Bibliographies thématiques / Environmental impacts mitigation

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Environmental impacts mitigation »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Environmental impacts mitigation"

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Bombar, Gökçen, Deniz Dölgen et M. Necdet Alpaslan. « Environmental impacts and impact mitigation plans for desalination facilities ». Desalination and Water Treatment 57, no 25 (22 septembre 2015) : 11528–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1089198.

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Wallace, Daniel P., et Joseph S. Shalkowski. « Post-National Environmental Policy Act Monitoring of Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Commitments ». Transportation Research Record : Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1626, no 1 (janvier 1998) : 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1626-04.

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Post-National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) phase tracking tools have been developed and applied successfully to monitor changes in environmental impacts and mitigation commitments identified during the NEPA process as transportation projects advance and are refined through the highway final design process. The tools have been used effectively on two Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission (PTC) expansion projects currently under development in the Monongahela River Valley region of southwestern Pennsylvania. The tools include a set of computerized spreadsheet/database tracking tables that identify the environmental impacts and mitigation commitments contained in the final environmental impact statement (FEIS), the memorandum of agreement for cultural resources, the FHWA record of decision, and the Pennsylvania Agricultural Land Condemnation Approval Board adjudication. As refinements were made to the project and its right-of-way requirements during final design, any associated changes to environmental impacts were recorded. The tables provided the PTC, state, and federal agencies with a means to efficiently evaluate the resulting environmental impacts for the projects and assess the applicability of the mitigation commitments as defined in the FEIS. Any refinements needed in the mitigation commitment were incorporated into the final design plans. The rationale behind the development of these tools in conjunction with their functional value to the NEPA process is presented.
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Poore, J., et T. Nemecek. « Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers ». Science 360, no 6392 (31 mai 2018) : 987–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaq0216.

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Food’s environmental impacts are created by millions of diverse producers. To identify solutions that are effective under this heterogeneity, we consolidated data covering five environmental indicators; 38,700 farms; and 1600 processors, packaging types, and retailers. Impact can vary 50-fold among producers of the same product, creating substantial mitigation opportunities. However, mitigation is complicated by trade-offs, multiple ways for producers to achieve low impacts, and interactions throughout the supply chain. Producers have limits on how far they can reduce impacts. Most strikingly, impacts of the lowest-impact animal products typically exceed those of vegetable substitutes, providing new evidence for the importance of dietary change. Cumulatively, our findings support an approach where producers monitor their own impacts, flexibly meet environmental targets by choosing from multiple practices, and communicate their impacts to consumers.
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Gana, Abdullahi Hassan, M. A. Fullen et D. Oloke. « Effects of drought and their mitigation strategies in Yobe State, Nigeria ». Sustinere : Journal of Environment and Sustainability 5, no 3 (31 décembre 2021) : 184–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/sustinere.jes.v5i3.189.

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Drought is regarded as a natural phenomenon and its impacts accumulate slowly over a long period. It is considered to be insufficient precipitation that leads to water scarcity, as triggered by meteorological parameters, such as temperature, precipitation and humidity. However, drought mitigation has mostly been reactive, but this has been challenged by extreme events globally. Many countries and regions around the world have made efforts in mitigating drought impacts, including Nigeria. This study produced frameworks for drought amelioration and management as a planning tool for Yobe State, Nigeria. Drought coping strategies have also caused environmental degradation in Yobe State. Farmers over-harvest their farms, practise deforestation and over-exploit wild animals. Several efforts to mitigate the impacts of drought by the Nigerian Government have failed, thus this research adopts a bottom-top approach to mitigate drought impacts in Yobe State. Four validated drought mitigation and management frameworks were developed for Yobe State. The frameworks were evaluated pre-use through respondent validation. State officials and farmers believed that these frameworks will reduce the impacts of drought in Yobe State. The frameworks include social, economic, environmental impact mitigation and an Integrated Drought Mitigation and Management Framework. The proposed frameworks were designed and have advocates a paradigm shift, using both proactive and reactive measures.
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Santos, Claudson Gomes, et Eloiza Suimay Azevedo Carvalho. « Environmental technologies used for the mitigation of industrial environmental impacts ». Ciência e Natura 42 (31 décembre 2020) : e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x41268.

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With the growth of the world population, constant technological evolution and consequent change in the habits of our society, human activity is gradually increasing its capacity of alteration to the environment. Small acts of environmental preservation result in great feats for the ecosystem, for humanity and are preludes for the continuity of life. This study discusses the dispersion of pollutants caused by industries, the importance of the remediation technologies used, which can prevent and / or mitigate the impacts that are caused to the environment. This study is a comparison between end-of-pipe technologies and cleaner production, which are the most used by industries. It was based on the environmental impacts caused by the industries and on the most used remediation technologies as mechanisms to reduce or prevent these impacts.
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Khan, Shahrukh Rafi, Mahmood A. Khwaja et Abdul Matin Khan. « Environmental impacts and mitigation costs associated with cloth and leather exports from Pakistan ». Environment and Development Economics 6, no 3 (25 juin 2001) : 383–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x01000213.

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We have drawn two propositions, critical from a developing country viewpoint, from the trade and environment literature and assessed them for cloth and leather production in Pakistan. The first is that trade liberalization will result in export by developing countries of their environmental capital. The second is that the costs of mitigating these damaging environmental effects in the South are very high. We find that, given the state of implementation of environmental laws in Pakistan, exports induced by trade liberalization can indeed have major negative environmental impacts. However, we do not find support for the proposition that the costs of mitigation are very high. We also find that the social benefits far exceed the costs of mitigation.
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Grubert, Emily, et Jennifer Stokes-Draut. « Mitigation Life Cycle Assessment : Best Practices from LCA of Energy and Water Infrastructure That Incurs Impacts to Mitigate Harm ». Energies 13, no 4 (22 février 2020) : 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13040992.

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Climate change will require societal-scale infrastructural changes. Balancing priorities for water, energy, and climate will demand that approaches to water and energy management deviate from historical practice. Infrastructure designed to mitigate environmental harm, particularly related to climate change, is likely to become increasingly prevalent. Understanding the implications of such infrastructure for environmental quality is thus of interest. Environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) is a common sustainability assessment tool that aims to quantify the total, multicriteria environmental impact caused by a functional unit. Notably, however, LCA quantifies impacts in the form of environmental “costs” of delivering the functional unit. In the case of mitigation infrastructures, LCA results can be confusing because they are generally reported as the harmful impacts of performing mitigation rather than as net impacts that incorporate benefits of successful mitigation. This paper argues for defining mitigation LCA as a subtype of LCA to facilitate better understanding of results and consistency across studies. Our recommendations are informed by existing LCA literature on mitigation infrastructure, focused particularly on stormwater and carbon management. We specifically recommend that analysts: (1) use a performance-based functional unit; (2) be attentive to burden shifting; and (3) assess and define uncertainty, especially related to mitigation performance.
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Zavattaro, Laura, Carlo Grignani, Marco Acutis et Philippe Rochette. « Mitigation of environmental impacts of nitrogen use in agriculture ». Agriculture, Ecosystems & ; Environment 147 (janvier 2012) : 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.12.004.

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Apte, Monica, M. Ramachandran, Sivaji Chinnasami, Chinnasamy Sathiyaraj et Periyasamy Anusuya. « An Investigation of Environmental Accounting Measurement ». 1 1, no 1 (1 avril 2022) : 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/ese/1/1/7.

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As defined by the definition, Environmental Accounting To achieve long-term growth, To maintain a positive relationship with the community, Effective and efficient environmental protection measures And seeks to imitate. These accounting practices, The cost of protecting the environment in the normal course of business Help a company determine, Determine the benefits to be derived from such activities, Offer the best size measurement (In monetary value or physical units) And report its results. Environmental protection is the prevention of environmental impacts, Mitigation and / or avoidance, As well as mitigation, disaster mitigation and Defined here as other activities. Environmental impacts are corporate activities or The burdens imposed on the environment by other human activities, As well as potential roadblocks to protect the environment.
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Tzilivakis, John, Kathleen Lewis, Andrew Green et Douglas Warner. « Identifying integrated options for agricultural climate change mitigation ». International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 6, no 2 (13 mai 2014) : 192–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-09-2012-0053.

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Purpose – In order to achieve reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, it is essential that all industry sectors have the appropriate knowledge and tools to contribute. This includes agriculture, which is considered to contribute about a third of emissions globally. This paper reports on one such tool: IMPACCT: Integrated Management oPtions for Agricultural Climate Change miTigation. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – IMPACCT focuses on GHGs, carbon sequestration and associated mitigation options. However, it also attempts to include information on economic and other environmental impacts in order to provide a more holistic perspective. The model identifies mitigation options, likely economic impacts and any synergies and trade-offs with other environmental objectives. The model has been applied on 22 case study farms in seven Member States. Findings – The tool presents some useful concepts for developing carbon calculators in the future. It has highlighted that calculators need to evolve from simply calculating emissions to identifying cost-effective and integrated emissions reduction options. Practical implications – IMPACCT has potential to become an effective means of provided targeted guidance, as part of a broader knowledge transfer programme based on an integrated suite of guidance, tools and advice delivered via different media. Originality/value – IMPACCT is a new model that demonstrates how to take a more integrated approach to mitigating GHGs on farms across Europe. It is a holistic carbon calculator that presents mitigation options in the context other environmental and economic objectives in the search for more sustainable methods of food production.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Environmental impacts mitigation"

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Hovhannisyan, Lilit. « OVERSEEING THE MITIGATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS IN ARMENIA ». Miami University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami150105623187497.

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Luger, Michael Karl. « Environmentally-sensitive river management : assessment and mitigation of impacts on urban rivers ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13886.

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Includes bibliographies.
Urban development and engineering works have resulted in the majority of rivers that drain urban areas being severely degraded, both ecologically and in terms of their potential amenity value. This dissertation explores the reasons for this "spiral of degradation" and it describes the ecological and social impacts on rivers caused by urban development, channelisation and canalisation. It then suggests possible measures to mitigate the impacts at the levels of the catchment, floodplain and river channel. The present cycle of degradation of urban rivers in the Cape Metropolitan Area (and elsewhere) can be halted. In addition, where degradation has already occurred, mitigation and rehabilitation are possible and could restore some of the lost conservation and ecological values, as well as the potential amenity, recreation and education functions. Early colonisation of Cape Town by Europeans inflicted severe impacts on the rivers surrounding and passing through the city. These included: catchment degradation, water abstraction, the disposal of unpurified sewage and industrial effluents, removal of riparian forests, clearing of instream vegetation and the draining of wetlands. During the 20111 century, many urban rivers have been "improved" by straightening or confining within rectangular concrete-lined canals in order to protect urban development in flood-prone areas. The unquestioning faith in technology during this period and the attitude that human ingenuity could "improve nature" are now regarded by the scientific community, together with some local and regional authorities and informed members of the public, as mistakes that resulted in ecological and environmental degradation. These technical solutions merely treated the symptoms of the problem without recognising, let alone attempting to treat, the causes, that is poor catchment and floodplain management. However, there is still a public demand for canalisation of the remaining "natural" rivers in the greater Cape Town area and beyond. At the same time, there has been an increase in environmental awareness, as well as a growing appreciation of the value of holistic and multi-objective planning in the engineering and planning professions. This dissertation aims to assess the impacts of urbanisation, channelisation and canalisation on the aquatic ecosystem and socio-economic environment of urban rivers, and to develop possible measures to mitigate these impacts.
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Shanmugam, Harini. « Assessment and mitigation of potential environmental impacts of Portland Cement Concrete highway grindings ». Online access for everyone, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2004/h%5Fshanmugam%5F121304.pdf.

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Driscoll, Simon. « Climate impacts of stratospheric particle injection ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5460c624-75d0-448e-b9a0-c1bc70cc9ad0.

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Geoengineering has attracted large attention over recent years as to being a possible way to ameliorate some of the effects of climate change. One of the proposals, involving injecting sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere in order to cool Earth's temperature back to pre-industrial levels, has been assessed as one of the leading geoengineering proposals. Despite this, large uncertainties remain in both the physical and social sciences. Small scale trials of sulphate aerosol injection are not seen as ways to provide large amounts of useful data to inform on the climate response to stratospheric sulphate aerosol loading (whilst also facing many social and ethical barriers). Large scale trials involving injecting amounts of aerosol more comparable to what would be required to cool the Earth's temperature back to pre-industrial levels are viewed as too risky. Assessments of the climate effects of sulphate aerosol geoengineering by the scientific community therefore have largely relied on climate modelling studies. The thesis begins by reviewing sulphate aerosol geoengineering and the modelling that have been conducted to date. In light of the need to verify modelling results with observations the thesis seeks to understand the effects of nature's analogue to sulphate aerosol geoengineering: large volcanic eruptions. When a volcano erupts it can inject large amounts of SO2 gas into the stratosphere, which then undergo conversion to form sulphate aerosol, cooling the Earth in a way analogous to sulphate aerosol engineering. The ability of the climate models submitted to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) database is assessed, with a particular focus on dynamical changes in the Northern Hemisphere winter period. These models fail to capture the observed NH dynamical response following eruptions, which is of concern for the accuracy of geoengineering modelling studies that assess the atmospheric response to sulphate aerosol geoengineering. Simulations of volcanic eruptions are then performed with high-top and low-top configurations of the HadGEM2-CC climate model. The high-top version of HadGEM2-CC, with enhanced vertical resolution and model height, gives a markedly improved and statistically significant post-volcanic winter dynamical simulation to its low-top counterpart. The post-winter dynamical simulation in the high-top model agrees with the observed response following volcanic eruptions. Accordingly, mechanisms involved in the dynamical changes are analysed and it is concluded that the HadGEM2-CC high-top model would give more confident simulations of sulphate aerosol geoengineering over its low-top counterpart. Given the identification of a more suitable model for geoengineering simulations following extensive investigation, the final chapter analyses simulations of the HadGEM2-CC high-top model for asymmetries between the climate response to an immediate onset of geoengineering and a rapid cessation of geoengineering - known as a 'termination' of geoengineering. The project is summarised and discussed, and future work is proposed, involving a large host of projects.
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Kettlewell, Chad Issac. « An Assessment of Wetland Impacts and Compensatory Mitigation in the Cuyahoga River Watershed, Ohio, USA ». The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392733321.

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Bergman, Crystal Jane. « A Survey of Drought Impacts and Mitigation Planning in Kentucky ». TopSCHOLAR®, 2009. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/95.

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Ahmad, Mumtaz. « ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION OF WATER RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH IMPACTS IN THE BAGRAMI DISTRICT OF KABUL PROVINCE ». The University of Montana, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-09222008-022006/.

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My paper includes: (1) an analysis of cases of waterborne diseases in Bagrami District from 2003-2007; (2) a review and assessment of the effectiveness of three recent water supply and sanitation projects carried out by aid organizations; (3) a description of a Bagrami water sanitation project that I helped manage in 17 villages in collaboration with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) in spring 2008; and (4) my recommendations on how to improve the effectiveness of water supply and sanitation projects in Bagrami and other areas of Afghanistan based on insights gained from this study.
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Hirono, Yuhei. « Assessment and mitigation of the environmental impacts of nitrogen fertilizer application in green tea fields ». Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/235969.

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Brown, Terry-Rene Wiesner. « Monitoring and Mitigation of Elevated CO2 Impacts using Microalgae ». Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6188.

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Climate change is arguably the greatest environmental and economic challenge of our time. There are considerable documented and projected impacts to both human and natural systems as a result of climate change. These impacts include changes in temperature, sea level, precipitation patterns, and biogeography of ecologically and economically relevant species, including pathogens. One of the main drivers of climate change is elevated levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas. Since pre-industrial times, atmospheric CO2 levels have increased from approximately 280 ppm to over 400 ppm, as a result of fossil fuel combustion, cement production and land use change. In addition to being a driver of climate change and a direct contributor to the increase in global average temperatures, elevated atmospheric CO2 also affects biogeochemical cycles. When ocean surface waters equilibrate with higher levels of atmospheric CO2, there is an increase in acidification and resulting effects on marine biota, such as changes to community composition and decreases in calcifying organisms. Freshwater systems are less understood, but many freshwater systems are experiencing acidification and the resulting ramifications as well. Microalgae, as the primary producers in these systems, are often studied as sentinels of such change. Here, I present studies using microalgae to monitor and mitigate elevated CO2. The goals of the investigation were to conduct 1) a field study to determine if microalgae in a freshwater stream were impacted by an elevated CO2 treatment; 2) a meta-analysis of elevated CO2 effects on freshwater microalgae; and 3) a laboratory study to optimize growth of microalgae for biofuels production. In the first chapter, I provide background information and the framework for the studies that follow. Past, present and future atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are discussed as well as their impacts to marine and freshwater systems. The importance of microalgae to these aquatic systems is described. Then I discuss the role of microalgae in elevated CO2 monitoring and mitigation. In the second chapter, I present a field study of elevated CO2 effects on a freshwater stream. The study took place at the University of Michigan Biological Station at the Stream Research Facility. Once-through artificial stream channels were employed to grow microalgae in simulated natural stream conditions. The stream channels were subjected to ambient or elevated CO2 treatments and impacts to stream water chemistry and microalgae were measured. Stream water chemistry was impacted by the elevated CO2 treatment such that there were significant decreases in pH and significant increases in dissolved inorganic carbon. However, these chemical changes did not have a measured impact on the stream microalgae, as measured by microalgal biomass, elemental composition, and community composition. Perhaps microalgae will not be the first to be impacted by increasing levels of atmospheric CO2, though freshwater systems vary considerably and more research is needed to confirm this conclusion. In the third chapter, I present the results of a meta-analysis of elevated CO2 effects on freshwater algae. We conducted a literature search in ISI Web of Science of all publications on freshwater microalgal response to elevated CO2 and chose studies that used elevated CO2 levels of less than or equal to 2,000 ppm, which is the highest level projected for the future by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. From the twenty-two papers that met the inclusion criteria, qualitative and quantitative data were extracted and categorized into response classes including water chemistry, microalgal growth, carbon fixation and photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, and consumer response. Effect sizes for elevated CO2 were calculated, and CO2 enrichment significantly increased water acidity and dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations, microalgal growth, carbon fixation and photosynthesis, and algal nutrient uptake. Algal consumers (e.g., herbivores) in general were negatively affected, but the overall result was not statistically significant. We also analyzed a variety of experimental parameters and determined that experimental design and algal culture conditions did not impact elevated CO2 effects on freshwater microalgae in the studies conducted to date. In the fourth chapter, I provide the results of a laboratory-based study of the marine microalgae Picochlorum oculatum, which has shown promise as a source of biofuel because of its high lipid production and relative ease of growing in culture. We ran a series of lab experiments to optimize growth conditions and maximize growth of P. oculatum. Experiments included tests of light source (LED or metal halide), CO2 delivery (continuously or in pH-controlled pulses), inoculum size (10%, 15% or 20%), and culture pH (7.0, 7.5, or 8.0); these variations did not significantly impact growth so future experiments were run in the most cost-effective manner using LED lights, with pH-controlled pulses, 10% inoculum size and at culture pH of 7.5. We also tested different sources of supplied nitrogen in an effort to reduce culture costs and potentially improve sustainability by using urea and ammonium, sources of nitrogen readily available from wastewater treatment. Growth was comparable using the standard artificial nitrogen source, nitrate, and the wastewater-constituent urea, indicating that urea may be a cost-effective and sustainable source of nitrogen for microalgal cultures grown on an industrial scale for biofuel production. Growth using ammonium was not successful even when concentrations were reduced and a buffer was added to reduce acidification of the growth medium resulting from ammonium uptake by the algae. More research is needed to determine if ammonium can be a suitable nitrogen source for microalgae. Experiments were also conducted in an outdoor setting to determine if high growth levels were maintained when the cultures were grown at a larger scale and in variable natural conditions; successful growth was demonstrated over 68 days, indicating that P. oculatum may be a promising candidate for biofuel production. Additional research is needed to further optimize culture growth and streamline operations. The body of work herein examines the role of microalgae in elevated CO2 monitoring and mitigation. There is considerable evidence that elevated atmospheric CO2 impacts aquatic chemistry through increases in dissolved inorganic carbon and acidity. These chemical changes have varied impacts on aquatic biota, including microalgae, which play foundational roles in ecosystems as primary producers and bases of food webs. Microalgal responses to elevated CO2 may impact other trophic levels and have widespread effects on aquatic ecosystems. Additional research is needed on elevated CO2 effects on microalgae, particularly in freshwater systems, which are less understood than marine systems and perhaps less predictable due to the wide variability in their physical, chemical and biological compositions. Microalgae may also play a significant role in elevated CO2 mitigation because of their potential in biofuel production. With additional research focused on reducing costs and improving sustainability, microalgae may play an important role in reducing elevated CO2, one of the main drivers of climate change.
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BATTINI, FERDINANDO. « ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MITIGATION IN DAIRY FARMS AND BIOGAS PRDUCTION FROM MANURE AND ENERGY CROP IN THE PO VALLEY ». Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6076.

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La tesi ha un filo logico che inizia con la quantificazione e caratterizzazione degli impatti ambientali della produzione del latte. La ricerca prosegue con l'analisi delle opzioni per mitigare questi impatti, tra cui la produzione di biogas da reflui zootecnici. Il passo successivo è stato quello di analizzare la sostenibilità ambientale della co-digestione della biomassa da colture dedicate e reflui zootecnici. La digestione anaerobica dei reflui zootecnici per la produzione di biogas e la sua combustione per produrre energia elettrica è risultata un approccio tecnologico efficace per ridurre le emissioni di gas serra in quanto riduce le emissioni dallo stoccaggio dei liquami e sostituisce la produzione di energia elettrica da combustibili fossili. La produzione di biogas da biomassa da colture dedicate, anche se non fornisce benefici ambientali di per sé, può essere considerata come una opzione per facilitare e incrementare la digestione dei reflui, ma la biomassa da colture dedicate deve essere utilizzato in modeste quantità. I risultati di questa tesi - realizzati utilizzando la metodologia LCA - possono aiutare i responsabili politici nella pianificazione delle misure volte ad aumentare la sostenibilità della produzione del latte e del biogas nelle aziende zootecniche.
The thesis has a logical thread that starts with the quantification and characterization of the environmental impacts of milk production. The research continues with the analysis of the options for mitigating these impacts, among which biogas production from manure results very effective. The next step was to analyse the environmental sustainability of co-digestion of manure and energy crops. The anaerobic digestion of manure to biogas and its combustion to produce electricity resulted as an effective technological approach to mitigate GHG emissions because it reduces the emissions from slurry storage and contributes to the displacement of electricity generation from fossil fuels. Biogas production from energy crops, although not providing environmental benefits per se, may be regarded as an option to facilitate and increase the digestion of manure, if allowed only in small shares. The results of this thesis – achieved using LCA methodology – can assist policy makers in the planning of measures aimed at increasing the sustainability of milk and biogas production from dairy farms.
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Livres sur le sujet "Environmental impacts mitigation"

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Elberling, Bo. Subsurface oxygen consumption : Environmental controls & impacts. [Copenhagen] : Kongelige Danske geografiske selskab, 2005.

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1961-, Hall Colin Michael, et Gössling Stefan, dir. Tourism and climate change : Impacts, adaptation & mitigation. New York : Routledge, 2012.

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Dominic, Moran, Adger W. Neil et Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, dir. Climate change and agriculture : Impacts, adaptation and mitigation. Paris : OECD, 2010.

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Rafi, Khan Shahrukh, dir. Environmental impacts and mitigation costs of cloth and leather exports from Pakistan. Islamabad : Sustainable Development Policy Institute, 1999.

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Yonge, David. Assessment and mitigation of potential environmental impacts of Portland cement concrete highway grindings. [Olympia, Wash.] : Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 2005.

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National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Stabilization Targets for Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Concentrations, dir. Climate stabilization targets : Emissions, concentrations, and impacts over decades to millennia. Washington, D.C : National Academies Press, 2011.

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Responding to climate change impacts : Adaptation and mitigation strategies as practised in the Zambezi River basin. Harare : Southern African Research and Documentation Centre, 2010.

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Ontario Hydro. BES Resources Planning Dept. System Planning Division. Impacts of the stricter acid gas emission regulation. [Toronto] : Ontario Hydro, BES Resources Planning Department, System Planning Division, 1986.

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Shonkoff, Seth B. Environmental health and equity impacts from climate change and mitigation policies in California : A review of the literature : final paper. Sacramento, Calif.] : California Energy Commission, 2009.

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California. Air Resources Board. Technical Support Division. et California. Air Resources Board. Office of Air Quality Planning and Liaison., dir. Assessment and mitigation of the impacts of transported pollutants on ozone concentrations within California : Staff report. [Sacramento] : State of California, Air Resources Board, 1990.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Environmental impacts mitigation"

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Zwahlen, Robert. « Mitigation ». Dans Assessing the Environmental Impacts of Hydropower Projects, 139–51. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91185-0_6.

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Bandopadhyay, Sukumar. « Mining in the Arctic : Mitigation and Remedial Measures ». Dans Environmental Impacts of Mining Activities, 229–44. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59891-3_14.

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Johansen, Poul, et Gert Asmund. « Pollution from Mining in Greenland : Monitoring and Mitigation of Environmental Impacts ». Dans Environmental Impacts of Mining Activities, 245–62. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59891-3_15.

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Lu, Bao-Rong. « Assessing environmental impact of pollen-mediated transgene flow. » Dans Gene flow : monitoring, modeling and mitigation, 1–25. Wallingford : CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247480.0001.

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Abstract Potential environmental impact caused by pollen-mediated transgene flow from commercially cultivated genetically engineered (GE) crops to their non-GE crop counterparts and to their wild and weedy relatives has aroused tremendous biosafety concerns worldwide. This chapter provides information on the concept and classification of gene flow, the framework of the environmental biosafety assessment caused by pollen-mediated gene flow, and relevant case studies about transgene flow and its environmental impact. In general, gene flow refers to the movement of genes or genetic materials from a plant population to other populations. Crop-to- crop transgene flow at a considerable frequency may result in transgene 'contamination' of non-GE crops, causing potential food/feed biosafety problems and regional or international trade disputes. Crop-to- wild/weedy transgene flow may bring about environmental impacts, such as creating more invasive weeds, threatening local populations of wild relative species, or affecting genetic diversity of wild relatives, if the incorporated transgene can normally express in the recipient wild/weedy plants and significantly alter the fitness of the wild/weedy plants and populations. It is therefore necessary to establish a proper protocol to assess the potential environmental impacts caused by transgene flow. Three steps are important for assessing potential environment impacts of transgene flow to wild/weedy relatives: (i) to accurately measure the frequencies of transgene flow: (ii) to determine the expression level of a transgene incorporated in wild/weedy populations; and (iii) to estimate the fitness effect (benefit or cost) conferred by expression of a transgene in wild/weedy populations. The recently reported case of non-random allele transmission into GE and non-GE hybrid lineages or experimental populations challenges the traditional method of estimating the fitness effect for the assessment of environmental impacts of transgene flow. Furthermore, case studies of transgenic mitigation (TM) strategies illustrate ways that may reduce the impacts of a transgene on wild/weedy populations if crop-to- wild/weedy transgene flow is not preventable, such as in the case of gene flow from crop rice to its co-occurring weedy rice.
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Ashenden, T. W., C. M. Stirling, H. Harmens et C. R. Rafarel. « Predicting the Impacts of Climate Change on Vegetation ». Dans Environmental Stress : Indication, Mitigation and Eco-conservation, 17–25. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9532-2_2.

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Ashmore, M. R., J. N. B. Bell, F. M. Marshall et E. Milne. « Air Pollution Impacts on Agriculture — A Global Issue ? » Dans Environmental Stress : Indication, Mitigation and Eco-conservation, 27–39. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9532-2_3.

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Kumar, Rahul, Amit Kumar et Purabi Saikia. « Deforestation and Forests Degradation Impacts on the Environment ». Dans Environmental Degradation : Challenges and Strategies for Mitigation, 19–46. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95542-7_2.

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Miller, C. Andrew, et Cynthia L. Gage. « Potential Adverse Environmental Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Strategies ». Dans Advances in Global Change Research, 377–415. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2_12.

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Parmar, Kavita, Vineeta Parmar et Purabi Saikia. « Remediation of Heavy Metal Pollutants of Industrial Effluents and Environmental Impacts ». Dans Environmental Degradation : Challenges and Strategies for Mitigation, 165–80. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95542-7_8.

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Saber, Mohamed, Omar Ahmed, Esmat A. Keheila, Mohamed Abdel-Moneim Mohamed, Sameh A. Kantoush, Mohammed Abdel-Fattah et Tetsuya Sumi. « Assessment of the Impacts of Groundwater Overdrafting on Water Quality and Environmental Degradation in the Fares Area, Aswan, Egypt ». Dans Natural Disaster Science and Mitigation Engineering : DPRI reports, 529–51. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2904-4_22.

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AbstractGroundwater contamination and the environmental impact of groundwater uprising due to overpumping are critical issues in Egypt. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the groundwater quality and the environmental impacts of groundwater uprising in the Fares area of Aswan, Egypt. The environmental impacts of the uprising groundwater level were investigated through field observations and chemical analyses of the surrounding water resources. The results revealed that the use of flood irrigation systems in the upper, newly reclaimed land area is the main cause of the uprising groundwater levels, which causes remarkable environmental degradation in the urban area. Thirty-three samples were collected and chemically analyzed from three groundwater wells. The chemical characterization of the groundwater at Well 1 drastically changed from NaHCO3 to NaCl within a short period of time due to overdrafting. The chemical concentrations of all parameters showed considerable increasing trends and exceeded the standard limits at Well 1. The study stated that the groundwater overdrafting causes extreme changes in the water quality within a very short period of time along with the impacts on the environment. This condition requires attention from decision makers, as the groundwater quality is continuously decreased and the environment is degraded.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Environmental impacts mitigation"

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« Economic and environmental impacts of greenhouse gas mitigation : An integrated assessment ». Dans 19th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2011.f5.newth.

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Basile, Christopher C., et Dhirendra S. Saxena. « Forensic Geotechnical Engineering Studies of Detection and Mitigation of Karst Sinkholes ». Dans 11th Multidisciplinary Conference on Sinkholes and the Engineering and Environmental Impacts of Karst. Reston, VA : American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41003(327)54.

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« Environmental Impacts of Iran Ferrosilicon Company and Mitigation Plans to Reduce the Adverse Effects ». Dans April 24-26, 2018 Pattaya (Thailand). Dignified Researchers Publication, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/dirpub2.dir0418205.

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Lee, S. J., H. J. Kim, J. H. Lee, J. H. Kim et J. S. Seo. « Prediction of underwater noise for environmental impacts : Evaluation of a commercial vessel and offshore structure ». Dans SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2010-t16.

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The study of the environmental impact of underwater noise has become increasingly visible. Recently, underwater noise regulation has become an international concern. Therefore, the mitigation of underwater noise emission in operation is an important factor in the design of environmentally friendly ship and offshore structures. As a shipbuilding company, in order to meet the increasing demand for an eco-friendly vessel, Samsung Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. has developed a standard procedure to estimate underwater noise in the initial design phase. This procedure can be used both to design a low-noise vessel and also to evaluate environmental impact. In this paper, the procedure employed to estimate underwater noise is presented with results from full-scale measurements.
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Gurluk, S., G. Atanur et O. Turan. « Environmental management options for mitigation of congestion impacts in the Atatürk Urban forest of Bursa, Turkey ». Dans SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING 2011. Southampton, UK : WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp110351.

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Uruena, Viviana Carolina Chala, Daniel Andres Lopez Sabogal et Laura Pulgarin Morales. « Mitigation Propousal for Environmental Impacts on the Water Resources Sourronding El Santuario Mine, Municipality of Ubalá ». Dans 2021 Congreso Internacional de Innovación y Tendencias en Ingeniería (CONIITI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/coniiti53815.2021.9619689.

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Guinda, Xabier, Araceli Puente, José A. Juanes, Francisco Royano, Felipe Fernández, Marco A. Vega, Andrés García et al. « AMBEMAR-DSS : A Decision Support System for the Environmental Impact Assessment of Marine Renewable Energies ». Dans ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78002.

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The high energy demand and the threat of climate change have led to a remarkable development of renewable energies, initially through technologies applied to the terrestrial environment and, recently, through the awakening of marine renewable energies. However, the development of these types of projects is often hampered by failure to pass the corresponding environmental impact assessment process. The complexity of working in the marine environment and the uncertainties associated with assessing the impacts of such projects make it difficult to carry out objective and precise environmental impact assessments. AMBEMAR-DSS seeks to establish a basis for understanding and agreement between the different stakeholders (project developers, public administrations, environmental organizations and the public in general), in order to find solutions that allow the development of marine renewable energies, minimizing their environmental cost. For this purpose, a DSS is proposed which, based on cartographic information and using objective and quantifiable criteria, allows comparative assessments and analyses between different project alternatives. The analytical procedures used by the system include, among others, hydrodynamic modeling tools and visual impact simulators. In addition, impacts on marine species are assessed taking into account intrinsic ecological and biological aspects. The magnitude of the impacts is quantified by means of fuzzy logic operations and the integration of all the elements is carried out by an interactive multi-criteria analysis. The results are shown in tables, graphs and figures of easy interpretation and can be also visualized geographically by means of a cartographic viewer. The system identifies the main impacts generated in the different phases of the project and allows establishing adequate mitigation measures in search of optimized solutions. The establishment of the assessment criteria has been based on the abundant, but dispersed, scientific literature on the various elements of the system and having the opinion of experts in the various fields. Nevertheless, the DSS developed constitutes a preliminary basis on which to build and improve a system with the input of researchers, promoters and experts from different disciplines.
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Gutknecht, Jessica. « Environmental quality benefits of winter hardy oilseeds ». Dans 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/vpcz3526.

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FGI is measuring carbon storage, soil health, and climate change mitigation of FGI crops in several ways, from direct soil measurements of carbon and soil health analysis to field scale budgeting of energy, water, and greenhouse gas fluxes. However, key gaps remain in understanding the magnitude of benefits from FGI crops, as well as the most reliable and scalable methods for assessing key climate responses in agriculture. One key project aims to quantify the carbon balance and field-scale soil health impacts of winter camelina in a corn- soybean rotation (annual grain and oilseed relay or double-crop system), and a Kernza® intermediate wheatgrass - alfalfa rotation (perennial forage and grain system).
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Buszynski, Mario E. « Environmental Mitigation Associated With the Installation of a Natural Gas Pipeline in the Vicinity of an Artesian Well ». Dans 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27136.

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In the fall of 2001, Enbridge Consumers Gas proposed to install a 190 mm extra-high pressure steel pipeline in proximity to an artesian well on the Oak Ridges Moraine in southern Ontario. This well is located within the Regional Municipality of Durham and it is used by over 300 persons per day as their drinking water source because of very high water quality. Potential impacts to drinking water quality have taken on greater importance because of the Walkerton tragedy, in which a number of people died from drinking contaminated municipal water. The Region of Durham was especially concerned because of the large number of people who use this artesian well as their drinking water source. The Region did not want to close the well during construction as this could be taken as an admission that construction might negatively impact water quality. At the same time, they wanted to ensure that water quantity and quality was maintained. SENES Consultants Limited (“SENES”) was retained to develop and implement an environmental management plan to ensure that no negative impacts would occur during construction. The plan involved characterization of the water-bearing zone in terms of depth, type of deposit and direction of flow, relative to the drinking water source. This was undertaken through the use of test pits, boreholes and piezometers. Potential construction impacts were identified. In this case, the natural gas pipeline was to be installed by a directional drill that injects bentonite (drilling mud) to provide lubrication and to keep the drill hole from collapsing. Mitigation measures related to containment of bentonite and fuel handling in the vicinity of the artesian well were prescribed. The rationale for directional drilling this section of the pipeline was to prevent erosion of the steep slopes and to undercross a watercourse. The water-bearing deposit consisted of a sandy-gravel layer that was found to occur at a depth of 3.65 meters. Every effort was made to maintain the drill hole for the pipeline above this depth. In addition to sampling the artesian well for chemical and bacterial parameters in advance of construction and upon completion of work in the vicinity, water from the artesian well and one of the piezometers was checked for turbidity every two hours. Other contingency plans included digging “burp-holes” to reduce the potential for bentonite frac-outs and having a water supply truck on stand-by should turbidity levels reach unacceptable levels. Construction proceeded smoothly. Minor frac-outs occurred and were appropriately contained. The turbidity readings and water quality samples taken before, during and post-construction confirmed that there were no negative impacts on the artesian well. The methods used on this project are directly applicable to other pipelines that may be constructed in the vicinity of artesian wells.
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Oliveira, Felipe, et Andreas Nascimento. « The importance of studies on the mitigation of environmental impacts in the Santos Basin region : focus on pre-salt oil and natural gas activities ». Dans II INTERNATIONAL SEVEN MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/homeinternationalanais-046.

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Abstract After the discovery of pre-salt and the beginning of oil extraction in the coastal region of Brazil, many studies are being developed on this subject, mainly focusing on the exploration and production activities of oil and natural gas. However, in addition to studies on the technology used to extract oil from the pre-salt region, studies are also being conducted on the impacts that this activity will have. This project aims toshow the importance of studies on the reduction of environmental impacts. These impacts occur in the entire coastal region covered by the pre-salt, however the work focuses on the Santos Basin region and the environmental impacts resulting from the exploration and production activities of oil and natural gas in that region. It is necessary to analyze the impacts on environmental sustainability, as well as the social and economic impacts. Through this study, an action plan can be created and implemented and implemented through public policies and by private companies.
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Environmental impacts mitigation"

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Alexander, Serena E., Mariela Alfonzo et Kevin Lee. Safeguarding Equity in Off-Site Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) Mitigation in California. Mineta Transportation Institute, novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2027.

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Historically, the State of California assessed the environmental impacts of proposed developments based on how it was projected to affect an area’s level of service (LOS). However, as LOS focused on traffic delays, many agencies simply widened roads, which was an ineffective way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). With the passage of Senate Bill (SB)743 in 2013, LOS was replaced by Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) as a more appropriate metric by which to gauge the environmental impacts of proposed development. Additionally, SB 743 presented an opportunity for off-site VMT mitigation strategies through banking and exchanges– allowing multiple development projects to fund a variety of strategies to reduce VMT elsewhere in the city or region. While the shift from LOS to VMT has generally been lauded, concerns remain about how to apply SB 743 effectively and equitably. This study aimed to: 1) understand how local governments are addressing this shift toward VMT while ensuring equity, including its approaches to off-site VMT mitigation; and 2) evaluate the various built environment factors that impact VMT, which should be considered by local governments, using both qualitative and quantitative research designs. The study posited that both micro and macro level aspects of the built environment needed to be considered when evaluating the impacts of proposed development on VMT, not only to ensure higher accuracy VMT models, but also because of the potential equity implications of off-site mitigation measures. Using multiple linear regression, the study shows that macroscale built environment features such as land use, density, housing, and employment access have a statistically significant impact on reducing VMT (35%), along with transit access (15%), microscale features such as sidewalks, benches, and trees (13%), and income (6%). More notably, a four-way interaction was detected, indicating that VMT is dependent on the combination of macro and micro level built environment features, public transit access, and income. Additionally, qualitative interviews indicate that transportation practitioners deal with three types of challenges in the transition to VMT impact mitigation: the lack of reliable, standardized VMT measure and evaluation tools; the lack of a strong legal foundation for VMT as a component of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA); and the challenge of distributing off-site VMT mitigation equitably. Overall, findings support a nuanced, multi-factor understanding of the context in which new developments are being proposed, both in terms of modeling VMT, but also when considering whether offsite mitigation would be appropriate. The results of this study can help California ensure equitable VMT mitigation that better aligns with the state’s climate goals.
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Kennedy, Alan, Andrew McQueen, Mark Ballentine, Brianna Fernando, Lauren May, Jonna Boyda, Christopher Williams et Michael Bortner. Sustainable harmful algal bloom mitigation by 3D printed photocatalytic oxidation devices (3D-PODs). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), avril 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43980.

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The impacts of Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB), often caused by cyanobacteria (Figure 1), on water resources are increasing. Innovative solutions for treatment of HABs and their associated toxins are needed to mitigate these impacts and decrease risks without introducing persistent legacy contaminants that cause collateral ecosystem impacts. This technical note (TN) identifies novel opportunities enabled by Additive Manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, to produce high surface area advanced material composites to rapidly prototype sustainable environmental solutions for aquatic nuisance species control. This innovative research explores deployment of 3D-printable polymer composite structures containing nano-scale photocatalysts for targeted open water treatment of HABs that are customizable to the site-of-concern and also retrievable, reusable, and sustainable. The approach developed to control cyanobacteria HAB events has the potential to augment or replace broadcast, non-specific chemical controls that otherwise put non-target species and ecological resources at long-term risk. It can also augment existing UV-treatment HAB treatment control measures. The expected research outcome is a novel, effective, and sustainable HAB management tool for the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and resource managers to deploy in their HAB rapid response programs. The research will provide a framework for scale-up into other manufacturing methods (e.g., injection molding) to produce the devices in bulk (quickly and efficiently). Research for this project title “Mitigation of Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins using 3D Printed Photocatalytic Materials (FY21-23)” was sponsored by the US Army Engineer Research Development Center’s (ERDC) Aquatic Nuisance Species Research Program (ANSRP).
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Galbraith, Mel, et Dan Blanchon. Biology is not Alone : The Interdisciplinary Nature of Biosecurity. Unitec ePress, septembre 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/pibs.rs12015.

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Recognition and management of anthropogenic environmental impacts as ‘biosecurity’ is a relatively new concept to our society. Although biosecurity risks are based on biological impacts, biosecurity management is truly interdisciplinary-transdisciplinary since the definition and interpretation of risk and adverse effects are socially constructed, and the outcomes and management of the risks can have significant social and economic impacts. The New Zealand biosecurity strategy is very clear that the responsibilities for environmental risk management lie with society as a whole. The authors explore how disciplines other than biology may contribute to the understanding of biosecurity risks, their management and mitigation. This paper outlines the interdisciplinary-transdisciplinary nature of biosecurity, with an emphasis on the social and economic elements.
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Marcos Morezuelas, Paloma. Gender, Forests and Climate Change. Inter-American Development Bank, mars 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003072.

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As users of forest products and guardians of traditional knowledge, women have always been involved in forestry. Nevertheless, their access to forest resources and benefits and participation in forest management is limited compared to mens despite the fact that trees are more important to women, who depend on them for their families food security, income generation and cooking fuel. This guide aims to facilitate the incorporation of a gender lens in climate change mitigation and adaptation operations in forests, with special attention to those framed in REDD. This guide addresses four themes value chains, environmental payment schemes, firewood and biodiversity that relate directly to 1) how climate change impacts affect women in the forest and 2) how mitigation and adaptation measures affect womens access to resources and benefits distribution.
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Fitzpatrick, Rachael, et Helen West. Improving Resilience, Adaptation and Mitigation to Cimate Change Through Education in Low- and Lower-middle Income Countries. Institute of Development Studies, mars 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.083.

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Climate resilience is the ability to anticipate, prepare for, and respond to hazardous events, trends, or disturbances related to climate (C2ES, 2022). Mitigation focuses on reducing the human impacts contributing to climate change (Burton, 2007, cited in Rousell & Cutter-Mackenzie-Knowles, 2020). Adaptation is about increasing people’s adaptive capacity, reducing the vulnerability of communities and managing risks (Anderson, 2012). Anderson further defines adaptation as not just being able to adapt from one stable climate to another but having the skills to adapt to uncertainty and make informed decisions in a changing environment. While ‘climate change’ is the term used throughout these briefs, it should be read as a shorthand for a more inclusive approach, which also captures associated environmental degradation. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warned, in their latest report, that global surface temperatures will continue to increase until 2050 (IPCC, 2021, p. 17). This will take place regardless of human intervention to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The report also warns that the traditional technocratic approaches are insufficient to tackle the challenge of climate change, and that greater focus on the structural causes is needed. High- and upper-middle-income countries have been persistently shown to be the biggest contributors to the global carbon dioxide emissions, with lower income countries facing the most disruptive climate hazards, with Africa countries particularly vulnerable (CDP, 2020; IPCC, 2021). The vulnerability of low-income contexts exacerbates this risk, as there is often insufficient infrastructure and resources to ensure resilience to climate hazards (IPCC, 2021). For decades, advocates of climate change education have been highlighting the potential of education to help mitigate against climate change, and support adaptation efforts. However, implementation has been patchy, with inconsistent approaches and a lack of evidence to help determine the most effective way forward.This paper is divided into three sections, drawing together evidence on the key aspects of system reform,green and resilient infrastructure and Curriculum, pedagogy, assessment and teacher development.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS INC IRVINE CA. Environmental Impact Analysis Process. Saipan (PACBAR) Radar Mitigation Status Report. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, août 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413441.

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Alexander, Serena, Asha Weinstein Agrawal et Benjamin Y. Clark. Local Climate Action Planning as a Tool to Harness the Greenhouse Gas Emissions Mitigation and Equity Potential of Autonomous Vehicles and On-Demand Mobility. Mineta Transportation Institute, janvier 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1818.

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This report focuses on how cities can use climate action plans (CAPs) to ensure that on-demand mobility and autonomous vehicles (AVs) help reduce, rather than increase, green-house gas (GHG) emissions and inequitable impacts from the transportation system. We employed a three-pronged research strategy involving: (1) an analysis of the current literature on on-demand mobility and AVs; (2) a systematic content analysis of 23 CAPs and general plans developed by municipalities in California; and (3) a comparison of findings from the literature and content analysis of plans to identify opportunities for GHG emissions reduction and mobility equity. Findings indicate that maximizing the environmental and social benefits of AVs and on-demand mobility requires proactive and progressive planning; yet, most cities are lagging behind in this area. Although municipal CAPs and general plans in California have adopted a few strategies and programs relevant to AVs and on-demand mobility, many untapped opportunities exist to harness the GHG emissions reduction and social benefits potential of AVs and on-demand mobility. Policy and planning discussions should consider the synergies between AVs and on-demand mobility as two emerging mobility trends, as well as the key factors (e.g., vehicle electrification, fuel efficiency, use and ownership, access and distribution, etc.) that determine whether deployment of AVs would help reduce GHG emissions from transportation. Additionally, AVs and on-demand mobility can potentially contribute to a more equitable transportation system by improving independence and quality of life for individuals with disabilities and the elderly, enhancing access to transit, and helping alleviate the geographic gap in public transportation services.
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Alexander, Serena, Asha Weinstein Agrawal et Benjamin Y. Clark. Local Climate Action Planning as a Tool to Harness the Greenhouse Gas Emissions Mitigation and Equity Potential of Autonomous Vehicles and On-Demand Mobility. Mineta Transportation Institute, janvier 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1818.

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This report focuses on how cities can use climate action plans (CAPs) to ensure that on-demand mobility and autonomous vehicles (AVs) help reduce, rather than increase, green-house gas (GHG) emissions and inequitable impacts from the transportation system. We employed a three-pronged research strategy involving: (1) an analysis of the current literature on on-demand mobility and AVs; (2) a systematic content analysis of 23 CAPs and general plans developed by municipalities in California; and (3) a comparison of findings from the literature and content analysis of plans to identify opportunities for GHG emissions reduction and mobility equity. Findings indicate that maximizing the environmental and social benefits of AVs and on-demand mobility requires proactive and progressive planning; yet, most cities are lagging behind in this area. Although municipal CAPs and general plans in California have adopted a few strategies and programs relevant to AVs and on-demand mobility, many untapped opportunities exist to harness the GHG emissions reduction and social benefits potential of AVs and on-demand mobility. Policy and planning discussions should consider the synergies between AVs and on-demand mobility as two emerging mobility trends, as well as the key factors (e.g., vehicle electrification, fuel efficiency, use and ownership, access and distribution, etc.) that determine whether deployment of AVs would help reduce GHG emissions from transportation. Additionally, AVs and on-demand mobility can potentially contribute to a more equitable transportation system by improving independence and quality of life for individuals with disabilities and the elderly, enhancing access to transit, and helping alleviate the geographic gap in public transportation services.
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Riley, Michael R., et Timothy W. Coats. Quantifying Mitigation Characteristics of Shock Isolation Seats in a Wave Impact Environment. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, janvier 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada622526.

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Simelton, Elisabeth, Rachmat Mulia, Clement Rigal, Tuan Minh Duong, Phuong Mai Nguyen, Hanna North et Xuan Hieu Le. Beyond carbon sequestration – local knowledge about tree functions. Case study from male and female Arabica coffee farmers in Vietnam. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21025.pdf.

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Estimates of carbon sequestration for timber trees is well documented, while fruit trees are understudied. The few existing estimates indicate that fruit trees and fertiliser management on them, can substantially sequester carbon in coffee monocultures, albeit unlikely to the same extent as timber trees. A carbon investor may thus favour timber. In this light, as programs for planting billions and trillion trees are launched “to save the climate”, a wide range of gender, social, justice and environmental concerns are voiced. To challenge the mitigation perspective, we contrasted two hypothetical tree planting strategies: a mitigation (carbon finance) perspective and a livelihoods-centred (local) perspective and explored what a rapid, gender and social inclusion-oriented livelihoods perspective could bring to the process of tree selection. The survey documents indigenous knowledge of trees’ potential (dis)benefits in coffee agroforestry systems among 106 female and male arabica-growers in northwest Vietnam. The results display many similarities between women and men in term of perceived benefits from trees. Women and men prioritized trees based on their economic benefits, impacts on coffee production and improved soil fertility. However, in determining the preferred species, women considered more factors, including consequences for pest and disease (on host tree or coffee), microclimate regulation and shade provision. These findings resemble those by others from the same region and demonstrate that consulting both women and men can result in a more diverse shortlist of potential trees for agroforestry/afforestation that reflect both genders’ economic and labour contributions to the household. Furthermore, tree planting projects would benefit from seeking collaboration for bundled ecosystem services, rather than merely from carbon finance. Conversely, carbon investors can rely on farmers’ preferences and rest assured that they also contribute to sequestering carbon.
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