Articles de revues : « Energy Loss Process »

1

Yang, Jian-Jun, et Guang-Lie Li. « Energy loss in nuclear Drell–Yan process ». European Physical Journal C 5, n^o 4 (1998) : 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100520050315.

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Yang, Jian-Jun, et Guang-Lie Li. « Energy loss in nuclear Drell–Yan process ». European Physical Journal C 5, n^o 4 (octobre 1998) : 719–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100529800872.

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Chun-Gui, Duan, et Wang Hong-Min. « Energy Loss Effect in High-Energy Drell–Yan Dimuon Process ». Communications in Theoretical Physics 37, n^o 4 (15 avril 2002) : 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0253-6102/37/4/435.

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Duan, C. G., L. H. Song, L. J. Huo et G. L. Li. « Energy loss effect in high energy nuclear Drell-Yan process ». European Physical Journal C 29, n^o 4 (août 2003) : 557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s2003-01256-7.

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Futamura, Shingo. « Deformation Index—Concept for Hysteretic Energy-Loss Process ». Rubber Chemistry and Technology 64, n^o 1 (1 mars 1991) : 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538540.

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Abstract The concept of deformation index can be effectively used to determine the relevant dynamic viscoelastic property which best correlates with the performance of the rubbery material. The concept also indicates the type of deformation that may govern a complex energy loss process, although, in this study, the underlying physical process was not experimentally identified.

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Fischer, Szabolcs, et Szabolcs Kocsis Szürke. « DETECTION PROCESS OF ENERGY LOSS IN ELECTRIC RAILWAY VEHICLES ». Facta Universitatis, Series : Mechanical Engineering 21, n^o 1 (10 avril 2023) : 081. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/fume221104046f.

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The paper deals with the detection process of energy loss in electric railway hauling vehicles. The importance of efficient energy use in railways and cost-effective rail transport tendency toward regenerative braking energy are considered. In addition, the current situation and improvement opportunities to achieve efficient energy use are examined. Seven measurement series were performed with scheduled Railjet trains between Hegyeshalom and Győr railway stations in Hungary. This railway section is related to the Hungarian State Railways' No. 1 main railway line (between Budapest-Kelenföld and Hegyeshalom state board), which is a part of the international railway line between Budapest and Vienna (capitals of Hungary and Austria, respectively). This double-track, electrified railway line with traditional ballasted superstructures and continuously welded rail tracks is important due to the international passenger and freight transport between Germany, Austria, and Hungary. The value of the regenerative braking energy can be even 20-30% of the total consumed energy. This quite enormous untapped energy can be used for several aims, e.g., for comfort energy demand (air conditioning, heating-cooling, lighting, etc.) or energy-intensive starts. The article also investigates the optimization of regenerative braking energy by seeking the energy-waste locations and the reasons for the significant consumption. The train operator's driving style and habit have been identified as one of the main reasons. Furthermore, train driver assistance systems are recommended to save energy, which is planned for future research.

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Duan, Chun-Gui, Shu-Wen Cui et Zhan-Yuan Yan. « Quark Energy Loss and Shadowing in Nuclear Drell–Yan Process ». Communications in Theoretical Physics 44, n^o 1 (juillet 2005) : 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/6102/44/1/123.

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Kohyama, Yasuharu, Naoki Itoh, Akihiko Obama et Haruhiko Mutoh. « Neutrino energy loss in stellar interiors. V - Recombination neutrino process ». Astrophysical Journal 415 (septembre 1993) : 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/173162.

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Steele, J. D., J. M. Titchmarsh, J. N. Chapman et J. H. Paterson. « A single-stage process for quantifying electron energy-loss spectra ». Ultramicroscopy 17, n^o 3 (janvier 1985) : 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(85)90095-6.

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Langer, T., H. Pfnür, H. W. Schumacher et C. Tegenkamp. « Graphitization process of SiC(0001) studied by electron energy loss spectroscopy ». Applied Physics Letters 94, n^o 11 (16 mars 2009) : 112106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3100776.

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Leclercq, Sylvie, Gael Morel et Christine Chauvin. « Process versus personal accidents within sociotechnical systems : Loss of control of process versus personal energy ? » Safety Science 102 (février 2018) : 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2017.10.003.

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Weng, Xudong, et Peter Rez. « Electron energy loss near edge structure ». Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (6 août 1989) : 384–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100153890.

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In inner shell absorption spectroscopy, the near edge structure (NES) up to 30 eV above threshold is a prominent solid state effect. It is well known that electron energy loss spectroscopy is advantageous for the study of light elements, like carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine. Due to the complexity of the near edge region, it is only recently that a significant amount of research have been carried out to extract information on the solid state effects.The theory to interpret the near edge structure is based on Fermi’s Golden rule. Two methods have been derived which give different and complimentary physical pictures about the inner shell excitation process. Single electron band structure techniques have been successfully applied to the interpretation of x-ray near edge structure. using the projected densities of states (DOS) of L±1 characterpermitted by the dipole selection rule. The multiple scattering method views the near edge structure (XANES) [2.3] as coming from the interference between the outgoing ejected electron wave and renections from neighboring atoms.

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Park, Hong Seok, et Trung Thanh Nguyen. « Energy Efficiency Process for Manufacturing Crank Shaft ». Advanced Materials Research 1036 (octobre 2014) : 1083–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1036.1083.

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Increasing energy efficiency of the manufacturing process is one of the solutions to resolve the ecological issues, save manufacturing cost, and reduce environmental impacts. In crank shafts manufacturing process chain, the potential of energy saving is great due to the induction heating line and heat loss from the process. This paper proposes the method to increase energy efficiency of induction heating line which spends most of the energy in a whole crankshaft manufacturing process. To reduce the heat loss from work piece, an insulating system was designed through the analysis of heat flow. The optimization of the heating parameters was done based on the simulation model with the multi criteria optimization method. In addition, this work also addresses a concept of holistic optimization approach to decrease energy consumption in the manufacturing process of crankshaft. The optimization approach in conjunction with design of experiment, analytical method, regression, and the robust optimization algorithm was applied in order to systematically optimize manufacturing processes. The optimization process aims to identify significant process parameters, determine potential solutions, and obtain optimal parameters. The energy flow of sub-process, including heating line, shearing, and forging is carried out in terms of a holistic approach, i.e. in consideration of the interrelationship between energy consumption and relevant criteria (cycle time, manufacturing costs, product quality). The optimized results show that the induction heating line can increase 14.8% in energy efficiency, of which 9% is due to the effect of insulating cover and 5.8% is due to process parameter optimization and the forging process chain can reduce approximately 10% in energy consumption. This paper contributes to improve the energy efficiency of the crank shafts manufacturing process.

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Wu, Jun Hao, Yoshitaka Ikarashi, Shuji Fujii, Seiichi Kawahara et Yoshinobu Isono. « Process Control of Loss Factor in Soft Materials ». Advanced Materials Research 11-12 (février 2006) : 725–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.11-12.725.

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Loss tangent defined by the ratio of loss modulus to storage modulus, G”/G’, is widely used as a measure of energy loss for rubber materials. We can expect high loss tangent due to unstable state of polymer chains in large deformation. However, chemical cross-linking is usually introduced in no deformation where we cannot expect high loss tangent. Even if introduced in deformed state, polymer chains take relaxation before completion of cross-linking. In this study, hence, a novel two-step cure has been proposed. The loss tangent by two-step cure has been found to be higher than that by one-step cure in no deformation, showing effectiveness of the process proposed.

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Choi, Seo Hyung, Bongwoo Shin et Eunher Shin. « Managing Apparent Loss and Real Loss from the Nexus Perspective Using System Dynamics ». Water 14, n^o 2 (13 janvier 2022) : 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14020231.

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When water utilities establish water loss control programs, they traditionally focus on apparent loss rather than real loss when considering economic feasibility in the water sector. There is an urgent need for new management approaches that can address complex relationships and ensure the sustainability of natural resources among different sectors. This study suggests a novel approach for water utilities to manage water losses from the water-energy (WE) Nexus perspective. The Nexus model uses system dynamics to simulate twelve scenarios with the differing status of water loss and energy intensities. This analysis identifies real loss as one of the main causes of resource waste and an essential factor from the Nexus perspective. It also demonstrates that the energy intensity of each process in the urban water system has a significant impact on resource use and transfer. The consumption and movement of resources can be quantified in each process involved in the urban water system to distinguish central and vulnerable processes. This study suggests that the Nexus approach can strongly contribute to quantifying the use and movement of resources between water and energy sectors and the strategic formulation of sustainable and systematic water loss management strategies from the Nexus perspective.

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Braaten, Eric, et Daniel Segel. « Neutrino energy loss from the plasma process at all temperatures and densities ». Physical Review D 48, n^o 4 (15 août 1993) : 1478–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.48.1478.

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IMANISHI, Nozomu, Yoshio INOUE, Kyoko SHIBATA et Taichiro SIMASAKI. « 303 Energy Loss Reduction Method for Landing Process of Passive Walking Robot ». Proceedings of the Dynamics & ; Design Conference 2010 (2010) : _303–1_—_303–6_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedmc.2010._303-1_.

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Liu, Sha, et Jiong Shen. « Improved Thermoeconomic Energy Efficiency Analysis for Integrated Energy Systems ». Processes 10, n^o 1 (10 janvier 2022) : 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10010137.

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The structure of an integrated energy system is complex. Thermoeconomics can play a significant role in the analysis of IES because it makes up for the deficiency of traditional thermodynamic analysis and provides new information on the cost and energy conversion efficiency. When using thermoeconomics to analyze the energy efficiency of an IES, one key issue that needs to be solved is how to transfer irreversible loss across thermal cycles, so that the mechanism of system performance degradation can be fully revealed. To this end, an irreversible cost and exergy cost integrated analysis method based on improved thermoeconomics is proposed, in which the cumulative and transmission impact of irreversible loss across thermal cycles is evaluated using linear transformation of <KP> matrix. A case study on a 389MW combined cooling, heating, and power IES demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed approach can reveal the key links impairing the overall energy efficiency and transfer of irreversible loss across thermal cycles. The approach can be extended to various types of IES to provide directions for the assessment and optimization of the system.

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Wang, Qian, Yu Niu, Lu Meng et Jiang Chang. « Research and Application of the Whole Process of Line Loss Management Platform ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (octobre 2013) : 1382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.1382.

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Responding to the state's call of "energy-saving" and enhancing the level of line loss management, Henan Electric Power Company developed Henan line loss management system, after several years of exploration and Loss Management experience accumulation. The loss management system can realize power loss measurement, on-line theoretical computation of line loss, line loss analysis, line loss policy and so on. These functions can support the whole process of Henan line loss management.

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Świechowski, Kacper, Sylwia Stegenta-Dąbrowska, Marek Liszewski, Przemysław Bąbelewski, Jacek A. Koziel et Andrzej Białowiec. « Oxytree Pruned Biomass Torrefaction : Process Kinetics ». Materials 12, n^o 20 (12 octobre 2019) : 3334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12203334.

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Oxytree is a fast-growing energy crop with C4 photosynthesis. In this research, for the first time, the torrefaction kinetic parameters of pruned Oxytree biomass (Paulownia clon in Vitro 112) were determined. The influence of the Oxytree cultivation method and soil class on the kinetic parameters of the torrefaction was also investigated. Oxytree pruned biomass from a first-year plantation was subjected to torrefaction within temperature range from 200 to 300 °C and under anaerobic conditions in the laboratory-scale batch reactor. The mass loss was measured continuously during the process. The relative mass loss increased from 1.22% to 19.56% with the increase of the process temperature. The first-order constant rate reaction (k) values increased from 1.26 × 10−5 s−1 to 7.69 × 10−5 s−1 with the increase in temperature. The average activation energy for the pruned biomass of Oxytree torrefaction was 36.5 kJ∙mol−1. Statistical analysis showed no significant (p < 0.05) effect of the Oxytree cultivation method and soil class on the k value. The results of this research could be useful for the valorization of energy crops such as Oxytree and optimization of waste-to-carbon and waste-to-energy processes.

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Wang, Kai, Rong Feng Sun et Guo Peng Zhang. « Energy Efficiency Assessment and Exergy Analysis for Lignite Pyrolysis Process System ». Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (juin 2014) : 1184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.1184.

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The exergy calculation model was established to evaluate the energy consumption and exergy assessment of a typical coal pyrolysis process system with a capacity of 1000 kg/h for raw lignite. The results indicate that although the drying unit consumes more energy, it is the pyrolysis unit that exist the maximum exergy loss because of great temperature gradient at the first reaction stage. In addition, the energy quality factor of fuel was defined to evaluate the pyrolysis yield grade. It is found the tar energy quality factor is higher than that of semi-coke and syngas. Besides, the waste steam from drying unit contains plenty of exergy, which could be used to preliminary heat raw lignite in order to reduce the energy consumption and exergy loss of drying unit.

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Liang, J. H., et K. Y. Liao. « Energy losses of ions implanted in matter ». Journal of Materials Research 11, n^o 11 (novembre 1996) : 2876–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0363.

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A set of simple and accurate formulae for the first four moments of nuclear and electronic energy losses is proposed. A new variable is introduced to include the finite maximum-impact-parameter effect in the nuclear stopping process, which is assumed to be infinite in most studies. A critical energy at which the electronic energy loss is equal to the nuclear energy loss is also defined. It determines whether the nuclear or the electronic stopping process is the dominant mechanism in terms of incident-ion energy. The critical energy increases for heavy ions implanted in heavy target materials during the first moment of energy loss. The second moment of electronic energy loss is important only for light ions implanted at high ion energies. The third and fourth moments of nuclear energy loss are much larger than those of the electronic energy loss for all ion-target combinations. Theoretical predications of the projected ranges and range stragglings for gold ions implanted in carbon films are close to the experimental data when these proposed four moments of nuclear and electronic energy losses are considered.

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Jaszczur, Marek, Qusay Hassan, Katarzyna Styszko et Janusz Teneta. « Impact of dust and temperature on energy conversion process in photovoltaic module ». Thermal Science 23, Suppl. 4 (2019) : 1199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci19s4199j.

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The impact of the photovoltaic module temperature and natural dust deposition on the module front surface on the photovoltaic system performance was investigated. The study was conducted in the city center of Krakow, Poland, characterized by high pollution and low wind speed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the photovoltaic module power output decrease and energy conversion loss as a function of the dust deposition mass and cell operating temperature. The results show a significant decrease in photovoltaic efficiency when the mass deposition or temperature increases. The maximum mass deposition observed for exposure periods of one week on a single module exceeds 480.0 mg and results in an efficiency loss equal to 2.1%. The results that were obtained enable the development of a correlation for the efficiency loss caused by dust deposition which is desired by the system designers.

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ESPOSITO, S., G. MANGANO, G. MIELE, I. PICARDI et O. PISANTI. « RADIATIVE CORRECTIONS TO NEUTRINO ENERGY LOSS RATE IN STELLAR INTERIORS ». Modern Physics Letters A 17, n^o 08 (14 mars 2002) : 491–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732302006643.

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We consider radiative electromagnetic corrections, at order α, to the process [Formula: see text] at finite density and temperature. This process represents one of the main contributions to the cooling of stellar environments in the late stages of star evolution. We find that these corrections affect the energy loss rate by a factor (-4-1)% with respect to the tree level estimate, in the temperature and density ranges where the neutrino pair production via e+e- annihilation is the most efficient cooling mechanism.

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VARGAS-ELÍAS, GUILLERMO A., PAULO C. CORRÊA, NATÁLIA R. DE SOUZA, FERNANDA M. BAPTESTINI et EVANDRO DE C. MELO. « KINETICS OF MASS LOSS OF ARABICA COFFEE DURING ROASTING PROCESS ». Engenharia Agrícola 36, n^o 2 (avril 2016) : 300–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v36n2p300-308/2016.

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ABSTRACT Roasting is one of the most complex coffee processing steps due to simultaneous transfers of heat and mass. During this process, beans lose mass because of fast physical and chemical changes that will set color and flavor of the commercial coffee beverage. Therefore, we aimed at assessing the kinetics of mass loss in commercially roasted coffee beans according to heating throughout the processing. For that, we used samples of 350-g Arabica coffee processed grains with water content of 0.1217 kga kg-1, in addition to a continuous roaster with firing gas. The roaster had initial temperatures of 285, 325, 345 and 380 °C, decreasing during the process up to 255, 285, 305 and 335 °C respectively. Mass loss was calculated by the difference between grain weight before and after roasting. We observed a linear variation directly dependent on roaster temperature. For each temperature during the process was obtained a constant mass loss rate, which was reported by the Arrhenius model with r2 above 0.98. In a roaster in non-isothermal conditions, the required activation energy to start the mass loss in a commercial coffee roasting index was 52.27 kJ mol -1.

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Zhou, Shu Xia, Yu Lin Zhang et Ai Hua Liu. « Biogas Liquefaction Process Design and Analysis Based on Mixed Refrigerant LNG Process ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (septembre 2014) : 5211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.5211.

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The relationship of parameters of biogas liquefaction process was complex.The parameters of biogas liquefaction process were in the further studied, and the thermodynamic parameters of biogas liquefaction process were analyzed. The optimization of the liquefaction process is object to establish the relationship the hot and cold heat load and UA values, And find out the way to reduce energy loss.

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Wang, Cheng-Chi, Shane-Rong Sheu, Ya-Yen Chou, Ming-Jyi Jang et Li-Chen Yang. « A novel optimized energy-saving extraction process on coffee ». Thermal Science 15, suppl. 1 (2011) : 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci11s1053w.

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In this paper, Taguchi method is applied to optimize ultrasound thermal process for extracting caffeine and flavor from coffee. The use of ultrasound can abridge experiments in cost, energy loss and time; the different operating conditions for extraction experiments are executed and the results are also compared. The results show that the best design factors for caffeine are 95? of extraction temperature, 28 kHz of operating frequency and 30 s of extraction time. The proposed optimized extraction method is efficient and energy-saving compared with the general process for making coffee

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Li, Tao, Changyou Li, Bin Li, Chengjie Li, Zhuangdong Fang, Zhiheng Zeng, Wenyan Ou et Juanying Huang. « Characteristic analysis of heat loss in multistage counter-flow paddy drying process ». Energy Reports 6 (novembre 2020) : 2153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.08.006.

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Zhao, Y. H., L. B. Chen, J. Guo, K. X. Gu, Y. Zhou et J. J. Wang. « Numerical study on a cryogenic treatment process with nearzero loss of cold energy ». IOP Conference Series : Materials Science and Engineering 502 (15 avril 2019) : 012158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/502/1/012158.

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Sorgüven, Esra, et Mustafa Özilgen. « Energy utilization, carbon dioxide emission, and exergy loss in flavored yogurt production process ». Energy 40, n^o 1 (avril 2012) : 214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.02.003.

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Seto, Haruki, X. Q. Xu, Benjamin D. Dudson et Masatoshi Yagi. « Impact of equilibrium radial electric field on energy loss process after pedestal collapse ». Contributions to Plasma Physics 60, n^o 5-6 (15 mai 2020) : e201900158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ctpp.201900158.

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Filipović, Jelena, Vladimir Filipović, Violeta Knežević, Biljana Lončar, Milica Nićetin et Dragan Ivanišević. « Efficiency analysis of the process of peach osmotic dehydration in molasses ». Ekonomija : teorija i praksa 14, n^o 4 (2021) : 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/etp2104020f.

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Energy consumption reduction per unit of product' removed moisture is necessary to lower production costs and increase the overall efficiency of the dehydration process. The goal of this research was to analyse efficiency and economics of the peach in molasses osmotic dehydration process, by investigating mass transfer parameters. Time, concentration and temperature of the osmotic dehydration of peach in molasses were varied and responses of water loss and solid gain were measured. The results showed that with the technological parameters of time, concentration and temperature increase, individual mass transfer parameters also increased, where maximal values of 0.7524 g/gi.s. and 0.1069 g/gi.s., were obtained for water loss and solid gain, respectively. On the basis of experimental data, mathematical models of peach osmotic dehydration in molasses responses dependence from applied technological parameters were developed, which showed good correlations between experimental and calculated results. Combined technological efficiency parameter analysis showed a total efficiency increase in the range of 40.67 to 51.71%, by using process temperature of 20°C. The highest process economics was obtained by application of energy undemanding process temperature of 20°C, where energy costs were avoided while at the same time achieved highest value of technology efficiency.

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Zhuo, Wencai, Bin Zhou, Zhicheng Zhang, Hailiang Zhou et Baiqian Dai. « Process Modeling and Exergy Analysis for a Typical VOC Thermal Conversion Plant ». Energies 15, n^o 10 (11 mai 2022) : 3522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103522.

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The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) represents a major source of air pollution and presents a major risk to both the surrounding environment and local health. An efficient and clean VOCs conversion process is an important approach for energy conservation and emission reduction. In this work, process simulation is conducted using Aspen Plus according to a VOC thermal oxidizing plant for an industrial-scale aluminum spraying production process. Experimental measurements are used for model validation and the pollutant emissions are consistent with the actual plant operating parameters, where the concentration of sulfur oxides is 32 mg/m³, and that of nitrogen oxides is ~34 mg/m³, both of which are below the requirements specified by the national environment regulations in China. Energy and exergy analyses have been conducted from the perspective of the second law of thermodynamics. It is found that 68.8% of the output energy in the system considered here enters the subsequent oven production line, which will be reused for drying the aluminum plates, and the rest of the energy will contribute to the water heat exchanger; however, the furnace features the largest exergy loss of 34%, and this is due to the high-temperature heat loss. The water heat exchanger features 11.5% exergy loss, which is the largest for the series of heat exchangers, and this loss is due to the large temperature difference between the hot and cold streams in the water heat exchanger. These findings are expected to provide practical approaches to energy conservation from the perspective of energy management.

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Ciancarini, Paolo, Shokhista Ergasheva, Zamira Kholmatova, Artem Kruglov, Giancarlo Succi, Xavier Vasquez et Evgeniy Zuev. « Analysis of Energy Consumption of Software Development Process Entities ». Electronics 9, n^o 10 (14 octobre 2020) : 1678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9101678.

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With the growing need for software-driven devices in modern life, the pervasive necessity of energy efficiency is also rising dramatically. Considering the importance of energy-efficient software in the IT-sphere, many companies started to search and uncover ways for minimizing energy loss. We study the software development process in terms of energy consumption. This depends on various factors that have to be monitored continuously. In this paper, we propose the Innometrics framework for monitoring the software development process and analyzing the profiles of energy consumption by user devices. The motivating idea of the project is to provide crucial insights and to clarify which development activities are the main drivers behind the energy consumption.

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Calamaro, Netzah, Michael Levy, Ran Ben-Melech et Doron Shmilovitz. « TNT Loss : A Technical and Nontechnical Generative Cooperative Energy Loss Detection System ». Sensors 22, n^o 18 (15 septembre 2022) : 7003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22187003.

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This paper describes an electricity technical/nontechnical loss detection method capable of loss type identification, classification, and location. Several technologies are implemented to obtain that goal: (i) an architecture of three generative cooperative AI modules and two additional non-cooperative AI modules for data knowledge sharing is proposed, (ii) new expert consumption-based knowledge of feature collaboration of the entire consumption data are embedded as features in an AI classification algorithm, and (iii) an anomaly pooling mechanism that enables one-to-one mapping of signatures to loss types is proposed. A major objective of the paper is an explanation of how an exact loss type to signature mapping is obtained simply and rapidly, (iv) the role of the reactive energy load profile for enhancing signatures for loss types is exemplified, (v) a mathematical demonstration of the quantitative relationship between the features space to algorithm performance is obtained generically for any algorithm, and (vi) a theory of “generative cooperative modules” for technical/nontechnical loss detection is located and mapped to the presented system. The system is shown to enable high-accuracy technical/nontechnical loss detection, especially differentiated from other grid anomalies that certainly exist in field conditions and are not tagged in the universal datasets. The “pooling” architecture algorithm identifies all other loss types, and a robotic process automation module obtains loss type localization. The system feeds from the entire smart metering data, not only the energy load profile. Other solutions, such as a stand-alone algorithm, have difficulty in obtaining low false positive in field conditions. The work is tested experimentally to demonstrate the matching of experiment and theory.

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Rucki, A., et C. Lee. « A Copper Leadframe Oxidation Investigation by Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy ». Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (août 2000) : 1100–1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600037995.

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Copper alloys are widely used as a leadframe (chip carrier) material in plastic packaged semiconductor devices. The oxidation of Cu leadframes during the assembly process can result in poor adhesion between the moulding compound and the die-pad. This often leads to interfacial delamination and contributes to popcorn cracking during the component-board attachment process. The main cause of poor adhesion has been attributed to the weak Cu oxide(s) layer on the leadframe surface. Studies have shown that the moulding compound/leadframe adhesion decreases with increasing oxide thickness.The aim of this investigation is to give a detailed analysis of the phase formation of a CuNiSi alloy during oxidation and to identify the locus of failure for the interfacial delamination. The Cu leadframes were oxidized in an air oven at 240° C for up to 200 min exposures before encapsulation. A scanning acoustic microscope was used to locate delamination regions along the moulding compound/leadframe interface.

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Kanagasabai, Lenin. « Real power loss reduction by Enhanced Electromagnetic Field and Lightning Process Optimization algorithms ». Energy Reports 7 (novembre 2021) : 6615–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.09.168.

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Heimsath, A., G. Bern, D. van Rooyen et P. Nitz. « Quantifying Optical Loss Factors of Small Linear Concentrating Collectors for Process Heat Application ». Energy Procedia 48 (2014) : 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.02.010.

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Ohkawa, Yasuhiro, Toshio Nishida, Masao Nagase et Takeo Ichinokawa. « Experimental Study of Inelastic Process at the Crystal Surface in Angle Resolved Low-Energy Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy ». Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 54, n^o 1 (15 janvier 1985) : 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.54.282.

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Li-Zhen, Liang, Hu Chun-Dong, Xie Yuan-Lai, Xie Ya-Hong et Nbi-team. « Modeling process of the neutral beam re-ionization loss ». Chinese Physics C 34, n^o 7 (juillet 2010) : 972–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1137/34/7/008.

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Jiao, Fujun. « Oil damping energy loss analysis of landing gear shock absorber ». Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G : Journal of Aerospace Engineering 233, n^o 8 (14 août 2018) : 3096–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410018793788.

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It is seen that previous research on falling vibration of landing gear only provides work–stroke diagram and damping force value. Nevertheless, the change process of buffering medium at a micro-level is yet to be analyzed. The velocity, pressure, and their change over time of fluid particle are rarely researched in reality. To improve the intuitive, concreteness, and accuracy of the falling vibration analysis, this paper uses theoretical calculation and simulation to analyze oil damping energy loss of shock absorber. On the basis of theoretical calculation, the paper provides a feasible solution for calculating oil damping energy loss in the drop test of landing gear. Based on the classical fluid mechanics, the research builds a series-parallel model for calculating oil damping coefficient, and the oil damping energy loss values are calculated. To the flow passage type with one inlet and two outlets, the best solution of volume flow rate weighting of two outlets is determined. With regard to simulation, ANSYS FLUENT is used to show the dynamic flow process of oil in damping orifice. Damping energy loss values are calculated by total pressure difference. By comparison, the results of the theoretical calculation, the simulation, and the drop test achieve a good consistency.

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Itoh, Naoki, Haruhiko Mutoh, Atsushi Hikita et Yasuharu Kohyama. « Neutrino energy loss in stellar interiors. IV - Plasma neutrino process for strongly degenerate electrons ». Astrophysical Journal 395 (août 1992) : 622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/171682.

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Chang, Tianbao, Min Xu et Xiangtao Zeng. « Effect of the energy loss process on the annihilation of orthopositronium in silica aerogel ». Physics Letters A 126, n^o 3 (décembre 1987) : 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(87)90458-0.

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Kisielewicz, Agnieszka, Esmaeil Sadeghi, Fredrik Sikström, Anna-Karin Christiansson, Gianfranco Palumbo et Antonio Ancona. « In-process spectroscopic detection of chromium loss during Directed Energy Deposition of alloy 718 ». Materials & ; Design 186 (janvier 2020) : 108317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108317.

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IMANISHI, Nozomu, Yoshio INOUE, Kyoko SHIBATA, Taichiro SHIMASAKI et Tomohiro MORIKI. « 313 Passive Walking Robot with Spring Joint for Reduction Energy Loss of Landing Process ». Proceedings of the Dynamics & ; Design Conference 2011 (2011) : _313–1_—_313–9_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedmc.2011._313-1_.

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Togeby, Mikael, Niels Hansen, Erik Mosekilde et Kjeld Porsdal Poulsen. « Modelling energy consumption, loss of firmness and enzyme inactivation in an industrial blanching process ». Journal of Food Engineering 5, n^o 4 (janvier 1986) : 251–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0260-8774(86)90002-6.

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Qiu, Liu Chao. « DEM Analysis of Energy Loss in Elastoplastic Impact between Particles ». Advanced Materials Research 898 (février 2014) : 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.898.253.

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We applied the discrete element method (DEM) to analyze the normal impact properties of elastoplastic spherical particles. DEM simulation of impact between two identical elastoplastic spheres is carried out to validate the proposed model. The numerical results show well agreement with the FEM solution. Based on this model, the effects of impact parameters such as velocity, yield strength, elastic modulus, Poissons ratio, and mass density, on the loss factor in impact process, are then analyzed.

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Agustina, Wawan. « Analisis Material dan Energi pada Produksi Bio-Briket Arang Tongkol Jagung ». Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri 10, n^o 1 (31 août 2016) : 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26578/jrti.v10i1.1753.

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Production process to yield amount of energy is not quit of use other type of energy, but also in course of corn cob charcoal bio briquette production. Amount of material and energy required in the production process need to be analyzed or reviewed. The purposes of this research is to know the amount of material and energi required to yield one set of functional unit of material ( kg) and energi ( MJ) from bio briquette corn cob charcoal product. Method used at this research is by studying amount of material and energi used in each step of charcoal corn cob bio briquette production process. Production process stages include carbonization process, charcoal milling (flouring), an adhesives making, mixing charcoal powder with an adhesive and briquette molding. Result of the research show the rendement of charcoal to raw material of corn cob is equal to 19%. At production process had loss material of equal to 60.61%. The biggest material loss is on carbon making process is equal to 38.18%. To yield 1 (one) kg of charcoal bio briquette needed 4.96 kg of corn cob, 0.075 kg of tapioca, and 0.68 kg of water. The conversion energi from raw material to product have loss the material of equal to 74.14%. To yield 1 MJ of energi from charcoal bio briquette needed 4.17 MJ of total energy (energy from raw material and process) and 0.30 MJ energi process. ABSTRAKProses produksi untuk menghasilkan suatu energi tidak terlepas dari penggunaan energi lainnya, tidak terkecuali dalam proses produksi biobriket arang tongkol jagung. Jumlah dari material dan energi yang diperlukan dalam proses produksi tersebut perlu dianalisis atau dikaji. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui jumlah material dan energi yang dibutuhkan untuk menghasilkan satu satuan unit fungsional material (kg) dan energi (MJ) dari produk biobriket arang tongkol jagung. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah dengan cara mengkaji jumlah material dan energi yang masuk atau yang dibutuhkan pada setiap tahapan proses pembuatan biobriket arang tongkol jagung. Tahapan proses tersebut meliputi karbonisasi, penggilingan arang, pembuatan bahan perekat, pencampuran serbuk arang dengan bahan perekat dan pencetakan briket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen arang terhadap bahan baku tongkol jagung adalah sebesar 19%. Pada proses produksi terjadi penyusutan material sebesar 60,61%, penyusutan material terbesar terjadi pada proses karbonisasi yaitu sebesar 38,18%. Untuk menghasilkan 1 kg biobriket arang tongkol jagung diperlukan 4,96 kg tongkol jagung, 0,075 kg tapioka, dan 0,68 kg air. Pada konversi energi dari bahan baku terhadap produk yang dihasilkan terjadi kehilangan sebesar 74,14%. Untuk menghasilkan 1 MJ energi dari biobriket arang tongkol jagung diperlukan 4,17 MJ energi total (energi bahan baku dan proses) dan diperlukan 0,30 MJ energi proses. Kata kunci : Energi, Bio-briket, arang, tongkol jagung, analisis

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Guan, Zhi Gang, et Zhi Jun He. « Energy Balance Analysis of No.1 Sinter Machine at Baosteel ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 395-396 (septembre 2013) : 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.395-396.331.

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On the basis of the thermal balance, the exergy balance of No.1 sinter machine at Baosteel was analyzed. The exergy efficiency is lower than the thermal efficiency. The main exergy loss are focused on physical water evaporation exergy of sintering mixture, chemical incomplete combustion exergy, irreversible exergy loss of ignition process, irreversible exergy loss of sintering process. The measures of saving exergy of sinter machine are proposed. The exergy efficiency can be increased by increasing the sintering material layer thickness and the temperature of the mixture, reducing the moisture of mixture, choosing the reasonable fuel particle size and particle size distribution, controlling minimum air-fuel ratio, improving material layer permeability and using hot air sintering.

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Lee, Sang Hyeon, Myeong-in Choi, SangHoon Lee, SoungHoan Park et Sehyun Park. « Minimizing Energy Loss over Distance and Activating the Energy Trading System in Microgrid ». MATEC Web of Conferences 260 (2019) : 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926001003.

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As small-scale distributed energy is gradually expanding, commercialization of peer to peer(P2P) energy trading that freely exchanges energy among individuals in various countries is being commercialized, and the Microgrids (MGs) are considered to be an optimal platform for P2P energy trading. Although conducting electricity trade among individuals without going through power companies is still in its infancy, it is expected to expand gradually as the awareness of the shared economy grows and the MG spreads. Research on more efficient trading systems is needed while trading energy in MG. Therefore we propose a more efficient energy trading system that minimizes the loss in proportion to the distance of the power line when energy trading is performed in the MG. We have constructed a virtual MG environment and experimented with energy trading scenarios. As a result, when the algorithm is applied, loss in proportion to the distance is reduced by 2.495% and energy trading becomes more active. The amount of energy and the number of trades increased by 1.5 times during the energy trading process.

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