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1
Cook, James Allen. « A decompositional investigation of 3D face recognition ». Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16653/1/James_Allen_Cook_Thesis.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Automated Face Recognition is the process of determining a subject's identity from digital imagery of their face without user intervention. The term in fact encompasses two distinct tasks; Face Verficiation is the process of verifying a subject's claimed identity while Face Identification involves selecting the most likely identity from a database of subjects. This dissertation focuses on the task of Face Verification, which has a myriad of applications in security ranging from border control to personal banking. Recently the use of 3D facial imagery has found favour in the research community due to its inherent robustness to the pose and illumination variations which plague the 2D modality. The field of 3D face recognition is, however, yet to fully mature and there remain many unanswered research questions particular to the modality. The relative expense and specialty of 3D acquisition devices also means that the availability of databases of 3D face imagery lags significantly behind that of standard 2D face images. Human recognition of faces is rooted in an inherently 2D visual system and much is known regarding the use of 2D image information in the recognition of individuals. The corresponding knowledge of how discriminative information is distributed in the 3D modality is much less well defined. This dissertations addresses these issues through the use of decompositional techniques. Decomposition alleviates the problems associated with dimensionality explosion and the Small Sample Size (SSS) problem and spatial decomposition is a technique which has been widely used in face recognition. The application of decomposition in the frequency domain, however, has not received the same attention in the literature. The use of decomposition techniques allows a map ping of the regions (both spatial and frequency) which contain the discriminative information that enables recognition. In this dissertation these techniques are covered in significant detail, both in terms of practical issues in the respective domains and in terms of the underlying distributions which they expose. Significant discussion is given to the manner in which the inherent information of the human face is manifested in the 2D and 3D domains and how these two modalities inter-relate. This investigation is extended to cover also the manner in which the decomposition techniques presented can be recombined into a single decision. Two new methods for learning the weighting functions for both the sum and product rules are presented and extensive testing against established methods is presented. Knowledge acquired from these examinations is then used to create a combined technique termed Log-Gabor Templates. The proposed technique utilises both the spatial and frequency domains to extract superior performance to either in isolation. Experimentation demonstrates that the spatial and frequency domain decompositions are complimentary and can combined to give improved performance and robustness.
2
Cook, James Allen. « A decompositional investigation of 3D face recognition ». Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16653/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Automated Face Recognition is the process of determining a subject's identity from digital imagery of their face without user intervention. The term in fact encompasses two distinct tasks; Face Verficiation is the process of verifying a subject's claimed identity while Face Identification involves selecting the most likely identity from a database of subjects. This dissertation focuses on the task of Face Verification, which has a myriad of applications in security ranging from border control to personal banking. Recently the use of 3D facial imagery has found favour in the research community due to its inherent robustness to the pose and illumination variations which plague the 2D modality. The field of 3D face recognition is, however, yet to fully mature and there remain many unanswered research questions particular to the modality. The relative expense and specialty of 3D acquisition devices also means that the availability of databases of 3D face imagery lags significantly behind that of standard 2D face images. Human recognition of faces is rooted in an inherently 2D visual system and much is known regarding the use of 2D image information in the recognition of individuals. The corresponding knowledge of how discriminative information is distributed in the 3D modality is much less well defined. This dissertations addresses these issues through the use of decompositional techniques. Decomposition alleviates the problems associated with dimensionality explosion and the Small Sample Size (SSS) problem and spatial decomposition is a technique which has been widely used in face recognition. The application of decomposition in the frequency domain, however, has not received the same attention in the literature. The use of decomposition techniques allows a map ping of the regions (both spatial and frequency) which contain the discriminative information that enables recognition. In this dissertation these techniques are covered in significant detail, both in terms of practical issues in the respective domains and in terms of the underlying distributions which they expose. Significant discussion is given to the manner in which the inherent information of the human face is manifested in the 2D and 3D domains and how these two modalities inter-relate. This investigation is extended to cover also the manner in which the decomposition techniques presented can be recombined into a single decision. Two new methods for learning the weighting functions for both the sum and product rules are presented and extensive testing against established methods is presented. Knowledge acquired from these examinations is then used to create a combined technique termed Log-Gabor Templates. The proposed technique utilises both the spatial and frequency domains to extract superior performance to either in isolation. Experimentation demonstrates that the spatial and frequency domain decompositions are complimentary and can combined to give improved performance and robustness.
3
Nelson-Moon, Zararna Louise. « Myosin heavy chain expression in the human masseter muscle and vertical facial form ». Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252100.
Texte intégral
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Finlen, Kate Elizabeth. « Long lower anterior face height : phenotypic diversity ». Thesis, University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5468.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Introduction: The hyperdivergent facial form is typically characterized by a long lower anterior facial height (LAFH), steep mandibular plane angle, and skeletal open bite. The purpose of our study was to further explore morphologic variation within long LAFH subjects using geometric morphometric methods. Methods: Cephalograms of 147 individuals (n= 147; 87 female, 60 male; age range: 16-68 years) with LAFH to total anterior facial height (TAFH), ratio (LAFH/TAFH), at or above 57.4% were studied. Cluster analysis and canonical variate analysis captured phenotypic variation and identified homogenous groups. Results: Cluster analysis resulted in three discrete long LAFH phenotypes that varied along vertical and anteroposterior dimensions. Conclusions: We found significant morphologic variation within the sample population of long LAFH individuals. Three phenotypes with varied vertical and anteroposterior discrepancies were revealed through the cluster analysis. Within our sample, we found both convergent and divergent facial patterns with concomitant cranial base rotation and posterior ramal border displacement. Vertical variation was largely independent of anteroposterior discrepancies.
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da, Silva Gomes Joao Paulo. « Brain inspired approach to computational face recognition ». Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3544.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Face recognition that is invariant to pose and illumination is a problem solved effortlessly by the human brain, but the computational details that underlie such efficient recognition are still far from clear. This thesis draws on research from psychology and neuroscience about face and object recognition and the visual system in order to develop a novel computational method for face detection, feature selection and representation, and memory structure for recall. A biologically plausible framework for developing a face recognition system will be presented. This framework can be divided into four parts: 1) A face detection system. This is an improved version of a biologically inspired feedforward neural network that has modifiable connections and reflects the hierarchical and elastic structure of the visual system. The face detection system can detect if a face is present in an input image, and determine the region which contains that face. The system is also capable of detecting the pose of the face. 2) A face region selection mechanism. This mechanism is used to determine the Gabor-style features corresponding to the detected face, i.e., the features from the region of interest. This region of interest is selected using a feedback mechanism that connects the higher level layer of the feedforward neural network where ultimately the face is detected to an intermediate level where the Gabor style features are detected. 3) A face recognition system which is based on the binary encoding of the Gabor style features selected to represent a face. Two alternative coding schemes are presented, using 2 and 4 bits to represent a winning orientation at each location. The effectiveness of the Gabor-style features and the different coding schemes in discriminating faces from different classes is evaluated using the Yale B Face Database. The results from this evaluation show that this representation is close to other results on the same database. 4) A theoretical approach for a memory system capable of memorising sequences of poses. A basic network for memorisation and recall of sequences of labels have been implemented, and from this it is extrapolated a memory model that could use the ability of this model to memorise and recall sequences, to assist in the recognition of faces by memorising sequences of poses. Finally, the capabilities of the detection and recognition parts of the system are demonstrated using a demo application that can learn and recognise faces from a webcam.
6
Flude, Brenda M. « Long term repetition priming of familiar faces ». Thesis, Lancaster University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358733.
Texte intégral
7
Lam-Médioni, Régina. « Etude de l'angle goniaque sur des teleradiographies de 151 cas de faces longues en classe ii et iii d'angle ». Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA071052.
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Prado, Kelvin Salton do. « Comparação de técnicas de reconhecimento facial para identificação de presença em um ambiente real e semicontrolado ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100131/tde-07012018-222531/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
O reconhecimento facial é uma tarefa que os seres humanos realizam naturalmente todos os dias e praticamente sem esforço nenhum. Porém para uma máquina este processo não é tão simples. Com o aumento do poder computacional das máquinas atuais criou-se um grande interesse no processamento de imagens e vídeos digitais, com aplicações nas mais diversas áreas de conhecimento. Este trabalho objetiva a comparação de técnicas de reconhecimento facial, já conhecidas na literatura, com o intuito de identificar qual técnica possui melhor desempenho em um ambiente real e semicontrolado. Secundariamente avalia-se a possibilidade da utilização de uma ou mais técnicas de reconhecimento facial para identificar automaticamente a presença de alunos em uma sala de aula de artes marciais, utilizando imagens das câmeras de vigilância instaladas no recinto, levando em consideração aspectos importantes, tais como: imagens com pouca nitidez, luminosidade não ideal, movimentação constante dos alunos e o fato das câmeras estarem em um ângulo fixo. Este trabalho está relacionado às áreas de Processamento de Imagens e Reconhecimento de Padrões, e integra a linha de pesquisa de \"Monitoramento de Presença\" do projeto \"Ensino e Monitoramento de Atividades Físicas via Técnicas de Inteligência Artificial\" (Processo 2014.1.923.86.4, publicado no DOE 125(45), em 10/03/2015), projeto este executado em conjunto da Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade Campo Limpo Paulista e Academia Central Kungfu-Wushu. Com os experimentos realizados e apresentados neste trabalho foi possível concluir que, dentre os métodos de reconhecimento facial utilizados, o método Local Binary Patterns teve o melhor desempenho no ambiente proposto. Por outro lado, o método Eigenfaces teve o pior desempenho de acordo com os experimentos realizados. Além disso, foi possível concluir também que não é viável a realização da detecção de presença automática de forma confiável no ambiente proposto, pois a taxa de reconhecimento facial foi relativamente baixa, se comparada a outros trabalhos do estado da arte, trabalhos estes que usam de ambientes de testes mais amigáveis, mas ao mesmo tempo menos comumente encontrados em nosso dia-a-dia. Acredita-se que foi possível alcançar os objetivos propostos pelo trabalho e que o mesmo possa contribuir para o estado da arte atual na área de visão computacional, mais precisamente no âmbito do reconhecimento facial. Ao final são sugeridos alguns trabalhos futuros que podem ser utilizados como ponto de partida para a continuação desta pesquisa ou até mesmo de novas pesquisas relacionadas a este temaFace recognition is a task that human beings perform naturally in their everyday lives, usually with no effort at all. To machines, however, this process is not so simple. With the increasing computational power of current machines, a great interest was created in the field of digital videos and images processing, with applications in most diverse areas of knowledge. This work aims to compare face recognition techniques already know in the literature, in order to identify which technique has the best performance in a real and semicontrolled environment. As a secondary objective, we evaluate the possibility of using one or more face recognition techniques to automatically identify the presence of students in a martial arts classroom using images from the surveillance cameras installed in the room, taking into account important aspects such as images with low sharpness, illumination variation, constant movement of students and the fact that the cameras are at a fixed angle. This work is related to the Image Processing and Pattern Recognition areas, and integrates the research line \"Presence Monitoring\" of the project entitled \"Education and Monitoring of Physical Activities using Artificial Intelligence Techniques\" (Process 2014.1.923.86.4, published in DOE 125 (45) on 03/10/2015), developed as a partnership between the University of São Paulo, Campo Limpo Paulista Faculty, and Kungfu-Wushu Central Academy. With the experiments performed and presented in this work it was possible to conclude that, amongst all face recognition methods that were tested, Local Binary Patterns had the best performance in the proposed environment. On the other hand, Eigenfaces had the worse performance according to the experiments. Moreover, it was also possible to conclude that it is not feasible to perform the automatic presence detection reliably in the proposed environment, since the face recognition rate was relatively low, compared to the state of the art which uses, in general, more friendly test environments but at the same time less likely found in our daily lives. We believe that it was possible to achieve the objectives proposed by this work and that can contribute to the current state of the art in the computer vision field and, more precisely, in the face recognition area. Finally, some future work is suggested that can be used as a starting point for the continuation of this work or even for new researches related to this topic
9
Le, Guennec Benoît Hoornaert Alain. « Impact du remodelage osseux crânio-facial sur l'esthétique à long terme de la prothèse implanto portée unitaire du secteur maxillaire antérieur ». [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=50416.
Texte intégral
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Miszkiel, Samanta, et Alan Cheng. « Hej, kom spela med oss ! (Hi, come play with us!) ». Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22169.
Texte intégralRésumé :
People play games now more than ever before. While the digital gaming industry dominates the market, boardgaming has been living in its shadow. Board games offer a physical tangibility and a social experience that can be found in few digital games.How do we create a tool that further builds upon those strengths?The purpose of this study is to examine the possibility of developing a service that consists of an mobile application and board game events to promote social face-to-face interaction. Focus has been on the social face-to-face interaction in the context of a board game session. We have through the use of service prototyping and low-fi prototypes created a small-scale context in which we have conducted our research in.This study has been conducted with the use of observations of board game events and with the use of low-fi prototypes.The thesis treats theories and methods that have been used throughout this project.We can also find the documentation of our research data, read about the following design process of creating the service and results of usertesting.Finally in the conclusion we present the results of our research, our final design and suggestions on further development.Keywords:
11
Braulio, Bernadete Tassara Lemos. « Informática na educação : o uso da linguagem computacional LOGO no estudo das operações cognitivas da fase lógico-formal, tal como descritas por Piaget ». Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/FAEC-874GH8.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The objetive of this dissertation is to analyse the use of LOGO in the study of the cognitive operations of the formal-logical stage as described by Piaget. In order to achieve this objective, a research was conducted with six individuals, 12 yar and 9 month to 14 year-old, students of the Pedagogic Center of the Federal University of Minas Gerais.Those individuals, who had previously go to.Know the main conmands of GRAPHIC-LOGO, used them to solve six challenges related to the cognitive operations of compensation, proportion, combination, permutation and probability.Data collection and analysis were based on the clinical method.The main conclusions point out the efficacy of LOGO language in identifying cognitive operations and in hlping their development as well as the analysis of the various strategies used by the students.However, research results showed that LOGO efficacy is a function of the individual himself and of the task nature.This way, the use of LOGO was more efficacious for those who had not presented complete domain of the cognitive operations studied and also in simulating situations difficult to be presented to the students. The use of LOGO lanuage and its related educationl research are suggested not only in the case of spontaneous situations, as usually observed in the papers, but also in situations involving curriculum subject systematic learning.O objetivo desta dissetação consiste em analisar o uso da lingua computacional LOGO no estudo das operações cgnitivs da fase lógico-formal, tal como descritas por Piaget. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa com seis sujeitos, alunos do Centro pedagógico da universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, de idades entre 12 anos e nove meses a 14 anos. Tais sujeitos, que já dominavam os principais comandos do Logo Gráfico, resolveram, através deste, seis desafios referentes às operações cognitivas de compensação, razão-proporção, combinação, permutação e probalidade. Os dados foram coletados e analisados com base no método clínico. Entre as conclusões, sobressai a eficácia do LOGO na identificação e desenvolvimento das operações cognitivas, assim como, na análise das diversas estratégias utilizadas pelos alunos. Verificou-se, entretanto, que a eficácia do LOGO varia em função do sujeito e da natureza da tarefa. Assim, o uso do LOGO foi mais eficaz para aqueles que ainda não apresentavam completo domínio das operações cognitivas em estudo, como também na simulação de situações difíceis de ser apresentadas aos alunos. Sugere-se que o uso do LOGO e as pesquisas educacionais a ele relacionadas não fiquem restritos a situações espontâneas, como relato usualmente na literatura, mas envolvam, também, situações de aprendizagem sistemática das disciplinas curriculares.
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Munasinghe, Kankanamge Sarasi Madushika. « Facial analysis models for face and facial expression recognition ». Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/118197/1/Sarasi%20Madushika_Munasinghe%20Kankanamge_Thesis.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis examines the research and development of new approaches for face and facial expression recognition within the fields of computer vision and biometrics. Expression variation is a challenging issue in current face recognition systems and current approaches are not capable of recognizing facial variations effectively within human-computer interfaces, security and access control applications. This thesis presents new contributions for performing face and expression recognition simultaneously; face recognition in the wild; and facial expression recognition in challenging environments. The research findings include the development of new factor analysis and deep learning approaches which can better handle different facial variations.
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JORGE, MARIA P. P. M. « Determinacao da difusidade termica em baixas temperaturas pelo metodo fotoacustico da diferenca de fase com observacao de transicoes de fase ». reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1992. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10272.
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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:36:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:57:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 04244.pdf: 1340861 bytes, checksum: ea5e1d2264c02b151947f7f6b4d2f90f (MD5)
Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
14
Platania, Gabriele. « Efficacia delle manipolazioni thrust nel trattamento del low back pain in fase acuta e in fase cronica. Revisione della letteratura ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16914/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background
Il low back pain è un disturbo comune nella società occidentale ed un fardello economico non indifferente. Si definisce come una condizione di dolore e disagio che si localizza al di sotto del margine costale e al di sopra della piega glutea inferiore, a cui si può associare o meno un dolore irradiato riferito all’arto inferiore. Le tecniche utilizzate per fare fronte a questa patologia sono molteplici, di queste la manipolazione thrust è una delle più comuni e popolari, utilizzata dai professionisti di tutto il mondo.
Obiettivo:
Valutare,attraverso le evidenze scientifiche presenti in letteratura, l’effetto delle tecniche manipolative di tipo Thrust sul Low Back Pain in fase acuta e cronica.
Metodi:
I dati sono stati ottenuti attraverso la ricerca all’interno di banche dati come PUBMED, COCHRANE e PEDRO.
Sono stati inclusi studi clinici randomizzati con restrizioni riguardanti il tempo di pubblicazione, il linguaggio, la reperibilità del full-text, la tipologia di pazienti e l’outcome primario.
Risultati
In base ai criteri di inclusione sono risultati eleggibili 4 studi e 2 revisioni Cochrane. Le evidenze non sono univoche nello schierarsi a favore di questa tecnica, visto che vari studi non sono riusciti a rilevare differenze significative tra le manipolazioni thrust e altre tecniche. In altri le ricerche hanno invece verificato come i pazienti trattati con thrust manipulation abbiano ottenuto miglioramenti degni di nota negli outcomes soprattutto a breve termine.
Conclusioni
La manipolazione thrust rimane una delle tecniche di elezione nel trattamento del Low Back Pain, se questa tecnica sia più efficace rispetto ad altre non è chiaro e spesso dipende da molti fattori. Si consiglia quindi di utilizzarla all’interno di un programma terapeutico emerso dal confronto del ragionamento clinico del singolo professionista con le preferenze del paziente, in base alle risorse disponibili.
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Descatoire, Valérie. « Les créanciers face aux procédures d'insolvabilité en droit chinois ». Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D039.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La Chine a adopté le 27 août 2006 la loi « sur la faillite de la République populaire de Chine », consacrant la transition d’une économie socialiste, où peu de place était accordée aux droits des créanciers et des débiteurs, à une « économie socialiste de marché » où les droits des créanciers et des débiteurs se trouvent restaurés. La protection des créanciers est ainsi devenue l’une des principales préoccupations du droit chinois des procédures d’insolvabilité afin de favoriser l’investissement et de promouvoir la croissance économique de la Chine depuis son adhésion à l’Organisation mondiale du commerce. Eu égard à la place actuelle de la Chine dans l’économie mondiale, il est essentiel d’analyser le droit chinois des procédures d’insolvabilité ainsi que sa mise en œuvre afin de pouvoir apprécier la situation réservée aux créanciers et la pertinence de ses dispositifs de traitement des difficultés des entreprises, que l’on mettra en perspective avec ceux des droits français et américain.Ce droit chinois de l’insolvabilité se caractérise par sa prévisibilité pour les créanciers,qui peuvent envisager le déroulement des procédures d’insolvabilité tout en mesurant les risques, et par sa reconnaissance de leurs droits sur les actifs du débiteur, en particulier lorsque ces créanciers sont privilégiés. Il se révèle favorable aux créanciers en ce qu’il organise des procédures conformes aux standards de la pratique internationale du traitement de l’insolvabilité. Néanmoins, il se révèle insuffisant tant par ses carences en matière procédurale et substantielle qu’en raison des incertitudes qui subsistent dans sa mise en œuvre et dans la recherche des responsabilitésChina has adopted on August 27th, 2006 the "Bankruptcy Law of the People's Republic of China" consecrating the transition from a socialist economy, where little consideration was given to the rights of creditors and debtors to a "socialist market economy" where the rights of creditors and debtors are restored. Creditors protection has therefore become a major concern of insolvency proceedings under Chinese law in order to favor investment and promote economic growth of China since its accession to the World Trade Organization. Given the current position of China in the global economy, it is essential to analyze the insolvency proceedings under Chinese law and their implementation in order to assess the situation reserved to the creditors and the pertinence of the companies difficulties treatment solutions, putting them into perspective with those under French and American laws. Insolvency proceedings under Chinese law are defined by their predictability for creditors enabling them to consider the progress of these proceedings while measuring the risks, and by the recognition of creditors’ rights over the assets of the debtor in particular when they are secured creditors. They are favorable to creditors by complying with standards regarding international practice of insolvency treatment. Nevertheless, they are insufficient to creditors both by their deficiencies in procedural and substantive matters and by uncertainties subsisting in their implementation and in responsibilities research
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Sinic-Bouhaouala, Isabelle. « Les réformes de l'enseignement de l'histoire en Californie, 1983-2010 : l'excellence face au défi de l'hyperpluralisme ». Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030117.
Texte intégralRésumé :
En 1983, le rapport A Nation at Risk déclencha un mouvement national de réforme de l’éducation visant à faire de l’excellence scolaire la priorité des politiques éducatives des États. La Californie s’impliqua fortement dans ce mouvement, particulièrement dans le domaine de l’histoire. En 1988, les nouvelles Recommandations pour l’enseignement de l’histoire et des sciences sociales adoptées par le conseil californien de l’Éducation mirent l’histoire au centre du programme de social studies. Alors que les guerres culturelles divisaient le pays, la Californie élabora un programme qui visait à allier excellence scolaire et multiculturalisme. En 1998, la Californie définit des normes scolaires et des objectifs de niveau pour les écoles. À partir de là, les écoles furent tenues pour responsables des performances scolaires de leurs élèves. Contrairement à ce que les réformateurs avaient initialement prévu, les tests standardisés ramenèrent la mémorisation de faits isolés dans les classes d’histoire, au détriment du raisonnement critique et de la participation sociale. À travers le cas du district scolaire unifié de Los Angeles, nous étudions le mouvement pour l’excellence scolaire dans le contexte de l’hyperpluralisme politique et culturel californien. Nous isolons les étapes successives du processus de réforme depuis l’État jusqu’aux écoles afin de mettre en évidence plusieurs aspects de la politique éducative californienne : les objectifs politiques et la culture institutionnelle sur lesquels elle s’appuie, la complexité de la mise en oeuvre par les districts et les exigences contradictoires qui pèsent sur les enseignantsIn 1983, the report A Nation at Risk launched a national education reform movement to make academic excellence the states’ education policies top priority. California became deeply involved in this movement, particularly in the subject area of history. In 1988, the new History-Social Science Framework for California Public Schools, adopted by the State Board of Education, made history the focus of the social studies curriculum. While cultural wars were dividing the country, California drafted a framework aiming to combine academic excellence with multiculturalism. In 1998, California set academic standards and goals of achievement for schools. From then on, schools were held accountable for their students’ performance. Contrary to what reformers had initially planned, standardized testing brought memorization of discrete facts back to the history classroom, to the detriment of critical thinking and social participation. By focusing on the case of Los Angeles Unified School District, we examine the academic excellence movement within California’s political and cultural hyperpluralism. We single out the successive steps of the reform process from the state level to the schools to emphasize several aspects of California’s education policy: the political goals and institutional culture supporting the reform, the complexity of implementation at the district level, and the contradictory demands made on teachers
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Lacruche, Marc. « Caractérisation sécuritaire de circuits basse-consommation face aux attaques par laser ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4331/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La minimisation de la consommation d'énergie est primordiale lors de la conception de circuits. Cependant, il est nécessaire de s'assurer que cela ne compromette pas la sécurité des circuits. Et ce particulièrement face aux attaques physiques, les appareils mobiles étant des cibles idéales pour ces dernières.Ce travail vise à évaleur l'impact du body-biasing sur la résistance des circuits aux attaques laser. Ces techniques permettent d'ajuster dynamiquement le ratio consommation/performance d'un circuit en modifiant la tension de polarisation des caissons. Le manuscrit se découpe en quatre chapitres. Il commence par un état de l'art. Puis, le banc de test laser utilisé est présenté ainsi que le travail effectué pour permettre son automatisation et une première étude sur l'impact des impulsions laser de courte durée sur les mémoires SRAM. Le troisième chapitre rapporte les résultats d'une campagne d'injection de faute laser sur des mémoires soumises au body-biasing. Celle-ci permet de mettre en évidence une augmentation de la sensibilité au laser des circuits lorsque leur tension d'alimentation est réduite et que le Forward Body Biasing est utilisé. A partir de ces résultats, le dernier chapitre propose une méthode utilisant les capacités basse-consommation d'un microcontrôleur pour durcir un AES matériel. Ces travaux permettent ainsi de montrer que les techniques de réduction de la consommation peuvent constituer un risque sécuritaire potentiel si elle ne sont pas prises en compte correctement. Cependant, les capacités apportées au circuit dans ce cadre peuvent être détournées pour améliorer sa résistance aux attaquesThe increasing complexity of integrated circuits and the explosion of the number of mobile devices today makes power consumption minimisation a priority in circuit design. However, it is necessary to make sure that it does not compromise the security of sensitive circuits. In this regard, physical attacks are a particular concern, as mobile devices are ideal targets for these attacks.This work aims at evaluating the impact of body-biasing on circuit vulnerability to laser attacks. These methods allow to dynamically adjust the performance/consumption ratio of a circuit by modifying the bias voltage of the body. It is divided in four chapters. It begins by introducing cryptography, physical attacks and low power design methods. Then the test bench used during this thesis is described, as well as the developpement work done in order to allow its automation. Then an initial study of the impact of short duration laser pulses on SRAM memories is presented. The third chapter reports the results of a laser fault injection campaign on memories subjected to Forward Body-Biasing. The results show a sensitivy increase of the circuits when supply voltage is lowered and FBB is activated. Based on these results, the last chapter introduces a method using the body-biasing and voltage scaling capabilities of a microcontroller to harden a hardware AES embedded on the latter.In conclusion, this works shows that low-power design methods can induce additional security risks if they are not carefully taken into account. However the additional capabilities of the circuits intended for power consumption reduction can be used in a different way to enhance device resillience to attacks
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Etongué, Mayer Raoul. « Géosystèmes environnementaux : symbole de la loi naturelle face au pluralisme juridique dans la gestion de l'environnement ». Presses de l'Université Laurentienne, Sudbury, Ontario, 1999. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/163.
Texte intégralRésumé :
En cette fin du XXe siècle où les faillites de l'environnement nous interpellent; alors que la diminution de la couche d'ozone, la pollution urbaine et la perturbation des conditions climatiques hypothèquent l'existence biologique de l'humanité, on parle de plus en plus de lois applicables à la gestion de l`environnement. Leur contexte appartient à des cadres spatiaux et juridiques qui se calquent sur les limites politiques, administratives des états et regroupements régionaux. Là où existent les lois sur la gestion de l'environnement, leur application intégrale n'est point garantie. De puissants groupes de pression et des influences politiques complaisants imposent volontiers un silence destructeur. On constate par ailleurs que l'approche qui inspire le pluralisme politique ainsi reconnu se voulant répressive, soulève des interrogations. Qu'est-ce que 'environnement
et comment fonctionne-t-il? N'est-il pas important de reconsidérer le cadre
théorique des rapports entre l'homme et l'environnement? Pourquoi parler de
la gestion de l'environnement dans un contexte juridique?
La loi Naturelle structure les géosystèmes environnementaux. Lorsqu'ils connaissent la moindre rupture d'équilibre, un processus de
recherche de l'équilibre perdu se déclenche. Ainsi se comprend le principe de l'interpellation de la Terre, planète vivante, à l'endroit de l'humanité.
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Maillols, Anne-Catherine. « La responsabilité du fait des médicaments : l'industrie pharmaceutique face à la loi du 19 mai 1998 / ». Paris : Éd. de Santé, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb391529761.
Texte intégral
20
Ferreira, Arlan da Silva. « Expoente de Hurst e diagrama de fase para persistência induzida amnesticamente em processos não-markovianos ». Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2009. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1015.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Nowadays there has been a growing interest in anomalous diffusion: the super difusive
and sub-difusive processes. The problem about normal diffusion already well established
whereas many problems still exist in anomalous diffusion. Several mathematical models and
computational techniques have been developed to model such processes. In this work we studied
a non-Markovian Random Walk (RW), in one dimension in which the development of the
process is governed by decisions taken in the distant past. We used as tool of analysis, analytical
and numerical procedures (Monte Carlo method). In this problem, the walker takes its decisions
(go right or left) at a given time t, based on the decisions taken in the past, namely in a fraction f
of the total time. As far as the decision making process is considered only the distant past is
taken into account. This loss of recent memory leads the probability density function of the
position to change from Gaussian to non-Gaussian and leads to the emergence of log-periodic
oscillations in position, besides producing a change in the behavior of non-persistent to
persistent, causing anomalous diffusion. This change is characterized by the Hurst exponent, and
is found, surprisingly, in a region where there is negative feedback. The diagram of phases
depending on the parameters f and p (fraction of old memory and feedback), shows the following
phases: classical non persistence, classical persistence, log-periodic non persistence, log-periodic
persistence, Gaussian and non Gaussian with respect to the position of the walker.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Atualmente tem crescido o interesse por processos de difusão anômala, i.e., os super difusivos e sub-difusivos. O problema voltado para difusão normal já é bem conhecido, enquanto para difusões anômalas ainda existem vários problemas em abertos. Várias técnicas computacionais e modelos matemáticos têm sido desenvolvidos para modelar tais processos. Estudamos neste trabalho uma caminhada aleatória, não Markoviana em uma dimensão, em que o desenvolvimento do processo é regido por decisões tomadas em relação ao passado distante. Utilizamos como ferramenta de análise uma abordagem analítica e numérica (via método de Monte Carlo). Nesse problema, o caminhante toma suas decisões (entre ir para a direita ou para a esquerda), num determinado tempo t, com base nas decisões tomadas no passado, numa fração f do tempo transcorrido. Quando f<1 o passado recente é esquecido e apenas o passado distante é considerado. Essa perda de memória recente induz a função densidade de probabilidade da posição a passar de um regime Gaussiano para não Gaussiano e leva ao surgimento de oscilações log-periódicas na posição, além de produzir uma mudança no comportamento, de não persistente para persistente, ocasionando difusão anômala. Essa mudança é caracterizada pelo expoente de Hurst e ocorre também, surpreendentemente, numa região de feedback negativo. O diagrama de fases em função dos parâmetros f e p (fração de memória antiga e feedback), mostra as seguintes regiões: não persistência clássica; persistência clássica; não persistência log-periódica e persistência log-periódica; região Gaussiana e não Gaussiana da posição.
21
You, Sijun. « Long-term fate of non-neuronal cells in denervated nerve stumps ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq22046.pdf.
Texte intégral
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Bogle, Ryan Heath. « Beyond Instability : How Do Children Fare in Long-Term Cohabiting Unions ? » Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1277143411.
Texte intégral
23
Forment, Costa José María. « Destino y libertad en los romances de Thomas Hardy ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Abat Oliba CEU, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457768.
Texte intégralRésumé :
El tres romanços de Thomas Hardy - A Pair of Blue Eyes, The Trumpet–Major y Two on
a Tower- han estat inclosos com a exemples d’ obres pessimistes I fatalistes. Aquesta
tesi pretén mostrar que aquestes obres no s’ ajusten a aquest patró, sinó que els
personatges son lliures i que la tragedia final es conseqüència dels seus propis actes.
Al mateix temps, la tesi exemplifica la relació mimètica entre literatura i realitat a través
dels vincles amorosos dels protagonistes de les obres.
Així, amb tot, aquesta investigació amplia coneixements en l'obra de Hardy en llengua
castellana, especialment en relació amb les seves obres menors.Los tres romances de Thomas Hardy - A Pair of Blue Eyes, The Trumpet–Major y Two on a Tower- han sido incluidos como ejemplos de obras pesimistas y fatalistas. Esta tesis pretende mostrar que estas obras no se ajustan a este patrón, sino que los personajes son libres y que la tragedia final es consecuencia de sus propios actos. A la vez, la tesis ejemplifica la relación mimética entre literatura y realidad a través de los vínculos amorosos de los personajes principales de las obras. Así, con todo ello, esta investigación amplía el conocimiento en lengua castellana de la obra de Hardy, especialmente en relación a sus obras menores.
Thomas Hardy's three romances - A Pair of Blue Eyes, The Trumpet–Major and Two on a Tower- have been included as examples of pessimistic and fatalistic works. This thesis aims to show that these works do not conform to this pattern, but the characters are free and that the final tragedy is a consequence of their own acts. At the same time, the thesis exemplifies the mimetic relationship between literature and reality through the love links of the main characters of the works. Thus, this research expands the knowledge in Spanish of Hardy's work, especially in relation to his minor works.
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SILVA, José Ivson Soares da. « Reconhecimento facial em imagens de baixa resolução ». Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/16367.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-04-07T12:14:52Z
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FADE
Tem crescido o uso de sistemas computacionais para reconhecimento de pessoas por meio de dados biométricos, consequentemente os métodos para realizar o reconhecimento tem evoluído. A biometria usada no reconhecimento pode ser face, voz, impressão digital ou qualquer característica física capaz de distinguir as pessoas. Mudanças causadas por cirurgias, envelhecimento ou cicatrizes, podem não causar mudanças significativas nas características faciais tornando possível o reconhecimento após essas mudanças de aparência propositais ou não. Por outro lado tais mudanças se tornam um desafio para sistemas de reconhecimento automático. Além das mudanças físicas há outros fatores na obtenção da imagem que influenciam o reconhecimento facial como resolução da imagem, posição da face em relação a câmera, iluminação do ambiente, oclusão, expressão. A distância que uma pessoa aparece na cena modifica a resolução da região da sua face, o objetivo de sistemas direcionados a esse contexto é que a influência da resolução nas taxas de reconhecimento seja minimizada. Uma pessoa mais distante da câmera tem sua face na imagem numa resolução menor que uma que esteja mais próxima. Sistemas de reconhecimento facial têm um menor desempenho ao tratar imagens faciais de baixa resolução. Uma das fases de um sistema de reconhecimento é a extração de características, que processa os dados de entrada e fornece um conjunto de informações mais representativas das imagens. Na fase de extração de características os padrões da base de dados de treinamento são recebidos numa mesma dimensão, ou seja, no caso de imagens numa mesma resolução. Caso as imagens disponíveis para o treinamento sejam de resoluções diferentes ou as imagens de teste sejam de resolução diferente do treinamento, faz-se necessário que na fase de pré-processamento haja um tratamento de resolução. O tratamento na resolução pode ser aplicando um aumento da resolução das imagens menores ou redução da resolução das imagens maiores. O aumento da resolução não garante um ganho de informação que possa melhorar o desempenho dos sistemas. Neste trabalho são desenvolvidos dois métodos executados na fase de extração de características realizada por Eigenface, os vetores de características são redimensionados para uma nova escala menor por meio de interpolação, semelhante ao que acontece no redimensionamento de imagens. No primeiro método, após a extração de características, os vetores de características e as imagens de treinamento são redimensionados. Então, as imagens de treinamento e teste são projetadas no espaço de características pelos vetores de dimensão reduzida. No segundo método, apenas os vetores de características são redimensionados e multiplicados por um fator de compensação. Então, as imagens de treinamento são projetadas pelos vetores originais e as imagens de teste são projetadas pelos vetores reduzidos para o mesmo espaço. Os métodos propostos foram testados em 4 bases de dados de reconhecimento facial com a presença de problemas de variação de iluminação, variação de expressão facial, presença óculos e posicionamento do rosto.
In the last decades the use of computational systems to recognize people by biometric data is increasing, consequently the efficacy of methods to perform recognition is improving. The biometry used for recognition can be face, voice, fingerprint or other physical feature that enables the distiction of different persons. Facial changes caused by surgery, aging or scars, does not necessarily causes significant changes in facial features. For a human it is possible recognize other person after these interventions of the appearance. On the other hand, these interventions become a challenge to computer recognition systems. Beyond the physical changes there are other factors in aquisition of an image that influence the face recognition such as the image resolution, position between face and camera, light from environment, occlusions and variation of facial expression. The distance that a person is at image aquisition changes the resolution of face image. The objective of systems for this context is to minimize the influence of the image resolution for the recognition. A person more distant from the camera has the image of the face in a smaller resolution than a person near the camera. Face recognition systems have a poor performance to analyse low resolution image. One of steps of a recognition system is the features extraction that processes the input data so provides more representative images. In the features extraction step the images from the training database are received at same dimension, in other words, to analyse the images they have the same resolution. If the training images have different resolutions of test images it is necessary a preprocessing to normalize the image resolution. The preprocessing of an image can be to increase the resolution of small images or to reduce the resolution of big images. The increase resolution does not guarantee that there is a information gain that can improves the performance of the recognition systems. In this work two methods are developed at features extraction step based on Eigenface. The feature vectors are resized to a smaller scale, similar to image resize. In first method, after the feature extraction step, the feature vectors and the training images are resized. Then the training and test images are projected to feature space by the resized feature vectors. In second method, only the feature vectors are resized and multiplied by a compensation factor. The training images are projected by original feature vectors and the test images are projected by resized feature vectors to the same space. The proposed methods were tested in 4 databases of face recognition with presence of light variation, variation of facial expression, use of glasses and face position.
25
Bzay, Dulanto Gonzalo. « Efecto de los mananooligosacáridos sobre los parámetro productivos en cuyes (Cavia porcellus) durante la fase de engorde ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/14806.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autorEvalúa el efecto de los Mananooligosacáridos (MOS) sobre los parámetros productivos en cuyes (Cavia porcellus) durante la fase de engorde. Se emplearon 75 cuyes machos de 28 ± 3 días de edad, distribuidos aleatoriamente en tres tratamientos con 25 animales cada uno (cinco unidades experimentales por tratamiento y cinco cuyes por unidad experimental). Los 3 tratamientos se aplicaron a una dieta basal como sigue: Control (sin aditivos), APC (Zinc bacitracina 0.1 g/kg) y MOS (0.5 g/kg). El periodo experimental fue de 6 semanas. Se evaluó la ganancia de peso (Control 529 g; APC 534 g; MOS 554 g) consumo de materia seca (Control 3100 g; APC 3221 g; MOS 3288 g) e índice de conversión alimenticia (Control 5.84; APC 6.04; MOS 5.94). No se observó diferencia estadística (p>0.05) entre los tratamientos para ninguna de las características evaluadas. El rendimiento productivo de los cuyes que recibieron MOS a 0.5 g por kg en la dieta, fue similar al de los animales que recibieron APC. Sin embargo, la adición tanto de de MOS como de APC en la dieta no mostró un efecto positivo sobre los parámetros productivos en comparación al grupo control.
Tesis
26
Sun, Wei. « Three Essays on the Economic Decisions Faced by Elderly Households ». Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1187.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis advisor: Alicia H. MunnellThis dissertation contains three essays. Each considers an economic decision faced by elderly households. The cost of nursing home care represents a substantial financial risk for older households. Yet, only 10 percent purchase long-term care insurance (LTCI), with many relying on Medicaid. The first essay estimates a structural model of the LTCI purchase decision using Health and Retirement Study data. Estimates indicate that this population has a modest preference for higher quality care and thus Medicaid crowds out LTCI. In addition, housing wealth provides self-insurance against the cost of nursing home care, so that individuals who are "house-rich cash-poor" are less likely to purchase LTCI. I also evaluate public policies designed to stimulate the take-up of LTCI and reduce Medicaid spending. I find that a comprehensive 20 percent subsidy would increase take-up by 160 percent, but the resulting Medicaid savings would amount to only 22 percent of the subsidy cost. A targeted subsidy would be more likely to break even, but would have only a small effect on coverage. Full enforcement of Medicaid estate recovery programs would reduce Medicaid expenditure by 31 percent, but would have insignificant effect on LTCI coverage. The second essay investigates the impact of house prices fluctuations on the non-durable goods consumption decision of older households. House prices in the United States fluctuate over time with significant regional variation. Thus, understanding how these price movements affect households' consumption has important policy implications. Existing studies focus mostly on the working population, leaving the effect of older households, who could be either the largest beneficiaries or victims of house price fluctuations, unexamined. Using Health and Retirement Study data, I show that house price fluctuations significantly affect non-durable goods consumption of older households. Estimates indicate that both the wealth effect and a relaxed borrowing constraint increase consumption when house prices appreciate. In addition, I find that only unexpected changes in house prices lead to changes in consumption of non-credit constrained households, which is consistent with economic theory predictions. Finally, I provide evidence that older households usually fund the additional consumption by increasing mortgage debt, rather than by drawing down financial assets. The third essay evaluates the value of the additional longevity insurance acquired by delaying claiming social security benefit. Individuals can claim Social Security at any age from 62 to 70, although most claim at 62 or soon thereafter. Those who delay claiming receive increases that are approximately actuarially fair. I show that expected present value calculations substantially understate both the optimal claim age and the losses resulting from early claiming because they ignore the value of the additional longevity insurance acquired as a result of delay. Using numerical optimization techniques, I illustrate that for plausible preference parameters, the optimal age for non-liquidity constrained single individuals and married men to claim benefit is between 67 and 70. I calculate that Social Security Equivalent Income, the amount by which benefits payable at suboptimal ages must be increased so that a household is indifferent between claiming at those ages and the optimal combination of ages, can be as high as 19 percent
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Economics
27
MacKenzie, Graham. « Electrophysiological investigations of recognition memory : the role of pre-existing representations in recollection ». Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/324.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dual-process models of recognition memory propose that recognition memory can be supported by either a general sense of familiarity or the recollection of the encoding context. One source of evidence supporting dual-process models comes from event-related potential (ERP) studies of recognition memory, which have identified distinct patterns of neural activity associated with familiarity and recollection (the mid frontal and left parietal old/new effects, respectively). In this thesis, dual-process accounts of recognition memory were investigated in a series of ERP studies using three categories of stimulus: previously unknown faces, famous faces, and names. For previously unknown faces, familiarity was associated with activity over posterior scalp electrodes while recollection was associated with topographically dissociable activity over anterior electrodes. These dissociable patterns of activity support dual-process models. However, the typical pattern of old/new effects was only observed for stimuli associated with pre-existing representations (i.e., names and famous faces), suggesting that the presence/absence of pre-existing representations may determine the particular retrieval processes that support recognition memory. Furthermore, recollection was associated with two different patterns of activity (anterior and left parietal effects), suggesting that recollection is not a homogenous process. Dual-process theories may represent an important starting point for investigating recognition memory, but neither familiarity nor recollection appear to be functionally homogenous processes when theorizing is constrained by the analysis of scalp recorded electrophysiological activity.
28
Fathordoobadi, Sahar. « Long Term Impact of Biomineralization in Arsenic Fate Under Simulated Landfill Conditions ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/333208.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Lowering the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for arsenic in drinking water in the U.S., has caused a significant increase in the volume of Arsenic Bearing Solid Residuals (ABSRs) generated by drinking water utilities. Most of the affected utilities are smaller water treatment facilities, especially in the arid Southwest, and are expected to use adsorption onto solid sorbents for arsenic removal. Because of their high adsorption capacity and low cost, iron sorbents are used treatment technology and, when the sorbent's capacity is spent, these ABSRs are disposed in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills and as a consequence arsenic is likely being released into leachate. However, a mature landfill is a biotic, reducing environment, which causes arsenic reduction and mobilization from the ABSRs. It is well documented that iron and sulfur redox cycles largely control arsenic cycling and, because iron and sulfur are ubiquitous in MSW, it is suspected that they play key roles in arsenic disposition in the landfill microcosm. The purpose of this study is to investigate the degree to which sulfate can prevent arsenic from leaching into landfill through biomineralization and to study ABSRs biogeochemical weathering effect on arsenic sequestration. The primary routes of iron and sulfate reduction in landfills are microbially mediated and biomineralization is a common by-product. In this case, biomineralization is the transformation of ferric (hydr) oxides into ferrous iron phase and sulfate into sulfide minerals such as: siderite (FeCO₃), vivianite (Fe₃(PO₄)₂), iron sulfide (FeS), goethite (α-FeOOH), and realgar (AsS). In this work, long-term microbial reduction and biomineralization of iron, sulfur, and arsenic species are evaluated as processes that both cause arsenic release from landfilled ABSRs and may possibly provide a means to re-sequester As in a recalcitrant solid state. The work uses long-term, continuous flow-through laboratory-scale columns in which controlled conditions similar to those found in a mature landfill prevail. In these simulated landfill column experiments, formation of biominerals, same as those that would naturally occur in typical non-hazardous MSW landfills, will be investigated. The feed contains lactate as the carbon source and primary electron donor, and ferric iron, arsenate, and a range of sulfate concentrations as primary electron acceptors. Our results suggest that biomineralization changes the stability of arsenic through a number of different processes including (i) release of arsenic through reductive dissolution of iron-based ABSRs; and (ii) readsorption/incorporation of released arsenic to secondary biominerals. The influence of biominerals, which have less surface area and adsorption capacity than original AFH, on the retention of arsenic is also investigated in this study. Our results show that the concentration of sulfate fed to the system affects the biomineral formation, and that the relative amounts and sequence of precipitation of biominerals affect the free arsenic concentration that can seemingly be engineered by the concentration of sulfate fed to the system. Comparison between the columns with different sulfate concentrations indicate that inflow sulfate concentration higher than 2.08 mM decreases As mobilization to <50%.
29
Barbu, Elena Mihaela. « Les entreprises françaises cotées face à l'harmonisation comptable internationale : une analyse néo-institutionnelle d'un long processus vers l'homogénéité ». Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE0508.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A l’heure de l’application généralisée des normes IAS/IFRS par toutes les entreprises européennes dont les titres sont admis à la négociation sur un marché réglementé, cette recherche s'interroge sur les raisons qui ont amené les entreprises françaises cotées à appliquer ces normes. Puisque cette application est synonyme de l’homogénéité des normes comptables utilisées, nous choisissons comme fondement la théorie néo-institutionnelle. A chaque chapitre est appliqué un des concepts empruntés à cette théorie, considérée comme la clé de lecture de la thèse. Le processus d’harmonisation comptable internationale, commencé au début du vingtième siècle, peut être assimilé à un "processus d’institutionnalisation". Durant ce processus, les entreprises ont fait preuve de liberté, en choisissant les référentiels comptables les plus avantageux pour leurs comptes consolidés. Ce "vagabondage comptable" est révélé par l’analyse longitudinale des choix de référentiels comptables de cent groupes français à l'aide des normes statistiques vectorielles, de 1985 à 2000. Après cette date, on observe le passage vers les IAS/IFRS visant l’homogénéité des normes. Les questionnaires et les interviews avec des directeurs financiers d'entreprises françaises cotées sont alors analysés pour saisir la complexité des facteurs ayant abouti à l’homogénéité : un fort isomorphisme coercitif, un isomorphisme mimétique important et une quête de légitimité de la part des entreprises. Les facteurs identifiés par les répondants renvoient exclusivement aux influences nationales ou européennes. Un élargissement de l’analyse des influences, issues de "l'environnement institutionnel" et du "champ organisationnel" au niveau mondial, est ensuite réalisé pour discerner les raisons réelles qui ont conduit les entreprises à suivre la voie de l’homogénéité des normes comptables.
30
Bottini, Fabien. « La protection des décideurs publics face au droit pénal ». Le Havre, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LEHA0009.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A la fin du XXe siècle, les scandales politico-financiers et l’affaire du sang contaminé cristallisaient l’opposition de l'opinion publique à une immunité-impunité, à un pouvoir "responsable" mais pas "coupable". Etait ainsi relancé le débat récurrent sur la légitimité des immunités accordées aux représentants de la nation ou à leurs agents. Comme la loi commune offre déjà un certain nombre de garanties d'impartialité aux justiciables ordinaires, la question se pose de savoir si elle n'assure pas un degré de protection suffisant aux autorités. Alors, les décideurs publics doivent-ils bénéficier d’une protection renforcée face au droit pénal ? La question reçoit une réponse différente selon qu’on l’envisage sous l'angle des logiques démocratique ou représentative. Tandis que la première recommande de les soumettre à la loi pénale commune, expression de la volonté générale, la seconde justifie de les faire bénéficier de règles dérogatoires. Comment le droit positif règle-t-il la question ? Le droit public a-t-il pris parti pour l'une ou l'autre de ces logiques ? La spécificité des fonctions en cause ne justifie-t-elle pas de faire bénéficier les dépositaires du pouvoir de certaines immunités ? Celles-ci ne favorisent-elles pas en pratique la dérive oligarchique de la représentation ? A quelles conditions peuvent-elles être compatibles avec les valeurs démocratiques ?. . . Autant de questions auxquelles cette thèse essaie d’apporter une réponseIn the late 20th century, politico-financial scandals and the contaminated blood case formalized the opposition of the public opinion to the immunity-impunity granted to rulers viewed as "liable” but “not guilty”. The recurrent controversy over the legitimacy of the immunities given to the representatives of the nation or their officers was thus rekindled. As the law does offer some guarantees of impartiality to ordinary citizens to be tried, the question is whether it does not provide enough protection for authorities. In that case, should public deciders benefit from increased protection against criminal law ? The answer depends or whether the case is considered from the standpoint of the democratic logic or the representative one. While the former recommends subjecting government officials to criminal law as the expression of the general will, the latter makes it legitimate to apply exceptional arrangements to them. How does substantive law settle the question? Has public law chosen either logic ? Does the specificity of the offices involved not entitle government officials to some immunities ? Are such immunities not likely to promote the drift of popular representation toward oligarchy ? To what extend can they be reconciled with democratic values ? This thesis will attempt to answer such questions
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Gossé, Jean-Baptiste. « L'Europe face aux déséquilibres mondiaux : une analyse historique, théorique et empirique ». Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00544238.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Au cours des années 2000, les Etats-Unis ont bénéficié d'un transfert d'épargne sans précédent dans l'histoire. Cette thèse propose d'étudier les conséquences de ce phénomène de « déséquilibres mondiaux » pour l'Europe. Tout d'abord, nous mettons en évidence un cycle britannique des déséquilibres mondiaux (1815-1944) au cours duquel les Européens ont largement tiré parti des transferts d'épargne et un cycle américain (depuis 1944) durant lequel ils n'y participent que marginalement. A partir d'un modèle théorique, nous montrons que le cycle britannique est marqué par une boucle « balance courante – investissements à l'étranger – revenus d'investissement » qui permettait aux pays du centre européen de consommer davantage que leurs revenus tout en continuant à augmenter leurs détentions d'actifs étrangers et donc leurs rentes. Au cours du cycle américain, le modèle indique que l'accumulation de déséquilibres mondiaux résulte des stratégies de croissance des Etats-Unis, de l'Asie et de l'OPEP, et implique pour l'Europe : (i) un ralentissement de la croissance ; (ii) une appréciation de l'euro ; (iii) un faible impact sur la balance courante. A l'aide d'un modèle VAR structurel nous confirmons empiriquement ces trois résultats théoriques pour la zone euro. Enfin, nous montrons à partir du modèle théorique qu'en adoptant une stratégie de croissance tirée par la demande intérieure l'Europe aurait pu contrer ces effets néfastes. Une étude en panel de la relation de cointégration entre balance courante et solde budgétaire indique que la politique budgétaire aurait pu constituer un levier efficace surtout dans les petits pays de la zone euro.
32
Youmaran, Richard. « Algorithms to Process and Measure Biometric Information Content in Low Quality Face and Iris Images ». Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19729.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Biometric systems allow identification of human persons based on physiological or behavioral characteristics, such as voice, handprint, iris or facial characteristics. The use of face and iris recognition as a way to authenticate user’s identities has been a topic of research for years. Present iris recognition systems require that subjects stand close (<2m) to the imaging camera and look for a period of about three seconds until the data are captured. This cooperative behavior is required in order to capture quality images for accurate recognition. This will eventually restrict the amount of practical applications where iris recognition can be applied, especially in an uncontrolled environment where subjects are not expected to cooperate such as criminals and terrorists, for example. For this reason, this thesis develops a collection of methods to deal with low quality face and iris images and that can be applied for face and iris recognition in a non-cooperative environment. This thesis makes the following main contributions: I. For eye and face tracking in low quality images, a new robust method is developed. The proposed system consists of three parts: face localization, eye detection and eye tracking. This is accomplished using traditional image-based passive techniques such as shape information of the eye and active based methods which exploit the spectral properties of the pupil under IR illumination. The developed method is also tested on underexposed images where the subject shows large head movements. II. For iris recognition, a new technique is developed for accurate iris segmentation in low quality images where a major portion of the iris is occluded. Most existing methods perform generally quite well but tend to overestimate the occluded regions, and thus lose iris information that could be used for identification. This information loss is potentially important in the covert surveillance applications we consider in this thesis. Once the iris region is properly segmented using the developed method, the biometric feature information is calculated for the iris region using the relative entropy technique. Iris biometric feature information is calculated using two different feature decomposition algorithms based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA). III. For face recognition, a new approach is developed to measure biometric feature information and the changes in biometric sample quality resulting from image degradations. A definition of biometric feature information is introduced and an algorithm to measure it proposed, based on a set of population and individual biometric features, as measured by a biometric algorithm under test. Examples of its application were shown for two different face recognition algorithms based on PCA (Eigenface) and Fisher Linear Discriminant (FLD) feature decompositions.
33
Allen, Christopher Iain. « Closing the asylum : the changing face of care in a service for people with long-term mental health problems ». Thesis, University of Leicester, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31243.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this thesis, reviews are carried out concerning the establishment of asylums, the reasons for their closure, and the methods that have been used to evaluate care quality in services for people with long-term mental health problems. The studies carried out attempt to evaluate care quality in a service moving from asylum to community-based care. The first cross-sectional study comparing the care provided on the asylum ward and a community hostel suggested that institutional practices could be found in both. A second longitudinal study of the original asylum wards' closure and relocation to supported homes suggested that asylum closure could produce great turmoil. Although transfer to the community appeared to lead to some improvements in care, the study also highlighted how some of the measures used to determine care quality in asylums were less appropriate in community settings. A measure of interactions proved particularly useful in evaluating care in both settings and in two additional studies this was developed by using an event recorder and adding categories. Given the changes in population seen in the longitudinal study of ward closure, a further comparative study was carried out on the asylum population's level of functioning over a six year period. Discriminant analysis suggested that the more able had moved into community settings, while individuals with challenging behaviour such as verbal aggression, had remained in the asylum. Older residents had either died or moved to homes for the elderly. Over the eight years leading to the closure of the asylum evaluated in this thesis, there has been an increasing emphasis upon users' views. A cross-sectional study of subjective quality of life (comparing residents of a ward and people who had recently been discharged from the same ward) suggested improvements in subjective quality of life could follow a move to the community (although these differences were confounded by differences in the two populations). A longitudinal follow-up of the original residents once discharged to the community suggested fewer differences but also indicated that the nearness of final closure may be affecting how individuals perceived their move to the community.
34
Wongsaroj, Jarungwit. « Three-dimensional finite element analysis of short and long-term ground response to open-face tunnelling in stiff clay ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613981.
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Lefaivre, Roxane. « Impact à long terme d'un programme d'intervention écosystémique, en négligence, sur la perception des mères face à leur enfant / ». Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2000. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2218848R.html.
Texte intégral
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Lefaivre, Roxane. « Impact à long terme d'un programme d'intervention écosystémique, en négligence, sur la perception des mères face à leur enfant ». Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2000. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3080/1/000673352.pdf.
Texte intégral
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Camizán, Lozano Jaquelina Lisbel. « Factores en la fase de post-implementacion que influyen en los logros de los beneficios esperados en sistemas ERP ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/6411.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Identifica qué factores influyen en el logro de los beneficios planteados en un proyecto de sistema ERP los cuales deben ser gestionados en la fase de post-implementación. Propone un conjunto de factores determinantes: gestión del cambio, gestión de riesgos, mejoramiento continuo, gestión de proyectos. Luego de la evaluación de los grupos de factores se establece un conjunto de buenas prácticas que será de soporte a la gestión de factores que contribuyen al logro de los beneficios planteados para un sistema ERP.Tesis
38
Camizán, Lozano Jaquelina Lisbel, et Lozano Jaquelina Lisbel Camizán. « Factores en la fase de post-implementacion que influyen en los logros de los beneficios esperados en sistemas ERP ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. http://cybertesis.unmsm.edu.pe/handle/cybertesis/6411.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Identifica qué factores influyen en el logro de los beneficios planteados en un proyecto de sistema ERP los cuales deben ser gestionados en la fase de post-implementación. Propone un conjunto de factores determinantes: gestión del cambio, gestión de riesgos, mejoramiento continuo, gestión de proyectos. Luego de la evaluación de los grupos de factores se establece un conjunto de buenas prácticas que será de soporte a la gestión de factores que contribuyen al logro de los beneficios planteados para un sistema ERP.Tesis
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Tapia, Figueroa Romelia Ivette. « Las fake news : impacto social y nuevos desafíos para los servicios de información ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/15620.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Desarrolla un estudio analítico de la desinformación, con
el objetivo de ofrecer un estado del arte sobre la desinformación, así como sus
características, funcionamiento, consecuencias y derivaciones de esta, con el fin de
aportar a su sistematización y análisis. Para ello, con la bibliografía encontrada se
elaboraron categorías que permitieron organizar y relacionar la información recolectada.
De igual forma, se clasificó y sistematizó los hallazgos encontrados, para delimitar la
investigación y adecuarla hacia un enfoque bibliotecológico. En base a lo anteriormente
mencionada, se da el desarrollo de un análisis descriptivo acerca de la desinformación,
las fake news y sus tipos; además de los medios sociales y la posverdad, terminando con
un apartado que involucra a los servicios de información frente a estos hechos. A modo
de conclusión se determina la influencia de la desinformación en la época actual, y
reforzando la idea de que los profesionales de la información son necesarios para la lucha
contra la desinformación, desde la alfabetización informacional.
40
Meneses, Raúl. « Evaluation of Low-quality Forages in a Winter Dietary Regimen of Western White-Face Ewes Used for Milk Production ». DigitalCommons@USU, 1996. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3982.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The evaluation of ammoniation of mature grass (1/3 Festuca sp, 1/3 Bromus and 1/3 Dactylis sp) as a basal diet for pregnant ewes and its effects on ruminal fermentation were studied. Ammoniation increased the forage dry matter intake (DMI), crude protein (CP), and gross energy digestibility. Ruminal pH and total volatile fatty acid were not affected by ammoniation (P>.05). Individual VFA concentrations were affected significantly.
In a third experiment, ammoniated wheat straw was evaluated as a basal diet for wintering pregnant ewes. Ammoniated straw replaced grass hay in the diet. Dry matter intake was not different (P>.05). Final body weight total gain, and fleece weight were higher for controls (P.05).
A fourth experiment evaluated how rehydrating wheat straws prior to ammoniation affected utilization by pregnant western white-face ewes. These treatments increased dry matter and crude protein intakes significantly (P.05). Lamb birth weight was not affected by treatment (P=.874) and fleece weight increased (P<.05).
Nutritive value of 5 barley and 10 wheat straw varieties was evaluated for ruminants with the in situ technique. Fiesta and Kombar barley varieties exhibited the highest dry matter disappearance (P
In a final study, nitrogen and energy balance was measured on lactating western white-face ewes during early and late lactation. Milk production was .683 and .711 L/d during early and late lactation. Efficiency of milk production was .429 and .338 milk L/kg DM consumed for early and late lactation, respectively. Nitrogen balance was positive during both stages of lactation. Milk gross energy and metabolizable energy were 15.13 and 14.16% for early and late lactation, respectively.
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Abessolo, Ondoa Grégoire. « Réponse des plages sableuses d'Afrique de l'Ouest, golfe de Guinée, face au forçage multi-échelle ». Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30029.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse présente une étude multi-échelle du rôle des vagues, du niveau de la mer et des infrastructures humaines pour comprendre l'évolution à long terme des 400 km de côte sableuse dans la Baie du Bénin (Golfe de Guinée, Afrique de l'Ouest). La morphologie côtière et les forçages océaniques sont mesurés au niveau local par un système d'observation vidéo et au niveau régional par télédétection satellite. De nouvelles améliorations des techniques vidéo montrent le potentiel des systèmes vidéo dans l'estimation journalière du profil de la plage, des vagues et du niveau de la mer à la côte. Les résultats révèlent l'influence dominante des vagues sur la variabilité côtière aux échelles événementielle (journalière) et saisonnière, tandis qu'aux échelles intrasaisonnière et interannuelle, le trait de côte est modulé de manière dominante par les changements du niveau de la mer. Sur des périodes plus longues (décennies), les influences anthropiques, telles que les ports en eau profonde et la réduction des flux sédimentaires fluviaux (à l'exemple de la Volta et le Niger) due aux barrages, modifient considérablement le transport sédimentaire, conduisant à l'apparition de plusieurs zones d'érosion. Ces observations à long terme sont reproduites de manière satisfaisante par le modèle de trait de côte mis en œuvre, en particulier à proximité des ports, et permettent d'estimer, par exemple, la quantité de sédiments nécessaire pour limiter l'érosion en aval du port de Lagos. Outre leur intérêt fondamental, ces résultats constituent un cadre solide pour l'amélioration des politiques côtières dans la régionThis thesis presents a multi-scale investigation of the role of waves, sea level and human settlements to understand long-term coastal evolution of the 400-km long sandy Bight of Benin coast (Gulf of Guinea, West Africa). Coastal morphology and its ocean drivers are monitored using local shore-based video camera and regional satellite remote sensing. New video developpements show the potential of video camera in sensing daily beach profile, waves and sea level at the coast. The results reveal the dominant influence of waves on shoreline variability at the event (daily) and seasonal scales, whereas at the intraseasonal and interannual scales, the shoreline is dominantly modulated by sea level changes. Over longer periods (decades), anthropogenic influence, such as deep water harbours and the reduction of sediment river (such as Volta and Niger) discharge due to dams significantly alter sediment transport, creating several erosion zones. These observations over the long term are satisfactorily reproduced by the implemented shoreline model, specially in the vicinity of the harbors, and allows to estimate, for example, the amount of sediment nourishment necessary to limit erosion downstream of Lagos harbor. Beside their fundamental interest, these results put strong basis to improve regional coastal policies
42
Tuck, Alex Charles. « Genome-wide identification of non-canonical targets of messenger RNA synthesis and turnover factors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11719.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Pervasive transcription is widespread amongst eukaryotic genomes, and produces long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in addition to classically annotated transcripts such as messenger RNAs (mRNAs). LncRNAs are heterogeneous in length and map to intergenic regions or overlap with annotated genes. Analogous to mRNAs, lncRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, regulated by common transcription factors, and possess 5’ caps and perhaps 3’ poly(A) tails. However, lncRNAs perform distinct functions, acting as scaffolds for ribonucleoprotein complexes or directing proteins to nucleic acid targets. The act of transcribing a lncRNA can also affect the local chromatin environment. Furthermore, whereas mRNAs are predominantly turned over in the cytoplasm, both nuclear and cytoplasmic pathways reportedly participate in lncRNA degradation. In this study, I address the question of when and how lncRNAs and mRNAs are distinguished in the cell. Messenger RNAs interact with a defined series of protein factors governing their production, processing and decay, and I hypothesised that lncRNAs might be similarly regulated. I therefore sought to determine which mRNA-binding proteins, if any, also bind lncRNAs. I reasoned that this would reveal the point at which lncRNAs and mRNAs diverge, and how differences in their biogenesis and turnover equip them for different roles. I selected factors from key stages of mRNA metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and identified their transcriptome-wide targets using CRAC (crosslinking and analysis of cDNAs). CRAC can detect interactions with low abundance transcripts under physiological conditions, and reveal where within each transcript a protein is bound. Analyses of binding sites in mature mRNAs and intron-containing pre-mRNAs revealed the order in which the tested factors interact with mRNAs, and which region they bind. The poly(A)-binding protein Nab2 bound throughout mRNAs, consistent with an architectural role, whereas the cytoplasmic decay factors Xrn1 and Ski2 bound to poly(A) tails, which might act as hubs to coordinate turnover. The RNA packaging factors Tho2 and Gbp2, and nuclear surveillance factors Mtr4 and Trf4 bound abundantly to intron-containing premRNAs, indicating that they act during or shortly after transcription. The tested factors bound lncRNAs to various extents. LncRNA binding was most abundant for Mtr4 and Trf4, moderate for Tho2, Gbp2, the cap binding complex component Sto1, and the 3’ end processing factors Nab2, Hrp1 and Pab1, and lowest for Xrn1, Ski2 and the export receptor Mex67. This suggests that early events in lncRNA and mRNA biogenesis are similar, but unlike mRNAs, most lncRNAs are retained and degraded in the nucleus. Analyses of two documented classes of lncRNA, cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs) and stable unannotated transcripts (SUTs), revealed some differences. SUTs were most similar to mRNAs, with canonical cleavage and polyadenylation signals flanking their 3’ ends, and poly(A) tails bound by the poly(A)-binding protein Pab1. CUTs lacked these characteristics, and in comparison to SUTs bound more abundantly to Mtr4 and Trf4 and less so to Ski2, Xrn1 and Mex67. Furthermore, CUTs accumulated upon Hrp1 depletion, suggesting that Hrp1 functions non-canonically to promote CUT turnover. Mtr4, Trf4 and Nab2 also bound abundantly to promoter-proximal RNA fragments generated from ~1000 protein coding genes. These fragments possessed short oligo(A) tails (hallmarks of nuclear surveillance substrates), were not bound to cytoplasmic factors, and apparently correspond to a population of ~150-200 nt promoter-proximal lncRNAs. Notably, CRAC analyses of Mtr4 and Sto1 targets in yeast subjected to a media shift revealed widespread changes in the abundance and surveillance of mRNAs, promoter-proximal transcripts and CUTs, which at many loci were arranged in a complex transcriptional architecture. Overall, the transcriptome-wide binding analyses presented here reveal that lncRNAs diverge from mRNAs prior to export, and are predominantly retained in the nucleus. Transcript fate is apparently determined during 3’ end processing, with CUTs diverging from mRNAs early in transcription via a distinct termination pathway coupled to rapid turnover, and SUTs diverging during or shortly after cleavage and polyadenylation, making them more stable and perhaps prone to escape to the cytoplasm. Promoter-proximal transcripts might arise from termination associated with an early checkpoint in Pol II transcription. The diverse behaviours of lncRNAs arise from their association with distinct subsets of RNA binding proteins, some of which perform different roles when bound to different types of transcript. In conclusion, my results provide the foundation for a mechanistic understanding of how distinct classes of non-coding Pol II transcripts are produced, and how they can perform diverse functions throughout the nucleus.
43
Ribert, Evelyne. « L'attitude des jeunes étrangers face au choix d'une nationalité sous la loi du 22 juillet 1993 : identités, mémoire et appartenances ». Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0034.
Texte intégral
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Tobón, Berrio Luz Estela. « Les droits de l’enfant face aux punitions corporelles dans la famille ». Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100157.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L’objectif de cette recherche est d’appréhender les punitions corporelles en tant que phénomène éducatif au regard des droits des enfants à partir des représentations sociales des parents ordinaires. L’étude a impliqué des mères et pères de familles biparentales, sans risque économique, habitant la ville de Barranquilla en Colombie. La démarche s’inscrit dans une perspective pluridisciplinaire combinant l’éducation familiale, la théorie des représentations sociales issue de la psychologie sociale et les études sur la conscience du droit, issues de la sociologie juridique (Legal Consciousness Studies - LCS). Le recueil de données a été réalisé avec deux instruments : le réseau d’associations et l’entretien semi-directif. Le premier permet de recueillir les mots évoqués de façon spontanée à partir d’un terme inducteur et d’atteindre la construction du contexte sémantique de la représentation. L’analyse prototypique des réseaux avec le logiciel EVOC 2003 a permis d’explorer la structure représentationnelle. Cinq objets de représentations ont été examinés pour la caractérisation de son contenu et de sa structure : Punitions-récompenses, Droits de l’enfant, Autorité des pères et mères, Éducation dans la famille, Garçons-Filles. Cette approche a contribué à une compréhension approfondie du phénomène des punitions corporelles du point de vue des acteurs. L’analyse des entretiens a été faite avec le logiciel Atlas.ti en s’appuyant sur les catégories conceptualisantes. Cette analyse permet d’approfondir la connaissance des éléments représentationnels et leur relation avec la narration du quotidien par les parents. Les récits obtenus décrivent la reconstruction par les participants des discours issus de la tradition, du champ juridique et du champ savant, trois discours qui sont intégrés dans le réseau de la pensée sociale. L’examen de la reformulation du discours juridique et de la représentation sociale des droits des enfants ouvrent la voie à la compréhension de la construction par les parents ordinaires d’une légalité particulièreThe research aimed to characterize corporal punishment as an educational phenomenon in tension with the rights of the children, from the social representations of ordinary parents. The study included parents from bi-parental families, excluding the population in economic risk, living in Colombia. The approach involved a multidisciplinary perspective -family education, theory of social representations and legal consciousness studies (LCS)-. The gathering of data is performed with two instruments: the associations networks and semi-structured interviews. The first one allows to reach the construction of the semantic context of the representation. The prototypical analysis of networks made with the EVOC 2003 software led to the exploration of the representational structure. Five objects of representation were examined for the characterization of their content and structure: Punishments-rewards, Children’s rights, Parental authority, Family education, Boys-girls. This approach searched for a deep understanding of the phenomenon of corporal punishment from the point of view of the actors. The treatment of the interviews by the Atlas.ti software was made using conceptualizing categories. This analysis allowed deepening the knowledge of representational elements and their link with stories of everyday life from the parents. The obtained narratives exposed the participants' reconstruction of the discourses emerging from tradition, the legal field, and the learned field; which would be integrated to the social thought network. The examination of the reformulation of the legal discourse and the social representation of children’s rights opens the way to understanding the construction of special legality by the parents on a daily basis
La investigación tuvo por objetivo caracterizar el castigo físico en tanto fenómeno educativo en tensión con los derechos de los niños desde las representaciones sociales de los padres ordinarios. El estudio se desarrolló en Colombia con madres y padres de familias biparentales. Éste se inscribe en una perspectiva multidisciplinaria - educación familiar, teoría de las representaciones sociales y estudios de la consciencia del derecho -. La recolección de los datos se realizó a través de dos instrumentos: las redes de asociaciones y las entrevistas semi-estructuradas. El primero permite alcanzar la construcción del contexto semántico de la representación. El análisis prototípico de las redes con el software EVOC 2003 conduce a explorar la estructura representacional. Cinco objetos de representaciones fueron examinados para la caracterización de su contenido y estructura: Castigos- premios, Derechos de los niños, Autoridad de los padres y madres, Educación en la familia, Niños-niñas. Esta aproximación busca la comprensión del castigo físico desde la perspectiva de los actores. El tratamiento de las entrevistas en el software Atlas.ti se realizó con la ayuda de categorías conceptualisantes. Dicho análisis permite acceder al conocimiento de los elementos representacionales y su relación con las narrativas acerca del cotidiano de los padres. Los relatos recogidos exponen la reconstrucción realizada por los participantes de los discursos emergentes de la tradición, el campo jurídico y de origen experto, los cuales estarían integrados en la red de pensamiento social. El examen de la reformulación del discurso jurídico y la representación social de los derechos de los niños abre la vía a la comprensión de la legalidad particular construida por los padres en el cotidiano
45
Van, Drooge Barend L. « Long-range atmospheric transpod and fate of persistent organic pollutants in remote mountain areas ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3660.
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Goodwyn, Sherry Elizabeth. « The work of long-term care case managers, the two faces of case management ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ32664.pdf.
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47
Miranda, Ramos John Godofredo. « Calor específico en la fase antiferromagnética de los borocarburos RNi2B2C (R=Gd,Ho,Er) ». Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/5482.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Estudia los compuestos cuaternarios llamados borocarburos de níquel, los cuales tienen la formula general RNi2B2C donde R es una tierra rara. Esta es realizada en el marco de una aproximación lineal de la teoría de ondas de espín. Específicamente, realizamos cálculos analíticos de relación, de dispersión, energía interna y calor específico, en presencia de campo magnético externo. Estos materiales presentan diagramas de fases magnéticas muy variadas e interesantes. Los resultados obtenidos son contrastados con resultados experimentales de otros investigadores, con monocristales de RNi2B2C con R=Ho, Gd, Er. El calor específico magnético de los compuestos, GdNi2B2C, ErNi2B2C y HoNi2B2C, respectivamente, es ploteado en función de la temperatura, haciendo variar el campo magnético externo. Concluye que la teoría de ondas de espín permite dar resultados confiables del aporte de los magnones libres al calor específico a temperaturas bajas, en presencia de campo magnético externo, así como es ampliamente estudiado sin el campo magnético externo.Tesis
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Merchant, Nicole Dawn. « Problems American Indian/Alaska Native adult patients face when attempting the long term self management of their type II diabetes disease process ». Thesis, Montana State University, 2010. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2010/merchant/MerchantN0510.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The American Indian/Alaska Natives people are plagued by Type II Diabetes. The poor management of this disease process has dire effects on the morbidity and mortality of this population. It is imperative to identify the challenges that this group of people face with the self-management of Type II Diabetes. The conceptual framework for this study was based on Dorothea Orem's health deviation of self-care requisites. These health deviations result from the disease state and are used for diagnosis and treatment (Orem, 1985). The literature review and the discussion of results with the relevant literature were organized according to Orem's six themes of health deviations in the self-management. A qualitative research method, involving open-ended interviews with five Native American participants, was used. The participants were asked questions regarding their diagnosis, challenges in self-management, knowledge of long term effects, and additional needed resources. The data were analyzed using Luborsky's (1994), method of thematic analysis to identify the challenges Native American adults encounter in the self-management of Type II Diabetes, resulting in 8 topics. These included: a) feelings about Type II Diabetes diagnosis and the implications for lifestyle changes, b) prior experiences with family who have Type II Diabetes, c) challenges and lifestyle changes in managing Type II Diabetes, d) personal contributing factors to poor management, e) support systems for managing Type II Diabetes, f) identification of good management of Type II Diabetes, g) knowledge of long term effects of Type II Diabetes, h) additional support and resources needed to manage Type II Diabetes. Diabetes is a complex disease process that requires ongoing education and consistent medical care. It is essential that health care providers evaluate and tailor their care to the challenges of their patient population to improve the health status of those with Type II Diabetes.
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Subega, Eloi. « La "loi" de Wagner face à l'évolution des dépenses publiques contemporaines : cas de 17 pays d'Afrique, d'Amérique Latine, d'Asie et des Caraïbes ». Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985CLF1D019.
Texte intégral
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Medeiros, João António Cavaco. « Empregabilidade e cidadania. Expectativas dos alunos do secundário face à inserção no mercado de trabalho ». Master's thesis, ISEG, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/22094.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Mestrado em Sociologia Económica e das Organizações.Empregabilidade e cidadania : Expectativas dos Alunos do Ensino Secundário face à sua inserção no Mercado de Trabalho. Vol II Procuraremos desenvolver ao longo do nosso trabalho a relação (que nos parece cada dia mais estreita) entre empregabilidade e cidadania, ressaltando os seguintes aspectos: - o direito à formação ao longo da vida não pode perpetuar uma sociedade de educação a dois níveis. Nos países da OCDE, uma parte crescente da população com actividades económicas integra uma "economia do saber" e exige níveis altos de qualificação. E todos os outros?; - um sistema plural de parcerias com estabelecimentos de ensino, autarquias, sindicatos, empresas ... deveria permitir que esta formação se fizesse ora na escola ora em contexto de trabalho, permitindo a actualização de conhecimentos e a aquisição de outras competências que facultassem a todos uma verdadeira (e jusía!) integração no(s) novo(s) mercado(s) de trabalho-, - para além de outros factores, só uma equitativa apropriação de novas tecnologias pode ajudar o desenvolvimento e a plena integração de uma população que, como a nossa, apresenta uma taxa significativa de abandono escolar e possui baixa escolaridade.
This paper examines the relationship, which every day seems stronger, between employability and citizenship. It emphasises the following points: - the right to life-long-leaming cannot continue while education in society exists on two leveis. In the westem economically developed countries, a growing part of the economically active population is part of a community of knowledge that demands high leveis of qualifications. However, what about ali the otlier citizens? - a plural sysíern of partnerships between educational establishments, local authorities, trade unions and businesses should allow this training and education, whether it takes place in educational establishments or in work context, to keep citizens' knowledge up to date. They should also have the opportunity to acquire new skills that would give them a realistic, and deserved, opportunity to become integrated into new work markets-, - along with other factors, only by fairly making available new technologies, can we help fiilly integrate and develop our population, which has a high rate of school dropouts and a low levei of educational qualifications.
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