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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « European Union countries – Boundaries »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "European Union countries – Boundaries"

Park, Soo-Young. « European Union and Hungarian Language Policy ». International Area Review 8, n^o 2 (juin 2005) : 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/223386590500800208.

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Eastern European countries has been historically multiracial European countries, therefore, the language policy of EU becomes a test case for the practical lives of peoples on the question of the preservation of national identities without national boundaries. This thesis shows what kind of language policy that EU practices to integrate its member states' peoples which practically transcend the borders and how each state deals with these necessities with European Integration and the Globalization. In my paper, Hungary was analyzed as an example.

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Kuhn, Theresa, et Aaron Kamm. « The national boundaries of solidarity : a survey experiment on solidarity with unemployed people in the European Union ». European Political Science Review 11, n^o 2 (mai 2019) : 179–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755773919000067.

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AbstractAmidst the European sovereign debt crisis and soaring unemployment levels across the European Union, ambitions for European unemployment policies are high on the political agenda. However, it remains unclear what European taxpayers think about these plans and who is most supportive of European unemployment policies. To contribute to this debate, we conducted a survey experiment concerning solidarity towards European and domestic unemployed individuals in the Netherlands and Spain. Our results suggest that (1) Europeans are less inclined to show solidarity towards unemployed Europeans than towards unemployed co-nationals, (2) individuals with higher education, European attachment, and pro-immigration attitudes show more solidarity towards unemployed people from other European countries, but (3) even they discriminate against foreigners, and (4) finally, economic left-right orientations do not structure solidarity with unemployed people from abroad.

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Šunjka, Tomislav. « European system of central banks and the European central bank ». Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine 71, n^o 12 (1999) : 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gakv9903082q.

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Yugoslavia is being late with forming of European Union law experts. As we arc not the leading country in the international business relationships, we aproach to new rules of EU by empirical way. I believe that young lawyers should be tought that this branch of law already exists, that it lives by it's own life, that it depends upon movements of European business, that the contents of those rules is being made at European level and that other countries are unable to avoid their aplication with their boundaries and interpretations, because every boundary of such kind presents selfdisconection from taking part in European business trade. It is certain that some business subjects and national countries can impact on creation and changing of existing standards, but they also have to respect standards that are in use. It is the condition for taking a part in European business trade cooperation and to that condition a special attention must be payed in our country, which is being emphasized every day by our law and business practise as unavoidable need of our business development.

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Hänska, Max, et Stefan Bauchowitz. « Can social media facilitate a European public sphere ? Transnational communication and the Europeanization of Twitter during the Eurozone crisis ». Social Media + Society 5, n^o 3 (juillet 2019) : 205630511985468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305119854686.

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Asking whether social media can plausibly facilitate a European public sphere, this article provides the first operationalization and empirical examination of Europeanization of social media communications. It maps the geospatial structure of Twitter activity around Greece’s 2015 bailout negotiations. We find that Twitter activity showed clear signs of Europeanization. Twitter users across Europe tweeted about the bailout negotiations and coalesced around shared grievances. Furthermore, Twitter activity was remarkably transnational in orientation, as users interacted more often with users in other European Union (EU) countries than with domestic ones. As such, social media allowed users to communicate with one another unencumbered by national boundaries, to bring into existence an ad hoc, issue-based European public sphere.

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Przhilenskiy, V. I. « Biobanking in the structure of legal regulation of genetic research : experience of the Nordic Countries ». Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), n^o 7 (13 octobre 2021) : 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2021.83.7.052-060.

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The article examines the experience of legal regulation of biobanks in the Nordic countries in the context of the interaction of law and bioethics. The article analyzes the moral possibilities and legal boundaries of access to personal data by the state, society and the research community, provided that the inviolability of private life is strictly observed. On the basis of legislation of individual Nordic countries, as well as the regulatory framework of the European Union, the successes and difficulties in achieving the stated goal are discussed. The issues of opening, functioning and closing of biobanks, as well as the institutional, value and socio-cultural contexts of relevant practices are considered separately.

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LeClair, Debbie Thorne, O. C. Ferrell et Linda Ferrell. « Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations : Legal, Ethical, and Public Policy Issues for International Marketing ». Journal of Public Policy & ; Marketing 16, n^o 1 (mars 1997) : 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074391569701600104.

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The authors discuss the Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations, which focus on the prevention and punishment of organizational misconduct. The guidelines have provisions that mitigate penalties for organizations that demonstrate due diligence and create an effective compliance program to prevent misconduct. A compliance program should assist marketers in developing strategy that aligns corporate objectives and standards with the legal, ethical, and societal expectations of various markets and countries. U.S. cooperative enforcement efforts with the European Union, NAFTA, and Japan extend the requirements for compliance beyond national boundaries.

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Faber, Pamela. « English as an academic lingua franca ». Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, n^o 23 (15 décembre 2010) : 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2010.23.02.

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In today’s world, the European Union is searching for a delicate balance between linguistic integration and diversity. Thanks to international knowledge transmission and exchange as well as co-operation and mobility beyond national boundaries, English has now become the preferred option for linguistic unity. It is a language that allows native speakers of different languages to communicate. However, the use of English as a lingua franca should not (and does not) threaten plurilingualism in Europe, as reflected in the many national languages in Europe and the relatively peaceful coexistence of national and minority languages in many European countries. In fact, English, as used for international communication purposes, complements and supplements national languages.

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Falkovskyi, Andrii, et Olga Dzhezhik. « FORMATION OF THE MODERN CONCEPT OF EUROPE IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL NEO-INSTITUTIONALISM ». Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, n^o 4 (29 octobre 2019) : 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-4-221-226.

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In the scientific discourse of the XXI century, the concept of modern Europe is being reformed under the influence of reforming the activities of the European Union. Scientific publications and research are conducted based on a study of the policies of the European Union countries, EU institutions and structural elements, and the problems that arise in the process of activity and development. The concept of modern Europe is a general term that embraces European values, the European standard of living, European policy, and European priorities, giving the concept of European studies a stable association with the European Union. In this context, the main causes and consequences for the scientific discourse, political practice, and future development of European countries must be considered. Neoinstitutionalists have attempted to analyse institutions based on atomistic methodology. Institutional transformations, processes of intra-European integration and enlargement of the EU, discussions on membership and exit from the EU raise issues of identity and development of governance in Europe. Europeanisation can be seen as a discourse, governance, and institutionalisation. The first interpretation emphasizes that modern Europe is a discourse, not only ideological but also administrative. In this sense, Europeanisation can be a means of expression of institutional globalization through domestic policy. In the article, the hypothesis is put forward and proved that the interpretation of the concept of modern Europe directly correlates with the future development of the European Union and its members. The dissemination of exclusive practices will help to spread the ideas of radical “Eurosceptics”, which could lead to the collapse of the European Union. The inclusive aspect of the concept of Europe is represented by the ideas of “Europeists” who, based on the common history, culture, mentality of the peoples of Europe, substantiate the positive influence on the state development of integration, non-state cooperation, and extrapolation of EU norms and principles into the new territories of Europe. There are three main reasons for shaping the concept of Europe as the boundaries of EU policy: The consolidation of political positions of the European Union and its growing role as an actor in world politics; Essence of the EU enlargement concepts; Features of development within the European community. The modern concept of Europe is considered in the context of a modern multi-level governance model. Therefore, Europeanisation is the interaction of different layers of interests, including structures of regional, multi-level governance, legitimacy of domestic and foreign policy. The impact of the multi-level governance system on the functioning of public administration systems in the Member States and neighbouring countries is considered. Four approaches are identified based on the analysis of relationships between different levels of governance. The necessity of formulating new theoretical paradigms defining the relations between the Member States and the technocratic institutions of the EU, as well as between the Europeanised system of national agencies and the ministries overseeing their activities, has been proved.

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Vasilescu, Laura Giurca. « Agricultural Development in European Union : Drivers, Challenges and Perspectives ». Pakistan Development Review 47, n^o 4II (1 décembre 2008) : 565–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v47i4iipp.565-580.

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Globalisation of world trade, consumer-led quality requirements and EU enlargement are the new realities and challenges facing European agriculture today. The changes will affect not only agricultural markets, but also local economies in rural areas. The future of the agricultural sector is closely linked to a balanced development of rural areas. The Community dimension in this relationship is therefore clear: agricultural and rural policy have an important role to play in the cohesion of EU territorial, economic and social policy. With over 56 percent of the population in the 27 Member States of the European Union (EU) living in rural areas, which cover 91 percent of the territory, rural development is a vitally important policy area. Farming and forestry remain crucial for land use and the management of natural resources in the EU’s rural areas, and as a platform for economic diversification in rural communities. The strengthening of EU rural development policy is, therefore, an overall EU priority. The European Union has an active rural development policy because this helps to achieve valuable goals for the country sides and for the people who live and work there. The policy is funded partly from the central EU budget and partly from individual Member States' national or regional budgets. Theoretically, individual EU Member States could decide and operate completely independent rural development policies. However, this approach would work poorly in practice. Not all countries in the EU would be able to afford the policy which they needed and many of the issues addressed through rural development policy do not divide up neatly at national or regional boundaries. Also, rural development policy has links to a number of other policies set at EU level. Therefore, the EU has a common rural development policy, which nonetheless places considerable control in the hands of individual Member States and regions. The EU’s rural development policy is all about meeting the challenges faced by our rural areas, and unlocking their potential.

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Spindler, Gerald, Wulf Hambach et Bernd Berberich. « The Carmen Media Case – The Expected Catalyst from Brussels for a New Approach to German Gambling Law ? » European Journal of Risk Regulation 2, n^o 1 (mars 2011) : 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x0000074x.

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Billions of Euros of turnover are generated every year from games of chance. The legal framework conditions regulating this branch of the economy vary significantly within the European Union. Whilst in many countries such as Germany the state has a dominating monopoly position, other Member States, such as Denmark, France and Italy, have made moves towards a consistent partial liberalisation. These different framework conditions lead to problems, increasingly so as the European internal market is otherwise growing closer together. This is especially evident in the area of online gambling which, due to the structure of this medium, is not restricted by national boundaries, but must nevertheless not constitute a legal no man's land.Against this background, it appears logical for the European Court of Justice (ECJ), on the occasion of the submission of cases by Member State courts pursuant to Art. 267 of the Treaty on the functioning of the European Union (TFEU) (previously Art. 234 EC), to repeatedly have called for the examination of national gambling regulations with regard to their compliance with Union law, as the ECJ's standing jurisdiction acknowledges that a (national) state monopoly for cross-border issues represents a violation of the freedom of establishment as set out in Art. 56 TFEU (previously Art. 49 EC) or the freedom of establishment as set out in Art. 49 TFEU (previously Art. 43 EC) respectively. Such restrictions of gambling activities may, however, be justified by matters of overriding general interest.

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Thèses sur le sujet "European Union countries – Boundaries"

Weerts, Laurence. « Mutations et utilisations du concept de "frontière" dans l'intégration européenne : une analyse des recompositions des modes de gouvernement et de légitimation dans l'ordre politique européen ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211212.

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Duez, Denis. « La sécurité intérieure européenne et la lutte contre l'immigration clandestine : contribution à l'analyse des modes de légitimation de l'ordre politique européen ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210681.

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La thèse est une étude du processus de sécurisation de l’immigration clandestine à l’œuvre dans l’Union européenne. Elle s’attache à expliquer la tension, voire la contradiction, existant entre l’ambition et la fermeté du discours européen sur le contrôle de l’immigration illégale, d’une part, et le risque politique intrinsèquement lié à ce choix, d’autre part. La prétention au contrôle des flux migratoires clandestins apparaît en effet largement illusoire tant en raison de l’ampleur et de la nature des flux concernés que de la faiblesse des moyens effectivement mis en œuvre par l’Union européenne.

Au départ d’une grille d’analyse s’appuyant sur une lecture critique des approches constructivistes de la sécurité, la politique européenne de lutte contre l’immigration clandestine est interprétée comme étant l’expression d’un « discours de sécurité » forgeant des représentations sociales insécurisantes des migrants clandestins. Cette production sociale du « péril migratoire » est examinée sous l’angle des enjeux de légitimité entourant la création de l’espace européen de liberté, de sécurité et de justice. Dans ce cadre, nous soulignons que la lutte contre l’immigration l’illégale ne peut se réduire à son objectif explicite – la maîtrise des flux – mais qu’elle participe également d’un mécanisme classique de légitimation du corps politique supposant la définition d’une figure menaçante de l’altérité. Le « clandestin » représente dans cette optique un « objet insécurisant » consensuel qui émerge dans le champ européen au terme d’un processus de formation d’une volonté politique fonctionnant sur le mode du plus petit dénominateur commun. Agrégeant les inquiétudes exprimées à l’égard du terrorisme et de la criminalité transnationales mais aussi les préoccupations pour la stabilité économique, sociale et culturelle des sociétés européennes, cette figure permet de rassembler les États membres autour d’un projet sécuritaire commun. Elle contribue de ce fait à l’émergence d’une dynamique de type ami-ennemi reposant sur une opposition croissante entre un « Autre » incarné par le clandestin et un « Nous » qui, à défaut d’être culturellement homogène, se trouve unifié par un sentiment d’insécurité collectivement partagé.

Doctorat en sciences politiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Rasco, Clark Joseph. « Demographic trends in the European Union : political and strategic implicaitons / ». Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Jun%5FRasco.pdf.

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Li, Xin. « European identity, a case study ». Thesis, University of Macau, 2009. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2555548.

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Krasniuk, S. O. « Adult learning technologies in the European Union countries ». Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10707.

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Slapin, Jonathan B. « Institutional design in the European Union how governments negotiated the Treaty of Amsterdam / ». Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459915981&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Tan, Zu Jia. « Analysis on the integration of EU consumer credit markets : a co-integration analysis ». Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2555572.

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Yucesan, Esin. « Stock Market Integration Between Turkey And European Union Countries ». Thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605686/index.pdf.

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The objective of the study is to analyze the effects of two breakpoints on the relationships of Istanbul Stock Exchange with the European stock markets and on the relationships among these European stock markets to increase the economic integration. The breakpoints are the execution of the Customs Union Agreement of Turkey with the European Union in 1/1/1996 and the introduction of the Euro in 1/1/1999. While both breakpoints have effects on Turkey&rsquo
s economic relations, the European Union countries are expected to be influenced by only the introduction of the Euro. Stock market indices provided by DataStream is utilized. The statistical techniques used include the correlation and cointegration analysis. Results indicate that when examined on pair wise basis Turkish stock market has more liaisons with the European stock markets, in general, after the Customs Union
but less liaisons after the conversion to Euro. However, when examined as a group, the cointegration result finds the Euro as influential as the Customs Union. Alternatively, the European stock markets have decreasing integrations as a result of correlation analysis after the Euro, but it is an influential breakpoint according to cointegrating structures.

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Nezhyvenko, Oksana. « Informal employment in Ukraine and European Union transition countries ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC0047/document.

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L'emploi informel est devenu un sérieux défi pour l'économie ukrainienne et des pays en transition au cours de l'adaptation aux conditions du marché. La tendance du nombre de travailleurs qui participent au secteur informel est en hausse depuis les dernières années. Dans mes recherches, je vais présenter l'état actuel de l'emploi informel en Ukraine et les pays en transition. Une attention particulière est accordée à la répartition du travail entre les différentes catégories de population, en divisant les individus en cinq catégories (employés formels, employés informels, travailleurs indépendants formels, travailleurs indépendants informels et chômeurs) selon la définition de l'emploi informel de l'OIT. Nous examinons le marché du travail en utilisant les données de Ukrainian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey pour l'Ukraine et Survey on Living and Income Conditions pour les pays en transition et nous élaborons la fonction des gains du capital humain pour le marché du travail en appliquant la fonction de répartition des gains de Mincer, afin d'étudier les facteurs qui déterminent les revenus et le choix de l'emploi de l'individu en Ukraine et les pays en transition
Informal employment became a serious challenge for the Ukrainian economy and economy of transition countries during the adjustment to market conditions. Trends of the number of workers participating in the informal sector have been rising for the last years. In my research I will present the current state of informal employment of Ukraine and transition countries. Detailed attention is paid to labour distribution across different population categories by dividing the individuals into five categories (formal employee, informal employee, formal self-employed, informal self-employed and unemployed) following the definition of informal employment from the ILO. We examine labour market using the data of the Ukrainian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey for Ukraine and the Survey on Living and Income Conditions for transition countries and we design human capital earnings function for labour market by applying Mincer earnings distribution function in order to investigate the factors that determine the individual’s earnings and choice of the employment status both for Ukraine and transition countries

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Etienne, Anne. « Towards European Integration : Do the European Union and Its Members Abide by the Same Principles ? » Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4617/.

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In the last few decades the European Union (EU) and its members have emphasized the importance of human rights and the need to improve human rights conditions in Third World countries. In this research project, I attempted to find out whether the European Union and its members practice what they preach by giving precedence to countries that respect human rights through their Official Development Assistance (ODA) program. Furthermore, I tried to analyze whether European integration occurs at the foreign policy level through aid allocation. Based on the literatures on political conditionality and on the relationship between human rights and foreign aid allocation, I expected that all EU members promote principles of good governance by rewarding countries that protect the human rights of their citizens. I conducted a cross-sectional time-series selection model over all recipients of ODA for each of the twelve members for which I have data, the European Commission, and the aggregate EU disbursements from 1979 to 1998.

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Livres sur le sujet "European Union countries – Boundaries"

Krämer, Raimund. Grenzen der Europäischen Union. Potsdam : Brandenburgische Landeszentrale für Politische Bildung, 1997.

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Balawajder, Grzegorz. Raport z badań "Granice w Unii Europejskeij". Opole : Uniwersytet Opolski, 2010.

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Tietze, Nikola, et Ulrike Jureit. Postsouveräne Territorialität : Die Europäische Union und ihr Raum. Hamburg : Hamburger Edition, 2015.

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European Union and the deconstruction of the Rhineland frontier. Cambridge, Mass : Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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1955-, Zielonka Jan, dir. Europe unbound : Enlarging and reshaping the boundaries of the European Union. New York : Routledge, 2002.

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Joan, DeBardeleben, dir. The boundaries of EU enlargement : Finding a place for neighbours. Basingstoke, Hampshire : Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

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Balawajder, Grzegorz. Raport z badań "Granice w Unii Europejskeij". Opole : Uniwersytet Opolski, 2010.

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A, Groenendijk C., Guild Elspeth et Minderhoud P. E, dir. In search of Europe's borders. The Hague : Kluwer Law International, 2003.

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Jaro, Stacul, Moutsou Christina et Kopnina Helen, dir. Crossing European boundaries : Beyond conventional geographical categories. New York : Berghahn Books, 2005.

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1970-, Diez Thomas, Albert Mathias et Stetter Stephan 1972-, dir. The European Union and border conflicts : The power of integration and association. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "European Union countries – Boundaries"

Celeste, Edoardo, et Federico Fabbrini. « Competing Jurisdictions : Data Privacy Across the Borders ». Dans Palgrave Studies in Digital Business & ; Enabling Technologies, 43–58. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54660-1_3.

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Abstract Borderless cloud computing technologies are exacerbating tensions between European and other existing regulatory models for data privacy. On the one hand, in the European Union (EU), a series of data localisation initiatives are emerging with the objective of preserving Europe’s digital sovereignty, guaranteeing the respect of EU fundamental rights and preventing foreign law enforcement and intelligence agencies from accessing personal data. On the other hand, foreign countries are unilaterally adopting legislation requiring national corporations to disclose data stored in Europe, in this way bypassing jurisdictional boundaries grounded on physical data location. The chapter investigates this twofold dynamic by focusing particularly on the current friction between the EU data protection approach and the data privacy model of the United States (US) in the field of cloud computing.

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Eppler, Annegret. « European Union ». Dans The Forum of Federations Handbook of Federal Countries 2020, 147–66. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42088-8_12.

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Schneider, Friedrich. « Size of the Shadow Economies of 28 European Union Countries from 2003 to 2018 ». Dans European Union, 111–21. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18103-1_6.

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Panić, M. « Postscript : A Comparison of EC and Gold Standard Countries ». Dans European Monetary Union, 133–59. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13452-6_6.

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Sissenich, Beate. « European Union Policies toward Accession Countries ». Dans Public Opinion, Party Competition, and the European Union in Post-Communist Europe, 19–39. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-11500-3_2.

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Giaufret, Emanuele. « The European Development Fund ». Dans The European Union and Developing Countries, 144–53. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230509184_10.

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de Castro, Ana. « The European Investment Bank ». Dans The European Union and Developing Countries, 154–65. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230509184_11.

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Piccinini, Antonio, et Margaret Loseby. « The European Union, Developing Countries and Central and Eastern European Countries ». Dans Agricultural Policies in Europe and the USA, 80–93. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230597150_7.

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Farkas, Beáta. « Crisis-Resistant Nordic Countries ? » Dans Models of Capitalism in the European Union, 227–49. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60057-8_5.

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Buzogány, Aron. « Neighbourhood Countries : Promoting Environmental Protection Close to Home ». Dans European Union External Environmental Policy, 233–52. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60931-7_12.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "European Union countries – Boundaries"

Ay, Ahmet, Fatih Ayhan et Mustafa Gerçeker. « Analyzing the Free Movement of Goods Principle in European Union ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01419.

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In this paper, it will be analyzed the free movement of goods principle’s progress in European Union. This principle have special importance for all countries not only EU members. Because of globalisation’s effects, all countries have to open their boundaries to all over the World. Thus the free movement of goods affects almost all countries. Free movement of goods principle is achieved a successful progress in EU case. In this paper, we will try to show this principle’s success in EU agreements, regulations, settlements and peaks. Not only in EU, but also all open economies are getting extra benefit from trade. Free movement of goods is a part of international trade and also first step of EU integration process. Followings steps are consisting of free movement of capitals, services and human. In this paper, we’ll show the meaning and importance of this principle and its historical progress in EU. And also it will be analyzed to basic drawback, preventions, and exceptions of this principle.

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Ma, Chao, et Pasi T. Lautala. « Railway Education Today and Steps Toward Global Education ». Dans 2011 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2011-56109.

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Both passenger and freight railway transportation has changed dramatically during the past decades in most parts of the world. Many new technologies have emerged or have been increasingly applied in rail industry to improve the competitiveness of the mode. At the same time, globalization and changes in the political landscape have contributed to the growing pressure to expand the use of rail transportation across national boundaries. All the development is accelerating the need for international cooperation in railway design, construction and operation and the educational framework should shift accordingly to consider rail transportation beyond national boundaries. In addition to discussing the changes with global dimensions that are taking place in the railway industry, this paper reviews the history and current status of university level railway education in the world, including examples from the USA, Russia, China and selected countries in the European Union (EU). The paper also reviews some of the current methods and approaches used by the other industries and engineering fields to improve the global reach and cooperation in education. Based on these proven concepts, the paper provides some recommendations and suggestions for the railway industry how it can start taking its first steps toward a more global railway education.

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Lugonjić, Marija. « Comparative Analysis of Medical Workers ». Dans Organizations at Innovation and Digital Transformation Roundabout. University of Maribor Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-388-3.33.

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Continuous Medical Education (CME) is becoming a minimum condition for adapting to today's changes and achieving success in professional and personal fields.The aim of this paper is a comparative analysis of CME in Serbia, the European Union, and the United Kingdom; US, Russian Federation and Iran. The aim of this comparative study was to assess the main countryspecific institutional settings applied by governments. Methods: A common scheme of analysis was applied to investigate the following variables: CME institutional framework; benefits and/or penalties to participants; types of CME activities and system of credits; accreditation of CME providers and events; CME funding and sponsorship. The analysis involved reviewing the literature on CME policy. Results: The US system has clear KME boundaries because it is implemented solely by credentialed institutions that organize dedicated meetings with the clear purpose of educating medical professionals.The European Union has not yet been able to reconcile the differences it has inherited from its members. Only "general" conditions are defined. Continuing medical education cannot be arbitrary, like any other organizational process. Everything has to be controlled in advance. Education in the Russian Federation is regulated by the law, Art. 2 and must be viewed as a whole. Doctors and healthcare professionals and their associates earn points through accredited continuing education programs for obtaining and renewing licenses of the Serbian Medical Chamber and KMSZTS - Chamber of Nurses and Health Technicians of Serbia. The Ordinance establishes the conditions for issuing, renewing and revoking the license for independent work, ie. License to Healthcare Professionals. (RS Official Gazette 102/2015) Conclusin: This comparative exercise provides an overview of the CME policies adopted by analyzed countries to regulate both demand and supply. The substantial variability in the organization and accreditation of schemes indicates that much could be done to improve effectiveness. Although further analysis is needed to assess the results of these policies in practice, lessons drawn from this study may help clarify the weaknesses and strengths of single domestic policies in the perspective.

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Melibaeva, Sevara, Joseph Sussman et Travis P. Dunn. « Comparative Study of High-Speed Passenger Rail Deployment in Megaregion Corridors : Current Experiences and Future Opportunities ». Dans 2011 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2011-56115.

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Deployment of high-speed passenger rail services has occurred around the world in densely-populated corridors, often with the effect of either creating or enhancing a unified economic “megaregion” agglomeration. This paper will review the technical characteristics of a variety of megaregion corridors, including Japan (Tokyo-Osaka), France (Paris-Lyon), and Germany (Frankfurt-Cologne), and their economic impacts. There are many lessons to be drawn from the deployment and ongoing operation of high-speed passenger rail service in these corridors for other countries now considering similar projects, such as the US and parts of the European Union. First, we will review three international cases, describing the physical development of each corridor as well as its measured impacts on economic development. In each case, the travel time reductions of the high-speed service transformed the economic boundaries of the urban agglomerations, integrating labor and consumer markets, while often simultaneously raising concerns about the balance of growth within the region. Moreover, high-speed travel within the regions has had important implications for the modes and patterns of travel beyond the region, particularly with respect to long-distance air travel. An example is the code-shared rail-air service between DeutscheBahn and Lufthansa in the Frankfurt-Cologne corridor. Next, we will examine the implications of these international experiences for high-speed rail deployment elsewhere in the world, particularly the US and Portugal, one of the EU countries investing in high-speed rail. Issues considered include the suitability of high-speed passenger rail service in existing megaregions as well as the potential for formation of megaregions in other corridors. By understanding the impact of high-speed passenger service on economic growth, labor markets, urban form, and the regional distribution of economic activity, planners can better anticipate and prepare countermeasures for any negative effects of high-speed rail. Examples of countermeasures include complementary investments in urban and regional transit connections and cooperation with airlines and other transportation service operators. High-speed passenger rail represents a substantial investment whose implementation and ultimate success depends on a wide range of factors. Among them is the ability of planners and decision-makers to make a strong case for the sharing of benefits across a broad geography, both within and beyond the megaregion (and potential megaregion) corridors where service is most likely to be provided. This paper provides some useful lessons based on international experiences.

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Macerinskiene, Irena. « INTANGIBLES ASSESSMENT IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES ». Dans SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on POLITICAL SCIENCES, LAW, FINANCE, ECONOMICS AND TOURISM. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b24/s7.050.

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Dudaitė, Jolita, Rūta Dačiulytė et Jolanta Navickaitė. « LIFELONG LEARNING SITUATION IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES ». Dans 14th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2021.1679.

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Cikes, N., J. Dudler, F. Lioté, DE Bax et NDS Bax. « THU0596 Rheumatology specialty training in european union countries ». Dans Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.3314.

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Bir iakova, Na a., Jana Stavkova et Veronika Anto ova. « Income Poverty in Selected Countries of the European Union ». Dans 2013 International Conference on the Modern Development of Humanities and Social Science. Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mdhss-13.2013.124.

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Albu, Angela. « CORRELATION BETWEEN INNOVATION AND COMPETITIVENESS IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES ». Dans 5th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018/1.3/s04.066.

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Kocisova, Kristina, et Martina Pastyriková. « DETERMINANTS OF NON-PERFORMING LOANS IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES ». Dans 13th Economics & Finance Virtual Conference, Prague. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/efc.2020.013.005.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "European Union countries – Boundaries"

Tomás, Inês, et Ricardo Barradas. Household indebtedness in the European Union countries : Going beyond the mainstream interpretation. DINÂMIA'CET-Iscte, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2021.03.

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Carbo-Valverde, Santiago, Edward Kane et Francisco Rodriguez-Fernandez. Evidence of Differences in the Effectiveness of Safety-Net Management in European Union Countries. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, février 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13782.

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Domínguez, Roberto. Perceptions of the European Union in Latin America. Fundación Carolina, janvier 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt76en.

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This working paper examines the puzzle of the gaps between the images that the EU projects, voluntarily and involuntarily, and the perceptions of the EU in Latin America. After reviewing some of the debates related to the role of perceptions in public policy and EU Public Diplomacy (EUPD), the paper analyzes some critical developments in global perceptions of the EU based on the study Update of the 2015 Analysis of the Perception of the EU and EU Policies Abroad (2021 Update Study), which assessed the attitudes of the EU in 13 countries. The third section examines some studies on the attitudes of the EU in Latin America, including some contributions from Latinobarometer. The fourth section offers comparative cases of EU perception in Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia based on the findings of the 2021 Update Study. The analysis of each country relies on the interpretation of surveys with some references to the press analysis and interview methods provided in the 2021 Update Study. Each case discusses specific trends in the following areas: visibility, primary descriptors, global economics, and international leadership. Also, it identifies some patterns in perceptions of the EU in social development, climate change, research/technology, development assistance, culture, the case of the critical juncture in the survey (pandemic), and the EU as a normative setter. The final section offers some general trends in the perceptions of the EU in Latin America.

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Barradas, Ricardo. Drivers of private consumption in the era of financialisation : new evidence for the European Union countries. DINAMIA'CET-IUL, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2017.04.

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Barradas, Ricardo. Finance-growth nexus in the age of financialisation : An empirical reassessment for the European Union countries. DINAMIA-CET IUL, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2018.07.

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Bunse, Simone, Elise Remling, Anniek Barnhoorn, Manon du Bus de Warnaffe, Karen Meijer et Dominik Rehbaum. Advancing European Union Action to Address Climate-related Security Risks. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, septembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/rzme5933.

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The Ukraine war has added to the pressure to address the links between the environment, natural resource management and conflict. This SIPRI Research Policy Paper assesses the priorities of selected European Union (EU) member states regarding climate-related security risks, explores their strategies for pursuing these at EU level and identifies steps for further action. It finds that the appetite to tackle climate-related security risks at EU level is mixed. While maintaining the operational efficiency of the military is a red line, concentrating efforts on research, development and peacekeeping is acceptable even to countries that do not prioritize climate insecurity in their policies. Country strategies for pursuing such efforts involve spotlighting climate security during their respective rotating Council presidencies, working closely with the European External Action Service and the European Commission, and collaborating with like-minded member states. The paper recommends additional steps for action but in order to make effective adjustments to EU processes, climate security will need greater prominence on the EU agenda.

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Sheridan, Anne, et Sarah Groarke. Trends in migration to Ireland of nationals of countries with visa liberalisation agreements with the European Union. ESRI, août 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/sustat75.

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Bunse, Simone, Elise Remling, Anniek Barnhoorn, Manon du Bus de Warnaffe, Karen Meijer et Dominik Rehbaum. Mapping European Union Member States’ Responses to Climate-related Security Risks. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, septembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/htdn6668.

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This SIPRI Research Policy Paper identifies European Union (EU) member states’ efforts to address climate-related security risks in the short to medium term and suggests entry points for further action. Even countries making visible attempts to mainstream the linkages between climate and security are falling short of pursuing a comprehensive approach. Among the ongoing initiatives that might bear fruit in one to three years are: appointing climate security advisers; climate proofing peacebuilding and conflict proofing climate action; investing in early warning and risk mapping; reassessing climate financing and development aid; and building up the operational resilience of the military. Strengthening such efforts would involve: incorporating climate insecurity into foreign and security policy dialogues; increasing conflict-sensitive climate adaptation finance; sensitization to climate change and conflict; and improving the operationalization of early warning. To remain credible, EU member states must advance their climate security initiatives and close the gap between rhetoric and practice.

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Barradas, Ricardo. Financialisation and the fall in the labour share : a panel data econometric analysis for the european union countries. DINAMIA'CET-IUL, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2017.02.

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Barradas, Ricardo. Why has labour productivity slowed down in the era of financialisation ? Insights from the post-Keynesians for the European Union countries. DINÂMIA'CET-Iscte, mai 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2022.03.

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This paper employs a panel data econometric approach in order to empirically ascertain the role of the phenomenon of financialisation in the deceleration of labour productivity in the European Union (EU) countries from 1980 to 2019. During that time, the EU countries suffered a huge structural transformation based on Reaganomics and Thatcherism and their financial systems have experienced strong liberalisation and deregulation, which have contributed to poor evolution of labour productivity and have revived fears around a new ‘secular stagnation’ in the era of financialisation. Grounded in post-Keynesian literature, the slowdown of labour productivity in the majority of developed economies in the last decades cannot be separated from the phenomenon of financialisation, which has occurred through four different channels, namely the weak economic performance, the decline in the labour income share, the increase in personal income inequality, and strengthening of the degree of financialisation. Our findings confirm that lagged labour productivity, economic performance, and labour income share have a positive impact on labour productivity in the EU countries, while personal income inequality and the degree of financialisation impact it negatively. Our findings also reveal that labour productivity in the EU countries in the last decades would have grown more if there had been a stronger economic performance, a smaller decline (or even a rise) of the labour income share, a smaller increase (or even a decrease) of personal income inequality, and a weakening of the degree of financialisation.

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