Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Equality – Russia (Federation) »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Equality – Russia (Federation)"
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Andreеchev, I. S. « Legal Inequality of the Subjects of the Russian Federation and the Problems of Ensuring the Unity of the Legal Space ». Federalism 27, no 2 (6 juillet 2022) : 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2022-2-5-30.
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Simultaneously with the evolution of the modern Russian state, federal relations are also developing. Since 2000, one of the priorities of state development has been to ensure the unity of the Russian state. This task was realized through the formation of a unified legal system, ensuring the unity of the system of public authority, the unity of the status of the individual throughout the state, the sovereignty and state integrity of the Russian Federation, the supremacy of the Constitution of Russia and federal laws throughout its territory, the unity of the economic space. The concept of «unity of legal space» has steadily entered the constitutional and legal matter, the study of which is devoted to quite a few theoretical studies. No less than practical studies reflecting the results of the ongoing work to ensure the unity of the legal space in Russia. It is impossible to carry out such a policy without ensuring genuine legal equality of the regions that make up the Russian Federation. The diverse and numerous composition of the subjects of the Russian Federation, the diversity of their interests, factors of law-making and law enforcement practice have given rise to a multidimensional phenomenon consisting in the presence of different rights (opportunities) of the subjects of the Russian Federation implemented in the field of law-making (in the presence of uniformly established their subjects of competence and powers), to which the federal center reacts differently. The existence of such a practice indicates a violation of the principle of equality of the subjects of the Russian Federation among themselves (Part 1 of art. 5 of the Constitution of Russia) and in relations with federal state authorities (Part 5 of Article 5 of the Constitution of Russia). Such a view (approach) in research on the legal equality of the subjects of the Russian Federation and ensuring the unity of the legal space is innovative. The article reveals the depth of differences, the reasons and motives for the occurrence of such examples, and also suggests a mechanism for their settlement, using numerous practical examples, including based on the author’s experience.
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Artemova, Svetlana T., Nikolay A. Zhiltsov et Oleg I. Cherdakov. « The Digital Divide and Constitutional Guarantees of the Digital Equality ». Constitutional and municipal law 10 (22 octobre 2020) : 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3767-2020-10-41-45.
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The article presents the author’s position on digital inequality, which was called the “digital divide”, and ways to overcome it in Russia. The authors, based on the provision of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, prove that in our country there is a systematic work to overcome digital inequality, for which legal and other tools are used.
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Velyaminov, Georgy M. « Russia – one and indivisible ». Gosudarstvo i pravo, no 1 (2022) : 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s102694520018291-1.
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The formal federal status of the Russian Federation is destructive for its state stability, and does not correspond to its traditions of the unity of the country. Territorial-national autonomous divisions, especially in the federation, - are a sure incentive for separatism. For the stability and unity of the State, it is important to ensure the equality of all the constituent parts of the State and all its citizens in relation to their national - civilizational care regardless of their place of residence in the state. And in places of compact residence of “national minorities” as well logical is providing the education in their native languages. Republican-autonomous discord promises only discord and in such care.
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Drozdov, A. A. « Development of the ideas of academician O. E. Kutafin on the economic foundations of the state in modern conditions ». Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), no 6 (8 septembre 2022) : 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2022.94.6.131-137.
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The article explores the ideas of Academician O. Е. Kutafin about the social market economy of Russia, the role of the state in economic relations and the responsibility of the state for the economic well-being of citizens, as well as equality. The author concludes that these ideas were further developed and filled, in particular, in the positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the new norm of the Constitution of Russia and are relevant to this day. According to the author, in order to achieve the goals of sustainable economic growth guaranteed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation it is important to restore confidence between the state and business and maintain it in the future, develop clear and stable regulation of the economy based on the principle of equality and taking into account the specifics of the content of economic and business processes, as well as create favorable social conditions for the development of citizens, including through the financial provision of their basic needs.
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Bratko, Tatiana Dmitrievna. « Taxation of potential income from rentals : reality and illusion of equal tax burden ». Налоги и налогообложение, no 4 (avril 2020) : 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-065x.2020.4.33165.
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Different forms of income taxation often become the subject of criticism among taxpayers in the Russian Federation and abroad. From this perspective, the tax for potential income from rental set by Taxation Code of the Russian Federation, paid within the framework of patents system of taxation, is not an exception: in 2019, a Russian taxpayer Sergey Aleksandrovich Glukhov disputed its constitutionality with reference to incompliance to the principles of equality and economic feasibility of taxation. This article provides a comparative-legal analysis of provisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Court of the Unites States dedicated to constitutional principles of taxation: fairness, equality, economic feasibility, adequacy, etc. The author offers an original systemic interpretation of the Russian principle of economic feasibility of taxation and other legal principles, considering their interpretation by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and practice of implementation of the constitutional principles of taxation in the United States. Based in this interpretation, the article gives an alternative assessment to taxation of potential income from rentals, paid within the framework of patent system of taxation in Russia. The conclusion is formulated that due to the principle of separation of powers, the questions of fair and economically feasible allocation of tax burden comprise an exclusive prerogative of legislators.
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Kozhukhova, K. E. « Russian-Chinese Cooperation in Ensuring Strategic Stability ». EURASIAN INTEGRATION : economics, law, politics 14, no 1 (15 avril 2021) : 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2073-2929-2021-01-81-87.
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Growing complexity of the modern world order calls for the search for strategic stability in order to prevent a new global military clash. In view of recent political events, Russia and China have strengthened their cooperation, creating a strategic stability dyad in contrast to the United States and other Western countries. However, the strategic stability of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China is not fully beneficial for Russia due to the peculiarity of the Chinese strategic culture, which is cinocentric. The absence of Russian strategic culture eliminates the equality of the two countries and pushes Russia to submit and mimic China. The author offers her vision of balancing the two forces. The first is the legal basis, which is to update the bilateral agreement between Russia and China with an effort to strengthen the positions and advantages of the Russian side. The second is the development of Russian strategic thinking and, as a result, the emergence of national strategic culture that will contribute to the formation of an adequate foreign policy course of the Russian Federation in the new world stability.
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Navaliev, Navali. « Moral foundations of privileges and immunities in criminal proceedings in Russia ». Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2022, no 3 (3 octobre 2022) : 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2022-3-93-97.
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The article considers the principle of equality of all before the law and the court. The article analyzes the exceptions allowed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation from the principle of equality in the form of criminal procedural immunities. The immunities established by law are examined from the position of compliance with the moral foundations of the criminal process. Despite the fact that the measure of morality in the question of compliance with criminal procedural immunities granted to certain categories of persons is the interrelated principles of justice and equality. The concept of formal equality is studied from the position of the libertarian-legal theory of law, which allows us to conclude that inequality can be either fair or not. As a fair inequality, legal advantages are highlighted in the form of benefits provided by a person to increase the level of legal capacity sufficient for the realization of general legal personality. Unfair exceptions to the principle of equality are privileges granted to individuals or categories of persons. Criminal procedural immunity is examined from the point of view of ensuring equality of rights of the parties in criminal proceedings and is considered as a legal advantage over the prosecutor, due to the need to ensure the impartial activities of the subject possessing it. Based on the analysis of the essence of criminal procedural immunity, it is concluded that immunity is not a privilege, therefore, the legal advantages provided to them correspond to the moral foundations of the criminal process.
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Zhdanov, Andrew I., et Rashid T. Mukhaev. « EVOLUTION OF THE SYSTEM OF POLITICAL VALUES IN MODERN RUSSIA ». Social and Political Researches 9, no 4 (2020) : 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2020-4-9-38-51.
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This article is devoted to the study of the evolution of the system of political values in modern Russia. Within the framework of the study, the results of sociological studies of the political orientations of citizens of the Russian Federation, conducted by the leading world and russian sociological agencies over the past 30 years, are considered. Various aspects of the dynamics of value orientations of the inhabitants of Russia and the peculiarities of the perception by the citizens of Russia of various components of political culture are shown. The author, using sociological methods, analyzes the political culture of the Russian Federation through the prism of the attitude of its inhabitants to various elements of the system of political values: democracy, political participation as such, equality, freedom, propensity to participate in protest actions, etc. The author also examines how much the position of such values as statism, nationalism, right, left and centrist ideological orientations has changed in the political consciousness of russian citizens. The research design is built around a cross-temporal analysis of the dynamics of political values. The main research problem is the dissemination of qualitatively new practices of political behavior for Russia, starting from 2017-2018. The central topic of the study is to identify the connection between the change in the vector of political behavior of citizens of the Russian Federation, which is why many researchers postulate the thesis of the emergence of a qualitatively “new” political reality, and more structural processes of the evolution of political values in modern Russia. Based on the data of opinion polls World Values Survey, European Values Study, the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion, the Federal Agency for Youth Affairs (Rosmolodezh), the author examines the main trends in changes in the political values of russian citizens and determines the trajectories of their further development.
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Starikov, Sergey S. « Constitutional principles of the creation of federal territories in Russia ». Izvestiya of Saratov University. Economics. Management. Law 21, no 4 (16 décembre 2021) : 468–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1994-2540-2021-21-4-468-476.
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Introduction. During the constitutional reform of 2020, part 1 of Article 67 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation was supplemented with a provision on the possibility of creating federal territories. In this regard, questions need to be resolved about how the constitutional novel should relate to the principles of federalism established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, and what the principles for the creation of federal territories in Russia are. Theoretical analysis. The creation of federal territories in the Russian Federation should take place subject to strict compliance with the principle of state integrity, the principle of equality and self-determination of the peoples of Russia; the principle of unity of the public power system; the principle of priority of individual rights and freedoms, their recognition, observance and protection by the state; the principle of compliance with the goals of the formation of federal territories with the strategic interests of the Russian Federation. Empirical analysis. It is revealed that the current version of Part 1 of Article 67 of the Constitution, firstly, establishes the possibility of creating federal territories as a new type of public legal territory, secondly, provides for a special organization of public power in these territories, different from the generally accepted organization operating on the territory of the subjects of the Russian Federation, and, thirdly, defines the constitutional and legal mechanism for their creation: the adoption of a federal law. This norm does not specify the types of federal territories and the possible goals of their creation. These issues are fully attributed to the discretionary powers of the Russian Parliament. Results. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature devoted to the problems of federal territories in Russia and abroad, and the legislation of the Russian Federation, the definition can be formulated: federal territory is a public legal entity that has a special constitutional and legal status determined by national strategic significance, created in accordance with a regulatory act providing for direct or indirect management of it by the federal government, defining the specifics of the exercise of public power in accordance with the goals of creation, additional guarantees and restrictions on the rights and freedoms of citizens.
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Katanandov, S. L., N. M. Mezhevich et V. V. Solodilov. « "Rural Agglomerations” and "Rural Associations of Settlements” — Possible Directions for the Development of Local Self-Government in the North-West of Russia ». Administrative Consulting, no 9 (11 novembre 2021) : 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2021-9-9-17.
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The problem of improving the effectiveness of local self-government in the Russian Federation is particularly complex. Geographical and historical prerequisites work against economic efficiency and proportional political representation. The concepts of rural agglomerations and rural associations of human settlements can be considered as search directions in the search for a solution to the problem of “efficiency or equality”. The North-West of Russia can be considered as an effective training ground for the development of new management approaches.
Thèses sur le sujet "Equality – Russia (Federation)"
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CHAKHAIA, Lela. « Εducational inequalities in transition : the cases of Russia and Georgia ». Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/56104.
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Defence date: 21 June 2018Examining Board: Prof. Gabrielle Ballarino, University of Milan ; Prof. Fabrizio Bernardi, European University Institute, Supervisor ; Prof. Klarita Gërxhani, European University Institute ; Prof. Irena Kogan, University of Mannheim
Whether formal education can equalize life chances of people with different backgrounds, or further exacerbate inequalities that inevitably exist in any society, depends largely on how equally the chances to attain education are distributed among different socio-economic groups. Large-scale political, socio-economic, institutional and structural transformations that newly independent republics underwent in the immediate aftermath of the breakup of the Soviet Union 25 years ago was bound to substantially change the distribution of those chances. Bridging the post-communist area studies with the social science scholarship on educational inequalities, with this thesis I study how inequalities in educational attainment changed in post-Soviet Russia and Georgia and what were broader implications of any such change. Using Gender and Generations Survey data from Russia and Georgia I have examined how chances of attaining various levels of education changed for people born to parents with different social status. I have used a merged dataset of repeated cross-sectional national survey from Russia to examine if returns to educational attainment changed during 1990s and 2000s. I find that while educational inequality has increased in both countries, particularly in attaining secondary education, returns to educational attainment, understandably small in the Soviet Union, did not increase much. This leads me to conclude that increasing educational inequalities did not contribute to the well-documented surge of income inequality. Finally, I used quasi-experimental approach to estimate the effect of the introduction of standardized university admissions examinations on the chances of access to highly selective universities. I find moderate support for the hypothesis that the standardized exams have equalized chances of students from various backgrounds to be admitted to selective universities.
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KOSYAKOVA, Yuliya. « The regime change and social inequality : educational and job careers in the Soviet and post-Soviet Era ». Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/41584.
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Defence date: 16 April 2016Examining Board: Professor Dr. rer. Pol. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Blossfeld, European University Institute; Professor Dr. Dmitry Kurakin, Higher School of Economics; Professor Dr. David Bills, University of Iowa, Professor Dr. Klarita Gërxhani, European University Institute.
The collapse of the Soviet Union and subsequent rapid shifts in economic, political, and social institutional arrangements – labeled here as a regime change – offer a unique opportunity to explore how patterns of social inequality vary across broader institutional contexts and over time. How the stratification order between different social groups has changed in the aftermath of the regime change in Russia is a central question I raise in this thesis. In contrast to prior research, I draw on a life-course perspective and address several rather untouched aspects of social inequalities in Soviet and post-Soviet societies and investigate them in terms of school-to-work and work-to-school transitions in the earlier and later life courses. Empirically, I employ powerful longitudinal data from the Education and Employment Survey for Russia (EES) linked to the Russian Gender and Generation Survey (GGS), which cover life trajectories in a time-frame between 1965 and 2005. Compared with previous studies, that data enable me to utilize a much larger observation window to scrutinize long-term consequence of the regime change in Russia. First, I tackle social inequality in terms of horizontal gender differences and vertical gender inequalities upon labor market entry. My findings reveal that despite proclaimed equality principles, the school-to-work transition was by no means gender-neutral in Soviet Russia, with women facing a net vertical disadvantage in job authority. This inequality has increased even more since the collapse of the Soviet Union, particularly due to worsening chances for female entrants. Second, I explore inequality of adult-educational opportunity due to initial educational level and occupational position. My results suggest that selective participation in adult education might lessen or exacerbate inequality of adult-educational opportunity depending on type of adult education and analyzed group of participants. Nonetheless, the collapse of the Soviet Union has contributed to inequality of adult-educational opportunity, thereby strengthening the exacerbation effects of adult education on social inequalities. Third, I investigate whether participation in adult education may improve career opportunities, thereby mitigating social inequalities that emerged in the earlier life course. My findings show that adult education either benefits all participants or those who are already advantaged. Overall, the results point to a mechanism of persistence or reinforcement of social inequalities. Furthermore, returns to adult education have decreased or been not offset since the collapse of the Soviet Union. Finally, throughout my thesis I put a particular focus on gender. Altogether, my findings unravel noteworthy gender inequalities arising in the initial career stages. These initial (dis-)advantages cumulate over men's and women's life courses, thereby contributing to overall social inequality in Russia, and specifically during the post- Soviet period. I conclude that the regime change was accompanied by a widening of preexisting social distances and an effective amplification of the Russian society's stratification order.
Livres sur le sujet "Equality – Russia (Federation)"
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Equality and revolution : Women's rights in the Russian Empire, 1905-1917. Pittsburgh, Pa : University of Pittsburgh Press, 2010.
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Parlamentskie slushanii︠a︡ na temu "O merakh po realizat︠s︡ii print︠s︡ipa ravnykh prav i ravnykh vozmozhnosteĭ dli︠a︡ muzhchin i zhenshchin, zakreplennogo v chasti 3 statʹi 19 Konstitut︠s︡ii Rossiĭskoĭ Federat︠s︡ii" (2000 Moscow, Russia). O merakh po realizat︠s︡ii print︠s︡ipa ravnykh prav i ravnykh vozmozhnosteĭ dli︠a︡ muzhchin i zhenshchin, zakreplennogo v chasti 3 statʹi 19 Konstitut︠s︡ii Rossiĭskoĭ Federat︠s︡ii : Materialy parlamentskikh slushaniĭ 22 mai︠a︡ 2000 goda. Moskva : Izd-vo Gosudarstvennoĭ Dumy, 2001.
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O'Doherty, Mark. Healing Russia - Improving Social Equality, Gender Mainstreaming and Global Solidarity in the Russian Federation. Lulu Press, Inc., 2017.
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Ruthchild, Rochelle Goldberg. Equality and Revolution : Women's Rights in the Russian Empire, 1905-1917. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2010.
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Wegren, Stephen K. Rural Inequality in Divided Russia. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.
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Zvinkliene, Alina, Eva Blomberg, Ylva Waldemarson et Yulia Gradskova. Gender Equality on a Grand Tour : Politics and Institutions - the Nordic Council, Sweden, Lithuania and Russia. BRILL, 2017.
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Rural Inequality in Divided Russia. Routledge, 2013.
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Wegren, Stephen K. Rural Inequality in Divided Russia. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
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Wegren, Stephen K. Rural Inequality in Divided Russia. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
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Wegren, Stephen K. Rural Inequality in Divided Russia. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Equality – Russia (Federation)"
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« Russian Federation ». Dans Legislating for Equality, 383–92. Brill | Nijhoff, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004227590_041.
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Karnaukhova, Oxana. « EU and EAEU Security Strategies Toward Central Asia ». Dans Regional Economic Integration and Global Competition in the Post-COVID-19 Era, 100–124. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9254-0.ch004.
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The 2020 Munich Security Conference (MSC) highlighted the external and internal security of the European integration project. The recent draft treaty between the Russian Federation and the United States on security guarantees and the proposed agreement on measures to ensure the security of the Russian Federation and the member states of NATO heralded a new stage of confrontation on the subject. The chapter draws on Central Asia as a focal region for the EU and EAEU security strategies in 2001-2020. It argues that the security policies of both unities are not efficient since they use the same postcolonial narrative and similar security imperatives for promoting specific values in Eurasia, exploit the ‘civilizing – unifying' element of the great power for improving security and welfare perception. and thus impose themselves to help the dependent region. This half-step approach appears equally unsatisfactory for all parties involved and needs to be reviewed from subordinate to cooperative partnership.
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Kryńska, Elwira J. « Deportacje i zniewolenie polskich dzieci wywiezionych w głąb Związku Sowieckiego w latach 1939–1941 ». Dans Dziecko w historii - między godnością a zniewoleniem. Tom 2. Godność jako źródło naszego człowieczeństwa, 67–93. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/dhmgz.02.2022.05.
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The aim of the article was to describe the fate of Polish children under the Soviet totalitarianism in 1939–1941. It gave rise to expansive militarization, leading to horrific crimes, deportation and enslavement. The death machine of Stalin’s power did not spare the children. The ruling regime was equally ruthless and criminal towards children. Not only were the basic laws of war not respected, but also the most basic human rights. The Soviet occupier deprived Polish children of the right to education, the right to normal physical development, the right to organize any form of social life, the right to their own nationality, and the right to life. In the 21st century, children in Europe are again victims of the aggressive actions of the Russian Federation, the former Soviet Union. It seemed that the cruelty and barbarity of World War II prompted reflection and the natural process of thinking about counteracting physical and psychological violence. Meanwhile, it turns out that the criminal and barbaric actions of the aggressors – the Soviets and Germans of the last century – have been forgotten by the whole world, which is being used by Russia, which has made the reconstruction of its former empire its main goal. The implementation of these plans is terrifying, especially since the Kremlin leader is threatening the world with the use of chemical and nuclear weapons after the illegal invasion of Ukraine.
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Danilov, Gleb, Michael Shifrin, Yulia Strunina, Timur Ishankulov, Timur Zagidullin, Elizaveta Makashova, Igor Pronin, Nikolay Konovalov et Alexander Potapov. « Best Research Practice Implementation : The Experience of the N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery ». Dans Applying the FAIR Principles to Accelerate Health Research in Europe in the Post COVID-19 Era. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210808.
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Implementing the best research principles initiates an important shift in clinical research culture, improving efficiency and the level of evidence obtained. In this article, we share our own view on the best research practice and our experience introducing it into the scientific activities of the N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery (Moscow, Russian Federation). While being adherent to the principles described in the article, the percentage of publications in the international scientific journals in our Center has increased from 7% to 27%, with an overall gain in the number of articles by 2 times since 2014. We believe it is important that medical informatics professionals equally to medical experts involved in clinical research are familiar with the best research principles.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Equality – Russia (Federation)"
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Tonkonog, Victoriya, et Tatyana Timchenko. « THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISTANCE LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ». Dans eLSE 2016. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-16-271.
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Last years the system of electronic education is more and more popular in Russia. It'sassociated with development of information-telecommunication technology, using of electronic sources economical effectiveness, possibility of sharing information for large auditory, with unlimited distances between source and recipients (students). The distance education system in the Russian Federation has its own characteristics and is based on the fundamental principles. The characteristics may include, such as: flexibility, modularity, coverage, efficiency, adaptability and social equality. The principles on which is based distance learning on naked view are: the principle of adaptability, interactivity principle, the principle of flexibility, modularity principle and the principle of efficiency and objectivity of assessment of educational achievements of students. On the territory of the Russian Federation and outside it quite an efficient system for remote business education (SDB). SDB is a joint project of the National business partnership "Alliance Media", International Institute of management LINK, created in 2000 with the support of the Moscow Government. Currently in sdbo more than 130,000 registered users of 3580 cities, and their number is increasing daily. According to data of Federal service of state statistics of the Russian Federation for the period from 2001 to 2014, it is safe to say that the demand for distance education in Russia over the years only grows. Currently, the Russian system of distance education offers students a wide range of educational programs of different thematic content, timing, training, forms, and learning technologies. In the educational community realized that distance learning good prospects associated with the implementation of learning through life. Therefore, the distribution of training using distance learning technologies will also provide entrance into the international information and communication space.
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Stepanenko, Ravia, Farida Khamidullina, Lidia Sabirova, Alena Soldatova et Ilshat Ashrafzyanov. « Principles of equality and justice as absolute values of Russian constitutionalism ». Dans East – West : Practical Approaches to Countering Terrorism and Preventing Violent Extremism. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcshss.vpef9043.
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The article considers common legal principals of equality and justice whose significance is increasing in the conditions of uncertainty and instability of the modern public order. Negativism of differentiation processes and increased social inequality studied by the legal science draws the attention of researchers to the cognition of constitutionalism ideas that can be used (as the authors believe) to overcome unfavorable situations related with adherence to and protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens defined by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The principles of equality and justice having absolute value in the system of value and mentality institutes must serve a basis for the methodology of rule-making and enforcement activity. The authors also highlight the need to observe succession in the doctrine and practice of constitutionalism, namely the need for support in achieving pre-revolutionary and soviet legal science. In this light, the liberal approach to the principles of equality and justice cannot take the monopoly position and must be supplemented by other ideas developed in the science. Taking into account methodological positions, the specific features of implementing the principles of equality and justice must be the subject of doctrinal researches of the theory of state and law and constitutional law in the methodological synthesis of interdisciplinary relations.
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Zotova, Olga, Nataliya Belousova et Olga Solodukhina. « Features of the Relationship Between Inter-Ethnic Relations and Personal Security in the Regions of the Russian Federation ». Dans The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-35.
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The complexity of inter-ethnic relations is caused by various factors, e.g. globalisation processes, the intensification of migration flows, peculiarities of social interactions, and the presence of conflicts in a multi-ethnic environment. In this regard, the aim of our study was to examine the relationship between inter-ethnic attitudes and personal security among respondents of different ethnic backgrounds in different regions of the Russian Federation. Respondents were asked to fill out a questionnaire based on the questionnaire for a comprehensive study of acculturation developed by John Berry, aimed at studying such psychological constructs as the assessment of tolerance/intolerance of ethnic attitudes of the respondent, the assessment of migrant-phobia, the scale of assessment of integral security (physical, cultural, economic), the assessment of orientation towards multicultural ideology, the determination of acculturation expectations/strategies of respondents. The authors have found a statistically significant relationship between such variables as ethnic tolerance, attitudes towards social equality and levels of migrant-phobia; between such variables as economic, physical and cultural security and migrant-phobia. It was found that respondents in the Amur region are mostly oriented towards expectations such as integration and exclusion, while respondents in the Sverdlovsk region are more oriented towards integration and assimilation. The authors believe the study to be important and valuable since the resulting data indicate the presence of different features of inter-ethnic relations in different regions of the Russian Federation, determining the nature of inter- ethnic relations and the level of tension in the region.
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Рябова, Екатерина Владимировна. « ABUSE OF PARENTAL RIGHTS DURING SEPARATION OF PARENTS ». Dans Проблемы и перспективы развития инновационных технологий : сборник статей международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Январь 2023). Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/230118.2023.84.89.004.
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Принцип равенства прав и обязанностей родителей, установленный Семейным кодексом Российской Федерации, по мнению автора, нуждается в пересмотре, так как не соответствует объективным реалиям жизни, особенно в условиях раздельного проживания родителей. Требуют изменения роль и полномочия органов опеки и попечительства при участии в делах, связанных с воспитанием детей. Нерешенность вопросов, связанных с реализацией родительских прав при раздельном проживании родителей, не позволяет эффективно решать другие вопросы, например, о надлежащем исполнении родителями обязанностей по содержанию детей. The principle of equality of rights and obligations of parents, established by the Family Code of the Russian Federation, in the author's opinion, needs to be revised, since it does not correspond to the objective realities of life, especially in conditions of separation of parents. The role and powers of guardianship and guardianship authorities when participating in cases related to the upbringing of children require changes. The unresolved issues related to the exercise of parental rights during the separation of parents does not allow other issues to be effectively resolved, for example, about the proper performance of parental responsibilities for the maintenance of children.
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Kuznetsov, Vladimir V. « Design and Technology Development Status and Design Considerations for Innovative Small and Medium Sized Reactors ». Dans 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48084.
Texte intégralRésumé :
There is continuing interest in Member States in the development and application of small and medium sized reactors (SMRs), i.e., the reactors with an equivalent electric power of less that 700 MW. In 2006–2007, several distinct ‘families’ of innovative SMRs comprising more than 50 innovative concepts and designs have been analyzed or developed by national or international programmes involving Argentina, Brazil, China, Croatia, France, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Lithuania, Morocco, Russian Federation, South Africa, Turkey, USA, and Vietnam. Innovative SMRs are under development for all principal reactor lines. The target dates when they could be ready for deployment protrude from 2010 to 2030. The designers of innovative small and medium sized reactors pursue new design and deployment strategies making use of certain advantages provided by smaller reactor size and capacity to achieve reduced design complexity and simplified operation and maintenance requirements, and to provide for incremental capacity increase through multiple plant clustering or multi-module plant construction. Competitiveness of SMRs depends on the incorporated strategies to overcome loss of economies of scale but equally it depends on finding appropriate market niches for such reactors, which generically include markets with limited investment capability potentially benefiting from reaching the targeted nuclear power station capacity incrementally, small electrical grids, off-grid locations, and non-electrical applications of nuclear power.
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Funk, Greg, et Paul Longsworth. « Opportunity, Risk, and Success : Recognizing, Addressing, and Balancing Multiple Factors Crucial to the Success of a Project Management System Deployed to Support Multi-Lateral Decommissioning Programs ». Dans The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7342.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper addresses the factors involved in effectively implementing a world-class program/project management information system funded by multiple nations. Along with many other benefits, investing in and utilizing such systems improves delivery and drive accountability for major expenditures. However, there are an equally large number of impediments to developing and using such systems. To be successful, the process requires a dynamic combining of elements and strategic sequencing of initiatives. While program/project-management systems involve information technologies, software and hardware, they represent only one element of the overall system. Technology, process, people and knowledge must all be integrated and working in concert with one another to assure a fully capable system. Major system implementations occur infrequently, and frequently miss established targets in relatively small organizations (with the risk increasing with greater complexity). The European Bank of Reconstruction (EBRD) is midway through just such an implementation. The EBRD is using funds from numerous donor countries to sponsor development of an overarching program management system. The system will provide the Russian Federation with the tools to effectively manage prioritizing, planning, and physically decommissioning assets in northwest Russia to mitigate risks associated the Soviet era nuclear submarine program. Project-management delivery using world-class techniques supported by aligned systems has been proven to increase the probability of delivering on-time and on-budget, assuring those funding such programs optimum value for money. However, systems deployed to manage multi-laterally funded projects must be developed with appropriate levels of consideration given to unique aspects such as: accommodation of existing project management methods, consideration for differences is management structures and organizational behaviors, incorporation of unique strengths, and subtle adjustment to compensate weaknesses. This paper addresses the architecture and sequencing of implementation. A properly designed program/project-management system provides necessary tools for those planning the program as a whole, as well as those tasked with delivering individual projects. It also provides a communication framework to transfer information to parties on the funding side of the equation. Aligned program and project management methods are key to making the overall effort effective. Ultimately, progress and transparency are essential outcomes that help to sustain funding and mitigate major funding fluctuations that create havoc for any project. A solid program-management system must provide donor countries the ability to know what is to be accomplished, how much it should cost, and over what period of time, as well as provide adequate transparency into how much is being accomplished at any given point in time. Prioritization, funding, transparency, politics, and many other considerations come into play when dealing with challenges that take decades to overcome. These issues exist for most programs, but the situation becomes even more complex when dealing in a multi-lateral framework. Project management methods and systems relate directly to program level ones and underpin the higher level program system. Before continuing, it is important to summarize the distinctions between program and project management. Program management primarily incorporates efforts relating to the identifying what is to be done over a long time horizon involving multiple projects. Project management, in contrast, generally embodies the efforts of how identified scope shall be done. Many of the efforts performed in each are similar and the distinction between programs and large projects in particular are often blurred. In general, the environment that a program manager deals with involves more uncertainty than a project manager. The essential point, however, is that a program consisting of perfectly sequenced and executed projects can still fail to provide the desired benefit if the overall program strategy is flawed or fails to adequately communicate the vision to the many lower-tier managers involved on individual projects.