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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Endophytic mycoflora »

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Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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1

THAMBUGALA, KASUN, DINUSHANI DARANAGAMA, SAGARIKA KANNANGARA et THENUKA KODITUWAKKU. « Revealing the endophytic mycoflora in tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves in Sri Lanka : the first comprehensive study ». Phytotaxa 514, no 3 (17 août 2021) : 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.514.3.5.

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Endophytic fungi are a diverse group of microorganisms that live asymptomatically in healthy tissues of host and they have been reported from all kinds of plant tissues such as leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and fruits. In this study, fungal endophytes associated with tea leaves (Camellia sinensis) were collected from Kandy, Kegalle, and Nuwara Eliya districts in Sri Lanka and were isolated, characterized, and identified. A total of twenty endophytic fungal isolates belonging to five genera were recovered and ITS-rDNA sequence data were used to identify them. All isolated endophytic fungal strains belong to the phylum Ascomycota and the majority of these isolates were identified as Colletotrichum species. Phyllosticta capitalensis was the most commonly found fungal endophyte in tea leaves and was recorded in all three districts where the samples were collected. This is the very first investigation on fungal endophytes associated with C. sinensis in Sri Lanka based on molecular sequence data. In addition, a comprehensive account of known endophytic fungi reported worldwide on Camellia sinensis is provided.
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Legault, D., M. Dessureault et G. Laflamme. « Mycoflore des aiguilles de Pinus banksiana et Pinus resinosa. I. Champignons endophytes ». Canadian Journal of Botany 67, no 7 (1 juillet 1989) : 2052–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b89-259.

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The nature and distribution of the endophytic mycoflora isolated from healthy needles of Pinus banksiana and Pinus resinosa growing in plantations or natural stands infected with Scleroderris canker were investigated. Overall colonization rates of the needles were 68 and 89% for P. banksiana and P. resinosa, respectively, and were generally higher in closed canopy stands. For a given tree, colonization rates increased with foliage age but were not influenced by twig orientation. Colonization rates by more than one fungal species were 17% for P. banksiana and 76% for P. resinosa. Two different endophytic species could be found inside the needles of P. banksiana and up to seven in P. resinosa. Brunchorstia pinea, causal agent of Scleroderris canker, was not isolated. Commonly isolated endophytic fungi show a strong preference toward their host: the endophytic mycoflora of P. banksiana needles is almost limited to Coccomyces sp. while Pragmopycnis sp. and three Leptostroma species account for most of the isolates from P. resinosa.
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Flora, Ladoh-Yemeda Christelle, Ngoule Charles Christian, Ngene Jean Pierre, Fannang Simone Véronique, Nyegue Maximillienne Ascension, Lenta Ndjakou Bruno, Tomedi Eyango Minette et Ndongo Din. « Identification and Phytochemical Screening of Endophytic Fungi from Haustoria of Phragmanthera capitata (Sprengel) S. Balle (Loranthaceae) ». Haya : The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences 7, no 6 (9 juin 2022) : 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2022.v07i06.001.

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Loranthaceae are epiphytic hemiparasitic plants causing a lot of damage to cultivated or spontaneous woody species, but these parasitic plants are also used to treat a wide spectrum of diseases traditionally. It is with a view to searching for new sources of bioactive compounds that the present study was conducted with the aim of exploring the endophytic mycoflora of the haustoria of Phragmanthera capitata. The isolation of the endophytic fungi of P. capitata was done on a PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) medium. The identification was on the basis of macroscopic and microscopic observations using identification keys. The mass culture of the isolated fungi was made on a solid medium based on rice and the extraction with ethyl acetate. 20 endophytic fungi belonging to 7 genera and 2 unidentified species were isolated from P. capitata: Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Aureobasidium, Mucor and Fusarium. Flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins and coumarins were detected in all extracts of these endophytic fungi. The endophytic fungi associated with this plant would also be a potential source of bioactive compounds and the exploration of medicinal plants, and habitats of endophytes would be an advantageous path for the discovery of new species of endophytes and new bioactive secondary metabolites.
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Aharwal, Ravindra Prasad, Suneel Kumar et Sardul Singh Sandhu. « Endophytic Mycoflora : Antibacterial Secondary Metabolites and Their Therapeutic Potential ». Current Pharmacology Reports 7, no 4 (10 août 2021) : 150–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40495-021-00261-w.

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Yasser, M. M., A. S. M. Mousa, A. Marzouk Marym et A. I. Tagyan. « Molecular Identification, Extracellular Enzyme Production and Antimicrobial Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Solanum tuberosum L. in Egypt ». Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia 16, no 1 (22 mars 2019) : 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2731.

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Solanum tuberosum L. possesses economic properties and can host endophytic mycoflora. A total of 19 endophytic fungi were identified via morphological and molecular methods. Among them, Trichoderma harzianum was the core-group fungus with a relative frequency of 36.7%. In the preliminary antimicrobial assay, all the test pathogens were inhibited by Alternaria tenuissima, Penicillium pinophilum and Penicillium rubens with a maximum inhibition zone of 26 mm and a minimum zone of 11 mm using agar-plug method. All the isolated endophytic fungi produced amylase, while cellulase and tyrosinase were recorded for most of the isolated species, whereas laccase and protease and manganese peroxidase were shown by a few taxa. None of the isolated fungi produced chitinase. This study revealed the biodiversity of endophytic fungi isolated from Solanum tuberosum that could be a promising source of bioactive compounds applied in many industries.
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Karthika M, Karthika M., et Rasmi A. R. « Diversity and Extracellular Enzyme Production of Fungal Endophytes from the Genus Ocimum L. » Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 19, no 4 (20 décembre 2022) : 1113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3060.

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Ocimum tenuiflorum, O. gratissimum, and O. basilicum are medicinal plants extensively used in the traditional medicine of Kerala. The study is aimed at investigating the endophytic mycoflora associated with these Ocimum species and their ability to produce enzymes in vitro. A total of 149 fungal endophytes were isolated from roots, stems, and leaf segments from July to November 2021. They were grouped into 27 morphotypes, including five non-sporulating taxa. The highest number of isolates were obtained from the plant O. basilicum. An equally lower number of isolates were obtained from O. gratissimum and O. tenuiflorum. A greater number of fungal endophytes were obtained from the leaf segments of O.basilicum and least number of isolates obtained from the leaf segments of O.gratissimum. Isolates of Aspergillus niger complex, Diaporthe sp., and Daldinia eschscholtzii showed the highest colonizing frequency. In vitro analysis for enzyme production by all morphotypes was done and, except for laccase, all tested enzymes showed positive results.
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Chutulo, Eyob Chukalo, et Raju Krishna Chalannavar. « Endophytic Mycoflora and Their Bioactive Compounds from Azadirachta Indica : A Comprehensive Review ». Journal of Fungi 4, no 2 (24 mars 2018) : 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof4020042.

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Maheshwari, V. L., M. P. Patil, R. H. Patil et S. G. Patil. « Endophytic Mycoflora of Indian Medicinal Plant, Terminalia arjuna and their Biological Activities ». International Journal of Biotechnology for Wellness Industries 3, no 2 (22 juillet 2014) : 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.02.3.

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T N, Anusha, Nischitha R et Shivanna M B. « Diversity of Mycoflora in Root and Rhizosphere Regions of Alloteropsis Cimicina (L.) Stapf ». Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 8, S1-Feb (6 février 2021) : 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v8is1-feb.3928.

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Endophytic fungi described as the internal mycota of living plants. The present study is an attempt to document mycoflora diversity of root, rhizosphere, bulk soil of grass Alloteropsis cimicina (L.) Stapf a less known species from North East India in Bhadra reserve forest region in two different seasons. Isolation, fungal community from collected samples by Moist blotter method, Potato dextrose agar (PDA) method, Malt extract agar (MEA) methodStatistical analysis were done and the mean data by Simpson Diversity Index Shannon Evenness Shannon Diversity Index(H1 ) Simpson Evenness, Colonization frequency and Jaccard’s Similarity Coefficient is measured. There were 700 fungal colonies belonging to 18 species of 11 genera.and four NSF isolated.
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Verma, V. C., S. K. Gond, A. Kumar, R. N. Kharwar et Gary Strobel. « The Endophytic Mycoflora of Bark, Leaf, and Stem Tissues of Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem) from Varanasi (India) ». Microbial Ecology 54, no 1 (30 mars 2007) : 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-006-9179-9.

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Cherak, Imen, Abdelkrim Si Bachir, Lakhdar Cherak, Cherif Ghazi, Lotfi Loucif et Mahdi Sellami. « Diversity and distribution patterns of endophytic mycoflora of Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica Manetti) needles in Belezma biosphere reserve (Batna, Algeria) ». Biodiversity Journal 12, no 3 (24 juillet 2021) : 573–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31396/biodiv.jour.2021.12.3.573.583.

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Bensaci, Oussama Ali, Daoud Harzallah et Kamel Gouaref. « Endophytic mycoflora ofCedrus atlantica : diversity patterns and determinism of the phytosanitary situation of Atlas cedar forests in Belezma massif (Algeria) ». Forest Science and Technology 11, no 1 (2 janvier 2015) : 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2014.957352.

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PANT, PRABHA, ANJALI KORANGA et SURESH CHANDRA SATI. « Aquatic Hyphomycetes of Kumaun Himalaya : Tricladium ». Phytotaxa 415, no 1 (23 août 2019) : 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.415.1.3.

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Aquatic hyphomycetes are ecologically important, polyphyletic group of aquatic fungi with distinctly shaped conidia. Various running fresh water bodies of Kumaun Himalaya were surveyed and different submerged leaf litter, foam as well as roots of riparian plants were collected. Collected samples were processed, incubated and examined for the presence of aquatic hyphomycetes. Overall, eight species of aquatic hyphomycetes belonging to the genus Tricladium (T. aciculum, T. angulatum, T. anomalum, T. indicum, T. marylandicum, T. chaetocladium, T. splendens and T. terrestre) were recorded from submerged leaf litter and live roots of various riparian plants. Of these, T. marylandicum was new addition to the Indian mycoflora while two species T. indicum and T. marylandicum were recovered as root endophyte for the first time. A detailed taxonomic description including occurrence and distribution of each Kumaun Himalayan species of Tricladium is described and discussed here under.
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Aharwal, Ravindra, Suneel Kumar et Sardul Sandhu. « Endophytic Mycoflora as a Source of Biotherapeutic Compounds for Disease Treatment ». Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2016, 242–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/japs.2016.601034.

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« Survey of Phyllosphere & ; Endophyte Mycoflora Isolated from Adhatoda vasica Nees and Estimation of Some Secondary Metabolites ». American Journal of Pure and Applied Biosciences, 31 mars 2022, 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34104/ajpab.022.022035.

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Isolation and enumeration of phyllospheric and endophytic fungal diversity were carried out from the medicinal plant, Adhatoda vasica Nees. Occurrence of phyllosphere fungi shows a total number of 3 fungal species (Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., and Cladosporium cladosporioides). A total number of 4 (Alternaria alternata, Curvularia lunata, Mycelia sterilia1 and Aspergillus niger) and 3 (Alternaria alternata, Mycelia sterilia 2 and Penicillium sp.) fungi were isolated from leaf and stem respectively. Alternaria alternata shows to be the highest colonizer in leaf which was followed by Curvularia lunata. Mycelia sterilia 2 represented highest colonization frequency in stem. Production of total phenol, and antagonistic activity were carried out with the dominant endophytic isolates from leaf and stem. Alternaria alternata shows the highest production of phenol and highest extent of antioxidant activity. The dominant isolates failed to show any antagonistic activity against the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The presence of some phytochemical compounds, available in Adhatoda vasica, was also tested qualitatively in the vegetative body of the dominant endophytic isolates.
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Blaalid, Rakel, et Marie L. Davey. « Habitat Protection Approaches Facilitate Conservation of Overlooked Fungal Diversity – A Case Study From the Norwegian Coastal Heathland System ». Frontiers in Fungal Biology 3 (27 mai 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2022.886685.

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European coastal heathlands are distinct ecosystems shaped by land use tradition and they have experienced an 80% area reduction from their historical maximum. These mosaics of mires and wind exposed patches have ericaceous shrub dominated vegetation, and soils within coastal heathlands are characterized by low pH and high levels of recalcitrant debris. Using a culture-based approach with molecular identification of isolates, we characterized root-associated fungal communities of six ericaceous species in eight heathland localities along Norway’s western coast. Site-level alpha diversity ranged from 21-38 OTUs, while the total estimated gamma diversity for culturable heathland root fungi was 190-231 OTUs. Most species recovered are previously reported at low abundance in Norway, suggesting the biodiversity in this community is underreported, rather than novel for science. The fungi recovered were primarily Ascomycota, specifically endophytic Phialocephala, and Pezicula, and no host specificity was observed in the communities. The fungal communities exhibited high turnover and low nestedness, both between ericaceous hosts and across heathland sites. We observed no spatial patterns in fungal betadiversity, and this heterogeneity may be a product of the unique historic land use practices at each locality creating a distinct mycofloral “fingerprint”. Robust diversity estimates will be key for managing fungal biodiversity in coastal heathlands. Our results indicate that sampling schemes that maximize the number of host plants sampled per site, rather than the number of cultures per plant yield improved alpha diversity estimates. Similarly, gamma diversity estimates are improved by maximizing the total number of localities sampled, rather than increasing the number of plants sampled per locality. We argue that while the current protected status of coastal heathland habitats and restoration efforts have knock-on effects for the conservation of fungal biodiversity, fungi have a vital functional role in the ecosystem and holistic conservation plans that consider fungal biodiversity would be beneficial.
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