Bibliographies thématiques / Ex-ante and ex-post policy evaluation

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Ex-ante and ex-post policy evaluation »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 11 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Ex-ante and ex-post policy evaluation"

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Mergaert, Lut, et Rachel Minto. « Ex Ante and Ex Post Evaluations : Two Sides of the Same Coin ? » European Journal of Risk Regulation 6, no 1 (mars 2015) : 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x0000427x.

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This article engages with two themes of contemporary EU governance: the role of evaluations within an effective and coherent policy–making process and the EU's constitutionalised commitment to promoting gender equality in all its activities (Article 8 TFEU). It focuses on the interface between ex ante and ex post evaluation and the contribution of evaluations to policy learning, with particular attention to the promotion of gender equality. A case study approach is followed, with EU research policy as the object of analysis.
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Smismans, Stijn. « Policy Evaluation in the EU : The Challenges of Linking Ex Ante and Ex Post Appraisal ». European Journal of Risk Regulation 6, no 1 (mars 2015) : 6–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00004244.

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The EU's new approach to policy evaluation is characterised by a focus on closing the policy cycle (linking ex ante and ex post appraisal) and by applying evaluation to all types of policy intervention, whether expenditure or regulatory policy. This article analyses the main features and challenges of this new approach. It first studies the conceptual and interdisciplinary challenge of such an encompassing approach to evaluation. It then assesses the new approach in the light of four key objectives of ex ante and ex post appraisal; ensuring evidence and learning; accountability, transparency and participation; policy coherence; and reducing the regulatory burden.
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Müller, Matthias, Muhamed Kudic et Andreas Pyka. « Ex-ante Evaluation von Investitionsalternativen ». TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis 26, no 3 (18 décembre 2017) : 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/tatup.26.3.51.

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Der Beitrag zeigt, wie mit Hilfe der Methode der agentenbasierten Modellierung und Simulation (ABMS) ein Beitrag zur ex-ante Policy-Beratung geleistet werden kann. Anhand eines exemplarischen Anwendungsfalls, der VISIBLE Simulationsumgebung („Virtual Simulation Lab for the Analysis of Investments in Learning and Education“), diskutieren wir die Konsequenzen unterschiedlicher Kooperationsförderinstrumente für Wissensdiffusionsprozesse in Netzwerken am Beispiel der Region Heilbronn-Franken. Die Simulationsergebnisse zeigen, dass die strukturelle Konfiguration eines regionalen Innovationssystems eine zentrale Bedeutung für die Gestaltung von Kooperationsfördermaßnahmen hat und dass Interventionen, die darauf abzielen, Wissenstransfer zwischen den Akteuren anzuregen, genau die entgegengesetzten Wirkungen entfalten können.
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Paul, Regine. « Analyse and rule ? A conceptual framework for explaining the variable appeals of ex-ante evaluation in policymaking ». der moderne staat – Zeitschrift für Public Policy, Recht und Management 13, no 1-2020 (25 juin 2020) : 124–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/dms.v13i1.11.

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This article integrates disparate explanations for increasing (but variable) turns to ex-ante policy evaluation, such as risk analysis, across public administrations. So far unconnected silos of literature – on policy tools, policy instrumentation, the politics of evaluation and the political sociology of quantification – inconsistently portray ex-ante evaluation as rational problem-solving, symbolic actions of institutional self-defence, or (less often) political power-seeking. I synthesise these explanations in an interpretivist and institutionalist reading of ex-ante evaluation as contextually filtered process of selective meaning-making. From this methodological umbrella emerges my unified typology of ex-ante evaluation as instrumental problemsolving (I), legitimacy-seeking (L) and powerseeking (P). I argue that a) these ideal-types coexist in policymakers’ reasoning about the expected merits of ex-ante evaluation, whilst b) diverse institutional contexts will favour variable weightings of I, L and P in policymaking. By means of systematisation the typology seeks to inspire an interdisciplinary research agenda on varieties of ex-ante evaluation.
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Carini, Cristian, Laura Rocca, Monica Veneziani et Claudio Teodori. « The first impact of EU regulation on non-financial disclosure : An exploratory analysis in the oil & ; gas sector ». Corporate Ownership and Control 17, no 1 (27 septembre 2019) : 24–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv17i1art3.

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Directive 2014/95, in force since 2017, is the first European step that requires companies to provide mandatory non-financial information (NFI). The regulation concerns sustainability information with the policy goal of increased accountability and comparability among European “public interest entities” on that matters. According to the framework of Regulatory Integrated Assessment (RIA), the study compares the disclosure before and after the Directive application considering the content (what) and the location of the information in companies’ reports (where). Content analysis is applied to both financial and non-financial reports to create a disclosure scoring index and an overlapping one. Thus to compare the ex-ante analysis to the ex-post by a quantitative scoring system. The research contributes to the debate on the regulatory policy evaluation examining whether the ex-post assessment reveals a change in companies’ reporting behaviour about non-financial information, i.e. if the regulation achieves its policy objectives of improving sustainability disclosure. Findings show differences between the ex-ante and the ex-post phase: after the enforcement of the Directive there is an increase in the degree of disclosure (what) and a reduction in the level of overlap (where), with more companies choosing “embedded” reports. These results are a preliminary step in the regulatory policy evaluation and they answer to the request of more studies on the ex-post implementation review of regulation.
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Luchetta, Giacomo. « Impact Assessment and the Policy Cycle in the EU ». European Journal of Risk Regulation 3, no 4 (décembre 2012) : 561–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00002476.

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With the Communication on Smart Regulation issued in October 2010, the European Commissiontried to foster a better management of the whole policy cycle. According to thatCommunication, amending policy proposals must be preceded by an ex-post assessmentof the current situation, allowing “closing the policy cycle”. This paper tries to answer thequestion whether the EU Impact Assessments System is fit to steer and close the policy cycle,and what is the relation between ex-ante IA and ex-post evaluation “on the ground” so far. This is done via a macro and micro analysis, based on scorecard approach and three casestudies, comparing the EU IA system performance with a theoretical benchmark derived from the EU policy document and process. The paper concludes that the EU Impact Assessmentsystem, as it is currently designed and implemented, is not yet fi t to steer and closethe policy cycle. To achieve this goal, all the analytical and empirical layers of the policycycle should be fully dealt with since the ex-ante phase.
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Nicolaisen, Morten Skou, et Patrick A. Driscoll. « An International Review of Ex-Post Project Evaluation Schemes in the Transport Sector ». Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 18, no 01 (mars 2016) : 1650008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333216500083.

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There are a number of ex-post (or post-opening) project evaluation schemes used by national transportation authorities in, among others, England, Scotland, France, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Norway and the US. Additionally, many of the multilateral and bilateral lending institutions, such as the World Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Inter-American Development Bank and the Asian Development Bank conduct ex-post project reviews of transport projects in the rail and road sectors. This paper presents a literature review of the various ex-post evaluation schemes in order to establish a state-of-the-art in ex-post road and rail project evaluation, develops an analytic typology of ex-post evaluation schemes and finally presents an in-depth case study of two ex-post evaluation schemes in Norway and England in order to provide a more detailed analysis of the process, structure and policy learning potential within ex-post project evaluation. In comparison to the extensive focus on ex-ante project appraisal, ex-post evaluations have received significantly less attention from academics and practitioners alike. The main findings are as follows: (1) Despite the widespread use globally of ex-post evaluation schemes in the transport sector, there remain significant differences in quality, coverage and comprehensiveness of the schemes. There is a striking lack of standardised methods of conducting ex-post evaluations at the national level, inhibiting the comparability and learning potential; (2) Even with legal mandates and decades of practice, data archiving and retrieval is a widespread problem for national transport planning agencies and (3) How to handle the counter-factual option (i.e. do-nothing/do-minimum/null option) is still very much an open question, which has significant impacts upon the forecasted and outturn benefit/cost ratios and environmental/social impacts.
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Sendjaja, Denny Wahyu, Gregorius Yorrie Rismanto et Nico Andrianto. « ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK DALAM PEMERIKSAAN KINERJA ». Jurnal Tata Kelola & ; Akuntabilitas Keuangan Negara 1, no 1 (1 janvier 2015) : 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.28986/jtaken.v1i1.20.

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One of issues in performance audit is what method to be used if auditor wants to gain understanding of policies underlying entity’s activities. This study aims to provide an understanding regarding policy cycle and its development; to describe the relationship between governance system, understanding of public policy and performance audit; and to develop framework and scope of public policy analysis in the performance audit. The study prepared by Tim Litbang BPK using literature study, enriched by discussions with speakers from Vrije Universiteit, as well as field trips to ARK and other government entities inNetherlands. Furthermore, the team developed initial information and analysed i t using ISSAI 3000 perspective. Based on policydevelopment cycle, team has developed a framework for public policy analysis on performance audit. The study concluded that ideal entity’s performance evaluation would be to assess the policy before and after the policy implementation (ex-ante and ex-post). Ideally, performance audit over policy is held by entity other than the policy’s subject itself. BPK meets the criteria.KEYWORDSpolicy, performance audit, ex-ante, ex-postABSTRAKSalah satu isu dalam pemeriksaan kinerja yang memiliki urgensi tinggi yaitu metode apakah yang dapat digunakan pemeriksa untuk mendapatkan pemahaman atas kebijakan yang melatarbelakangi kegiatan utama entitas. Analisis kebijakan publik dalam pemeriksaan kinerja ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman khususnya mengenai siklus kebijakan dan pengembangannya; menjelaskan hubungan sistem tata kelola pemerintahan, pemahaman kebijakan publik dan pemeriksaan kinerja; serta mengembangkan kerangka kerja dan menjelaskan cakupan analisis kebijakan publik dalam pemeriksaan kinerja. Kajian ini disusun oleh Tim Litbang BPK dengan menggunakan studi literatur mengenai teori-teori kebijakan publik, diskusi dengan nara sumber dari Vrije Universiteit, serta kunjungan lapangan ke Algemene Rekenkamer (ARK) dan beberapa entitas pemerintah lainnya di Belanda. Selanjutnya, Tim mengembangkan informasi awal tersebut serta menganalisisnya dengan mempertimbangkan perspektif ISSAI 3000 Performance Audit Guidelines. Dengan menggunakan siklus pengembangan kebijakan, Tim telah menyusun kerangka kerja analisis kebijakan publik dalam pemeriksaan kinerja. Hasil kajian menyimpulkan bahwa penilaian kinerja entitas yang ideal adalah dengan mengukur suatu kebijakan pada tahap sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan kebijakan (ex-ante dan ex-post). Pemeriksaan atas kinerja suatu kebijakan pada tahap ex-ante dan ex-post (kecuali produk kebijakan itu sendiri) secara ideal dilakukan oleh entitas pengendali yang bukan merupakan subjek kebijakan itu sendiri. BPK sebagai badan pemeriksa eksternal pemerintah memenuhi syarat tersebut.KATA KUNCIkebijakan, pemeriksaan kinerja, ex-ante, ex-post
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Peichl, Andreas. « Simulationsmodelle zur ex ante Evaluation von Steuerreformen ». Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik 58, no 1 (1 avril 2009) : 127–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfwp-2009-0109.

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AbstractMicrosimulation models (MSM) and Computable General Equilibrium models (CGE) have both been widely used in policy analysis. The combination of these two model types allows the utilization of the advantages of both types. The aim of this paper is to describe the state-of-the-art in simulation modeling and to demonstrate the benefits of linking both model types modeling using a flat tax reform proposal for Germany
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Westhoek, H., R. van den Berg, W. de Hoop et A. van der Kamp. « Economic and environmental effects of the manure policy in The Netherlands : synthesis of integrated ex-post and ex-ante evaluation ». Water Science and Technology 49, no 3 (1 février 2004) : 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0174.

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This paper summarises the results of both an ex-post evaluation of the Dutch Mineral Accounting System (MINAS) and an ex-ante evaluation of the effect of different levy-free surplus values. The MINAS system has been introduced in 1998 in order to reduce nitrate and phosphate leaching from agricultural soils. MINAS resulted in a reduction of the N surplus on dairy farms of approximately 50 kg ha-1 to limited or no costs to the farms involved. MINAS resulted in higher costs for manure removal for intensive livestock farmers. Though emissions of N and P have decreased significantly during the last five years effects of this reduction in environmental quality cannot be observed, except for a small decrease in nitrate concentration of the upper groundwater. The ex-ante evaluation of different variants for possible future levy-free surplus levels indicated that under the lowest variant, the nitrate concentration in groundwater will exceed 50 mg per litre on 14% of the area. The environmental effect of the different variants for P were not distinguished. The lowering of the levy-free surplus for P will have a drastic effect on the intensive livestock farms. The incorporation of fertiliser P under the MINAS system would be a cheap option to reduce the P surplus.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Ex-ante and ex-post policy evaluation"

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Trotignon, Raphaël. « In search of the carbon price : The european CO2 emission trading scheme : from ex ante and ex post analysis to the protection in 2020 ». Thesis, Paris 9, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA090052.

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Cette thèse est une évaluation des deux premières phases du Système Communautaire d’Echange de Quotas d’Emission (SCEQE). Il s'articule autour de la construction progressive d'un modèle de simulation, ZEPHYR-Flex, qui vise à reproduire les évolutions du prix et des émissions observés entre 2005 et 2012, et à les projeter jusqu'en 2020 sous différentes séries d'hypothèses. L'analyse ex post des huit premières années du système révèle que, pour comprendre son évolution, il est nécessaire d'étudier en détail le rôle joué par trois mécanismes de flexibilité: les échanges de quotas, la flexibilité spatiale (crédits carbone), et la flexibilité temporelle (banking/borrowing). Dans un premier temps, nous construisons un cadre technico-économique servant de base au mécanisme simulant les échanges de quotas dans le modèle. Le rôle des crédits carbone est ensuite examiné et un scénario pour leur utilisation jusqu'en 2020 est calculé sur cette base. Ensuite, la flexibilité temporelle est introduite dans le modèle qui, une fois les trois mécanismes de flexibilité réunis, peut reproduire la trajectoire passée du prix et des émissions. Le modèle et les leçons tirées des deux premières phases sont ensuite utilisés dans différents scénarios prospectifs à l'horizon 2020. Parmi les scénarios testés, seul un renforcement du plafond d’émission en ligne avec l'objectif européen de 2050 est en mesure de restaurer la confiance et les anticipations associées au système, deux facteurs qui conditionnent l'efficacité du SCEQE à long terme. La nécessité d’articuler correctement le SCEQE avec les autres politiques climat-énergie est également soulignée
This thesis is an evaluation of the first two phases of the EU ETS. It is articulated around the progressive construction of a simulation model, ZEPHYR-Flex, which aims at being able to replicate the observed price and emissions trajectories between 2005 and 2012, and to project them until 2020 under different sets of assumptions. The ex post analysis of the first eight years of the system reveals that to understand its development, it is necessary to study in details the role played by three flexibility mechanisms: trading, spatial flexibility (offsets), and time flexibility (banking/borrowing). In a first stage, we build a technical-economic framework for the core trading mechanism of the model. The role of offsets is then scrutinized and a scenario for their use up to 2020 is calculated on this basis. Next, the time flexibility and the related banking and borrowing behavior are introduced into the model which can then replicate the past price and emission trajectory. The model and the lessons from the first two phases are then used in different prospective scenarios to 2020. Among the scenarios tested, only a strengthening of the cap in line with the 2050 European reduction target is able to restore confidence and anticipations, two factors needed for the efficiency of the EU ETS in the long term. The issue of correctly articulating the EU ETS with other climate-energy policies is also underlined
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Tedeschi, Federico. « An "ex ante"evaluation of the effects of reforms to an Italian labour market policy ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425509.

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My thesis is about "ex ante" policy evaluation, i.e. the estimate of the impact of a public intervention on a defined outcome measure prior to its implementation. The policy regime I analyze is an Italian labour market program targeted to dismissed employees, called "Liste di mobilità'' (literally, "Mobility lists'', LM hereafter), which includes both a "passive'' component (monetary benefits to part of the unemployed workers) and an "active'' one (money transfer for the firm hiring them). Length of the period in the LM and entitlement to benefits vary according to the age of the worker and the size of the firm at time of dismissal. However, the amount of the unemployment subsidy (for people entitled to them) is proportional to the last wage earned. Linked administrative panel data set for the Veneto region (a large region in the Northeastern Italy) are used. Information about people ever entered in the LM (including labour market history, socio-demographic chacteristics, entitlement to receive monetary benefits and characteristics of the firms where they have been employed) is available. My interest is on the effect of possible changes to the existing policy regime on the probability of re-employment in the 36 months subsequent to enrollment in the LM. Since it deals with potential reforms to the current policy, I need to perform an "ex-ante" policy evaluation. I will briefly review the job-market economic theory about wage determination, describing why similar workers (from the point of view of attractiveness for firms) may earn different wages. Basically, I use such random variability in wages, hence in the amount of monetary benefits received, to mimic a variation in the policy regime. If such policy equivalent variation (PEV) exists and workers are otherwise similar, identification of the effects of not-yet-implemented policy reforms is possible. Specifically, I consider two alternative identification strategies and test their validity. First, I compare individuals basing on the generalized propensity score (an extension of the procedure of propensity score matching or subclassification to non-binary cases; then, I consider the hypothesis that the selection bias pattern is the same in the group of treated and non-treated, using a "difference in differences'' approach.
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Piechucka, Joanna. « Essays in competition policy and public procurement ». Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01E013.

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Cette thèse de doctorat étudie trois questions de recherche en matière de marchés publics et de politique de la concurrence. Le premier chapitre se concentre sur une analyse microéconométrique des relations stratégiques entre d’une part l’entreprise choisie pour l’attribution d’un marché public et d’autre part l’autorité publique chargée de la régulation d’un service public. Il exploite des données sur le transport public urbain en France pour étudier les déterminants de choix réglementaires qui impactent à leur tour la rentabilité des opérateurs de transport. Le deuxième chapitre explore une évaluation ex-post d’une fusion qui a eu lieu entre deux grands groupes de transport en France (Veolia Transport et Transdev), en se concentrant sur l’existence éventuelle de gains d’efficacité dans les fusions. Enfin, le troisième chapitre donne un aperçu de l’impact d’une fusion lorsque les entreprises se font concurrence pour la qualité et repositionnent leurs services en analysant l’industrie hospitalière française
This PhD dissertation studies three research questions in public procurement and competition policy presented in the respective chapters and preceded by a general introduction. The first chapter focuses on a microeconometric analysis of the strategic relationships between a firm awarded a public contract and the public authority responsible for regulating a public service. It exploits data on the French urban public transport industry to study the determinants of regulatory contract choices which in turn impact the cost efficiency of transport operators. The second chapter explores an ex-post assessment of a merger which took place between two major transport groups in France (Veolia Transport and Transdev), focusing on the possible existence of merger efficiency gains. Finally, the third chapter provides insight on the impact of merger when firms compete in quality and reposition their services by analyzing the French hospital industry
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Iazdi, Oz Solon Chovghi. « Um modelo sobre as condicionalidades do FMI : ex-ante ou ex-post ? » reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/10908.

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The credit lines granted by the IMF in a liquidity crisis environment differ in their conditionalities. In some situations, the resources are borrowed without the need of mandatory conditionalities to be met by the borrowers. On the other hand, there are cases when the resources are granted only after the country fulfill these conditions. This paper aims to build a model which shows the tradeoffs that arise between the conditionalities that IMF imposes to give access of the credit lines by the countries. Additionally, the model tries to understand when it’s better an immediate assistance or a conditional assistance. Conditional loans increase the incentives for fiscal measures that improve the country capacity in paying its sovereign debt (because the loans aren’t granted if the country doesn’t carry out the measures), but the immediate assistance has the advantage in alleviate liquidity costs. The model shows that the incentive of the country in paying its sovereign debt is concave on the conditionality, meaning that, in extreme cases, the best type of conditionality is ex-ante (immediate assistance upon pre-established conditions) or ex-post (assistance conditional on the fulfillment of conditionalities). Nonetheless, in cases when both the immediate liquidity assistance and conditional assistance increase the incentives of payment, the conditionalities take on a complementary character. The results corroborate the IMF credit lines designs because there are facilities that contemplate both types of conditionalities and others that contemplate only one of them.
As linhas de crédito concedidas pelo FMI em casos de crises de liquidez diferem quanto às condições impostas aos credores. Em alguns casos, os recursos são emprestados sem a imposição de condições a serem cumpridas pelo país devedor. Em outros casos, os recursos são liberados depois que o país cumpriu as chamadas condicionalidades. O trabalho constrói um modelo teórico para estudar os trade-offs envolvidos nas condicionalidades que o FMI impõe ao conceder linhas de crédito. O modelo procura entender em quais momentos é melhor um auxílio imediato do FMI ou um auxílio condicional. Empréstimos condicionais aumentam os incentivos para medidas fiscais que melhoram a capacidade do país pagar a dívida (pois os empréstimos não são concedidos se essas medidas não são tomadas), mas um auxílio imediato tem a vantagem de economizar custos de liquidez. O modelo mostra que o incentivo do país para pagar sua dívida soberana é côncavo na condicionalidade. Isso significa que, em casos extremos, o melhor tipo de condicionalidade é o ex-ante (auxílio imediato mediante condições pre-estabelecidas) ou o ex-post (auxílio contingente ao cumprimento das condicionalidades). No entanto, em casos nos quais tanto uma ajuda de liquidez imediata, quanto o empréstimo condicional às mudanças na política fiscal aumentam o incentivo do país pagar a dívida, as condicionalidades assumem um caráter de complementaridade. O resultado corrobora o desenho das linhas de crédito do FMI, já que há desenhos que contemplam tanto as duas condicionalidades quanto apenas uma delas.
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Raynaud, Maxime. « Evaluation ex-post de l’efficacité de solutions de rénovation énergétique en résidentiel ». Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0003/document.

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En France, les rénovations énergétiques en résidentiel, et ceci tout particulièrement pour les maisons individuelles, font peu l'objet après réalisation d'une évaluation ex-post permettant de quantifier la performance atteinte.Cette thèse se propose donc d'effectuer une évaluation ex-post de l'efficacité de solutions de rénovation énergétique en résidentiel, à partir de données (environ 100 cas par échantillon étudié) provenant d'enquêtes menées auprès de ménages, propriétaires occupants de maison individuelle, ayant participé à des opérations de maîtrise de la demande en énergie conduites à l'échelle régionale dans le nord-est et le sud-est de la France. Une approche statistique tant descriptive que de modélisation est principalement employée pour aborder ce travail.Le premier volet de l'évaluation ex-post consiste en une quantification des économies unitaires obtenues associée à un calcul d'incertitude. Pour chacune des opérations, la modélisation statistique de la consommation énergétique après travaux permet l'étude de l'influence des actions elles-mêmes mais aussi de certains facteurs tels que le changement de la gestion du chauffage ou l'utilisation après travaux de la climatisation.Le second volet de cette évaluation ex-post a pour but d'identifier les causes des écarts entre les consommations observées et celles simulées par un modèle de calcul ex-ante (dit d'ingénieur). Ainsi, nous étudions l'évolution des écarts des états avant à après travaux. Tout d'abord, une quantification et une modélisation statistique des écarts en situation avant travaux est réalisée. Puis, les écarts en situation après travaux sont à leur tour quantifiés et modélisés statistiquement en intégrant notamment l'erreur commise initialement (avant travaux). Les différences entre économies d'énergie observées et simulées sont également étudiées.Enfin, dans la dernière partie de la thèse, sur la base des sources d'écart identifiées, nous proposons des pistes de perfectionnement du modèle de calcul d'ingénieur utilisé. Plus largement, à partir d'un retour critique quant aux limites des modèles statistiques établis pour étudier les causes des écarts, des pistes sont avancées pour permettre de les améliorer
In France, ex-post evaluations of energy retrofits in residential buildings, allowing to quantify the performance achieved, are rarely realized, particularly for the dwelling houses.This thesis is an ex-post evaluation of energy efficiency measures for retrofit in residential buildings from surveys data (around 100 cases by studied sample) of households, house owners, that participated in regional energy efficiency operations (northeast and southeast of France). This work is mainly tackled by descriptive statistics and statistical models.The first part of the ex-post evaluation is a quantification of unitary energy savings associated to an uncertainty assessment. For the two operations, a statistical model of energy consumption after retrofitting studies the effect of energy efficiency measures and also the effects of factors as space heating management modification or air conditioning use after refurbishment.The second part of the ex-post evaluation has for aim to identify the sources of gaps between observed consumptions and ones simulated by an ex-ante engineering model. Thus, we study gaps evolution from before retrofitting to after retrofitting situations. In the first time, we realise a quantification and a statistical modelling of gaps before retrofitting. Then, we repeat the method for gaps after retrofitting, in taking into account gap before retrofitting in the statistical model. Deviations between observed energy savings and calculated ones are also studied.In the last part of the thesis, we propose some improvements of the engineering model on the base of the gaps sources identified. From a critical analysis of statistical models realised to study gaps, some propositions are did to improve them
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Raynaud, Maxime. « Evaluation ex-post de l'efficacité de solutions de rénovation énergétique en résidentiel ». Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2014. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00973727.

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En France, les rénovations énergétiques en résidentiel, et ceci tout particulièrement pour les maisons individuelles, font peu l'objet après réalisation d'une évaluation ex-post permettant de quantifier la performance atteinte.Cette thèse se propose donc d'effectuer une évaluation ex-post de l'efficacité de solutions de rénovation énergétique en résidentiel, à partir de données (environ 100 cas par échantillon étudié) provenant d'enquêtes menées auprès de ménages, propriétaires occupants de maison individuelle, ayant participé à des opérations de maîtrise de la demande en énergie conduites à l'échelle régionale dans le nord-est et le sud-est de la France. Une approche statistique tant descriptive que de modélisation est principalement employée pour aborder ce travail.Le premier volet de l'évaluation ex-post consiste en une quantification des économies unitaires obtenues associée à un calcul d'incertitude. Pour chacune des opérations, la modélisation statistique de la consommation énergétique après travaux permet l'étude de l'influence des actions elles-mêmes mais aussi de certains facteurs tels que le changement de la gestion du chauffage ou l'utilisation après travaux de la climatisation.Le second volet de cette évaluation ex-post a pour but d'identifier les causes des écarts entre les consommations observées et celles simulées par un modèle de calcul ex-ante (dit d'ingénieur). Ainsi, nous étudions l'évolution des écarts des états avant à après travaux. Tout d'abord, une quantification et une modélisation statistique des écarts en situation avant travaux est réalisée. Puis, les écarts en situation après travaux sont à leur tour quantifiés et modélisés statistiquement en intégrant notamment l'erreur commise initialement (avant travaux). Les différences entre économies d'énergie observées et simulées sont également étudiées.Enfin, dans la dernière partie de la thèse, sur la base des sources d'écart identifiées, nous proposons des pistes de perfectionnement du modèle de calcul d'ingénieur utilisé. Plus largement, à partir d'un retour critique quant aux limites des modèles statistiques établis pour étudier les causes des écarts, des pistes sont avancées pour permettre de les améliorer.
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Alsaid, Nimer, et Nimer Alsaid. « Ex Ante Economic Evaluations of Arg389 Genetic Testing and Bucindolol Treatment Decisions in Heart Failure Stage III/IV ». Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626340.

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Introduction: Beta-Blocker Evaluation Survival Trial (BEST) sub-analyses indicated a likely interaction between bucindolol and race disadvantaging black heart failure (HF) patients (Domanski J Cardiac Fail 2003); Arg389 homozygotes having adjusted reductions of 38% in mortality and 34% in mortality/hospitalization over other genotypes (Liggett PNAS 2006). Bucindolol is being evaluated in Arg389 genotype patients in the GENETIC-AF trial (NCT01970501). Objective: To conduct parallel (using Domanski et al and Liggett et al) ex ante economic evaluations of Arg389 genetic testing in stage III/IV HF to support bucindolol treatment decisions (if Arg389-positive) and carvedilol (if Arg389-negative) treatment versus no such testing and empirical bucindolol; using Domanski et al and Liggett et al BEST sub-analyses. Methods: In both Domanski et al and Liggett et al analyses, we used a decision tree model with time horizon of 18 months divided into 3 six-month cycles to estimate the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of Arg389 genetic testing, considering overall survival (OS) from Domanski et al and Liggett et al BEST sub-analyses. Costs and utilities were retrieved from literature except for assumed cost for bucindolol treatment (1.5x cost of carvedilol) and genetic testing ($250). Discount rate was set at 3%/yr. Weibull distributions were fitted to OS data. Life-years (LY) and quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) were used to estimate incremental cost-effectiveness (ICER) and cost-utility ratios (ICUR), and results were validated using probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA). Results: In the Domanski et-based analysis, Arg389 genetic testing versus no testing was associated with incremental gains of 0.29LYs and 0.27QALYs at incremental cost of $726; yielding ICER of US$2,503/LY and ICUR of US$2,688/QALY gained. In the Liggett et al-based analysis, Arg-389 genetic testing versus no testing was associated with incremental gains of 0.35LYs and 0.32QALYs at savings of -$1.081; for ICER of -US$3,089/LY and ICUR of -US$3,378/QALY gained. Both analyses were confirmed in PSAs. Conclusion: Arg389 genetic testing to support bucindolol treatment in stage III/IV HF patients prevails economically over bucindolol treatment without genetic testing due to superior OS. If bucindolol is priced at 1.5x the cost of carvedilol. this economic benefit is likely to disappear if bucindolol and/ or genetic testing are priced higher. The clinical and economic benefits of bucindolol treatment with versus without Arg389 genetic testing versus empiric carvedilol remains to be assessed.
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« The Role of Taxation in Nigeria's Oil and Gas Sector Reforms - Learning from the Canadian Experience ». Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-11-2282.

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Several stakeholders in Nigeria’s oil and gas industry have emphasized the need for petroleum sector reforms in Nigeria. Canada is reputed to have one of the best oil and gas tax regimes in the world. This thesis argues that certain tax measures in Canada’s oil and gas industry have considerable potential for addressing certain industry inefficiencies in Nigeria’s petroleum sector. In developing this argument, this thesis gives an overview of oil and gas taxation in both jurisdictions and examines the possibility of transferring laws between Nigeria and Canada by exploring legal and tax comparative law theories. The thesis also examines the major challenges in Nigeria’s oil and gas industry and identifies viable areas in Canada’s oil and gas tax system which have the potential to address these challenges. Given the peculiarities of oil and gas taxation in each jurisdiction, this thesis suggests that the selected Canadian fiscal and administrative measures may require certain modifications in order to make these measures more suitable for Nigeria’s legal and tax system.
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Livres sur le sujet "Ex-ante and ex-post policy evaluation"

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Nagaj, Rafał. Regulacja rynku energii elektrycznej w Polsce : Ex ante czy ex post = Regulation of the electricity market in Poland : ex ante or ex post. Szczecin : Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, 2016.

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Aizenman, Joshua. Ex ante carrots instead of ex post sticks : Two examples. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Aizenman, Joshua. Ex ante carrots instead of ex post sticks : Two examples. Cambridge, Mass : National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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4

Dayton, Julia. World Bank HIV/AIDS interventions : Ex-ante and ex-post evaluation. Washington, D.C : World Bank, 1998.

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5

Bowden, Peter. National monitoring and evaluation : Development programs in the Third World. Aldershot, Hants., England : Avebury, 1988.

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6

Office, General Accounting. Welfare reform : Job access program improves local service coordination, but evaluation should be completed : report to Congressional committees. Washington, D.C : U.S. General Accounting Office, 2002.

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New Jersey. Legislature. General Assembly. Regulatory Oversight Committee. Committee meeting of Assembly Regulatory Oversight Committee : Testimony on the progress of the New Jersey State Police under the consent decree entered into with the federal government concerning procedures, practices, and policies relating to the management and operation of the State Police : [October 24, 2002, Trenton, New Jersey]. Trenton, N.J : The Unit, 2002.

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Committee, New Jersey Legislature General Assembly Regulatory Oversight. Committee meeting of Assembly Regulatory Oversight Committee : Simplifying tax compliance and collection. [Trenton, NJ] (State House Annex, PO BOX 068, Trenton 08625-0068) : The Committee, 2000.

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Committee, New Jersey Legislature General Assembly Regulatory Oversight. Committee meeting of Assembly Regulatory Oversight Committee : Discussion on the management and operations of the Department of Environmental Protection relating to the promulgation, implementation, and enforcement of Department regulations : [February 6, 2003, Trenton, New Jersey]. Trenton, N.J : The Unit, 2003.

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Committee, New Jersey Legislature General Assembly Regulatory Oversight. Committee meeting of Assembly Regulatory Oversight Committee : Testimony concerning activities of the Budget Efficiency Savings Team Commission ; testimony concerning public access to individual state trooper records ; and testimony addressing regulations dealing with head injury victims. Trenton, N.J : Office of Legislative Services, Public Information Office, Hearing Unit, 2002.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Ex-ante and ex-post policy evaluation"

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Arimura, Toshi H., et Kazuyuki Iwata. « Ex Ante Policy Evaluation of the Vehicle Type Regulation ». Dans An Evaluation of Japanese Environmental Regulations, 19–50. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9947-8_2.

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Kuyini Mohammed, Abdulai. « Proposed Fiscal Council for Ghana : An Ex Ante Evaluation ». Dans Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 1–17. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_3715-1.

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Tavoni, Massimo. « Computational Climate Change : How Data Science and Numerical Models Can Help Build Good Climate Policies and Practices ». Dans Handbook of Computational Social Science for Policy, 261–77. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16624-2_14.

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AbstractComputational social science can help advance climate policy and help solve the climate crises. To do so, several steps need to be overcome to make the best use of the wealth of data and variety of models available to evaluate climate change policies. Here, we review the state of the art of numerical modelling and data science methods applied to policy evaluation. We emphasize that significant progress has been made but that critical social and economic phenomena—especially related to climate justice—are not yet fully captured and thus limit the predictivity and usefulness of computational approaches. We posit that the integration of statistical and numerical approaches is key to developing a new impact evaluation science that overcomes the traditional divide between ex ante and ex post approaches.
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Nijkamp, Peter, et Eddy Blaas. « Location of Parking Facilities in a Historical Town : An Ex Post Multiple Criteria Evaluation ». Dans Transportation Research, Economics and Policy, 231–34. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8293-3_16.

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Becerra, José. « Institutional Redesign Proposals for the Preparation of Criminal Policy by the Government. The Focus on Ex Ante Evaluations ». Dans Towards a Rational Legislative Evaluation in Criminal Law, 107–37. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32895-9_5.

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Talantsev, Anton, Osama Ibrahim et Aron Larsson. « Multi-stakeholder Preference Analysis in Ex-ante Evaluation of Policy Options - Use Case : Ultra Low Emission Vehicles in UK ». Dans Electronic Participation, 176–88. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45074-2_14.

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Gardner, Charles, James R. Marsden et David E. Pingry. « DSS Evaluation : A Comparison of Ex-Ante and Ex-Post Evaluation Methods ». Dans Recent Developments in Decision Support Systems, 439–55. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02952-7_17.

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Lichfield, N., et A. Prat. « Linking Ex Ante and Ex Post Evaluation in British Town Planning ». Dans The GeoJournal Library, 283–98. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1495-2_14.

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Guarini, Maria Rosaria. « Self-renovation in Rome : Ex Ante, in Itinere and Ex Post Evaluation ». Dans Computational Science and Its Applications -- ICCSA 2016, 204–18. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42089-9_15.

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Marutschke, Daniel Moritz, et Yugo Hayashi. « Ex-Ante and Ex-Post Feature Evaluation of Online Courses Using the Kano Model ». Dans Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 310–20. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80421-3_34.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Ex-ante and ex-post policy evaluation"

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Kang, Hyun-Kyu. « POLICY ANALYSIS IN EX-ANTE EVALUATION OF GOVERNMENT R&D PROGRAMS ». Dans 30th International Academic Conference, Venice. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/iac.2017.030.018.

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Akande, Rotimi Michael. « Institutional Support Services and Learners’ Retention and Completion In Open-Distance Learning Institutions in South-West Nigeria ». Dans Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.3684.

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One of the critical components in Open-Distance learning programmes are institutional support services. These services subsume all interactions between institutional personnel and learners (prospective and registered) intended to assist them in meeting their objectives from the point of first inquiry through graduation. This notwithstanding, the rate at which learners remain on the programmes and complete their programme in ODL is low. It is on this premise, that this study, examined institutional support services in relation to retention and completion of learners in open-distance learning institutions in the south-west, Nigeria. This study adopted a descriptive design of an ex post facto type. The population consisted of final year learners, in open and distance learning institutions in the southwest, Nigeria. There are seven (7) NUC approved ODL Institutions in South-West, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used for the selection of samples sizes for the study. The instruments were validated by two experts in the field of ODL, measurement and evaluation. The structured instrument was subjected to ordinal alpha reliability with 0.862 co-efficient. The descriptive statistics of frequency counts, Percentages were used to answer the researcher questions while inferential statistics of multiple regression and univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of Alpha. The study established significant linear relationship between the predictor variables and retention and completion of learners in open and distance learning institutions in southwest. Based on these findings, the need to enhance institutional support services ODL policy in Nigeria that will promote and enhanced learner-centered techniques were recommended.
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Oremusová, Daša, Hilda Kramáreková et Magdaléna Nemčíková. « Evaluácia projektových aktivít mikroregiónu Termál v troch programových obdobiach ». Dans XXIV. mezinárodního kolokvia o regionálních vědách. Brno : Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9896-2021-13.

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The new programming period 2021 – 2017 brings a new philosophy of integration - in the emergence of integrated territorial strategies (ITS) and their financing through integrated territorial investments (ITI). The aim of the paper is, based on the above reasons, to evaluate the project activities of the microregion Termál considering the implemented projects in the programming periods 2007 – 2013 and 2014 – 2020 (ex-post evaluation) as well as the readiness of the area for financial resources in the programming period 2021 – 2027 (ex-ante evaluation). In terms of methodology, we used the comparative analysis of various information sources (mainly Programs of economic development and social development of municipalities, microregion Termál and databases of the Department of Strategic Activities of the Municipality of Nitra Region) and standard statistical and cartographic methods leading to data processing and visualization. The results provide information on the diversification of obtained and expected funds at individual municipalities and the whole territory. While in both previous programming periods, the focus was mainly on building social and technical infrastructure. At the beginning of the new programming period, expectations mainly focused on increasing territorial competitiveness by supporting industries using local resources and sustainable smart energy communities.
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Ekanayake, E. M. A. C., Geoffrey Qiping Shen, Mohan M. Kumaraswamy et Jin Xue. « DYNAMIC SUPPLY CHAIN CAPABILITY ANALYSIS OF HONG KONG-ZHUHAI-MACAO BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION : A TOPIC MODELING APPROACH ». Dans The 9th World Construction Symposium 2021. The Ceylon Institute of Builders - Sri Lanka, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2021.23.

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Prefabricated construction as a preferred construction approach instigated significant technological advancements in construction supply chains in Hong Kong (HK). The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB) was a milestone prefabricated construction project which was successfully constructed using these industrial advancements. However, the project itself was a great challenge as it was highly vulnerable to disruptions due to complex supply chain processes. In this regard, increased resilience could be the key to boosting project performance through enhanced Supply Chain Capabilities (SCCs), where identifying SCC dynamics becomes essential. Therefore, this study employed the Topic Over Time Modeling approach to detect critical SCCs using 1,748 unstructured official documents on the HZMB from 2003 to 2018, which spans the period from project design to handover. The popularity trend analysis of texts enabled identifying the six most critical capabilities associated with each construction phase of planning, construction and handover. Thereafter, an ex-post capability evaluation map was developed by considering the popularity trend of capabilities and their relevance to different project phases. Industry practitioners would benefit from prior knowledge of SCCs and their dynamic impact on each project phase to prioritize initiating them adequately and appropriately, targeting value-enhanced-resilient supply chains in ex-ante decision-making of future prefabricated infrastructure development projects. Further, the text-mining research approach unveils to academia, an effective and novel mechanism to extract dynamic empirical clues from a large unstructured set of documents in construction SCC analysis research.
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