Livres : « Equality – Italy »

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The Jews in Mussolini's Italy : From equality to persecution. Madison, WI : University of Wisconsin Press, 2006.

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Sarfatti, Michele. The Jews in Mussolini's Italy : From equality to persecution. Madison, Wis : University of Wisconsin Press, 2006.

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Checchi, Daniele. Regional disparities and inequality of opportunity : The case of Italy. Bonn, Germany : IZA, 2005.

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Bortone, Roberta, et Rosa Quesada Segura. Gender equality in the European Union : Comparative study of Spain and Italy. Sous la direction de Perán Quesada Salvador. Cizur Menor (Navarra) : Thomson Reuters/Aranzad, 2012.

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5

Livraghi, Renata. Equality Development and Peace : The Women's Role in Italy : 1975-1985 : Ten Years of Profound Change. [Roma] : Presidency of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic, 1985.

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Nel segno della Costituzione : La nostra carta per il futuro. Milano : Feltrinelli, 2012.

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Lee, Mijun. Legislating for Gender Equality in Korea : The Role of Women and Political Parties in Shaping the Timing of Legislation. Tempe, Arizona : Arizona State University, 2019.

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1932-, Blanpain R., Numhauser-Henning Ann 1951- et Burri Susanne, dir. Women in academia and equality law : Aiming high--falling short ? : Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, The Netherlands, Sweden, United Kingdom. The Hague, The Netherlands : Kluwer Law International, 2006.

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Sgarbi, Marco. The Democratization of Knowledge in Renaissance Italy. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland : Amsterdam University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463721387.

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The book identifies to what extent it is possible to speak of a democratization of knowledge in Renaissance Italy. It establishes the boundaries of the present investigation within the Aristotelian tradition, and outlines democratization as a process capable of assigning power to people. It deals with how the democratization of knowledge historically is invested equally in ideas from religion and philosophy, involving the same democratizers, moved by similar intentions, employing identical techniques of vulgarization and targeting equivalent communities of recipients.

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Ramella, Francesco, et Carlo Trigilia, dir. Reti sociali e innovazione. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-129-8.

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The lagging behind of the Italian economy in the sphere of technologically advanced manufacture represents a significant factor in the debate on the risks of the country's decline. Nevertheless we know relatively little about the diffusion in Italy of companies specialising in information technology. The research presented in this book – the outcome of a national project – reveals how this sector is dominated by small businesses, concentrated in a number of urban areas (the cases studied are Pisa, Florence, Turin, Osimo and Castelfidardo). It emerges that the social networks linking the businessmen with University researchers are crucial to an understanding of the processes of innovation. But what is equally important is the capacity of the collective entities, both public and private, to provide the entire country with the services that are indispensable for the development of enterprise.

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The Jews In Mussolinis Italy From Equality To Persecution. University of Wisconsin Press, 2006.

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Morlino, Leonardo. Equality, Freedom, and Democracy. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813873.001.0001.

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A democratic regime is assumed to implement freedom and equality as the two critical and most important values. The question we intend to address here is: how and why has the actual implementation of freedom and equality been changing in the 1990–2020 period? Researching this topic, we cannot ignore the impact of the Great Recession since 2008. Thus, in this comparative research, we analyse France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, and the United Kingdom to detect the changes. As expected, the six largest European democracies have been differently affected by the crisis, as they also had different background factors. We address an additional question: what is the impact of the European Union on the two democratic values? Accordingly, we analyse economic inequality, social inequality, and ethnic inequality with the related changing trends and explanations. We also detect and analyse the trend of freedoms, and especially personal dignity, civil rights, and political rights. Thus, the relative decline of equalities and freedoms in the six countries emerge in the different complex facets. We also explore the demand for equalities and freedoms by citizens and the political commitments of party leaders. The other issues we address include how and why, respectively, equalities and freedoms are affected by domestic aspects and the role of external factors, especially the European Union. By connecting equalities and freedoms and drawing the lines of entire research, we show how there are three different paths in the future of democracy: balanced democracy, protest democracy, and unaccountable democracy.

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Rédai, Dorottya, et Maria Tsouroufli. Gender Equality and Stereotyping in Secondary Schools : Case Studies from England, Hungary and Italy. Springer International Publishing AG, 2021.

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Rédai, Dorottya, et Maria Tsouroufli. Gender Equality and Stereotyping in Secondary Schools : Case Studies from England, Hungary and Italy. Springer International Publishing AG, 2022.

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Sociological, International Centre Of. Exclusion, Equality Before the Law and Non-Discrimination, (Proceedings, Taormina-Mare, Italy, 29 September-1 October, 1994). Manhattan Pub. Co., 1995.

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Lion's Share : Inequality and the Rise of the Fiscal State in Preindustrial Europe. Cambridge University Press, 2019.

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Women in academia and equality law : Aiming high - falling short ? : Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, The Netherlands, Sweden, United Kingdom. The Hague : Kluwer Law International, 2004.

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Cohn, Jr., Samuel K. Popular Protest and Ideals of Democracy in Late Renaissance Italy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849472.001.0001.

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This is the first book to analysis popular protest across the Italian peninsula and the Venetian colonies during the early modern period, 1494 to 1559. From over one hundred contemporary chronicles and diaries, the fifty-eight volumes of Marin Sanudo’s diplomatic dispatches, mercantile letters, and commentary, and 586 collective supplications scattered through archival sources from towns and villages in the Grand duchy of Milan, it has placed these incidents and their patterns in comparative perspectives, first with the late medieval heyday of popular revolt and then with regions north of the Alps. It finds new developments during the early modern period such as an increase in women rebels, mutinies of soldiers, and new tactics of revolts as with shop closures, peaceful demonstrations of strength, and use of religious processions for discussions of tactics and strategies for obtaining logistic advantage. At the same time, these protests show convergences with the medieval Italian past as with leaders coming almost exclusively from the ranks of nonelites, religious ideology playing a surprisingly minor role, and the majority of revolts centring overwhelming in towns and cities. Finally, this book demonstrates that democracies do not just die under duress of military occupation and growing powers of autocratic regimes. Ideals of representation and equality not only persisted; they could emerge in new forms and with greater sophistication.

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(Editor), Roger Blanpain, et Ann Numhauser-Henning (Editor), dir. Women in Academia and Equality Law : Aiming High, Falling Short ? Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, United Kingdom (Bulletin of Comparative Labour Relations). Aspen Publishers, 2006.

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Esteban Salvador, María Luisa, Gonca Güngör Göksu, Emilia Fernandes, Tiziana Di Cimbrini et Rachael Jones. Analysis of gender equality policies on the boards of directors of national sports federations : an exploratory analysis : survey report. Servicio de Publicaciones Universidad de Zaragoza, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/uz.978-84-18321-57-3.

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This study analyses the gender equality policies on the national sports federation (NSFs) boards in five European countries: Italy, Portugal, Spain,Turkey and the United Kingdom. It aims to identify the nature of gender relations inside the NSFs and the gender policies adopted by the governing sports boards related to gender diversity. Therefore, an online questionnaire, including 41 questions some of which were inspired by the four gender di-mensions according to the model of Connell (2002) -production relations, power relations, emotional relations, and symbolic dimensions -were applied to the members of all sports boards in the NSFs between May 2021 and Mars 2022. The questionnaire comprised a set of questions about gender policies adopted by the NSF and a final question about the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on gender discrimination. The descriptive analysis of data showed an increased awareness of gender issues among the directors of the NSFs. Most of them recognized the relevance of gender and diversity policies and the need to implement in their organizations. Namely in what concerns to bring women to the sports boards. However, most of them also considered that women directors continue to be less influential than their male colleagues in all management sectors of the board, which continue to be perceived as segregated by gender.

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Tullio, Matteo Di, et Guido Alfani. Lion's Share : Inequality and the Rise of the Fiscal State in Preindustrial Europe. Cambridge University Press, 2019.

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Esteban Salvador, María Luisa, Emilia Fernandes, Tiziana Di Cimbrini, Gonca Güngör Göksu et Rachael Jones. Women and National Sport Governance : a European Approach interviews guide. Servicio de Publicaciones Universidad de Zaragoza, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/uz.978-84-18321-46-7.

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This interview guide presents a set of 52 interviews conducted among women directors of the boards of directors of National Sport Federations (NSFs) of five European countries: Italy, Portugal, Spain, Turkey and United Kingdom. These interviews were recorded in video and carried out between March 2019 and June 2022. The interviews guide is an output of the Erasmus+ project entitled "corporate governance in sports organizations: a gendered approach (GESPORT project)", funded by the European Commission. The aim of this project's output is to increase visibility and voice of women president, vice-president and other female members of the boards of NSFs in the order to gain the most comprehensive sensibility towards the necessity of gender equality in decision-making in sports organizations and to improve corporate governance practices in this area. Therefore, with this book, the GESPORT project aims to share the different experience feelings and thinking of these women about their roles on the boards, gender discrimination and equality and policies and measures to promote gender inclusion.

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Bassi, Shaul. The Tragedies in Italy. Sous la direction de Michael Neill et David Schalkwyk. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198724193.013.42.

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This chapter describes the cultural translation of Shakespearean tragedy in Italy as a long and difficult process that took place alongside the equally protracted establishment of the country as a unified state in the nineteenth century. Shakespeare came to Italy initially mediated by translations and critical interpretations made in France and Germany; and to begin with literary debates about his work took precedence over theatrical performances. Reworking Shakespeare for Italian culture meant retranslating Italian plots and materials, as a number of the plays have Italian settings. It also meant dealing with tragedy as a genre (tragedy) that, since Dante’s DivineComedy, had been at best secondary. As well as reviewing the plays’ own performance history, various kinds of adaptation (including opera, music and painting) and the leading role played by actors in promulgating Shakespeare (such as Tommaso Salvini, Eleonora Duse, and Carmelo Bene) are analysed.

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Harivel, Maud, Florian Schmitz et Simona Slanicka, dir. Wahlkorruption in der Frühen Neuzeit. Electoral Corruption in the Early Modern Period. Corruption électorale au début de l'époque moderne. Klostermann, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783465143659.

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Elections are still often equated with modern democracy, which they are supposed to constitute by way of realizing bourgeois equality. By contrast, elections in pre-modern times are regarded as a mere ritual celebrated exclusively by a privileged male minority in order to cement a patronally prescribed corporate hierarchy. This volume shows that elections in different forms of society serve as a political tool par excellence for establishing the legitimacy of distributive justice in accessing offices and resources and for collective agreement concerning suitable candidates for them. One focus of the volume is on the early modern urban societies of Italy, whose oligarchic tendencies are paradoxically expressed in their intense preoccupation with electoral procedures which were therefore regarded as exemplary in their time.

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Roselaar, Saskia T. Italy's Economic Revolution. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829447.001.0001.

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This book explores the connection between economic activities and integration—how did economic activities contribute to the unification of Italy in the Republican period in the civic, legal, social, and cultural senses? On the one hand, this book will investigate whether Italy became more integrated in an economic sense after the Roman conquest, and will trace the widely varying local reactions to the globalization of the Italian economy. On the other hand, it will investigate whether and how economic activities carried out by Italians contributed to the integration of the Italian peoples into the Roman framework. Throughout the Republican period, Italians had been able to profit from the expansion of the Roman dominion in the Mediterranean; through overseas trade and commercial agriculture they had gained significant wealth, which they invested in the Italian landscape. They were often ahead of Romans when it came to engagement with Hellenistic culture. However, their economic prosperity and cultural sophistication did not lead to civic equality with Roman citizens, nor to equal opportunities to exploit the territories that the Italians had conquered under Rome’s lead. Eventually, the Italians rebelled against Rome in the Social War (91–88 BC), after which they were granted Roman citizenship. This stimulated further interaction and integration between Romans and Italians in the economic, political, social, and cultural senses. This book will investigate how, if at all, economic interaction was related to civic integration, as well as cultural change, and will highlight the importance of the Roman citizenship as an instrument of integration.

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Carroll, Maureen. Infants and Children in Pre-Roman Mediterranean Societies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199687633.003.0002.

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Variation in the attitudes towards children is to be expected in the many different cultures of pre-Roman Italy itself, and between Italy and other regions prior to Roman expansion. While it is impossible to cover all areas in the Mediterranean and beyond from the eighth to the second or first centuries BC in detail here, and the evidence is not equally abundant in all countries, Chapter 2 attempts to capture some regional and cultural trends in the life and death of infants and very young children. The presence and visibility (or invisibility) of young children in societies in and around the Mediterranean is scrutinized primarily through burial data and also available material cultural evidence. This survey sets the scene for the subsequent study of data of the Roman period in these regions.

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Vaccari, Cristian, et Augusto Valeriani. Outside the Bubble. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190858476.001.0001.

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The ways in which citizens experience politics on social media have overall positive implications for political participation and equality in Western democracies. This book investigates the relationship between political experiences on social media and institutional political participation based on custom-built post-election surveys on samples representative of Internet users in Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States between 2015 and 2018. On the whole, social media do not constitute echo chambers, as most users see a mixture of political content they agree and disagree with. Social media also facilitate accidental encounters with news and exposure to electoral mobilization among substantial numbers of users. Furthermore, political experiences on social media have relevant implications for participation. Seeing political messages that reinforce one’s viewpoints, accidentally encountering political news, and being targeted by electoral mobilization on social media are all positively associated with participation. Importantly, these political experiences enhance participation, especially among citizens who are less politically involved. Conversely, the participatory benefits of social media do not vary based on users’ ideological preferences and on whether they voted for populist parties. Finally, political institutions matter, as some political experiences on social media are more strongly associated with participation in majoritarian systems and in party-centric systems. While social media may be part of many societal problems, they can contribute to the solution to at least two important democratic ills—citizens’ disconnection from politics and inequalities between those who choose to exercise their voice and those who remain silent.

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Sobel, David, Peter Vallentyne et Steven Wall, dir. Oxford Studies in Political Philosophy Volume 6. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852636.001.0001.

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This consists of eight papers in political philosophy that were presented at the Sixth Annual Workshop for Oxford Studies in Political Philosophy, at the University Pavia, Italy, in June 2018. In Part I: Rights and Wrongs, Kimberley Brownlee analyses how wrongs can create new rights. Zofia Stemplowska argues that it is possible to mitigate some past injustices done to those who are no longer alive. Japa Pallikkathayil develops an account of how our bodily rights constrain the right to free speech. In Part II: Immigration and Borders, Valeria Ottonelli defends the right to stay where one lives, on the basis of the right to control one’s body and one’s personal space. Nils Holtug argues that the equality required by justice has global scope and that open borders can be expected reduce global inequality. Johann Frick argues that special relationships among members of a group (e.g. one’s compatriots) cannot justify strong forms of partiality, unless the boundaries of this group can also be justified. In Part III: Other Matters, Christian List and Laura Valentini argue that the normative facts of political theory belong to a higher—more coarse-grained—level than those of moral theory and that, consequently, some questions that moral theories answer are indeterminate at the political level. Aart van Gils and Patrick Tomlin explore the issue whether weaker claims can be aggregated in order to collectively defeat stronger claims, and they focus on the limited aggregation view, according to which this is sometimes, but not always so.

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Santoro, Marco, Andrea Gallelli et Barbara Grüning. Bourdieu’s International Circulation. Sous la direction de Thomas Medvetz et Jeffrey J. Sallaz. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199357192.013.2.

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An influential figure in the French intellectual field since the 1960s, Pierre Bourdieu (1930–2002) is increasingly influential also—and probably mainly—on a global scale. In fact, the circulation of Bourdieu’s ideas and concepts outside of France greatly exceeds their transatlantic importation, both temporally and spatially. His works circulated in different parts of “old Europe” well before their renown in the United States, especially in countries geographically, historically, and culturally close to France, including Spain, Germany, and Italy. The patterns of transfer in these countries—each with its own intellectual tradition and academic organization—have been varied, both temporally and in intellectual content, following paths that are unpredictable and often surprising in many respects, with consequences in terms of status and identity of the transferred ideas equally diversified and not immediately understandable.

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Henderson, Linda Dalrymple. Umberto Boccioni’s Elasticity, Italian Futurism and the Ether of Space. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797258.003.0011.

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This chapter focuses on Umberto Boccioni’s 1913 painting Elasticity and his response to the ether in both its scientific and its occult contexts. The absence of translations of Boccioni’s 1914 book Pittura scultura futuriste, combined with the general lack of knowledge of early twentieth-century ether physics, has obscured this central theme of Boccioni’s art and theory. Boccioni’s treatise is, in fact, filled with references to contemporary science, including X-rays, Hertzian waves, electrons and ‘the electric theory of matter’. The latter reference suggests his specific awareness of Oliver Lodge, whose ideas and writings were well known in Italy—in both popular scientific and occult sources. Indeed, for futurists such as Boccioni, as for so many others in the early twentieth century, occultism (including spiritualism) and science seemed to be equally valid routes for exploring the unknown. Lodge’s writings about an elastic, energy-filled, matter-producing ether surely provided the stimulus for Boccioni’s Elasticity.

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Woolf, Stuart. Italian Historical Writing. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199225996.003.0017.

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This chapter examines the relations between party and history in post-Fascist Italy, foregrounding Italy’s most distinctive contribution to post-war historical method—microstoria. Microhistory’s exponents have proposed a radical challenge, not only to the traditionally dominant form of writing history from the viewpoint of the state and ruling elites, but more fundamentally to the generalizing assumptions of the social sciences. Microhistorians place in doubt the basic conviction of historical positivism that political-institutional ‘facts’ constitute the subject matter of history, and that the archival documentation, subject to philologically appropriate methods, provides direct and reliable evidence. However, they are equally critical of the influence on historical interpretation of the functionalist presuppositions on which social scientists construct their theories of the normative systems that regulate societies and economies, and the macroconcepts that are deployed to explain historical change over time, such as capitalist transformation, the evolution of the modern state, progress, modernization, class, and so on.

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Stevens, Matthew Frank, et Roman Czaja, dir. Towns on the Edge in Medieval Europe. British Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197267301.001.0001.

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This volume contains comparative research investigating the emergence and development of urban communities within northern European territories subjected to the processes of conquest, colonisation and expansion during the high and later Middle Ages. European history can be understood as a process whereby a European political, social and cultural ‘core’, on an axis from England to Italy, colonized a European ‘periphery’ by creating new towns and settlements. In northern Europe this periphery included Wales, Ireland and the shores of the Baltic Sea. This volume makes the case that these peripheral areas were not just urbanised and Europeanised, but, facing common challenges specific to life at the periphery, new towns there developed unique solutions giving rise to equally unique societies that are the historical antecedents of many current or re-emergent civic, regional and national identities in Europe today. Our hypothesis asserts that the relationship between the core and peripheries was based on the one hand, on the transfer of cultural models, but on the other hand on their constant modification. These processes led to the creation of new forms of urban life on the European peripheries, and subsequent processes of reception at a local or regional scale, embodying unique societies, not simply the replication of core urban forms and communities. In order to investigate effectively the social and political order within them, we have chosen three of the most important constituent themes: the formation of the urban community; the normalization of social life and social disciplining; and peace making and peace keeping.

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