Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Fair working condition »
Créez une référence correcte selon les styles APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard et plusieurs autres
Sommaire
Consultez les listes thématiques d’articles de revues, de livres, de thèses, de rapports de conférences et d’autres sources académiques sur le sujet « Fair working condition ».
À côté de chaque source dans la liste de références il y a un bouton « Ajouter à la bibliographie ». Cliquez sur ce bouton, et nous générerons automatiquement la référence bibliographique pour la source choisie selon votre style de citation préféré : APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
Vous pouvez aussi télécharger le texte intégral de la publication scolaire au format pdf et consulter son résumé en ligne lorsque ces informations sont inclues dans les métadonnées.
Articles de revues sur le sujet "Fair working condition"
1
Nishi, Tatsushi, Taichi Sugiyama et Masahiro Inuiguchi. « Two-level decomposition algorithm for crew rostering problems with fair working condition ». European Journal of Operational Research 237, no 2 (septembre 2014) : 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2014.02.010.
Texte intégral
2
Holm, Søren. « Controlled human infection with SARS-CoV-2 to study COVID-19 vaccines and treatments : bioethics in Utopia ». Journal of Medical Ethics 46, no 9 (2 juillet 2020) : 569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2020-106476.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A number of papers have appeared recently arguing for the conclusion that it is ethically acceptable to infect healthy volunteers with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 as part of research projects aimed at developing COVID-19 vaccines or treatments. This position has also been endorsed in a statement by a working group for the WHO. The papers generally argue that controlled human infection (CHI) is ethically acceptable if (1) the risks to participants are low and therefore acceptable, (2) the scientific quality of the research is high, (3) the research has high social value, (4) participants give full informed consent, and (5) there is fair selection of participants. All five conditions are necessary premises in the overall argument that such research is ethically acceptable. The arguments concerning risk and informed consent have already been critically discussed in the literature. This paper therefore looks specifically at the arguments relating to condition 3 ‘high social value’ and condition 5 ‘fair selection of participants’ and shows that whereas they may be valid, they are not sound. It is highly unlikely that the conditions that are necessary for ethical CHI trials to take place will be fulfilled. Most, if not all, CHI trials will thus be well intentioned but unethical.
3
FATOUROU, PANAGIOTA, MARIOS MAVRONICOLAS et PAUL SPIRAKIS. « MAX-MIN FAIR FLOW CONTROL SENSITIVE TO PRIORITIES ». Journal of Interconnection Networks 06, no 02 (juin 2005) : 85–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265905001332.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Flow control is the dominant technique currently used in communication networks for preventing excess traffic from flooding the network, and for handling congestion. In rate-based flow control, transmission rates of sessions are adjusted in an end-to-end manner through a sequence of operations. In this work, we present a theory of max-min fair, rate-based flow control sensitive to priorities of different sessions, as a significant extension of the classical theory of max-min fair, rate-based flow control to networks supporting applications with diverse requirements on network resources. Each individual session bears a priority function, which maps the session's priority to a transmission rate; the priority is a working abstraction of the session's priority to bandwidth access. Priority functions enable the specification of requirements on bandwidth access by distributed applications, and the formal handling of such requirements. We present priority max-min fairness, as a novel and well motivated fairness condition which requires that assigned rates correspond, through the priority functions, to priorities comprising a max-min vector. We also introduce priority bottleneck algorithms gradually update a session's rate until when its priority is restricted on a priority bottleneck edge of the network. We establish a collection of interesting combinatorial properties of priority bottleneck algorithms. Most significantly, we show that they can only converge to priority max-min fairness. As an application of our general theory, we embed priority bottleneck algorithms in the more realistic optimistic framework for rate-based flow control. The optimistic framework allows for both decreases and increases of session rates. We exploit these additionally provided semantics to prove further combinatorial properties for the termination of priority bottleneck algorithms in the optimistic framework. We use these properties to conclude the first optimistic algorithms for efficient, max-min fair, rate-based flow control sensitive to priorities.
4
Das, Mamata, Prerna Khati, Rita Banik, Asmita Bhowmik, Mousumi Chakraborty, Bithi Das, Puja Das et al. « A study to assess the knowledge regarding bio-medical waste management among the staff nurses working in selected hospital, Siliguri ». International Journal of Advances in Medicine 9, no 11 (26 octobre 2022) : 1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20222663.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus, is a major health concern that affects people around the world, and is increasing yearly. When blood glucose levels go below normal, a condition known as hypoglycemia, an immediate consequence of diabetes mellitus, occurs. The International Diabetes Federation reported that there were 451 million diabetics globally in 2017 and by 2045, it is anticipated that there will be 693 million. The objective of this study was to assess the level of knowledge of diabetic patient regarding hypoglycaemia and to find out the association between the levels of knowledge of diabetic patient on hypoglycaemia with their selected demographic variable.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, was carried out in the month of June 2022. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview 100 study participants who were diabetes patients who had been admitted to the medical ward and who had visited the endocrinology outpatient department.Results: 52% of the samples had fair knowledge on hypoglycemia, while 23% of them had poor knowledge. Demographic variable such as age, income, treatment, frequency of taking medicine, experience of symptoms of hypoglycemia and dietary habit were statistically significant with the level of knowledge, p<0.05.Conclusions: The study's findings highlighted the fact that most diabetes mellitus patients had a fair understanding of hypoglycemia. The health care personnel should also take time and efforts to educate patients about the sign of hypoglycemia. So that hypoglycemic episodes and morbidity could be reduced or prevented at primordial level.
5
Syaebani, Muhammad Irfan, et Riani Rachmawati. « Romance in the Workplace : Analysis of Justice Perception toward Policies Concerning Romance in the Workplace ». Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan | Journal of Theory and Applied Management 10, no 2 (5 octobre 2017) : 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jmtt.v10i2.4509.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Romance in the workplace is a common phenomenon and inevitable from organization dynamics. Romance in the workplace has double effects to the organization: positive and negative. Therefore, organization must be careful in formulating policies concerning this phenomenon. Literature said that in formulation policies concerning romance in the workplace it must be started from organizational justice theory. This research tries to find out what policies which perceived as the most fair. Quasi experiment method with scenario instrument is chosen. This method allows experiment subjects to give response to different combinations/varieties of romance in the workplace based on 4 criterias (type of romance – origin of couple – impact of romance – romance policies). Subject of experiment is master students of management study program in Universitas Indonesia who has working experiences as condition for participating and 30 students agreed to partake in experiment. Result shows that giving counseling is perceived as the most fair policy for all combinations/varieties of romance in the workplace. It shows that organization’s response to romance in the workplace should not coercive policies.
6
Pérez-de la Cruz, Sagrario, Ivonne Ramírez et César Maldonado. « Factors and Beliefs that Condition the Attitude of Health Science Students towards End of Life in Spain and Bolivia : A Multicenter Study ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no 17 (1 septembre 2020) : 6373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176373.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Health Science students in Spain and Bolivia should be trained in the management of the processes of death and dying of patients. The aim of this study was to examine the degree of training, self-perceived safety and preferences in relation to the care of terminal and non-terminal patients. It was a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study with students of Medicine, Nursing and Physiotherapy in Spain and Bolivia. The following variables were evaluated: care preparation and emotional preparation to caring for terminally ill and non-terminally ill patients, the Death Attitude Profile Revised (PAM-R) and the Bugen Scale for Facing Death. The self-perceived preparation of students for caring for terminally ill patients can be considered “fair” (mean 2.15, SD 0.756), and this was also the case for their perceived emotional preparation (mean 2.19, SD 0.827). In contrast, the score obtained for their preparedness for treating non-terminal patients was higher (mean 2.99 and 3.16, respectively). Working with terminally ill patients, including terminal or geriatric cancer patients, was the least preferred option among future health professionals. The results obtained show a limited preference for end-of-life care and treatment, highlighting a lack of preparation and motivation among health science students in Spain and Bolivia for working with these patients.
7
Permatasari, Deby Indah, et Anneke Meyvia Silvi. « COMPENSATION AND SOCIAL WORKING ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCING UNMET NEEDS OF FAMILY PLANNING ». Jurnal Administrasi Kesehatan Indonesia 7, no 2 (28 octobre 2019) : 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jaki.v7i2.2019.178-184.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: The incidence of unmet needs of family planning is one of the performance indicators of Family Planning Outreach Workers. There were 30 sub-districts in Surabaya, but only two sub-districts reached the number of unmet need incidences at 7.3% as required by the government standard in 2016.Aims: The study aimed to analyze the correlation and effect of performance factors, especially salary system and social working environment towards the number of unmet need incidences in Surabaya.Method: This study employed descriptive quantitative research with a cross-sectional design. The data were obtained from questionnaires, filled out by 30 teams of Family Planning Outreach in Surabaya as respondents selected by using a total sampling method. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistical tests of cross-tabulation between salary system, workplace, and incidence of unmet need.Results: A better condition of salary system did not determine the standard number of unmet need incidences. Two districts that perceives fair social working environment have the number of unmet need incidences that follows the standard of ≤7.3%. Whereas only 10 districts have perceived a good social working system which result in the unachieved standard number of unmet need incidences at >7.3%.Conclusion: There is no significant correlation or influence between salary or compensation system with the number of unmet need incidences. However, there are not significant correlation and influence between the social working environment and the number of unmet need incidences. Therefore, improvements in the social working environment should be made to achieve the goal of family planning program.Keywords: family planning outreach workers, salary system, social working environment, unmet need.
8
Landa, Elizabeth. « Does Motivation Contribute on Health Care Provision ? » International Journal of Human Resource Studies 8, no 2 (13 mai 2018) : 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v8i2.13135.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study aimed to examine the contribution of employee motivation on provision of customer care in public health centres, in Morogoro Municipality. Data were collected from four selected public health institutions namely Morogoro General Hospital, Nunge Health Centre, Mafiga Health Centre and Kingolwila Health Centre respectively. The sample of 124 respondents were used, that is; employees and heads of the health centres. Collected data were coded using SPSS, where frequencies, percentages and chi-square were employed. The study identified that career development, training, appreciation, recognition, membership to the Social Security Fund, team work, working condition, paid leave, housing allowances and acting allowance were, the motivation schemes provided to public health employees. However public health workers are motivated by being a member on social security fund, medical cover, supervision, and job security. The result shows that there is significant difference between the employee who are motivated and those who are not motivated with regard to their provision of customer care to patients. The study concludes that most of the employees are not motivated by the existing motivation schemes which consequences lower their ability to provide the appropriate health services. The study recommends that strategies for improving motivation of employee to improve customer care include increase salary, improve working condition, pay housing allowance to all employees, allowance such as leave, overtime should be paid on time, promotion should be made in appropriate time and fair.
9
Amoah-Binfoh, Kenneth, Pradhyuman Sing Lakhawat et Rita Agyapong. « THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ADMINISTRATIVE POLICES OF HOSPITALS ON DELIVERING QUALITY OF SERVICE FOR PATIENTS SATISFACTION ». Hospital Management Studies Journal 2, no 3 (31 août 2021) : 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/hmsj.v2i3.21053.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: A well-organized hospital will determine the kind of service it will render to its patients. This diverse mix of objectives determine the nature of the hospital, its organizational hierarchy, the scope and volume of activities, the number and size of departments, staffing patterns, etc.Objective: The study seeks to examine the health workers and in-patient’s relationship building and to identify the importance of organizational structure in delivering quality services to in-patients.Method: The researchers considered a total of 35 management, and 70 in-patients together in all 105 as the sample size. These consisting of both males and females working in the various functional areas, and operations in the Hospital. This sample size was chosen because it formed a fair representation of the population. Simple random sampling was the sampling technique used for the study.Result: This output also shows that Patients satisfaction have a high positive relationship with Environment & physical ambience, Payment process & Discharge process ,Information flow to family about patient condition & treatment, Janitorial (daily cleaning), and Doctors information about treatment & concerns (administrative polices).Conclusion: It was also recommended that; Management should reduce the number of health workers working under a superior and should also reduce the number of superiors’ management reports to. It was further recommended that, management should, improvement the clarity of communication and information giving to patients’ relatives on patients’ condition and Management should also paste the vision and mission statement of the hospital on walls and vantage points for reminder.
10
Prasath, Selvaraju Arun. « A STUDY ON THE IMPORTANCE OF TRADE UNIONS IN ORGANIZATION ». JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN HUMANITIES 1, no 1 (14 juin 2014) : 17–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jah.v1i1.5152.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This research is going to cover the trade union activity and their importance to the employees and the organization itself at the public service management division. Trade unions are association of employees designed primarily to maintain or improve the condition of employment of its members. Trade unions are important in organization because they make sure the employee is satisfied with the working conditions and any violated from their rights and that they have a fair rate of pay of their services rendered to the organization.
This project looks at the importance of a trade union in an organization and how the employees feel about their activities and how the management operate with the trade union in the organization and the advantages and the disadvantages of a trade union in terms of what the employees benefit from being a trade union member in the organization. The sample size that was used was 30 at the public service management division.
The research will help me to gain slight on how trade unions operate in the organization. I used the questionnaire to gather data from the employees and the method that was used to collect information was the primary data and the secondary data. which helped to get the answers to my objectives.
Thèses sur le sujet "Fair working condition"
1
Piney, Cécile. « Transformation de l'activité d'encadrement de proximité : que fait le pilotage par la performance à la "proximité" des cadres ? : Le cas d'une grande administration publique ». Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM1022/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Depuis les années 2000, la France a mis en place d'importantes politiques de réformes de l'Etat. Ayant pour ambition affichée de moderniser la gestion de l'Etat en le recentrant sur ses missions prioritaires comme améliorer le service rendu à l'usager et réduire les dépenses publiques, ces réformes ont des répercussions sur l'ensemble des acteurs, et notamment sur les cadres de proximité. Pris en tenaille entre leur hiérarchie qui fixe des objectifs de performance et leur équipe qui « fait » le travail, ces cadres traduisent au quotidien les objectifs en missions concrètes.Dans le but de mieux comprendre cette posture d'équilibriste et ses conséquences sur l'activité et la santé des cadres, cette thèse s'intéresse à l'activité des cadres de proximité de la Direction Générale des Finances Publiques (DGFiP), créée en 2008 et qui s'inscrit dans la ligne du New Public Management. Ces cadres A encadrants sont issus des deux anciennes filières distinguées avant la fusion, et dont les cultures respectives diffèrent au niveau de l'approche du pilotage par la performance et de la relation aux agents. Dans une administration en changement permanent, ils sont tiraillés par des injonctions contradictoires, qui remettent continuellement en question leur positionnement vis-à-vis de la hiérarchie versus équipe encadrée, des objectifs de performance versus conditions de vie au travail, des logiques managériales versus logiques de technicité du métier. Un détour par la littérature pluridisciplinaire (sciences de gestion, sociologie, psychologie), abondante notamment sur le rôle et le positionnement des cadres de proximité, pointe pourtant un creux sur le contenu-même de ce travail. En ergonomie, les quelques recherches sur le travail des cadres de proximité s'intéressent plutôt à l'analyse des situations de travail. Nous proposons pour notre part d'analyser cette activité sous le prisme des parcours professionnels au sens de Gaudart & Ledoux (2013), c'est-à-dire comme une succession d'emplois ou de fonctions d'une part, et d'autre part un parcours de travail entendu comme un accroissement du temps vécu (Molinié, Gaudart & Pueyo, 2012) pointant les rôles de l'expérience. Notre objectif est de comprendre à la fois comment les transformations du travail impactent l'activité des cadres de proximité et en quoi l'expérience peut être une ressource dans la réalisation de cette activité, notamment vis-à-vis de la régulation du couple distances/proximités par ces cadres.Notre stratégie de recherche combine cinq méthodes : l'analyse d'un dispositif existant dénommé « espace de dialogue » et de ses contenus ; des entretiens notamment de reconstitution des parcours professionnels et sur le dialogue de gestion ; des observations de l'activité de 14 cadres de proximité ; des auto-confrontations à partir des traces de l'activité ; et l'organisation d'ateliers réflexifsSince the 2000s, France set up important policies of State reforms. The aim of these reforms is to modernize the French State management by refocusing this one on its missions' priority as to improve the service provided to the user and to reduce the public spending. These reforms have repercussions on all the actors, in particular on the first-line managers. Between their hierarchy which sets goals of performance and their teams which “do” the work, these first-line managers translate day-to-day the objectives into concrete missions.In order to understand this balanced posture and its consequences on the activity and on the health of managers, this thesis is interested in the activity of the Head office of the Public finances' first-line managers. This administration was created in 2008 and joins in the line of New Public Management. This kind of managers is from the two former sectors which existed before the merger: the respective cultures differ in the approach of performance-based management and the relation to the agents. In an administration in permanent change, the first-line managers are pulled by contradictory orders. This kind of orders questions constantly the positioning towards the hierarchy and supervised team, towards objectives of performance and living conditions at work, towards logics of technical skill and managerial logics. Although the multidisciplinary literature – sciences of management, sociology, psychology – is extensive in particular on the role and the positioning of the first-line managers, the contents of their work are few approached. In ergonomics, some researches on the work of the first-line managers are rather interested in the analysis of working situations. For our part, we suggest analyzing this activity under the prism of the careers (Gaudart & Ledoux, 2013). These careers represent a succession of jobs or functions and a working course with an increase of real-life time (Molinié, Gaudart & Pueyo, 2012) which points at the experience's roles. Our two objectives are to understand how the work transformations impact on the first-line managers' activity and how the experience can be a resource to realize this activity, in particular to regulate the couple closeness / distances by these managers.Our strategy of research combines five methods: the analysis of an existing “space of dialogue” plan and its contents, interviews of the careers' reconstruction, observations of the 14 managers' activity, auto-confrontations from the tracks of the activity, and the organization of reflexive workshops
2
Rosini, Philippe. « Temporaires en permanence : Une ethnologie du travail intérimaire "non-qualifié" ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3009/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L'intérim est un mode d'utilisation de la force de travail qui offre aux entreprises des facilités d'embauche et de révocation de la main d'oeuvre. Cette thèse rend compte de la condition sociale des intérimaires « non-qualifiés ». La réflexion se situe dans le champ de l'ethnologie du travail et des techniques. L'enquête s'est déroulée sur plusieurs années à partir d'une immersion au sein de différentes entreprises du Sud-est de la France (Grasse, 06). Une attention particulière est portée aux techniques, aux savoir-faire et à leur transmission, ainsi qu'aux outils et aux connaissances plus ou moins lacunaires mis à disposition des intérimaires par les entreprises utilisatrices. Les parcours que ces salariés empruntent au sein des unités de production, de leur mise à l'écart jusqu'à leur inclusion dans les collectifs de travail, sont examinés. Toutes ces dimensions sont traversées et orientées par le caractère temporaire du régime d'embauche. Chaque fois qu'une mission s'achève et qu'une autre débute, les intérimaires doivent nouer d'autres relations, se forger d'autres habitudes et mettre en oeuvre de nouvelles techniques, toutes aussi temporaires et incertaines, perdant ainsi l'esquisse des automatismes à peine intégrés. Il apparaît également que la mobilisation productive et subjective des intérimaires dépend de la durée potentielle de leurs contrats. Cette vulnérabilité contractuelle a divers effets en fonction des aspirations de chaque salarié et des usages que chacun fait de l'intérim. Lorsque la maîtrise de l'emploi du temps comme celle de l'avenir font défaut, c'est l'insertion sociale tout entière qui s'en trouve affectéeTemporary work is a way of using the workforce which allows companies to hire and repeal the labour with ease. This thesis reports the social condition of the "unskilled" temporary workers. The ethnological investigation took place over several years through a participative observation, as a temporary worker, within various companies. The reflection belongs to the field of the ethnology of work. The analysis is based on the examination of the working conditions, by paying a particular attention on techniques, by questioning the know-how and their transmission, as well as by observing tools and the more or less incomplete knowledge given to temporary workers by the user companies. This thesis also describes the paths they can follow in the production units; from their sidelining to their inclusion in the work collectives. All these dimensions are crossed and directed by the temporary nature of this type of hiring. Every time a mission ends and every time another one begins, temporary employees have to build other relationships, find other habits and operate new techniques, just as temporary and uncertain, thus losing recent barely integrated automatisms. The specific know-how and the practical adaptations which they develop in front of this situation of indecision are examined in this thesis. It also seems that the productive and subjective mobilization of the temporary workers depends on the potential duration of their missions. This contractual vulnerability has diverse effects depending on the aspirations of each employee and their use of temporary work. Without control over one's timetable and one's future it is the whole social integration process which is affected
3
Piracci, Giovanna. « The role of environmental and social sustainability attributes in food choices ». Doctoral thesis, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2158/1295876.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The agri-food supply chain is currently far from being sustainable due to its negative contribution to environmental degradation, climate change, public health and social equity. Individuals as consumers play a key role in favouring the transition towards a sustainable food system. Switching towards more sustainable food consumption patterns can trigger changes on the supply side and contribute to policy efforts aimed at pursuing sustainable development. In this context, the aspects such as the drivers and barriers to sustainable consumption, consumer behaviour towards sustainable choices and how to effectively tackle unsustainable food habits have become paramount. Therefore, to fill the research gaps in the existing literature, this thesis aims to provide a better understanding of the effect of environmental and social sustainability attributes on food choices and investigate the decision-making process adopted by food consumers when choosing sustainable products.
Livres sur le sujet "Fair working condition"
1
Ishani, Sen, et Butterflies (Organization), dir. In search of fair play : Street and working children speak about their rights. New Delhi : Mosaic Books in association with Butterflies, 2001.
Trouver le texte intégral
2
National Union of Marine, Aviation and Shipping Transport Officers. Fair deal for the UK flag : A NUMAST report on seafarers' working and living conditions under the red ensign. London : NUMAST, 2003.
Trouver le texte intégral
3
Doug, Jenness, et Socialist Workers Party, dir. Programme d'action pour faire face à la crise économique qui vient. New York, N.Y., U.S.A : Pathfinder, 1996.
Trouver le texte intégral
4
Gérard, Gayot, dir. La gloire de l'industrie : XVIIe-XIXe siècle : faire de l'histoire avec Gérard Gayot. Rennes : Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2012.
Trouver le texte intégral
5
The betrayal of work : How low-wage jobs fail 30 million Americans and their families. New York : New Press, 2005.
Trouver le texte intégral
6
Cox, Rachel. Making family child care work : Strategies for improving the working conditions of family childcare providers = Pour en faire un véritable emploi : des stratégies pour améliorer les conditions de travail des responsables de services de garde en milieu familial. [Ottawa] : Status of Women Canada = Condition féminime Canada, 2005.
Trouver le texte intégral
7
Hanʼguk sosŏl ŭi pundan iyagi. Sŏul-si : Chʻaek Sesang, 2006.
Trouver le texte intégral
8
Ilbon munhŏn sok ŭi Yi Sun-sin p'yosang : The image of Yi Sun-sin in Japanese literature. Sŏul : Minsogwŏn, 2022.
Trouver le texte intégral
9
Warner, Jack L., Alan Jay Lerner et George Cukor. My fair lady. 5e éd. 2015.
Trouver le texte intégral
10
Seitz, John C., et Christine Firer Hinze, dir. Working Alternatives. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823288359.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Popular interest in the kinds of conditions that make work productive, growing media attention to the grinding cycle of poverty, and the widening sense that consumption must become sustainable and just, all contribute to an atmosphere thirsty for humanistic economic analysis. This volume offers such analysis from a novel and generative diversity of vantage points, including religious and secular histories, theological ethics, and business management. In particular, Working Alternatives brings modern Roman Catholic forms of engaging with economic questions—embodied in the evolving set of documents that make up the area of “Catholic social thought”—into conversation with one another and with non-Catholic experiments in economic thought and practice. Clustered not by discipline but by their emphasis on either 1) new ways of seeing economic practice 2) new ways of valuing human activity, or 3) implementation of new ways of working, the volume’s essays facilitate the necessarily interdisciplinary thinking demanded by the complexities of economic sustainability and justice. Collectively, the works gathered here assert and test a challenging and far-reaching hypothesis: economic theories, systems, and practices—ways of conceiving, organizing and enacting work, management, supply, production, exchange, remuneration, wealth, and consumption—rely on basic, often unexamined, presumptions about human personhood, relations, and flourishing.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Fair working condition"
1
Kucharczyk, Maciej. « Social Exclusion in Older-Age and the European Pillar of Social Rights ». Dans International Perspectives on Aging, 421–31. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51406-8_33.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractThe European Pillar of Social Rights is about delivering new and more effective rights for Europeans. It builds upon 20 key principles, structured around three categories: equal opportunities and access to the labour market; fair working conditions; and social protection and inclusion. Directly relevant to older people, the Pillar has the potential to address the multidimensionality of exclusion in later life from a rights-based perspective – for example, by enhancing the rights to quality and affordable health and long-term care, to adequate pensions to live in dignity, to age-friendly working conditions and an inclusive labour market, or to access goods and services. Despite these valuable elements, there remains significant uncertainly around how the Pillar will achieve this and what kind of implemental actions might emerge across member states. This chapter analyses the potential of the European Pillar to address social exclusion of older people in Europe, the challenges that might impede its efforts, and the measures necessary to overcome such challenges.
2
Friedländer, Benjamin, et Christina Schaefer. « Co-production of Public Goods in Shrinking Rural Regions in Germany ». Dans New perspectives in the co-production of public policies, public services and common goods, 125–42. Liège : CIRIEC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.css3chap6.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Private sector leads the production and distribution process in many countries. However, Public Owned Enterprises (POEs) are also an important element of many developing and developed economies in this context. This analysis examines the main legal organisation forms of public owned enterprises and their financial performance. It also briefly analyses the national legislation and regulation on corruption prevention mechanisms and policy measures and anticorruption practices in public owned enterprises. Almost half of public owned enterprises in North Macedonia are working with losses and have the highest maturity and unpaid liabilities in the last five years. Public owned enterprises can either contribute or obstruct the competitiveness of the economy depending on their efficiency and productivity. This sector needs to be transparent to provide competing enterprises with a fair overview of the fundamental market conditions.
3
Zulfiu Alili, Merita. « Key Performance Indicators of Public-Owned Enterprises (POEs) in North Macedonia ». Dans CIRIEC Studies Series, 113–24. Liège : CIRIEC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.css2northmacedonia.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Private sector leads the production and distribution process in many countries. However, Public Owned Enterprises (POEs) are also an important element of many developing and developed economies in this context. This analysis examines the main legal organisation forms of public owned enterprises and their financial performance. It also briefly analyses the national legislation and regulation on corruption prevention mechanisms and policy measures and anticorruption practices in public owned enterprises. Almost half of public owned enterprises in North Macedonia are working with losses and have the highest maturity and unpaid liabilities in the last five years. Public owned enterprises can either contribute or obstruct the competitiveness of the economy depending on their efficiency and productivity. This sector needs to be transparent to provide competing enterprises with a fair overview of the fundamental market conditions.
4
MacQuarie, Julius-Cezar. « The Researcher’s Nightworkshop : A Methodology of Bodily and Cyber-Ethnographic Representations in Migration Studies ». Dans IMISCOE Research Series, 293–313. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67608-7_16.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractMigrants working the night shift (MWNS) have been invisible to the public eye for far too long. The failure to acknowledge the crucial role played by migrants working in the evening and night-time economy of developed societies is difficult to tackle with classical research tools alone. This chapter offers to novice and seasoned migration scholars a threefold methodological strategy to immerse, inhabit and to bring out of the dark a nocturnal landscape that has been invisible to diurnal people. The researcher’s nightworkshop’s innovative approach provides migration scholars with visual-analytical tools to capture the hidden experiences of MWNS. Theoretically, this chapter considers the broad aspects of representation (reel) and reality (real) of migrants in the public space and in migration scholarship. Night workers, the invisible people of the nocturnal city remain so to scholars, due to the impracticalities of doing nocturnal research (MacQuarie, 2019a). Empirically, therefore, the researcher’s nightworkshop’s strategy offers a solution to the puzzle of ‘invisibility’ of night shift workers. But it also reckons with the fact that to make visible the working lives in the realm of the night is a daunting task for scholars. Readers should interpret the notion of visibilisation with caution, using it as a visual metaphor to expose the factors that alter the night-shift workers’ precarious working conditions. This challenge is addressed here, through efforts that bridge the contingent of night workers, their minds and bodies that share the precarious landscape of nightwork with the researcher – alert and awake via the senses and suffering turned into skills.
5
Daniel, Ryszard A., Timothy M. Paulus, Linda Petrick et Yves Masson. « Handling Accidents and Calamities in Hydraulic Structures – Objectives of Pianc Working Group WG-241 ». Dans Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 440–53. Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_39.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractWhile the prior objective of hydraulic structures (such as lock gates, navigation river weirs and storm surge barriers) is to remain in service, engineers must also be capable to adequately handle their failures. Despite the ongoing development of expertise, design tools, norms, and construction methods, there are still a considerable number of accidents and calamities that happen to such structures. In addition, the losses and costs of damages as result of these so-called “upset events” are growing due to the growing complexity of waterborne infrastructure, intensity of navigation or other utilization of inland waters.Accidents to hydraulic structures happen not only when their loads exceed the design strength. Other possible causes are, for example, unforeseen conditions, lack of inspection and maintenance, improper operation, and navigation errors. These other causes of accidents are often less controlled by technical norms than the relations between loads and resistances of structures. In addition, there are often combinations and complex sequences of events that may lead to disastrous results.So far, various PIANC Working Groups have provided guidance for preventing accidents from happening, e.g. PIANC (2019) and PIANC (2020), including the accidents resulting from ship collision, e.g. PIANC (2014) and PIANC (2018). While this should remain the engineer’s main concern, there is also a demand for more guidance how to effectively handle the accidents and calamities that actually happen. This is a matter of combined effort of not only engineers. Nevertheless, engineers can and should contribute to the solutions in such cases. Therefore, a new PIANC InCom Working Group has been established to investigate the existing practices in handling accidents and calamities; and to provide guidance in this field for professionals involved. This paper presents the objectives of the Working Group, selected investigation approach, some preliminary investigation results, and the envisioned contents of the final report.
6
Liu, Yubo, Chenrong Fang, Zhe Yang, Xuexin Wang, Zhuohong Zhou, Qiaoming Deng et Lingyu Liang. « Exploration on Machine Learning Layout Generation of Chinese Private Garden in Southern Yangtze ». Dans Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES, 35–44. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_4.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractMachine learning has been proved to be feasible and reasonable in architectural field by extensive researches recently, whereas its potential is far from being tapped. Previous studies show that the training of GAN by labelling can enable a computer to grasp interrelationship of spatial elements and logical relationship between spatial elements and boundary. This study set the learning object as layout of private gardens in southern Yangtze with higher complexity. Chinese scholars usually analyse private garden layout based on their observation and experience. In this paper, based on Pix2Pix model, we enable a computer to generate private garden layout plan for given site conditions by learning classic cases of traditional Chinese private gardens. Through the experiment, taking Lingering garden as example, we continuously adjust the labelling method to improve learning effect. The finally trained model can quickly generate private garden layout and aid designers to complete scheme design with private garden element corpus. In addition, the working process of training GAN enables us to discover and verify some private garden layout rules that have not been paid attention to.
7
Micsonai, András, Éva Bulyáki et József Kardos. « BeStSel : From Secondary Structure Analysis to Protein Fold Prediction by Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy ». Dans Methods in Molecular Biology, 175–89. New York, NY : Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0892-0_11.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Far-UV circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is a classical method for the study of the secondary structure of polypeptides in solution. It has been the general view that the α-helix content can be estimated accurately from the CD spectra. However, the technique was less reliable to estimate the β-sheet contents as a consequence of the structural variety of the β-sheets, which is reflected in a large spectral diversity of the CD spectra of proteins containing this secondary structure component. By taking into account the parallel or antiparallel orientation and the twist of the β-sheets, the Beta Structure Selection (BeStSel) method provides an improved β-structure determination and its performance is more accurate for any of the secondary structure types compared to previous CD spectrum analysis algorithms. Moreover, BeStSel provides extra information on the orientation and twist of the β-sheets which is sufficient for the prediction of the protein fold. The advantage of CD spectroscopy is that it is a fast and inexpensive technique with easy data processing which can be used in a wide protein concentration range and under various buffer conditions. It is especially useful when the atomic resolution structure is not available, such as the case of protein aggregates, membrane proteins or natively disordered chains, for studying conformational transitions, testing the effect of the environmental conditions on the protein structure, for verifying the correct fold of recombinant proteins in every scientific fields working on proteins from basic protein science to biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry. Here, we provide a brief step-by-step guide to record the CD spectra of proteins and their analysis with the BeStSel method.
8
West, Brooke S., Anne M. Montgomery et Allison R. Ebben. « Reimagining Sex Work Venues : Occupational Health, Safety, and Rights in Indoor Workplaces ». Dans Sex Work, Health, and Human Rights, 207–30. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64171-9_12.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractThe setting in which sex workers live and work is a critical element shaping health outcomes, in so far that different venues afford different sets of risk and protective factors. Understanding how contextual factors differ across venue types and influence health outcomes is thus essential to developing and supporting programmes promoting the rights and safety of people in sex work. In this chapter, we focus primarily on indoor workplaces, with the goals of: (1) elucidating unique social, economic, physical, and policy factors that influence the well-being of sex workers in indoor workplaces; (2) highlighting sex worker-led efforts in the Thai context through a case study of the organisation Empower Thailand; (3) describing best practices for indoor settings; and (4) developing a framework of key factors that must be addressed to improve the rights and safety of sex workers in indoor workplaces, and to support their efforts to organise. The chapter draws attention to convergences and divergences in key challenges that sex workers encounter in indoor venues in different global contexts, as well as opportunities to advance comprehensive occupational health and safety programmes. Indoor venues pose important potential for establishing and implementing occupational health and safety standards in sex work and also may provide substantial opportunity for collective organising given the close proximity of people working together. However, any efforts to improve the health and safety of sex workers must explicitly address the structural conditions that lead to power imbalances and which undermine sex worker agency and equality.
9
Benhard, Söhngen, et Dianguang Ma. « Best Practice Approach for Layouting Technical-Biological Bank Protections for Inland Waterways – PIANC WG 128 ». Dans Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1069–86. Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_94.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractThe worldwide increasing number of national guidelines and growing experience with realized green bank protections (constructions using insofar possible living or at least wooden construction material) in navigable waters, led to install a PIANC INCOM Working Group (WG) to collect and condense expert knowledge in this field of work and prepare it for practitioners for design purposes. The corresponding PIANC report, called “Technical-Biological Bank Protections for Inland Waterways”, is foreseen to be released this year.The report, whose structure, content, key findings and approach will be highlighted briefly in this contribution to the Smart Rivers Conference, tries to overcome the usual problems in design cases, which need knowledge and experience of civil engineers, eco-engineers and ecologists altogether and the way how the success of bank stabilization measures will be noticed and rated. The WG members had to notice that functionality assessment is not that simple, whereby partly huge differences between those who designed, realized and maintained measures and external parties as well as cultural differences occurred.To overcome these problems and thus to objectivize the choice and layout of alternative solutions, which may help to convince people responsible for waterway development and maintenance to use green measures instead of traditional bank protections as riprap, a Best Practice Approach was developed, based on a catalogue of numerous realized measures, which are described e.g. in so-called Fact Files. The content of these descriptions, especially the local boundary conditions (BCs shortly in the following) and the balance between aims and achieved functionality issues, was used to assess the possible suitability of a chosen measure under generally different design conditions than those in the described realizations.This was achieved inter alia by a scoring system, assessing differences between Design- (DC) and Analysis Cases (shortly ACs from the catalogue of measures), which is called Feasibility Check (it answers the question, whether experiences made with the AC-cases can be transferred to the DC) and differences between user-specified aims in the DC and expected performance issues from the ACs, called “Suitability Check” (answers the question, how far expected functionality issues may probably be achievable). This was done both for technical and ecological issues, whereby the scores were chosen and reviewed interdisciplinary and internationally to overcome the aforementioned assessment differences.
10
Singh, Anita, et Lata Bajpai Singh. « Determinants of Job Satisfaction and Its Impact on Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment of Employees ». Dans Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals, 268–89. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5297-0.ch014.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This chapter aims to identify different factors of job satisfaction responsible for different types of commitment (i.e. affective, continuance, and normative commitment among the employees of IT organizations). The primary data was collected from 401 respondents of IT organizations using validated scales on organizational commitment and job satisfaction. The exploratory factor analysis was conducted to identify different factors of job satisfaction and scale reliability of organizational commitment scale. The reliability and validity of all the constructs were further done through confirmatory factor analysis. Then related hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling through AMOS 21.0. Three factors of job satisfaction were extracted, namely growth opportunities and management practices, working condition, and fair treatment. Growth opportunities and management practices are the prominent reasons for affective commitment, whereas fair treatment ensures continuance and normative commitment among the employees of IT organizations with the given sample.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Fair working condition"
1
Yildirim, Ilker, et Sezai Taskin. « A smart approach on collecting working condition data from home appliances under the field test ». Dans 2017 5th International Istanbul Smart Grid and Cities Congress and Fair (ICSG). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sgcf.2017.7947620.
Texte intégral
2
Smirnov, V., et E. Bondarev. « Risk and Performance Analysis for Seismic Vibrators in the Far North Working Conditions ». Dans Geomodel 2017. Netherlands : EAGE Publications BV, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201702300.
Texte intégral
3
Vashchuk, S. P., O. A. Sviderskiy, V. V. Rovenskay et I. I. Smyrnova. « Professional Stress and Organizational Working Conditions of Space-Rocket Industry Employees as the Factors Determining Their Activities Productivity ». Dans International Scientific Conference "Far East Con" (ISCFEC 2020). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200312.441.
Texte intégral
4
Nair, Ashish, Rahul Yadav, Anjali Gupta, Abhijnan Chakraborty, Sayan Ranu et Amitabha Bagchi. « Gigs with Guarantees : Achieving Fair Wage for Food Delivery Workers ». Dans Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California : International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/711.
Texte intégralRésumé :
With the increasing popularity of food delivery platforms, it has become pertinent to look into the working conditions of the `gig' workers in these platforms, especially providing them fair wages, reasonable working hours, and transparency on work availability. However, any solution to these problems must not degrade customer experience and be cost-effective to ensure that platforms are willing to adopt them. We propose Work4Food, which provides income guarantees to delivery agents, while minimizing platform costs and ensuring customer satisfaction. Work4Food ensures that the income guarantees are met in such a way that it does not lead to increased working hours or degrade environmental impact. To incorporate these objectives, Work4Food balances supply and demand by controlling the number of agents in the system and providing dynamic payment guarantees to agents based on factors such as agent location, ratings, etc. We evaluate Work4Food on a real-world dataset from a leading food delivery platform and establish its advantages over the state of the art in terms of the multi-dimensional objectives at hand.
5
Peretto, A. « Part Load Conditions of Complex Cycle Power Plants With Intercooled Gas Turbine ». Dans ASME 1996 Turbo Asia Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-ta-035.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The present paper evaluates the behavior, in design and part load working conditions, of a complex gas turbine cycle with multiple intercooled compression, and the optional preheating of the air at the high pressure compressor outlet by means of the gas turbine outlet hot gas. The results are then compared with those obtained by a Brayton cycle gas turbine, with or without preheating of the air at the high pressure compressor outlet. Subsequently, the performance of complex combined cycles, with intercooled gas turbine as topper and one, two or three pressure level steam cycle as bottomer, in design and part load working conditions is also evaluated. The performance of these complex combined plants is then compared with that obtained by a Brayton cycle gas turbine as topper and one, two or three pressure level steam cycle as bottomer. Part load working conditions are realized by varying either the inlet guide vane angle of the first compressor nozzles or the maximum temperature at the combustor outlet. The study shows that in part load working conditions obtained by varying IGV, the complex cycles, in the examined gas turbine or in the combined cycle power plants, give conversion efficiencies decidedly greater than those obtainable by varying combustor exit temperature. Furthermore it is found that these complex power plant efficiencies, in part load working conditions, are far greater than those obtained by the Brayton cycle gas turbine, or by combined cycle with Brayton cycle gas turbine as topper, if IGV adjustment is adopted. If power variation is obtained with combustor outlet temperature adjustment, the efficiencies of the combined power plants with complex or Brayton cycle gas turbines, are substantially the same, for the same relative power variation.
6
Pap, Ana, et Tena Radonić. « Consumer Attitudes and Knowledge about the Concept and Signs of Fair Trade ». Dans 6th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2022 – Economics and Management : How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2022.249.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The concept of fair trade (Fairtrade) was developed primarily to pay farmers and workers in developing countries fair prices for their work. It is a certification system that aims to ensure that a set of standards in the production and supply of products or ingredients are met. For farmers and workers, the concept of fair trade means workers’ rights, safer working conditions and a fairer wage. For customers, this means high-quality and ethically produced products. By connecting with and helping developing countries in this way, developed countries participate in socially responsible business and the promotion of sustainable development. The concept of fair trade aims to improve the existence, strengthen the organization of producers, raise consumer awareness of various negative effects on producers of international trade, and protect basic human rights by promoting social justice, preserving the environment and economic security. But the very notion of fair trade in the world is still not sufficiently recognizable. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current theoretical knowledge about the concept, meaning and purpose of fair trade and previous research related to the recognizability and understanding of this concept. Also, this paper aims to determine the attitudes and knowledge of consumers about the fair trade label in Croatia through the implementation of primary research to find out how much the population (re) knows about the fair trade system and what is the level of trust in the fair trade label. Based on the results of the research, the paper will provide recommendations for actions aimed at increasing awareness and knowledge about fair trade.
7
Chu, Lilin, Yulong Ji, Chunrong Yu, Yantao Li, Hongbin Ma et Yang Guo. « Experimental Study on Oscillating Heat Pipe With Hydraulic Diameter Far Exceeding the Maximum Hydraulic Diameter ». Dans ASME 2019 6th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2019-4092.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract In order to understand the heat transfer performance, startup and fluid flow condition of oscillating heat pipe (OHP) with hydraulic diameter far exceeding the maximum hydraulic diameter (MHD), an experimental investigation on heat transfer performance and visualization was conducted. From the experimental performance, it is found that the OHP can still work well with ethanol as the working fluid when the tube diameter has exceeded the MHD of 91.6%. In addition, the detailed flow patterns of the OHP were recorded by a highspeed camera for vertical and horizontal orientation to understand its physical mechanism. In the vertical orientation, initially working fluid generates small bubbles, and then the small bubbles coalesce and grow to vapor plugs, the vapor plugs finally pushes the liquid slugs to oscillate in the tube. In the horizontal orientation, the working fluid surface fluctuates due to the vapors flow from the evaporator to the condenser and bubbles burst in the evaporator. When the peak of liquid wave reaches the upper surface of tube, a liquid slug has been formed, and then the steam flow pushes the liquid slugs to oscillate in the tube.
8
Kim, Seong Gu, Yoonhan Ahn, Jekyoung Lee, Jeong Ik Lee, Yacine Addad et Bockseong Ko. « Numerical Investigation of a Centrifugal Compressor for Supercritical CO2 as a Working Fluid ». Dans ASME Turbo Expo 2014 : Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25239.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) Brayton cycle is considered as a strong candidate for power conversion systems. This includes concentrated solar power, coal power, bottoming cycle to fuel cells, and the next generation nuclear systems. In the previous studies, it was identified that the compressor consumes very small compressing work as operating condition approaches to the critical point. Thus, smaller amount of input work contributes to the enhancement of overall cycle efficiency. To achieve an efficient S-CO2 cycle, one of the major technical challenges exists in the compressor design. At KAIST, a research team is conducting a S-CO2 compressor tests to obtain fundamental data for advanced compressor design and to measure the performance of the compressor near the critical point. The measurements reveal the S-CO2 fluid to have properties of gases and liquids at the same time, but in regards to compressibility and density variation, its behavior is much closer to the liquid rather than gas near the critical point. In this paper, a CFD analysis of S-CO2 centrifugal compressor with the full geometry including diffuser and volute is presented. The numerical results are compared to the experimental data from KAIST SCO2 Pressurizing Experiment facility. A 3D grid was generated starting from the model of the compressor full geometry provided by the manufacturer. Furthermore, a property table of CO2 was generated by an in-house code and implemented to the CFD code. Then the performance characteristic of S-CO2 compressor is investigated in terms of compressor efficiency and pressure ratio. Additional flow variables inside the compressor such as velocity, pressure and viscosity are also investigated to help understanding the main reason behind the relatively higher compressor efficiency near the critical point compared to other flow conditions far from this region. In general acceptable results in comparison to the experiment are obtained (order of error from 0.5 to 7% for the compressor efficiency). Hence, the current CFD results should be able to provide additional and detailed information to be used for design enhancements of the compressor for S-CO2 Brayton power cycle.
9
Tong, Tao, Je-Young Chang, Shankar Devasenathipathy, John Dirner, Suzana Prstic et Ravi Prasher. « Performances of Silicon Micro-Flow-Passage Cold Plates From Single-Phase to Two-Phase With Water and HFE-7100 as Working Fluids ». Dans ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42027.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Two-phase (phase-change) microchannel (MC) system is a promising technology for achieving enhanced heat removal for highdensity electronics. Yet phase-change studies in MCs with hydraulic diameters on the order of several hundred micrometers or smaller have been inconclusive. Most of earlier studies involved one specific channel design and one type of working fluid. It is thus difficult to make fair comparisons across various experimental works toward recommending the best design option for real applications under specific operating conditions. In the current work, flow boiling experiments were conducted for MC cold plates with channel widths ranging from 61 μm to 330 μm and channel height ∼ 300 μm (hydraulic diameters from ∼ 100 μm to ∼ 337 μm) and a pin-fin array cold plate with fin size and inter-spacing ∼ 150 μm. Two working fluids, deionized water at sub-atmospheric pressure (∼ 25 kPa to 45 kPa) and HFE-7100 at ambient pressure, were tested respectively. High-speed visualization facilities were employed to help understand the rapid phase-change processes inside the flow passages. Pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of the microchannel cold plates under various heat flux and flow rate conditions were recorded and analyzed as well as boiling fluctuations. Detailed visualization results will be presented in a separate paper [Tong et al., IMECE2007-42028].
10
Sheng, Cheng, Tao Zhou, Liping Pang et Yanping Huang. « Study on Characteristics of Gas-Liquid Two Phase Flow Distribution in Vertical Manifolds ». Dans 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29259.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper shows the experiments of the flow rate distribution measurements of air-water two-phase flow in vertical multi-branch carried out on the Gas-liquid two-phase flow fluid and flow rate distribution experimental platform, and discusses the laws and the Characteristics of two phase flow distribution in the multi-branch by changing the water flow rate or the air flow rate under the condition of fix the flow rate of the other phase, then analyzes the degree of the flow deviation of both two phases in branches by calculating the standard deviations of each working condition. The experiments show that the flow distributions of both two phases are very uneven. There was much air but little water flows into the branches which were close to the inlets of the distributor, but in the branches which were far away from the inlets of the distributor, the situation was opposite to the previous one. The types of the flow pattern in each branch in every working condition were obtained through the Hewitt-Robert flow pattern picture. As the flow rate of air increased, the annular pattern would spread from the branches which are close to the inlets of the distributor to the ones which are far away from the inlets of the distributor.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Fair working condition"
1
Mpofu, David, Michael Ndiweni, Kwanele Moyo, Samuel Wadzai et Marjoke Oosterom. Youth Active Citizenship for Decent Jobs : A Handbook for Policy & ; Practice. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), mars 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.017.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This Handbook has been created for development partners and civil society actors that design and implement youth employment interventions, particularly in contexts marked by fragility and political-economic crises. Youth employment programmes usually strengthen young people’s business and entrepreneurship skills. They fail to consider the civic and political competencies needed by young people in order to negotiate fair, safe, and decent working conditions and influence the wider policy environment for decent work. The Handbook offers suggestions for integrating youth active citizenship strategies into youth employment interventions, thus building young people’s civic and political skills. Adopting these strategies will strengthen the capacities of young people to engage both private sector and government actors, foster inclusion, and strengthen coalitions that can influence a enabling environment for decent jobs for youth. Recognising that many young people start their trade and businesses in theinformal economy, the Handbook takes their experiences as the point of departure. It is widely recognised that political economy matters for development and development interventions. This also applies to youth employment programming. Ideas in this Handbook recognise that politics influence youth employment opportunities. This is particularly the case in contexts commonly referred to as fragile, conflict-affected and violent settings (FCVS). Approaches to youth employment interventions need to respond to these dynamics to avoid that powerful actors capture them to serve their interests and avoid increasing risks to conflict. Moreover, the Covid-19 pandemic has proved that fragility is multidimensional and manifests in many countries across the globe. Early on in the pandemic, it quickly became clear that the informal economy would be hard hit. In addition, the challenging politics of FCVS influence opportunities for both formal and informal employment.
2
Gordon, Eleanor, et Briony Jones. Building Success in Development and Peacebuilding by Caring for Carers : A Guide to Research, Policy and Practice to Ensure Effective, Inclusive and Responsive Interventions. University of Warwick Press, avril 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-1-911675-00-6.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The experiences and marginalisation of international organisation employees with caring responsibilities has a direct negative impact on the type of security and justice being built in conflict-affected environments. This is in large part because international organisations fail to respond to the needs of those with caring responsibilities, which leads to their early departure from the field, and negatively affects their work while in post. In this toolkit we describe this problem, the exacerbating factors, and challenges to overcoming it. We offer a theory of change demonstrating how caring for carers can both improve the working conditions of employees of international organisations as well as the effectiveness, inclusivity and responsiveness of peace and justice interventions. This is important because it raises awareness among employers in the sector of the severity of the problem and its consequences. We also offer a guide for employers for how to take the caring responsibilities of their employees into account when developing human resource policies and practices, designing working conditions and planning interventions. Finally, we underscore the importance of conducting research on the gendered impacts of the marginalisation of employees with caring responsibilities, not least because of the breadth and depth of resultant individual, organisational and sectoral harms. In this regard, we also draw attention to the way in which gender stereotypes and gender biases not only inform and undermine peacebuilding efforts, but also permeate research in this field. Our toolkit is aimed at international organisation employees, employers and human resources personnel, as well as students and scholars of peacebuilding and international development. We see these communities of knowledge and action as overlapping, with insights to be brought to bear as well as challenges to be overcome in this area. The content of the toolkit is equally relevant across these knowledge communities as well as between different specialisms and disciplines. Peacebuilding and development draw in experts from economics, politics, anthropology, sociology and law, to name but a few. The authors of this toolkit have come together from gender studies, political science, and development studies to develop a theory of change informed by interdisciplinary insights. We hope, therefore, that this toolkit will be useful to an inclusive and interdisciplinary set of knowledge communities. Our core argument - that caring for carers benefits the individual, the sectors, and the intended beneficiaries of interventions - is relevant for students, researchers, policy makers and practitioners alike.
3
Weissinger, Rebecca. Trends in water quality at Bryce Canyon National Park, water years 2006–2021. Sous la direction de Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294946.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The National Park Service collects water-quality samples on a rotating basis at three fixed water-quality stations in Bryce Canyon National Park (NP): Sheep Creek, Yellow Creek, and Mossy Cave Spring. Data collection began at Sheep Creek and Yellow Creek in November 2005 and at Mossy Cave in July 2008. Data on in-situ parameters, fecal-coliform samples, major ions, and nutrients are collected monthly, while trace elements are sampled quarterly. This report analyzes data from the beginning of the period of record for each station through water year 2021 to test for trends over time. Concentrations are also compared to relevant water-quality standards for the State of Utah. Overall, water quality at the park’s monitoring stations continues to be excellent, and park managers have been successful in their goal of maintaining these systems in unimpaired condition. Infrequent but continued Escherichia coli exceedances from trespass livestock at Sheep and Yellow creeks support the need for regular fence maintenance along the park boundary. High-quality conditions may qualify all three sites as Category 1 waters, the highest level of anti-degradation protection provided by the State of Utah. Minimum and maximum air temperatures at the park have increased, while precipitation remains highly variable. Increasing air temperatures have led to increasing water temperatures in Sheep and Yellow creeks. Sheep Creek also had a decrease in flow across several quantiles from 2006 to 2021, while higher flows decreased at Yellow Creek in the same period. Surface flows in these two creeks are likely to be increasingly affected by higher evapotranspiration due to warming air temperatures and possibly decreasing snowmelt runoff as the climate changes. The influx of ancient groundwater in both creek drainages helps sustain base flows at the sites. Mossy Cave Spring, which is sampled close to the spring emergence point, showed less of a climate signal than Sheep and Yellow creeks. In our record, the spring shows a modest increase in discharge, including higher flows at higher air temperatures. An uptick in visitation to Water Canyon and the Mossy Cave Trail has so far not been reflected by changes in water quality. There are additional statistical trends in water-quality parameters at all three sites. However, most of these trends are quite small and are likely ecologically negligible. Some statistical trends may be the result of instrument changes and improvements in quality assurance and quality control over time in both the field sampling effort and the laboratory analyses. Long-term monitoring of water-quality stations at Bryce Canyon NP suggests relatively stable aquatic systems that benefit from protection within the park. To maintain these unimpaired conditions into the future, park managers could consider: Regular fence checks and maintenance along active grazing allotments at the park boundary to protect riparian areas and aquatic systems from trespass livestock. Developing a springs-monitoring program to track changes in springflow at spring emergences to better understand bedrock-aquifer water supplies. These data would also help quantify springflow for use in water-rights hearings. Supporting hydrogeologic investigations to map the extent and flow paths of groundwater aquifers. Working with the State of Utah to develop groundwater-protection zones to protect groundwater aquifers from developments that would affect springs in the park. Prioritizing watershed management with proactive fire risk-reduction practices. Explicitly including watershed protection as a goal in plans for fire management and suppression. Using additional data and analyses to better understand the drivers of trends in water quality and their ecological significance. These could include higher-frequency data to better understand relationships between groundwater, precipitation, and surface flows at the sites. These could also include watershed metrics...
4
Lazonick, William, Philip Moss et Joshua Weitz. Equality Denied : Tech and African Americans. Institute for New Economic Thinking, février 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp177.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thus far in reporting the findings of our project “Fifty Years After: Black Employment in the United States Under the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,” our analysis of what has happened to African American employment over the past half century has documented the importance of manufacturing employment to the upward socioeconomic mobility of Blacks in the 1960s and 1970s and the devastating impact of rationalization—the permanent elimination of blue-collar employment—on their socioeconomic mobility in the 1980s and beyond. The upward mobility of Blacks in the earlier decades was based on the Old Economy business model (OEBM) with its characteristic “career-with-one-company” (CWOC) employment relations. At its launching in 1965, the policy approach of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission assumed the existence of CWOC, providing corporate employees, Blacks included, with a potential path for upward socioeconomic mobility over the course of their working lives by gaining access to productive opportunities and higher pay through stable employment within companies. It was through these internal employment structures that Blacks could potentially overcome barriers to the long legacy of job and pay discrimination. In the 1960s and 1970s, the generally growing availability of unionized semiskilled jobs gave working people, including Blacks, the large measure of employment stability as well as rising wages and benefits characteristic of the lower levels of the middle class. The next stage in this process of upward socioeconomic mobility should have been—and in a nation as prosperous as the United States could have been—the entry of the offspring of the new Black blue-collar middle class into white-collar occupations requiring higher educations. Despite progress in the attainment of college degrees, however, Blacks have had very limited access to the best employment opportunities as professional, technical, and administrative personnel at U.S. technology companies. Since the 1980s, the barriers to African American upward socioeconomic mobility have occurred within the context of the marketization (the end of CWOC) and globalization (accessibility to transnational labor supplies) of high-tech employment relations in the United States. These new employment relations, which stress interfirm labor mobility instead of intrafirm employment structures in the building of careers, are characteristic of the rise of the New Economy business model (NEBM), as scrutinized in William Lazonick’s 2009 book, Sustainable Prosperity in the New Economy? Business Organization and High-Tech Employment in the United States (Upjohn Institute). In this paper, we analyze the exclusion of Blacks from STEM (science, technology, engineering, math) occupations, using EEO-1 employment data made public, voluntarily and exceptionally, for various years between 2014 and 2020 by major tech companies, including Alphabet (Google), Amazon, Apple, Cisco, Facebook (now Meta), Hewlett Packard Enterprise, HP Inc., Intel, Microsoft, PayPal, Salesforce, and Uber. These data document the vast over-representation of Asian Americans and vast under-representation of African Americans at these tech companies in recent years. The data also shine a light on the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of large masses of lower-paid labor in the United States at leading U.S. tech companies, including tens of thousands of sales workers at Apple and hundreds of thousands of laborers & helpers at Amazon. In the cases of Hewlett-Packard, IBM, and Intel, we have access to EEO-1 data from earlier decades that permit in-depth accounts of the employment transitions that characterized the demise of OEBM and the rise of NEBM. Given our findings from the EEO-1 data analysis, our paper then seeks to explain the enormous presence of Asian Americans and the glaring absence of African Americans in well-paid employment under NEBM. A cogent answer to this question requires an understanding of the institutional conditions that have determined the availability of qualified Asians and Blacks to fill these employment opportunities as well as the access of qualified people by race, ethnicity, and gender to the employment opportunities that are available. Our analysis of the racial/ethnic determinants of STEM employment focuses on a) stark differences among racial and ethnic groups in educational attainment and performance relevant to accessing STEM occupations, b) the decline in the implementation of affirmative-action legislation from the early 1980s, c) changes in U.S. immigration policy that favored the entry of well-educated Asians, especially with the passage of the Immigration Act of 1990, and d) consequent social barriers that qualified Blacks have faced relative to Asians and whites in accessing tech employment as a result of a combination of statistical discrimination against African Americans and their exclusion from effective social networks.
5
Modern illness or a thing of the past ? Surveillance study of childhood/adolescent Sydenham’s chorea in the UK and the Republic of Ireland. ACAMH, mars 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.11522.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Sydenham's chorea is a rare condition that can have a severe impact on children and families. Tamsin discusses her and her teams research so far, explaining why it is important for clinicians working in child mental health services to report any suspected cases.