Thèses sur le sujet « Entre droit positif et droit coutumier »
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Kadi, Omar el. « L'Arbitrage international entre le Droit musulman et le Droit positif français et égyptien ». Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594257j.
Texte intégralGadiaga, Cheikh. « La concurrence des systèmes juridiques en droit sénégalais de la famille : les coutumes, le droit musulman et le droit positif ». Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010326.
Texte intégralOmoali, Quionie. « Vers un modèle évolué de prise en charge des victimes des violences sexuelles basées sur le genre commises en période de conflits armés. Cas de la République Démocratique du Congo ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PAUU2156.
Texte intégralFor approximately 27 years, the Democratic Republic of the Congo has been plagued by armed conflicts, currently persisting in the eastern part of the country. Thousands have lost their lives, and women and girls have endured various and exceptional harms from sexual violence, compounded by stigma and social ostracization. Despite progressive national and international legal frameworks, impunity persists, denying victims access to the right to redress. The dysfunctional national judicial system, guided by conventional criminal and reparative principles, reveals the weakness of the domestic response to the implicated international crimes. In the context of transitional justice revival, traditional national approaches to criminal justice and reparations prove inadequate in the dual national and international setting. A unique comprehensive approach addressing international crimes, focusing on the autonomy of sexual violence as a weapon of war in the DRC, gives rise to a transitional justice mechanism encompassing both judicial and extrajudicial aspects. In a geopolitical landscape marked by UN disengagement and the erosion of international responsibility, the prospect of a judicial mechanism constructed with a crescendo approach to the internationalization or denationalization of concurrent jurisdiction between national courts (Judicial Special Chambers) and the Special Criminal Court for the DRC, an international tribunal, constitutes the innovation of this thesis
Falkowska, Martyna. « Entre conformisme et émancipation : le juge pénal international face à la coutume et aux principes généraux ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/249496.
Texte intégralDoctorat en Sciences juridiques
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Nehmé, Aline. « L'assurance entre loi islamique et droit positif : l'exemple des droits francais et libanais ». Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30044.
Texte intégralThe Islamic insurance, or Takaful, that first appeared in the seventies, is a subject that has an actual importance both in France and Lebanon. The Islamic insurance companies aim at working in these two countries whereas the contracts law as much as the enterprises law is dominated by the idea of secularism. Can we practice an activity mainly ruled by religious principles in countries where the substantive law is secular? Is the Takaful policy an insurance policy like any other conventional policy insurance? And are the Takaful companies insurance companies at the same level of all other conventional insurance companies? Indeed, the elements that are the basics of the conventional insurance contract are found in the Takaful policy, meaning the risk, the premium and the insurance benefit. These two contracts cover the similar risks, except for the objects and events considered as Haram and prohibited by Islam. As for the insurance companies Takaful, they are allowed to have the same form as any other conventional insurance society. Yet, their functioning is different from the abovementioned, due to their structuring into two distinct funds in addition to an operational mode appropriate to their needs. The audit made in conformity with the Islamic sharia imprints the Takaful insurance companies and strongly distinguishes them from the conventional insurance companies. Without any doubt, the idea rotates around how the substantive law accepts them. However, the concept of Takaful should be overcome
Thiam, Ibrahima Bocar. « Les conditions du mariage en droit mauritanien : entre la Shari'a et les coutumes halpoulars ». Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0691.
Texte intégralThis thesis on the conditions of the marriage in the Mauritanian right between the shari'a and the hal-poulare custom, analyzes not only the problem related to the implementation of the shari'a in the Mauritanian domestic right, but also to the influence of the cultural diversity of the population of Mauritania on the legal system of the country. Beyond the Mauritanian customs, widely applied in the rural zones where the tradition remains strictly respected, Islam should play a role in order to unify and to impose the homogeneous character of the right. Do the partisans of the customary marriage live in margin of the code of the Mauritanian personal status (CSPM) ? Essentially based on the shari'a, the Mauritanian matrimonial right remains dualist because of the resistance of the common law
Dupret, Baudouin. « Le jeu des répertoires juridiques positif et islamique en Egypte : le droit, entre théorie critique, sociologie et anthropologie ». Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996IEPP0025.
Texte intégralThis dissertation aims to contribute, in a sociological and anthropological perspective, to the study of legal and normative phenomena in what is traditionnally called the arab muslim world. The purpose was mainly to raise questions on the interplay of various legal repertoires in a single space, i. E. The one of arab societies which have islam as a religious tradition. In focusing on religious, political and legal repertoires, we tried to demonstrate that such a question has to be analysed in terms of change and complexity. The diachronical perspective (change) made it possible to milestone our way of proceeding in its method (anthropology) and its object (the norm, especially political and legal, and its relationship to religious reference). In the synchronical perspective (complexity), we attempted to organise our work around four main questions : (1) Shari'a as a legislative referring principle ; (2) the judge action when referring to the religious legal repertoire ; (3) representations the many actors can have of law, justice and their own action ; (4) the closure of the legal field and its repertoires in Egyptian society. Our conclusion tackles the notion of legal repertoire and what it means concerning the norm in terms of a formal ressource which various actors can be led to punctually fill with substance
Nyangui, N'Na Santia Mariel. « Le droit gabonais de la famille entre tradition et modernité ». Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1163.
Texte intégralDzeukou, Guy-Blaise. « Le juge entre coutume et loi dans le droit de la famille : essai sur le pluralisme juridique au Cameroun ». Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010259.
Texte intégralAllam, Hiba. « L' assurance dans les pays arabes du Moyen-Orient : entre Chari'a et droit positif ». Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020072.
Texte intégralFassatoui, Omar. « Biomédecine, religions et droit : étude comparative entre islam et judaïsme ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1032.
Texte intégralBiomedecine as a new form of medecine changed many social realities its original context. In others conttexts of the world where religion is present on a political and legal level, biomedecine can be more that problematic as it may be in contradiction with religious rules or religious consturctions of social realities. In all contexts, it' is up to the law to solve these problems and find a way to balance the need for medical solutions and religious and ethical issues
Tardieu, Aurélie. « Les relations entre normes conventionnelles et normes coutumières à la lumière de l'adage lex specialis derogat generali ». Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010319.
Texte intégralChassot, Laurent. « Juridicité et internormativité : les défis des droits pré-européens entre exception et globalisation : L'application au Vanuatu ». Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010312.
Texte intégralSamba, Christian Wilfrid. « Entre tradition et modernité : les mutations du contrôle social au Congo ». Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10065.
Texte intégralOn the whole, the black African societies experience the superposition of two social models which are structurally opposed : on the one hand, there is the traditional organisation, on the other hand, the administration or state model. Each social model has its own structure and mechanism thanks to which it is able to fight against the dangers and behaviours which can threaten the social order. Besides, the aim of this work is to reflect on the evolution of the different kinds of social control, that is to say on the way to cope with the social behaviours in the Congo-Brazzaville
Benhamouda, Mehdi. « La santé de la femme maghrébine entre droit et coutumes : aspects comparatifs ». Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083856.
Texte intégralOur subject is untitled the Heath of Maghrebi woman between right and practices. It is an universal subject. It is related to an anthropological approach of the Health of the woman through usual practices and through juridical structure which is self explanatory. Mauritania is with no doubt the Maghreb's country where customs and practices are the most applied. First of all, excision is the one of the most antic tradition already practiced during the Pharaon period. True social and juridical norm. Even religion could not prevent it to happen. Although, no mention is made in the Holy Coran. On the other hand, there is the force-feeding practice, dedicated to the high Maure society, the predominant ethnic group in the country. Purpose is to feed to the maximum the young lady before getting married. At least, slavery, which took place since the expansion time of Islam. Despite the fact that Muslim law does forbid slavery, Mauritania did use slaves for the past. The 2007 law comes at time to cease this practice. Other elements have and influence on the women's health like the conditions of delivery and the violence on which there are subjected. These aspects will be studied in the Maghreb other countries by including a new notion of organ's donation. A comparison will be made between France and Belgium. The purpose being to check if theses usual practices could be transferred to the Occident by the immigrated population and how the old continent reacts
Mosses, Morsen. « La rencontre entre les droits fondamentaux, notamment le droit à l'égalité des femmes et la coutume : le cas du Vanuatu comme exemple de pluralisme juridique ». Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26626.
Texte intégralLike its neighbouring Island Countries, Vanuatu is experiencing a situation of legal pluralism where several legal orders or legal systems (customary law, colonial law, statutory law) coexist. Based on an exegetical analysis, but more fundamentally on a feminist methodology, the thesis attemps to show that this legal pluralism constitutes, in many cases, an obstacle to human rights and also to international obligations of these Pacific Island Countries in the matter. Concerning the situation of women, the feminist methodology shows us that the law as a whole (legal system, legislation, case law and State institutions) and the customary law in particular are ineffective in some areas such as the one of the family, among other things, because they create inequalities and discriminations towards women or because they maintain the inequalities that have already existed between women and men. By doing so, the law not only perpetuates the subordination of women, but also maintains the domination of men. Like the feminist jurists however, we consider that the law cannot be put aside since it can constitute a powerful tool for social change. Thus, in the proposed solution to the issu observed, the thesis insists not only on the necessity of reaffirming the principle of universality of human rights (and also women’s right to equality), but it also proposes an innovative interpretation of the right to equality based on the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and the Canadian jurisprudence to better protect human rights, notably women’s rights in Vanuatu and in the Pacific region. The thesis also recommends the establishment of a national mechanism of human rights following Québec model considering the good performance of the province in terms of the protection and promotion of women’s rights. We thus hope that this thesis contributes to the advancement of knowledge in law by calling into question the existing legal order (or the neutrality of law) from a point of view centered on women and by putting forward an innovative interpretation of the right to equality in order to change or to improve the social relations between women and men in Vanuatu and in the Pacific region.
Barro, Mamadou. « Le droit matrimonial en Côte d'Ivoire 1901-2012. Entre unification législative et résistances coutumières ». Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR0002/document.
Texte intégralThe inefficiency of the positive law in Africa is considered as one of the underlying reasons of its underdevelopment and/or of its development malaise. The state of lawlessness that prevails in Côte d’Ivoire in marriage-related issues appears to be the case in point, being one of the most instructive and globalizing within the correlations between legal order and development in its widest sense. As a matter of fact, like in all of the former French colonies of French West Africa block, Côte d’Ivoire’s legal (at least, in a positivist sense) system is a product of its colonial past. Therefore, the legal systems in all these young African states are naturally inspired by the French law, through the channel of colonial law. However, Côte d’Ivoire’s solution differs from most of those of its fellow regional states. The new Ivorian government opted for an outright alignment of their law and the legal system with that of the former colonizer. For the civil law, this translated into the adoption of the French Code of 1804, taken for a token of development and social revolution, at the expense of countless civil customs considered to be incompatible with the new constitutional order and nation-building. Out of this political will of assimilation and legal unification - that has been ongoing in Côte d’Ivoire since independence - was born a true conflict of norms. On the one hand, a state law, especially in matrimonial matters, is prevalent but still strives to take root. On the other hand, civil customs that are still attractive bite into the credibility of the official law
Bikeye-Bi-Ndong, Ludmilia. « L'évolution générale de la justice gabonaise : entre le poids du passé et les difficultés actuelles ». Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUED003.
Texte intégralAmadou-Sonrhai, Oumarou. « Les rapports entre l'État et les collectivités locales au Niger : l'exemple de la communauté urbaine de Niamey ». Toulouse 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU10060.
Texte intégralThe approaches we followed is to show that there is a customary public low with had give an advantage to standardize the new rule inherited from colonisation. This customary public low has not been changed ; and the new rules did not favoured the community local low authority. The region with a measure of autonomy did not have full application of the low concerning decentralization. The new territorial redistricting will modify the relation between the traditional government and local authority. There is the idea of consultation, election, and participation. The population must develop their own locality. Niger did not find the best way for his development, and he needs a new deal call "nouvelle gouvernance". This new rule will bring stability, best control, and management. We most re-form the administration and find a balance to, start on a basic system : democracy for local population. The decentralization will change the situation ; some other actors will share the power with the government. They will lead their own policy in their locality
Razafindratsima, Fara Aina. « Entre droit français et coutumes malgaches : les magistrats de la Cour d'appel de Madagascar (1896-1960) ». Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10069.
Texte intégralFrom 1896 to 1960, Madagascar remained under French domination, first as a colony, then as a territoire d'outre-mer, finally as a member of the Communauté française. One of the most important elements of the « mission » of the colonizer was to assure the administration of justice. French policy consisted in introducing into the judiciary organization French judges whose task it was to bring to the country Western values, thus playing an important role in colonial domination. They were obliged, however, at the same time, to respect certain traditional native institutions. Their decisions also concerned the recently settled European population of Madagascar, for whom French metropolitan law had to be specially adapted.There were therefore three tasks to be accomplished by the judges of the Court of Appeals of Madagascar : to implement a special law to the French population, to implement their customary laws to the indigenous population and implement the law of metropolitan France, « eminent symbol of French culture », to that indigenous population. In practice, despite the difficulties encountered and the limits imposed on them, the judges managed these delicate tasks rather well. In confidently granting themselves all the liberty necessary to their function, the judges managed to satisfy the various communities in Madagascar, while remaining faithful to colonial policy
Cousineau, Julie. « L'anonymat des dons de gamètes et d'embryons au Québec et au Canada : Essai théorique sur l'internormativité entre le droit positif et l'éthique de la sollicitude dans la résolution du conflit ». Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104729.
Texte intégralS'il existe un consensus sur la transmission de renseignements médicaux et génétiques aux enfants issus d'un don d'engendrement, la divulgation d'informations nominatives continue de semer la controverse. Tant à l'égard de l'enfant en quête d'un droit aux origines, du donneur désirant le respect de son anonymat et de sa vie privée ou des parents qui aspirent au secret entourant le mode de conception de leur enfant. La problématique devient d'actualité en raison, notamment, du fait que depuis près de vingt ans de plus en plus de pays décident de mettre fin à l'exigence de non divulgation de l'identité du géniteur. Les cadres législatifs canadien et québécois persistent quant à eux à maintenir la philosophie de l'anonymat du tiers donneur. Le choix de favoriser soit l'anonymat des donneurs, soit la quête de l'enfant quant à ses origines a des conséquences importantes pour tous les acteurs du don de gamètes ou d'embryons. En découle des affrontements de valeurs et des débats où l'incertitude liée au "bon choix législatif", dans l'optique où nous pouvions considérer l'une ou l'autre des positions comme étant la meilleure, requiert de s'attarder aux fondements du processus décisionnel. Cela implique nécessairement une réflexion allant au-delà du seul législateur et engageant cette normativité qu'est l'éthique. Ainsi, en contexte de pluralisme normatif, comment trouver un juste équilibre entre les droits et intérêts des enfants issus de la procréation assistée, ceux des donneurs de matériel reproductif ainsi que ceux du couple y ayant recours, et maximiser les avantages de la procréation assistée tout en réduisant au minimum ses conséquences négatives? Dans la lignée du cadre d'analyse retenu par la Commission royale sur les nouvelles technologies de la reproduction (Canada, 1993), nous proposons une étude des phénomènes d'internormativité entre la règle de droit positif que doit adopter l'État (dont la légitimité régulatrice est affirmée) et l'éthique de la sollicitude. Cette internormativité est l'instrument théorique permettant des échanges et une inter influence entre les différents types de norme. Se basant sur l'empathie et la responsabilité, l'éthique de la sollicitude a d'intéressant qu'elle définit la personne non pas uniquement en rapport à ses droits, mais dans sa relation avec autrui. C'est un élément vital de la problématique sous étude où les acteurs demeurent inter reliés sous différents angles, que celui-ci soit juridique, affectif, sociologique ou biologique. Au-delà des considérations morales, cela nous amène à considérer la responsabilité de chacun selon un nouvel angle de réflexion tout en cherchant à démontrer l'impact de ce dernier sur la règle de droit positif. L'éthique de la sollicitude reposant sur l'interdépendance des rapports entre individus, l'enfant en étant ici le point de mire, nous en remarquons l'apparition à deux niveaux dans la problématique : en premier lieu dans le rapport parents – enfant quant au secret sur le mode de conception puis, dans le lien donneur – enfant relativement à l'obtention d'informations nominatives. Enfin, partant de l'hypothèse que l'éthique de la sollicitude peut être un instrument pertinent pour guider le législateur, nous effectuons une étude comparatiste des lois canadienne et québécoise avec celles de la France et du Royaume-Uni. S'interroger sur une modification potentielle de la loi implique de regarder des législations qui l'ont fait en abolissant l'anonymat ou qui y songent. De longue date, la France et le Royaume-Uni furent des précurseurs dans l'encadrement juridique de la procréation assistée. L'un des objectifs du recours au droit comparé est donc d'analyser comment éthique et droit interagissent dans le cadre du conflit, se manifestant dans diverses approches législatives. Cela nous permet ultimement de mieux comprendre, commenter et critiquer les positions adoptées par le Canada et le Québec.
Fahandej-Saadi, Ardavan. « L’interaction entre la souveraineté des Etats et les droits de la personne humaine : vers la responsabilité de protéger ». Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100199.
Texte intégralThrough crystallization of the right and responsibility to intervene to protect the international community tries to bridge the gap between morality and legality of the interference for the protection of human rights. As interference in human protection purposes, since the end of the Cold War, found a legal basis for customary and does not correspond to an exceptional act may be justified in certain circumstances. With this approach, in case of failure of the Security Council in the implementation of military interference, regional organizations could without authorization "prior" and "precise" Security Council, commit armed interference. The study of the legal status of the UN and practices since the end of the Cold War, shows that if the right of intervention and the responsibility to protect has not yet found a foundation "live" in international conventions, however, they can find a legal basis in customary international law. Indeed, analysis of the value of UN resolutions and customary law elements of interference and the responsibility to protect demonstrate how resolutions 43/131 and 45/100 of the General Assembly inaugurated the process the right of intervention and the responsibility to protect. And since the 1990s, the practice of the Security Council, illustrated by a large number of resolutions that led to the implementation of operations just as many, and the practice of States and regional organizations to provide a legal body interference for human protection and leave no doubt about the legal nature of the latter
Djoko, Noubissi Eunice. « Essai d'universalisation du principe d'égalité entre époux : analyse comparative à la lumière des droits français et camerounais ». Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010297.
Texte intégralThe attempt to universalize the principle of equality consists of analysing it none as static, but as a dynamic concept. It is its openness to a variety of interpretations taking into consideration the needs and aspirations of each society. If that approach contributes to enrich the concept, it wouldn't lead to empty its content. That is the main challenge of this study, which, probably imperfectly has tried to find means and ways, allowing both the affirmation of the universality of the principle of equality and taking into consideration local particularities. Equality between spouses, because it is grounded in the thinking behind the idea of family, makes the task difficult. Indeed, family has a profound anchorage in the mainstream thinking, and discussions around it are rarely conducted without passions and ideologies. To that, one should add that economic, political and sociocultural considerations which build up a symbolic world, and so affecting the interpretation in concreto of the principle of equality between spouses. One thing for should be kept in mind: only diverse and varied contributions could give all its meaning to the universality of the principle of equality, which to some extent, is a rich and beautiful conquest. Even if implementation difficulties of the principle remain to deal with, there are more important when its transposition is envisaged in other geographical areas. Thus, there is a necessity of prudence and the requirement of some subtility. The charm of the principle of equality could reside perhaps in the fact that it is in a constant evolution
Deshaies, Mélanie. « La contribution du tribunal pénal international pour l'ex-Yougoslavie au développement des sources du droit international public : le dilemme normatif entre droit international classique et droit international pénal ». Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2374.
Texte intégralThis thesis studies the contribution by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former- Yugoslavia ("ICTY") to the development of Public International Law. Specifically, it analyses the normative dilemma between sources ofClassic International Law - correlated to the will ofStates, as wel/ as legal formalism - and the "International law ofsubstantial unity" - which codifies the Kantian myth of ''peace by law" and moves the classic idea of legality from formalism to legitimacy by using ethical references. The analysis assumes Law's retroactive effect on its sources and considers ideological movements of Contemporary International Law in the jurisprudence of the ICTY. The thesis concludes to a clash between ICTYabstractfindings related to sources ofInternationallaw and the actual "day-by-day" normative practices ofthe Tribunal. While the first brings into play Classic International Law and the rule of law, the second looks more like a neo-naturalism, fashioned by moral and ethical values.
"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maîtrise en droit - option recherche(LL.M)"