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Articles de revues sur le sujet « European citie »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 9 mars 2023
Mis à jour le 10 mars 2023

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1

Šerá, Božena. « Salt-tolerant trees usable for Central European cities – Review ». Horticultural Science 44, No. 1 (21 février 2017) : 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/201/2015-hortsci.

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The present text is focused on an actual problem of planting of inappropriate tree taxa in many cities. It explains the causes of contaminated soils by winter salt management and principles of the toxic effect on plants. The paper summarizes the problem and brings solution. Town places with salt-contaminated soil should not be fitted with: spruce (Picea), pine (Pinus), linden (Tilia) and maples (Acer). On the other hand, resistant species are: ash (Fraxinus), poplar (Populus), willow (Salix), silverberry (Eleagnus), black locust (Robinia). Both lists of sensitive and salt-tolerant tree species have been presented. Salt-tolerant tree should be preferred before all the others species.
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Rodríguez Jiménez, Antonio. « Ciudades americanas y europeas transformadas por una visión literaria. » Argos 10, no 25 (1 janvier 2023) : 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/argos.v10.n25.1a23.

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La memoria de los poetas contiene una visión más lírica que histórica sobre las ciudades y esto permitirá sostener diferentes miradas sobre lugares emblemáticos del mundo en un entorno evolutivo: desde su esplendor hasta su destrucción, descubrimiento de sus restos y recuperación. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación es observar la metamorfosis a la que someten los poetas con sus miradas el entorno urbano y lo transforman. Cada contemplación poética añadió un nuevo valor diferente incluso a las mismas urbes. La visión del pasado y la del presente son tan diferentes no por las transformaciones urbanas a las que se sometieron sino por la manera que las veían los creadores. Hasta el punto de que una urbe emblemática, que estuvo inmersa en su ruina permanente durante siglos, también se transformó gracias a esa mirada mágica y deslumbrante, que culminó en una reflexión de creadores contemporáneos, que, entre unos y otros, ofrecen ciudades diferentes, según el estado de ánimo de cada mirada creativa. Entre otras, se aborda Medina Azahara, ciudad palatina del siglo X, erigida durante el califato de Abderramán III, en pleno esplendor de los Omeyas. También se afrontan las visiones líricas de ciudades como Córdoba, París, Roma, Florencia, Venecia, Praga, Nueva York, Madrid, Granada, Lisboa, La Habana, o México, entre otras. En definitiva, se muestra cómo a través de esas miradas privilegiadas, que resplandecen el pasado, se pueden conservar en el presente y dinamizarlas para el imaginario futuro.
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Heckart, Beverly. « The Cities of Avignon and Worms as Expressions of the European Community ». Comparative Studies in Society and History 31, no 3 (juillet 1989) : 462–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500016005.

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At the end of 1978, the German art critic Walter Frentz, introducing a film and public lecture in the city of Worms, postulated that Europeans could breathe new life into the idea of European unity by devoting greater care and attention to the shape and form of European cities. The theme of his remarks that night specifically encouraged the preservation of historic urban cores, but more striking was his general concept linking the development of the European Community with the treatment of the European city. As a growing literature on architectural symbolism and urban imagery suggests, cities take the shapes that are expressions of a total society, reflecting the spectrum of their political, economic and cultural life. As Europeans rebuilt and developed their cities in the period after World War II, they also charted the course of their unification.
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D’ascenzo, Fabrizio, Adrian Tantau, Marco Savastano et Ana-Maria Iulia Şanta. « New Energy Policies for Smart Cities - a Comparison among Smart Cities in the European Union ». Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 13, no 1 (1 mai 2019) : 1140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2019-0100.

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Abstract Given the current challenges of climate change our society is dealing with at a global level, the European Union develops a new energy policy based on clean energy. The package “Clean Energy for All Europeans”, which has been adopted by the European Commission in 2016, contains measures for a new energy policy at the level of the European Union, based on promoting an Energy Union by following a harmonized framework and common objectives. Considering this European policy debate an interesting topic, the present paper deals with the research question what will be the reaction of the business environment to the energy policy measures proposed by the European Commission in terms of innovation. Indeed, it focuses on innovative solutions based on clean energy, that will arise for achieving the three dimensions of social, economic and environmental sustainability, such as smart cities. The initiative of helping the development of smart cities is currently supported by the European Commission in the project “European Innovation Partnership on Smart Cities and Communities”. Innovative measures are related to new financing schemes for the new projects, as new investments are needed for implementing innovative solutions. Case studies from different Member States of the European Union, e.g. Italy, Austria and Romania, will illustrate the concept of smart cities and their development in the European Union allowing for an in depth analysis and comparison among the different business models implemented. The present work presents a mixed method approach based on the combination of both qualitative research methods, such as multiple-case studies and quantitative methods, represented by the analysis and triangulation of data and indicators provided by European institutions. Furthermore, this study presents a multidisciplinary perspective, considering aspects of European policy, European law, business and economics.
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Ressel, Magnus. « Von reichsstädtischen Kommissionären zu europäischen Unternehmern ». Vierteljahrschrift f??r Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte 107, no 2 (2020) : 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.25162/vswg-2020-0004.

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Foster, Gillian, et Ruba Saleh. « The Adaptive Reuse of Cultural Heritage in European Circular City Plans : A Systematic Review ». Sustainability 13, no 5 (7 mars 2021) : 2889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052889.

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A new movement in urban environmental policy, the circular economy (CE), aims to change how Europeans consume and produce materials and energy. Cities are taking up the CE challenge. This research inquires whether the infant CE programs in European cities include cultural heritage and adaptive reuse of cultural heritage (ARCH) buildings. ARCH buildings exemplify the central principal of the CE, which is a temporally long service life with multiple uses for several generations of users. In addition, culture and cultural heritage buildings are established drivers of socioeconomic development, urban landscape, and identity. Hypothetically, cultural heritage and adaptive reuse of cultural heritage (ARCH) buildings should be prominently included in European cities’ CE programs, particularly those cities that are highly ranked on the 2019 European Cultural and Creative Cities Monitor (Monitor). To test this hypothesis, this study creates a novel dataset that profiles the existing circular city plans of 190 European cities included in the Monitor’s ranking. Contrary to the hypothesis, just seven percent of cities in the dataset include cultural heritage. European cities are missing an opportunity to achieve their CE goals and preserve their unique identities as embodied in the built environment.
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Natera-Rivas, Juan José, Remedios Larrubia-Vargas et Susana Rosa Navarro-Rodríguez. « Evidencias sobre la segregación vertical en ciudades del sur de Europa. El caso de la ciudad de Málaga ». Papeles de Población 23, no 92 (30 avril 2017) : 185–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.22185/24487147.2017.92.017.

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Turok, Ivan, et Vlad Mykhnenko. « Resurgent European cities ? » Urban Research & ; Practice 1, no 1 (3 avril 2008) : 54–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17535060701795363.

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NA, Aelee. « Branding of european cities for Sightseeing cities ». Europe Culture Arts Association 9, no 1 (31 mars 2018) : 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26854/jeca.2018.9.1.41.

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Tantau, Adrian, et Ana-Maria Iulia Şanta. « New Energy Policy Directions in the European Union Developing the Concept of Smart Cities ». Smart Cities 4, no 1 (9 février 2021) : 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities4010015.

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In the context of the European Union promoting clean energy, sustainability and better living conditions for its citizens, the development of smarts cities is an initiative supported at the European Union level, in line with the new energy policies of the European Union promoted by the package “Clean Energy for All Europeans”. The concept of smart cities gains increasing importance in the European Union, a fact that is reflected in the project “European Innovation Partnership on Smart Cities and Communities” of the European Commission. Smart cities are a practical example of how the new energy policies shape the lives of the European Union citizens, trying to improve it. As a consequence, new business models arise in big cities, involving the use of technology for better living conditions. These new, technology-based business models are important, as they improve the life quality of the inhabitants, they reduce the climate change impact, and they contribute as well to job creation in the IT-industry, promoting innovation. They have as well a social impact, as they bring experts from energy policies, business, economics, legal and IT together in order to project a new type of city—the smart city. The research hypothesis of the present article is that there is a high acceptance towards the concept of smart cities at the European Union level and that this concept could be implemented with the help of information technology and of artificial intelligence. This way, legal provisions, economic measures and IT-tools work together in order to create synergy effects for better life quality of the citizens of the European Union. The research hypothesis is analyzed by means of the questionnaire as a qualitative research method and is as well assessed by using case studies (e.g., Austria, Finland, Romania). The novelty of the case studies is that the development of smart cities is analyzed due to the new trend towards sustainability in two countries with different living conditions in the European Union.
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INGLESON, JOHN. « Fear of the kampung, fear of unrest : urban unemployment and colonial policy in 1930s Java ». Modern Asian Studies 46, no 6 (6 janvier 2012) : 1633–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x11000679.

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AbstractThis paper discusses the responses of The Netherlands Indies colonial government to the rise in urban unemployment in Java brought about by the 1930s Depression. At least one in six of the large European/Eurasian population in the colony, and an even larger proportion of urban Indonesian workers, became unemployed as a result of the Depression. The colonial government and the European community were greatly concerned that the growth of unemployment among Europeans would lead to destitution for many, ultimately forcing them into the native kampung1. They were also concerned about what they saw as the moral decay of local-born European/Eurasian youth who were unemployed in unprecedented numbers. Furthermore, the European community feared that the growth in unemployment among western-educated Indonesians in the towns and cities in Java would create a fertile recruitment ground for nationalist political parties leading to urban unrest. Fear of the kampung for destitute Europeans, and fear of urban unrest from unemployed western-educated Indonesians, shaped the colonial government's responses to urban unemployment. The impact of the Depression on both Indonesian and European unemployed in the towns and cities in Java triggered lengthy debates on the role of the state in the provision of social security.
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Mendes, Claudia. « Replicating European smart cities ? » TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis 30, no 1 (31 mars 2021) : 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/tatup.30.1.17.

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The paper unpacks the notion of “replication” within the European Innovation Partnership on Smart Cities and Communities from two perspectives: The first focuses on the rationale of replication as laid out in the mission statement and integral to its vision of a European smart city market and interrogates the term borrowed from laboratory science. The second turns to replication in practice and explores how replication work, rather than providing standardized technological solutions, has harmonized the vocabulary of replication narratives, creating repositories of modularized descriptions of solutions for knowledge exchange and inspiration. The conclusion draws attention to how the focus on describing technical details precludes a more fundamental or even public debate on measures, and how the apparent failure to create a mass market for smart city technologies results in an increased access to “soft policy options,” making the European smart city an increasingly governable entity.
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NORMAN, DAVID. « BIRDS IN EUROPEAN CITIES ». Wilson Journal of Ornithology 119, no 2 (juin 2007) : 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1676/1559-4491(2007)119[323:biec]2.0.co;2.

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Baldassin, Luigino, Massimo Gallo et Elena Mattevi. « Tourism in European cities ». Tourism Economics 23, no 1 (21 septembre 2016) : 3–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/te.2015.0494.

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The article provides new information on hotel prices and services in 26 European cities and investigates hotel price determinants. In a two-step estimation procedure, the authors first quantify the price effect of single room and hotel services and then examine the relationship between accommodation prices and city characteristics. They find that hotel services differ significantly from city to city and that room characteristics such as size, breakfast, air conditioning, and free-cancellation options are services for which customers are willing to pay a significant markup. Moreover, the service content of accommodation is negatively correlated with the value of the city center where the hotel is located: increasing competition on the European market seems to be producing partial price convergence via adjustment of service and quality content, so that cities with higher factor costs tend to cut service quality while “cheaper” towns improve it.
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MARZLUFF, JOHN M. « Birds in European Cities ». Condor 109, no 1 (2007) : 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2007)109[224:biec]2.0.co;2.

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Donnelly, Roarke. « Birds in European Cities ». Auk 124, no 1 (2007) : 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[362:biec]2.0.co;2.

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Donnelly, Roarke. « Birds in European Cities ». Auk 124, no 1 (1 janvier 2007) : 362–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/124.1.362.

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Abstract The following critiques express the opinions of the individual evaluators regarding the strengths, weaknesses, and value of the books they review. As such, the appraisals are subjective assessments and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the editors or any official policy of the American Ornithologists' Union.
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Marzluff, John M. « Birds in European Cities ». Condor 109, no 1 (1 février 2007) : 224–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/109.1.224.

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Mihic, Vladimir. « Are we Europeans ? : Correlates and the relation between national and European identity ». Psihologija 42, no 2 (2009) : 203–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi0902203m.

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Researches of the correlates of the national identity are plentiful both in Serbian and foreign literature. However, in the past decade or so, a new social identity starts to make its way into the researches of the social psychologists-European identity or the sense of belonging to the Europe and the Europeans. This paper deals with the relation between national and European identity, as well as with the correlates of both of these, or one of them. The sample consisted of 451 subjects, all residents of major cities in the Vojvodina region (northern Serbia), divided into several categories-ethnicity (Serbs and Hungarians), educational level (primary and secondary school or University degree), gender and age. Several scales have been used: Cinnirela's national and European identity scale, Collective self-esteem scale, scale measuring attitudes towards the European integration-STEIN and Social dominance orientation scale-SDO. The questionnaire with the demographic characteristics has also been the part of the instrument. The research has been conducted in 2005 and 2006 in the all of the major Vojvodinian cities. Results show the relation between national and European identity is foggy, but general conclusion is that we can observe them as independent identities. The correlates of the national identity were ethnicity, high social dominance orientation, high collective self-esteem and negative attitude towards the European integrations. Correlates of the European identity were fewer: ethnicity, positive attitude towards the European integration and low social dominance orientation.
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De Falco, Stefano. « Are smart cities global cities ? A European perspective ». European Planning Studies 27, no 4 (17 janvier 2019) : 759–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2019.1568396.

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MICKOV, BILJANA, et TATJANA PIVAC. « NOVA ODRŽIVOST KULTURE U „OTVORENIM GRADOVIMA” ». Kultura polisa, no 46 (18 octobre 2021) : 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.51738//kpolisa2021.18.3r.2.02.

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‘Open city’ is a new term that was coined after the cultural policies of European cities had been established. This phrase reflects the need for citizens to participate in the establishment of the city’s cultural policy, which is part of a new sustainable system that involves a digital approach to cultural goods. Most European cities base their cultural policy on four key principles: cultural identity, cultural diversity – interculturality, creativity, and citizens’ participation in cultural life. Cultural development strategy must ensure that these principles are observed by and intertwined with all public policies. This approach indicates the development of artistic disciplines in all contemporary directions and should have a direct influence on local governments and those in charge of the cultural sector. Cultural tourism greatly increases residents’ participation in cultural projects.
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Rudden, Patrick J., Katie O'Neill, Brenda McEvoy et Angela Treanor. « Environmental sustainability of European cities ». Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Civil Engineering 168, no 2 (mai 2015) : 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/cien.14.00037.

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Eckardt, Frank. « European Cities Planning for Asylum ». Urban Planning 3, no 4 (20 décembre 2018) : 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v3i4.1834.

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Despite the high priority refugees are given in the public and political discussion, urban planning has not yet started to systematically consider the role of planning in asylum policy. Mostly, the subject of refugees’ arrival is addressed in local projects and housing without framing challenges and opportunities in the national and European context. A wider discussion on the used terminology of “integration” is missing just as much as a self-critical reflection on the orientation of planning discourses on the issue of housing only. In this editorial, our thematic issue “European Cities Planning for Asylum” is introduced and presented.
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Schoenberg, Alina M. « Urban resurgence in European cities ». Regional Science Policy & ; Practice 13, no 3 (juin 2021) : 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rsp3.12434.

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KESTELOOT, CHRISTIAN, JAN VAN WEESEP et PAUL WHITE. « MINORITIES IN WEST EUROPEAN CITIES ». Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 88, no 2 (avril 1997) : 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9663.1997.tb01589.x.

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BOC, Mihaela. « EUROPEAN CITIES FACING THE MIGRATION ». Research and Science Today 20, no 1 (15 mars 2020) : 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.38173/rst.2020.20.2.3:25-39.

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Mäding, Heinrich. « European cities : facing common challenges ? » Urban Research & ; Practice 1, no 3 (9 décembre 2008) : 230–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17535060802476418.

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Massard-Guilbaud, Geneviève, et Peter Thorsheim. « Cities, Environments, and European History ». Journal of Urban History 33, no 5 (juillet 2007) : 691–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144207301414.

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Navarro, Clemente J., et Terry N. Clark. « CULTURAL POLICY IN EUROPEAN CITIES ». European Societies 14, no 5 (décembre 2012) : 636–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2012.726369.

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Banister, David. « Transport concepts in European cities ». Cities 14, no 1 (février 1997) : 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0264-2751(97)89322-5.

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de Leeuw, E., G. Green, L. Spanswick et N. Palmer. « Policymaking in European healthy cities ». Health Promotion International 30, suppl 1 (1 juin 2015) : i18—i31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dav035.

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Kasanko, Marjo, José I. Barredo, Carlo Lavalle, Niall McCormick, Luca Demicheli, Valentina Sagris et Arne Brezger. « Are European cities becoming dispersed ? » Landscape and Urban Planning 77, no 1-2 (juin 2006) : 111–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2005.02.003.

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Nijkamp, Peter, et Adriaan Perrels. « European cities : Means and opportunities ». Applied Energy 43, no 1-3 (janvier 1992) : 177–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-2619(92)90081-l.

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Donovan, Craig Poulenez. « Transport concepts in European cities ». Transportation Research Part A : Policy and Practice 31, no 2 (mars 1997) : 176–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0965-8564(97)89919-3.

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Raats, Peter A. C. « Water, Time and European Cities ». Journal of Environmental Quality 35, no 3 (mai 2006) : 950–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0003br.

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van Dijk, Jan J. M., et John van Kesteren. « Criminal victimization in European cities ». European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 4, no 1 (mars 1996) : 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02736674.

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van der Borg, Jan, Paolo Costa et Giuseppe Gotti. « Tourism in European heritage cities ». Annals of Tourism Research 23, no 2 (janvier 1996) : 306–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(95)00065-8.

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Fullerton, Brian. « European port cities in transition ». Journal of Transport Geography 1, no 4 (décembre 1993) : 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0966-6923(93)90055-5.

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Kubina, Milan, Dominika Šulyová et Josef Vodák. « Comparison of Smart City Standards, Implementation and Cluster Models of Cities in North America and Europe ». Sustainability 13, no 6 (12 mars 2021) : 3120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063120.

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Sustainability in Smart Cities is a current and trendy topic in a global sense. The primary impetus for writing this article was to create a general implementation model for the smart governance of European Smart Cities based on the American best practice. The ambition is to be able to modify the generally created model to meet the local conditions of all countries. The aim of the article is to point out the essential elements and differences between the implementation standards, models and clusters in the cities of North America and Europe, including their benefits and limitations. This article compared standards, implementation and cluster models for Smart Cities in North America and Europe through a secondary analysis from Arcadis and IDC consultants, standards agencies, and relevant sources. In addition, comparisons and summaries of the results were used. The results of this article point out the fundamental differences between the American and European approaches to building Smart Cities. American models are more centrist-oriented to people and complex in their simplicity, thus achieving a higher degree of reputation. Europeans are less consistent and top-down oriented. The new model will make European Smart Cities more focused on the needs and expectations of all stakeholders. The main results of this article are the answers to the research questions and the general implementation model, the verification of which will take place in practice in the future.
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Ericsson, Ove. « First European research conference on “future of European cities” ». Scandinavian Housing and Planning Research 9, no 2 (janvier 1992) : 119–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02815739208730297.

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Sassatelli, Monica. « EUROPEAN CULTURAL SPACE IN THE EUROPEAN CITIES OF CULTURE ». European Societies 10, no 2 (mai 2008) : 225–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616690701835311.

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Bontje, Marco, Sako Musterd et Bart Sleutjes. « Skills and cities : knowledge workers in Northwest-European cities ». International Journal of Knowledge-Based Development 8, no 2 (2017) : 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijkbd.2017.085152.

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Bontje, Marco, Bart Sleutjes et Sako Musterd. « Skills and cities : knowledge workers in Northwest-European cities ». International Journal of Knowledge-Based Development 8, no 2 (2017) : 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijkbd.2017.10006155.

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Magnusson, Lena. « Gentrification - The Prospect for European Cities ? » Open House International 30, no 3 (1 septembre 2005) : 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2005-b0007.

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Urbanization usually involves gentrification. Gentrification implies revitalization whereby housing becomes more up-market. This aim of this study is to ascertain whether conversion of tenure from rent to cooperative ownership might initiate a gentrification process. The focus is on the socio-economic composition of individuals living in the converted residential properties. The degree of gentrification is determined by the extent to which the original tenants are replaced by individuals with more resources. The analysis is limited to the distinct of Östermalm in Stockholm city. The quantitative analysis is based on a longitudinal database, Geosweden, covering the total Swedish population in 1990-2000. Östermalm is an inner city district with 60,000 inhabitants and a higher share of converted dwellings than any other district in Stockholm. About 2,300 dwellings were converted between 1991 and 1996. Limited indications of social change can be identified during the conversion. The conversion was completed in 1995. All indicators of gentrification point to social change through residential mobility in 1995-2000. Individuals who moved into the converted properties had more disposable income than those who moved out or stayed in 1995-2000. They also had higher levels of education. The results also point to families with children as a new group of gentrifiers.
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Kvashnin, Yuri. « EUROPEAN CITIES AS MIGRATION POLICY ACTORS ». Contemporary Europe, no 100 (31 décembre 2020) : 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope72020105116.

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The article examines the urban dimension of cross-border migration to the EU countries and the role of cities in the political, economic and socio-cultural integration of labor migrants and refugees. Faced with a sharp increase in migration flows, municipal administrations are forced to develop their own ways of responding to the migration challenge, which in some cases contradict the policies implemented at the national level. The main typological models of migration governance are considered. The key factors affecting urban approaches are identified, such as the nature and dynamics of migration flows, the distribution of competences between the central and local administrations, the balance of various actors in urban politics – municipal authorities, opposition parties and movements, civil society organizations. Particular attention is paid to the development of intercity cooperation in the field of migration, aimed at sharing experiences and best practices, providing mutual assistance in the resettlement of refugees, as well as joint lobbying of urban interests at the supranational level.
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46

Backovic, Vera. « European cities in post socialist transformation ». Sociologija 47, no 1 (2005) : 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0501027b.

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The aim of the paper is to analyze changes of the city in the process of post socialist transformation. The changes in the political system and economy led to establishment of local authorities and urban economy, witch became main factors of urban development. Much attention is played to commercial property (office space and retail) because their fast development is the most visible change in the post socialist city.
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Kvashnin, Yuri. « European Cities as Migration Policy Actors ». Contemporary Europe 100, no 7 (31 décembre 2020) : 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope72020101112.

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The article examines the urban dimension of cross-border migration to the EU countries and the role of cities in the political, economic and socio-cultural integration of labor migrants and refugees. Facing a sharp increase in migration flows, municipal administrations are forced to develop their own tools to tackle the migration challenges, which in some cases contradict the policies implemented at the national level. The main typological models of migration governance are considered. The key factors affecting urban approaches are identified, such as the nature and dynamics of migration flows, the distribution of competences between the central and local administrations, the balance of various actors in urban politics – municipal authorities, opposition parties and movements, civil society organizations. Particular attention is paid to the development of intercity cooperation in the field of migration, aimed at sharing experiences and best practices, providing mutual assistance in the resettlement of refugees, as well as joint lobbying of urban interests at the supranational level.
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Akhavan, Mina. « Contemporary European Port-Cities as Laboratories ». TERRITORIO, no 88 (septembre 2019) : 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2019-088015.

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Burton, Adrian. « European Cities Try Car-Free Day ». Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1, no 9 (novembre 2003) : 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3868107.

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Fagadar, Carmen Florina, Diana Teodora Trip, Darie Gavrilut et Daniel Badulescu. « SMART CITIES AND THE EUROPEAN VISION ». Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences 30, no 30 (1) (juillet 2021) : 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(1)004.

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Cities are one of the main factors influencing the economic development and prosperity of societies. Smart cities, fueled by innovation and the Internet of Things, are built on three pillars - improving the residents’ quality of life, business competitiveness, and ensuring a sustainable environment. When applied within the six urban areas: economy, mobility, security, education, living conditions, and environment, cities can much faster make the transition to smart cities. The term smart city is often associated with the desire for accelerated modernization of various spatial and urban social interactions, the term “smart city” often being fuelled by technological developments. Proof of this are the terms used to define the same concept: “digital city”, “e-communities”, “intelligent city”, “e-City”, “wired city”. However, a smart city is called upon to respond to the needs of cities and societies alike to approach challenges in a novel and creative manner. The motivations for transforming existing cities into smart ones are obvious and straightforward. They come on one hand, from the threats of current demographic phenomena (population growth, migration, public health, safety, and living conditions), and also from the opportunities of solutions that can be brought by technological developments and innovation, transformations of generations (new “Digital” generations), and civic involvement (participation and inclusion) in the management of modern cities. Thus, the meaning associated to the name of the smart city does not only overlap with the idea of modernization and expansion, but also wants to combine, simultaneously, competitiveness and sustainable urban development. In the present study, by building upon a European vision as regards the development of smart cities, we have attempted to build an image of the European envisioned smart city, which is to be planned out and sought after through a series of strategic partnerships for innovation. Not only is the European vision detailed, but Romanian specific urban development and smart city tendencies shall also be briefly analyzed in this paper.
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