Articles de revues : « Enforcement strategie »

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MURJI, KARIM. « Drug Enforcement Strategies ». Howard Journal of Criminal Justice 32, n^o 3 (août 1993) : 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2311.1993.tb00777.x.

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Hansen, Lars Gårn, Signe Krarup et Clifford S. Russell. « Enforcement and Information Strategies ». Journal of Regulatory Economics 30, n^o 1 (juillet 2006) : 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11149-006-0008-3.

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Darmansyah, Fehbi, et Dwi Prasetyanto. « STRATEGI PENEGAKAN HUKUM DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESELAMATAN LALU LINTAS DI KOTA BANDUNG ». Jurnal Transportasi 19, n^o 1 (29 avril 2019) : 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/jt.v19i1.3258.11-20.

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Abstract Traffic violations are important factors that increase the risk of road accidents. Therefore, targeted and appropriate policy measures to improve compliance with road traffic regulations need to be developed. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of compliance of road users and strategic concepts of law enforcement that are able to improve compliance of road users and traffic safety. Secondary data used in this study were obtained from Polrestabes Bandung. The existing data shows that, in the past 10 years, traffic accidents that occurred in the City of Bandung have claimed the average death toll of 200 people per year. Overall, a single measure of law enforcement has proved insufficient to substantially reduce the risk of accidents in the long run. Law enforcement strategies that combine several policies to improve compliance of road users are generally more efficient. Keywords: traffic safety, traffic accidents, law enforcement, road user compliance Abstrak Pelanggaran lalu lintas merupakan suatu faktor penting yang meningkatkan risiko kecelakaan di jalan. Karena itu, langkah-langkah kebijakan yang tepat sasaran dan tepat guna untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan terhadap peraturan lalu lintas jalan perlu dikembangkan. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kepatuhan pengguna jalan dan konsep strategis penegakan hukum yang mampu meningkatkan kepatuhan pengguna jalan dan keselamatan lalu lintas. Data sekunder yang digunakan pada studi ini diperoleh dari Polrestabes Bandung. Data yang ada menunjukkan bahwa dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun terakhir kecelakaan lalu lintas yang terjadi di Kota Bandung telah merenggut korban meninggal rata-rata 200 orang per tahun. Secara keseluruhan, ukuran penegakan hukum tunggal terbukti tidak cukup untuk secara substansial mengurangi risiko kecelakaan dalam jangka panjang. Strategi penegakan hukum yang menggabungkan beberapa kebijakan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan pengguna jalan umumnya lebih efisien. Kata-kata kunci: keselamatan lalu lintas, kecelakaan lalu lintas, penegakan hukum, kepatuhan pengguna jalan

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Miller, Nathan H. « Strategic Leniency and Cartel Enforcement ». American Economic Review 99, n^o 3 (1 mai 2009) : 750–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.99.3.750.

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The cornerstone of cartel enforcement in the United States and elsewhere is a commitment to the lenient prosecution of early confessors. A burgeoning game-theoretical literature is ambiguous regarding the impacts of leniency. I develop a theoretical model of cartel behavior that provides empirical predictions and moment conditions, and apply the model to the complete set of indictments and information reports issued over a 20-year span. Statistical tests are consistent with the notion that leniency enhances deterrence and detection capabilities. The results have implications for market efficiency and enforcement efforts against cartels and other forms of organized crime. (JEL D43, L12, L13, K21)

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Lawton, Thomas C., Johan P. Lindeque et Steven M. McGuire. « Multilateralism and the Multinational Enterprise ». Business and Politics 11, n^o 2 (août 2009) : 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1274.

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How do multilateral institutions influence the strategic choices and actions of international managers? This paper addresses the question by exploring the impact of the World Trade Organization's (WTO) decision-making process on multinational enterprises (MNEs). We discuss the three phases of the WTO decision-making lifecycle - the formulation of trade rules, the implementation of those rules, and the enforcement of the rules – and propose a strategic adjustment framework for understanding how companies alter their strategies and structures in response to the WTO's rules and operations. We argue that the increased relevance of multilateral rules and enforcement mechanisms – embodied in the WTO - is an important influence on MNE strategies and structures because of the increasing embeddedness of the WTO in national levels of regulation. We illustrate this through examples taken from the pharmaceutical, textiles and sugar industries sectors that have witnessed substantial multilateral regulation.

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Goldstein, Lyle J. « Chinese fisheries enforcement : Environmental and strategic implications ». Marine Policy 40 (juillet 2013) : 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2012.12.007.

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Coyne, John William, et Peter Bell. « Strategic intelligence in law enforcement : a review ». Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism 6, n^o 1 (avril 2011) : 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18335330.2011.553179.

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Chermak, Steven, Edmund F. McGarrell et Alexander Weiss. « Citizens' perceptions of aggressive traffic enforcement strategies ». Justice Quarterly 18, n^o 2 (1 juin 2001) : 365–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07418820100094941.

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Mohamad, N. A. « A Study on Gender and Vehicle Use in Relation to Awareness and Attitude toward Festive Season OPS ». Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia 2, n^o 1 (28 avril 2021) : 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v2i1.73.

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This paper shall examine the role of gender and type of vehicle most frequently used by road users (car and motorcycle) in relation to their awareness and attitude towards traffic enforcement. These two factors, namely role of gender and vehicle type, have not been fully understood especially in the context of enforcement efforts. The study includes analysis of survey data from a perception study on OPS Raya Aidilfitri 2016 traffic enforcement during festive season. Nonparametric testing and mean analysis were performed to determine any association between gender and vehicle with visibility (awareness) and attitude toward enforcement activities. The findings suggest that road users specifically car drivers and motorcyclists moderately agree with the effectiveness of such enforcement efforts. Male respondents and car drivers were considerably more aware of enforcement activities compared to female respondents and motorcyclists. In addition, females were found to be more favourable in their attitude towards enforcement compared to males. Gender and vehicle use significantly influenced road users' awareness and attitude to enforcement. Thus, the authority and agencies involved in traffic enforcement should consider strategies to incorporate these variables in order to increase effectiveness of enforcement efforts. For instance, enforcers may consider placing enforcement signage and conduct roadside checks in more strategic locations to increase visibility to road users.

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R K, Biju. « Childhood Statelessness : Critiquing International Norms and Enforcement Strategies ». Brawijaya Law Journal 8, n^o 1 (30 avril 2021) : 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.blj.2021.008.01.07.

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Over the past decade, there has been renewed interest in and commitment to resolving the endemic problem of statelessness, most clearly exemplified by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees’ Global Action Plan to End Statelessness 2014-24, which sets out to end statelessness by 2024. Despite the plethora of recent attention to questions of citizenship, its converse, the problem of statelessness and its effect on children, has not been adequately investigated. This paper attempts to delineate the causes of childhood statelessness in particular and to analyze the international legal framework for reducing and preventing it. It examines how statelessness is created, how it persists and why it brings with it the deprivations it does. It then subjects the customary and modern international legal norms governing childhood statelessness and enforcement strategies at Global level to close scrutiny and identifies the clearly discernible drawbacks and road blocks. It concludes with suggestions, inter alia, to make the jus soli citizenship a mandatory default clause in the citizenship laws of every country, to further prioritize birth registration and data collection and to strengthen the UPR process and reporting procedure.

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Sparrow, Malcolm K. « Network vulnerabilities and strategic intelligence in law enforcement∗ ». International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence 5, n^o 3 (janvier 1991) : 255–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08850609108435181.

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McAfee, R. Preston, Hugo M. Mialon et Sue H. Mialon. « Private v. public antitrust enforcement : A strategic analysis ». Journal of Public Economics 92, n^o 10-11 (octobre 2008) : 1863–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2008.04.005.

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Raff, Zach, et Dietrich Earnhart. « EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE ENFORCEMENT STRATEGIES ON WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT ». Economic Inquiry 56, n^o 2 (18 janvier 2018) : 1357–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12549.

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Pei, Minxin. « How Not to Fight Corruption : Lessons from China ». Daedalus 147, n^o 3 (juillet 2018) : 216–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00512.

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The most effective anticorruption strategies combine prevention and enforcement. Yet the political payoffs are greater for enforcement-centered strategies, even though they often fail to achieve durable objectives. Autocratic regimes with endemic corruption thus tend to prefer enforcement-centered anticorruption strategies: they are easier to contain, while prevention-centered strategies risk undermining the rulers’ bases of power. This explains why the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has consistently favored an enforcement-centered anticorruption strategy. However, an overemphasis on enforcement, in the Chinese political context at least, has resulted in the politicization of anticorruption efforts and a lack of sustainability of such efforts.

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Wardlaw, Grant. « The Realities of Drug Enforcement ». Journal of Drug Issues 16, n^o 2 (avril 1986) : 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268601600205.

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This paper presents a critical evaluation of various drug enforcement strategies (such as supply reduction overseas, dramatic increases in customs and domestic law enforcement resources, forfeiture of proceeds of drug trafficking, harsher penalties, and targetting high-level drug distributors) and demonstrates the limitations and advantages of these approaches. Based on this analysis, it is argued that attempts to control illegal drug use by law enforcement strategies must necessarily fail. Some comments are offered about the proper place of law enforcement in a drug control policy.

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Tang, Tianpei, Yuntao Guo, Guohui Zhang, Hua Wang et Quan Shi. « Understanding the Interaction between Cyclists’ Traffic Violations and Enforcement Strategies : An Evolutionary Game-Theoretic Analysis ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n^o 22 (15 novembre 2020) : 8457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228457.

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An evolutionary game-theoretic analysis method is developed in this study to understand the interactions between cyclists’ traffic violations and the enforcement strategies. The evolutionary equilibrium stabilities were analysed under a fixed (FPS) and a dynamic penalty strategy (DPS). The simulation-based numerical experiments show that: (i) the proposed method can be used to study the interactions between traffic violations and the enforcement strategies; (ii) FPS and DPS can reduce cyclists’ probability of committing traffic violations when the perceived traffic violations’ relative benefit is less than the traffic violation penalty and the enforcement cost is less than the enforcement benefit, and using DPS can yield a stable enforcement outcome for law enforcement compared to using FPS; and (iii) strategy-related (penalty amount, enforcement effectiveness, and enforcement cost) and attitudinal factors (perceived relative benefit, relative public image cost, and cyclists’ attitude towards risk) can affect the enforcement strategy’s impacts on reducing cyclists’ traffic violations.

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Gao, Hewen, Fei Li, Jinhua Zhang et Yu Sun. « A Study of the Strategic Interaction in Environmental Regulation Based on Spatial Effects ». Systems 11, n^o 2 (23 janvier 2023) : 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems11020062.

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The incomplete enforcement of environmental regulations in China is a serious issue in environmental protection affairs, and this paper attempts to provide a new explanation for its prevalence from the perspective of strategic interaction. Under Chinese decentralization, environmental regulations are seen by local governments as a tool to compete for scarce resources, which leads to strategic interactions between regions. Therefore, under the theoretical framework of regional policy spillovers, this paper examines the strategic interaction behavior of local governments in environmental regulation with a spatial econometric approach research methodology based on panel data of 29 Chinese provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) from 2015 to 2019, taking spatial interdependence and the strategic interaction relationship of local governments as the entry point. The study finds that the intensity of environmental regulation in a region is not only related to the characteristics of the region, but also related to the intensity of environmental regulation in competing provinces, and there is a significant strategic interaction of environmental regulation behavior between regions, which is manifested as complementary spatial strategies. If the neighboring provinces invest more in environmental regulation, the region will also strengthen its level of environmental regulation accordingly, showing the contagiousness of non-complete enforcement of environmental regulation. At the same time, the complementary strategic interaction behavior of environmental regulation between regions has weakened since 2017, which highlights the role of green environmental performance assessment. Based on this, this paper proposes to provide a policy reference to avoid the environmental regulation enforcement dilemma.

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Grossberg, Lou Ann, Alexandra Loukas, Alejandra Fernandez, Lara A. Latimer et Shelley Karn. « Examining Student Perceptions of Tobacco Policy Enforcement on College Campuses in Texas ». Health Education & ; Behavior 47, n^o 5 (8 juillet 2020) : 692–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198120939488.

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Background. Colleges across the country are adopting tobacco-free policies to prevent and decrease tobacco use among college-aged young adults. Aims. This study examines differences between nontobacco, single-product, and polytobacco users’ perceptions of the importance of enforcing tobacco-free policies, support for various enforcement strategies, and success of policy enforcement on campuses. Method. A Kruskal-Wallis test was conducted to examine group differences on the importance of enforcing polices, support for enforcement strategies, and success of policy enforcement among 10,351 students attending 10 Texas colleges. Results. Findings show significant group differences on all dependent variables. Post hoc tests indicated that nontobacco users reported the most favorable responses, followed by single-product users, then polytobacco users. Discussion. Despite group differences, findings show all students feel it is important to enforce tobacco policies and support enforcement strategies but believe current campus enforcement efforts are only moderately successful. Conclusions. Findings may prompt administrators to adopt policy enforcement strategies to curb tobacco use on campuses.

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Germani, Anna Rita, Pasquale Scaramozzino, Andrea Morone et Piergiuseppe Morone. « Discretionary enforcement and strategic interactions between enforcement agencies and firms : a theoretical and laboratory investigation ». Journal of Regulatory Economics 52, n^o 3 (20 septembre 2017) : 255–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11149-017-9341-y.

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Arce, Daniel G. « On the cooperative and competitive aspects of strategic monitoring ». Rationality and Society 30, n^o 3 (12 juillet 2018) : 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043463118774785.

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Strategic monitoring occurs in myriad situations such as principal–agent relationships, law enforcement and treaty verification. Such situations are generally known as enforcement or inspection games, with the focus largely being on the (counterintuitive) properties of their associated mixed strategy Nash equilibrium. This article instead characterizes the cooperative resolution of the mixed motives of the players involved. It does so through an illustrative decomposition of the enforcement/inspection game into its cooperative and competitive constituent parts. The results are interpreted within an efficiency wage context and the distribution of the saved monitoring costs that cooperation engenders.

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Coddington, Kate, et Jill M. Williams. « Relational enforcement : The family and the expanding scope of border enforcement ». Progress in Human Geography 46, n^o 2 (24 janvier 2022) : 590–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03091325211044795.

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Scholars have increasingly focused on the role of the family within border enforcement practices. In this paper, we build on and extend these research efforts to propose a research agenda driven by a new understanding of the relationship between families and immigration enforcement. Drawing on examinations of emerging enforcement strategies, including family separation and public information campaigns, we suggest that the family as a social unit and set of relationships is increasingly targeted within the regulation of transnational migration, what we term “relational enforcement.” Greater attention to relational enforcement tactics, processes, and impacts helps to frame geographies of border enforcement.

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Rogachev, V. A., et I. N. Konopleva. « Tolerance to uncertainty and the choice of coping strategies in law enforcement ». Psychology and Law 7, n^o 4 (2017) : 106–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2017070409.

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The article discusses the problem of studying the tolerance of uncertainty and coping behaviors among law enforcement officers. The problem of coping behavior is one of the most relevant for legal psychology in the study of psychological characteristics of work and personality of law enforcement officers. Performance is achieved not only professional knowledge and skills, but also features tolerance to ambiguity and stress overcoming behavior of employees in a busy and special conditions. Considered tolerance/intolerance (TN/INT) to uncertainty, coping behavior, its essence and main components. Defined the main directions in studying the coping strategies of law enforcement. The study involved 78 officers FDCS of Russia in the age from 20 to 50 years with different calendar length of service in bodies of drug enforcement. The results of an empirical study aimed at studying the peculiarities of tolerance for uncertainty and coping strategies of law enforcement officers, establish the specific nature of their relationship. The differences in the level of tolerance for uncertainty and the choice of coping strategies among employees depending on the experience of service in law enforcement and the level of neuropsychic stability.

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Bonner, Heidi S., et Andy Brimhall. « Gender Differences in Law Enforcement Officer Stress and Coping Strategies ». Police Quarterly 25, n^o 1 (25 novembre 2021) : 59–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10986111211037584.

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Law enforcement officers, like many professionals, are not immune to the effect of stress on their overall health. In fact, law enforcement officers may be particularly vulnerable to these effects due to unique and sometimes traumatic stressors inherent in their work. Further, male and female officers may experience the stressors of the law enforcement profession, and the coping strategies used in response to stress, differently. Using survey data collected from a sample of law enforcement officers in a large urban police agency in the southeastern United States, this research examines the differences between male and female officers in terms of perception of stressors in policing and coping strategies used in response to stress. The findings indicate that female officers have significantly higher mean stress scores on several items (particularly those regarding safety factors) and are significantly more likely to use positive coping strategies compared to male officers.

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Rajabiun, Reza. « Strategic Considerations in the Emergence of Private Action Rights ». World Competition 32, Issue 3 (1 septembre 2009) : 409–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2009038.

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The design of mechanisms for the enforcement of rules regarding anticompetitive practices has been the subject of considerable controversy in both developed and developing countries. Public competition authorities have advantages in terms of scale economies and coordination of competing policy objectives. Private rights of action enhance the capacity of legal regimes to generate information and deter collusive agreements and exclusionary practices. Private enforcement also increases the transaction costs of regulatory capture. Given these differences, mixed regimes are likely to be superior to purely public or private arrangements. However, most national jurisdictions grant exclusive authority to public agencies and prosecutors. This article explores the puzzling resistance to the development of mixed competition enforcement regimes by studying recent attempts in the European Union (EU) to enhance private rights of access. The analysis suggests that decentralization of enforcement rights limits the capacity of a government to employ competition rules as an instrument of strategic trade policy. Evidence from EU illustrates that tensions between domestic and international policy considerations can generate distinctive paths of procedural development.

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Wang, Cynthia S., Jennifer Whitson, Joongseo Kim, Jiyin Cao et Alex Scrimpshire. « "Culture, Mobility, and the Selection of Norm Enforcement Strategies" ». Academy of Management Proceedings 2013, n^o 1 (janvier 2013) : 13189. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2013.13189abstract.

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Hasseldine, John, Peggy Hite, Simon James et Marika Toumi. « Persuasive Communications : Tax Compliance Enforcement Strategies for Sole Proprietors* ». Contemporary Accounting Research 24, n^o 1 (mars 2007) : 171–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1506/p207-004l-4205-7nx0.

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Mazerolle, Lorraine Green, Sacha Rombouts et David W. Soole. « PROTOCOL : A Systematic Review of Drug Law Enforcement Strategies ». Campbell Systematic Reviews 1, n^o 1 (septembre 2004) : 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cl2.6.

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Fine, Janice, Daniel J. Galvin, Jenn Round et Hana Shepherd. « Wage Theft in a Recession : Unemployment, Labour Violations, and Enforcement Strategies for Difficult Times ». International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 37, Issue 2/3 (1 juin 2021) : 107–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2021006.

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During the Covid-19 pandemic and accompanying recession, millions of low-wage workers have become increasingly vulnerable to exploitation. Limited scholarly attention, however, has been paid to the relationship between rising unemployment, labour standards violations, and government enforcement capacities during periods of economic recession. In this article, we begin to draw out these connections. First, we turn to the case of the Great Recession of 2008-2010 in the United States to examine the relationship between rising unemployment and minimum wage violations, using Current Population Survey (CPS) data to estimate minimum wage violation rates by industry and demographic group. We find that minimum wage violations rose in tandem with rising unemployment, and were shouldered by some groups of low-wage workers more than others, and that they were unexpectedly affected certain industries more than others. We then use an analysis of internal complaint data filed with the San Francisco Office of Labour Standards Enforcement (OLSE) to illustrate that even during non-recession periods, the number of complaints received by industry are in some cases wildly disproportionate to the estimated violation rates by industry. This underscores the shortcomings of the complaint-based enforcement model, which is by far the most common mode of workplace regulation in the United States. Finally, we discuss how this empirical evidence points to the importance of developing alternatives to complaint-based models of enforcement – in particular, strategic enforcement and co-enforcement – especially during periods of high unemployment. Strategic Enforcement, Co-Enforcement, Great Recession, Wage Theft, Minimum Wage Violations

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Bhargava, Rashmi. « ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT ». International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, n^o 9SE (30 septembre 2015) : 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3159.

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Each country faces a unique set of challenges and capacities to implement its environmental laws. However, there are fundamental elements in all countries that form the basis of effective environmental compliance and enforcement programs and of legal systems. These common principles, based on the collective knowledge and experience of the International Network for Environmental Compliance and Enforcement (INECE) and reflective of international good practice, may be used to improve national environmental compliance and enforcement programs. These principles are divided into five sections: (1) environmental results and shared responsibility, (2) goals and strategies, (3) good governance, rule of law and compliance, (4) structure and resources, and (5) continuous evaluation and improvement.

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Burger, Richard. « FSA enforcement process review ». Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 14, n^o 1 (janvier 2006) : 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13581980610644716.

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Weil, David. « Creating a strategic enforcement approach to address wage theft : One academic’s journey in organizational change ». Journal of Industrial Relations 60, n^o 3 (20 avril 2018) : 437–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185618765551.

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Strategic enforcement represents a proactive approach to using limited enforcement resources available to a regulatory agency to protect workers as required by the law. It does so by using enforcement tools, outreach, and collaboration with other government agencies, worker advocates, businesses, and the public to change employer behavior in a sustainable way. Strategic enforcement is critical given the limited resources available to government as well as because of the breaking up (fissuring) of modern employment that increases the prevalence of violations and makes responsibility for compliance more opaque. This article lays out the challenges in instituting such an approach based on the author’s experience in leading a major federal workplace agency in the US during the Obama administration. It describes the major elements of a strategic enforcement approach as well as the major organizational innovations that were necessary to put it into place.

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Sinclair, James. « Strategic Litigation as a Tool to Combat Modern Slavery ». Journal of Modern Slavery 4, n^o 2 (décembre 2018) : 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22150/jms/eivz2647.

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The legal, political and commercial landscape surrounding modern slavery has developed significantly since 2008. However, the relative weakness of enforcement mechanisms within legislation designed to combat labour exploitation has meant that there have been few meaningful changes to abusive commercial practices. This article explores whether corporate accountability litigation could fill the enforcement void. It looks at the prospects for such litigation in the UK and concludes that there are significant challenges to be overcome. For litigation to be a successful lever of corporate change, it will require jurisprudential developments, extensive resourcing and dedicated, persistent professionals.

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Christian, Cary. « Enhanced enforcement outcomes through a responsive regulation approach to sales tax enforcement ». Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & ; Financial Management 29, n^o 4 (1 mars 2017) : 464–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbafm-29-04-2017-b002.

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AbstractIn this study, targeted interventions were applied in a natural quasi-experimental setting to taxpayers engaged in sales tax theft and evasion to gauge both the direct and indirect impacts of a responsive regulation approach to compliance enforcement. The approach adopted included substantial engagement with targeted businesses and deferral of more punishing forms of deterrence based on the target's level of cooperation and effort to return to and maintain compliance. Results were was found to be 2.17:1. Additionally, the impact of the targeted responsive regulation interventions greatly exceeded the results obtained in deterrence-only control groups in terms of tax assessments compared to multiple control groups to determine the indirect impact of the interventions and to compare the responsive regulation approach to traditional deterrence-only enforcement results. The indirect versus direct impact of the targeted responsive regulation enforcement regimen overall and assessment per dollar of cost ($322.19 vs. $5.21).

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De Cock Buning, Madeleine, Annetje Ottow et John Vervaele. « EditorialRegulation and Enforcement in the EU : Regimes, Strategies and Styles ». Utrecht Law Review 10, n^o 5 (12 décembre 2014) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/ulr.297.

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Li, Xiaoling, Liping Qian, Xingyao Ren et Chenting Su. « Contract Enforcement in Marketing Channels : Contract Legitimacy and Influence Strategies ». Academy of Management Proceedings 2018, n^o 1 (août 2018) : 15963. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2018.15963abstract.

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Getachew, Yamlaksira, et Paul Beamish. « Contract Enforcement Institutions and Integrative Strategies : Implications for MNE Exit ». Academy of Management Proceedings 2020, n^o 1 (août 2020) : 13241. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2020.13241abstract.

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Liu, Ning, Shui-Yan Tang, Carlos Wing-Hung Lo et Xueyong Zhan. « Coping Under Adversity : Understanding Frontline Officials’ Strategies for Regulatory Enforcement ». Academy of Management Proceedings 2020, n^o 1 (août 2020) : 15129. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2020.15129abstract.

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Slivenko, V. A., et A. V. Slivenko. « Innovations in strategic management in law enforcement during the reform ». Bulletin of the Dnipropetrovsk University. Series : Management of Innovations 23, n^o 4 (19 septembre 2015) : 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/191512.

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Craig, Jacqueline. « Enforcement strategies for computer use violations at a public university ». ACM SIGUCCS Newsletter 26, n^o 3-4 (septembre 1996) : 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/245211.245218.

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Zhao, Jihong “Solomon", Quint C. Thurman et Ling Ren. « An Examination of Strategic Planning in American Law Enforcement Agencies ». Police Quarterly 11, n^o 1 (mars 2008) : 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098611107309624.

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Nader, Laura, et Susan P. Shapiro. « Enforcement Strategies and the Catch They Yield at the sec ». Harvard Law Review 99, n^o 6 (avril 1986) : 1362. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1341259.

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BANERJEE, DYUTI S., TANMOYEE BANERJEE (CHATTERJEE) et AJITAVA RAYCHAUDHURI. « OPTIMAL ENFORCEMENT AND ANTI-COPYING STRATEGIES TO COUNTER COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT* ». Japanese Economic Review 59, n^o 4 (décembre 2008) : 519–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5876.2008.00424.x.

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Hendley, Kathryn, Peter Murrell et Randi Ryterman. « Law, Relationships and Private Enforcement : Transactional Strategies of Russian Enterprises ». Europe-Asia Studies 52, n^o 4 (juin 2000) : 627–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713663079.

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Beladi, Hamid, Sugata Marjit, Xinpeng Xu et Lei Yang. « STRATEGIC ENFORCEMENT, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, AND CONTRACTUAL R&D ». Economic Inquiry 54, n^o 4 (21 avril 2016) : 1904–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12352.

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Evans, Sean. « Law Enforcement and Delphi : An Exercise in Strategic Intelligence Research ». Low Intensity Conflict & ; Law Enforcement 13, n^o 1 (janvier 2005) : 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09662840500223648.

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Zhang, Kangkang, Deyi Xu, Shiran Li, Ting Wu et Jinhua Cheng. « Strategic interactions in environmental regulation enforcement : evidence from Chinese cities ». Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, n^o 2 (30 août 2020) : 1992–2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10443-6.

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Shaaban, Khaled. « Assessment of Drivers’ Perceptions of Various Police Enforcement Strategies and Associated Penalties and Rewards ». Journal of Advanced Transportation 2017 (2017) : 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5169176.

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Road crashes are a major cause of death in many countries. Qatar has been battling to improve road safety on several fronts using different strategies, including road policing. The purpose of this study is to ascertain drivers’ perceptions towards five existing and four proposed police traffic enforcement strategies and associated penalties and rewards in Qatar using face-to-face surveys. The results show that red-light running cameras were perceived to be the most successful existing strategy. The high violation fine and the automation of the system were mentioned as the main reasons for making this strategy the most successful. Three of the existing strategies, fixed-speed enforcement cameras, police enforcement, and mobile speed cameras, were conferred almost the same success percentage, followed by the demerit point system. Regarding the proposed strategies, rewarding safe drivers was selected by the participants as the most successful proposed strategy, followed by introducing more automated enforcement methods. Community service for traffic tickets came in third, followed by defensive driving school. These results can be used to influence future enhancements of existing strategies and guide the development of future traffic strategies being introduced in the traffic system.

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Welfare, Laura, Alison Bowers et Gerard Lawson. « Supporting School-Law Enforcement Partnerships ». Journal of School Administration Research and Development 7, n^o 2 (27 octobre 2022) : 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jsard.v7i2.4032.

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School-law enforcement partnerships benefit from well-written memorandums of understandings (MOUs) that have been collaboratively developed with input from school law enforcement agencies and school divisions. While many school-law enforcement partnerships report having MOUs, little is known about what information the MOUs provide. We conducted a content analysis of 73 MOUs from school-law enforcement partnerships in Virginia. We coded the MOUs to obtain information about MOU structure and format and the coverage of three topic areas: school resource officer (SRO) roles, SRO training, and SRO role in school discipline. Our analysis revealed most MOUs cover the three topic areas, but what the MOUs said about these topics varied tremendously. The findings suggest all those involved in MOU development might benefit from easily accessible, streamlined resources that outline what specific issues need to be addressed when creating MOUs and how to navigate nuanced discussions about the roles and training of SROs.

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Almeida, Doris Dornelles de, et Peter Bent Hansen. « Strategic Management Practices in Brazilian Dance Companies : Between Art and Cultural Industry ». Revista Ibero-Americana de Estratégia 12, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2013) : 125–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/ijsm.v12i3.1863.

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This paper highlights trough theoretical and empirical research the main practices of dance companies‟ strategic management in Brazil. The theoretical investigation deepens themes as sponsorship, strategic planning, creation and implementation of creative strategies and economic sustainability in dance companies. The empirical research evolves qualitative method, exploratory and interviews with seven Brazilian dance companies managers from: Goiânia (1), Rio Grande do Sul (3), Paraná (1), Rio de Janeiro (1) e São Paulo (1). The analysis of the main practices of dance companies‟ strategic management is: few practice and considerable concern about strategic management planning; resistance to apply management techniques enforcement; audience and sponsors should have limited influence in dance companies‟ management; difficulty to accept itself inside the competitive cultural industry market. This study contributes for the development and state of art of Management science and Dance studies.

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Smith, Kent W., et Loretta J. Stalans. « Negotiating Strategies for Tax Disputes : Preferences of Taxpayers and Auditors ». Law & ; Social Inquiry 19, n^o 02 (1994) : 337–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.1994.tb00762.x.

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Disputes between officials and citizens during tax enforcement differ from most civil disputes between citizens in several ways: They are initiated when the officiat claims the citizen has not followed the law; they are fundumentally about the cowect interpretation of the law; and the official has the formal power to end the dispute within the enforcement arena by making a decision that is legally binding on the citizen. Using data from pre-audit interviews with taxpayers and state tax auditors, we explore how these characteristics of tax disputes, the roles of the parties, citizens' perceptions of the attitudes and orientations of the officials, and other contextual factors drawn from regulatory and procedural justice research affect the strategies officials and citizens prefer for resolving disputes. We close with some evidence on the predictive rekwance of the strategic preferences of the parties in combination with their roles: For new resolutions to emerge, the party with the power must be open to them, and the subordinate party must have the assertiveness to present them. We also explorate how the analysis may be extended to other enforcement and regulatory settings.

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