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1
Stevens, Christine A. « The Illusion of Social Inclusion : Cambodian Youth in South Australia ». Diaspora : A Journal of Transnational Studies 4, no 1 (mars 1995) : 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.4.1.59.
Résumé :
As a result of the turmoil in Cambodia during the 1970s, traditional Cambodian society was fundamentally altered: Cambodians were uprooted, and after the Vietnamese invasion in 1978, thousands fled to camps on the Thai-Cambodian border, where many sought and were selected for resettlement in other countries. Approximately 12,000 Cambodians were accepted for resettlement in Australia as refugees in the period 1975-85, with approximately 2,500 settling in South Australia. The emigrants to South Australia were youthful, with 51% of all arrivals in the period 1979-85 aged 19 years or less (Stevens). Since this period when refugees first arrived in Australia from Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam, the social adaptation of refugee youth has been little researched. Generally, young people have been but one of the age groups included in large-scale surveys or in-depth studies, such as those by Wendy Poussard, Nancy Viviani, and others, that focused on the early stages of resettlement. The research that has focused on refugee youth has concentrated on educational achievement (Spearritt and Colman; Kelly and Bennoun; Chan; Mundy) or mental health status and adjustment (Krupinski and Burrows). At a time of ongoing debate about the size and nature of the immigrant intake, and concern that the resulting cultural diversity may foster ethnic conflicts and endanger social cohesion, this lack of research on the social aspects of the settlement process young refugees from Southeast Asia undertake is a significant omission.
2
Yusuf, Farhat, et Dora K. Briggs. « Incidence of hysterectomy and tubal ligation in public hospitals in South Australia, 1980–82 ». Journal of Biosocial Science 20, no 4 (octobre 1988) : 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000017570.
Résumé :
SummaryThis paper presents information on the incidence of hysterectomy and tubal ligation in South Australia in the period 1980–82, and on the age, marital status and ethnicity of women undergoing these procedures in public hospitals during the period. A typical woman undergoing one of these procedures was married or previously married and in her mid-40s for hysterectomy or mid-30s for tubal ligation. South Australian women had a lifetime chance of one in six of undergoing hysterectomy and of one in five of undergoing tubal ligation. The findings are consonant with the suggestion that increasing numbers of women are choosing forms of sterilization as means of contraception.
3
Potter, Amy E. « “A Pledge of Allegiance to the South” ». Public Historian 44, no 3 (1 août 2022) : 110–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2022.44.3.110.
Résumé :
Research examining representations of the institution of slavery at historic house museums in the United States has overwhelmingly privileged southern plantation museums. Increasingly, however, there is a call to resist the urge to center discussions of enslavement only in the South and to expand our understandings of how slavery permeated all aspects of US society. Utilizing interviews, narrative mapping, and visitor surveys, this study seeks to show how two house museums in Kansas City, Missouri, are commemorating enslavement. This research is part of the larger initiative of Tourism RESET (Race, Ethnicity and Social Equity in Tourism).
4
_, _. « Ethnic Identity and Immigrant Organizations ». Journal of Chinese Overseas 14, no 1 (23 avril 2018) : 22–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341366.
Résumé :
Abstract The identities of Chinese immigrants and their organizations are themes widely studied in existing literature but the link between them remains under-researched. This paper seeks to explore the role of Chinese ethnicity in Chinese immigrants’ self-organizing processes by empirically studying Chinese community organizations in South Australia. It finds that Chinese immigrants have deployed ethnic identities together with other social identities to call different organizations into being, which exerts an important influence on the emergence and performance of the five major types of Chinese community organizations active in South Australia. Moreover, the ways in which Chineseness is deployed have been heavily influenced by three factors within and beyond the community. These factors are the transformation of the local ethnic-Chinese community, changing socio-political contexts in Australia, and the rise of China. In short, the deployment of ethnic identities in Chinese immigrants’ organizing processes is instrumental, contextual, and strategic.
5
Thomsen, D. A., et J. Davies. « Social and cultural dimensions of commercial kangaroo harvest in South Australia ». Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no 10 (2005) : 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03248.
Résumé :
Kangaroo management is important to the sustainability of Australia’s rangeland landscapes. The commercial harvest of kangaroos assists in reduction of total grazing pressure in the rangelands and provides the potential for supplementary income to pastoralists. Indeed, the commercial kangaroo industry is considered by natural resource scientists as one of the few rural industry development options with potential to provide economic return with minimal environmental impact. While the biology and population ecology of harvested kangaroo species in Australia is the subject of past and present research, the social, institutional and economic issues pertinent to the commercial kangaroo industry are not well understood. Our research is addressing the lack of understanding of social issues around kangaroo management, which are emerging as constraints on industry development. The non-indigenous stakeholders in kangaroo harvest are landholders, regional management authorities, government conservation and primary production agencies, meat processors, marketers and field processors (shooters) and these industry players generally have little understanding of what issues the commercial harvest of kangaroos presents to Aboriginal people. Consequently, the perspectives and aspirations of Aboriginal people regarding the commercial harvest of kangaroos are not well considered in management, industry development and planning. For Aboriginal people, kangaroos have subsistence, economic and cultural values and while these values and perspectives vary between language groups and individuals, there is potential to address indigenous issues by including Aboriginal people in various aspects of kangaroo management. This research also examines the Aboriginal interface with commercial kangaroo harvest, and by working with Aboriginal people and groups is exploring several options for greater industry involvement. The promotion of better understandings between indigenous and non-indigenous people with interests in kangaroo management could promote industry development through the marketing of kangaroo as not only clean and green, but also as a socially just product.
6
Matema, Tawanda, et Paul Kariuki. « The Impact of Social Media on Social Cohesion in South Africa ». Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 14, no 2(J) (4 août 2022) : 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v14i2(j).3249.
Résumé :
Social cohesion is an important policy issue with social, political and economic consequences in South Africa. Given the country’s diverse population comprised of different races, ethnicities and migrants from around the world, its history of violence and the persistent incidences of xenophobia, social cohesion has become a prominent issue. The study foregoes discussing the challenges of achieving social cohesion to examine the nexus between social media and social cohesion promotion. Since lockdown was introduced in March 2020, social media has become a means for daily communication, bridging racial, ethnic, class and geographical boundaries. Against this background, this study explored the impact of social media on social cohesion in South Africa? The main objective was to examine the role played by social media in fostering social cohesion. A systematic review of relevant academic literature and research reports on social media and social cohesion was adopted in gathering data. By examining the social media social cohesion nexus, an illustration of social media as an essential determinant of social cohesion can be delineated. Teasing out these aspects is vital in enriching the current literature on understanding social cohesion. The study found that social media has become an essential platform for nation-building, potentially bridging racial, ethnic, cultural, and geographical gaps in South African society. However, due to the threats of misinformation and insensitive use, social media can hamstring social cohesion and cause instability. The study recommends that social media be used appropriately and sensitively in strengthening interpersonal relationships that transcend race, culture, ethnicity, nationality, and religion.
7
Mude, William, et Lillian Mwanri. « Negotiating Identity and Belonging in a New Space : Opportunities and Experiences of African Youths in South Australia ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no 15 (29 juillet 2020) : 5484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155484.
Résumé :
This paper was part of a large study that aimed to explore determinants of increased suicides among African youths in South Australia. As part of this larger study, narratives from participants indicated that identity crisis could be a potential determinant of suicide. This paper reports on how African youths negotiate and form identity in Australia. A qualitative inquiry was undertaken with 31 African youths using a focus group and individual interviews. Data analysis was guided by a framework for qualitative research. These youths negotiated multiple identities, including those of race, gender, ethnicity and their origin. ‘Freedom and opportunity’, ‘family relationships’, ‘neither belonging here nor there’ and ‘the ability to cope against the paradox of resourcefulness in Australia’ appeared to be important themes in negotiating individual identities. An opportunity was used to acknowledge privileges available in Australia relative to Africa. However, the extent to which individuals acted on these opportunities varied, affecting a person’s sense of purpose, identity formation and belonging in Australia. The loss of social networks following migration, and cultural differences between African and Australian societies, shaped the experience of belonging and identity formation. These findings are crucial as they indicate the need for policies and practices that consider experiences of youths as they form their identity in Australia. Further studies with large numbers of participants are needed to explore these issues further among African youths in Australia.
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FIELKE, SIMON J., et DOUGLAS K. BARDSLEY. « A Brief Political History of South Australian Agriculture ». Rural History 26, no 1 (9 mars 2015) : 101–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095679331400017x.
Résumé :
Abstract:This paper aims to explain why South Australian agricultural land use is focused on continually increasing productivity, when the majority of produce is exported, at the long-term expense of agriculturally-based communities and the environment. A historical analysis of literature relevant to the agricultural development of South Australia is used chronologically to report aspects of the industry that continue to cause concerns in the present day. The historically dominant capitalist socio-economic system and ‘anthropocentric’ world views of farmers, politicians, and key stakeholders have resulted in detrimental social, environmental and political outcomes. Although recognition of the environmental impacts of agricultural land use has increased dramatically since the 1980s, conventional productivist, export oriented farming still dominates the South Australian landscape. A combination of market oriented initiatives and concerned producers are, however, contributing to increasing the recognition of the environmental and social outcomes of agricultural practice and it is argued here that South Australia has the opportunity to value multifunctional land use more explicitly via innovative policy.
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Terblanché-Greeff, Aïda C. « Same-Same, But Not : Comparing Aspects of Cultures in South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand ». SAGE Open 12, no 2 (avril 2022) : 215824402210995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221099529.
Résumé :
Oftentimes nations, societies, or communities are categorized based on cultural values, such as time orientation and social self-construal. Here, time orientation is represented by the dimensions of monochronism and polychronism; and social self-construal as individualism and collectivism. In some cases, it has been argued that individualism is complementary to the traits of monochronism, and collectivism is complementary to that of polychronism. Consequently, cultural communities have often been grouped as monochronic and individualistic (MONO+INDV), or polychronic and collectivistic (POLY+COLL), with little focus being allocated to unique cultural nuances. This paper represents cross-cultural philosophy, where cultural values are compared through the strategies of philosophical conceptual analysis and interpretive philosophical reflection. Specifically, this paper accentuates that focus should be allocated to cultural nuances of POLY+COLL cultures instead of grouping such cultures under one blanket conceptualization. Attention is allocated to three POLY+COLL cultures that are similar in some aspects but different in others. The cultures that receive such attention is to be found in South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. The purpose is thus threefold. First, it introduces the categories of cultural values; second, it presents three different POLY+COLL cultures; and lastly, the three seemingly similar POLY+COLL cultures are placed in comparison—based on themes identified in the discussion—to facilitate better differentiation. As a result, it is elucidated that attention must be allocated to cultural nuances when conducting cross-cultural studies as this is identified as a gap in the knowledge-base.
10
Claridge, Andrew W., Greg Mifsud, James Dawson et Michael J. Saxon. « Use of infrared digital cameras to investigate aspects of the social behaviour of cryptic species ». Wildlife Research 31, no 6 (2004) : 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr03072.
Résumé :
In this paper we report on the application of infrared digital cameras to investigate aspects of the breeding biology of the spotted-tailed quoll, an endangered marsupial carnivore. Technical details are provided about the cameras, which were deployed remotely at two ‘latrine’ sites used by the target species within Kosciuszko National Park in southern New South Wales, Australia. Examples of images captured by the cameras are presented, with notes on possible application of the same technology to better understand the social behaviour of rare and cryptic species.
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Rameezdeen, Raufdeen, Jian Zuo et Jack Stevens. « Practices, drivers and barriers of implementing green leases : lessons from South Australia ». Journal of Corporate Real Estate 19, no 1 (3 avril 2017) : 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-04-2016-0018.
Résumé :
Purpose This paper aims to investigate the practices, drivers and barriers which influence the implementation of green leases in South Australia. Despite some efforts on legal aspects of green leases, only a few studies have examined these aspects from an operational perspective. In addition, very little empirical evidence was presented in previous studies to show how green leases work in real-life settings. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with landlord and tenant representatives who have considerable experience in green leases. These interviewees were selected via a purposive sampling technique that identified buildings which use green leases in South Australia. The concept of interface management (IM) was used to operationalize this research. Findings The green leases were found to be mainly initiated by tenants while government involvement, economic and environmental benefits are the main drivers in South Australia. Drivers such as staff retention, well-being and corporate social responsibility are found to be more relevant to tenants. Lack of awareness and transaction costs are the main barriers to the implementation of green leases. Research limitations/implications This study focuses on the South Australian context and mainly covers dark green leases. There are implications for the government’s continued involvement and the promotion of lighter shades of green leases to overcome operational issues and barriers identified in this study. Originality/value This study contributes to the body of knowledge on the subject of green lease implementation from an operational perspective. In addition, the study introduces a conceptual framework via IM that could be used in future research endeavours.
12
Logan, Shanna, Zachary Steel et Caroline Hunt. « Ethnic status and engagement with health services : Attitudes toward help-seeking and intercultural willingness to interact among South East Asian students in Australia ». Transcultural Psychiatry 54, no 2 (27 mars 2017) : 192–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461517696437.
Résumé :
Previous research has demonstrated the importance of intercultural willingness to interact; however, these investigations have yet to be applied to a health context or to compare an ethnic minority with a majority sample. Consequently, the current study sought to better understand engagement with health services by investigating both attitudes towards seeking psychological help and intercultural willingness to interact within an ethnic minority South East Asian population, relative to an Anglo Australian sample. As predicted, negative attitudes towards seeking psychological help were higher in the South East Asian sample, with this relationship persisting across generations, despite significant differences in acculturation. In contrast, intercultural willingness to interact was not associated with ethnicity status but was associated with higher anxiety, uncertainty, ethnocentrism and help-seeking, consistent with current empirical and theoretical literature. The current study also sought to examine factors associated with help-seeking attitudes and found that ethnocentrism was a significant predictor, when accounting for previous health experience.
13
Simms, Jason L., Margarethe Kusenbach et Graham A. Tobin. « Equally Unprepared : Assessing the Hurricane Vulnerability of Undergraduate Students ». Weather, Climate, and Society 5, no 3 (1 juillet 2013) : 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-12-00056.1.
Résumé :
Abstract Students have been described as being both particularly vulnerable to natural disasters and highly resilient in recovery. In addition, they often have been treated as a distinct, homogeneous group sharing similar characteristics. This research tests these ideas through an examination of hurricane-related perceptions and preparations of students in a hurricane-prone area. A survey of over 500 undergraduate students (15% on-campus residents, 85% off campus) was conducted at the University of South Florida, a large, metropolitan-based university located in Tampa Bay, Florida, near the Gulf Coast. Following Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests, results showed that students were ill prepared for hurricanes and lacked specific knowledge of the risk. There were small but statistically significant differences in mean responses with respect to gender, age, and ethnicity on specific questions, while ethnicity most strongly warrants future research. Whether the magnitude of statistical differences results in behavioral differences is unclear. Using discriminant function analysis, attempts to identify heterogeneous subgroups based on gender, ethnicity, and age likewise found weak to moderate significant differences, supporting the contention that students are largely homogeneous with regard to certain aspects of hurricane perceptions and preparedness, though again ethnicity demands closer attention in subsequent studies.
14
Parker, Murray, et Dirk H. R. Spennemann. « Contemporary Sound Practices : Church Bells and Bell Ringing in New South Wales, Australia ». Heritage 4, no 3 (12 août 2021) : 1754–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4030098.
Résumé :
As a social species, humans have developed soundscapes that surround, and to some extent circumscribe, their daily existence. The concept of aural heritage, its conceptualization and its management represent a rapidly expanding area of research, covering aspects of both natural and human heritage. However, there have been no contemporary regional or supra-regional studies that examine the nature of sound making in Christian religious settings, nor the extent to which it is still used. This paper presents the results of a survey into the presence of bells and bell ringing practices among five major Christian denominations in New South Wales, and examines to what extent bell ringing is still practiced and what factors may determine any differentiation. In doing so, it provides an objective basis from which to investigate future changes in bell ringing practices, and provides a solid foundation with reference to aural heritage of sound in a religious setting.
15
Nash, Daphne. « Contingent, Contested and Changing : De-Constructing Indigenous Knowledge in a Science Curriculum Resource from the South Coast of New South Wales ». Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 38, S1 (2009) : 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/s132601110000079x.
Résumé :
AbstractThe nature and status of Indigenous knowledge is often debated, but the idea that Indigenous people's knowledge is local knowledge seems widely accepted: knowledge is place-based and may reference a range of places, from traditional land to other places known from social and cultural connections. Through collaboration with Koori people from the south coast of New South Wales to develop a web-based science resource, other distinctive characteristics of their knowledge emerged. This paper explores some transformations in contemporary Indigenous knowledge, while acknowledging the history of colonisation in south eastern Australia. A focus on two examples of Koori art demonstrates that Indigenous knowledge is contingent, contested and changing in culturally denned ways. These aspects are often overlooked in educational practice that essentialises Indigeneity and Indigenous people's knowledge.
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Horvath, Barbara, et David Sankoff. « Delimiting the Sydney speech community ». Language in Society 16, no 2 (juin 1987) : 179–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500012252.
Résumé :
ABSTRACTQuantitative analyses of large data sets make use of both linguistic and sociological categories in sociolinguistic studies. While the linguistic categories are generally well-defined and there are sufficient tokens for further definition based on mathematical manipulation, the social characteristics such as socioeconomic class or ethnicity are neither. The familiar problem of grouping speakers by such sociological characteristics prior to quantitative analysis is addressed and an alternative solution – principal components analysis – is suggested. Principal components analysis is used here as a heuristic for grouping speakers solely on the basis of linguistic behaviour; the groups thus defined can then be described according to sociological characteristics. In addition, by naming the principal components, the major linguistic and social dimensions of the variation in the data can be identified. Principal components analysis was applied to vowel variation data collected as part of a sociolinguistic survey of English in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. (Sociolinguistics, variation studies, quantitative methods in linguistics, dialectology, Australian English, role of migrants in language change)
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Jeder, Daniela. « Pedagogy of diversity in teacher training ». Journal of Education, Society & ; Multiculturalism 3, no 2 (1 décembre 2022) : 236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jesm-2022-0029.
Résumé :
Abstract The present work outlines a series of arguments that support the need for awareness and involvement of teacher trainers in the development of competences for diversity from the stage of initial training. The work also proposes an analysis of knowledge, skills, attitudes of a cognitive, social, emotional nature, self-knowledge capacities, ethical values, etc. as structured ensembles that can be dynamically trained for the purpose of training and developing the competences for diversity of teachers. A sequential presentation of the Professional Standards for teachers from Romania, Great Britain, Australia and France from the perspective of diversity and inclusion offers some benchmarks for an educational practice that promotes equal opportunities for education and development of all children, regardless of differences in the socio-economic status, language, culture/personality, race/ethnicity, religion, abilities or disabilities, learning styles, aspects of personality etc. that differentiate them.
18
Gollan, Natalie, et Kate Barclay. « 'It's not just about fish' : Assessing the social impacts of marine protected areas on the wellbeing of coastal communities in New South Wales ». PLOS ONE 15, no 12 (30 décembre 2020) : e0244605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244605.
Résumé :
Managing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) is about managing human behaviours, but decision-making processes have traditionally focussed on ecological aspects, treating social aspects as secondary. It is now becoming more evident that an equal focus on the ecological and social aspects is required. Without the collection of information about social aspect such as impacts and sharing this as well as ecological information with communities, MPAs are at higher risk of opposition and social acceptability problems. This paper explores the development of a wellbeing framework to understand the social aspects, including the impacts of MPAs on the wellbeing of local communities. This research investigates two case study MPAs: Cape Byron and Port Stephens-Great Lakes Marine Parks in New South Wales, Australia. The MPAs are multiple-use and were implemented in 2006 and 2007, respectively. The research began with a review of the literature, followed by fieldwork, including semi-structured qualitative interviews with community members. Through thematic coding of the interview transcripts in light of the literature on assessing the social impacts of MPAs, a community wellbeing framework of domains and associated attributes was developed to investigate social impacts. Our analysis shows; first, local perspectives are crucial to understanding social impacts. Second, understanding social impacts gives insight into the nature of trade-offs that occur in decision-making regarding MPAs. Third, the intangible social impacts experienced by local communities are just as significant as the tangible ones for understanding how MPAs operate. Fourth, governance impacts have been the most influential factor affecting the social acceptability of the case study parks. We argue that failure to address negative social impacts can undermine the legitimacy of MPAs. We propose that the framework will support policymakers to work towards more effective, equitable and socially sustainable MPAs by employing much-needed monitoring of human dimensions of conservation interventions at the community level to shape adaptive management.
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Stanley, Janet, et John Stanley. « The Importance of Transport for Social Inclusion ». Social Inclusion 5, no 4 (28 décembre 2017) : 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v5i4.1289.
Résumé :
Links between mobility, social exclusion and well being, and matters related thereto, have been an important focus of research, planning and policy thinking in the land use transport field for about the past two decades, in places such as the UK, Australia, South Africa, North America and parts of South America. This introductory paper to the journal volume on <em>Regional and Urban Mobility: Contribution to Social Inclusion</em> summarizes some of the key literature in the field during that period, illustrating how research sometimes takes a place-based approach and at other times focuses on groups of people likely to be at risk of mobility-related social exclusion. The ten articles in this journal volume explore aspects of these relationships, mainly through the lens of at risk groups, across a number of social-spatial settings. Articles draw on case studies from the Philippines, UK/Germany, UK/Colombia, Lisbon, Gilgat-Baltistan, Turkey and Japan, providing a broad set of contexts. The different language and frameworks used by researchers from different professional backgrounds, as illustrated in this volume, highlights some of the barriers that need to be confronted in progressing policy to improve the lot of people experiencing mobility-related social exclusion.
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Rowe, David, et Tony Bennett. « Tastes and practices in three Australian cultural fields : television, music and sport ». Media International Australia 167, no 1 (19 avril 2018) : 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x18767937.
Résumé :
This article introduces the Themed Section of Media International Australia, ‘Tastes and practices in three Australian cultural fields: television, music and sport’, which presents selected findings of the 2014-2015 survey of Australian cultural practices conducted as part of the Australian Research Council project Australian Cultural Fields: National and Transnational Dynamics (DP140101970). It briefly discusses the social organisation of the production of consumption of Australia in the period between the national cultural policies Creative Nation (1994) and Creative Australia (2013). The Introduction then outlines the methodology underlying the Australian Cultural Fields survey that, in building on the approach of French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, was developed to assess how far entrenched cultural hierarchies and inequalities have been displaced by broadened patterns of access to arts and culture. Of particular concern is the role of traditional and new forms of cultural capital in differentiating patterns of cultural consumption and participation across relations of class, gender and ethnicity, which the distinctive survey design and administration seek to capture in the Australian context. Bringing together the methods of Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) and Cluster Analysis, each article highlights specific aspects of the relations between cultural tastes, practices, and social positions in contemporary Australia via an engagement with contemporary debates in cultural capital theory. The contributions on television (by Tony Bennett, Modesto Gayo, and David Rowe), music (Ben Dibley and Modesto Gayo) and sport (Modesto Gayo and David Rowe) address the dynamics of these Australian cultural fields, while also indicating the significance of their research findings for studies of other nationally-constituted cultural fields, as well as the contested play of cultural capital within nations and in the transnational/global sphere.
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Suhanto, Suhanto, et Riesa Zhouneil. « PRACTICE OF RACISM IN SOUTH AFRICA POST-APARTHEID ». Journal of Social Political Sciences 2, no 1 (28 février 2021) : 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52166/jsps.v2i1.41.
Résumé :
This paper aims to describe: First, the background of the rise of apartheid politics in South Africa. Second, the implementation of apartheid politics in South Africa in 2016-2019. Third, the reaction to the implementation of apartheid politics in South Africa in 2016-2019 and fourth, South Africa after the apartheid period. These four descriptions are to answer the main problem of the occurrence of racist practices in post-apartheid South Africa. The research method uses qualitative with international relations science approach. This research is a descriptive-analytic study, a research that uses a pattern of describing the state of empirical facts with descriptive arguments that are relevant. Then, the results of the description are followed by analysis to draw analytic conclusions. To identify and discuss this problem, the author uses the concept of national identity and racist theory and ethnicity theory. The results of this study indicate that: First, the emergence of apartheid politics in South Africa, was motivated by three things namely historical background, racial background of white supremacy and economic background. Second, the implementation of apartheid politics in South Africa in 2016-2019 was systematically institutionalized and contained in discriminatory laws and applied in various aspects of life, especially in the social, political and economic fields. Third, the reaction to the implementation of apartheid politics in South Africa in 2016-2019 came from within the country and abroad. Fourth, the situation in South Africa after apartheid is the emergence of Xenophobia and its impact on the economic, social and political fields. The practice of racism in South Africa still exists where they still consider racial and skin differences to be very strong and whites still feel they are superior to blacks. This has caused South Africa to be underdeveloped in the economic, political and social fields.
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Korner, Paul I., et Frans H. H. Leenen. « Hypertension : Blood pressure regulating systems : cellular, integrative, and therapeutic aspects ». Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 65, no 8 (1 août 1987) : 1515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y87-238.
Résumé :
This is only the second time in the long history of the International Physiological Congresses that a symposium on hypertension has formed part of the official satellite programme. After the 1983 IUPS Congress in Sydney, John Chalmers organized a magnificent satellite meeting at the Flinders Medical Centre in South Australia and we felt that we wished to continue the "tradition." Hypertension research has provided a wonderful example in recent years of how exciting it can be to apply very basic discoveries to the solution of practical problems. This meeting breaks new ground in being the first scientific event sponsored jointly by the Canadian Hypertension Society and the Australian High Blood Pressure Council. The meeting was made possible by generous financial support from Pfizer Canada and Pfizer Australia with, as co-contributors, Bayer Germany and Sandoz Australia. We would also like to acknowledge the help of Mrs. A. Garat of Pfizer Canada Medical Services in the organization of the meeting and Dr. Andrew Rankin who was responsible for all local arrangements.The Hypertension Satellite was held at Whistler, B.C., July 19–21, 1986, following the 30th International Congress of the International Union of Physiological Sciences in Vancouver. It provided a good forum for interdisciplinary information exchange. It also proved to be a pleasant social occasion in the beautiful setting of the coastal range of the Canadian Rockies. There were 48 invited speakers from Canada, Australia, Europe, the U.S.A., Japan, and New Zealand. We were fortunate in having as our patrons two great names in hypertension research, Dr. Arthur Guyton and Dr. Sydney Friedman.Emphasis was on a large range of mechanisms that regulate blood pressure. There were sessions on cell biology, the kidney, autonomic nervous regulation, peptides (including, of course, atrial natriuretic peptide and arginine vasopressin), and pathogenesis. The proceedings provide an up-to-date account of the position of the current "state of the art" in a number of important areas.
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Burnley, I. H. « Socio-demographic and spatial aspects of male mortality from HIV-AIDS related diseases in New South Wales, Australia, 1990–1994 ». Social Science & ; Medicine 49, no 6 (septembre 1999) : 751–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(99)00132-x.
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Iqbal, Humera, et Susan Golombok. « The Generation Game : Parenting and Child Outcomes in Second-Generation South Asian Immigrant Families in Britain ». Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 49, no 1 (19 octobre 2017) : 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022117736039.
Résumé :
Despite much research being conducted around identity and acculturation, immigrant groups are often collectively considered according to ethnicity with broad policy recommendations applied to them. The role of generational status is frequently ignored. This article reveals findings from an in-depth interview and questionnaire-based assessment of parenting quality and parent–child relationships, child psychological adjustment, and contextual factors in 90 second-generation Indian, Pakistani, and White British mothers with 5- to 7-year-old children living in minority dense urban areas of the United Kingdom. The analysis aimed to understand second-generation parenting in more depth and to explore similarities and differences between the three British-born groups. Standardized interviews and questionnaires were used to quantitatively measure parenting and child adjustment across a number of constructs. The study found positive levels of child adjustment across all groups. Similarities were found between family types for some aspects of parenting quality. Identified differences were generally reflected between the Pakistani and White mothers, with the Indian mothers lying between the two, including child supervision and discipline, levels of religiousness, and ethnic identity (all higher in the Pakistani group). The current findings relating to second-generation mothers and their children did not support the negative assumptions which are often associated with ethnic minority families. The findings also increase understanding of effective parenting processes across different ethnic groups.
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Subedi, Rajan, Sabitra Kaphle, Manju Adhikari, Yamuna Dhakal, Mukesh Khadka, Sabina Duwadi, Sunil Tamang et Sonu Shakya. « First call, home : perception and practice around health among South Asian migrants in Melbourne, Australia ». Australian Journal of Primary Health 28, no 1 (11 janvier 2022) : 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py21036.
Résumé :
The socio-cultural context of populations has a significant effect on health outcomes across every stage of life. In Australia, South Asian migrants have a comparatively higher incidence of chronic disease and less use of health services. Often overlooked are community views of health, cultural traits and belief systems. This study aimed to explore the factors that influence health perception and practice of South Asian migrants. The study used a mixed method approach with both a survey and interviews. A total of 62 participants between the age of 18 and 64 years were surveyed and 14 participants completed interviews. Data were analysed descriptively and thematically. South Asians share a common perception and practice around health and illness. This paper highlights two key findings. First, these groups take a broad view of health encompassing physical, mental, emotional, social and economic aspects of life. Second, these cultural groups do not seek medical help as their first choice, but have a high level of trust in family for providing health advice and share a belief in the effectiveness of home remedies for managing health conditions. Participants shared their expectation that the Australian health system should consider their socio-cultural construct to make services culturally safe and engaging to enhance service utilisation.
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Joseph, Juliet Eileen. « Post-apartheid South Africa’s exacerbated inequality and the Covid-19 pandemic : intersectionality and the politics of power ». EUREKA : Social and Humanities, no 6 (30 novembre 2021) : 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2021.002099.
Résumé :
Over the past fifteen years there has been an increase in the number of protest movements globally. In recent years and amid the global pandemic there have been hundreds of protests and demonstrations in South Africa. Consequently, in comparison to other parts of the globe, such protest action in South Africa is high. As a result, stable governance in the region has been impacted.
Notably, during the resistance years in defiance of the apartheid regime, citizens in South Africa expressed their social discontent against exclusion and marginalisation through identities as radical and intersectional – this was also articulated in the recent protests that occurred in KwaZulu-Natal and parts of Johannesburg in July 2021. This highlights the relevance of intersectionality within this region. Intersectionality can be seen to refer to the inequalities that exist beyond femininities and masculinities. Intersectional theory explores aspects of discrimination, oppression, exploitation and inequality across identity, gender, race, ethnicity and class. This study uses a qualitative research approach to conceptually analyse intersectional theory. Thereafter the study discusses the relevance of intersectional theory in a post-apartheid context by illustrating intersectionality through the unrest and protests that occurred, following the jailing of former president Jacob Zuma. The findings of the study suggest the need to unpack the legacies of African elitism and social relations, while implementing intersectional reform that promotes greater inclusivity of citizens in the state.
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Katz, Mike. « International Professional Development Cooperation Study Tours for Environmental, Social and Sustainable Development for the Indian Mining Sector ». Journal of International Cooperation and Development 5, no 2 (5 juillet 2022) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jicd-2022-0006.
Résumé :
The Key Centre for Mines International, University of New South Wales, Sydney Australia undertook professional development mining education and cooperation training study tours for overseas government fellows and groups as well as private mining companies from 1988 – 2010. During the technical environmental development short courses at the university and visits to Australian mines and government offices, the programs also covered important social and sustainable aspects as well as relevant briefings on government mining law and regulations, industry’s best practice and community engagement. Details are presented for two major successful international cooperation Indian projects, a World Bank mine environment program in 2004 for state government officials and a TATA Steel Limited coal and iron mine executives and managers training program in 2010.
Received: 21 April 2022 / Accepted: 30 June 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
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Nayyar, Harleen Kaur, Shaik Maheboob Hussain, Ruchika Thakur, Neha Sonthwal, Harit Kumar Chaturvedi et Alok Gupta. « Severity, implications, and understanding of cancer related fatigue in cancer survivors of South Asian ethnicity. » Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no 15_suppl (20 mai 2019) : e23177-e23177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e23177.
Résumé :
e23177 Background: Cancer Related Fatigue (CRF) is a common debilitating symptom among cancer survivors that interferes with their Quality of Life (QOL). We evaluated incidence, severity, perception and implications of CRF on QOL among cancer survivors of South Asian ethnicity. Methods: Between July & December 2018, cancer survivors who visited cancer follow up clinic were asked to participate in this study by filling CRF questionnaire which focused on evaluating an individual’s assessment of severity, perception of causes and implications of CRF on their QOL as well as the measures taken to overcome CRF. Results: 160 cancer survivors, median age 52 years, 125 female & 34 male with most common diagnosis of breast cancer(60%) participated in the study. All survivors had received ≥2 treatment modalities. Overall, 133(84%) underwent surgery, 144(91%) received chemotherapy, 103(65%) received radiation therapy, 60(38%) received hormonal therapy & 34(21%) received targeted therapy. 36(23%) experienced weight loss and 26(16%) required blood transfusion. 148(93%) survivors reported CRF of any grade. 82(52%) reported moderate intensity CRF(affecting work but not activities of daily living) while 33(21%) reported severe intensity CRF (affecting activities of daily living). CRF was perceived as generalized weakness by 137(86.2%), emotional labiality by 42(26%), diminished concentration/attention span by 36(23%) and decreased motivation/interest in usual activities by 29(18%) survivors. CRF was attributed to treatment of cancer by 137(86%), psychological and social factors by 50(31%), cancer itself by 34(21%) and environmental /genetic factors by 16(10%) survivors. CRF adversely affected various aspects of QOL including activities of daily living in 79(50%), mood in 74(47%), professional work in 46(29%) and interpersonal relationships in 36(23%) survivors. To overcome CRF, 70(44%) survivors increased physical activity, 61(38%) resorted to mind-body interventions, 29 (18%) took pharmacological intervention and 25 (16%) resorted to psychosocial interventions. CRF resolved within 3 months after completion of therapy in 29(18%), 3-6 months in 23(15%), 6-12 months in 23(15%) and > 12 months in 1 survivor. CRF persisted in 78(49%) survivors. Conclusions: Incidence & severity of CRF is high in cancer survivors of South Asian ethnicity. Persistence of CRF beyond treatment completion significantly affects QOL and remains a poorly understood & incompletely addressed health issue among cancer survivors. More research is warranted in this field.
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Marín, Victoria I., Olaf Zawacki-Richter, Cengiz H. Aydin, Svenja Bedenlier, Melissa Bond, Aras Bozkurt, Dianne Conrad et al. « Institutional Measures for Supporting OER in Higher Education : An International Case-Based Study ». Open Education Studies 4, no 1 (1 janvier 2022) : 310–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/edu-2022-0019.
Résumé :
Abstract Open Educational Resources (OER) in higher education cannot be put into practice without considering institutional contexts, which differ not only globally but also within the same country. Each institutional context provides educators with opportunities or limitations where Open Educational Practices (OEP) and OER for teaching and learning are involved. As part of a broader research project, and as a follow-up to national perspectives, an international comparison was conducted, based on institutional cases of nine different higher education systems (Australia, Canada, China, Germany, Japan, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Turkey). Aspects regarding the availability of infrastructure and institutional policies for OER, as well as the existence of measures directed at OER quality assurance and at the promotion of the development and use of OER were covered. The resulting theoretical contribution sheds light on an international comparative view of OER and points towards country-specific trends, as well as differences among institutions. These aspects could provide an impetus for the development of institutional guidelines and measures. In line with international literature on the topic, recommendations are derived to promote/ enhance the use of OER in teaching and learning in higher education at the institutional level.
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Cheng, I.-Hao, Jacquie McBride, Miriam Decker, Therese Watson, Hannah Jakubenko et Alana Russo. « The Asylum Seeker Integrated Healthcare Pathway : a collaborative approach to improving access to primary health care in South Eastern Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ». Australian Journal of Primary Health 25, no 1 (2019) : 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py18028.
Résumé :
It is important to address the health needs of asylum seekers within the early stages of their arrival in Australia, as this impacts all aspects of their resettlement. However, asylum seekers face a range of barriers to accessing timely and appropriate health care in the community. In 2012, the increasing number of asylum seekers in Australia placed additional demand on health and social services in high-settlement regions. Health providers experienced a substantial increase in Medicare ineligible clients and avoidable presentations to Emergency Departments, and the health needs of new asylum seeker arrivals were not being fully addressed. In response, South Eastern Melbourne Medicare Local, Monash Health, the Australian Red Cross and local settlement support agencies collaborated to develop an integrated healthcare pathway in South Eastern Melbourne to facilitate healthcare access for asylum seekers released from detention. From September 2012 to December 2014, a total of 951 asylum seekers transitioned through the pathway. Seventy-eight percent required primary healthcare assistance, and were provided with a service appointment within 3 weeks of their arrival in Melbourne. This initiative has demonstrated the value of partnership and collaboration when responding to emergent asylum seeker health needs.
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Thomas, Alyssa S., Francisco J. Escobedo, Matthew R. Sloggy et José J. Sánchez. « A burning issue : Reviewing the socio-demographic and environmental justice aspects of the wildfire literature ». PLOS ONE 17, no 7 (28 juillet 2022) : e0271019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271019.
Résumé :
Larger and more severe wildfires are becoming more frequent and impacting different communities and human settlements. Much of the scientific literature and media on wildfires has focused on area of ecosystems burned and numbers of structures destroyed. Equally unprecedented, but often less reported, are the increasing socioeconomic impacts different people and communities face from wildfires. Such information seems to indicate an emerging need to account for wildfire effects on peri-urban or wildland urban interface (WUI) areas, newer socio-demographic groups, and disadvantaged communities. To address this, we reviewed the socio-demographic dimensions of the wildfire literature using an environmental justice (EJ) lens. Specifically using a literature review of wildfires, human communities, social vulnerability, and homeowner mitigation, we conducted bibliometric and statistical analyses of 299 publications. The majority of publications were from the United States, followed by Canada and Australia, and most dealt with homeowner mitigation of risk, defensible space, and fuel treatments in WUI areas. Most publications studied the direct effects of wildfire related damage. Secondary impacts such as smoke, rural and urban communities, and the role of poverty and language were less studied. Based on a proposed wildfire-relevant EJ definition, the first EJ publication was in 2004, but the term was first used as a keyword in 2018. Studies in WUI communities statistically decreased the likelihood that a publication was EJ relevant. There was a significant relationship between EJ designation and inclusion of race/ethnicity and poverty variables in the study. Complexity across the various definitions of EJ suggest that it should not be used as a quantitative or binary metric; but as a lens to better understand socio-ecological impacts to diverse communities. We present a wildfire-relevant definition to potentially guide policy formulation and account for social and environmental justice issues.
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Song, Yosung, et Justin Freedman. « Childhood Experiences of North Korean Refugees at the Intersection of Disability and Refugee Status ». Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants 6, no 1 (8 novembre 2019) : 100–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v6i1.2201.
Résumé :
The purpose of this paper is to examine how the intersection of disability and refugee is experienced by North Korean refugees during their childhood. A Critical Disability Studies theoretical framework is used to understand the interplay of social and embodied aspects of disability within the conditions faced by North Korean refugees across multiple borders and contexts. Data is reported from interviews with two teachers and eight young adults and students about their childhood experiences before, during, and after their journey to relocate in South Korea. We report findings of the violence that North Korean refugee children and adolescents experience and the structural, political, economic, and cultural conditions that shape North Korean refugee children’s access to rights, such as health care and education. Further, we highlight how identities, such as gender and ethnicity, impact the embodied experiences of North Korean refugee children, and their relationship to multiple nation-states.
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Rogers, John D. « Post-Orientalism and the Interpretation of Premodern and Modern Political Identities : The Case of Sri Lanka ». Journal of Asian Studies 53, no 1 (février 1994) : 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2059524.
Résumé :
Interpretations of ethnic and cultural nationalism in South Asia have been marked by a tension between “primordialist” and “modernist” approaches. In keeping with the more influential general works on ethnicity and nationalism (Gellner 1983; Anderson 1983; Horowitz 1985; Tambiah 1989), modernist interpretations now generally prevail in scholarly accounts. These works usually trace the roots of ethnic and cultural nationalism to the social and religious reform movements of the nineteenth century, which are seen as indigenous responses to the impact of colonial rule. The emphasis given to particular aspects of colonialism varies, but includes cultural influences, such as Western education; economic factors, including changes in class structure; and political changes, such as the extension of representative government. These modernist interpretations, however, are not entirely unchallenged within scholarship, and primordialist views, which draw more direct links between ethnic nationalism and precolonial identities, remain strong in political, journalistic, and popular forums.
34
TUPARA, HOPE. « Ethics, Kawa, and the Constitution : Transformation of the System of Ethical Review in Aotearoa New Zealand ». Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 20, no 3 (20 mai 2011) : 367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180111000053.
Résumé :
New Zealand is a South Pacific nation with a history of British colonization since the 19th century. It has a population of over four million people and, like other indigenous societies such as in Australia and Canada, Māori are now a minority in their land, and their experience of colonization is that of being dominated by settlers to the detriment of their own systems of society.
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Stevens, C. A., et R. Hassan. « Management of death, dying and euthanasia : attitudes and practices of medical practitioners in South Australia. » Journal of Medical Ethics 20, no 1 (1 mars 1994) : 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.20.1.41.
36
Tomsen, Stephen. « Victims, Perpetrators and Fatal Scenarios : A Research Note on Anti-homosexual Male Homicides ». International Review of Victimology 9, no 3 (décembre 2002) : 253–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026975800200900302.
Résumé :
Anti-homosexual harassment and violence are often described as ‘hate’ crimes perpetrated by homophobic people who act on an extreme and irrational contempt for the sexual identity of victims, and killings are regarded as the most typical form of these incidents. But there is little detailed international research evidence about the victims, perpetrators and the social aspects of such fatal violent incidents. The author's ongoing study in New South Wales, Australia, has filled some of these gaps. It has drawn evidence from 74 homicides with male victims that occurred in New South Wales between 1980–2000. Information sources were press records, police interviews with suspects, Coroner's court files and documents from the criminal trials of accused perpetrators. Analysis of the social characteristics of victims and perpetrators and the fatal scenarios reflect the significance of situational factors (such as alcohol, illicit drugs and anonymous sexual cruising) as well as the ‘hate’ motive in this fatal violence. Some perpetrators have serious drug use or psychological problems, whereas most killers are young men and boys from socially disadvantaged backgrounds. The major scenarios of killing indicate that these crimes are linked to commonplace issues of male honour and masculine identity that are sharpened in the perpetrators’ situations by their marginal social status.
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Cannold, L. « Consequences for patients of health care professionals' conscientious actions : the ban on abortions in South Australia. » Journal of Medical Ethics 20, no 2 (1 juin 1994) : 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.20.2.80.
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Bentley, Michael. « A Primary Health Care Approach to Men's Health in Community Health Settings : It's Just Better Practice ». Australian Journal of Primary Health 12, no 1 (2006) : 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py06004.
Résumé :
Promoting men's health in primary care settings such as general practice is now common, but what might primary health care for men's health look like in community health settings? This paper reports on case studies of diverse community-based health and wellbeing services for men in South Australia. The programs selected as case studies include Aboriginal men, gay men and homosexually active men, men from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, older men, middle-aged men, fathers, young men, as well as services that focus on childhood sexual abuse and violence intervention. The case studies share the following main features - they have a social view of health, use a primary health care approach with an emphasis on prevention, address issues of access and equity, use social justice principles, and work across a number of sectors. These features were integrated into a socially just primary health care framework for men's health in community health settings. Socially just primary health care can address health inequities within men's health that are related to, among other things, class, race, ethnicity and sexuality. Socially just primary health care services can work collaboratively with women's health on common concerns such as violence intervention and childhood sexual abuse. Moreover, socially just primary health care services reflect local concerns, where health professionals work with men rather than acting as outside experts.
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Young, Marisa. « From T.T. Reed’s Colonial Gentlemen to Trove : Rediscovering Anglican Clergymen in Australia’s Colonial Newspapers ». ANZTLA EJournal, no 11 (19 avril 2015) : 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31046/anztla.vi11.268.
Résumé :
T. T. Reed’s pioneering book on the lives of Anglican clergymen in South Australia is still an important guide to the contribution made by these men to the expansion of educational opportunities for children. However, the development of Trove by the National Library of Australia has provided new ways of tracing the educational activities of Anglican clergymen in Australia. Researchers have frequently acknowledged the importance of the roles played by Protestant ministers of religion in the expansion of primary and secondary education during the nineteenth century. Much of the focus of this research work in religious history and educational history has been linked to the contribution of Protestant clergymen in educational administrations, either through leadership roles as headmasters or through participation in activities established by school boards or councils. Numerous Protestant ministers of religion developed high profile roles during the early growth of non-government as well as government-supported primary and secondary schools in colonial South Australia. This article will emphasise the ways that information searches using Trove can highlight forgotten aspects of educational activities undertaken by clergymen. It will focus on the activities of three ministers from the Church of England who combined their parish duties in the Diocese of Adelaide with attempts to run schools funded by private fees. Their willingness to undertake teaching work in this way thrust them into the secular world of an emerging Australian education market, where promotional activity through continuous newspaper advertising was part of the evolution of early models of educational entrepreneurship. These clergymen faced considerable competition from private venture schools as well as government-supported schools in the colonial capital. This article will also highlight gender issues associated with their promotional activities, as each minister used different definitions of gender in order to build supportive social networks for their schools and attract attention to their teaching activities.
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Cowling, M. G., D. C. Hunt et J. D. Steele. « George Szekeres 1911–2005 ». Historical Records of Australian Science 30, no 1 (2019) : 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr18012.
Résumé :
George Szekeres was a distinguished Hungarian-Australian mathematician, who worked in many different areas of mathematics, and with many collaborators. He was born in Budapest in 1911. His youth between the two World Wars was spent in Hungary, a country that, as a result of historical events, went through a golden age and produced a great number of exceptional intellects; his early mathematical explorations were in the company of several of these. However, for family reasons, he trained as a chemist rather than a mathematician. From 1938 to 1948, he lived in Shanghai, China, another remarkable city, where he experienced the horrors of persecution and war but nevertheless managed to prove some notable mathematical results. In 1948, he moved to Australia, as a lecturer, then senior lecturer, and finally reader, at the University of Adelaide, and then in 1964 he took up the Foundation Chair of Pure Mathematics at the University of New South Wales; in Australia he was able to bring his mathematical talents to fruition. After many years in Sydney, he returned to Adelaide, where he died in 2005. We discuss his early life in Hungary, his sojourn in Shanghai, and his mature period in Australia. We also discuss some aspects of his mathematical work, which is extraordinarily broad.
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Vidmar Horvat, Ksenija, et Maruša Pušnik. « In Strangers’ Hands : Thai Massage Services in Slovenia ». Cultural Sociology 13, no 2 (29 novembre 2018) : 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749975518803226.
Résumé :
This article looks at the Thai massage industry in Slovenia and its impact on the perception of Thai women workers among users of the service. The arrival of Thai massage salons in Slovenia presents an aspect of global ‘body work’, which has increasingly relied on the labour of migrant women from the global South. In Slovenia, however, the presence of Thai female labour is a relatively new development, as is migration from Asia more broadly. In our analysis, we focus on the cultural aspects of the encounter between the providers and users of the service, as it unfolds in the micro setting of the massage salons. We argue that the closeness of the encounter between the two bodies – the worker’s and the consumer’s – complicates the concept of the modern stranger, as it is usually attached to the (male) migrant in the public space. Moreover, the intimate contact with the migrant worker confuses the hierarchies of gender, race and ethnicity and shifts the location of power and vulnerability. Our findings are then placed within the broader frame of contemporary post-socialist Slovene society to ask how this particular experience of body work may coincide with, or contest, local attitudes towards global migrants.
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De Beer, Arnold, Lynnette Serfontein et Annelie Naude. « NEW SOUTH AFRICA AND INTERNATIONAL NEWS FLOW ». Communicare : Journal for Communication Studies in Africa 15, no 2 (3 novembre 2022) : 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/jcsa.v15i2.1905.
Résumé :
The democratization developments in Africa during the 19905 (and not the least in South Africa) offered new opportunities for researchers in the field of news flow studies. Since the 19505, a number of studies have been undertaken internationally, but relatively few comparative studies were done in Africa since 1990. The end of the Cold War and the fall of the Berlin Wall demand not only new cartographic and conceptual maps, but also new news media maps, espeially of Africa. In this article, a broad question is posed: "How does South African mass media portray South Africa and the rest of the world in the 19905 through the process of international news coverage?' This article deals with some possible answers to this question as it pertains to specific newspapers and broadcast news in the country. The general goal was to provide answers to some of the questions set out in the international project on Global NewsFlow in the 1990s for the period 3-9 and 17-23 September 1995. Aspects such as main news topics,main news events, datelines and sources of international news were, amongst others, addressed. This article is based on papers presented as part of an international research) to the International Communication Association, Chicago, USA, 23-27 May 1996; the 20th International Association for Mass Communication Research Conference, Sydney, Australia, 18- 22 August, 1996; and an international symposium on 'Culture, Communication, and Development,organized (inter alia) by the Unit for Social Communication at the Human Sciences Research Council, and the World Commission on Culture and Development of Unesco, HSRC Building, Pretoria, 29-31 August 1996.
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White, Isabella, Jill Benson, Taryn Elliott et Lucie Walters. « Australian general practice registrars’ experiences of training, well-being and support during the COVID-19 pandemic : a qualitative study ». BMJ Open 12, no 6 (juin 2022) : e060307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060307.
Résumé :
ObjectivesProviding well-supported general practice (GP) training is fundamental to strengthen the primary health workforce. Research into the unique needs of GP registrars during disasters is limited. Registrar burnout and insufficient support have been associated with personal and professional detrimental effects. This study aims to explore the experiences of Australian GP registrars with learning, well-being and support from their training organisation during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to guide training organisation efforts to support registrars through future disasters.SettingInterviews were conducted via Zoom.ParticipantsFifteen GP registrars from South Australia, Victoria and New South Wales who had experienced community-based GP training in both 2019 (prepandemic) and 2020 (early pandemic).Outcome measuresTraining, well-being and support experiences were explored. Interviews were recorded and transcribed and themes analysed.ResultsDiverse experiences were reported: changes included telehealth, online tutorials, delayed examinations and social restrictions. Social and professional connections strongly influenced experiences. Personal and training factors were also important. Additional GP training organisation support was minimally needed when strong connections were in place.ConclusionsThis study identifies aspects of support which shaped registrars’ diverse experiences of COVID-19, particularly regarding professional and social connections. Findings illustrate the importance of broad principles around supporting registrar well-being. Particularly significant aspects of support include connection to educational mentors such as supervisors and medical educators; connection and culture within practices; opportunities to share clinical experiences; and connection to personal social supports. Participation in this global disaster contributed to registrars’ developing professionalism. GP training organisations are positioned to implement monitoring and supports for registrars through disasters. Although registrars may not require significant GP training organisation intervention where powerful professional and personal connections exist, strong foundational GP training organisation supports can be established and augmented to support registrars in need before and during future disasters. These findings contribute to the global developing field of knowledge of registrar training and well-being needs during crises.
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Mazumdar, Sucheta. « Localities of the Global : Asian Migrations between Slavery and Citizenship ». International Review of Social History 52, no 1 (9 mars 2007) : 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859006002847.
Résumé :
Migration has been a central concern of many areas in the writing of European history, and even more so when dealing with the histories of the white settler colonies of North America, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. In contrast, migration overseas constitutes a mere footnote (if it is mentioned at all) in densely populated China and India, where the total number of those who migrated out of the country in the last couple of centuries was a relatively small percentage of those who did not. In his thought-provoking and far-reaching essay, Adam McKeown challenges us to look beyond the normative model of “global” migration that focuses solely on European migration. Through innovative research and the compilation of range of data on China, India, central Asia, Japan, Siberia, south-east Asia that are seldom collated and analyzed together, McKeown demonstrates that Asian migration from the mid-nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries was comparable in volume to the trans-oceanic migrations from Europe. The term “global” as the theme of McKeown's essay, used as an adjective, evocatively captures the migration patterns and circulations of the modern world. But the concept of global is also the definition of the process underlying the modern economic and political system that through its very logic of reproduction creates unequal and uneven terrains. My comments explore some aspects of this unequal terrain.
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Russell, Eleanor, et Ian Rowley. « Demography and social organisation of the red-winged fairy-wren, Malurus elegans ». Australian Journal of Zoology 48, no 2 (2000) : 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo99066.
Résumé :
The red-winged fairy-wren, Malurus elegans, is endemic to the high-rainfall region of south-western Australia. We studied it in Eucalyptus diversicolor (karri) forest near Manjimup, Western Australia from 1980 to 1995. After a detailed study of breeding biology during 1980–86, we monitored dispersal and survival in known groups during 1987–95. M. elegans bred cooperatively, with 83% of groups (mean size 4.1) including one or more non-breeding males or females that helped to rear young and defend the territory. Survival of breeding adults (78%) and helper males (76%) was high. Territories and groups persisted from year to year, even though one or other of the breeding pair was replaced. Most known dispersals were to a group only 1–2 territories distant. Dispersal was female-biased, mostly in their third or fourth year. A behaviour not recorded in other Malurus spp. was that some birds, chiefly females, joined groups as helpers. The feeding rate of nestlings was not related to group size, but in larger groups the share of work done by the breeding female decreased. Helpers did not enhance the survival of breeding females, and had little overall effect on the production of fledglings. Females produced a mean of 2.4 fledglings, 1.8 independent young and 1.1 yearlings per year; survival of fledglings to the start of the following breeding season was44.2% (31–61%). We argue that the high levels of adult and juvenile survival influence many aspects of the social system in M. elegans, such as large groups, the presence of female helpers, occurrence of immigrant helpers and delayed dispersal. We suggest that an important benefit of delayed dispersal and group living is in promoting the survival of young birds, and increasing their chance of acquiring a territory.
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MAHOMED, SAFIA. « Human Biobanking in Developed and Developing Countries : An Ethico-Legal Comparative Analysis of the Frameworks in the United Kingdom, Australia, Uganda, and South Africa ». Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 30, no 1 (29 décembre 2020) : 146–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180120000614.
Résumé :
AbstractAlthough the concept of biobanking is not new, the open and evolving nature of biobanks has created profound ethical, legal, and social implications, including issues around informed consent, community engagement, secondary uses of materials over time, ownership of materials, data sharing, and privacy. Complexities also emerge because of increasing international collaborations and differing national positions. In addition, the degrees and topics of concern vary as legislative, ethical, and social frameworks differ across developed and developing countries. Implementing national laws in an internationally consistent manner is also problematic. However, these concerns should not cause countries, especially developing countries, to lag behind as this novel wave of research gains momentum, particularly while several biobank initiatives are already underway in the developing world. As the law has always struggled to keep up with the fast-evolving scientific arena, this article seeks to identify the ethico-legal frameworks in place in the United Kingdom, Australia, Uganda, and South Africa, for human biobank research, in an attempt to compare and contextualize the approaches to human biobanking in specific developed and developing countries.
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Muttaqin, Ahmad, Achmad Zainal Arifin et Firdaus Wajdi. « Problems, Challenges and Prospects of Indonesian Muslim Community in Sydney for Promoting Tolerance ». KOMUNITAS : International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture 8, no 2 (22 août 2016) : 169–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/komunitas.v8i2.5971.
Résumé :
This paper elucidates a map of Indonesian Muslim communities around Sydney in order to observe the possibility to promote a moderate and tolerance of Indonesian Islam worldwide. Indonesian Muslims who live in Australia are relatively small if we consider that we are the closer neighbor of Australia and have the biggest Muslim populations in the world. Most Indonesian Muslim communities in Sydney are in a form of kelompok pengajian (Islamic study group), which is commonly based on ethnicity, regionalism (province and regency), and religious affiliation with Indonesian Islamic groups. The main problems of Indonesian Muslim communities in Sydney are an ambiguous identity, laziness integration, and dream to home country. Most Indonesian Muslim diaspora in Sydney only consider Australia as the land for making money. Therefore, their inclusion to Australian community is just being Indonesian Muslim in Australia and it seems hard for them to be Australian Muslim, especially in the case of those who already changed to be Australian citizens. This kind of diaspora attitude differs from Muslims Diasporas from the Middle East and South Asia countries who are mostly ready to be fully Australian Muslim.Naturally, most Indonesian Muslim communities put their emphasis to develop their community based on social needs and try to avoid political idea of Islamism. In this case, the Indonesian government, through the Indonesian Consulate in Sydney, has great resources to promote moderate and tolerant views of Indonesian Islam to other Muslim communities, as well as to Western media. In optimizing resources of Indonesian Muslim communities in Sydney to envoy Indonesian cultures and policies, it is necessary for Indonesian government to have a person with integrated knowledge on Islamic Studies who are working officially under the Indonesian consulate in Sydney. It is based on the fact that most Indonesian Muslim communities needs a patron from the government to manage and soften some differences among them, especially related to problems of identities, as well as to link them with the wider Australian communities.
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KIM, SARANG, KERRY A. SARGENT-COX, DAVINA J. FRENCH, HAL KENDIG et KAARIN J. ANSTEY. « Cross-national insights into the relationship between wealth and wellbeing : a comparison between Australia, the United States of America and South Korea ». Ageing and Society 32, no 1 (24 février 2011) : 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x11000080.
Résumé :
ABSTRACTThe positive relationship between wealth and wellbeing has received considerable attention over the last three decades. However, little is known about how the significance of wealth for the health and wellbeing of older adults may vary across societies. Furthermore, researchers tend to focus mainly on income rather than other aspects of financial resources even though older adults often rely on fixed income, particularly after retirement. Using data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey (N=1,431), the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) in the United States of America (USA; N=4,687), and the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA; N=5,447), this exploratory cross-national study examined the relationship between wealth satisfaction and objective wealth and wellbeing (measured as self-rated health and life satisfaction) among older Australians, Americans and Koreans (50+ years). Regression analyses showed that wealth satisfaction was associated with wellbeing over and above monetary wealth in all three countries. The relationship between monetary wealth and self-rated health was larger for the US than Australian and Korean samples, while the additional contribution of wealth satisfaction to life satisfaction was larger for the Korean than the Australian and US samples. These findings are discussed in terms of the cultural and economic differences between these countries, particularly as they affect older persons.
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Almeida, Shamika, Mario Fernando, Albert Munoz et Susan Cartwright. « Retaining health carers : the role of personal and organisation job resources ». Journal of Organizational Effectiveness : People and Performance 6, no 2 (3 juin 2019) : 98–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joepp-06-2018-0036.
Résumé :
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify key personal and organisational resources that influence the engagement, well-being and job satisfaction of healthcare professionals working in Australia. Design/methodology/approach Using the job demands–resources model, this study investigates how employee resources and organisation resources influence engagement, well-being and job satisfaction of health professionals in Australian hospitals. The authors collected survey data from a sample of healthcare professionals (n=217) working in three hospitals in New South Wales, Australia. Findings The results confirm the importance of the emotional health of employees on their well-being. The results concur with existing research that employees with higher levels of emotional health have more positive emotional and social interactions, and thus exhibit higher levels of well-being at work. The study also uncovers certain aspects of emotional health that can influence a range of employee outcomes. Practical implications The findings link human resource management practices to unique motivators of healthcare professionals which, in turn, are likely to improve engagement, well-being and job satisfaction. Originality/value The study highlights specific resources that support greater levels of well-being, engagement and job satisfaction in Australian hospitals.
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Pembleton, K. G., R. P. Rawnsley, J. L. Jacobs, F. J. Mickan, G. N. O'Brien, B. R. Cullen et T. Ramilan. « Evaluating the accuracy of the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) simulating growth, development, and herbage nutritive characteristics of forage crops grown in the south-eastern dairy regions of Australia ». Crop and Pasture Science 64, no 2 (2013) : 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp12372.
Résumé :
Pasture-based dairy farms are a complex system involving interactions between soils, pastures, forage crops, and livestock as well as the economic and social aspects of the business. Consequently, biophysical and farm systems models are becoming important tools to study pasture-based dairy systems. However, there is currently a paucity of modelling tools available for the simulation of one key component of the system—forage crops. This study evaluated the accuracy of the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) in simulating dry matter (DM) yield, phenology, and herbage nutritive characteristics of forage crops grown in the dairy regions of south-eastern Australia. Simulation results were compared with data for forage wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), oats (Avena sativa L.), forage rape (Brassica napus L.), forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), and maize (Zea mays L.) collated from previous field research and demonstration activities undertaken across the dairy regions of south-eastern Australia. This study showed that APSIM adequately predicted the DM yield of forage crops, as evidenced by the range of values for the coefficient of determination (0.58–0.95), correlation coefficient (0.76–0.94), and bias correction factor (0.97–1.00). Crop phenology for maize, forage wheat, and oats was predicted with similar accuracy to forage crop DM yield, whereas the phenology of forage rape and forage sorghum was poorly predicted (R2 values 0.38 and 0.80, correlation coefficient 0.62 and –0.90, and bias correction factors 0.67 and 0.28, respectively). Herbage nutritive characteristics for all crop species were poorly predicted. While the selection of a model to explore an aspect of agricultural production will depend on the specific problem being addressed, the performance of APSIM in simulating forage crop DM yield and, in many cases, crop phenology, coupled with its ease of use, open access, and science-based mechanistic methods of simulating agricultural and crop processes, makes it an ideal model for exploring the influence of management and environment on forage crops grown on dairy farms in south-eastern Australia. Potential future model developments and improvements are discussed in the context of the results of this validation analysis.