from 11 to 17 years old, who were adjudicated in the Cook County (Chicago) Juvenile Court. A reliable and valid approach for coding psychosocial variables is also presented as a prototype for future research. Consistent with previous studies, results show that judges are inclined to adopt clinical recommendations and that the material provided by comprehensive clinical evaluations could diminish the effects of offense and delinquency-based factors on dispositions.

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SHELLEY, ROWLAND M. « Rediscovery, redescription, and illustrations of the milliped, Mitocybe auriportae Cook and Loomis, 1928 (Colobognatha : Platydesmida : Andrognathidae) ». Zootaxa 2475, n^o 1 (17 mai 2010) : 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2475.1.2.

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Mitocybe auriportae Cook and Loomis, 1928, is a thread-like, densely pubescent andrognathid milliped that lacks exoskeletal ornamentations and is equivalent in size to the veins in decaying leaves. Its anterior gonopods are dominated by a broad, subtriangular sternum; the falcate ultimate podomere arises subterminally and is directed ventrolaterad. The species is known from a single collection 91 years ago in Marin County, California; I report a new locality in Santa Cruz County and redescribe and illustrate somatic and gonopodal features. Mitocybe Cook and Loomis, 1928, is monotypic; a new species from Guerrero, Mexico, reported 30 years ago, is still undescribed and, from geographical proximity, probably referrable to Andrognathus Cope, 1869. Somatic features of these genera are contrasted. The taxonomy of Platydesmida is uncertain because it is based on somatic, rather than gonopodal, features and because Brachycybe Wood, 1864, bridges the anatomical gap between the two component families. The family-group name, Mitocybeini Hoffman, 1980, is available to accommodate Mitocybe. In situ SEM examinations of colobognath gonopods do not show details of the anterior gonopod sternum, and studies on dissected gonopods are recommended.

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Vázquez, Carlos M. « Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft v. Schlunk ». American Journal of International Law 82, n^o 4 (octobre 1988) : 816–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203516.

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In this first decision by the United States Supreme Court on the scope and application of the Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters, better known as the Hague Service Convention, petitioner, a West German company, challenged the respondent’s attempt to serve process on petitioner by serving its wholly owned U.S. subsidiary in accordance with the state’s rules rather than pursuant to the procedures of the Convention. The Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois, found that the relationship between the German parent and the U.S. subsidiary was such that, under state-law rules of agency, the U.S. subsidiary was the parent’s involuntary agent for service of process. Because service could thus be perfected entirely within the United States, the court held that it was not necessary to follow the procedures of the Hague Service Convention. The Illinois Appellate Court affirmed, and the Illinois Supreme Court denied leave to appeal. The U.S. Supreme Court (per O’Connor, J.) affirmed and held: (1) the Hague Service Convention is “mandatory” and preempts inconsistent state-law methods of service in all cases to which it applies; (2) the Convention applies where there is occasion to transmit a document abroad to charge persons with formal notice of a pending action; and (3) whether it is necessary to transmit a document abroad for such purposes is determined by the forum state’s internal law.

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Hita, Liza Cohen, Sanford L. Braver, Irwin N. Sandler, Phillip Knox et Marylou Strehle. « FAMILY COURT-UNIVERSITY PARTNERSHIP TO BENEFIT DIVORCING FAMILIES : THE EXPERIENCE OF MARICOPA COUNTY (ARIZONA) FAMILY COURT DEPARTMENT AND ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY'S PREVENTION RESEARCH CENTER* ». Family Court Review 47, n^o 3 (juillet 2009) : 436–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-1617.2009.01266.x.

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ASHFORD, JOSÉ B. « Treating Substance-Abusing Parents : A Study of the Pima County Family Drug Court Approach ». Juvenile and Family Court Journal 55, n^o 4 (septembre 2004) : 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6988.2004.tb00171.x.

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McBride, Duane, et Curtis VanderWaal. « Day Reporting Centers as an Alternative for Drug Using Offenders ». Journal of Drug Issues 27, n^o 2 (avril 1997) : 379–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269702700212.

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It is the purpose of this paper to examine the development, implementation, and effectiveness of a day reporting center (DRC) for drug- using offenders in Cook County, Illinois. At the time of the evaluation, the program primarily offered services to African Americans with limited education and job experience and extensive histories of opiate and cocaine use. The analysis showed that while in the program, participants reduced their drug use, significantly improved the rate of their appearance for court dates, and had a very low rate of arrests on new charges. It was also found that the program had difficulties in integrating its services with other community services after participants left the program. Conclusions support the use of day reporting programs for drug-using offenders as an effective means to reduce drug use. It was also concluded that it was crucial to integrate this type of pre-trial service with other needed community services.

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Tighe, W. J. « Courtiers and Politics in Elizabethan Herefordshire : Sir James Croft, his Friends and his Foes ». Historical Journal 32, n^o 2 (juin 1989) : 257–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00012140.

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For well over a decade studies in local history have occupied a significant position in the historiography of early modern England. In particular, the study of the ‘county community’ as the most significant English political and governmental unit and as the primary sphere of social and affectional loyalties for the greater number of those Englishmen constituting the political nation has become securely established. Within this wide and fruitful field for continuing research the theme of the ‘points of contact’ or reciprocal communication between the court and the county, Westminster and the provinces, which Sir Geoffrey Elton raised not so long ago and which Kevin Sharpe more recently attempted to apply to the problems of government in early Stuart England, suggests that investigations of the gentry of a particular county might illustrate how this interchange between the centre and the localities functioned. For such a study to prove fruitful, however, one prerequisite would appear to be necessary: a member of a prominent county family, perhaps its head, who also holds a major office of state or position at court. Such a man was Sir James Croft whose eminent position in Herefordshire was founded on the contacts he made and the patronage he attracted in the last years of Henry VIII's reign. Although this position was threatened in the years of his disgrace during Queen Mary's reign, it gathered strength again in the 1560s, and reached its apogee during the following two decades. Between 1570 and his death in 1590, he served at court as comptroller of the household.

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Rodriguez, Nancy, et Vincent J. Webb. « Multiple Measures of Juvenile Drug Court Effectiveness : Results of a Quasi-Experimental Design ». Crime & ; Delinquency 50, n^o 2 (avril 2004) : 292–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128703254991.

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Prior studies of juvenile drug courts have been constrained by small samples, inadequate comparison groups, or limited outcome measures. The authors report on a 3-year evaluation that examines the impact of juvenile drug court participation on recidivism and drug use. A quasi-experimental design is used to compare juveniles assigned to drug court with those assigned to standard probation in Maricopa County, Arizona. Findings indicate drug court participants were less likely to recidivate than youths in the comparison group. Analyses of drug use show no significant difference between groups in marijuana use but reveal that drug court participants were more likely than juveniles in the comparison group to test positive for cocaine. Family stability, school attendance, and legal indicators were important predictors of drug court effectiveness. Last, findings indicate the majority of juveniles in drug court were unsuccessful in meeting program requirements and subsequently released to state-operated facilities or standard probation.

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Carl, Jim. « Harold Washington and Chicago's Schools Between Civil Rights and the Decline of the New Deal Consensus, 1955–1987 ». History of Education Quarterly 41, n^o 3 (2001) : 311–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2001.tb00091.x.

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An early break in Harold Washington's political career came via a 1955 speech he delivered on equality of educational opportunity. Leaders of Chicago's Roosevelt University invited the popular alumnus (Washington was the first African-American class president) to speak at the tenth anniversary of the school's founding. The young Assistant State's Attorney shared the platform with such notables as former First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren, and newly elected Mayor Richard J. Daley. In his speech, Washington remembered the university as “an experience in democratic living.” He viewed equal educational opportunity as the school's “cornerstone” because its admissions policy relied on objective examinations. At Roosevelt, Washington found “at all levels… people reaching out to fill whatever gaps [less privileged students] may have had in their backgrounds, which might retard them in their efforts… to be more useful citizens in our greater democracy.” Daley loved the crowd-pleasing speech and began grooming Washington to become the next Cook County prosecutor. Washington's career path, however, led elsewhere.

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Haynie, Aisha, Carlos Plasencia, Kimberly Fields, Elna Nesbitt, Audrey Lovings-Clark, Mary Scott, Dana Wiltz-Beckham, Brian Reed et Umair A. Shah. « Interdisciplinary Public Health Intervention in a Multigenerational Tuberculosis (TB) Outbreak in Harris County, Texas : A Case Study with Implications for Disease Control Process Improvement and Transmission Cycle Interruption ». Open Forum Infectious Diseases 4, suppl_1 (2017) : S25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx162.064.

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Abstract Background Harris County Public Health (HCPH) is the health department for Harris County, Texas jurisdiction. Harris County as a whole is the nation’s third most populous county, with 4.3 million residents, and a TB case rate more than double that of the USA. (7.6 cases per 100,000 pop). A total, 327 individuals were diagnosed with TB in Harris County during 2015, over two-thirds occurring in foreign-born individuals. In 2016, HCPH treated an immigrant female with active TB. Initial contact investigation (CI) yielded five household contacts (HHC). Two tested positive, but refused subsequent clinical evaluation by HCPH. Two months later, HCPH was notified of a HHC hospitalized with TB. After hospital discharge, the sick HHC moved into a motel in attempts to self-isolate, but refused evaluation of additional HHC in the home, and banned home access, precluding adequate CI. After numerous phone calls, visits to motel and home, and multiple rescheduled appointments, legal action appeared inevitable. Days later, HCPH was notified of another HHC diagnosed with active TB. Methods With alarm regarding the family’s adherence to control orders, TB staff implemented an innovative multidisciplinary team-based intervention in hopes of avoiding legal action. A site visit was paid to the motel by a local health authority, two TB staff, a county public investigator, and a refugee clinic outreach worker fluent in the family’s language. Patients were presented with letters requesting immediate cooperation to avoid court filings. Questions were answered, misinformation corrected, and education provided. Results Intermediary on-site intervention using a compassionate, firm multidisciplinary team approach resulted in 16 additional family members tested, yielding an infant with active TB (Case 4) and 8 with TB Infection (TBI). Isolation breaches were also discovered. Most importantly, TB transmission cycle was interrupted. Cultural and economic barriers hindering successful interaction with family were addressed, TB misconceptions corrected, and trusting relationship developed. Conclusion This innovative multidisciplinary intervention avoided court proceedings and curtailed the TB transmission cycle. HCPH improved its non-adherence intervention process, and modified TB control orders for infectious patients residing in congregate settings. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Gavazzi, Stephen M., Denim Slade, Cynthia K. Buettner, Charles Partridge, Courtney M. Yarcheck et David W. Andrews. « Toward Conceptual Development and Empirical Measurement of Global Risk Indicators in the Lives of Court-Involved Youth ». Psychological Reports 92, n^o 2 (avril 2003) : 599–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2003.92.2.599.

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This paper reports work related to the conceptual development and empirical use of global risk indicators meant to measure rapidly and reliably potential threats to the overall development and well-being of adolescents in the juvenile justic system. The development of these indicators and initial data regarding their use with court involved samples are presented. Analysis of data gathered from a sample containing 248 families of adolescents who participated in a family-based diversion program identified a seven-factor structure that corresponded to theoretically derived dimensions of risk in domains associated with prior offenses, family/parenting, education/work, peers, substance use, personality/behavior problems, and attitudes/orientation. Analysis of data gathered from a second sample containing 373 families of adolescents who came into contact with the intake/diversion department of a county juvenile court confirmed the original seven factors of the battery and generated support for an eighth dimension composed of items that reflected leisure activities. The use of these global risk indicators are discussed as part of a practical and effective assessment battery for professionals working with court-involved youth and their families.

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SHEAR, WILLIAM A., et WILLIAM P. LEONARD. « Additions to the milliped family Caseyidae. I. Caseya richarti, n. sp., and new records of previously described species in the genus Caseya Cook and Collins 1895 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Caseyidae) ». Zootaxa 1524, n^o 1 (9 juillet 2007) : 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1524.1.2.

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Caseya richarti, n. sp., from King Co., Washington, USA, is described from two nearby localities in King County, Washington (state), USA. The genus Caseya Cook and Collins 1895, which now includes 25 species and subspecies, occurs from Los Angeles Co, California, USA, north through the Sierra Nevada and Coast Ranges nearly to the Canadian border. New records are given expanding the range of C. borealis Gardner and Shelley 1989 in Washington, and further new records are provided for Caseya megasoma Gardner and Shelley 1989, C. dorada (Chamberlin 1941), C. heteropa disjuncta Gardner and Shelley 1989, C. heteropa oraria Gardner and Shelley 1989, and C. heteropa montana Gardner and Shelley 1989. Additional notes are provided on gonopod nomenclature and the status of subspecies in Caseya.

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Prusinowska-Marek, Alina. « Praktyka sądowa w zakresie realizacji zasady tymczasowości pieczy zastępczej ». Prawo w Działaniu 40 (2019) : 43–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32041/pwd.4002.

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The Family and Guardianship Code (FGC) guarantees in Article 100 that parents should receive assistance from courts and other public authorities in proper exercise of their parental authority over the child. The aim of such assistance should be to remove obstacles that prevent parents from exercising their authority or render it difficult. It is only when – despite the assistance and support provided to the families – a situation whereby the child’s interests are threatened persists or the threat to such interests becomes serious that the guardianship court decides to place the child outside his/her family in accordance with Article 112(3) (1) FGC. The family support and alternative care system which has existed since 2012 is based, on the axiological plane, on the constitutional principle of state subsidiarity, on respect for the rights of the child, as set forth in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and on recognition of the agency of the child and of the family. A child placed in alternative care has, among other rights, the right to be brought up in family-based forms of alternative care, to return to his/her [biological] family, to maintain personal contact with parents, and to have a stable upbringing environment. Alternative care lasts as long as the reasons why it was applied by the guardianship court persist. Therefore, as a rule, it is a temporary solution, rather than the target one. The guardianship court and the poviat (county) units in charge of organization of alternative care placements have a statutory duty to regularly assess the situation of a child placed in care and to check whether the child can return to parental care, that is, whether the family can be reintegrated. In 2018, the Institute of Justice was commissioned by the Ministry of Justice to implement (using quantitative and qualitative methods) a research project titled ‘Court Practice in the Field of Implementing the Principle of Temporary Nature of Alternative Care’, whose aim was to check empirically the actual court practices as regards implementing the principle introduced by Article 112(4) FGC.

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Meyer, Luanna. « Family History : Fact Versus Fiction ». Genealogy 4, n^o 2 (1 avril 2020) : 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy4020044.

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Current interest in genealogy and family history has soared, but the research journey may be fraught. Original intentions may be inhibited and inevitably altered as the actual historical details are revealed and documented through recorded evidence. While liberties may be taken with memoir and even autobiography, critical family history requires scrutiny of the lived events uncovered—some of which may be in sharp contrast to family myths passed down through generations. I traveled to three states and conducted archival research in local libraries, court houses, historical county archives, and museums in my search for original sources of authentic information about the names listed on a family tree over centuries. This article reports on how and why research on the genealogy of two families joined by marriage shifted from a straightforward recording of chronological facts to the development of a novel. The case can be made that fiction provides an effective and engaging tool for the elaboration of interconnected lives through the addition of historical context, enriching personal details, and imagined dialogue. Key accuracies needed for a critical family history can be preserved but in a genre that enables characters and their stories to come to life.

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Shrier, Diane, Sue K. Simring, Judith B. Greif, Edith T. Shapiro et Jacob J. Lindenthal. « Child Custody Arrangements : A Study of two New Jersey Counties ». Journal of Psychiatry & ; Law 17, n^o 1 (mars 1989) : 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009318538901700103.

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The current prevalence of joint custody awarded in New Jersey, where joint custody is an option, was estimated through a review of 567 family court records covering 1985–87 from two New Jersey counties where divorce decrees involving minor children had been issued. A rate of 11% was found in the county that ranked among the lowest in per capita income and of 19.5% in the county that ranked most affluent in New Jersey–-significantly greater than the estimated 5% of joint custody awarded in New Jersey in 1978. However, in California, where a presumption for joint custody had existed, a study of two counties found that 58% of parents divorcing in 1985 sought joint custody. In both states the predominant mode of joint custody was joint legal custody with physical custody to the mother.

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Zheng, Nanzi, Karen M. Abram, Leah J. Welty, David A. Aaby, Nicholas S. Meyerson et Linda A. Teplin. « Nonfatal Firearm Injury and Firearm Mortality in High-risk Youths and Young Adults 25 Years After Detention ». JAMA Network Open 6, n^o 4 (21 avril 2023) : e238902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.8902.

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ImportanceYouths, especially Black and Hispanic males, are disproportionately affected by firearm violence. Yet, no epidemiologic studies have examined the incidence rates of nonfatal firearm injury and firearm mortality in those who may be at greatest risk—youths who have been involved with the juvenile justice system.ObjectivesTo examine nonfatal firearm injury and firearm mortality in youths involved with the juvenile justice system and to compare incidence rates of firearm mortality with the general population.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe Northwestern Juvenile Project is a 25-year prospective longitudinal cohort study of 1829 youths after juvenile detention in Chicago, Illinois. Youths were randomly sampled by strata (sex, race and ethnicity, age, and legal status [juvenile or adult court]) at intake from the Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center. Participants were interviewed at baseline (November 1995 to June 1998) and reinterviewed as many as 13 times over 16 years, through February 2015. Official records on mortality were collected through December 2020. Data analysis was conducted from November 2018 to August 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresParticipants self-reported nonfatal firearm injuries. Firearm deaths were identified from county and state records and collateral reports. Data on firearm deaths in the general population were obtained from the Illinois Department of Public Health. Population counts were obtained from the US census.ResultsThe baseline sample of 1829 participants included 1172 (64.1%) males and 657 (35.9%) females; 1005 (54.9%) Black, 524 (28.6%) Hispanic, 296 (16.2%) non-Hispanic White, and 4 (0.2%) from other racial and ethnic groups (mean [SD] age, 14.9 [1.4] years). Sixteen years after detention, more than one-quarter of Black (156 of 575 [27.1%]) and Hispanic (103 of 387 [26.6%]) males had been injured or killed by firearms. Males had 13.6 (95% CI, 8.6-21.6) times the rate of firearm injury or mortality than females. Twenty-five years after the study began, 88 participants (4.8%) had been killed by a firearm. Compared with the Cook County general population, most demographic groups in the sample had significantly higher rates of firearm mortality (eg, rate ratio for males, 2.8; 95% CI, 2.0-3.9; for females: 6.5; 95% CI, 3.0-14.1; for Black males, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.7-3.7; for Hispanic males, 9.6; 95% CI, 6.2-15.0; for non-Hispanic White males, 23.0; 95% CI, 11.7-45.5).Conclusions and RelevanceThis is the first study to examine the incidence of nonfatal firearm injury and firearm mortality in youths who have been involved with the juvenile justice system. Reducing firearm injury and mortality in high-risk youths and young adults requires a multidisciplinary approach involving legal professionals, health care professionals, educators, street outreach workers, and public health researchers.

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WHITE, ARIEL. « Family Matters ? Voting Behavior in Households with Criminal Justice Contact ». American Political Science Review 113, n^o 2 (27 décembre 2018) : 607–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055418000862.

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Contact with the criminal legal system has been shown to reduce individuals’ political participation, but its effect on friends and family members is less clear. Do people who see loved ones arrested or incarcerated become mobilized to change the system, or do they withdraw from political life? I address this question using administrative data from one large county, identifying registered voters who live with someone facing misdemeanor charges. Court records and vote histories allow me to accurately measure proximate criminal justice exposure and voting for a broader sample of people than survey data would. Using case timing for arrests shortly before and shortly after the election allows me to avoid bias from omitted variables. I find evidence of a short-term demobilization effect for people who see household members convicted or jailed in the weeks before the election, but no evidence of a lasting turnout effect from these experiences.

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Hunter, Antwain K. « “In the Exercise of a Sound Discretion, Who, of This Class of Persons, Shall Have a Right to the License…” : Family, Race, and Firearms in Antebellum North Carolina ». Journal of Family History 44, n^o 4 (18 juillet 2019) : 392–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363199019863839.

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In 1841, North Carolina passed a law requiring free black people to acquire firearm licenses from their county court. This essay argues that the license requirement forced free black people to rely on their families’ support to access firearms, which sits contrary to the “individual right” framework that firearms are often viewed through. Family members helped free black people to construct racial identities, highlight trustworthiness, connect individuals to patrons and professional networks, and manage legal fees, all in pursuit of firearm access. This essay contributes to our understanding of antebellum black families and their connections to their broader interracial communities.

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L., J. F. « BOY HARMED BY LEAD TO GET $1.5 MILLION IN COURT SETTLEMENT ». Pediatrics 94, n^o 4 (1 octobre 1994) : 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.94.4.557.

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A 5-year old boy who was poisoned by lead during his landlord's attempts to clear his apartment of lead-based paint will receive up to $1.5 million over his lifetime from the landlord's insurance company. The boy has attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. In reports filed with the Milwaukee County Circuit Court, doctors said the disorder had either been caused by the lead poisoning or had been made worse by it. ...In the summer of 1991, the city health department discovered that the boy's blood contained lead levels that were three times the Federal health standard. In June 1992, the city ordered the owners of the apartment building, a converted 65-year-old frame house, to begin removing the lead-based paint. But instead of alleviating the victim's problem, their scraping of the paint spread lead dust throughout the home. As a result, lead levels increased to eight times the Federal standard. The family sued, contending negligence.

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Andersen, Stacy L., Seho Park, Nicole Roth, Paola Sebastiani, Megan Barker, Zhiwei Zheng, Sanford Auerbach Auerbach, Stephanie Cosentino, Rhoda Au et David J. Libon. « 95 Delving Beyond the Test Score : Linguistic Markers of Cognitive Impairment on Paragraph Recall ». Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (novembre 2023) : 766–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723009529.

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Objective:Cognitive tests requiring spoken responses, such as paragraph recall, are rich in cognitive-related information that is not captured using traditional scoring methods. This study aimed to determine if linguistic features embedded in spoken responses may differentiate between individuals who are and are not cognitively impaired.Participants and Methods:Participants in the Long Life Family Study completed a neuropsychological assessment which included the WMS-R Logical Memory I paragraph recall. For a subset of participants (N=709), test responses were digitally recorded and manually transcribed. We used Linguistic Inquiry Word Count, a text analysis program, to quantify word counts, grammatical features (e.g, prepositions, verb tenses), and the use of content words related to specific semantic categories (e.g., work-related, numbers) for immediate (IR) and delayed recall (DR). We used regression models with Generalized Estimating Equations adjusted by age, sex, education, and within-family correlation to select features associated with cognitive status (normal cognition [NC] versus cognitive impairment [CI]; Bonferroni-corrected threshold p<0.001). Next, we developed a “polyfeature score” (PFS) for both immediate and delayed recall, each calculated as a weighted sum of the selected linguistic features. We then built a logistic regression model to evaluate the predictive value of each PFS for identifying cognitively impaired individuals. In secondary analyses, we used regression models as above to identify features associated with mild cognitive impairment subtype (amnestic [aMCI] versus nonamnestic [naMCI]; threshold p< .05).Results:The sample included 599 participants with NC and 110 with CI (mean age = 72.3 ± 11.0 years, 54% female). The regression identified 8 linguistic features for IR and 7 for DR that significantly predicted cognitive status. Decreased use of content words related to work (e.g., employed, school, police) and biological processes (e.g., cook, cafeteria, eat) and the use of negations (e.g., no, not, can’t) were predictive of cognitive impairment in both recall conditions. In contrast, the use of other content word categories were predictive of cognitive status in only one recall condition (IR: leisure, cognitive processes, space; DR: drives, number). The use of fewer prepositions in IR, more first-person pronouns in DR, and fewer words in the past tense in DR were each associated with cognitive impairment. Word count was not predictive of cognitive status. Both PFSs were highly associated with cognitive status (PFS_IR ß= 0.74, p< 0.001; PFS_DR ß= 0.86, p= 0.001) with high discriminative value (PFS_IR AUC= 0.93, sensitivity = 0.81, specificity= 0.91; PFS_DR AUC= 0.95, sensitivity= 0.77, specificity= 0.88). In the CI subset, linguistic features differed between those classified as aMCI (n= 24) and naMCI (n= 40). Two function word categories predicted aMCI in IR whereas decreased word count, two function word categories, and two content word categories predicted aMCI in DR (all p< .05)Conclusions:Linguistic features from paragraph recall provide high predictive value for classifying cognitive status increasing its potential as a cognitive screener in clinical settings. Additionally, each recall condition identified unique linguistic features associated with cognitive impairment which may aid differentiation of cognitive impairment subtypes and elucidate processes underlying deficits in learning and recall.

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Gyetvainé Balogh, Ágnes. « Construction History and Research of the Holy Trinity Parish Church in Szigetmonostor ». Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 52, n^o 1 (3 mai 2021) : 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.16946.

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The church of Szigetmonostor, together with the parish building in front, and the late chanter house next to it, is the characteristic complex of its environment. Its plan with the middle tower façade solution is a classic example of Baroque church architecture of the eighteenth century. The most valuable part of the building is the late Baroque pulpit renovated while keeping its original appearance.Szigetmonostor – earlier Monostor – a municipality in Pest County on the Szentendre Island came into the possession of the Zichy family after the Turkish rule. In the 1730s, Ferenc Zichy put the tenure in pawn to Gábor Horányi, a servant judge in Pest County, who started greater developments here by building a castle (today the parish) and a church in the 1740s. The tower was built in front of the main façade a few years after the completion of the nave. The Vienna Court Chamber acquired the manor from the Zichy family in 1766 after a long lawsuit, also redeeming Monostor from the Horányi family. In 1774, the master masons Mihály János Hamon and Jakab Gföller were commissioned to survey the buildings of the manor, which came into the possession of the Crown from the Zichys. Their survey plans illustrate the church with the small teaching house and church garden next to it. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the church underwent several renewals and renovations and minor alterations that could be tracked with the help of records and Canonica Visitatios.

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Naftal Omonywa Mecheo. « Factors influencing generation of domestic solid wastes in Kisii Town, Kenya ». International Journal of Scientific Research Updates 4, n^o 1 (30 septembre 2022) : 322–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53430/ijsru.2022.4.1.0057.

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Domestic solid waste management (DSW) has been a critical problem in many urban centres in developing countries, including in middle sized towns. This paper investigates the factors influencing the generation of domestic solid waste in residential estates of Kisii town. The specific objective of the study included: to investigate the factors influencing the generation of DSW in residential estates in Kisii town. A mixed methodology approach was taken into consideration. A data sample of 110 households was obtained using the multi stage stratified sampling method from a target population of 20,000 households. Data collection methods of the sampled size involved the use of questionnaires to the householders and direct interviews to county officers in charge of DSW and observation integrated with photography. Data analysis was carried out using methods such as use of tables, use of graphs through SPSS, and other descriptive statistics such as the use of the measures of central tendency were taken into consideration. The results found that various factors including the size of the family 83.7% and the level of income 9.7% influenced the generation of domestic solid waste in the residential areas. In conclusion various factors influence the generation of DSW and the major one is family size. It is therefore recommended that, residents should be sensitized to purchase and cook what they can consume to reduce the excesses which surmount to DSW especially food remains.

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hillman, jimmye. « What We Ate Back Then ». Gastronomica 9, n^o 2 (2009) : 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2009.9.2.57.

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While I was growing up on a subsistence farm in Greene County, Mississippi, food was something we ate three times a day in order to survive and be healthy, and to provide energy for farm labor. Food was important to our family social life. Barbecues and watermelon cutting come to mind as ceremonies. With a mixture of tales, folklore and parable, the occasional delicacy captured our emotions. Father was chief provider, Mother was cook and dispenser, and we children had growing appetites. I was perpetually worried as to how my poor father was going to secure our food. Mother baked fresh cornbread, and grits was always on the breakfast table, even on Sunday. I could read on Mother's face a persistent anxiety as she prepared and served what was available to her. The dishes were far from sensuous, but they were edible and nutritious. Despite periodic hardships in the 1930s, the Hillman family never really went hungry. Gardens were the secret. That was long before the food processors and distributors had become so dominant in our lives, and before most cookbooks were written. We were hopeful there would always be something on the dining table, but there was uncertainty about what it would be. A local joke was: There's always collards, squirrel, catfish, or possum——and grits!!

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Balogh, Máté. « Egy kimagasló szervitori karrier ». „Végek dicsérete” - Bégek, kapitányok, katonák 38, n^o 4 (1 décembre 2023) : 30–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/aetas.2023.4.30-49.

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This study aims to examine the details of the relationship between Ferenc Káldy Sr of Felsőkáld, a nobleman from Western Transdanubia, and his overlord, Ádám I. Batthyány. Káldy had significant wealth from a young age, and he was active in the public life of Vas county throughout his whole life. Some of his significant career achievements include becoming the vice captain of Pápa, being the commander of the private army of the Batthyány family from 1634, and serving as the vice captain of the Transdanubian district from 1637. He couldn’t have achieved these positions and influence, however, without the support of the Batthyány family. Ferenc Káldy’s success can largely be attributed to his prominent role in the Batthyány court, as well as his exceptional professional skills. Many of his letters are still accessible today, which gives us the opportunity not just to study this relationship between overlord and confidante, which had an important societal function at the time, but we could also learn new information about the organization and leadership of the private armies of the nobility. Ádám I. Batthyány appreciated his servitor, Káldy’s service yielded significant financial gain and security for him. At the time of his death on 29 May 1648 the most successful member of the Káldy family of Felsőkáld was close to ascending to high nobility, in terms of both wealth and political influence. While his career was somewhat atypical considering the positions he held, it can still be concluded that for nobles with medium holdings, the path to political and financial success usually leads through the court of a magnate.

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Kennedy, Tom D., W. Alex Edmonds, Danielle H. Millen et David Detullio. « Chronic Juvenile Offenders : Exploring Risk Factor Models of Recidivism ». Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice 17, n^o 2 (1 mai 2018) : 174–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541204018770517.

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This study examined the relationship between known risk factors for youthful offenders and rates of recidivism using Poisson regression models. The sample consisted of 564 male and female juvenile offenders referred to the Juvenile Court Assessment Center (JCAC) by the Juvenile Justice Division of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit of Miami-Dade County. First, data from a clinical interview and the administration of the Wide Range Achievement Test were factor analyzed. Six factors were found to be statistically significant based on a parallel analyses. Neighborhood factors explained the largest amount of variance followed by peer influence, family functioning, gang involvement, substance use, and academic achievement. These six domains were analyzed in separate Poisson regression models. Family-wise error rate was controlled with Bonferroni adjustments. Each model predicting number of arrests from academic performance, substance use, peer influence, gang involvement, and neighborhood factors were statistically significant. The final model including all variables across the six domains indicated good fit, χ2(14) = 201.260, p < .001. Implications stemming from these findings are discussed.

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Kessell, Barbara. « More than Service-Learning : What I Learned About Me, and You, and Them. Relationships Matter. » Undergraduate Journal of Service Learning & ; Community-Based Research 2 (22 novembre 2013) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.56421/ujslcbr.v2i0.119.

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Here I was, a 48-year-old, recently divorced woman, returning to school to finally finish a college degree. As part of my Ethics requirement for an undergraduate degree in Psychology, I enrolled in the course Self, Community, and Service: Thinking and Action for Ethical Being. I teamed up with a community partner, Marin YMCA Youth Court as a Case Manager. My role as Case Manager was to help troubled teens who had broken the law. The Marin County Youth Court is an innovative restorative justice alternative to the traditional juvenile justice system. It is an early intervention program for first-time misdemeanor offenders. The program is designed to give youth between the ages of ten and seventeen, who have broken the law and admitted their guilt, a second chance. If the offender completes his/her sanctions within three months, his/her juvenile record is cleared. The Case Manager’s responsibilities include attending the youth’s hearing and meeting with the youth and his/her family immediately following the hearing. The Case Manager helps the youth find a non-punitive community service opportunity, ensures the youth attends all sanctioned youth court meetings, and makes weekly contact with the youth (usually via telephone) until completion of the sanctions, including community service hours. I had no idea what I was getting myself into. I assumed this would be just another hurdle to jump over in my efforts to finish my college degree. It turned out to be so much more.

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Zubanych, Laslov. « L. Zubanych. Private correspondence as a historical source of early modern times – on the example of letters of Janos (X) Drugeth and Anna Yakushich ». Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series : History, n^o 2 (45) (25 décembre 2021) : 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.2(45).2021.247217.

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In this study we are dealing with a personal correspondence that happened during the first half of the 17th century. We are analyzing the correspondence of the representatives of the Drugeth family (János Drugeth and his wife Anna Jakusith) by paying particular attention to the analysis of the people, events and background-information appearing in these letters. The detailed examination of the contents of the given letters shows that if we are familiar with the contemporary events and personal relations and have access to some necessary additional sources, we can make appropriate conclusions even from relatively sparse information. The archives of the Homonnai Drugeth family could not be saved as a complex document through different historical hardships. Its smaller parts can be found in the archives of the ducal branch of Esterházi family at the Presov Archives. Thanks to their personal relationship with Ádám Batthyány several letters of János Drugeth and Anna Jakusith survived in the Batthyány archives. The family archives of the different correspondences serve as particularly important sources and documents of the given ages since they contain social historical, economic and political information in addition to local/personal data. Without them no historian could write the history of a family or a landlord and of a county. In his doctoral thesis on the actual period, historian Zoltán Borbély writes the following words: „With families having better resources such as the Batthyány-, the Nádasdy- or the Esterházi families there are researches dealing with a deeper focus on court, estate, art and cultural history many times within the framework of an interdisciplinary research group. In addition to the processing of a certain family history a complex examination of the noble society of the Western Transdanubian region has also begun. Within this examination in parallel with the study of the stratification of the noble society, some inspiring results were obtained in connection with the regional role of a noble family, their role in the administrative system of the county and millitary affairs, their family relations and last but not least, about their lands. One of the aims of this study is to show the event and family history aspects related to their textual parts via two personal letters and to illustrate the style of the contemporary aristocratic correspondence. In our view the study has once again contributed to learn about a small piece of the Drugeth family’s history and to clarify some historical «rumors».

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Thompson, Michael D., Melissa Reuland et Daniel Souweine. « Criminal Justice/Mental Health Consensus : Improving Responses to People With Mental Illness ». Crime & ; Delinquency 49, n^o 1 (janvier 2003) : 30–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128702239234.

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This article summarizes the impetus for and findings of the Criminal Justice/Mental Health Consensus Project. This project has been a 2-year effort to develop recommendations, which reflect a bipartisan agreement among the stakeholders in the criminal justice and mental health systems to improve the response to people with mental illness who are involved with—or are at risk of involvement with—the criminal justice system. Stakeholders involved in consultations for the project included state lawmakers, police chiefs, officers, sheriffs, district attorneys, public defenders, judges, court administrators, state corrections directors, community corrections officials, victim advocates, consumers of mental health services, family members and other mental health advocates, county commissioners, state mental health directors, behavioral health care providers, and substance abuse experts. The success of the project will hinge largely on how effectively these flexible guidelines are shaped and molded to meet the particular needs within various jurisdictions throughout the country.

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Bainham, Andrew. « TAKING CHILDREN ABROAD : HUMAN RIGHTS, WELFARE AND THE COURTS ». Cambridge Law Journal 60, n^o 3 (21 novembre 2001) : 441–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197301371192.

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One of the more drastic results of marital breakdown can occur where a mother decides to leave the country permanently and relocate with a child. Such cases can pose an acute dilemma where, as in Payne v. Payne [2001] 1 F.L.R. 1052, the father has enjoyed substantial contact with the child which is bound to be severely curtailed (if not entirely destroyed) by the mother’s relocation on the other side of the world. Here the mother, a New Zealander, had been ordered by a New Zealand court to return the child to England, following her “wrongful retention” there, under the Hague Convention which governs international child abduction. In the present proceedings she sought leave to return home to her original family with her four-year-old daughter. The father had substantial staying contact, which was sufficiently extensive that it might almost be termed “time-sharing”, and he countered with an application for a residence order. It was not in dispute that the child had an exceptionally good relationship with the father and with the paternal relatives in Newmarket. The mother, who by this time had grown to loathe her home in London, was adamant that she could only provide the child with a happy and secure upbringing if allowed to return to New Zealand. The father unsuccessfully opposed her application in the Cambridge County Court but appealed on the basis that the settled principle applied by the courts was in breach of the European Convention on Human Rights and in conflict with the Children Act 1989. The essence of the argument was that the Convention enshrined a right of contact between parent and child as an aspect of respect for family life under Article 8 and that the Children Act also required much greater significance to be attached to the preservation of such contact.

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Alexander, Jonathan, et Susan C. Jarratt. « Rhetorical Education and Student Activism ». College English 76, n^o 6 (1 juillet 2014) : 525–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ce201425461.

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On February 8, 2010, eleven student activists at the University of California–Irvine protested a speech by Michael Oren, Israel’s ambassador to the United States. The disruptive nature of the protest by these students—advocates of Palestinian de-occupation and members of the Muslim Student Union—led to disciplinary action against their student organization and criminal prosecution in the local county court for disturbing the peace. This essay offers the results of an interview-based study exploring the rhetorical education of five of these college activists. The interviews reveal the powerful influence of family histories of activism and thoughtful reflections on the rhetorical dynamics of the Middle East conflict within local, national, and international publics. They also show student awareness of the limitations of the liberal-deliberative rhetorics that underpin most college writing courses. That students reported only a tenuous sense of connection between college courses and self-sponsored activist education suggests that teachers and scholars of rhetoric and composition may need to give cocurricular activism more consideration in the next phase of the “social turn.”

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Knight, Bob G., Seungyoun Kim, Sarah Rastegar, Scott Jones, Victoria Jump et Serena Wong. « Influences on the perception of elder financial abuse among older adults in Southern California ». International Psychogeriatrics 28, n^o 1 (4 mai 2015) : 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610215000587.

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ABSTRACTBackground:Under-reporting of elder financial abuse is partly due to failure of those around the victim to perceive the financial mistreatment as abuse. This study explored the effect of victim and perceiver factors on perception of elder financial abuse in the context of Routine Activity Theory (RAT).Methods:488 older adults in Ventura County (CA) were surveyed about financial abuse using vignette method. In the study's Vignette 1, the amount of money taken, the type of frailty, and the relationship of perpetrator and victim were manipulated. In Vignette 2, the victim's age and relationship of perpetrator and victim were manipulated. Respondents’ demographics (age, gender, education, and ethnicity) were collected.Results:Logistic regression analyses revealed that children of the victim were least likely to be seen as committing abuse in both vignettes. In Vignette 1, there was an interaction of gender of respondent and the amount of money taken. In Vignette 2, non-Whites were less likely to perceive the signing over of the house as financial abuse. Respondents endorsed the concept of a special court with expertize in elder abuse as a way to increase the likelihood that they would report.Conclusions:Even though most financial abuse is perpetrated by family members, older adults are less likely to perceive a financial situation as abuse when it involves a child of the victim, thus making reporting and prevention less likely. The support for a specialty Elder Abuse Court (EAC) suggests that some reluctance to report is based on misgivings about punishing the perpetrator.

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Posunko, Olha. « Novomoskovsk in the Court Materials of the Last Quarter of the 18th and the First Half of the 19th Centuries ». Roxolania Historĭca = Historical Roxolania 2 (28 décembre 2019) : 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/30190209.

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Novomoskovsk is the city in the Dnipro Ukraine, for which the period of the late 18th and the first half of the 19th century became very significant. This is the beginning of the city in its modern sense, the beginning of many institutions functioning, the time of inclusion in the new administrative-territorial system within the Russian Empire. The specified period due to many objective circumstances is not sufficiently provided with scientific sources, and therefore requires the use of all possible archival materials. This article describes the information capabilities of the forensic documentation of the above-mentioned chronological boundaries for the study of the history of Novomoskovsk and Novomoskovsk district. Attention should be paid to the descriptions of the lost funds of the Novomoskovsk Lower Zemsky court, the Novomoskovsk and Pavlograd Lower Reprisal, Novomoskovsk District Court, and the Novomoskovsk City Hall, which were stored in the State Archives of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. These materials often mention the names of famous landowners in the county: Rodzianko, Alekseev, Gersevanova, Kochubey, Faleeva, Miloradovich, Losev, Mizko, Magdenka. Brief information about them in the names of the cases makes it possible to follow (at least partially) the history of ownership, sales, inheritance of the place; conflict situations they were involved in or their peasants. As a separate example, the case of the Yekaterinoslav Chamber of Civil Cases of 1810–1811 is presented by the inhabitant of Novomoskovsk Anna Skalon. The noble family of French descent, Skalon, is associated with the region, some of the new evidence presents this trial of the dispute over the legacy of her husband, Fyodor Scalon. Particular attention should be paid to the report on the inspection of the cities of Yekaterinoslav province in 1833 by the order of the governor N. Longinov. This document captures the following facts: in 1833, 7 096 peoples lived in Novomoskovsk (slightly less than in the province of Yekaterinoslav); there were 1 429 wooden houses in the city; 65 merchants. The report also contains information about the hospital, the prison of the city; characterizes the work of various institutions; gives an idea of the level of crime in the county. It was concluded that the documents of the judicial institutions of Yekaterinoslav region should be involved in the study of various problems of regional history.

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Brennan, Karen M. « “A Fine Mixture of Pity and Justice:” The Criminal Justice Response to Infanticide in Ireland, 1922–1949 ». Law and History Review 31, n^o 4 (24 octobre 2013) : 793–841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248013000436.

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MH, a domestic cook who was 26 years of age, was charged with murdering her newborn infant in September 1931. MH had been “seeing a boy” who, she stated, “took advantage” of her on one occasion, procuring her consent to sexual intercourse by a promise of marriage. She claimed that she only realized she was pregnant during the later months of her pregnancy, but did not inform the father of her child. Her employer, suspecting that MH was pregnant, enquired on several occasions whether she could do anything to help, but MH did not admit her “condition.” Although her employer was aware that MH had no family or home to go to, she gave MH notice to quit her job. A couple of weeks later, MH gave birth in her bedroom at her employer's home; she did not call out for assistance or disturb the girl with whom she shared the bedroom. MH admitted in her statement that the baby cried after birth and that she “tied a white dress belt … around its neck to kill it,” adding: “I tied it [the belt] tight. I killed the child and I know I killed it.” Afterwards, MH put the body in a suitcase, cleaned up the bloodstains, and returned to work. The suspicions of her employer eventually lead to the discovery of the dead infant. The postmortem examination showed that the infant had been born alive, but had received no attention at birth; death was the result of strangulation. MH was acquitted of murder at the Central Criminal Court.

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Wieczorek, Anna. « Territorial self-government and “LGBT-free zones” ». MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne Special Edition 2022, Special Edition 2022 (2022) : 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21858/msr.se.2022.04.

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Several dozen of self-governments – municipal and county councils and regional assemblies passed resolutions and declarations against the LGBT ideology. The authors of these documents emphasized the will to protect the family based on traditional values and to defend the education system against LGBT propaganda/ideology. Opponents warned against the stigmatization of non-heteronormative people. The guideline for the above-mentioned documents became the “Local Government Charter of Family Rights”, published in 2019. Signs “LGBT-free zone” have appeared at the entrances to areas administered by self-governments that have adopted such declarations or resolutions. The dispute has become increasingly wide-ranging and has involved the media, the courts, the prosecutor’s office, the Ombudsman, the European Parliament, and the European Commission. The author of this article does not take sides. He merely believes that unnecessary quarrels harms our country. To demonstrate the absurdness of the argument over “LGBT-free zones”, the article refers to: – the selected documents relating to local government (declarations, resolutions, court judgments) and the “Local Government Charter of Family Rights” – generally binding acts of law relating to the self-government, family and educational tasks; – biographies of people (e.g. writers) who should be considered positive in Polish and World history, despite their complicated family life. The selection of the analyzed data can be considered subjective. The author chose the documents of local governments of Małopolska and Beskid Mountains, because he considers the areas managed by them to be very attractive for tourists – he likes to spend holidays in Cracow, Zakopane and Beskid Śląski and Żywiecki, e.g. in Koniaków and Żywiec. The reading list for secondary schools, adopted by the Minister of National Education, determined the selection of writers’ biographies. The choice of the others was determined by the uniqueness of their biographies and the impact on the history of Poland and the world. Finishing work on the article in March 2022, the author consciously introduced the theme of Ukraine.

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Devlin, Donna Rae. « A “Hired Girl” Testifies Against the “Son of a Prominent Family” : Bastardy and Rape on the Nineteenth-Century Nebraska Plains ». Western Historical Quarterly 53, n^o 1 (13 décembre 2021) : 25–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/whq/whab127.

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Abstract In Red Cloud, Nebraska, in 1887, Anna “Annie” Sadilek (later Pavelka) pressed bastardy charges against the “son of a prominent family,” even though she could have, according to her pre-trial testimony, pressed charges for rape. To the literary world, Sadilek is better known as Ántonia Shimerda, the powerful protagonist in Willa Cather’s 1918 novel, My Ántonia. However, it is Sadilek’s real-life experience that allows us to better understand life on the Nebraska Plains, specifically through an examination of the state’s rape laws and the ways these laws were subsequently interpreted by the courts. The Nebraska Supreme Court, between 1877 and 1886, established the need for the state to prove force as a primary component of the definition for rape, drew boundaries around acceptable reporting times, and solidified their stance on the requirement of corroborating testimony. These factors led Sadilek to charge Charley Kaley not with rape but with bastardy, a civil suit, which almost guaranteed a successful outcome for Sadilek and her child because it would not burden the county or state with their financial welfare. In analyzing Sadilek’s choices before the law, this article demonstrates the complexities of the gendered legal systems facing women like Sadilek who sought justice for crimes of a sexual nature. Additionally significant, this article draws attention to a space and place that lacks significant study in regard to the sexual power dynamics of the nineteenth-century Great Plains West, a multicultural contact zone highly susceptible to the influences of hypermasculine control.

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Boyce, Geoffrey Alan, et Sarah Launius. « The Household Financial Losses Triggered by an Immigration Arrest, and How State and Local Government Can Most Effectively Protect Their Constituents ». Journal on Migration and Human Security 8, n^o 4 (décembre 2020) : 301–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331502420973976.

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Through a survey of 125 long-term resident households in Pima County, Arizona, this study finds that an immigration arrest costs each household an average of more than $24,000. These costs accumulate through the value of assets seized and not recovered, out-of-pocket costs for hiring an attorney, immigration bond, and other expenses involved in supporting an immediate family member as they navigate the immigration court system. But they also include lost income due to disruptions to employment resulting from the arrest, and a physical inability to work while in detention, appearing in court, and immediately following deportation. In this article, we discuss how, when measured at the scale of the household, these financial costs fail to discriminate according to immigration or citizenship status, and accumulate to affect issues of poverty, education, housing security, health and development, and generational wealth inequality — all matters of sustained interest to state and local government. In the second half of the article, we draw on our research findings to evaluate various policies that states, counties, and municipalities can implement to mitigate these financial burdens while promoting the overall well-being of their constituents. Policies considered include: The “Immigrant Welcoming City” paradigm The limitation of routine cooperation and custody transfer between local and federal law enforcement Expanding access to permissible forms of identification Universal representation for immigration defendants The cultivation of community bond funds The promotion of worker-owned cooperatives Although these kinds of state or local initiatives cannot replace meaningful federal action on immigration reform, they can do much to provide relief and promote economic security for established immigrant and mixed-status families living in the United States, while contributing to overall community well-being and economic vitality.

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Voloshchuk, Myroslav. « The Court of Rostyslav Mykhailovych, Prince and Dominus of Machou, in Hungary (An Excerpt from a Family History between the Late 13th and Mid 14th Centuries) ». Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 7, n^o 2 (18 novembre 2020) : 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.7.2.42-50.

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One of the least-explored aspects of the biography of the Ruthenian Prince Rostyslav Mykhailovych, a maternal nephew of King Daniel Romanovych of Rus’, is his court in a new homeland, the Kingdom of Hungary, between 1242/43 and 1262/64. It is known from various sources that he had numerous supporters among the secular and clerical nobility not only in Hungary but also in the lands of Galicia, Chernihiv, and Bolokhov. To date, however, too little information has been obtained from historical records containing clear mention of individuals who threw in their lot with the runaway prince in the lands of King Bela IV, especially after the defeat at Yaroslav on August 17, 1245. Having verified chronicles and Hungarian charters, the author concludes that the family of Rostyslav Mykhailovych and Princess Anna might well have been related to Lev and his sons, Fedir and Stephan, who were lords of Borod Land near Mukachevo in Bereg County. These people, who must have been descended from the nobility of Chernihiv or Galicia, succeeded one another in an effort to put Prince Rostyslav himself or his second cousin Iziaslav Volodymyrovych on the Galician throne throughout the 1240s and 1250s, all to no avail. What is important is that such attempts were always timed to coincide with the Mongol threat to the lands of the Romanids, which provided the claimants to the Galician throne with additional (albeit missed) chances of success. Their loyalty to the son-in-law of the Hungarian king was rewarded by the latter’s daughter Anna (terminus ante quem 1264); she granted them lands, which were afterwards in the successive possession of the last members of the Arpad dynasty on the Hungarian throne as well as the new kings from the Anjou dynasty. Borod Land remained in the family’s possession at least until the second half of the 14th century.

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Jain, Shivi, Kireet Agrawal, Shinoj Pattali, Abhijai Singh, Kamal Agrawal, Barbara Cleveland et Michael Russell Mullane. « Multivariate analysis of factors affecting overall survival in minority-based population of young colorectal cancer patients : A single-institution experience. » Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, n^o 15_suppl (20 mai 2012) : e14186-e14186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e14186.

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e14186 Background: Overall survival in colorectal cancer is influenced by obesity, age, gender and stage at diagnosis. However, in minority based populations, effect of the above factors on overall survival has not been studied in any detail. Hence, we undertook this retrospective study to evaluate effect of above factors on overall survival in young colorectal cancer patients. Methods: 1,195 subjects with colorectal cancer treated at John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County between 2000 and 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. 179 subjects with age 50 years and younger were identified. 146 of 179 subjects with available Body Mass Index (BMI) in kg/m2 were included in the study. Effect of BMI, age, sex, race, LDH and CEA levels, stage, site of tumor, smoking and family history on overall survival was evaluated using standard statistical multivariate analysis. Results: In our population, 22 of 146(15%) were underweight (BMI<20), 56 of 146(38.4%) were normal weight (BMI 20-24.9), 46 of 146(31.5%) were overweight (BMI 25-29.9) and 22 of 146(15%) were obese (BMI >30). Male: female ratio was 1.4:1. 75 of 146(51.7%) were African American, 23 of 146(15.9%) were Caucasians. 50 of 146(34.2%) were stage IV colorectal cancer at diagnosis. On univariate analysis, BMI<20(p=0.031, HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.15-3.82), CEA >4ng/ml (p=0.005, HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.21-3.08) and stage IV colorectal cancer (p<0.001, HR 6.1, 95% CI 2.42-15.53) were significantly associated with decreased overall survival. LDH<200 U/L was significantly associated with improved overall survival (p 0.029, HR 0.6, 95% CI 0.391-0.950). On multivariate analysis, stage IV colorectal cancer was a single significant independent predictor of overall survival (p=0.001, 95% CI 2.47-27.78). CEA>4ng/ml was marginally significant for decreased overall survival (p=0.06, 95% CI 0.978-3.015). On the contrary, no statistically significant difference was found on overall survival with age, BMI>20, gender, race, tumor location, smoking and family history. Conclusions: Advanced stage and CEA >4ng/ml are independent prognostic variables for decreased overall survival in minority based population of young colorectal cancer.

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Waters, Ben, et Jeanette Ashton. « A study into situated learning through community legal companionship ». International Journal of Clinical Legal Education 25, n^o 2 (6 septembre 2018) : 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijcle.v25i2.721.

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Against the background of the current graduate skills agenda and its considered importance in relation to a UK law degree, this article considers the value of the CLOCK Community Legal Companion scheme, a collaborative social justice project involving law students, legal services providers, third sector advice agencies and law courts based in two areas of the country namely; Canterbury and Brighton. In recent years, the UK Government has significantly cut civil legal aid in areas such as housing, family and welfare benefits, with a view to easing the strain on the deficit. These cuts have been opposed by many, including lawyers, who have raised concerns that the most vulnerable within our communities could be left unrepresented in court and as a consequence an undue burden placed on our civil justice system. CLOCK therefore provides an opportunity for those within our communities who are caught in the so-called ‘justice gap’, to gain support and guidance from law students when they attend court unrepresented. The findings of a small-scale research project into the perceived benefits of Community Legal Companionship, conducted at two UK law schools; Canterbury Christ Church University and the University of Brighton, indicate that the socio-legal experiential learning opportunities for undergraduate law students presented by such initiatives, are also valuable in terms of legal skills acquisition. The research shows that the scheme not only enables law students to use their legal knowledge for the benefit of their local community, but also through analysis of their own perceptions, demonstrates how such a community-based project can provide undergraduate law students with valuable employability skills. Experiences of setting up a Community Legal Companion scheme, together with an overview of how the scheme operates in the Canterbury and Brighton County Courts, as well as students’ reflections of participating as Community Legal Companions drawn from the empirical qualitative research, are evaluated in this article.

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