Thèses sur le sujet « Epcip »

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The United States Navy (USN) surface ships must receive maintenance and modernization in order to attain their expected lifetimes and the level of readiness that the Navy requires. A program called Enhanced Process Control Procedures (EPCP) aims to decrease the number and frequency of critical systems failures occurring during the maintenance availability. This research aims to identify the costs and benefits of the program, determine other factors that cause critical systems downtime and maintenance availability extensions, and provide recommendations to improve the EPCP program. The costs of the program are the increased time required to complete the work, greater funding requirements, decreased flexibility, and possible impact on the technicians. Analysis of EPCPs over an 18-month period between 2012 and 2014 revealed that the total time to develop, review, and correct the EPCP documentation averaged 28 days, with a standard deviation of 26 days. The 75% confidence value for the total administrative time required of an EPCP was almost 36 days. The author recommends using this time duration when planning a maintenance availability. The benefits of the program are a larger degree of accountability, lower probability of human error, and greater communication and coordination. The review of EPCPs suggest that the efficiency of the EPCP program could be improved by increasing the number of reused EPCPs, decreasing the number of EPCP errors, involving subject-matter experts in EPCP documentation, and decreasing the EPCP administrative temporal impact. Additionally, the author recommends the USN utilize an improved record keeping system to minimize delays in maintenance availabilities.

RFID is a well known acronym for Radio-Frequency Identification, which is a technology similar to the existing bar code identification. This particular technology is capable of uniquely identifying tagged objects, which can be either living or inanimate. Items such as documents, people, animal, vehicles, containers and practically everything on this planet are capable of being tagged. With the enhancement of condensing the size and the cost, RFID has become a promising technology and has created infinite opportunities for new and improved services for consumers. In particular, RIFD technology will have an extensive variety of positive impacts in the supply chain. The main mechanism by which this will take place is the EPCglobal network, originally proposed by EPCglobal, Inc. The primary purpose of the EPCglobal network is to share product data in the supply chain. The current architecture of the EPCglobal network presents exceptional opportunities for all- from manufacturers to retailers, to overcome challenges in the supply chain. It is designed to function as a robust, extensible, scalable, and platform independent system. Even though it does achieve the majority of its objectives, it has some limitation when it comes to address the issue of data aggregation methods. In this thesis, the author analyses the current architecture of the EPCglobal network and provides a detailed explanation of the proposed solution in order to address the issues in the existing EPCglobal network. As the Author states, the current network does achieve the most of its duty, but there are some limitations related to data aggregation at the EPCIS of the retailer. Since every query goes out to the internet in order to retrieve its master information from the manufacturer’s database, this introduces a significant delay as well as consumes existing bandwidth of the EPCglobal network. The proposed technique introduces a method for aggregating data based on the information in each query and will be aggregated in order to enhance the performance of the existing EPC network. In this thesis, it has been proved that the proposed data aggregation method have enhanced the performance of the EPCglobal network.
Thesis (M.S) - Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Supply chains in many industries are experiencing an ever-growing complexity. They involve many actors and, similar to intra-organizational processes, visibility is an important enabler for managing supply chains in an inter-organizational setting. It is the backbone of advanced sup-ply chain (event) management solutions, which serve to detect critical incidents in time and to determine alternative actions. Due to the numerous parties involved, distributed supply chains call for a modular system architecture that aims at re-using visibility data from standardized sources. Following the wide variety of supply chain configurations in many industries there are also many options to design such services. This paper sheds light on these aspects by conduct-ing a case study on EPCIS, a global service specification for capturing and sharing visibility data. Based on three implementations, it shows the main design options for a supply chain vis-ibility service, generic operator models as well as major potentials.:1. Introduction and motivation 2. Research questions and methodology 3. Literature analysis 4. EPCIS case study 4.1. Deutsche Post DHL 4.2. ThyssenKrupp 4.3. GS1 Germany 5. Discussion and findinds 5.1.Design options 5.2. Operator models 5.3. Potentials 6. Conclusions

La dialectique classique entre l'individualisme et la solidarité révèle l'opposition permanente des deux forces qui se partagent la vie des hommes en société. La couverture intégrale du territoire par des EPCI à fiscalité propre constitue la réponse nécessaire à l'émiettement communal français. En outre, l'intercommunalité s'inscrit dans le processus global de la décentralisation, elle redessine le paysage de l'administration territoriale. Dorénavant, les communes doivent s'organiser autrement, aussi bien dans les territoires ruraux que dans les aires urbaines, pour partager leurs ressources et leurs dépenses au sein des périmètres intercommunaux. Ainsi, les nouveaux espaces communautaires sont propices à tous genres d'innovations organisationnelles. La mutualisation des services, dès son émergence dans le cadre de l'intercommunalité au sens de l'article L.5211-4-1 du CGCT, est apparue comme un instrument contractuel d'optimisation des moyens humains et matériels nécessaires à l'exercice des compétences de la personne publique. Elle se pratique via les conventions de mise à disposition conclues entre les communes etl'EPCI pour réaliser des économies d'échelles. De surcroît, la mutualisation contribue à l'intégration progressive des services dans l’ensemble intercommunal. La loi « RCT » du 16 décembre 2010 a apporté des nouveautés juridiques pour favoriser la mutualisation et élargir son champ d'action. Depuis peu, la coopération conventionnelle « public-public » est reconnue, de manière prétorienne, par le juge communautaire et national, et se situe hors des règles européennes de la concurrence. Telle est l’hypothèse de cette recherche qui s’emploie à souligner la complémentarité des outils institutionnels, conventionnels et managériaux utilisés dans une optique globale de modernisation de la gestion publique locale
The classic dialectical between individualism and solidarity reveals the permanent opposition of the two forces sharing mankind's life in society. The entire territory covered by EPCI with its own taxation, constitutes the necessary answer to the French communes crumbling. Besides the intercommunality which falls under the global process of decentralisation, it redraws the landscape of territorial administration. Henceforth, communes must be organised differently in the rural territories and urban areas in order to share their resources and their expenses within the inter commune perimeters. Therefore new community spaces are favourable with all kinds of organisational innovations. Mutualisation of the services, such as its emergence within the framework of the intercommunality within the sense of L.5211-4-1 article of the CGCT seemed a contractual instrument of optimisation of human means and hardware requirements with the exercising of the competences of the public person. It is practised via provisional conventions between the communes and the EPCI in order to make graduated economies. In addition the mutualisation contributes to the progressive integration of the services as a whole in the intercommunality. The RCT law of 16th December 2010 brought legal innovations to support the mutualisation and also to widen its sphere of activity. Recently, the conventional co-operation 'public-public' is recognised in a praetorian way by the community and national judge and is out of European rules of competition. Such is the hypothesis of this research which devotes itself to underline the complementarity of the institutional tools both conventional and managerial used from a global point of view of modernisation of the local public administration

Orientador : Prof. Dr. Urivald Pawlowsky
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Recursos Hídricos e Ambiental. Defesa: Curitiba, 20/10/2015
Inclui referências : f. 192-206
Área de concentração : Engenharia ambiental
Resumo: As indústrias são pressionadas na atualidade para controlar seus impactos ambientais e melhorar seu desempenho ambiental. Esta pressão ocorre pois este tipo de empresa é caracterizada, normalmente, com de alto potencial poluidor. Existem ferramentas que auxiliam na busca de melhorias ambientais, tais como o Sistema de Gestão Ambiental (SGA) e a Avaliação de Desempenho Ambiental (ADA), porém elas apresentam dificuldades principalmente no diagnóstico da condição ambiental da empresa e de seu respectivo desempenho ambiental. Isto porque, estas ferramentas, chamadas de ferramentas de processo, dependem de ferramentas analíticas para mensurar esta condição ambiental. As ferramentas analíticas direcionam a tomada de decisão em relação a busca de melhorias. Porém, quando se fala em indústrias, não há um consenso na literatura sobre ferramentas analíticas adequadas para mensurar e avaliar o desempenho ambiental delas. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta analítica, chamada de EPIP (analytical tool for Environmental Performance in Industrial Processes), para calcular o desempenho ambiental de indústrias, como forma de auxiliar a tomada de decisão em busca de melhorias ambientais. A EPIP busca mensurar o desempenho ambiental de processos industriais através da análise econômica e ambiental dos aspectos ambientais levantados referentes ao processo em estudo. Esta ferramenta é composta por três variáveis principais, o Custo equivalente do aspecto ambiental (CAA), o Custo equivalente Total do aspecto ambiental (CAAT) e o Custo equivalente relativo do aspecto ambiental (CR%). A variável principal da EPIP, a CAA, que mensura o desempenho de cada aspecto ambiental, é composta por outras oito variáveis, divididas no grupo de análise econômica, que são o Custo de Perda Material (CPM), o Custo de Energia Consumida (CEC), o Custo Destino Material (CDM), o Custo de Gestão Localizada (CGL), o Custo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (CPD), o Custo de Externalidades (CEx), e o grupo de análise ambiental, que são o Impacto ambiental pelo Consumo de Emissão de Materiais (ICEM) e o Impacto ambiental por Energia Consumida (IEC). Após a construção da ferramenta, foi realizada a aplicação dela em três diferentes estudos de caso, sendo o primeiro para uma Indústria produtora de copos plásticos de PP de embalagem de iogurte, a segunda uma Indústria de fabricação de móveis planejados e a terceira uma Indústria de fabricação de luminárias Plafon. Os resultados da EPIP foram comparados com outras quatro ferramentas analíticas afim de se verificar o comportamento da EPIP em relação às outras ferramentas estudadas na revisão da literatura. Com a realização dos testes nos três estudos de caso, foi verificado que a ferramenta EPIP conseguiu mensurar o desempenho ambiental das indústrias estudadas com maior profundidade de análises do que as outras ferramentas estudadas. Palavras-chave: EPIP, desempenho ambiental, processos industriais
Abstract: The industries are pressed currently to control their environmental impacts and improve its environmental performance. This pressure is because these companies show high pollution potential. There are several tools that aid in environmental improvements, such as the Environmental Management System (EMS) and the Environmental Performance Evaluation (EPE), but all of them have difficulties in the diagnosis of the environmental condition of the company and their respective environmental performance. This is because these tools called "procedural tools" require analytical tools to measure this environmental condition. These analytical tools are important because they guide the decision-making regarding the search for improvements. However for industry object, there is no consensus in the literature on appropriate analytical tools to measure and assess the environmental performance of them. In this context, this study aimed to develop an analytical tool, called EPIP (analytical tool for Environmental Performance in Industrial Processes) to quantify the environmental performance of industries in order to assist decision making in search of environmental improvements. The EPIP tool uses two aggregate analyzes, economic and environmental impacts, to measure the environmental performance of industrial processes through the analysis of the environmental aspects related to the process. The EPIP comprises three main variables, equivalent cost of the environmental aspect (CAA), equivalent total cost of the environmental aspects (CAAT) and the equivalent relative cost of the environmental aspect (CR%). The CAAT is the most important variable of the EPIP because it measures the performance of each environmental aspect in relation to other eight variables, divided into two groups, economic and environmental, that are Loss Material Cost (CPM), Cost of Energy Consumed (CEC), Material Destination Cost (CDM), Located Management Cost (CGL), Cost of Research and Development (CPD), Cost of Externalities (CEx), environmental impact by Material Consumption and Emissions (ICEM) and the environmental impact of energy consumed (IEC). It should be noted only that despite provisions of tool, CEx was not used in the case studies in this study because it was not obtained a reliable and objective way to measure it, featuring a limitation of EPIP. After construction of the tool, it was tested in three different case studies, the first being for a manufacturing of plastic cups for yogurt package, the second one designed furniture manufacturing and the third a manufacturing Ceiling light fixtures. The results of EPIP were compared with four other analytical tools in order to check the behavior of this tool over the other studied in the literature review. With the tests in the three case studies, it was found that EPIP tool measured the environmental performance of the industries studied in greater detail analysis than the other studied tools. Keywords: EPIP, environmental performance, industrial processes

Par l’acte I et l’acte II de la décentralisation, les pouvoirs publics ont fait le choix de transférer des compétences aux collectivités territoriales et par conséquent de prendre en compte le potentiel local offert par les territoires. L’organisation territoriale de la France est aujourd’hui très critiquée. L’évolution législative constante dans ce domaine n’a pas su construire un système efficace. En effet, la répartition des compétences entre l’Etat et les collectivités territoriales et entre les communes et leurs EPCI est devenue synonyme de complexité. Si la volonté du législateur était au départ d’instaurer une décentralisation par blocs de compétences, et de transférer à chaque échelon un bloc de compétences bien défini, la réalité fut toute autre. Aujourd’hui le but de l’intercommunalité est d’instituer une véritable collaboration fondée sur un projet commun de développement au sein de périmètres pertinents. Cependant la mutualisation des services reste difficile et trop peu appliquée. La nécessaire rationalisation dans la répartition des compétences a pour conséquences une réorientation de l’intercommunalité, qui se dirige aujourd’hui vers une coopération intercommunale à deux vitesses qui oppose les territoires ruraux et urbains. Le législateur par la loi de modernisation de l’action publique territoriale et d’affirmation des métropoles du 28 janvier 2014 et la loi du 7 août 2015 portant nouvelle organisation territoriale de la République, a privilégié l’expansion des métropoles, qui apparaissent comme une solution à l’empilement des structures intercommunales
By Act I and Act II of the Decentralization, the public authorities have made the choice to transfer competences to the territorial collectivities, and consequently to take into account the local potential of territories. The territorial organization of France is today very criticized. The constant legislative evolution in this field, did not know how to build an effective system. Indeed, the division of powers between the State and local authorities and between municipalities and their EPCI has become synonymous with complexity. If the will of the legislator was initially to introduce a decentralization by blocks of competences, and to transfer at each level a well-defined block of competences, the reality was quite different. Today, the goal of intercommunality is to establish a real collaboration based on a common project of development within relevant perimeters. However the pooling of services remains difficult and too little applied. The necessary rationalization in the division of powers has led to a reorientation of intercommunality, which is now moving towards a two-tier intermunicipal co-operation between rural and urban areas. The legislator by the law of modernization of the territorial public action and affirmation of the metropolises of January 28, 2014 and the law of August 7, 2015 on the new territorial organization of the Republic, favored the expansion of the metropolises, which appear as a as a solution to the stacking of intercommunal structure

Oil & Gas industry is a sector that has always been subject to a particular dynamism because of the huge variety of political, economic, financial and technological factors it depends on. In addition, recent accidental events and an increasing attention towards environmental issues have put Oil & Gas industry under the spotlights, de facto imposing a safety high standard that does not allow further failures. ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 have set out requirements for establishing an environmental and an occupational health and safety management system, which provides an organisational framework through which control HSE aspects by adopting a mechanism of continual improvement and a decision-making process based on the PDCA model. They represent the best tool aligned with the HSE management principles established by IOGP, becoming the organisational instrument necessary to be performant and competitive in this sector. The purpose of this work is to show how the integrated ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 management system has been established for a Rosetti Marino’s EPCI project for an Oil & Gas company operating in the Persian Gulf. It will be firstly shown the founding principles of the ISO and OHSAS management systems and then how they are realized and applied to a real case. This process had lead to the definition of the elements of the Project HSE Management System, which represent the bases for its future implementation and the framework within the project activities will be managed. The result is a picture of the mechanism, factors and the tools that have led to the constitution of a unique management scheme, customized and designed fot effectively addressing OH&S and environmental risks associated to the project activities.

La mise en place des EPCI à fiscalité propre dans les Alpes-Maritimes est le produit de conflits, de compromis et d’arrangements passés entre des élus locaux dominants, cherchant à réinterpréter permanemment la coopération intercommunale selon les intérêts communaux. Loin donc de « simplifier et de renforcer la coopération intercommunale » selon le principe énoncé par les lois relatives à l’intercommunalité, l’institutionnalisation de l’EPCI renforce plutôt les inégalités de recrutement du personnel politique local, contribue à l’émergence d’un nouveau profil d’élu communautaire, crée de nouveaux lieux de pouvoir et de prise de décision et donne à certains élus locaux déjà mieux dotés en ressources des moyens supplémentaires pour renforcer leurs positions de pouvoir
The establishment of EPCI with their own taxes in the Alpes-Maritimes is the result of conflicts, compromises and arrangements between locally elected dominating powers constantly aiming to reinterpret intercommunality based on the community’s interests. Far from actually “simplifying and reinforcing intercommunal cooperation”, following the principle of intercommunal law, the institutionalization of the EPCI reinforces the inequalities of local political recruitment, contributes to the emergence of a new type of elected person, creates new powers and decisions, giving certain locally elected people already better supplied with resources additional means to reinforce their position of power

In an attempt to develop a Staphylococcus aureus vaccine, we have applied reverse vaccinology approach, mainly based on in silico screening and proteomics. By using this approach SdrE, a protein belonging to serine-aspartate repeat protein family was identified as potential vaccine antigen against S. aureus. We have investigated the biochemical properties as well as the vaccine potential of SdrE and its highly conserved CnaBE3 domain. We found the protein SdrE to be resistant to trypsin. Further analysis of the resistant fragment revealed that it comprises a CnaBE3 domain, which also showed partial trypsin resistant behavior. Furthermore, intact mass spectrometry of rCnaBE3 suggested the possible presence of isopeptide bond or some other post-translational modification in the protein.However, this observation needs further investigation. Differential Scanning Fluorimetry study reveals that calcium play role in protein folding and provides stability to SdrE. At the end we have demonstrated that SdrE is immunogenic against clinical strain of S. aureus in murine abscess model. In the second part, I characterized a protein, annotated as epidermin leader peptide processing serine protease (EpiP), as a novel S. aureus vaccine candidate. The crystal structure of the rEpiP was solved at 2.05 Å resolution by x-ray crystallography . The structure showed that rEpiP was cleaved somewhere between residues 95 and 100 and cleavage occurs through an autocatalytic intra-molecular mechanism. In addition, the protein expressed by S. aureus cells also appeared to undergo a similar processing event. To determine if the protein acts as a serine protease, we mutated the catalytic serine 393 residue to alanine, generating rEpiP-S393A and solved its crystal structure at a resolution of 1.95 Å. rEpiP-S393A was impaired in its protease activity, as expected. Protective efficacy of rEpiP and the non-cleaving mutant protein was comparable, implying that the two forms are interchangeable for vaccination purposes.

In an attempt to develop a Staphylococcus aureus vaccine, we have applied reverse vaccinology approach, mainly based on in silico screening and proteomics. By using this approach SdrE, a protein belonging to serine-aspartate repeat protein family was identified as potential vaccine antigen against S. aureus. We have investigated the biochemical properties as well as the vaccine potential of SdrE and its highly conserved CnaBE3 domain. We found the protein SdrE to be resistant to trypsin. Further analysis of the resistant fragment revealed that it comprises a CnaBE3 domain, which also showed partial trypsin resistant behavior. Furthermore, intact mass spectrometry of rCnaBE3 suggested the possible presence of isopeptide bond or some other post-translational modification in the protein.However, this observation needs further investigation. Differential Scanning Fluorimetry study reveals that calcium play role in protein folding and provides stability to SdrE. At the end we have demonstrated that SdrE is immunogenic against clinical strain of S. aureus in murine abscess model. In the second part, I characterized a protein, annotated as epidermin leader peptide processing serine protease (EpiP), as a novel S. aureus vaccine candidate. The crystal structure of the rEpiP was solved at 2.05 Å resolution by x-ray crystallography . The structure showed that rEpiP was cleaved somewhere between residues 95 and 100 and cleavage occurs through an autocatalytic intra-molecular mechanism. In addition, the protein expressed by S. aureus cells also appeared to undergo a similar processing event. To determine if the protein acts as a serine protease, we mutated the catalytic serine 393 residue to alanine, generating rEpiP-S393A and solved its crystal structure at a resolution of 1.95 Å. rEpiP-S393A was impaired in its protease activity, as expected. Protective efficacy of rEpiP and the non-cleaving mutant protein was comparable, implying that the two forms are interchangeable for vaccination purposes.

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.
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Este trabalho elabora, descreve e valida uma metodologia aqui denominada de Planejamento Oportunístico Assimétrico (POA), a qual possa ser levada à prática no planejamento e controle da gestão de projetos EPCIs offshore para produção de petróleo em águas ultra profundas. Esses projetos estão sujeitos à ininterrupta atualização tecnológica e complexidade. Observa-se, entretanto, a dificuldade de gestão dos mesmos por haver grande dispersão de informações técnicas, ineficiência de comunicação entre as diversas entidades envolvidas nos projetos e falta de integração com os softwares aplicáveis. As novas tecnologias da informação permitem a utilização de softwares de planejamento e controle bastante sofisticados nem sempre eficazes, apesar de se fundamentarem em ferramentas clássicas de planejamento. Essas constatações denotam a necessidade de uma metodologia integradora com conceitos inovadores de controle que torne o planejamento e gestão desses projetos mais objetivos e eficazes. O POA foi desenvolvido através da integração de práticas clássicas de planejamento, conceitos diferenciados de controle, atualização do conhecimento específico, on-line, multi-local, tecnologia da informação no estado da arte, utilizando, ainda, como fundamentos, as teorias de planejamento e da complexidade com uma abordagem adaptativa-cognitiva. Utilizou-se da pesquisa qualitativa do tipo descritiva exploratória, por meio do método Delphi, a qual envolveu especialistas com significativa experiência em projetos desse tipo, o que promoveu o aprimoramento desejável do POA. Foram estabelecidas as suas restrições e potencialidades para trabalhos futuros e concluiu-se, ao final, a possibilidade de aplicação prática da metodologia por companhias ou instituições que se dediquem à execução de projetos EPCIs offshore em águas ultra profundas

Globally, the past two years have been successful years in oil and gas exploration with discoveries almost doubling those made in 2017.1 Notwithstanding Africa's endowment in vast natural resources, including substantial oil and gas reserves, one of the most dramatic finds in Africa has been Mozambique's natural gas developments. Mozambique is set to become one of the largest and most dominant natural gas finds in the world. These developments have attracted the attention from countries around the world, the UAE, in particular, taking the lead. Engineering, procurement, construction and installation (“EPCI”) contracts, are a common form of contract in the oil and gas sector, which is used to undertake large scale oil and gas projects. The nature of these contracts consists of significant local (in-country work) and foreign (out-of-country work) elements. Due to the complex nature of EPCI contracts, one of the major areas of dispute in the taxation environment are the uncertainties around the taxation of profits arising to contractors under these contracts. The taxpayer and the Revenue Authorities have different views as to where the income arising from EPCI contracts is to be taxed. The taxpayer takes the stand that only such income from the project as is relatable to activities in the host state, should be taxed in the host state. The Revenue Authorities contend that EPCI contracts are to be considered as one and indivisible, and hence the entire income from the contract is liable to be taxed in the host state. Based on an examination of recent judgments passed by the Authority of Advanced Rulings (“AAR”) and various Tax Courts, currently, there seems to be no certainty regarding the taxation of income arising to contractors under an EPCI contract and this has in turn resulted in a number of contractors having to pay excessive taxes. This dissertation seeks to analyse the tax treatment of income arising to contractors, from supplies and services under an EPCI contract in the context of the oil and gas sector entered into between Mozambique and the United Arab Emirates (“UAE”), in Mozambique. The purpose of this analysis is to determine how these profits should be taxed, in light of the Mozambique-UAE Treaty2 and Mozambican domestic legislation. In other words, the question that this dissertation seeks to answer is, whether profits arising from an EPCI contract in the oil and gas sector, should be taxed as a whole in Mozambique, or per the various components of the EPCI contract. 1 Fuel for thought, Africa oil and gas review, 2019, Current developments and a look into the future, www.pwc.co.za/oil-gas review [November 2019]. 2 Convention between the Republic of Mozambique and the Government of the United Arab Emirates for the Avoidance of Double Taxation with respect to Taxes on Income and Capital (2003). The key finding arising from the research presented in this dissertation is that although an EPCI contract is entered into in Mozambique (consisting of both offshore and onshore elements), this would not make the entire income from that contract to be taxable in Mozambique. Importantly, only such part of the income as is attributable to the operations carried out in Mozambique can be taxed in Mozambique. Following the analysis, as described above, this dissertation finally endeavors to provide recommendations on how contractors should approach and structure EPCI arrangements in order to create the best possible situation for themselves within the limits of what the law allows, and to reduce potential tax litigation. This can serve to inform other developing countries who have oil and gas operations.

En 2014, la loi ALUR a prévu qu'à partir de mars 2017 l'ensemble des EPCI à fiscalité propre acquerrait la compétence en matière d'élaboration du plan local d'urbanisme. L’élaboration d’un plan local d’urbanisme intercommunal (PLUi) signifie que les acteurs locaux sont supposés s’entendre sur les enjeux du territoire, sur la stratégie à mettre en œuvre et l’encadrement du droit du sol. Ce dernier point est particulièrement sensible, car la plupart des élus restent aujourd’hui attachés à leurs prérogatives en matière d’urbanisme. Dans ce contexte, quels sont les effets structurants du PLUi sur la pratique de la planification ? Pour les appréhender, nous avons mené une analyse institutionnelle de la procédure d'élaboration du PLUi de l'Eurométropole de Strasbourg ; en mobilisant d'une part l'approche communicationnelle de la planification qui permet d’analyser les interactions entre acteurs ; et l'instrumentation d'autre part qui permet de saisir les effets propres des instruments sur l'action publique. La rencontre de ces deux littératures nous a permis de mettre en lumière plusieurs effets du PLUi. Il a amené les acteurs locaux, malgré leurs points de vue antagonistes, à s’accorder sur les enjeux du territoire, la stratégie d’aménagement et même les dispositions réglementaires qui la concrétisent. De ce processus est né un régime d’agglomération qui permet de réguler les conflits par des normes sociales et urbaines partagées. Mais il faut relativiser ces effets : le plan de zonage reste très similaire à celui contenu dans les documents communaux antérieurs, et la convergence des représentations n’a pas pour autant conduit les élus locaux à s’affranchir des frontières communales
In 2014, law ALUR gave to intermunicipal groups (“EPCI”) the right to draft planning documents on behalf of the municipalities from 2017. Drafting an intermunicipal land use plan (“PLUi”) means actors are supposed to agree on a common perception of the territory’ stakes, a strategy to deal with them, as well as a common land use regulation: the PLUi is binding. This last trait is a touchy one, because mayors don’t want to lose control over the regulation of their land. In such a context, we looked for the structuring effects of the PLUi on the planning processs. For that purpose, we built an institutional analysis of Strasbourg Eurométropole’s PLUi. It involved two complementary theoretical approaches: on one hand, the communicative approach of planning in order to to analyze the interactions between actors. On the other hand, the “instrumentation” approach gave us key concepts to read the effects of the PLUi on the planning network. These two literatures led us to identify several of them. The PLUi gathered actors with antagonistic perspectives to agree on the territory’ stakes, the planning strategy and even the land regulation. From this process raised an “intermunicipal regime” which regulates conflicts with shared urban and social norms. But we have to relativise these effects: the zoning is still close to what it used to be before the drafting process, and local politicians keep on thinking through the municipality prism

La création des métropoles ne relève pas simplement d'une réforme supplémentaire de l'organisation territoriale française. Elle en exprime un changement de paradigme, découlant d'un nouveau contexte lié à la globalisation économique et se traduisant par la mise en concurrence des territoires. Cette création est indissociable d'un processus de plus grande amplitude de recomposition des territoires selon une problématique distincte de celle des lois antérieures dites de décentralisation. Cette recomposition territoriale ne surgit pas ex nihilo. Les prémisses en sont notamment décelables dans le changement de nature de l'intercommunalité, ayant substitué l'intégration à la coopération. Ce processus produit une déconstruction des cadres juridiques du modèle territorial hérité de plus de deux cent ans d'histoire. C'est ainsi, en particulier, que par-delà l'éclatement de l'uniformité, la distinction même entre collectivités territoriales et établissements publics perd son intelligibilité et ses critères constitutifs, ou que le principe de libre administration tend à être privé de sa propre substance. La reconfiguration du droit des collectivités territoriales requiert ainsi de nouvelles typologies conformes aux mutations des régimes juridiques
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Le territoire d'innovation est construit à partir des organisations fonctionnelles et institutionnelles, en partie articulé au Système Régional d'Innovation. Notre démarche retient le concept des médiances, i.e ensemble des relations sociales qu'un individu développe avec son environnement, appliqué aux activités d'innovation. L'entreprise innovante organise ses relations sociales internes, ses relations pour la production et ses activités spécifiques d'innovation à partir de choix stratégiques qui laissent une place aux inspirations de l'entrepreneur. Le Conseil régional et l'EPCI agissent en proposant un ensemble des outils publics d'accompagnement et d'orientation de l'innovation. Une conception « ouverte » de la ressource innovante (une information à forte valeur ajoutée) dans un SRI « ouvert » et selon des gouvernances étendues et variées constituent une dynamique de développement des médiances d'innovation. Leur densité et variété accroissent l'opportunité d'adhésion des entrepreneurs à la construction d'un territoire d'innovation producteur d'externalités d'innovation. Cette méthodologie privilégie un investissement sur le fond invitant donc à « ouvrir » les politiques publiques fondées sur des modèles de territoires trop souvent favorables aux normes standards qui à terme banalisent le territoire innovant. La valeur reconnue à l'innovation par une société locale, et la volonté des hommes de créer un « climat » favorable aux consensus fixent le contenu des médiances d'innovation. C'est pourquoi la priorité aux innovations sociales doit précéder la construction des territoires d'innovation les plus performants, et leur intégration à une échelle intermédiaire.

Supply Chain Event Management (SCEM) bezeichnet eine Teildisziplin des Supply Chain Management und ist für Unternehmen ein Ansatzpunkt, durch frühzeitige Reaktion auf kritische Ausnahmeereignisse in der Wertschöpfungskette Logistikleistung und -kosten zu optimieren. Durch Rahmenbedingungen wie bspw. globale Logistikstrukturen, eine hohe Artikelvielfalt und volatile Geschäftsbeziehungen zählt die Modeindustrie zu den Branchen, die für kritische Störereignisse besonders anfällig ist. In diesem Sinne untersucht die vorliegende Dissertation nach einer Beleuchtung der wesentlichen Grundlagen zunächst, inwiefern es in der Modeindustrie tatsächlich einen Bedarf an SCEM-Systemen gibt. Anknüpfend daran zeigt sie nach einer Darstellung bisheriger SCEM-Architekturkonzepte Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten für eine Systemarchitektur auf, die auf den Designprinzipien der Serviceorientierung beruht. In diesem Rahmen erfolgt u. a. auch die Identifikation SCEM-relevanter Business Services. Die Vorzüge einer serviceorientierten Gestaltung werden detailliert anhand der EPCIS (EPC Information Services)-Spezifikation illustriert. Abgerundet wird die Arbeit durch eine Betrachtung der Nutzenpotenziale von SCEM-Systemen. Nach einer Darstellung von Ansätzen, welche zur Nutzenbestimmung infrage kommen, wird der Nutzen anhand eines Praxisbeispiels aufgezeigt und fließt zusammen mit den Ergebnissen einer Literaturrecherche in eine Konsolidierung von SCEM-Nutzeffekten. Hierbei wird auch beleuchtet, welche zusätzlichen Vorteile sich für Unternehmen durch eine serviceorientierte Architekturgestaltung bieten. In der Schlussbetrachtung werden die wesentlichen Erkenntnisse der Arbeit zusammengefasst und in einem Ausblick sowohl beleuchtet, welche Relevanz die Ergebnisse der Arbeit für die Bewältigung künftiger Herausforderungen innehaben als auch welche Anknüpfungspunkte sich für anschließende Forschungsarbeiten ergeben.

碩士
大同大學
資訊經營學系(所)
94
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) can work efficiently in identification. RFID can reduce the waste in producing and negligence to achieve automatic production. Furthermore, we can also use Electronic Product Code (EPC™) stored in the tags to share information and extend to other areas such as manufacturing, transportation, and service. RFID system can not work just by tags, readers, and middleware. If RFID cannot provide data storage and query functions, the information collected by RFID system is nothing more than a pile of data in the database. Furthermore, a working RFID needs to connect with information systems in business and among businesses. Therefore, EPCIS (Information Service) was established. Though application of RFID is mature in organization, the application between organizations is still in the process of exploratory development. We don’t have complete model to refer so we are not sure the application in reality. Therefore, this study focuses on the functions and operations model of EPCIS. We discuss the functions of EPCIS in an organization to understand how to communicate with internal systems by XML (eXtensible Markup Language). We build a prototype system to prove the concept of message exchange procedure. The functions include tracing inventory, improving transaction procedures, communication of heterogeneous systems in order to setup an RFID reference for enterprises.

碩士
逢甲大學
資訊工程所
99
In this thesis, we propose a design method of EPCIS capture and query applications. The design method uses EPCglobal standards and integrating RFID data with business logic to present a architecture of EPCIS capture and query applications called Business Logic Management Platform Architecture (BizLMP). BizLMP consists of a business logic design tool and a business logic management platform. The former allows enterprises to design their own business logic according to different RFID application scenarios; the latter manages and generates RFID enterprises business logic data. BizLMP has several components including EPCIS server, ALE server, ALE client, and business logic design tool and business logic management platform. These components are all designed according to EPCIS, ALE and CBV of EPCglobal standards. The business logic design tool and business logic management platform are cores of this architecture. We also implement a case study of automatic inventory using RFID technology. We demonstrate how to use business logic design tool and present the process of generating RFID business logic data business with logic management platform.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Informática apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra.
Todas as empresas de base tecnológica (e não só) têm por objetivo fornecer soluções que acrescentem valor ao seu cliente final. Seguindo esse objetivo, torna-se fulcral melhorar os processos existentes ou conceber novos processos que se baseiem numa gestão eficaz e eficiente de recursos que posteriormente se traduzirão em aumentos de capital e dos níveis de produção de forma a satisfazer prontamente os seus clientes enquanto desenvolvem a competitividade. Assente nestes aspetos, pretende-se que a solução desenvolvida tenha um impacto profundo e inovador num processo logístico transversal a qualquer empresa, as Expedições. A tecnologia RFID encontra-se em franco desenvolvimento e expansão quer a nível de compatibilidade, num vasto leque de dispositivos (fixos e móveis) quer à sua propagação em várias áreas de atividade e respetivos processos de negócio. Conferindo rapidez, eficiência e fiabilidade nos processos onde opera, esta tecnologia apresenta toda uma panóplia de informação que é essencial para uma tomada de decisão consciente. Apoiado nestas premissas, a solução a desenvolver incorporará esta tecnologia no processo de Expedição com o intuito de, uma forma intuitiva e rápida, validar todas as encomendas que dão saída de um armazém ou unidade de produção (fábrica). Dado o elevado volume de dados que requerem processamento e com vista a garantir a escalabilidade, robustez e posteriores integrações com terceiros, surge a necessidade de normalização. Utilizando dicionários de dados, arquiteturas normativas e protocolos de comunicação padronizados (LLRP) da GS11 (Global Standards 1), pretende-se munir a solução com uma infraestrutura que é partilhada por inúmeros sistemas a nível global. A Creativesystems é uma empresa pioneira na implementação da tecnologia RFID, cria e implementa soluções avançadas de identificação e rastreabilidade automática, com especial ênfase nos sectores do retalho, logística e indústria, onde detém um elevado know-how e experiência. O desenvolvimento desta solução irá procurar munir a Creativesystems com um software capaz de ser aplicado a outros módulos e trazer ganhos na gestão de produtos durante um qualquer processo de Expedição.

碩士
逢甲大學
資訊工程學系
102
In this thesis, we propose EPCIS+, which is an extension of EPC Information Services (EPCIS) specification published by the international organization EPCglobal. Originally, EPCIS is designed for RFID and bar code technology. To extend EPCIS for adding transducer capability, we add a transducer event type in EPCIS events and define attributes of transducer events. Recording transducer data in the transducer events, it is possible to extend the EPCglobal network to the Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Internet of Things has three major layers: identifying and sensing layer, networking layer, and application layer. We use the Electronic Product Code (EPC) proposed by EPCglobal to uniquely identify an object; then, we utilize EPCglobal network to collect, store, and share data to achieve exchange and communication of object information; finally, users can develop their IoT applications. We can share the information through the EPCglobal Network. The EPCIS standard defines the interfaces to capture and query the EPCIS Events. EPCIS events have four types, ObjectEvent, AggregationEvent, QuantityEvent, and TransactionEvent. These event types are used to record business information in supply chain management; they are not suitable for transducer information. This thesis will focus the extension to transducer event type TransducerEvent which includes two subtype sensor event type SensorEvent and actuator event type, ActuatorEvent to record events in IoT applications.