Thèses sur le sujet « Enterococcus faecali »
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PEREGO, FEDERICA. « DEXTRAN-SHELLED OXYGEN-LOADED NANODROPLETS PROMOTE ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS KILLING AND REDUCE MACROPHAGES-MEDIATED INFLAMMATION ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/889850.
Texte intégralBackground: Chronic wounds represent nowadays an increasing social and economic burden in developed countries, especially in the elderly, due to the lack of effective and low-cost treatments. In the hypoxic and inflammatory milieu of non-healing ulcers, macrophages are unable to switch from the M1 pro-inflammatory to the M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. Moreover, they counteract overlapping infections by phagocyting and killing bacteria with different mechanisms, among which the production of oxygen and nitrogen radicals. Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a commensal Gram-positive bacterium, usually found in gastrointestinal tract, able to infect wounds and to develop high resistance to antibiotics. Since dextran-shelled oxygen-loaded nanodroplets (OLNDs), carriers able to release oxygen in a time-sustained manner, were proposed as tools able to counteract hypoxia in endothelial cells and monocytes, the aim of this work was to investigate their effects on macrophages-mediated killing of E. faecalis, and to evaluate their modulation of the inflammatory milieu, both in normoxia and hypoxia. Methods: Cytotoxicity of OLNDs and OFNDs (oxygen-free nanodroplets) on murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and human leukemic monocytes differentiated into macrophages by PMA (dTHP-1) was evaluated by MTT assay. FITC-conjugated OLNDs internalization in cytoplasm was analyzed by fluorescent microscopy. Effects of nanodroplets on E. faecalis ATCC 29212, was evaluated by MIC and MBC. The production of oxygen and nitrogen radicals were evaluated using the fluorescent dye H2DCFDA and the Griess assay, respectively. E. faecalis phagocytosis and killing were evaluated counting infected macrophages on Giemsa-stained slides or CFUs after the antibiotic protection assay and subsequent 24 hours of treatment. The production of inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors was evaluated by ELISA. All the experiments were performed in normoxia or hypoxia. Results: Nanodroplets were not toxic up to the concentration of 10% v/v and were internalized by both murine and human macrophages. They did not interfere with bacterial growth and viability. ROS and NO levels were induced in BMDM in presence of OLNDs, while dTHP-1 killing mechanisms were not affected by nanodroplets. Given the increase in NO and ROS in the presence of NDs, as expected, E. faecalis killing by murine macrophages was improved by OLNDs and OFNDs. No differences were observed between OLNDs and OFNDs indicating that the effects were probably due to the outer dextran shell of the NDs. On the contrary, dTHP-1-mediated killing was not affected by nanodroplets. In the second part of the work, the effects of nanodroplets on inflammatory and angiogenic mediators was evaluated in E. faecalis infected dTHP-1. OLNDs and OFNDs exerted an anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNFalpha in normoxia and hypoxia. Again, no differences between OLNDs and OFNDs effects were observed. Differently VEGF, as expected, was induced by hypoxia and, only OLNDs were able to restore a normoxia-like phenotype reducing VEGF secretion and confirming the release of oxygen by OLNDs. Conclusions: We further confirmed the potential of OLNDs as innovative tools for chronic wounds by deciphering their dual role in improving bacterial killing and reducing inflammatory response by macrophages.
Sumi, Jáuregui Ada Elizabeth. « Transferencia de plásmidos con resistencia a antibióticos en especies de Enterococcus provenientes del mar de Lima ». Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 2008. http://www.cybertesis.edu.pe/sisbib/2008/sumi_ja/html/index-frames.html.
Texte intégralThe genus Enterococcus is recognized as being of fecal origin but have a wide distribution in nature, they can be found in soil, water, plants and food products, being able to survive in low-enriched media. Studies on these microorganisms usually affect their appearance and clinical resistance to antibiotics, and there are some who are placed in an environmental context, evaluating methods of detection or enumeration in waters for recreational use. It is increasing the importance of this microorganism as a causative agent of infections acquired in hospitals, but the interest in this kind of study lies in its high natural resistance to multiple antimicrobials and their ability to acquire and transfer the resistance. Despite that Enterococcus is a microorganism introduced to the marine ecosystem by contamination with organic wastes, there are few reports on studies of antimicrobial resistance of the Enterococcus genus water samples from the sea, being necessary to this type of research that allows us to know the importance of these microorganisms in these environments
Sumi, Jáuregui Ada Lizbeth. « Transferencia de plásmidos con resistencia a antibióticos en especies de Enterococcus provenientes del mar de Lima ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/907.
Texte intégralThe genus Enterococcus is recognized as being of fecal origin but have a wide distribution in nature, they can be found in soil, water, plants and food products, being able to survive in low-enriched media. Studies on these microorganisms usually affect their appearance and clinical resistance to antibiotics, and there are some who are placed in an environmental context, evaluating methods of detection or enumeration in waters for recreational use. It is increasing the importance of this microorganism as a causative agent of infections acquired in hospitals, but the interest in this kind of study lies in its high natural resistance to multiple antimicrobials and their ability to acquire and transfer the resistance. Despite that Enterococcus is a microorganism introduced to the marine ecosystem by contamination with organic wastes, there are few reports on studies of antimicrobial resistance of the Enterococcus genus water samples from the sea, being necessary to this type of research that allows us to know the importance of these microorganisms in these environments.
Tesis
Roberts, Gretta. « Glycoprotein utilisation by enterococcus faecalis ». Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412446.
Texte intégralBarros, Mariana Vilhena. « Infeções nosocomiais por enterococcus faecalis ». Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4512.
Texte intégralAs infeções nosocomiais são consideradas um problema mundial de saúde pública. A sua disseminação tem contribuído para aumento das taxas de mortalidade e morbilidade, a maioria das vezes devido às limitadas ou mesmo inexistentes opções terapêuticas. Enterococcus faecalis é uma bactéria Gram-positiva, anaeróbia facultativa, presente na flora comensal do trato gastrintestinal de humanos e animais. Apesar da sua suposta inocuidade, nas últimas décadas E.faecalis tem-se revelado um patogénio oportunista, representando a segunda e a terceira maior causa de infeções hospitalares a nível mundial. Esta bactéria é apontada como uma das principais causas de endocardites, bacteremias, infeções do trato urinário, intra-abdominais e de feridas contraídas em hospitais. As suas caraterísticas fisiológicas permitem-lhe sobreviver a altas temperaturas, a elevados valores de pH e concentrações salinas. Esta bactéria resiste também em ambientes hostis, em situações de subnutrição, de stress oxidativo e às técnicas tradicionais de limpeza. Apresenta inúmeros fatores de virulência nomeadamente proteínas de superfície, enzimas hidrolíticas e capacidade de formação de biofilmes, o que auxilia esta bactéria a invadir, colonizar e infetar tecidos hospedeiros. Enterococcus faecalis exibe uma resistência intrínseca a algumas classes de antibióticos como β-lactâmicos, lincosamidas, trimetropim-sulfametoxazol, fluoroquinolonas e baixas concentrações de aminoglícosídeos. Devido à sua capacidade mutagénica e adaptativa, este microrganismo desenvolve e adquire novas resistências, através de mutações cromossomais ou por transferência de genes. Como é o caso do gene vanA e vanB, que lhe conferem resistência à vancomicina (VRE). E.faecalis tem-se revelado uma constante ameaça de vida em todo o mundo, por isso é urgente controlar a disseminação desta bactéria. É importante desenvolver novos métodos terapêuticos, tendo em conta a ineficácia dos atuais e aplicar estratégias, a nível hospitalar, que diminuam ao máximo a transmissão do microrganismo. The nosocomial infections are nowadays a worldwide issue in terms of health. Its dissemination has been the cause of the rising of mortality and disease rates, most of the time due to limited or even nonexistent therapeutic options. Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive anaerobic facultative bacterium witch is found in the flora of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. Despite its alleged harmlessness, lately E.faecalis has been proved to be an opportunistic pathogen, representing the second and the third leading cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. This bacterium is being pointed as a mainly cause of endocarditis, fast progressing bacteremia may present, urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal and wounds contracted in hospitals. Its physiological characteristics allows this bacterium to survive at high temperatures, high PH values and highly concentration salts. It can also resist in hostiles environments such as malnutrition, oxidative stress and traditional cleaning technics. It feature numerous virulence factors including surface proteins, hydrolytic enzymes and ability of biofilm formation, which helps the bacterium to invade, colonize and infect the host tissue. Enterococcus faecalis displays an intrinsic resistance to some classes of antibiotics such as β-lactam, lincosamides, trimetropim-sulfamethoxazole, fluoroquinolones and low concentration of aminoglycosides. Due to its mutagenic capacity and adaptive skills, this micro-organism develops and acquires new resistances, through chromosome mutations or by genetic transferences e.g. gene vanA e vanB, witch confers resistance to Vancomycin (VRE). E. faecalis has proved a constant threat of life throughout the world, so there is an urgent need to control the spread of this bacteria by developing new therapeutic methods, having regard to the ineffectiveness of current ones and looking for new strategies inside hospitals that will reduce as much as possible the transmission of the micro-organism.
Böttcher, Daiana Elisabeth. « Avaliação do efeito da presença do biofilme de Enterococcus faecalis no canal radicular sobre a manutenção da substantividade da clorexidina a 2% : estudo in vitro ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/110768.
Texte intégralIntroduction: The aim of this study was to correlate the bacterial viability and the presence of 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) on dentin by means of confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for 48 hours, 7 and 30 days. Methods: One hundred twenty three extracted human teeth were used. Samples were divided into 4 groups according to the solution (CHX or saline) and the presence of Enterococus faecalis biofilm. Samples were kept in contact with 5mL of the solution for 5 minutes. Each group was divided into 3 subgroups according to the evaluation period (n = 10). Statistical analysis was performed by using the Kruskal- Wallis, Mann-Whitney U tests (P < .05) and Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient (P < .01). Results: There was a negative correlation between the percentage of live cells and the amount of remaining CHX (P = .000). CHX significantly reduced the percentage of viable cells compared to saline after 48 hours (P = .007). Differences were maintained in the 7-day evaluation (P = .001). After 30 days, CHX group presented an increase of viable cells, thereby becoming similar to saline (P = .623). Simultaneously, remaining CHX significantly reduced in the 30-day specimens (P = .000). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that 2% CHX solution was detected for 48 hours and 7 days, keeping a low percentage of viable cells. The presence of microorganisms on human dentin did not affect 2% chlorhexidine maintenance.
Tse, Chee-choong Micheal, et 謝志聰. « Effect of ultrasonic agitation on enterococcus faecalis biofilm ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45165993.
Texte intégralAbadía, Patiño Lorena. « Caractérisation de l'opéron vanE chez Enterococcus faecalis BM4405 ». Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077001.
Texte intégralDiederich, Ann-Kristin [Verfasser], et Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Hübner. « Membrane lipids of Enterococcus faecalis as microbial pathogens ». Freiburg : Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1119452708/34.
Texte intégralNeto, Manoel Matos. « Avaliação in vitro da eficácia de técnicas endodônticas de preparo mecânico na redução de Enterococcus faecalis ». Universidade de Taubaté, 2007. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=483.
Texte intégralThe objects of mechanical preparation are to model root canals and reduce the number of microorganisms present in them. For this purpose, endodontic instruments made of stainless steel or nickel-titanium alloys are used. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of three systems of mechanical preparation for reducing the counting of Enterococcus faecalis inside root canals. To do this, 24 single rooted human teeth were used, divided into three groups: G1 instrumentation with the ProTaper rotary system, G2 with the manual ProTaper system and G3 manual Kerr type files. The root canals were contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis, and after biofilm had formed, they were submitted to mechanical preparation. The colony forming units were counted before and after instrumentation and the percentage of reduction was calculated. The results demonstrated that all the systems significantly reduced the number of microorganisms inside the root canal. However, when the reduction promoted by the systems was compared among them, there was no significant difference. The study confirmed the efficacy of mechanical preparation, however, none of the assessed systems was superior to the other for reducing the number of microorganisms inside root canals.
Arruda, Theodora Thays Prado. « Perfil de sensibilidade de cepas planctÃnicas e biofilmes de enterococcus faecalis frente a desafios antimicrobianos ». Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=441.
Texte intégralEnterococcus faecalis foi sugerido como sendo um importante agente etiolÃgico do insucesso endodÃntico. Foi encontrado no sistema de canais radiculares em um percentual de 22% a 77% e foi associado com a formaÃÃo de estruturas chamadas biofilmes. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, in vitro, a efetividade de cimentos endodÃnticos, hipoclorito de sÃdio a 2,5% e soluÃÃo do Ãleo essencial da Lippia sidoides a 0,5% na eliminaÃÃo de biofilmes de E. faecalis. Material clÃnico foi coletado de 37 pacientes com infecÃÃes crÃnicas do canal radicular e 14 cepas de Enterococcus faecalis foram isoladas (37,8%). Biofilmes de uma cepa de coleÃÃo de cultura (ATCC) e de uma cepa clÃnica multiresistente (Isolado 12) foram incubados por 8 dias. Esse perÃodo foi selecionado baseado em estudo cronolÃgico do desenvolvimento de biofilmes de Enterococcus faecalis atravÃs de Microscopia de ForÃa AtÃmica. Foi verificado que houve uma reduÃÃo significativa no nÃmero de bactÃrias quando os biofilmes foram expostos aos cimentos endodÃnticos em relaÃÃo ao controle para as duas cepas testadas (p<0.001). Analisando a cepa ATCC, foi verificado que o cimento endodÃntico Epiphany apresentou aÃÃo similar ao cimento Endofill (p>0.05); resultado semelhante foi encontrado para o isolado 12. Quando a susceptibilidade das cepas frente aos cimentos endodÃnticos foi comparada verificou-se que o Isolado 12 foi menos susceptÃvel comparado à cepa ATCC (p<0.001). Observou-se que a soluÃÃo do Ãleo essencial de Lippia siodides a 0,5% apresentou aÃÃo similar ao hipoclorito de sÃdio a 2,5% quando os biofilmes das duas cepas foram expostos por 10 minutos a essas substÃncias (p<0.001). Comparando a susceptibilidade das duas cepas Ãs soluÃÃes testadas, nÃo houve diferenÃa entre elas (p>0.05)
Enterococcus faecalis has been suggested to be an important etiological agent in endodontic failure. It has been found in the root canal system in a perceptual ranging from 22% to 77% and it has been associated to organisms structured in biofilms. The aim of the present study was to evaluate, in vitro, the effectiveness of endodontic sealers, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, and 0.5% Lippia sidoides essential oil in eliminating E. faecalis biofilms. Clinical material was collected from 37 patients with root canal chronic infections and 14 Enterococcus faecalis strains were isolated (37.8%). Biofilms from a reference (ATCC) and a clinical multirresistant strain (isolate 12 ) were grown for 8 days. This period was selected based on a chronological study of the Enterococcus faecalis biofilm development through Atomic Force Microscopy. It was verified that there was a significant reduction of the bacteria number when the biofilms were exposed to the endodontic sealers related to the control for the two tested strains (p<0.001). Analyzing the ATCC strain, it was seen that the Epiphany endodontic sealer presented similar action compared to Endofill (p>0.05), similar result was found for Isolate 12. When the strains susceptibilities against the sealers was compared it was verified that the isolate 12 was less susceptible than the ATCC strain (p<0.001). It was verified that the 0.5% essential oil solution of Lippia siodides presented a similar action to 2.5% sodium hypochlorite when the biofilm of ATCC strain and isolate 12 were exposed for 10 minutes to this substances (p<0.001). Comparing the susceptibility of the two strains to the solutions tested, there was no difference between them (p>0.05)
Andrade, Aurimar de Oliveira. « Enterococcus faecalis : fatores de virulência relacionados aos processos de natureza endodôntica ». Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8888.
Texte intégralO objetivo principal deste estudo foi investigar a interação de 24 cepas de E. faecalis isoladas de infecções endodônticas primárias às proteínas de matriz dentinária, como também a moléculas de matriz presentes em lesões de endocardites. A análise desta interação foi feita através de técnica enzimática, com confirmação pela técnica de fluorescência. Além disto, foi realizada a confirmação do isolamento da espécie E. faecalis, através da técnica de PCR para o gene 16SrRNA e a análise da presença de genes de virulência da referida espécie microbiana para aderência às supostas proteínas de matriz incluindo às de ligação ao colágeno (ace, gelE, esp, agg e efaA). O maior padrão de interação das cepas ocorreu com a fibronectina (83,4%), seguido pelo fibrinogênio (62,5%) e colágeno humano tipo I (52%). Curiosamente, a aderência observada para o colágeno do tipo I, foi de pequena magnitude, quando comparado com a amostra padrão da ATCC 29212. As cepas ATCC 29212, A1, A43 e A68 interagiram com todas as proteínas de matriz utilizadas neste estudo. Um percentual expressivo das cepas testadas apresentou amplificação para efaA (86,9%) e para ace (73,9%). Paralelamente, todas as cepas apresentaram amplificação para gelE e foram negativas para os genes agg e esp. Adicionalmente, não houve correlação entre a detecção dos genes de virulência e a interação às proteínas de matriz, evidenciando que, mesmo com a detecção dos genes nas amostras, se faz necessário avaliar a expressão gênica por qPCR.
The main objective of this study was to investigate the interaction of 24 E. faecalis strains isolated from primary endodontic infections with dentin matrix proteins, as well as to the matrix molecules present in endocarditis lesions. The analysis of this interaction was made by enzyme assay, with confirmation by the fluorescence technique. In addition, confirmation of the isolation of the species E. faecalis was performed by PCR for 16S rRNA gene and the analysis of the presence of virulence genes for matrix proteins including type I collagen (ace, gelE, esp , agg and efA). The strains interacted mostly with fibronectin (83.4%), followed by fibrinogen (62.5%) and human collagen type I (52%). Interestingly, the adhesion to type I collagen occurred in small magnitude, when compared with the E. faecalis type strain ATCC 29212. The strains ATCC 29212, A1, A43 and A68 interacted with all matrix proteins investigated in this study. A significant percentage of the tested strains showed amplification for efaA (86.9%) and ace (73.9%). In parallel, all strains showed amplification for gelE and were negative for the genes esp and agg. Additionally, there was no correlation between the detection of virulence genes and the interaction with matrix proteins, showing that even with the detection of genes in a particular strain, it is necessary to evaluate the gene expression by qPCR.
Yerena, Huescas Cristopher Gerardo. « Detecção de CRISPRs em Enterococcus faecalis e Enterococcus faecium e bacteriófagos PHI2AB, PHI3AB e PHI4A de Enterococcus faecalis isolados a partir de amostras alimentares, animais e clínicas ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/157987.
Texte intégralIntroduction. The CRISPR are small portions of DNA consisting of nucleotide repeats. There are three types of CRISPRs recognized: CRISPR-associated genes cas: CRISPR1-CAS and CRISPR3-CAS and a orphan locus lacking cas genes: CRISPR2. Bacteriophages are viral particles that infect bacterial. The bacteriophages SAP6, IME-EF1, BC-611 and F4 are found in E. faecalis as well as FL1ABC, FL2AB, FL3AB, FL4A. Objectivy: To Identify and to characterize CRISPRs genes and bacteriophage genes in E. faecalis and E. faecium isolated from food, clinical and animal fecal samples. Materials and methods. A total of 153 DNA samples were used, 98 from E. faecalis and 55 from E. faecium. The PCR technique using primers was used to detect the genes CRISPR1-Cas, CRISPR2, CRISPR3-cas and bacteriophages, followed the agarose gel electrophoresis. Results. To E. faecalis was detected 58 isolates that amplified the CRISPR1-Cas genes, 87 to CRISPR2 and 13 to CRISPR3-Cas. To E. faecium was detected 4 isolates positive to CRISPR1-Cas gene, 18 to CRISPR2 e 1 to CRISPR3-CAS. The FL2AB bacteriophage was detected in 13 isolates of E. faecalis; the FL3AB bacteriophage in 13 isolates of E. faecalis and the FL4A in 28 isolates of E. faecalis. Conclusion. In this work, we found out different proportions and distributions of CRISPRs genes in E. faecalis e E. faecium. The FL4A bacteriophage showed a high frequency among the bacteriophages tested.
Conde, Estévez David. « Factores de riesgo para la adquisición de Bacteriemia por Enterococcus faecalis y Enterococcus faecium ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284486.
Texte intégralNosocomial infections are a common cause of increased hospital stay, health care costs and mortality. Currently, the Enterococcus spp. is one of the most common microorganisms involved in nosocomial infections. Often these infections are difficult to treat because of the multiple resistances of these microorganisms to conventional antibiotics. The literature on infections caused by this microorganism is limited. This problem is more pronounced when it comes to know the characteristics of infections in specific locations, as is the case of bacteraemia. It is widely known that E. faecalis have an increased susceptibility to ampicillin compared to E. faecium. Because the difference in antimicrobial susceptibility among different species of the genus Enterococcus can have an impact on clinical practice, it was performed a comparative study of clinical and microbiological characteristics and prognosis of patients with bacteraemia due to E. faecalis against E. faecium and it is unknown whether these features are consistent with those reported in the literature. A similar study focused on cancer patients with bacteraemia of vancomycin-susceptible enterococci was also carried out. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating this population with enterococcal bacteraemia susceptible to vancomycin, the most prevalent susceptible pattern in Spain and Europe. Previous knowledge of these factors can be employed as a warning mechanism for suspected bacteraemia in order to initiate early appropriate empiric therapy. Appropriate empirical treatment is directly related to increased survival in these infections. It was performed a retrospective observational cohort study conducted at the Hospital del Mar between 1 January 2000 and December 31, 2006. We included all episodes of bacteraemia with E.faecalis or E.faecium isolation in blood culture. It was collected demographic, clinical and biochemical data at admission date and the date of positive blood culture for Enterococcus spp., history of previous admissions, hospital ward (medical, surgical, ICU), other possible risk factors, underlying diseases, previous antibiotic treatment, microbiological characteristics, and mortality. On admission, severity of illness of each patient was classified by the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) It was assessed a total of 228 episodes of bacteraemia, 168 corresponding to E.faecalis and 60 to E.faecium. All isolates of E.faecalis were susceptible to ampicillin and only 25% was in the group E.faecium. There was one anecdotal isolated of E.faecium resistant to vancomycin. The independent factors associated with the acquisition of bacteriaemia of E.faecium when compared to those produced by E.faecalis were the surgical ward admission (OR: 4.223, p = 0.001), more than five days of previous treatment with cephalosporin or with carbapenem (OR: 2.564, P = 0.013 and OR: 2.652, p = 0.027 respectively), prior administration of penicillin (OR: 2.008, p = 0.044), SAPS II> 30 at admission (OR = 3.530, p = 0.001) and liver disease at baseline(OR: 3.754, p <0.001). In the case of onco-haematological patients, we analyzed a total of 73 patients: 54 caused by E.faecalis and 19 caused by E.faecium. In the univariate analysis, higher SAPS, comorbidity of diabetes mellitus and prior exposure to penicillins were distinctive factors in the group of E.faecium. The independent factors associated with the isolation of E.faecium were previous exposure to penicillin (OR: 6.479, p = 0.003) and SAPS II> 34 (OR: 6.896, p = 0.009). The results of both studies are of upmost importance to decide empirical antibiotic treatment in patients admitted to our hospital. In addition, these conclusions led to the modification of current protocols for empirical treatment of patients with nosocomial infections in our hospital. Furthermore, this line of research is open to the inclusion of future studies that complement those performed in this PhD project.
Chávez, Andrade Gisselle Moraima [UNESP]. « Eficácia da irrigação ultrassônica passiva na limpeza e eliminação de Enterococcus faecalis dos canais radiculares ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90409.
Texte intégralCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia da Irrigação Ultrassônica Passiva (IUP) na limpeza e eliminação Enterococcus faecalis de canais radiculares, em comparação à Irrigação Manual Convencional (IMC). O estudo foi dividido em dois capítulos. No capítulo I, foram utilizadas raízes de 75 dentes unirradiculados humanos extraídos. Após o preparo biomecânico, os espécimes foram divididos em cinco microplacas de cultura e esterilizados em óxido de etileno. Os canais radiculares foram contaminados com Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) e incubados a 37ºC durante 21 dias. As microplacas com os espécimes foram divididas em cinco grupos de acordo com o protocolo de irrigação utilizado (n=15): G1- IUP com solução salina; G2- IUP com NaOCl 1%; G3- IMC com solução salina; G4- IMC com NaOCl 1%; G5- controle (sem irrigação). Foram realizadas três coletas microbiológicas: inicial (após 21 dias de contaminação do canal), imediatamente após irrigação e final (após 7 dias dos tratamentos realizados). Após diluições decimais seriadas e semeadura, foi determinado o número de unidades formadoras de colônia por mililitro de solução (UFC/mL). No capítulo II, foram utilizadas raízes de dentes artificiais unirradiculados. Após o preparo dos canais radiculares, foram realizados quatro canais laterais nos terços apical e médio da raiz, nas superfícies vestibular e lingual. Posteriormente, os canais foram preenchidos com uma solução de contraste radiológico. Os espécimes foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos de acordo com o protocolo de irrigação (n=08): GI- IMC com agulha 30G, GII- IUP1 com fluxo intermitente, GIII- IUP2 com fluxo contínuo. Antes e após irrigação, os dentes foram radiografados no sentido proximal utilizando...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the cleaning efficacy and elimination of Enterococcus faecalis from the root canal provided by passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) compared with conventional needle irrigation (CNI). The study was divided into two chapters. In chapter I, seventy-five extracted human single-rooted teeth were used. After root canal instrumentation, specimens were randomly divided into cell culture microplates. The microplates containing the specimens were wrapped and sterilized by ethylene oxide. Root canals were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and incubated at 37ºC for 21 days. The microplates containing the roots were randomly divided in five groups, according to the irrigation method: G1- PUI with saline solution, G2- PUI with 1% NaOCl, G3- CNI with saline solution, G4- CNI with 1% NaOCl, G5- control (no irrigation). Microbiological samples were collected at three time points: initial (21 days after inoculation), post-irrigation (immediately after irrigation), and final (7 days after irrigation). After serial decimal dilutions, the inocula were seeded and was determined the number of CFU/mL. In chapter II, single-rooted artificial teeth were used. After root canal instrumentation, four lateral canals were performed in the middle and apical thirds. After, the root canals were filled with a contrast solution. The roots were randomly divided into three groups, according to the irrigation technique (n=8): GI- IMC with 30-gauge needle, GII- IUP1 with intermittent flow and GIII- IUP2 with continuous flow. Before and after irrigation, the roots were radiographed using a digital radiographic system. The areas of the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Gauntlett, Jonathan C., et n/a. « Biochemical and molecular characterisation of bacitracin resistance in Enterococcus faecalis ». University of Otago. Department of Microbiology & ; Immunology, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080404.143509.
Texte intégralArmijo, Pérez Jacqueline Andrea. « Presencia de Entorococcus faecalis en dientes con diagnóstico de periodontitis apical asintomática ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/133451.
Texte intégralIntroducción: E. faecalis es un microorganismo anaerobio facultativo, Gram positivo, que forma parte de la microbiota normal de la cavidad oral y del tracto gastrointestinal, forma biofilm, presenta resistencia a factores del sistema inmune y antimicrobianos. Se aísla con mayor frecuencia en fracasos endodónticos y ocasionalmente en infecciones endodónticas primarias como la Periodontitis Apical Asintomática (PAA). Su característica principal es la sobrevivencia en ecosistemas empobrecidos. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la presencia de E.faecalis en dientes con diagnóstico de PAA. Material y Método: La muestra en estudio se conformó por 30 pacientes con un diente unirradicular con diagnóstico de PAA. De cada uno de ellos se obtuvo una muestra microbiológica con el método de Schimauchi H en condiciones de aislamiento absoluto. La muestra fue depositada en un vial con 1ml de RTF a 4°C y fue llevada al laboratorio para su procesamiento antes de dos horas. La identificación de E. faecalis se realizó mediante cultivo microbiológico clásico y biología molecular mediante la Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa. Resultados: E.faecalis se identificó en el 63,33% (19 individuos) de las muestras microbiológicas obtenidas de dientes diagnosticados con PAA. Conclusión: El alto porcentaje de aislamiento de E. faecalis en la población estudiada, confirma que este patógeno forma parte de la microbiota habitual en la PAA.
Chávez-Andrade, Gisselle Moraima. « Eficácia da irrigação ultrassônica passiva na limpeza e eliminação de Enterococcus faecalis dos canais radiculares / ». Araraquara : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90409.
Texte intégralBanca: Idomeo Bonetti Filho
Banca: Celso Luiz Caldeira
Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia da Irrigação Ultrassônica Passiva (IUP) na limpeza e eliminação Enterococcus faecalis de canais radiculares, em comparação à Irrigação Manual Convencional (IMC). O estudo foi dividido em dois capítulos. No capítulo I, foram utilizadas raízes de 75 dentes unirradiculados humanos extraídos. Após o preparo biomecânico, os espécimes foram divididos em cinco microplacas de cultura e esterilizados em óxido de etileno. Os canais radiculares foram contaminados com Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) e incubados a 37ºC durante 21 dias. As microplacas com os espécimes foram divididas em cinco grupos de acordo com o protocolo de irrigação utilizado (n=15): G1- IUP com solução salina; G2- IUP com NaOCl 1%; G3- IMC com solução salina; G4- IMC com NaOCl 1%; G5- controle (sem irrigação). Foram realizadas três coletas microbiológicas: inicial (após 21 dias de contaminação do canal), imediatamente após irrigação e final (após 7 dias dos tratamentos realizados). Após diluições decimais seriadas e semeadura, foi determinado o número de unidades formadoras de colônia por mililitro de solução (UFC/mL). No capítulo II, foram utilizadas raízes de dentes artificiais unirradiculados. Após o preparo dos canais radiculares, foram realizados quatro canais laterais nos terços apical e médio da raiz, nas superfícies vestibular e lingual. Posteriormente, os canais foram preenchidos com uma solução de contraste radiológico. Os espécimes foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos de acordo com o protocolo de irrigação (n=08): GI- IMC com agulha 30G, GII- IUP1 com fluxo intermitente, GIII- IUP2 com fluxo contínuo. Antes e após irrigação, os dentes foram radiografados no sentido proximal utilizando ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cleaning efficacy and elimination of Enterococcus faecalis from the root canal provided by passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) compared with conventional needle irrigation (CNI). The study was divided into two chapters. In chapter I, seventy-five extracted human single-rooted teeth were used. After root canal instrumentation, specimens were randomly divided into cell culture microplates. The microplates containing the specimens were wrapped and sterilized by ethylene oxide. Root canals were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and incubated at 37ºC for 21 days. The microplates containing the roots were randomly divided in five groups, according to the irrigation method: G1- PUI with saline solution, G2- PUI with 1% NaOCl, G3- CNI with saline solution, G4- CNI with 1% NaOCl, G5- control (no irrigation). Microbiological samples were collected at three time points: initial (21 days after inoculation), post-irrigation (immediately after irrigation), and final (7 days after irrigation). After serial decimal dilutions, the inocula were seeded and was determined the number of CFU/mL. In chapter II, single-rooted artificial teeth were used. After root canal instrumentation, four lateral canals were performed in the middle and apical thirds. After, the root canals were filled with a contrast solution. The roots were randomly divided into three groups, according to the irrigation technique (n=8): GI- IMC with 30-gauge needle, GII- IUP1 with intermittent flow and GIII- IUP2 with continuous flow. Before and after irrigation, the roots were radiographed using a digital radiographic system. The areas of the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Santiago, Adriana Kelly de Sousa. « Avaliação in vitro da efetividade de diferentes pastas antibióticas utilizadas para curativos endodônticos sobre o E. faecalis ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/6256.
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There is an agreement that in dental treatments with incomplete rizogenese it is necessary an intracanal medication with high antibacterial effect because the use of files and standard protocol based on instrumentation must be avoided to protect the fragile dental element from extra hazard. Several endodontic dressings have been used with this purpose, alone or associated to a copious irrigation procedure. However, it is not yet standardized in the literature a unique medication with protracted and excellent antimicrobial effect, associated to a feasible handling and insertion into the duct. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effectiveness of different antimicrobial pastes currently used as intracanal medication against the pathogen Enterococcus faecalis by means of agar disk diffusion method. Accordingly, it was created a polypropylene device to simulate the release characteristics of the main root canal. The efficacy tests were performed over a period of 30 days. The formulations studied were distributed in triplicate just as follows: Triantibiotic Paste (metronidazole, ciprofloxacin and minocycline); Biantibiotic Paste (metronidazole and ciprofloxacin); Ciprofloxacin Paste; Amoxilin Paste; Calcium hydroxide paste; 0.9% saline (control group). All pastes were still allotted into 2 categories: open and closed apex. The devices remained in the medium at 37ºC over 30 days (static). Samples used for the measurement of biologic response were collected in pre-fixed times: H1(1st hour), H6(6th hour), H24(24th hour), D3(3rd day), D7(7th day), D14(14th day) and D30(30th day) in the course of thirty days. At every settled time, 20μL of solution was removed from each device and embedded on sterile paper discs with 6mm of diameter, being the equivalent volume replaced with fresh release medium. After, the discs were transferred with sterile tweezersg to the surface of agar-BHI medium previously inoculated with bacteria over petri plaques. From the devices with closed apex, it was removed 20μL of solution from above the paste surface, avoiding any directly touch on it. This collect aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of different preparations inside the root canal. From the devices with open apex it was removed 20μL of the solution in which the plastic device was submerged, in order to measure the action of the diffused antibiotic to the periapical region through the apex. From the inhibition halos obtained in each case it was possible to rank the formulations in order of effectiveness. The Amoxicillin paste presented an initial antimicrobial effect more robust, keeping it throughout the experiment. However from the second week there was no more significant difference between this and the other antibiotic pastes (triantibiotic and biantibiotic). These pastes had an initial effect less representative than amoxicillin, however the effect became similar from the second week. Nevertheless, calcium hydroxide paste had a discreet effect initially and it was completely ceased already after the 3rd day. Even if Amoxicillin paste presented a superior result among the studied pastes, it was noticed color changes associated to degradation signs after two weeks. The findings show that these antibiotics pastes posed an excellent pharmacological effect, apart from calcium hydroxide. It can be concluded that all the antibiotics pastes, among them the pastes of amoxicillin, triantibiotic and biantibiotic were effective against E. faecalis. As a result its use as dressing for teeth with incomplete risogenesis in may be a good alternative. Among the advantages it is the microbial effectiveness, as well as the feasible manipulation during the clinical procedure. When comparing biantibiotic and triantibiotic pastes, the first showed to be almost equally effective, being a great choice for the clinical treatments of anterior teeth, where the pigmentation caused by minocycline antibiotic could present a drawback in the final result of the treatment.
Existe um consenso de que no tratamento de dentes com rizogênese incompleta é necessária uma medicação intracanal com máximo efeito antibacteriano, pois o uso de limas e o protocolo convencional de instrumentação devem ser evitados para que não torne o elemento dental ainda mais frágil. Diversos curativos endodônticos têm sido utilizados com este objetivo, bem como o uso de uma irrigação mais copiosa e com irrigante mais efetivo. No entanto, ainda não está padronizada na literatura uma medicação com efeito antibiótico prolongado e efetivo, além de fácil manipulação e inserção no conduto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar in vitro a eficácia de diferentes pastas antimicrobianas utilizadas como medicação intracanal sobre o patógeno Enterococcus faecalis utilizando o método de disco - difusão em Ágar. Para isso, foi confeccionado um dispositivo de polipropileno que possui características semelhantes ao canal radicular principal. Os testes de eficácia foram realizados por um período de 30 dias. Foram analisadas as seguintes formulações: Pasta triantibiótica (metronidazol, ciprofloxacino e minociclina); Pasta biantibiótica (metronidazol e ciprofloxacino); Pasta de Ciprofloxacino; Pasta de Amoxicilina; Pasta de hidróxido de cálcio; Solução fisiológica 0,9% (grupo controle). Todas as pastas foram ainda alocadas em duas categorias: ápice aberto e ápice fechado e ensaiadas em triplicata. Os dispositivos permaneceram em estufa a 37ºC durante 30 dias (sem agitação), sendo as coletas para aferição da resposta biológica realizadas em períodos preestabelecidos: H1(1ª hora), H6(6ª hora), H24(24ª hora), D3(3º dia), D7(7º dia), D14(14º dia) e D30(30º dia) no decorrer de 30 dias. A cada coleta foram retirados de cada dispositivo 20µL de solução e depositados sobre discos de papel de filtro estéreis com 6 mm de diâmetro. Em seguida, os discos de papel embebidos foram transferidos com pinça estéril para a superfície das placas de petri previamente semeadas com a bactéria. Dos dispositivos com ápice fechado foram removidos 20µL da solução que estava sobre a superfície da pasta, tendo o cuidado para não tocá-la. Este procedimento teve o intuito de medir a ação antimicrobiana direta dos diferentes preparados no interior do conduto radicular. A partir dos dispositivos com ápice aberto foram retirados 20µL da solução na qual o dispositivo plástico encontrava-se imerso, com o intuito de medir a ação do preparado difundido à região periapical. A partir dos halos de inibição obtidos, foi possível observar quais preparados foram mais eficazes com respeito ao seu efeito antibacteriano. A pasta de amoxicilina apresentou o maior efeito antimicrobiano inicial, mantendo-o durante todo o experimento, no entanto, a partir da segunda semana não houve mais diferença estatística entre as pastas antibióticas e o efeito tornou-se semelhante. As pastas triantibiótica e biantibiótica tiveram efeito inicial menor do que o da Amoxicilina, porém o efeito foi igualado a partir da segunda semana. Por outro lado, a pasta de hidróxido de cálcio teve um efeito discreto inicialmente, o qual foi totalmente cessado já após o 3° dia. Ainda que a pasta de Amoxicilina tenha apresentado os melhores resultados dentre as pastas estudadas, foi evidenciado o aparecimento de cor escurecida associada a sinais de degradação após duas semanas. Este estudo mostrou que as pastas antibióticas tiveram um excelente efeito farmacológico, ao contrário da pasta de hidróxido de cálcio. Pode-se concluir que as pastas antibióticas, dentre elas as pastas de Amoxicilina, triantibiótica e biantibiótica apresentaram um excelente efeito sobre o micro-organismo E. faecalis. Portanto, seu uso como medicação intracanal nos casos de dentes com rizogênese incompleta pode ser uma ótima alternativa, estando ainda a facilidade de manipulação durante o procedimento clínico atrelada à eficácia microbicida. Quando comparadas, a pasta biantibiótica mostrou-se quase que igualmente efetiva a triantibiótica, podendo ser uma ótima escolha em casos clínicos de tratamento de dentes anteriores, sempre e quando a pigmentação causada pelo fármaco Minociclina possa comprometer o resultado final do tratamento. Pôde-se concluir que as pastas antibióticas, dentre elas as pastas de amoxicilina, triantibiótica e biantibiótica apresentaram excelente efeito inibitório sobre o micro-organismo E. faecalis. Portanto, o seu uso como medicação intracanal nos casos de dentes com rizogênese incompleta pode ser uma excelente alternativa.
Colonna, Giulia. « Attivita tirosina decarbossilasica di enterococcus faecalis in terreno sintetico ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9476/.
Texte intégralHébert, Laurent. « Etude de la résistance au lysozyme chez Enterococcus faecalis ». Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00787051.
Texte intégralMoura, Tiane Martin de. « Análise transcricional dos fatores de virulência de Enterococcus faecalis ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/109722.
Texte intégralEnterococcus faecalis are among the leading causes of nosocomial infections worldwide and is one of the most important in the clinical area due to the presence of numerous virulence factors that enhance the pathogenicity. Studies show that sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics can alter the transcriptional and phenotypic response of bacteria, but little is known about the effect of vancomycin in gene expression in microorganism bearers of their resistance genes (genes van). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the presence and expression of vanC genes in E. faecalis vancomycin susceptible and evaluate the behavior of vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) strains in the absence and presence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of vancomycin for Quantitative-PCR. We have identified the presence and expression of vanC genes in E. faecalis which are specific to Enterococcus gallinarum and Enterococcus casseliflavus species, it is suggested that the E. faecalis may have acquired these genes by horizontal gene transfer. We found that the presence of vancomycin in vitro is able of interfering with modulation of expression of virulence genes in VRE strains but does not interfere in the biofilm formation of these isolates. Although the data presented here were obtained from in vitro tests, we can infer that the vanC genes are being transferred to other species and that vancomycin may be contributing to the increase in the expression of virulence factors in vivo, leading to worseres clinical outcomes.
Hébert, Laurent. « Étude de la résistance au lysozyme chez Enterococcus faecalis ». Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN2010.
Texte intégralOver the two last decades, Enterococcus faecalis has emerged as major cause of nosocomial infections. E. Faecalis is also a member of the few bacteria that are almost completely resistant to one of the most important and widespread compounds of the constitutive defence system: the lysozyme. Therefore, the bases of this high resistance to lysozyme were investigated within this thesis work. We identified two genes referred as EF0783 and EF1843, potentially involved in lysozyme resistance. Proteins encoded by these genes share homology with Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan O-acetyltransferase (OatA) and Streptococcus pneumoniae N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (PgdA), respectively. We constructed the corresponding mutants (DeltaEF0783 and DeltaEF1843) and the double mutant DeltaEF0783-DeltaEF1843. We showed that EF0783 mutation leads to the loss of O-acetyl groups from the peptidoglycan and to a decrease of the lysozyme resistance. On the other hand, no effect on lysozyme sensitivity could be associated to the EF1843 gene. Moreover, the EF0783 and/or EF1843 deletions significantly affect the ability of E. Faecalis to survive within murine macrophages. While EF0783 is involved in the lysozyme resistance, the peptidoglycan O-acetylation and de-N-acetylation are not the main mechanisms conferring high levels of lysozyme resistance to E. Faecalis. Experiments aiming to identify additional factors explaining this lysozyme resistance have to be considered
Spiess, Meike [Verfasser], Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Hübner et Türkân [Akademischer Betreuer] Sakinç-Güler. « Die Rolle der Glykolipide bei Enterococcus faecalis-assoziierten Harnwegsinfektionen ». Freiburg : Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1238517129/34.
Texte intégralRojas, Chávez Favio Dénnis. « Determinantes de virulencia en enterococos asociados a patologías humanas : diferencias fenotípicas y moleculares entre aislados marinos y clínicos ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/3772.
Texte intégral--- Enterococci are emerging pathogens, retaining virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes in marine environmental. antimicrobial resistance profiles, phenotype profile and presence of virulence markers were compared in 33 clinical isolates and 34 marine strains. Virulence markets gelE, CylA, esp and hyl, these respectively are gelatinase, hemolysin, enterococcal surface protein, and putative glycosyl-hydrolase; besides mortality trials were conducted in the experimental model Galleria mellonella (Order: Lepidoptera). Was found only in marine enterococci the presence of gelE and esp, with strong biofilms in almost all strains, no association showed with these markers. Only 14.3% of enterococci gelE+ and gelatinase activity showed no strain proved beta hemolytic or carry cylA (hemolysin activator). In the clinical group multiple virulence antibiotypes and profiles related to the species and origin of infection was observed, hyl marker was present only in strains vancomycin resistance (VRE) and esp-positives, also detected in this group, beta-hemolytic (12.1%) and strains carrier cylA (15.2%), in addition 48.5% of clinical enterococci are gelE and gelatinase activity was detected in 30.3% of the strains. Gelatinase positive isolates and hemolysin developed a high mortality in G. mellonella, a strain of E. faecalis of marine origin (positive gelatinase) with similar clinical group mortality. It was determined that marine enterococci, mainly E. faecalis, retain some virulence characteristics and antimicrobial resistance so its persistence in the marine environment is a threat to public health. Keywords: Virulence, enterococci, multiresistance, pathogenicity, G. mellonella.
Tesis
Brum, Cimara Barroso Braga 1975. « Comparação entre técnicas de instrumentação e protocolos de irrigação na redução de Enterococcus faecalis no canal radicular : estudo ex vivo ». [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290431.
Texte intégralDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar ex vivo a capacidade de desinfecção de diferentes técnicas de instrumentação utilizando os sistemas ProTaper, ProTaper + Gates, EndoEze, Mtwo e limas manuais em canais contaminados com Enterococcus faecalis, utilizando hipoclorito de sódio 1%, clorexidina gel 2% e soro fisiológico associados a diferentes protocolos de irrigação. Para este fim, 150 molares superiores humanos extraídos, previamente acessados, tiveram as entradas dos canais palatino e mésio-vestibular seladas com resina composta, para que somente o canal disto-vestbular fosse utilizado. O mesmo foi instrumentado até uma lima K #20 para estabelecer o diâmetro da lima anatômica inicial. Após estes procedimentos, os dentes foram autoclavados e posteriormente contaminados por 21 dias com Enterococcus faecalis. Em seguida os dentes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 15 grupos de 10 espécimes cada, de acordo com a técnica de instrumentação e o protocolo de irrigação utilizado. Amostras microbianas do canal radicular foram coletadas e cultivadas antes (coleta inicial - C1) e após a instrumentação (coleta da luz do canal - C2 e coleta de raspas de dentina - C3), para a determinação das unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC). A análise estatística foi realizada através dos testes de Kruskal Wallis/ Dunn para as comparações intergrupo, e Friedman ou Wilcoxon para as comparações intragrupo considerando o nível de significância de 0,05. Verificou-se que na luz do canal radicular não houve diferença entre as técnicas de instrumentação empregadas, independente da substância química auxiliar utilizada. Quanto às substâncias testadas, tanto a clorexidina gel 2% quanto o hipoclorito 1% foram igualmente efetivos na redução de Enterococcus faecalis, enquanto que o soro fisiológico obteve resultados inferiores. Concluiu-se que as técnicas de instrumentação testadas, independente do sistema utilizado, foram eficazes em reduzir os níveis de Enterococcus faecalis na luz do canal radicular associadas ao hipoclorito de sódio 1% ou a clorexidina gel 2%
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate ex vivo the disinfection ability of different instrumentation techniques using the ProTaper System, ProTaper + Gates, EndoEze System, Mtwo System and stainless still K- files, in root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis using 1% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine gel and sterile saline associated with different irrigation protocols. For this purpose, 150 extracted upper human molar teeth were previously accessed and had the palatal and mesiobuccal canals sealed with composite and only the distobuccal canal was used. The DB canal was instrumented to a #20 K file to establish the diameter of the initial anatomical file. After these procedures, the teeth were autoclaved and subsequently infected during 21 days with Enterococcus faecalis. Then, the teeth were randomly divided into 15 groups of 10 specimens each, according to the instrumentation technique and irrigation protocol used. Root canal microbial samples were collected and cultured before (initial - C1) and after instrumentation (canal - C2 and dentine ships - C3) in order to count the colony forming units (CFU). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal Wallis/ Dunn tests for intergroup comparisons, and Friedman or Wilcoxon for intragroup comparisons, considering the significance level of 0.05. It was found that there was no difference between the instrumentation techniques employed, independent of auxiliary chemical substance used. Regarding the substances tested, both 2% chlorhexidine gel and 1% sodium hypochlorite were equally effective in reducing Enterococcus faecalis, while the saline obtained inferior results. It was concluded that the tested instrumentation techniques, regardless of the system used, have been effective in reducing the levels of Enterococcus faecalis in the root canal associated with sodium hypochlorite 1% or 2% chlorhexidine gel
Mestrado
Endodontia
Mestra em Clínica Odontológica
Maliza, Amanda Garcia Alves. « Desinfecção intratubular de dentes bovinos por soluções de hipoclorito de sódio acidificadas ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25147/tde-14102013-154811/.
Texte intégralThe complete decontamination of root canal system and dentinal mass is a constant clinical concern. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the level of dentin decontamination achieved after irrigation with sodium hypochlorite solutions at different concentrations and pH values. Eighty single rooted bovine teeth were divided into 9 different groups. The crowns were sectioned and separated from the roots. Then, there was obtained segments of 12mm and the root canals were instrumented until size #120 K-file and filled with 17% EDTA during 10 minutes. The roots were externally sealed with two layers of nail polish. Suspensions of Enteroccus faecalis (ATCC 29212) were standardized using a spectrophotometer (3x108 CFU/mL) and placed in microtubes containing BHI broth and one sample. The protocol of contamination followed the methodology of MA et al. (2011) with some adjustments. After five days, the samples were fixed in a sterilized device and irrigated during 5 minutes with the tested solutions stabilized by buffers substances: (G1) 1% NaOCl - pH5; (G2) 1% NaOCl - pH7; (G3) NaOCl 1% - pH10; (G4) 2.5% NaOCl - pH5, (G5) 2.5% NaOCl - pH 7, (G6) 2.5% NaOCl - pH10; (G7) 5% NaOCl - pH5; (G8 ) NaOCl 5% - pH 7 (G9) 5% NaOCl - pH10, containing 8 specimens each, and the control groups. After the treatment with the irrigating solutions, half of the specimens were evaluated by microbiological cultures (counting colony forming units CFU/mL of dentine chips removed from the wall of root canals) and the other half of the same group were evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) with fluorescent Live & Dead stain. There was statistical difference among various groups (p<0.05) by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunns test. It was concluded that the acidified sodium hypochlorite solution resulted in a significant reduction in the number of bacteria.
Fernandes, Meg da Silva 1984. « Avaliação de riscos e de pontos críticos de contaminação por Enterococcus spp. e Bacillus cereus no processamento de ricota ». [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/255455.
Texte intégralDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: A ricota é um tipo de queijo fresco de origem italiana, obtido pela precipitação das proteínas do soro do queijo por acidificação associada ao calor. Por suas características nutricionais, físico-químicas e bioquímicas apresenta-se propícia ao desenvolvimento microbiano. No processamento deste produto destacam-se o Bacillus cereus, pela sua capacidade de esporular e ser um contaminante potencial do leite e do ambiente e as bactérias do gênero Enterococcus, pela característica ubíqua, habilidade de sobrevivência à condições diversas de pH, temperatura e salinidade e ocorrência em casos de infecções hospitalares. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: a) verificar as possíveis fontes de contaminação de ricota por B. cereus e Enterococcus spp. ao longo do processamento; b) identificar as espécies de enterococos, avaliar o potencial de patogenicidade e o perfil de resistência destas espécies a antibióticos de uso clínico; e, c) avaliar a conformidade das amostras de ricota aos padrões microbiológicos legais. Amostras de leite cru e pasteurizado, soro de queijo, ricotas antes e após embalagem, superfícies diversas do ambiente e do ar obtidas em três coletas de laticínio da região Sul de Minas Gerais foram submetidas à determinação de B. cereus e Enterococcus spp. As contagens de B. cereus em leite cru, pasteurizado e soro de queijo, foram de 1,4 x104, 1,2 x103 e 1,0 x103 UFC/ml, respectivamente, e, apenas uma amostra de ricota final apresentou valor maior que 102 UFC/g. Dentre as 60 amostras ambientais, destaca-se a forma de moldagem da ricota, que apresentou contaminação persistente e contagem de até 1,7x107 UFC/unidade de B. cereus. Enterococcus spp. foram encontradas em todas as amostras de ricota, com contagens entre 103 e 107 UFC/g, e em todas de leite cru, com contagens de até 1,9 x106 UFC/ml. Nas superfícies de forma e tela, vassoura, parede e ralo foram encontrados valores superiores a 105 UFC/unidade; já para tanques, bancada da área de embalagem e caixa de recolhimento do soro os números foram superiores a 102 UFC/unidade. De um total de 136 isolados, confirmados para o gênero Enterococcus, 71,3% (97/136) foram confirmados para a espécie E. faecium e 20,6% (28/136) para E. faecalis, pela técnica de PCR. Os isolados (66) de E. faecium e E. faecalis das amostras de produto final submetidas aos testes fenotípicos resultaram em 89,4% (59/66) positivos para hemólise, nenhum para gelatinase (0/66) e 98,5% (65/66) positivos para termonuclease. A maioria dos isolados de E. faecium e E. faecalis mostrou resistência a pelo menos três dos 5 antimicrobianos testados, destacando-se que 100% deles apresentaram resistência à vancomicina. De 15 amostras de ricota avaliadas após 21 dias de armazenamento sob refrigeração, 13,3% (2/15) estavam em desacordo com o padrão legal para estafilococos coagulase positiva e em nenhuma delas foi detectada a presença de Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes e coliformes termotolerantes. A natural e inevitável contaminação da matéria-prima e do ambiente de processamento de ricota por B. cereus e Enterococcus spp., bactérias estas potencialmente patogênicas, tem na eficiência dos programas de higienização um fator indispensável para o seu controle
Abstract: The ricotta is a type of fresh cheese of Italian origin, obtained by precipitation of proteins from cheese whey by acidification associated with the heat. Because of its nutritional, physicochemical and biochemical characteristics it is conducive to microbial growth. On the processing of this product it can be emphasized the Bacillus cereus, due to its ability to sporulate and be a potential contaminant of milk and the environment, and the bacteria of the genus Enterococcus, due its ubiquitous characteristic, ability to survive the various conditions of pH, temperature and salinity and appearance in cases of hospital infections. The objectives of the present work were: (a) to verify the possible sources of ricotta contamination by B. cereus and Enterococcus spp. during processing; (b) to identify the species of enterococci, evaluate the pathogenic potential and the resistance profile of these species to antibiotics of clinical use; and (c) to assess the conformity of samples of ricotta under legal microbiological standards. Samples of raw and pasteurized milk, cheese whey, ricotta before and after packaging, various surfaces of the environment and of air obtained from three collections on a dairy industry located in southern Minas Gerais were subjected to the determination of B. cereus and Enterococcus spp. The counts of B. cereus in raw and pasteurized milk and in cheese whey were 1,4 x104, 1,2 x103 and 1,0 x103 CFU/ml, respectively, and only one sample of final ricotta had levels of B. cereus higher than 1,7x107 CFU/unity. Among the 60 environmental samples, it can be highlighted the mold where the ricotta is shaped, which showed persistent contamination and count up to 1,7x107 CFU/unity for B. cereus. All the samples of ricotta and raw milk showed the presence of Enterococcus spp. with counts between 103 and 107 CFU/g and up to 1,9 x106 CFU/ml, respectively. On the surfaces of the mold, mesh, broom, wall and drain it were found counts higher than 105 CFU/unity; for the tank, stand in the area of packaging and box for the collection of serum the counts were higher than 102 CFU/unity. Over 136 isolated of the genus Enterococcus, 71,3% (97/136) were confirmed for the species E. faecium and 20,6% (28/136) for E. faecalis by PCR technique. The isolates (66) of E. faecium and E. faecalis taken from the samples of the final product submitted to phenotypic tests resulted in 89,4% (59/66) positive for hemolysis, none for gelatinase (0 / 66) and 98,5% (65/66) positive for thermonuclease. Most of the isolates of E. faecium and E. faecalis showed resistance to at least three of the 5 antimicrobials, highlighting that 100% of them were resistant to vancomycin. From 15 samples of ricotta evaluated after 21 days of refrigerated storage, 13,3% (2/15) were in disagreement with the legal standard for coagulase-positive staphylococci and none were detected the presence of Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes and thermotolerant coliforms. The natural and inevitable contamination of raw-materials and of the processing environment of ricotta by B. cereus and Enterococcus spp., which are potentially pathogenic bacteria, have in the efficiency of the hygiene programs a essential factor for its control
Mestrado
Mestre em Tecnologia de Alimentos
Blessie, Victor. « Characterisation of the VicK-VicR signalling pathway in Enterococcus faecalis ». Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502778.
Texte intégralSilva, Ana Rita Marques da. « Ação antibacteriana de diferentes medicações intracanais frente a Enterococcus faecalis ». UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2015. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1702.
Texte intégralThe present study aimed to introduce new intracanal medications and evaluate their antimicrobial effect against endodontic microorganisms involved in most of the cases of endodontic failure. The composition of the new formulations included 3% doxycycline hydrochloride (DX) or 3% nitrofurantoin (NIT), and a 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX) was used as a positive control.This study was divided into three phases. The first phase evaluated the antimicrobial effect of the formulations DX and NIT against Gram-positive bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and fungus Candida albicans. The formulations were tested using the traditional agar diffusion test and the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. Based on the descriptive analysis of the agar diffusion test, DX presented a better antibacterial effect for most bacteria in the study. NIT values were lower than the CHX’s for all bacteria, with the exception of E. coli. DX and NIT were found ineffective for C. albicans. The descriptive analysis of MIC showed that DX was more effective than NIT, but when compared with CHX, it presented a lower antimicrobial effect. The second phase evaluated the antimicrobial effect against E. faecalis on the external root surface and the ability of diffusion through dentinal tubules of the new intracanal medications. Fifty human canine teeth were instrumented, sterilized and randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 teeth each, according to the formulation used as intracanal dressing: teeth sealed without medication (SM), negative control; CHX, positive control; placebo gel (PC); NIT and DX. After filling the root canals with the formulations, the teeth were incubated in the agar plates seeded with E. faecalis. The analysis of the halos revealed that DX had a larger inhibitory zone than CHX, while PC and NIT showed no antibacterial effect on the external root surface. The last phase evaluated the antimicrobial activity on infected root canals with E.faecalis. The chosen formulation was DX, as it obtained the best results on previous phases. Microbial samples were collected during three different time periods. The first sample (S1) was collected 21 days after contamination with E. faecalis; the second sample (S2) was collected 14 days under the effect of the intracanal medication, and the third sample (S3) 7 days after replacing the medication by BHI (Brain Heart Infusion) broth. The count of Colony Forming Units (CFU/mL) was statistically analyzed by repeated measures test (ANOVA) (p<0,05). All intracanal dressings significantly reduced the number of bacterial cells in the root canal after 14 days with medication (S2). After a period of 7 days with BHI broth (S3), the CFU counts of E. faecalis remained at low values in DX and CHX groups. The SM group, however, showed a significant increase of CFU in this period, to values similar to those of the initial contamination. These results show that DX was effective in eliminating E. faecalis from the root canal system, significantly decreasing the number of microorganisms after 14 days with medication and suggesting some substantivity after 7 days.Conclusion: From the two formulations suggested in this study, DX presented better antimicrobial effect against the microorganisms in the study (agar diffusion and MIC),supported by the effect on the external root surface and inside the root canal system. This new formulation containing DX can be considered as a possible intracanal dressing, namely in cases of endodontic failure.
Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar novas formulações de medicações intracanal e verificar a ação antimicrobiana destas em microrganismos frequentemente implicados em casos de insucesso endodôntico. As formulações estudadas continham doxiciclina a 3% (DX) ou nitrofurantoína a 3% (NIT), tendo sido usado como controlo positivo um gel de clorohexidina a 2% (CHX).O estudo foi dividido em três fases experimentais. Na primeira fase, foi analisado o efeito antimicrobiano das formulações DX e NIT, na presença das bactérias de Gram positivo, Enterococcus faecalis e Staphylococcus aureus, das bactérias de Gram negativo, Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, e do fungo Candida albicans através de testes de difusão em agar e da determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM). Com base na análise descritiva dos resultados da difusão em agar, a DX foi a que apresentou maior efeito antimicrobiano, na generalidade das bactérias estudadas. Os resultados da NITforam inferiores aos da CHX em todas as bactérias do estudo, à exceção de E. coli.Tanto a DX como a NIT evidenciaram-se inativas para C. albicans. A análise descritiva da determinação da CIM revelou que a DX apresentou maior eficácia comparativamente com a NIT, mas resultados inferiores quando comparada com a CHX.Na segunda fase, as novas formulações foram avaliadas pela sua ação antimicrobiana, na superfície externa radicular, contra E. faecalis e eventual capacidade de difusão através dos canalículos dentinários. Foram usados 50 dentes humanos (caninos), previamente instrumentados e esterilizados, distribuídos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos (n=10), e atribuída uma formulação diferente a cada grupo: sem medicação (SM), controlo negativo; gel de clorohexidina a 2% (CHX), controlo positivo; gel placebo (PC); gel de nitrofurantoína a 3% (NIT); e gel de doxiciclina a 3% (DX). Preencheu-se o interior dos canais com as respetivas formulações e fez-se a incubação dos dentes em placas de agar com E. faecalis. A análise dos halos dos grupos em estudo demonstrou que a DX tem maior atividade na face externa da raiz do que a CHX, e que a NIT e o PC não evidenciaram ação antibacteriana no exterior da raiz. Na terceira e última fase, avaliou-se a ação antimicrobiana, em canais radiculares contaminados com E. faecalis. A formulação usada nesta fase foi a DX, uma vez que foi a que obteve melhores resultados nas duas fases anteriores. Efetuaram-se colheitas bacterianas em três períodos de tempo distintos. A primeira colheita (S1) realizou-se 21 dias depois da contaminação com E. faecalis; a segunda colheita (S2) foi efetuada 14 dias após a aplicação das formulações e a terceira colheita (S3), 7 dias depois da substituição das formulações por caldo de BHI (“Brain Heart Infusion”). A contagem das Unidades Formadoras de Colónias (UFC/mL) foi analisada através do teste de medidas repetidas (ANOVA) (p<0,05). Todas as novas formulações diminuíram significativamente o número de células bacterianas no interior dos canais após os 14 dias (S2) sob a ação da medicação intracanal. Depois do período de 7 dias com o caldo de BHI (S3), os valores de UFC de E. faecalis mantiveram-se em valores baixos nos grupos DX e CHX. No grupo SM verificou-se um aumento significativo para valores similares aos da contaminação inicial.Verificou-se, assim, que a DX foi eficaz na desinfeção dos canais, reduzindo significativamente o número de microrganismos após 14 dias e demonstrando alguma substantividade após 7 dias.Conclusão: Das duas formulações sugeridas neste estudo, o gel DX apresentou uma eficácia maior sobre os microrganismos estudados (difusão em agar e CIM), corroborado pela ação na superfície externa da raiz e no interior dos canais radiculares. Na formulação apresentada, o gel DX pode ser considerado como uma medicação intracanal alternativa, nomeadamente nos casos de insucesso endodôntico.
Santos, Sofia Alexandra Muchacho. « Tolerância à vancomicina em Enterococcus faecalis : papel de proteínas hipotéticas ». Master's thesis, FCT - UNL, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/2527.
Texte intégralEnterococcus faecalis é um agente patogénico oportunista e um dos principais responsáveis por infecções nosocomiais. A sua virulência é multifactorial e ainda pouco compreendida. 36 % do genoma de E. faecalis V583 está anotado como genes que codificam proteínas hipotéticas ou de função desconhecida (PHFD). Estudos de transcriptómica têm sugerido a implicação destes genes na resposta a vários stresses em E. faecalis. No entanto, não têm existido muitas tentativas para atribuir uma função a estes genes. Num estudo efectuado anteriormente com V583 submetido a uma dose terapêutica de vancomicina (10 μg.mL-1) observou-se que 50 % dos genes cuja transcrição foi afectada codificam para PHFD. No presente estudo, seleccionaram-se alguns destes genes (EF0802, EF1231, EF1813, EF2292 e EF2896) que apresentaram um aumento mais marcante nos níveis de expressão. Os resultados dos microarrays para os genes referidos foram confirmados por RT-PCR semi-quantitativo, mais uma vez sugerindo um papel para estes genes na resposta de E. faecalis à vancomicina. Procedeu-se à expressão das proteínas hipotéticas codificadas por aqueles genes em E. coli e à construção de mutantes. Estes mutantes encontram-se em fases diferentes de construção e até ao momento foi possível obter o mutante do EF2292. Este não revelou alterações no fenótipo de resistência à vancomicina, comportando-se de forma idêntica à estirpe selvagem. Quanto à expressão das proteínas hipotéticas EF1231 e EF2292, está em curso a optimização das condições para purificação e obtenção da sua estrutura. Este trabalho constitui um passo no sentido de tornar conhecido o que é ainda desconhecido no genoma e comportamento de E. faecalis.
Silva, Ana Rita Marques da. « Ação antibacteriana de diferentes medicações intracanais frente a Enterococcus faecalis ». Doctoral thesis, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/79992.
Texte intégralThe present study aimed to introduce new intracanal medications and evaluate their antimicrobial effect against endodontic microorganisms involved in most of the cases of endodontic failure. The composition of the new formulations included 3% doxycycline hydrochloride (DX) or 3% nitrofurantoin (NIT), and a 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX) was used as a positive control.This study was divided into three phases. The first phase evaluated the antimicrobial effect of the formulations DX and NIT against Gram-positive bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and fungus Candida albicans. The formulations were tested using the traditional agar diffusion test and the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. Based on the descriptive analysis of the agar diffusion test, DX presented a better antibacterial effect for most bacteria in the study. NIT values were lower than the CHX’s for all bacteria, with the exception of E. coli. DX and NIT were found ineffective for C. albicans. The descriptive analysis of MIC showed that DX was more effective than NIT, but when compared with CHX, it presented a lower antimicrobial effect. The second phase evaluated the antimicrobial effect against E. faecalis on the external root surface and the ability of diffusion through dentinal tubules of the new intracanal medications. Fifty human canine teeth were instrumented, sterilized and randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 teeth each, according to the formulation used as intracanal dressing: teeth sealed without medication (SM), negative control; CHX, positive control; placebo gel (PC); NIT and DX. After filling the root canals with the formulations, the teeth were incubated in the agar plates seeded with E. faecalis. The analysis of the halos revealed that DX had a larger inhibitory zone than CHX, while PC and NIT showed no antibacterial effect on the external root surface. The last phase evaluated the antimicrobial activity on infected root canals with E.faecalis. The chosen formulation was DX, as it obtained the best results on previous phases. Microbial samples were collected during three different time periods. The first sample (S1) was collected 21 days after contamination with E. faecalis; the second sample (S2) was collected 14 days under the effect of the intracanal medication, and the third sample (S3) 7 days after replacing the medication by BHI (Brain Heart Infusion) broth. The count of Colony Forming Units (CFU/mL) was statistically analyzed by repeated measures test (ANOVA) (p<0,05). All intracanal dressings significantly reduced the number of bacterial cells in the root canal after 14 days with medication (S2). After a period of 7 days with BHI broth (S3), the CFU counts of E. faecalis remained at low values in DX and CHX groups. The SM group, however, showed a significant increase of CFU in this period, to values similar to those of the initial contamination. These results show that DX was effective in eliminating E. faecalis from the root canal system, significantly decreasing the number of microorganisms after 14 days with medication and suggesting some substantivity after 7 days.Conclusion: From the two formulations suggested in this study, DX presented better antimicrobial effect against the microorganisms in the study (agar diffusion and MIC),supported by the effect on the external root surface and inside the root canal system. This new formulation containing DX can be considered as a possible intracanal dressing, namely in cases of endodontic failure.
Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar novas formulações de medicações intracanal e verificar a ação antimicrobiana destas em microrganismos frequentemente implicados em casos de insucesso endodôntico. As formulações estudadas continham doxiciclina a 3% (DX) ou nitrofurantoína a 3% (NIT), tendo sido usado como controlo positivo um gel de clorohexidina a 2% (CHX).O estudo foi dividido em três fases experimentais. Na primeira fase, foi analisado o efeito antimicrobiano das formulações DX e NIT, na presença das bactérias de Gram positivo, Enterococcus faecalis e Staphylococcus aureus, das bactérias de Gram negativo, Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, e do fungo Candida albicans através de testes de difusão em agar e da determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM). Com base na análise descritiva dos resultados da difusão em agar, a DX foi a que apresentou maior efeito antimicrobiano, na generalidade das bactérias estudadas. Os resultados da NITforam inferiores aos da CHX em todas as bactérias do estudo, à exceção de E. coli.Tanto a DX como a NIT evidenciaram-se inativas para C. albicans. A análise descritiva da determinação da CIM revelou que a DX apresentou maior eficácia comparativamente com a NIT, mas resultados inferiores quando comparada com a CHX.Na segunda fase, as novas formulações foram avaliadas pela sua ação antimicrobiana, na superfície externa radicular, contra E. faecalis e eventual capacidade de difusão através dos canalículos dentinários. Foram usados 50 dentes humanos (caninos), previamente instrumentados e esterilizados, distribuídos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos (n=10), e atribuída uma formulação diferente a cada grupo: sem medicação (SM), controlo negativo; gel de clorohexidina a 2% (CHX), controlo positivo; gel placebo (PC); gel de nitrofurantoína a 3% (NIT); e gel de doxiciclina a 3% (DX). Preencheu-se o interior dos canais com as respetivas formulações e fez-se a incubação dos dentes em placas de agar com E. faecalis. A análise dos halos dos grupos em estudo demonstrou que a DX tem maior atividade na face externa da raiz do que a CHX, e que a NIT e o PC não evidenciaram ação antibacteriana no exterior da raiz. Na terceira e última fase, avaliou-se a ação antimicrobiana, em canais radiculares contaminados com E. faecalis. A formulação usada nesta fase foi a DX, uma vez que foi a que obteve melhores resultados nas duas fases anteriores. Efetuaram-se colheitas bacterianas em três períodos de tempo distintos. A primeira colheita (S1) realizou-se 21 dias depois da contaminação com E. faecalis; a segunda colheita (S2) foi efetuada 14 dias após a aplicação das formulações e a terceira colheita (S3), 7 dias depois da substituição das formulações por caldo de BHI (“Brain Heart Infusion”). A contagem das Unidades Formadoras de Colónias (UFC/mL) foi analisada através do teste de medidas repetidas (ANOVA) (p<0,05). Todas as novas formulações diminuíram significativamente o número de células bacterianas no interior dos canais após os 14 dias (S2) sob a ação da medicação intracanal. Depois do período de 7 dias com o caldo de BHI (S3), os valores de UFC de E. faecalis mantiveram-se em valores baixos nos grupos DX e CHX. No grupo SM verificou-se um aumento significativo para valores similares aos da contaminação inicial.Verificou-se, assim, que a DX foi eficaz na desinfeção dos canais, reduzindo significativamente o número de microrganismos após 14 dias e demonstrando alguma substantividade após 7 dias.Conclusão: Das duas formulações sugeridas neste estudo, o gel DX apresentou uma eficácia maior sobre os microrganismos estudados (difusão em agar e CIM), corroborado pela ação na superfície externa da raiz e no interior dos canais radiculares. Na formulação apresentada, o gel DX pode ser considerado como uma medicação intracanal alternativa, nomeadamente nos casos de insucesso endodôntico.
Martini, Cecilia. « Identification and characterization of new virulence factors in Enterococcus faecalis ». Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN2064.
Texte intégralIn this study, we focused on the identification and characterization of new virulence factor in E. Faecalis. SlyA is a transcriptional regulator, involved in the virulence, persistence in mouse kidneys and liver, and survival inside peritoneal macrophages. We attempt to find stress conditions that affect the transcription of slyA. Among several stresses tested we found that bile salts induced expression of slyA. In addition, transcriptomic results performed to identify SlyA-regulated genes suggested that SlyA could be a repressor for the expression of virulence factors. It is then tempting to speculate that among genes overexpressed in the ΔslyA mutant, one or more could play a role in the more virulent phenotype observed for the mutant. Then, EF_3001 (renamed pmvE) may be an interesting candidate. We found that PmvE plays a role in the virulence of E. Faecalis as well as in its persistence inside the host. In addition, PmvE was important for growth in presence of polyamines and that it was able to interact with putrescine. Bacterial adherence is an important step in the process of disease that facilitates colonization in the host. We characterized two new surface proteins, involved in the adherence and colonization. The first one, EfbA, localized on the enterococcal cell surface, probably contributing to an increased tropism for the kidney for the bacteria, and which has a role in UTIs. The second, CspR, is cold shock RNA binding protein located in both the cytoplasm and the surface of E. Faecalis. In addition to its involvement in the cold-shock response and in the long-term survival, CspR plays a role in the virulence of E. Faecalis
Montravers, Philippe. « Role pathogene de enterococcus faecalis dans les infections intra-abdominales ». Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA077332.
Texte intégralShorrock, Patricia J. « Surface properties of enterococcus faecalis in relation to infective endocarditis ». Thesis, Aston University, 1990. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/12534/.
Texte intégralBouças, Patrícia Domingues Pires. « Estudo da atividade gelatinolítica em amostras clínicas de Enterococcus faecalis ». Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, 2005. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000110060.
Texte intégralGelatinase is a potential virulence factor in Enterococci which are opportunistic pathogens that cause various types of infections in humans. The production of gelatinase was studied in 95 Enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from different types of clinical sources. Various environmental parameters including culture medium, temperature, pH, divalent cations, and carbon sources were examined for their effect on production of gelatinase. Enzyme activity was determined based on gelatin degradation in agar plates by filter-paper disks impregnated with bacterial cells, as evidenced by the formation of an opaque halo. Gelatinase production was sensitive to heat at a temperature greater than 50 °C, showing to associate with time of heat treatment. A greater number of enterococcal strains produced gelatinase when grown in medium containing beef extract and peptone as nutrient agar. Gelatinase activity was detected over wide pH range with an optimum at pH 8. Ca2+ and Zn2+ caused a reduction in gelatinase production while other common divalent cations (Fe2+ and Cu2+) inhibited it or had no effect (Mg2+). Gelatinolytic activity varied greatly when bacterial cells were supplemented with different carbohydrates as the carbon source, increasing with arabinose, xylose, glucose, maltose and mannose, while unchanged or decreasing with various other sugars. The results show that gelatinase production is strongly influenced by different environmental factors. Further studies are warranted to determine the mechanisms controlling the production of this potential virulence factor in Enterococci.
Ríos, Wilson Martín Alonso Facundo. « Modelo matemático de la homeostasis de cobre en enterococcus faecalis ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/148470.
Texte intégralLa homeostasis es un estado de equilibrio sobre las distintas condiciones internas que pre- servan los organismos vivos [17]. Como tales condiciones son afectadas por los estímulos del medio externo, los organismos vivos desarrollan complejos mecanismos de adaptación que les permiten mantener este estado de armonía interna. Casi la mitad de las enzimas, piezas claves en la maquinaria metabólica de los sistemas biológicos, necesitan de ciertos metales como el cobre, el hierro o el zinc para cumplir sus funciones [73]. Sin embargo, altas concentraciones de estos metales pueden producir la muerte del organismo [71]. Como resultado de esta di- námica, las bacterias han evolucionado complejos mecanismos homeostáticos para equilibrar la presencia de estos metales [71]. Basándose en evidencia experimental [51, 57, 39] y en trabajos de modelamiento previos [49], en el transcurso de esta memoria se busca describir matemáticamente la dinámica de la homeostasis del cobre en E. faecalis, haciendo uso de la teoría clásica de sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias y, recurriendo a herramientas recientes, provenientes de la teoría de sistemas dinámicos monótonos [22, 21, 6, 28]. Para enfrentar la complejidad y la no-linealidad de las ecuaciones que aparecen en los sistemas, provenientes de los formalismos de modelamiento de reacciones químicas, se divide el análisis en el estudio de dos modelos: a) un modelo que incluye solo ecuaciones polinomiales y b) un modelo más realista que incluye la descripción de fenómenos como la cooperatividad y saturación, usando funciones de regulación. Como resultados derivados de este análisis, se describe la homeostasis en términos cualitativos, concluyendo con la demostración de que este estado es un atractor global al cual el sistema tiende, a partir de una dinámica transiente. Además, se presentan simulaciones numéricas en las que se constata este tipo de comportamiento. Los hallazgos planteandos en este trabajo constituyen un primer paso para el estudio de estas propiedades en sistemas homeostáticos más generales. Esto último tiene una importan- cia crítica para el desarrollo de aplicaciones biotecnológicas en la industria como lo son, por ejemplo, los procesos de bioloxividación en la minería del cobre [1, 2].
Este trabajo ha sido parcialmente financiado por el proyecto Fondecyt de Iniciación 11150679 y el proyecto Fondap CRG 15090007
Nunez, Natalia. « Insights into the interaction of Enterococcus faecalis with host cells ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS381/document.
Texte intégralEnterococcus faecalis is a core member of the human gut microbiota. Harmless for healthy humans, it is able to cause disease in susceptible patients under antibiotic-induced microbiota alteration. Nowadays, E. faecalis ranks as the third cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. E. faecalis pathogenicity is a multifactorial process but the cellular mechanisms of its interaction with the host remain poorly understood. Using cellular models of infection and in vivo models, we aimed to characterize the role of the virulence factor ElrA during cellular infection. Our goal was also to determine if FHL2, an ElrA eukaryotic partner, was implicated in E. faecalis infection and the impact of ElrA-FHL2 interaction. We have demonstrated that ElrA acts as an invisibility cloak allowing E. faecalis to avoid macrophage recognition. Also, we have shown that FHL2 is implicated in the defense against E. faecalis infection, involving partially ElrA. In parallel, we showed that intracellular replication of E. faecalis in hepatic cells. Altogether, our work provides new insights in E. faecalis interactions with the host cell
Merlo, Thaís Panhan. « Comparação genotípica e fenotípica de Enterococcus faecalis resistentes à vancomicina isolados nos anos de 2009 e 2011 em um hospital de Minas Gerais ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-19122013-171502/.
Texte intégralEnterococci are Gram-positive cocci occurring isolated, in pairs (diplococci) or chains and belong to the intestinal tract of a wide variety of hosts, from mammalian to insect. Enterococcus organisms were originally considered of little clinical importance, but have proved important nosocomial pathogens. The fact that Enterococcus possess intrinsic and acquired resistance to multiple antibiotics complicates the treatment of infections caused by them. Enterococcus faecalis is usually the predominant species among enterococci isolates, with 80% to 90% of the clinical samples. The emergence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) significantly reduced the treatment options. The aim of this study was to identify and compare samples of vancomycin- resistant E. faecalis (VREfs) in patients in the years 2009 and 2011, during a surveillance program in Hospital Risoleta Tolentino Neves, Belo Horizonte, MG. Species identification was done by multiplex-PCR with primers species-specific and E. faecalis were selected for this study. Tests were conducted for the presence of genes elrA, cylLL, esp and gelE, the determination of the genotype responsible for the resistance and characterization of transposon containing the resistance gene, all by PCR. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined according to the CLSI (2013) to vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin and tigecycline and tests for resistance to high concentrations of aminoglycosides. Finally, the samples typing was performed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). It was found that 22.2 % of VRE isolates in 2009 and 61.7 % of isolates in 2011 belong to the species E. faecalis and these were used in the study. There was emergence of tigecycline resistance in 2011, with 10 resistant isolates, after the introduction of this drug in the hospital. One isolate from 2011 showed intermediate resistance to linezolid. All isolates were sensitive to daptomycin and highly vancomycin resistant, with MICs greater than 256 mg / mL. This high resistance to vancomycin is consistent with the vanA genotype found in all samples. The virulence profile prevalent in VREfs in 2009 was elrA+gelE+, belonging to the pulsotypes A1 and A4 and ST103. Only one isolate from 2009, presented pulsotype A1 and the virulence profile cyl+elrA+gelE+. In 2011, the prevalent virulence profile was cyl+esp+elrA+gelE+, and the 12 isolates with this profile belonged to pulsotypes B and C and ST6, which occurred only in 2011 isolates. Eleven isolates from 2011 have the profile elrA+gelE+ and were classified as pulsotype A, six isolates have profile cyl+elrA+gelE+ and are of pulsotypes B and D. PFGE results show the insertion of ST6 lineage in the hospital, a multiresistant clone widely disseminated in hospitals in Italy, Portugal, Spain and the United States. It was concluded that there were changes in the profile of E. faecalis resistant to vancomycin in the hospital over the two years, with increased resistance and more virulent strains, which are of concern.
Arruda, Theodora Thays Prado. « Perfil de sensibilidade de cepas planctônicas e biofilmes de enterococcus faecalis frente a desafios antimicrobianos ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2007. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/1783.
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Enterococcus faecalis has been suggested to be an important etiological agent in endodontic failure. It has been found in the root canal system in a perceptual ranging from 22% to 77% and it has been associated to organisms structured in biofilms. The aim of the present study was to evaluate, in vitro, the effectiveness of endodontic sealers, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, and 0.5% Lippia sidoides essential oil in eliminating E. faecalis biofilms. Clinical material was collected from 37 patients with root canal chronic infections and 14 Enterococcus faecalis strains were isolated (37.8%). Biofilms from a reference (ATCC) and a clinical multirresistant strain (isolate 12 ) were grown for 8 days. This period was selected based on a chronological study of the Enterococcus faecalis biofilm development through Atomic Force Microscopy. It was verified that there was a significant reduction of the bacteria number when the biofilms were exposed to the endodontic sealers related to the control for the two tested strains (p<0.001). Analyzing the ATCC strain, it was seen that the Epiphany® endodontic sealer presented similar action compared to Endofill® (p>0.05), similar result was found for Isolate 12. When the strains susceptibilities against the sealers was compared it was verified that the isolate 12 was less susceptible than the ATCC strain (p<0.001). It was verified that the 0.5% essential oil solution of Lippia siodides presented a similar action to 2.5% sodium hypochlorite when the biofilm of ATCC strain and isolate 12 were exposed for 10 minutes to this substances (p<0.001). Comparing the susceptibility of the two strains to the solutions tested, there was no difference between them (p>0.05)
Enterococcus faecalis foi sugerido como sendo um importante agente etiológico do insucesso endodôntico. Foi encontrado no sistema de canais radiculares em um percentual de 22% a 77% e foi associado com a formação de estruturas chamadas biofilmes. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, in vitro, a efetividade de cimentos endodônticos, hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5% e solução do óleo essencial da Lippia sidoides a 0,5% na eliminação de biofilmes de E. faecalis. Material clínico foi coletado de 37 pacientes com infecções crônicas do canal radicular e 14 cepas de Enterococcus faecalis foram isoladas (37,8%). Biofilmes de uma cepa de coleção de cultura (ATCC) e de uma cepa clínica multiresistente (Isolado 12) foram incubados por 8 dias. Esse período foi selecionado baseado em estudo cronológico do desenvolvimento de biofilmes de Enterococcus faecalis através de Microscopia de Força Atômica. Foi verificado que houve uma redução significativa no número de bactérias quando os biofilmes foram expostos aos cimentos endodônticos em relação ao controle para as duas cepas testadas (p<0.001). Analisando a cepa ATCC, foi verificado que o cimento endodôntico Epiphany® apresentou ação similar ao cimento Endofill® (p>0.05); resultado semelhante foi encontrado para o isolado 12. Quando a susceptibilidade das cepas frente aos cimentos endodônticos foi comparada verificou-se que o Isolado 12 foi menos susceptível comparado à cepa ATCC (p<0.001). Observou-se que a solução do óleo essencial de Lippia siodides a 0,5% apresentou ação similar ao hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5% quando os biofilmes das duas cepas foram expostos por 10 minutos a essas substâncias (p<0.001). Comparando a susceptibilidade das duas cepas às soluções testadas, não houve diferença entre elas (p>0.05)
Dantas, Thereza Cristina Farias Botelho. « Terapia fotodinâmica e plasma de baixa temperatura e pressão como tratamentos alternativos contra biofilmes endodônticos patogênicos ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/15302.
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Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy (PACT) and Low Pressure Cold Plasma emerged as an effective adjunctive procedure to conventional endodontic treatment, especially in case of persistent infection. This study was divided into four chapters, which objectives were: Chapter 1) investigate the antibacterial effects of photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT), with different concentrations of toluidine blue-O (TBO), at three different exposure times, over suspensions of Enterococcus faecalis, using a fluorescence probe – Dihydrorhodamine 1, 2,3 for detecting the release of ROS. Chapter 2) study the antimicrobial effect of PACT mediated by Toluidine blue-O activated by red light (LumaCare® LC122) on Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans biofilms. Chapter 3) a tissue-tolerable-plasma (TTP) was tested for its antimicrobial activity against mature biofilm of a key endodontic bacterium Enterococcus faecalis. Chapter 4) evaluate the anti-biofilm efficacy of PACT and TTP applied on saliva-coated-teeth with 2-week E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) biofilm, treated with PACT and TTP for 3 different exposure times (1, 2 and 5 minutes) and compared with 2.5% NaOCl irrigation for 5 minutes. In chapters 2 and 3 biofilms were formed on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs using batch culture method at 37°C, 5% CO2. BHI broth was changed daily. In chapter 2, mature E. faecalis and C. albicans biofilms were subjected to PACT using TBO (100 μg/mL), using a non-coherent red light source (LumaCare®, 630 nm, 2 mm distance) and energy density of 118.9 J/cm2, 237.8 J/cm2 and 594.5 J/cm2 (chapter 2). Using the same growth conditions, mature E. faecalis biofilms were subject to TTP on chapter 3. The results were expressed by counting colony forming units (cfu) and group means were compared using 1-way ANOVA. The anti-biofilm effect of PACT and TTP improved as exposure time was increased, reaching the maximum effect after 5 minutes of treatment for both therapies. After 5 min of exposure, there is a significant reduction in cfu numbers in PACT and TTP treatments (p<0.05), but neither treatment was as effective as 2.5% NaOCl irrigation. Using root canals in vitro model (chapter 4) TTP was better than PACT, at 5 minutes of exposure. Bacterial killing was confirmed by CLSM/COMSTAT and SEM analysis
A terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana (TFDA) e o plasma de baixa temperatura e pressão (PBTP) surgem como tratamentos coadjuvantes à terapia endodôntica convencional, diante do surgimento de cepas resistentes e complexidades anatômicas do canal radicular. Esse estudo foi dividido em 4 capítulos, cujos objetivos foram: Capítulo 1) avaliar o efeito da TFDA mediada pelo TBO em diferentes concentrações e tempos de exposição à luz na produção de EROS e a viabilidade celular em culturas planctônicas de E. faecalis. Capítulo 2) avaliar os efeitos da TFDA realizada com AOT e fonte de luz vermelha, em três diferentes tempos de exposição na viabilidade de biofilmes maduros de E. faecalis e C. albicans. Capítulo 3) avaliar os efeitos do PBTP, em três diferentes tempos de exposição, na viabilidade de biofilmes maduros de E. faecalis. Capítulo 4) comparar o efeito da TFDA e do PBTP em canais radiculares infectados com biofilmes maduros de E. Faecalis, nos mesmos tempos de exposição para as duas terapias. Nos capítulos 2 e 3, os biofilmes foram crescidos em discos de hidroxiapatita, imersos em Brain-heart infusion broth (E. faecalis por 15 dias) ou RPMI 1640 medium (C. albicans por 72 horas). Os biofilmes maduros foram submetidos à TFDA mediada pelo fotossentitizador AOT (100 μg/mL) e fonte de luz vermelha (LumaCare®, 630 nm, 2 mm de distância), com densidades de energia de 118,9 J/cm2, (1 min) 237,8 J/cm2 (2 min) e 594,5 J/cm2 (5 min) (capítulo 2). Nas mesmas condições, biofilmes maduros de E. faecalis foram também submetidos à ação do PBTP (capítulo 3). Tanto a TFDA como PBTP apresentaram-se eficazes como agentes antimicrobianos em um efeito dose- dependente. No capítulo 4, 96 dentes unirradiculares foram preparados com instrumentação mecanizada. Os espécimes foram divididos em 8 grupos: 1-3 – dentes submetidos à TFDA; 4-6 dentes submetidos ao PBTP e dois grupos-controle – hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5% (positivo) e dentes sem tratamento (negativo). Os dados foram tabulados e tratados estatisticamente pelo método ANOVA (p<0,05). Houve uma redução da microbiota em todos os grupos de tratamento, com diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos tratados pelo PBTP e TFDA, no tempo de exposição de 5 minutos. Conclui-se então que a TFDA e o PBTP, nos parâmetros testados, apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana eficaz contra os biofilmes estudados, nos dois modelos in vitro apresentados.
Farac, Roberta Vieira [UNESP]. « Avaliação do efeito bactericida do ozônio associado ao propilenoglicol em canais radiculares contaminados com enterococcus faecalis em diferentes períodos de tempo de armazenagem ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90411.
Texte intégralCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O presente estudo avaliou, ex vivo, atividade antimicrobiana do ozônio, associado ao veículo propilenoglicol e ao hidróxido de cálcio em canais radiculares contaminados com Enterococcus faecalis. Foram utilizados 50 dentes humanos unirradiculados, doados pelo Banco de Dentes da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara. Após remoção das coroas dentárias, os canais radiculares foram instrumentados até uma lima endodôntica tipo kerr de número 50, e em seguida, os espécimes foram esterilizados, e os canais radiculares contaminados com E. faecalis e incubados a 37 ± 1°C por 21 dias. Os espécimes foram aleatoriamente divididos em cinco grupos experimentais, de acordo com a medicação utilizada: GI – Ozônio com propilenoglicol (n=11); GII - hidróxido de cálcio com paramonoclorofenolcanforado - PMCC (n=11), GIII – propilenoglicol com pó de hidróxido de cálcio ozonizado (n=11), GIV – grupo controle positivo – não foi colocada nenhuma medicação (n=11) e GV – grupo controle negativo – não foram contaminados (n=6). As coletas foram realizadas coletas após sete e quatorze dias e o crescimento microbiano verificado por meio da contagem de unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC) de E. faecalis. Os resultados que foram submetidos ao teste não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis, seguido pelo teste de Dunn e também pelo teste nãoparamétrico de Friedman sendo ambos com um nível de significância de 0,05, mostraram que o propilenoglicol ozonizado e o hidróxido de cálcio com PMCC reduziram estatisticamente o número de bactérias quando comparados ao grupo controle positivo em 7 e 14 dias, não apresentando diferenças estatísticas entre eles; o hidróxido de cálcio ozonizado não reduziu estatisticamente o número de bactérias quando comparados ao grupo controle positivo em 7 e 14 dias e o propilenoglicol ozonizado e o hidróxido de cálcio PMCC não apresentaram diferença...
This study evaluated in vitro bactericidal effect of ozone associated with the vehicle propylene glycol and calcium hydroxide in root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. It used 50 single-rooted human teeth, donated by the teeth of the Faculty of Dentistry of Araraquara. After removal of dental crowns, root canals were instrumented to an endodontic kerr file number 50, and then the specimens were sterilized, and the root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis and incubated at 37 ± 1 ° C for 21 days. The specimens were randomly divided into five experimental groups, according to the medication used: GI - ozone with propylene glycol (n = 11), group II - calcium hydroxide with paramonoclorofenolcanforado - PMCC (n = 11), GIII – propylene glycol added powder calcium hydroxide ozoized (n=11), GIV - positive control group - was not placed any medication (n = 11) and GV - negative control group - were not infected (n = 6). Microbiological samples were collected after seven and fourteen days and the microbial growth observed at the count of the number of colony forming units of E. faecalis. The results were analyzed using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn's test and also by the non-parametric Friedman and both with a significance level of 0.05, showed that the propylene ozonized and calcium hydroxide with PMCC statistically reduced the number of bacteria when compared to positive control group at 7 and 14 days, calcium hydroxide ozonized not statistically reduced the number of bacteria when compared to positive control group at 7 and 14 days and propylene ozonized calcium hydroxide and CMCP showed no statistically significant differences in bacterial growth at 7 and 14 days.In a descending order of bactericidal action in the two study periods, is calcium hydroxide PMCC, followed by propylene ozonized and ozonized calcium hydroxide
Aranda, Garcia Arturo Javier [UNESP]. « Efetividade antibacteriana de soluções irrigadoras e sistema Endox Plus no tratamento de canais radiculares ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101652.
Texte intégralCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a efetividade antibacteriana de soluções irrigadoras e do sistema Endox Plus no preparo de canais radiculares. Capítulo 1 - Para comparar a efetividade antibacteriana da solução de hipoclorito de sódio (NaOCl), MTAD BioPure e do Sistema Endox Plus durante o preparo biomecânico, foram utilizadas 70 raízes de dentes humanos unirradiculados contaminadas com cepa de E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) e incubadas por 21 dias. Os espécimes foram divididos em cinco grupos: GI- Sistema Endox Plus, GII- NaOCl 2.5 % /MTAD, GIII- NaOCl 2,5% /EDTA, GIV- solução salina (controle positivo), GV- Controle negativo (sem instrumentação/irrigação). Foi realizada a análise microbiológica das amostras por meio de diluições seriadas e a contagem das UFCs. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente por ANOVA e Tukey post-hoc (p < 0,05). Todos os espécimes mostraram crescimento bacteriano após o período de contaminação com similar contagem de UFC/mL log, sem diferença estatística entre os grupos. Após os procedimentos houve uma redução da quantidade de bactérias em todos os grupos, exceto no controle negativo. Não houve diferenças estatísticas significantes entre os GI e GIV. Os grupos II e III não mostraram crescimento bacteriano, mostrando diferença estatística com os outros grupos. Na coleta final, houve um aumento na contagem bacteriana nos grupos I, II, III e IV, sem diferença significativa entre eles. Porém, houve diferença na proliferação bacteriana quando comparados com a coleta pós-preparo. O sistema Endox Plus demonstrou a menor efetividade antibacteriana quando comparado às soluções de NaOCl 2,5% /MTAD e NaOCl 2,5% /EDTA e, todos os procedimentos avaliados permitiram a proliferação bacteriana após 7 dias, mostrando a permanência...
The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of irrigating solutions and the Endox Plus system in the treatment of the root canals. Chapter I- In order to compare the antimicrobial effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite solution (NaOCl), MTAD Biopure and Endox Plus system during chemomechanical preparation, were used 70 single-rooted human teeth, which were contaminated with the strain of E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and incubated for 21 days. The specimens were divided into five groups: GI- Endox Plus system, GII- NaOCl 2.5% /MTAD, GIII- NaOCl 2.5% /EDTA, GIV- saline solution (positive control), GV- negative control (without instrumentation/irrigation). Microbiological analysis of the samples consisted in evaluation of the CFUs. The data obtained were statistically analyzed by ANOVA tests and Tukey post-hoc (p<0.05). The specimens showed bacterial growth after the initial incubation period with similar counting of CFU/mL log, with no statistical difference among the groups. After the procedures there was a decrease of the amount of bacteria in all groups, except in the negative control. There were no statistically differences between the GI and GIV. The GII and GIII didn’t show bacterial growth, showing statistical differences with the other groups. In the final sample, bacterial counts increased in groups I, II, III, IV, with no statistically significant differences among the groups, but there was a difference when compared to the post-instrumentation sample. The Endox Plus system presented the lowest antibacterial effectiveness when compared to the solutions of NaOCl 2.5% /MTAD y NaOCl 2.5% /EDTA and all the evaluated procedures allowed the recovery of bacteria 7 days after treatment, demonstrating persistence of infection in the root canal system. Chapter II- The antibacterial... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Guillen, Raquel Esmeralda Guillen. « Remoção mecânica de Enterococcus faecalis em canais preparados com Wave One Gold ou One Shape New Generation ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23134/tde-25062018-113720/.
Texte intégralThe root canal preparation aims to remove the bacteria that can cause periapical pathologies, and endodontic instruments are constantly being improved to make root canal treatment easier, faster and safer. Thus, new instruments need to be evaluated for their performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bacterial removal promoted by Wave One Gold and One Shape New Generation systems in comparison to that of their predecessor systems. Forty-six distobuccal root canals of upper molars sterilized with ethylene oxide were infected with Enterococcus faecalis for 21 days, and then root canal initial bacterial sampling was collected and plated on M-enterococcus agar to bacterial count in colony forming unities. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups according to the instrumentation (n=12): Wave One Gold Primary, One Shape New Generation 25/.06, Wave One Primary and One Shape 25/.06, and the other 8 uncontaminated canals were used as asepsis control. All groups used distilled water as irrigant. New sampling was obtained immediately after instrumentation and at 7 days. The bacterial reduction was calculated in percentage, after that intra-group analysis was carried out by Wilcoxon test, and inter-group analysis by Kruskal-Wallis complemented by Dunn\'s test, all at 5% significance. All the systems significantly reduced the bacterial amount in the root canal in both immediate and at 7 days sampling (p<0.05). The bacterial amount increased at 7 days after preparation comparing to immediate sampling (p<0.05). The analysis between groups showed that Wave One Gold and One Shape New Generation promoted greater bacterial reduction than Wave One and One Shape systems (p<0.05). No significant difference was found between Wave One Gold and One Shape New Generation or between Wave One and One Shape (p>0.05). It can be concluded that Wave One Gold and One Shape New Generation promote greater bacterial removal than their predecessor systems.
Arias, Marcela Paola Castro. « Influência da agitação ultrassônica na ação antimicrobiana de pastas de hidróxido de cálcio e própolis ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25147/tde-03092013-151731/.
Texte intégralThe purpose was to evaluate the influence of ultrasonic agitation (U) on the antimicrobial potential and penetrability of calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes with or without the ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) in propylene glycol (10%) using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) and microbiological cultures (MC) of infected dentin. Seventy two cylindrical dentin specimens were infected with Enterococcus faecalis in BHI broth using a new contamination protocol for 5 days with centrifugations. During the experimental period, the specimens were divided into 4 groups and dressed with the following: Group1- CH paste, Group 2 - CH + EEP, Group 3 CH + U and Group 4 CH + EEP + U. The ultrasonic activation was made during 1 minute in both directions (buccal-lingual / mesio-distal), with the aid of plain point insertion. The medications remained in the root canals for 15 days. The CLSM analyzed the viable (green) and dead (red) bacteria in the infected dentinal tubules, with Live and Dead dye. The colony forming units (CFUs) count was made possible with the MC method. The dentinal wall debris were collected and diluted to be seeded on Petri BHI-agar plates. For the penetration test, the dye Rodamine B was added to CH pastes during the manipulation and analysed by CLSM. Group 1 (CH) showed the greatest bacteria viability in the infected dentinal tubes and Group 4 (CH + EEP+ U) the lowest. Ultrasonic activation created a significant reduction of bacteria viability for all groups. The CH + EEP paste was more bactericidal than the CH (p< 0.05%). It was possible to conclude that ultrasonic activation of CH pastes increased the antimicrobial action and was responsible for better intradentinal penetration with fulfilling of the dentinal tubules.
Pereira, Thaís Cristina. « Descontaminação intra-tubular de dentes bovinos por pastas de hidróxido de calcio associadas a diferentes veículos ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25147/tde-03092015-093719/.
Texte intégralBiomechanical preparation followed by irrigation in endodontic treatment of infected root canals has been shown, however, some micro-organisms still survive. The most frequently founded bacterial specie in endodontic treatment fail is Enterococcus faecalis. To combat it, different intra-canal medications are used, mainly the calcium hydroxide pastes and other substances have been associated to calcium hydroxide to leverage it antimicrobial effect. Thus, its relevant to compare in vitro the antimicrobial ability of calcium hydroxide with different vehicles and additives, against Enterococcus faecalis, through microbiological culture and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). For this, standard dentine tubes were sterilized and then infected with the bacteria for 5 days and were divided in five test-groups, submitted to medication for 15 days with calcium hydroxide paste in distilled water (G1), in propylene glycol (G2), besides clacium hydroxide in propylene glycol with ethanol extract of propolis (G3), chlorexidine (G4) and CPMC (G5). After the medication period, the bacterial collection of the dentine´s fragments was done with Largos drill in a sterilized device, to count micro-organisms still viable in colony forming units. The CLSM evaluated the viable (green) and dead (red) bacteria inside the dentinal tubules with the aid of the Live and Dead® dye. There was dentinal intra-tubular antimicrobial action against Enterococcus faecalis for all the tested calcium hydroxide pastes. From this work was possible to observe a better antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis by the calcium hydroxide paste in propylene glycol and CPMC in superficial and deep areas of the dentine.
Ferreira, Marcio Salles. « Resistência de três materiais retrobturadores frente à infiltração microbiana por Enterococcus faecalis ». Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3898.
Texte intégralO objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a capacidade de selamento apical de três materiais retrobturadores em dentes submetidos à infiltração microbiana por Enterococcus faecalis. Além de analisar a ocorrência da infiltração microbiana em relação à variável tempo. Para tal, foram utilizados 45 incisivos superiores permanentes humanos extraídos, instrumentados com o sistema rotatório ProTaper Universal (MAILLEFER) e obturados pela técnica Híbrida de Tagger, com cimento endodôntico: AH Plus (DENTSPLY). A apicetomia foi realizada com a remoção de 3mm do terço apical e o retropreparo confeccionado com pontas ultrasônicas. As amostras foram subdivididas, aleatoriamente, em três grupos com 15 dentes cada, e dois grupos controles. Os materiais utilizados para a retrobturação foram MTA branco (ANGELUS), Sealer 26 (Dentsply), Palacos-R (HERAEUS KULZER). Foram confeccionados dispositivos para fixação dos dentes aos tubos Eppendorfs. As amostras foram inoculadas com cepas de E. faecalis e incubadas a 37C, por um período de 60 dias, para análise da presença de turvação do meio Enterococosel. Para a realização da análise estatística foram utilizados os seguintes testes: Quiquadrado pela correção de Yates, Prova Exata de Fisher e pela curva de sobrevivência com os testes Mantel-Cox e o Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon. Os resultados mostraram que todos os grupos nos quais foi realizada a obturação e a posterior retrobturação apresentaram infiltração. Comparando todos os grupos, houve diferença significativa entre o Palacos-R e o Sealer 26. Mas não houve diferença significativa entre o Palacos-R e o MTA e nem do MTA com o Sealer 26. Em relação aos materiais retrobturadores, o Palacos-R obteve a menor infiltração, seguido do MTA branco e do Sealer 26.
The objective of this study was to compare the apical sealing ability of three root-end filling materials in teeth submitted to the microbial leakage by Enterococcus faecalis. Besides analyzing the occurrence of the microbial leakage in relation to the variable time.For such, 45 incisiv permanent superior teeth extracted from humans were used, which were instrumented with ProTaper Universal system (MAILLEFER) and filled by the Hybrid of Tagger compaction technique, with endodontic sealer: AH Plus (DENTSPLY). The apices were resected with the removal of 3mm of the apical third and the root-end cavities prepared with ultrasonic tips. The samples were subdivided, randomly, in three groups with 15 teeth each, and two control groups. The materials used for the retrofilling were white MTA (ANGELUS), Sealer26 (DENTSPLY), Palacos-R (HERAEUS KULZER). Devices were made for fixation of the teeth to the Eppendorf tubes. The filling samples were inoculated with strains of E. faecalis and incubated at 37C, for a period of 30 days, for analysis of the presence of turbidity of Enterococosel medium. For the accomplishment of the statistical analysis the following tests were used: Quisquare by Yates correction, Fisher Exact Test and survival curve testing Mantel-Cox and the Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon. The results showed that all the groups in which the filling was accomplished and the subsequent retrofilling presented leakage. Comparing all the groups, it had significant difference between the Palacos-R and Sealer 26. But it did not have significant difference between the Palacos-R and the MTA and nor of the MTA with Sealer 26. In regard to only the root-end filling materials, Palacos-R obtained the smallest leakage, followed by white MTA and Sealer26.
Nascimento, Viviane Dias Martini Alves. « Infiltração microbiana por Enterococcus faecalis em canais retrobturados com MTA, iRoot SP e Endo CPM Sealer ». Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3919.
Texte intégralO objetivo deste trabalho consistiu na análise da infiltração apical em dentes retrobturados por três materiais: MTA, iROOT SP e Endo CPM Sealer. Para tal, foram utilizados 51 dentes humanos extraídos, incisivos centrais superiores, que foram instrumentados manualmente com limas tipo K, pela técnica Crown-down, obturados com compactação lateral e, após serem apicectomizados a 3mm aquém do ápice foram submetidos à retrobturação, com os três materiais propostos. As amostras foram divididas, randomicamente, em três grupos: GI MTA, GII iROOT SP e GIII Endo CPM Sealer, cada grupo com 15 amostras. Os dentes foram inseridos em tubos de eppendorfs, e feitos a impermeabilização do remanescente radicular utilizando duas camadas de cianocrilato, epóxi, e outra camada de esmalte. Em cada eppendorf foi adicionado caldo TSB estéril e uma suspensão de Enterococcos faecalis e adaptado ao frasco de vidro com meio de cultura enterococcosel. A infiltração bacteriana foi verificada pela turvação do meio de cultura. Após a análise no período de 60 dias, podemos concluir que durante esse tempo ocorreram infiltrações no Grupo I, 43,75 % das amostras apresentaram turvamento do meio de cultura demonstrando persistência da infecção. Já no Grupo II, 31,25 % das amostras tiveram crescimento bacteriano. Por fim no Grupo III, 25,00 % houve a infiltração. Grupos controle positivo e negativo para crescimento bacteriano foram realizados (n=3, cada). Os cimentos testados comportaram-se de maneira semelhante frente à infiltração bacteriana durante o período testado.
The objective of this study consisted in the analysis of apical leakage in retrofilled teeth by three materials: MTA, iROOT SP and Endo CPM Sealer. 51 extracted human central incisors were instrumented manually with K-type files by Crown-down technique, filled by lateral compactation and apicectomyzed to 3mm below the apex. Then, teeth were retrofilling with the three proposed materials. The samples were divided, randomly, in three groups: GI - MTA, GII - iROOT SP and GIII - Endo CPM Sealer, each group with 15 samples. Teeth were inserted into eppendorf tubes, and the remaining root were sealed using two layers of cyanoacrylate, epoxy, and another layer of nail varnish. In each eppendorf tube were added sterile TSB broth and a suspension of Enterococcos faecalis. The body proof was adapted to a glass bottle with culture medium Enterococcosel. The bacterial leakage was checked by turbidity of the culture medium. After analysis within 60 days the bacterial leakage was recorded: the Group I showed infiltration in 43.75% of body proof, the Group II in 31.25% and Group III 25%. Positive and negative control groups for bacterial growth were performed (n = 3, each). We can conclude that the tested cements behave similarly to bacterial infiltration front during the period tested.
Geiss-Liebisch, Stefan Thomas [Verfasser], et Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Bechthold. « Accessory cell wall polymers in Enterococcus faecalis V583 and their contribution to complement resistance = Sekundäre Zellwandpolysaccharide in Enterococcus faecalis V583 und ihre Rolle in der Komplementresistenz ». Freiburg : Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1123469865/34.
Texte intégralSava, Georgeta Irina. « Investigations on Enterococcus faecalis glycolipids and their role in bacterial virulence ». Lübeck Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1002133866/34.
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