Thèses : « Everyday State »

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McGovern, Jeffrey. ""Seeing" an Everyday State: The Geopolitics of 20th Century United States Military Veterans." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293481.

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This dissertation is a critical engagement with the myth of the reified modern state - that Leviathan that seemingly exists outside of the social while residing within the natural. In doing so it joins an effort to move the field of critical geopolitics beyond critiquing classical geopolitics to one that includes a transformative component, as expressed in the overarching field of critical theory. The undergirding methodological and theoretical approaches of this dissertation are rooted in the interplay between the semiotic, the performative, and the visual, an eclectic framework that grapples with the shifting representational practices of geopolitics - practices that are centered on maintaining a particular meta-narrative of the state - i.e., the myth of the state as a reified subject. As a means to demystify this particular paradigm of the state I look at the contradictions and the challenges proffered by a unique set of actors, soldiers and veterans. I accomplish this: military actors. This is accomplished by bringing to the forefront, through imagery, the visual and communicative performances of their everyday geopolitical practices as military actors and citizens. The three cases that make up this dissertation each address particular interconnections between soldiers, veterans, and the myth of "the state," with each employing an approach that visually interrogates the spatial and material relationships as a means to explore "the everyday" performances of their geopolitical practices. Soldiers and veterans are uniquely situated in geopolitical discourses about the state, as they are framed and/or frame themselves, depending on the context, as both "state" and "non-state" actors and, as such, through their conjoined identities can collapse the meta-narrative of the state-as-object by their very "being." In this interrogation, therefore, I add to an effort to push for a reconceptualization of the state, arguing that "it" should be re-imaged or reframed as an everyday relationship between citizens - a state as relationship rather than a state as object. This shift moves a critical geopolitical inquiry away from reproducing what it critiques, to critically engaging with the practices that produce the representations that help to constitute it.

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Smith, Christine E. "State Violence, Mobility and Everyday Life in Cairo, Egypt." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/34.

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State violence in Egypt is an embedded part of daily life and popular culture, and well documented in social and news media. The uprisings of January 11, which took place in Egypt were organized in large part against violence and torture regularly delivered by police forces. In this dissertation I examine the implications of chronic state violence on everyday life for low-income Egyptians. In doing so, this dissertation provides analysis of how violence shapes forms of intimacy within social life, how it shapes urban landscapes and the politics therein and how it informs individual piety and banal practices of security. This work contributes to studies within feminist geopolitics, memory and emotion within geography by understanding the lives of Cairenes through their experience of the landscape and places they inhabit, maneuver through, and create with the memory and threat of state violence. The project focuses on four selected sites in Greater Cairo: Kholousy Street in Shoubra, Musky Market in Old Cairo, Cairo University in Giza, and Tahrir Square in downtown Cairo. These sites have been chosen because they represent different nodes of daily life (shopping, leisure, education, and political participation) for low-income Cairenes. Research methods include participant observation at the four sites, eleven focus groups and thirty-one interviews with low-income Cairo residents in two age cohorts: one group of participants between the ages of 18 and 26, and a second cohort between the ages of 49 and 57. For each of these questions, this project provides a gender sensitive comparison of the two age cohorts in order to gain insight into the role of youth and memory and gender in Cairenes’ interpretations and representations of the Mubarak era and the recent revolution.

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MUNIR, MUDASSAR. "EVERYDAY IMAGES AND PRACTICES OF THE STATE IN RURAL PAKISTAN." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/878019.

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In my thesis project, I provide an analysis of the way the image and the perception of the state is formed in the context of everyday social and political life in rural Pakistan. I demonstrate how people in a rural locality understand the Pakistani state and its laws and how these understandings shape the way the people carry out everyday engagement with the state authorities. This research undertaking is guided by three principal questions: 1) what is the common conception of Pakistani state at the local level; 2) how do people interact and experience the state institutions at the micro level; 3) what role do different non-state actors who act as ‘intermediaries’ between their fellow villagers and the wider political world play in shaping local embodiment of the state and people’s experiences with it? My fieldwork in a village in Pakistani Punjab, which was reduced to six months from one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic, reveals that the images and perceptions of the Pakistani state are split between ‘sublime’ and ‘profane’ dimensions. On the one hand, the people imagine the state as a sublime entity that exists in far-off places. The state is somewhere else, geographically detached from their locality. It can only be seen on television sets, in major urban centers of the country, and it is a rich institute with enormous financial resources. On the other hand, the people also talk about the state as a profane entity associated with corruption, hierarchy, fraud, and lies. The state is where culture of corruption and mistreatment is deeply pervasive. Fearing of difficulties and complications, the state is something with which they want to have minimum interaction. They consider the state offices are full of lazy and biased employees who provide no service without sifarish (recommendation), taaluq wasta (relationship), or rishwat (bribery). I argue that the people at the local level attach sublime qualities to the national and provincial realm of the Pakistani state, while its local realm with which the people engage on everyday basis is seen as profane. My ethnographic material also illustrates that since everyday state administration is perceived to be riddled with corrupt practices and abuse of authority, this condition creates favorable atmosphere in rural Pakistan for different actors of patronage system to operate – where different political intermediaries assume leading role in variety of political spaces and social relations, acting as a conduit between the state and residents, as well as at times performing certain roles at the local level as they are free from the state's control or at other times acting as helping hand of the state.

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Gebrie, Daniel Mulugeta. "The everyday state in Africa : governance practices and the construction of state-idea in Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19245/.

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Lewis, Denegri Francisco. "State-effects as state power: Expectation, anxiety and fear in the Inambari valley." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/80007.

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En esta etnografía se examina la (re)producción del poder del Estado peruano en el tejido de la vida cotidiana en la cuenca media del Inambari, Puno. Propongo que el enfoque en los llamados «efectos del Estado», tanto reales como imaginarios, permite localizar e identificar el poder del Estado peruano en este contexto. Por otro lado, se exploran los efectos sociales de la convergencia de dos proyectos de infraestructura que son a su vez producto de la integración del Perú en la economía global neoliberal, y planteo que dicha convergencia genera un entorno social plagado de expectativas, ansiedad, optimismo y miedo This ethnography examines the (re)production of the Peruvian state’s power in the fabric of the everyday in the Inambari valley, located in Puno. I argue that focusing on both real and imaginary ‘State-effects’ provides us with a way of tracing the Peruvian state’s power in this context. Further, I examine the social effects of the convergence of two infrastructural projects, both geared towards global, neo-liberal integration, arguing that this convergence led to the creation of a social milieu fraught with feelings of expectation, anxiety, optimism and fear.

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Mathur, Nayanika. "Paper tiger? : the everyday life of the state in the Indian Himalaya." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608992.

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Steinmuller, Johannes. "Everyday Moralities : Family, Work, Ritual, and the Local State in Rural China." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511304.

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In this thesis I explore the changes and continuities In everyday moralities in contemporary rural China. Based on eighteen months of fieldwork in one township in the Enshi region of Hubei Province, I give an ethnographic description of family and work relations, popular ritual, and the local state. The first part of the thesis explores the moral frameworks which are reproduced in practices related to the family. In the processes of house construction and in different forms of work, I describe the interplay between categorical moral demands and contingent realities. In the second part, I deal with family celebrations, in particular weddings and funerals. To analyse them, I elaborate a theoretical perspective on Chinese ritual (li) as a moral practice of "centering". Popular rituals also provide examples of the heightened sense of ambiguity between local sociality and the state, which is the main theme of the third part of the thesis. Drawing on case studies of gambling and local development projects, I suggest that these ambiguities are productive of "cultural intimacy". I conclude by arguing that everyday life in contemporary rural China is characterized by an increased sense of moral and ethical reflexivity. Recognizing the importance of moral frameworks, whilst remaining open to their ironic displacement, the notion of "everyday moralities" is an attempt to grasp this reflexivity.

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Jacobsen, Malene H. "The Everyday Spaces of Humanitarian Migrants in Denmark." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/7.

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Through an analysis of the Danish Immigration Law and asylum system, this research illustrates how the Danish state through state practices and policies permeates and produces the everyday space of humanitarian migrants. Furthermore, it examines how humanitarian migrants experience their everyday life in the Danish asylum system. An examination of state practices in conjunction with humanitarian migrants’ narratives of space and everyday practices, offers an opportunity to explore what kind of politics and political subjectivities that can emerge in the space of humanitarian migrants. This research contribute to our understanding of first, how the securitization of migration has direct impact on the everyday life of humanitarian migrants, second, second, how the state through practices and space governs and de-politicizes humanitarian migrants, and third, humanitarian migrants are able to act politically. Furthermore, this research problematizes the categorization of humanitarian migrants as “asylum seeker” in order to illustrate how the group of humanitarian migrants is a very diverse group of people from different places with various skills and education-, social-, and economic backgrounds. Even though “asylum seekers” are often portrayed as a homogenous group of vulnerable people we cannot assume that these people understand themselves as vulnerable docile “asylum seekers”.

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Skaten, Monica Hauge. "From refining to smuggling : the everyday politics of petrol in Ghana." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25928.

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This thesis presents an ethnographic study of the downstream petroleum industry in Ghana focusing on trade, infrastructure, flow, politics and social relationships. In 2010, the West African Republic of Ghana started pumping crude oil from the offshore Jubilee-field. The rapid development from discovery to extraction, along with economic expectations generated by the development of the new upstream industry, led to exponential growth in the downstream industry. A liberalisation reform of the downstream industry was initiated in 2005 and the state started to redefine its role in the petroleum industry, allowing a range of private entrepreneurs to participate in the downstream sector. On the back of these key transformations of the industry, this thesis demonstrates the continuous politicisation of petroleum products on a national level and the significance of this politicisation on infrastructure, networks and social relationships throughout the industry. This thesis argues that the trade, distribution and price of petroleum products in Ghana facilitates and shapes political and economic reciprocity between the government, the publics and profitable economic networks. Even though there was adequate infrastructure such as refinery, pipelines and petroleum storage depots, petroleum products in Ghana were distributed in a way that allowed the most number of people to come into contact with petroleum, by having access to the actual product, but also through enabling job creation and profitable economic activities. The petroleum infrastructure would obstruct profitable networks and informal markets. I propose the term ‘Politics of Petrol’ to emphasise how the industry and the commodities were part and parcel of the political and social fabric in Ghana. Reflecting the negotiable nature of politics and reform alongside the changeable practices and networks in the industry - Politics of Petrol - demonstrates the productive purpose of petroleum in Ghana’s democracy.

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Wu, Shuang. "Workers' everyday lives and the transformation of China's post-reform state-owned enterprises." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2020. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/753.

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The interweaving of China's "reform and opening-up" policy of 1978 with globalisation has shifted the landscape of Chinese economic geographies (CEGs). With influential economic, social, and ideological functions, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) vividly illustrate the multiple political economic, geographic, and socio-cultural dimensions of these changes. Regions with concentrations of SOEs have been particularly impacted. This includes North East (NE) China, which historically held the highest proportion of employment in SOEs and has witnessed the closure of many SOEs and regional decline. Explanations of these changes emphasise the structural and institutional mechanisms of reform under globalisation. I argue this extensive literature regards workers as passive factors of production and limits discussions of space and time. Drawing on scholarship on Global Production Networks (GPNs) and Assemblages, I propose a new conceptual framework that positions the everyday life of each worker at the heart of SOE transformation. My central research question is: "how are workers" everyday lives implicated in SOE transformation?" I explore this by re-reading transformation as the coming together of reform under globalisation with the lived experiences, practices, and affective encounters of workers' everyday lives. The novelty of this framework leads me to sketch three general research propositions rather than setting formal hypotheses. I address the research question and demonstrate my framework by using qualitative research methods and building grounded theory. To explore the differentiated ways in which SOEs are transforming, I studied 13 SOEs from three major cities of NE (Harbin, Changchun, and Shenyang). A three-phase research design was deployed. I completed 62 individual and 8 group interviews. To increase the reliability and replicability of the results, I triangulated data by considering in-depth interviews, public policy documents, internet forums, movies and magazines, and on-site field observation. The empirical findings are presented in three chapters which depict, respectively, the lived experiences, practices, and affective encounters of everyday life. First, I explore workers' lived experiences of social relations in the context of reform and their link to specific spatial arrangements. I characterise interdependent social relations and spatial arrangements constitute the socio-spatial formations. The next chapter further explores workers' mobile and immobile practices and the changing meanings of time and space of SOE socio-spatial formation. Third, I describe how encounters and affects give rise to intensity of feelings which reproduces practice and impacts the SOE socio-spatial formation. In a nutshell, understanding SOEs as socio-spatial formations implies that transformation is not "meted out" by a state or abstract market force but an "always already present"process of mutual constitution of lived experiences, practices, and affective encounters in everyday life. Overall, my thesis expands economic geographic knowledge by highlighting the ongoing and processual nature of space and time and, more specifically, by valorising worker agency. I reflect on implications for CEG to combine with cultural and social geographies. I conclude by calling for an ontological shift of focusing on the emergence and contingency of CEGs.

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Kane, Patrick M. "Politics, discontent and the everyday in Egyptian arts, 1938-1966." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3289111.

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Saha, Jonathan. "Misconduct and the colonial state in everyday life : The Irrawaddy Delta, Burma c.1900." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535745.

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Li, Qiunan. "Everyday life in the puppet state : a study of ordinary people's experiences in Manchukuo." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22326/.

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This thesis explores the experiences of ordinary people living under Japanese occupation in Manchukuo from 1932 to 1945. By examining the harsh nature of colonial rule and the impact on the people, this dissertation shows the multiple ways in which the everyday life of ordinary people was influenced by the various upheavals and hardships. This research mainly uses newspapers, primary published materials, documents, compilations, dictations and other Chinese language sources. This thesis thus establishes a detailed account of the sufferings that colonial subjects encountered in their daily lives and the coping methods that they employed to circumvent them. The experiences of the people were highlighted through the role of education, access to and rationing of goods, the sense of homelessness in the midst of ongoing housing crises, as well as sanitation and hygienic issues, which constituted altogether the core aspects of the everyday life of the people. In essence, ordinary people of Manchukuo lived a life overwhelmed by shortages, misfortunes and difficulties. Focusing on both rural and urban areas, this thesis argues how the people of Manchukuo were passive in face of the various policies implemented by the regime, but yet active in face of the hardships that followed. This sense of passivity, or the general lack of initiative, demonstrates in fact how motives of self-protection and survival beneath the acts of superficial compliance directed the people’s everyday life in Manchukuo. With the current literature’s emphasis on the economic and social structures of the puppet state, this thesis seeks to fill the gap by recognizing the importance of the everyday experiences of the colonial subjects.

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Jones, Emma. "Locating citizenship within everyday life;perceptions and experiences from Kwoi, southern Kaduna State, northern Nigeria." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526828.

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Xue, Asan. "Religion, Heritage, and Power： Everyday Life in Contemporary China." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1417.

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Based on an ethnographic study of the religious life of ordinary people in the town of Dongpu, this research explores the relationships between: religion and state power; Chinese ritual (li, 礼/禮) tradition and Christian culture; and religion and intangible cultural heritage in contemporary China. This research found that both the practitioners of Chinese rituals and the Christian community deploy tactics to resist and negotiate with the hegemonic official culture through spatial and religious practices in their everyday life. Chinese ritual practices dedicated to deities and ancestors are defined as idol worship in the doctrine of Christianity and denigrated as feudal superstition in the official discourse of scientism, materialism and atheism. The contrast between Christianity as an orthodox religion and Chinese ritual practices as feudal superstition contributes to the religious hegemony of Christianity over the Chinese ritual tradition, thus rendering most Chinese rituals as lacking in status, although some Chinese rituals have gained legitimacy as intangible cultural heritage. The practice of intangible cultural heritage in contemporary China is subject to the global heritage movement spearheaded by UNESCO and China’s domestic political, cultural and economic agendas. Ordinary people deploy tactics to negotiate with the local/state power in response to the practice of top-down imposed intangible cultural heritage, thus gaining the legitimacy of practicing these rituals. This research presents a poetics of ordinary people’s everyday life. The religious life of ordinary people is foregrounded and exerted as a self-evident entity and heterogeneous culture. This study demonstrates that everyday life can become a cultural experience of alternative modernity and an arena of cultural autonomy. Religious life is never simply equivalent to the homogenising ambitions of any power, such as capitalism, atheism or materialism. The practice of intangible cultural heritage is a process of selecting the ‘heritage in perception’ (i.e., heritage identified and safeguarded based upon UNESCO’s Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage) from the ‘heritage in essence’ (i.e., heritage as the self-evident foundation of ordinary people’s everyday life). The safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage channelled from top-down may give rise to cultural hegemony due to the classification of intangible cultures into superior and inferior resources according to the official discourse of developing an ‘advanced culture’ and the principles of a market economy. The expert-centred mechanism of intangible cultural heritage identification rules out the cultural autonomy of genuine inheritors of intangible cultural heritage. Additionally, the identification of the intangible cultural heritage as a narrowly understood territorial property causes conflicts between nations and regions. This may stop the transmission of cultures among ordinary people and undermine UNESCO’s initial agenda of promoting the cultural diversity around the world. Freedom in religion consists in the establishment of a civil society in which the autonomy of people’s cultural practices and religious life is achieved through democratic negotiation between the ruling government and the masses. It is until then that religious culture can be practised and transmitted as a self-evident ordinary culture and intangible cultural heritage by ordinary people in their everyday life.

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Iob, Elisabetta. "A betrayed promise? : the politics of the everyday state and the resettling of refugees in Pakistani Punjab, 1947-1962." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2013. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/64d284d0-34e2-0a48-a6a0-2dbb6a83c5ba/7/.

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Lahore, Anarkali, mid-1950s. A distinguished-looking refugee is standing in front of a petition writer in the hope of getting the better of the Pakistani bureaucracy and having a property allotted. A few miles ahead, another refugee, camped in a school, is drafting a letter to the editor of the Pakistan Times. He will hide his identity through the pseudonym ‘desperate'. Both of them belonged to the throng of those muhajirs who, back in 1947, had embarked on a dreadful journey towards what they perceived to be their homeland. Historiographical trends have tended to overlook the everyday experience of the state among those middle-class Partition refugees who resettled in Pakistani Punjab. Focusing mainly on their ‘less fortunate' fellow citizens, these explanations have reproduced that historically-unproven popular narrative that ascribes pain and sufferings only to the economically-backward sectors of the local society. Even more frequently, well-rooted argumentative patterns have superimposed historical and present-day socio-geographical mappings of refugee families onto both urban and rural Punjab. These somehow echo that government rhetoric that, up to the early 1960s, paid lip service to the notion of a ‘biraderi-friendly' rehabilitation. This thesis challenges standard interpretations of the resettlement of Partition refugees in Pakistani Punjab between 1947 and 1962. It argues the universality of the so-called ‘exercise in human misery', and the heterogeneity of the rehabilitation policies. As it sheds light on these latter original contributions to the current knowledge, it questions the ability of the local bureaucracy to establish its own ‘polity', the unsuitability of patronage political systems as an autonomous politological category, and the failure of Pakistan as a state. Individual chapters pursue questions of emotional belonging to spatial and political places, social change, everyday experiences of the state through its institutions, electoral politics, and the deployment of integration/accommodation practices as nation- and state-building processes.

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Huynh, Thi Phuong Linh [Verfasser]. "State-Society Interaction in Vietnam : The Everyday Dialogue of Local Irrigation Management in the Mekong Delta / Thi Phuong Linh Huynh." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1077265492/34.

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Painter, David M. "A study of the adult performance level based curriculum guide and its use in the state of Indiana." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/439141.

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The purpose of the study was to examine the development of Learning for Everyday Living, the Indiana curriculum guide, for the adult performance level (APL) program in the State of Indiana and to determine its use and value to adult basic education (ABE) programs throughout the State of Indiana.An examination of the Guide and its usefulness was undertaken in four areas: First, administrators' judgments of the management aspects of the Guide and its ease or difficulty of use by teachers. Second, teachers' and administrators judgments of the Guide's curriculum value. Third, teachers' judgments of the value of the auxiliary materials in the use of the Guide. Fourth, the degree of administrators' and teachers' inservice and/or preparation prior to the use of the Guide. Respondents were asked to respond to Part A of the questionnaire if they used the Guide, to Part B if they didn't. The respondents consisted of 24 directors and 81 adult basic education (ABE) teachers working in 28 programs.Findings1. Fifty-eight percent of the administrators responding indicated that Learninq for Everyday Livinq material was used in their programs.2. Approximately 93% of the administrators judged that the Guide was effective with students.3. Both teachers and administrators viewed the auxiliary materials as inadequate in working with adult basic education (ABE) students.4. Opportunity for additional staff development opportunities were judged valuable to both teachers and administrators in further use of the Guide.Conclusions1. A general updating of the Guide was recommended by both teachers and administrators with attention directed to the addition of activities and objectives in several content areas, i.e. family, lifelong learning, parenting, problem-solving, etc.2. The Guide was judged by both teachers and administrators to be effective as a curriculum guide and is very manageable in the areas of record-keeping and preparation of lessons. It allows adult students easy entry and exit to Adult Basic Education(ABE) Programs.3. Staff development workshops to acquaint new teachers and administrators with the materials are needed if the Guide is to be further implemented throughout the state.

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BARCELLOS, LUCIANA FERREIRA. "INTERDISCUSSION AND EVERYDAY PRACTICES: WAYS TO DEVELOP/OPERATE THE POLICY FOR VACANCIES QUOTA RESERVATION AT THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO (UERJ)." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=21803@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO Este trabalho tem por objetivo investigar as práticas cotidianas a partir da implementação da política de reserva de vagas na UERJ. A política foi implementada nas universidades publicas brasileiras no conjunto mais amplo de ações afirmativas no ensino superior no Brasil, estando entre as pioneiras, a UNB (2002); UNEB (2003) e UERJ (2002). Os recortes contemplados pela política são vários, e os critérios de ingresso são estabelecidos de acordo com cada universidade, incluindo a autodeclaração, comissão de avaliação, fotografia, descendência, etc. A pesquisa pretendeu investigar as práticas cotidianas na UERJ a partir da política de reserva de vagas, que adota como recortes a raça e a condição socioeconômica, cujo critério de ingresso foi a autodeclaração. Estruturou-se uma política de assistência estudantil através do Proiniciar e da concessão de bolsa-permanência e do kit_cotista para custeio de gastos básicos para a formação do estudante ingressantes pela reserva de vagas. A UERJ fala pelas paredes: este é modo de comunicação entre os sujeitos da UERJ que torna esta instituição peculiar. Sendo assim, proposta metodológica utiliza o registro de imagens-fotográficas de cartazes, informes, desenhos espalhados pelas paredes da universidade e a entrevista como etapa suprasequente, pondo em diálogo as imagens expostas na UERJ, o pesquisador e os sujeitos da pesquisa – grupos e/ou sujeitos ativos politicamente e participantes do cotidiano da instituição – estudantes, cotistas e não-cotistas, funcionários, movimentos estudantis e representações dos cursos de graduação. Entende-se entrevista como um espaço de produção de sentidos e interdiscursividade como a possibilidade de trazer à tona a rede ideológica e de forças que compõem e atravessam as relações e experiências dos sujeitos da UERJ a partir da experiência da reserva de vagas. The study aims to present the research conducted at UERJ in order to investigate the current experiences of subjects, from the advent of the policy for vacancies reservation in this institution (implemented since 2003). This institution is the pioneer in implementing the policy of vacancies quota reservation in the country. Although different criteria have been established via a quota system - racial, public schools, among others - the triggering factor of greater polemic and controversy was the use of racial cut-off. UERJ talks though walls. The specificity of communication modes and transmission of information by the institution raised a methodology where the researcher was pointed toward the walls, murals, corridors and institutes surroundings. Traces of the signs left by the records of the subjects at the university are followed by the researcher during random walk (for six months 600 hundred images were photographically registered). The researcher, the research subjects and photographic images, interact at the time of interview, the same being understood as a space for the construction of meaning mediated by language. What the policy for vacancies quota reservation made exist at the university and everyday practices that were triggered by the experience? These and other questions guided the research and identified ways and thoughts, especially in the field of social psychology, sociocritical perspective. The authors Michel de Certeau, M. Bakhtin, F. Guattari and M. Foucault helped to reflect on the construction of subjectivity and everyday practices through the implementation of a policy of affirmative action, the themes for it triggered and the micropolitical effects of its consolidation in the scenario of Brazilian higher education.

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Pettersson, Andreas. "Out and about in the welfare state : the right to transport in everyday life for people with disabilities in Swedish, Danish and Norwegian law." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiskt forum, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-101763.

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The aim of this thesis is to identify how a social citizenship for people with disabilities is shaped bythe normative structures in the Swedish, Danish and Norwegian law governing their right to transportin everyday life. The thesis deals with three types of transport provided by the public to private individuals: transport services, car allowances, and cash benefits for reimbursing transport costs forpeople with disabilities. For each provision, the focus of the study is directed by the followingquestions: – Is there a rights/duties relationship between the public and the individual? Who is eligible forprovision? How does public funding impact entitlement? Who is obliged to provide? What are thelegal guarantees for entitlement? Despite objectives within Nordic law and policy that people with disabilities should be compensated for their impairments, and allowed to lead independent and autonomous lives, the results from the thesis show that the various transport provisions do not fully realize this. The legal relations between the public and those with needs for transport in their everyday lives are characterized by control, scrutiny and questioning. In order to protect the public budgets from costs, the eligibility criteria in the law are so constructed as to ensure that only certain needs for transport, and only some impairments, can meet them. The national, regional and municipal governments, and the administrative courts, subject people with disabilities to intrusive inquiries regarding personal details and other circumstances in their lives, in order to be able to judge which needs for transport are to be considered legitimate and which are not. The thesis shows that the individual rights to, especially, Swedish and Norwegian transport provisions are poorly protected against political decisions to cut funding. Local and regional self-governance isan interest that always competes with individual legal rights and make them weaker, irrespective of whether these rights can be appealed in administrative courts. The conclusion in the thesis highlights how a social citizenship is shaped in the law governing the right to transport for people with disabilities, and that this social citizenship does not reinforce independence and individual autonomy for those who are dependent on the various provisions tomeet their needs for transport in their everyday lives.

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Quinn, Rapin, and rapin quinn@dest gov au. "NGOs, Peasants and the State: Transformation and Intervention in Rural Thailand, 1970-1990." The Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, 1997. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20060227.084102.

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Abstract This study examines people-centred Thai NGOs trying to help peasants empower themselves in order to compete better in conflicts over land, water, forest, and capital, during the 1970s to 1990s. The study investigates how the NGOs contested asymmetric power relations among government officials, private entrepreneurs and ordinary people while helping raise the peoples confidence in their own power to negotiate their demands with other actors.¶ The thesis argues that the NGOs are able to play an interventionist role when a number of key factors coexist. First, the NGOs are able to understand local situations, which contain asymmetric power relations between different actors, in relation to current changes in the wider context of the Thai political economy and seize the time to take action. Secondly, the NGOs are able to articulate a social meaning beyond the dominating rhetoric of the state and the capitalists which encourages the peoples participation in collective activities. Thirdly, while dealing with one problem in social relations and negotiation with local environment, the NGOs are able to recognise new problems as they arise and rapidly identify a new political space for the actors to renegotiate their conflicting interests and demands. Fourthly, the NGOs are able to recreate new meanings, new actors and reform their organisations and networks to deal with new situations. Finally, the NGOs are able to effectively use three pillars of their movement, namely individuals, organisations and networks to deal with everyday politics and collective protest.¶ The case studies in three villages in Northern Thailand reveal that the NGOs were able to play an interventionist role in specific situations through their alternative development strategies somewhat influenced by structural Marxism. The thesis recommends that the NGO interventionist role be continued so as to overcome tensions within the NGO community, for instance, between the NGOs working at the grass-roots level and the NGOs working at regional and national levels (including NGO funding agencies); local everyday conflicts; and the bipolar views of a society among the NGOs expressed in dichotomous thinking between rural and urban, community and state, conflict and order, actor and system.¶ The fragmentation of NGO social and environmental movements showed that there is no single formula or easy solution to the problems. If the NGOs want to continue their interventionist role to help empower ordinary people and help them gain access to productive resources, they must move beyond their bipolar views of a society to discover the middle ground to search for new meanings, new actors, new issues and to create again and again counter-hegemony movements. This could be done by having abstract development theories assessed and enriched by concrete development practices and vice versa. Both theorists and practitioners need to use their own imagination to invent and reinvent what and how best to continue.

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Kipfer-Didavi, Inez Verfasser], Gudrun [Akademischer Betreuer] [Lachenmann, and Joanna [Akademischer Betreuer] Pfaff-Czarnecka. "Negotiating women's rights in Togo - with tight belts and long arms: legal agency between everyday life, civil society and the state / Inez Kipfer-Didavi ; Gudrun Lachenmann, Joanna Pfaff-Czarnecka." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2004. http://d-nb.info/1120149614/34.

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Jahan, Farhat [Verfasser], Burkhard [Gutachter] Schnepel, Carmen [Gutachter] Brandt, Kirsten W. [Gutachter] Endres, and Rahul Peter [Gutachter] Das. "The issue of identity : state denial, local controversies and everyday resistance among the Santal in Bangladesh / Farhat Jahan ; Gutachter: Burkhard Schnepel, Carmen Brandt, Kirsten W. Endres, Rahul Peter Das." Halle (Saale) : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1210731576/34.

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Alsahou, Hamed. "Teachers' beliefs about creativity and practices for fostering creativity in science classrooms in the State of Kuwait." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/19224.

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Fostering students’ creativity in school subjects has recently become a central focus of educational researchers, educators, and educational policymakers around the world. In Kuwait, educational researchers and teacher educators have supported the need to foster students’ creativity via a national curriculum. Yet, the Ministry of Education has conducted few studies to explore practitioners’ perspectives on how to foster creativity through the current curriculum. The overall aims of this study were to explore science teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and practices in fostering creativity in science classrooms as well as to investigate the influences of sociocultural factors on teachers’ beliefs and practices in fostering creativity. The study also examined the consistency and inconsistency levels between teachers’ beliefs and practices. The study has a qualitative nature that stands on an interpretive worldview. The methodology uses eight case studies, each of which consisted of a male science teacher and one of his classes. Multiple methods were used, including semi-structured interviews (pre- and post-observational interviews), student focus groups, unstructured observations, participants’ drawings, and field notes. The analysis was based on thematic analysis model proposed by Braun and Clarke (2006). Thematic findings and case studies findings were drawn from the analysis of the data collected. In general, the thematic findings indicated that science teachers are able to define the meaning of creativity and its main aspects. Professed pedagogical beliefs enforce four teaching approaches to foster creativity in the science classroom: the teaching of thinking skills, inquiry-based learning, cooperative learning, and practical investigation (experimentation). The teachers believe that these approaches could promote students’ creativity in science classroom when specific sociocultural factors facilitate the effectiveness of such approaches in terms of fostering creativity. Three interdependent categories represent these facilitating factors: (1) educational setting-related factors, (2) teacher-related factors, and (3) student-related factors. Differences and similarities appeared when these professed beliefs were compared to the applied classroom practices. The thematic analysis revealed several themes underlying the main categories. Extensive teacher-centred practices and modest student-centred practices were evident; more specifically, the observations revealed primarily teacher-centred approach inside the science classes. Meanwhile, student-centred approaches were modestly applied in comparison to teacher-centred activities. The teachers justified their practices in accordance with the sociocultural factors that mediate their beliefs and practices as well as the role of their goal orientation. The science teachers perceived the mediating factors as constraints that prevent them from applying their beliefs about fostering creativity in classroom practices. Multiple constraining factors emerged, and they were categorised into personal, external, and interpersonal constraints. Concerning the case study findings, consistencies and inconsistencies were identified using a cut-off point as an analytic technique to classify teachers’ beliefs and practices into traditional (non-creativity fostering), mixed, or progressive (creativity fostering). The case study findings identified four consistency and inconsistency levels characterizing teachers’ beliefs and practices: traditional (consistent level), mainly traditional (inconsistent level), mixed (consistent level), and mainly progressive (inconsistent level). Each level was represented by an exemplary case study. The exemplary case studies revealed that sociocultural contexts influence teacher’s belief-practice relationship with respect to fostering students’ creativity in science classroom. Further, the thematic and case study findings were discussed in relation to the existing body of knowledge, followed by an illustration of significant conclusions, including some implications, contributions, limitations, and future suggestions.

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Sheppard, Eileen. "Mild everyday altered states of consciousness." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603076.

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This thesis presents an ethnographic study of altered states of consciousness (ASCs). Such states have been of interest to some writers in social anthropology (Turner 1992, Bourguignon 1989) and in some areas of psychology, especially transpersonal psychology (Beischel et al 2011:114, Vaughan 1993:160). But these literatures reveal a focus on rather extreme experiences not found in everyday life. There has been very little interest in milder altered states which are very common in our experience. These became the focus of the project. A literature review begins with an appraisal of writing in mainstream psychology on consciousness. A lack of study of ASCs is identified. The work of William James is reviewed as an important theorist for this thesis in his study of consciousness, particularly his 'stream of consciousness' (James 1950:239). James is seen to form a bridge between mainstream psychology and the development of trans personal psychology, a central theoretical perspective for this thesis. The development ofthe transpersonal psychology movement is explored. The transpersonal concerns 'those experiences which allegedly enable the individual to see beyond the conditioned ego and to identify some deeper and more enduring sense of self (Fontana & Slack 2005:7). The work of Maslow, Stanislav Grof and James is reviewed, particularly James's work on mystical states (James 1982, 1911). Key theoretical issues are identified: the problem of belief, universalism/relativism debates, validity of spiritual experience, and the 'participatory' in the work of Jorge Ferrer. Transpersonal anthropology is a sister movement and forms the second key theoretical perspective. Anthropological study of religion and spiritual beliefs and practices is traced through its early history in the work of Lucien Levy-Bruhl and Emile Durkheim. The Literary Turn in anthropology and also the participatory as a method are seen to open up the study of trans personal experience on its own terms. The work of Victor and Edith Turner forms a key reference point in this review. Key issues explored in transpersonal psychology are revisited here. A short consideration of literature on ASCs as healing is also presented, as well as literatures specific to each group studied. The methodology used draws on theoretical and practical debates around dialogic anthropology, and also participant observation. The history and development of ethnography is explored, particularly the 'Writing Culture' debates. Ethnographic fieldwork was carried out over a period of three years. Groups of individuals were chosen whose activities were ASC-inducing. These were members of a Hindu temple and a Lubavitch Jewish synagogue, members of a sport training group, users of a local forest , a musical instrument-maker group who were also musicians, and various excessive viewers of television. Fieldwork revealed patterns and types of ASCs, many of which are not found in the literature: absorbed, daydream and transcendent types; mindful/mindless ASCs; 'top-up' ASCs; a sport triple ASC; a total 'Lifeworld' ASC, a dialogue between positive and negative ASCs, and ASCs reaching beyond the self. The therapeutic value of these are highlighted in the lives of participants. Wider patterns are also discussed, such as sacred experience in secular contexts, collective ASCs and 'communitas' (Turner 2012), and challenges to boundaries of so-called 'reality out there' and fantasy.

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Fokdal, Josephine. "Everyday aesthetic as a basic need." Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1355594.

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Architecture builds the frames for human lives and thereby frames humans and their well being. Thus, the role of the user and their needs are brought into the picture. The American psychologist Abraham Maslow defined human basic needs as physical needs that must be fulfilled. In my thesis I intend to argue that certain psychic needs should also be added to the basic needs of humans; in particular, the need for aesthetics. I intend to define a specific type of aesthetics, namely the everyday aesthetic that has existed as long as the aesthetic debate. The everyday aesthetic can be defined as a symbolic communication expressed by the user in connection with residential architecture.Scholarship on the need for aesthetics in relation to architecture is lacking. This thesis addresses the subject through a case study documentation and by analyzing traces and patterns of the everyday aesthetic in fifteen residential neighborhoods in different cities across the United States (July 2006). The conclusion that can be drawn from this empirical research indicates the desire for everyday aesthetics functions like a basic need and can be understood as a psychic need appropriate for addition to Maslow's pyramid of human's needs. Department of Architecture

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Zinga, Dawn Michelle. "Emotions in everyday life, their relation to depression and anxiety states." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ51576.pdf.

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Neves, Alves S. "Creole water supply : states, neoliberalism, and everyday practices in a secondary African city." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1551647/.

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This thesis examines the evolution of water provision in Bafatá, Guinea-Bissau, between 2006 and 2014, including the role of state and non-state actors, policy models and everyday practices in shaping the city’s piped supply scheme. The overall aim is to use perspectives from a small African city to evaluate understandings of urban water infrastructure circulating in the fields of geography and urban studies. Based on ethnographic work in Guinea-Bissau involving 11 months of participant observation and 94 interviews with state officials, workers in international organisations and the city’s water operator, and water users, this thesis argues that the dominance of critiques of neoliberalism and the limited theorisations of the state prevailing in current analyses are key limitations for service provision in small cities in poorer contexts. To address these weaknesses, this thesis adopts an analytical framework that combines the concepts of ‘variegated neoliberalism’ and ‘assemblages’ with an attention to the ‘everyday’, in order to develop an understanding of a ‘creole’ mode of governance characterised by its intermixing of influences. In addition, it draws on anthropological explorations of the state that examine state practices and interactions with non-state actors without fixing these in pre-conceived analytical categories. This thesis shows that the state has shaped water provision in Bafatá not through following policy and regulatory frameworks, but through the decisions and practices of governmental officials and their interactions with nonstate organisations. It also demonstrates that development interventions have significantly influenced water provision in Bafatá. However, policy models circulating in the city have been routinely assembled with and reshaped by alternative logics, motivations and practices, and therefore transformed beyond their original agendas. Lastly, water provision is analysed from the perspective of everyday water practices, demonstrating the multiplicity of factors shaping access to water, including perceptions of quality of water, and the simultaneous disruption and continuity of ingrained sharing practices through the introduction of meters.

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Fatani, Eiman Mohammad Saleh. "Impact of end-stage renal failure on the everyday life of Saudi Arabian women." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2008. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/2093/.

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This study is the first research conducted in the field of sociology of health and illness that explores the impact of chronic illness, specifically end-stage renal failure (ESRF), on Saudi women. In order to examine how traditional Saudi structures influence the illness and disability experience of Saudi women, this study explores distinctive socio-religious values of Saudi Arabia within.the framework of western sociological concepts. The aims of this study are to explore gender-related issues that affect the various aspects of chronically ill and disabled Saudi women's life; to examine the impact ESRF has on their quality of life, as well as their perceptions of themselves and their illness (body image, self-concept and identity) that may prove to be detrimental to their family care-giving roles and relationships; and to determine how they manage their everyday life. Although these concepts are highlighted in western sociological literature, this study critically re-evaluates them in the light ofthe socio-cultural differences' found in Saudi society. In Phase I, a survey questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic information about all female patients (n=216) undergoing haemodialysis (HD) at the Jeddah Kidney Centre over a three month period. Following exclusion of all non-Saudi women and all Saudi women under age 24 years and over age 59 years, this produced a sampling frame of 150 Saudi women between the ages of 24-59 years, from which the sample for interview was selected by 'systematic sampling'. In Phase II, a qualitative method was utilized to obtain in-depth data from participants in their own words about their illness experience. The sample comprised 50 Saudi women (age 24-59 years) mainly from a low socio-economic background undergoing haemodialysis who were interviewed in-depth on two occasions approximately three weeks apart. A 'grounded theory' approach was used to analyse the recurring patterns and themes explored in the data. The findings indicate that the gender based social structure of Saudi Arabia that upholds the family and its traditions acts as a socio-cultural constraint to chronically ill women with ESRF. The societal perpetuation of ideal roles of wife and mother and the imposition of rigid expectations for women conflicted with the realities of living with chronic illness that disrupted their traditional family roles and relationships, distorted their self-perception and ultimately threatened their identity. These women's increased dependence on their female relatives to provide domestic support further weakened their status within the family and eventually sabotaged their efforts to maintain normality in their life. The findings further suggest that the gender based issues arising out of socioreligious values of Saudi society regarding female dependence on their male legal guardians and male relatives had a negative impact on the economic aspect of life for Saudi women with ESRF. Since these women primarily came from a low income background, the onset of ESRF placed additional financial constraints on their resources and sources of support that further diminished their quality of life. These findings suggest that the Saudi social structure actually disabled chronically ill Saudi women from managing their everyday life. In conclusion, this study proposes policy implications that the Saudi State needs to implement in order to improve the quality of life of wom,en with ESRF and their families, such as, increased financial resources, improved dialysis facilities, and transportation services; along with home healthcare.

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Haji, Molana Hanieh Sadat. "Voices of Acculturation: Everyday Narratives of Iranian Women on Belonging in the United States." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent159455799059827.

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Esra, Kazem. "BEYOND THE STATED FUNCTION: Showcasing, through everyday objects, social obstacles imposed on Qatari female youth." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3141.

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This critical design project showcases obstacles that the Qatari culture and society impose on their female youth, hindering them from becoming independent individuals. It critiques the society and its social pressures. The project stimulates people to think by challenging their assumptions and perceptions, specifically social perception and judgment, family authority, and gender favoritism. This is achieved through hybridized accessories that are embedded with a meta-meaning that arouses curiosity, invites questions, and stimulates thoughts. Through the design of these appealing, high quality, and functionally viable everyday accessories, the project aims to communicate the social and cultural forces which impede Qatari female youths’ becoming individuals who dream, achieve, and thrive.

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Fursland, Rosalind Jane. "Theatrics of modernity : incidental, impromptu, and everyday performance in early twentieth-century Manhattan." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8384/.

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This thesis argues that, catalysed by technological and architectural developments, as well as by altering moral codes of conduct, by the early twentieth century, Manhattan had become a nexus of spectacle, its culturally distinct districts and numerous heterotopic spaces providing quasi stage-sets for impromptu and everyday performance. The theatre extended its embrace across the modern metropolis and conceptual stages could be found almost anywhere and everywhere: the subway, the elevated railway, fire-escapes, roof-gardens, shop windows and skyscrapers. These unofficial stages took their place alongside the busy lives of city dwellers. Using examples from literature, as well as elements of magazine culture, cinema, theatre, visual art, photography and music, this interdisciplinary thesis demonstrates the ways in which everyday theatre came to be played out day-to-day in the districts of Greenwich Village, Harlem and the Lower East Side. I explore how performative language and themes infiltrated mass culture, as literary and artistic representations of the city intermingled reality with the theatrical, often providing a smoke-screen for harsher truths. I incorporate works from a cross-section of writers including Djuna Barnes, Floyd Dell, Nella Larsen, Jessie Redmon Fauset, Langston Hughes, Mike Gold and Anzia Yezierska, as well as artists such as John Sloan, Aaron Douglas and Jerome Myers.

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Glover, Jacob Alan. "ONE DEAD FREEDMAN: EVERYDAY RACIAL VIOLENCE, BLACK FREEDOM, AND AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP, 1863-1871." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/47.

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This dissertation is the first comprehensive study of “everyday” racial violence in the postbellum South. Taking as its focus the states of Louisiana and Kentucky, One Dead Freedman juxtaposes the practical enactment of black citizenship against daily racial terrorism by incorporating personal, familial, and community testimony left behind by African Americans who had a direct experience with such violence. Within this dissertation, the terminology of “everyday violence” is employed to differentiate the more mundane forms of white violence from the more spectacular forms of Reconstruction-era violence such as lynching, the Ku Klux Klan, and race riots. Thus, the definition of everyday violence includes anything from verbal threats all the way to the brutal beatings, whippings, and murders that were so commonplace as to not draw attention from the local and national media. One Dead Freedman is organized both thematically and chronologically, and it examines everyday racial violence in five distinct “spaces”: military enlistment; the workplace; the household; schools; and voting stations. This dissertation pays close attention to what each of these spaces meant to black Southerners during the first years of emancipation, and, then, digs into what forms, or types, of violence were utilized by white Southerners in each. One Dead Freedman concludes that white Southerners used racial violence in an effort to circumscribe the practical enactment of black citizenship on a daily basis during Reconstruction. This violence was, ironically, both pervasive and diffuse, and served to undercut the position of African Americans in the South, and America at large, far beyond 1877 by limiting black mobility and autonomy in both private and public spaces in which African Americans defined the meaning of their own freedom. The persistence of this violence, and its legacy, was central to the enduring power of racism in America through the Civil Rights Movement and even into modern America.

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Benedict, Zachary R. "Band-aids & bomb shelters : an analytic narrative envisioning the American suburban fabric as a construct for poachable territories that engage the routine of the everyday." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1318942.

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The consumerism of Western culture has allowed the prevailing suburban development pattern of the latter half of the twentieth century to evolve from a pedestrian-friendly canvas for the American Dream into an iconographic realization of commuting motorists decentralized from social interaction. Symbolizing solitude and privatization. this sprawling environment has become an epidemic deteriorating the social network in the United States: a condition that requires a remedy.With the popularization of traditional neighborhood development. a large majority of newly constructed communities find themselves located away from the realities of the modern bait environment. Like a bomb shelter. occupants have been allowed the opportunity to escape to a time before sprawl. consequently ignoring the problem. In order to address this condition. these issues can no longer go unaddressed they must be healed. This study depicts suburbia as an evolving network requiring a reinsertion of a mixed-functionality into its failed developments in order to reengage the occupant and revive suburbia's communal identity: in turn allowing the resolution to evolve from a bomb shelter to a Band-Aid.With research methods including qualitative assessments of numerous case studies. writings and diagrammatic theories regarding the social realm. interviews. and the consideration of numerous texts regarding interdisciplinary concerns as well as popular culture and sociological understandings. the study defines suburbia as a poachable territory — a construct that harvests opportunities for the occupant to reengage their context. By reversing the evolution from pedestrian to motorist. these interventions allow communities to embezzle the environment in an effort to establish a collective identity and reintroduce a social ream. Furthermore. these theories are then inserted in a generalizable residential development in Carmel. Indiana named Village Park Estates. By analyzing the potential found in these developments this epidemic can begin to be diagnosed allowing the author to establish a solution grounded in the routine of the everyday. Department of Architecture

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Lynes, Heather. "The explicitness of the everyday : pursuing meaningful lives in the context of intentional community in the Northwest United States." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9822.

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Intentional communities are distinctive socio-cultural contexts which encourage and enable their residents to: live according to explicit beliefs, values and morals and pursue goods that extend beyond the self in an assessable manner in order that progress might be recognized. As such, intentional communities are experienced by their residents as more conducive for the realisation of meaningful lives than „mainstream‟ contexts in contemporary America. This thesis supports this claim through exploring the everyday activities through which residents of an intentional community in the Northwest United States worked to build meaningful lives for themselves, and those with whom they associate. A meaningful life, in this distinctive context, is understood to be constituted both by living according to one‟s beliefs, values and morals, as well as contributing to the pursuit of goods that are outside the self. The analysis is based on fourteen months of fieldwork with a rural intentional community known as Cedar River, twelve months of which were spent living in the community and participating in every facet of community life as though I were a community member. In this thesis, intentional community is understood to be a context for the construction, negotiation and actualisation of individual and communal goals which are informed by beliefs, values and morals that might be considered „alternative‟ from the perspective of the ambient society. Thus, intentional community residents‟ pursuits of meaningful lives are socio-culturally distinct, rendering them particularly well suited to anthropological investigation where the primary concern is on the role of culture and society in shaping individuals‟ ways of being, and vice versa (See Matthews 2009). Whereas many social scientific studies tend to focus on significant experiences, such as sacred ritual, in order to examine the production of meaning (See Turner and Bruner 1986), this thesis focuses on ordinary, everyday activity within the context of Cedar River. The activities associated with community-building, interpersonal relationships, organisational viability, human-environmental interaction and food-related practices, in particular, are explored. I argue that daily activities, in the context of intentional community, take on a heightened significance due to the explicitness of value attached to them, thereby rendering them a key medium through which residents of intentional communities experience their lives as meaningful. Additionally, I argue that daily activities which can be understood as contributing to the communal projects of the pursuits of sustainability and well-being have an even greater impact on residents‟ ability to experience their lives as meaningful. This is due to the fact that both sustainability and well-being (understood as being intimately connected to one another) are goods which extend beyond the individual and the community. They are referred to as projects because they do not have fixed achievable ends, but rather are goals, set by the community-as-a-whole, that become more accurate in the processes of pursuit (See Levy 2005). Thus, the activities associated with these projects, and similar ones such as the pursuit of world peace, have the power to confer “superlative meaning” on the lives of intentional community residents (ibid). How selfhood and identity are conceptualised, negotiated and recognised by residents and the community-as-a-whole, through these activities, emerges as a secondary theme throughout the thesis. I suggest that the disjuncture between communal vision and individual experience becomes most apparent in the ongoing processes of goal actualisation. I conclude by suggesting why it is that intentional community possesses the distinctive sociocultural qualities of: everyday explicitness of values and support for the pursuit of projects that reach beyond the self. I argue that, ultimately, intentional community is concerned with social change, thereby requiring demonstrability of the specific aspects of their chosen lifestyle which are thought to be beneficial for the ambient society in order that said aspects might be used as a model. Thus, intentional community is worthy of further anthropological enquiry into the social relations, cultural processes and institutional structures that make it what it is. However, due to the idiosyncratic nature of goal fulfilment and meaningful life conferment, it is inherently difficult to assess the overall contribution that intentional community – and Cedar River more specifically - might make towards the pursuit of social progress in the context of the ambient society, thereby calling into question intentional community‟s viability as a model for development. The move towards the eco-village model of intentional community suggests an attempt to address this issue.

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Alkahtani, Latifah M. "The Impact of Sociocultural and Information Communication Technology Adoption Factors on the Everyday Life Information Seeking Behavior of Saudi Students in the United States." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505191/.

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This study analyzes the sociocultural factors that affect Saudi students in the U.S. as they seek information and explores to what extent these factors impact their everyday life information seeking (ELIS) behavior and their information technology behavior (ITB). The factors in this study illustrate the unique sociocultural values that distinguish Saudi students from other international student groups: gender segregation, emphasis on religion, social support, and utilization of the consultation concept. After collecting data from an online survey, the data from linear regression analyses revealed that only one culture factor (the language barrier) showed a significant impact on Saudi student ELIS in the U.S., while the other factors were not statistically significant. Also, the findings indicated that perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEU) were statistically significant to the ELIS of Saudi students. Furthermore, the study showed that after academic information, food and drink, entertainment, and health were the top student needs, the top ranking sources for everyday life seeking information were social media and the Internet. The findings of the study help to shed light on a sizable user group. As the fourth largest group of international students in the U.S., Saudi students have been underrepresented in research. Also, the study's findings and recommendations provide a more profound understanding of Saudi students for both the hosting American university officials and stakeholders who provide scholarships.

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Addie, Jean-Paul David. "Geographies of Neoliberal Regulation and the Everyday Urban Experience: A Case Study of Over-the-Rhine, Cincinnati." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1153950131.

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Moon, Heehyul. "CARE RECIPIENT AND FAMILY CAREGIVER PERCEPTIONS OF EVERYDAY CARE IN EARLY-STAGE DEMENTIA: THE EFFECT OF INCONGRUENCE ON QUALITY OF LIFE AND THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF DYADIC RELATIONSHIP STRAIN." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1343412823.

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Bourgette, Alika. "Let's Talk Story: Waikiki and Its Social Displacements in Oral Histories and Print, 1901-1935." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2017. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1809.

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The everyday experiences of Waikiki’s residents of color often escaped official and semi-official records of historical events. When concerning Native Hawaiians and other nonwhite peoples, haole elite journalists and policymakers viewed their land, possessions, and bodies as opportunities for the cultural commodification, sexualization, and reimagination. As part of the redevelopment efforts of the Waikiki shoreline in the early twentieth century, state and commercial actors worked to affect the systematic erasure of Native Hawaiian and resident Asian spaces. This study utilizes extensive collections of oral histories from marginalized Waikiki residents of color to provide counterpoint to notions of indigenous passivity and ‘native’ savagery perpetuated by hegemonic colonial influences. In conjunction with an “against the grain” reading of print sources, including legislation records, newspaper articles, advertisements, and tourist literature, the study of Waikiki’s oral histories revealed a narrative of everyday resistance and cultural amalgamation in opposition to forces of assimilation and control. Focusing within the first four decades of the twentieth century, the project highlights the social development of Waikiki over that span. It provides vivid reinterpretation of race, ethnicity, sexuality, and gender in the space. The study examines the territorial government's application of biopower against vulnerable, multiethnic populations with respect to immigration and redevelopment, while simultaneously uncovering everyday resistance to that power.

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Tallis, Joshua. "Muddy waters : framing littoral maritime security through the lens of the Broken Windows theory." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/9028.

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This dissertation explores the growing field of study around Maritime Security. While an increasingly common sub-heading in American naval strategy documents, maritime security operations are largely framed around individual threats (i.e. counter-piracy, counter-terrorism, counter-narcotics). Here, we endeavor to explore how a seemingly disparate set of transnational issues fit into a more coherent framework to give greater theoretical substance to the notion of Maritime Security as a distinct concept. In particular, we examine, as our research question, whether the Broken Windows theory, a criminological construct of social disorganization, provides the lens through which to theorize maritime security in the littorals. By extrapolating from criminology, this dissertation engages with a small but growing impulse in studies on insurgencies, terrorism, and piracy to look beyond classic theories of security to better understand phenomena of political violence. To evaluate our research question, we begin by identifying two critical components of the Broken Windows theory, multidimensionality and context specificity. Multidimensionality refers to the web of interrelated individuals, organizations, and infrastructure upon which crime operates. Context specificity refers to the powerful influence of an individual or community's environment on behavior. These two themes, as explored in this dissertation, are brought into stark relief through an application of the Broken Windows theory. Leveraging this understanding of the theory, we explore our research question by employing process-tracing and detailed descriptions across three case studies (one primary and two illustrative)—the Caribbean Basin, the Gulf of Guinea, and the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. In so doing, we demonstrate how applying the lens that Broken Windows provides yields new and interesting perspectives on maritime security. As a consequence, this dissertation offers an example of a theoretical framework that provides greater continuity to the missions or threats frequently binned under the heading of maritime security, but infrequently associated with one another in the literature.

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Caballero, Adelaida. "The Rebellion of the Chicken: Self-making, reality (re)writing and lateral struggles in Malabo, Equatorial Guinea." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kulturantropologi och etnologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-263383.

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Historical sources suggest that the bad reputation of Bioko island ―a product of mixed exoticism, fear of death and allure for profit— might have started as early as the first European explorations of sub-Saharan Africa. Today, the same elements seem to have been reconfigured, producing a similar result in the Western imagination: cultural exoticization, fear of state-sponsored violence and allure for profit are as actual as ever in popular conceptions of Equatorial Guinea. A notion of ongoing terror keeps conditioning the study of the tiny African nation, resulting in media trends and academic discourses polarized by the grand themes of oil/money/corruption and human rights violations —which are highly counterproductive when trying to account for Equatoguineans’ everyday practices, mainly because the violence exerted by the state has shifted in nature. Deploying a triple theoretical framework made up by Michel de Certeau’s (1984) concepts of readers/writers/texts and strategies, Michael Jackson’s (2005) work on being, agency and intersubjectivity, as well as Bayart’s (1993) ‘politics of the belly’, this thesis explores some of the complex cultural and social-psychological strategies that urban populations in Malabo have developed in order to create, sustain and protect the integrity of their social selves while living in inherently oppressive environments. People’s means of personhood negotiation are observed through contemporary systems of beliefs, narratives and practices. I suggest that negotiations are products of, but also preconditions for, the existence of a social apparatus and the integrity of the selves moving within its discursive boundaries. Consequently, Equatoguineans’ strategies for self-making are seen as potentially responsible for reproducing a destructive status quo. This idea is further developed through the concept of lateral struggle, a form of social violence alternative to top-down flows which builds on sociality as culturally calibrated forms of symbolic interaction between selves constructed in a zero sum fashion. The dynamics of lateral struggles are illustrated through ethnographic data on what people phrase as el Guineano’s innate ‘rebelliousness’, which in turn visibilizes processes of collective self-making and the verbalization of negative national stereotypes. Possibilities for the rise of more positive types of personhood based on a habitual splitting of individual self from national other are explored. Finally, a brief assessment of how such splitting could be hindering people from collectively writing a ‘homeland’ is made. Fuentes históricas sugieren que la mala reputación de la isla de Bioko ―producto de una mezcla de exoticismo, miedo a la muerte y deseo de ganacias económicas― pudo haber comenzado desde las primeras exploraciones europeas del África sub-sahariana. Hoy, los mismos elementos parecen haber sido reconfigurados, produciendo un resultado similar en el imaginario occidental: exotización cultural, miedo a la violencia perpetrada por el estado, y deseo de ganancias económicas dada la prominencia de su industria extractiva son elementos importantes en la concepción popular de Guinea Ecuatorial. Una noción de terror prevalente condiciona el estudio de la pequeña nación africana, lo cual resulta en tendencias mediáticas y discursos académicos polarizados por los grandes temas de petróleo/dinero/corrupción y violaciones de derechos humanos ―discursos que resultan contraproducentes a la hora de dar cuenta de las prácticas cotidianas de los Ecuatoguineanos, principalmente porque la violencia ejercida por el estado ha cambiado en lo cualitativo. Haciendo uso de un marco teórico compuesto por los conceptos de lectores/escritores/textos y estrategias desarrollados por Michel de Certeau (1984), el trabajo de Michael Jackson (2005) sobre el ser, la agencia y la intersubjetividad; así como por ‘la política del vientre’ de Bayart (1993), el presente estudio explora algunas de las complejas estrategias culturales y sociopsicológicas que las poblaciones urbanas de Malabo han desarrollado con el fin de crear, mantener y proteger la integridad de su yo social viviendo en ambientes inherentemente opresivos. Los medios utilizados por la gente para el posicionamiento de su yo social son observados mediante sistemas de creencias contemporáneos, narrativas y prácticas. La autora sugiere que dichas negociaciones son productos de, pero también condiciones para, la existencia del aparato social y la integridad de los entes culturales moviéndose dentro de sus fronteras discursivas. En consecuencia, las estrategias que los ecuatoguineanos utilizan para la formación y el mantenimiento de su yo social son consideradas potencialmente responsables de la reproducción de un status quo destructivo. Esta idea es desarrollada mediante el concepto de conflicto lateral ―una forma de violencia social alternativa a flujos ‘top-down’― basado en el principio de la socialidad como una forma culturalmente calibrada de interacción simbólica entre yoes creados como en un juego de suma cero. Las dinámicas de los conflictos laterales son ilustradas mediante material etnográfico sobre lo que la gente denomina “la rebeldía innata del Guineano”, la cual visibiliza además procesos de formación de la identidad colectiva y la verbalización de estereotipos nacionales negativos. Las posibilidades para la creación de identidades individuales más positivas basadas en una diferenciación habitual entre yo-individual y otro-nacional son exploradas. Finalmente, la autora hace un breve comentario sobre cómo dicha diferenciación podría estar impidiendo la formación colectiva de una idea de ‘patria’ en el imaginario ecuatoguineano contemporáneo.

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Ibanez-Angula, Monica. "The nation within the state : Basque nationalism and everyday life in Gernika /." 1999. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9920147.

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Parker, Alison E. "Parental socialization of positive and negative emotions: associations with children₂s everyday coping and display rule knowledge /." 2006. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-09192006-143325/unrestricted/etd.pdf.

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Carte, Lindsey Jennifer. "Central American immigrant women and the enactment of state policy : everyday restriction on Mexico's southern border." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/26098.

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Central American immigrant women living in the Mexico-Guatemala border city of Tapachula routinely face multiple barriers to availing themselves and their children of rights entitled to them by law. In many cases, these denials unfold at the scale of the everyday, through interactions with low-to mid-level officials. As embodiments of the state, low-to mid-level officials such as bureaucrats, educators, social workers and healthcare officials possess the power to regulate immigrant citizenship and belonging through their everyday actions. However, we know very little about how officials working on the ground interpret and implement their power on an everyday basis; how this impacts immigrant experience and exercise of social and political citizenship rights; and how immigrants in turn respond to and negotiate results of interactions in their lives. Women and their Mexican-born children are disproportionately affected by this phenomenon, inducing consequences, such as exclusion from political and social citizenship, barring of children from the education system, and increased vulnerability to exploitation and domestic violence. Building upon literature on the changing geographies of the state, citizenship and migration in Geography, this dissertation seeks to broaden and deepen our understanding of how interactions between immigrant women and the micro-level state play out at the scale of the everyday and how these processes are significant in the lives of immigrants as well as low-to mid-level officials. Another goal of this work is to go beyond one-sided views of officials, to understand the overarching institutional contexts for their actions. To meet these objectives, I analyze data obtained during over a year of fieldwork conducted in Tapachula. My research consisted of in-depth interviews with low-to mid-level officials and Central American immigrant women, participatory workshops, and participant observation working in a local government agency. My findings suggest that low-to-mid level officials' actions constitute a form of everyday restriction, which, implemented through minute, mundane actions has major impacts on immigrant women's sense of citizenship in Tapachula. However, officials' actions are informed by complex institutional and socio-spatial factors and power-relations, which provide valuable context for our understanding of this phenomenon. text

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Akarapongpisak, Nattakant. "Rethinking state-village relations : positive forms of everyday politics and land occupation in Thailand (1997-2010)." Phd thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151278.

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This dissertation examines why and how Thai villagers occupied privately held lands illegally in the years 1997 and 2000, and how their land occupation movements developed throughout the decade beginning in 2000. It argues that in Thailand, land occupations that superficially appear to confront state authorities and institutions develop from positive forms of everyday political action by which the villagers take or adjust for their own purposes the resources and institutions of the state. These actions include everyday adoptions, evasions, modifications of and adjustments to state policies, schemes, apparatus, resources and discourses. The dissertation is based on a comparative analysis of land occupations in four villages in Lamphun province; in-depth interviews with 161 villagers, officials, NGOs and academics; and a review of contemporaneous documents and reports on the land occupations. It demonstrates that villagers' take-over of the lands and their following movements occurred within the context of a spectacular increase in Thai villagers' engagement with state agencies in agricultural and community-based development, elections and decentralised-local administration in the 1990s and the 2000s. These positive engagements distinguish their land occupations from those in other countries, which are described as being oppositional to state authorities and institutions. Moreover, in revealing how non-antagonistic relations between state and villages and subtle, unorganised everyday politics are linked to overt, collective land occupations, the study offers an alternative explanation of the dynamics and resourcing of rural politics to what has been written previously on these matters. The findings of this study are presented in two parts. The first part identifies villagers' ideational and economic incentives and their political reasons for occupying land. It suggests that villagers' inspiration to take over land emerged in the course of their evasion of and modifications to state land policies; and was motivated by their adjustment to new economic opportunities and the availability of financial resources and technologies provided by government agricultural support schemes. Further, changes in local electoral politics and in relations between local officials, business people and villagers led villagers to use local officials as mediators in bargaining with business landowners. When bargaining failed to achieve villagers' goals, they resorted to land occupation. This part of the dissertation sheds light on villager's tactical responses to the implementation of top{u00AD}down land policies; the diverse livelihood strategies of the land occupiers, most of whom were from middle-income, small-farm households; and the non-antagonistic relationships between villagers, business landowners and local officials prior to land occupation. The second part of the findings reveals the institutional and ideational tools that the villagers used to develop their land occupation movements. It describes how villagers capitalised on state-provided resources and official administrative apparatus to mobilise their movements; modified and incorporated into their discourses laws and development ideas endorsed by international and state agencies and NGOs to justify/legitimise their movements; and made use of the democratic procedures and development projects implemented by the state to channel decision-making capacity and resources to elected local authorities and villagers; and utilised laws to manage occupied lands and improve the agricultural productivity of the lands.

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Block, Tina Marie. "Everyday infidels: a social history of secularism in the postwar Pacific Northwest." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/2125.

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Together, British Columbia and Washington State have constituted a uniquely secular region. Residents of the Pacific Northwest were (and are) far more likely than their counterparts elsewhere to reject or ignore religious institutions, and religion itself. Historians have devoted little attention to this phenomenon. This dissertation draws on a wide range of manuscript, quantitative, and oral history sources to interrogate the nature and meanings of Northwest secularism in the years between 1950 and the early 1970s. Scholars have typically depicted secularism as something produced and disseminated within institutions and by cultural elites. Inspired by the rich literature on popular and lived religion, this study departs from convention and explores secularism at the social and everyday level. It does not reveal any coherent doctrine of secularism, nor does it suggest that the Pacific Northwest was a region of atheists. Just as church involvement is not the sole measure of religiosity, atheism is not the singular expression of secularity. Northwesterners were secular in multiple, ambiguous, and contested ways - ways that did not exclude encounters with the sacred. This dissertation traces certain widely shared elements of secularism in the postwar Pacific Northwest, including an indifference towards organized religion, and ambivalence around personal religion and belief. Influenced by normative ideas of race. class, gender. and family, postwar religious and cultural commentators blamed the distinct irreligion of the Northwest on single, working-class men in the region. Northwest secularism also tended to be constructed as a problem particular to whites in the region. In rejecting religion. white Northwesterners were seen as contravening dominant expectations of respectable whiteness. This study argues that Northwest irreligion was broadly based rather than anchored to a particular demographic group within the region. It challenges the assumption that secularity had little to do with women, the middle classes. and families. At the same time, this study also contends that class, race, gender, and family shaped and differentiated the meanings and experiences of religion and irreligion. For example. white, middle-class women in the Pacific Northwest were far less committed to organized religion, and religion itself, than their counterparts in other regions. However, in everyday life, secular women confronted and struggled against entrenched ideals of feminine and middle-class piety. On the other hand, working-class men were freer to behave in non-religious ways, since for them this behaviour conformed to, rather than contradicted, class and masculine norms. For men and women from all social locations, the deepest tensions around religion emerged in relations with family. The ambivalent secularism of the Northwest took shape in ordinary households, as people worked to reconcile their own secular impulses with family demands and expectations. Although they were secular in different ways, all social groups helped to produce and sustain the distinct irreligion of the Northwest. This dissertation argues that certain historical, demographic, and imaginative factors combined to broaden the possibilities for rejecting or avoiding religion in this cross-border region. While the region has been, and remains, a place of abundant spiritual energies, over time irreligion has become entwined in the myths and expectations of Northwest culture. This dissertation highlights the neglected intersections between geography and religion, and demonstrates the importance of place to secular and religious practice and identity.

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Rubin, Eli. "Remolding the socialist interior state-sponsored consumerism, the transformation of the everyday domestic sphere, and hegemony in the German Democratic Republic, 1955-1970 /." 2000. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/50038107.html.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2000. Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-57).

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Quinn, Rapin. "NGOs, Peasants and the State: Transformation and Intervention in Rural Thailand, 1970-1990." Phd thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/48019.

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This study examines people-centred Thai NGOs trying to help peasants empower themselves in order to compete better in conflicts over land, water, forest, and capital, during the 1970s to 1990s. The study investigates how the NGOs contested asymmetric power relations among government officials, private entrepreneurs and ordinary people while helping raise the people’s confidence in their own power to negotiate their demands with other actors.¶ The thesis argues that the NGOs are able to play an interventionist role when a number of key factors coexist. ...

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Vyšný, Peter. "Stát, právo a každodenní život v aztéckém Tenochtitlane." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-389848.

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VYŠNÝ, Peter: State, Law, and Everyday Life in Aztec Tenochtitlan. Dissertation. Charles University, Faculty of Arts, Centre for Ibero-American Studies. PhD Programme: Ibero- American Studies. Field of Study: History. Adviser: doc. Markéta Křížová, Ph.D. Prague, 2018. 384 pp. The present dissertation, under the title of State, Law, and Everyday Life in Aztec Tenochtitlan, is the result of the research of a society that existed in the Aztec city-state of Tenochtitlan from its founding (about AD 1325) to its conquest by the Spaniards (1519 - 1521). In the dissertation, based on historical sources and secondary literature, three essential, complementary aspects of this society are examined, namely: 1. its organization and functioning, whose character indicates that Tenochtitlan was a consolidated (urban) state; 2. its legal order, which was developed and systematically exercised by the state; and 3. typical forms of everyday life of its members (of different categories). By exploring the three aspects of the society existing in Tenochtitlan, the following aim of the dissertation was achieved: 1. to examine the state organization, the legal order and the everyday life forms of the inhabitants of pre-Hispanic Aztec Tenochtitlan, both in their interrelated contexts and in the diachronic perspective; and...

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Sheppard, Jonathan C. Jones James Pickett. "Everyday soldiers the Florida brigade of the west, 1861-1862 /." 2004. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04092004-105100.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Florida State University, 2004. Advisor: Dr. James P. Jones, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of History. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed 6/21/04). Includes bibliographical references.

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