Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Éléphants de mer – Reproduction (biologie) »
Créez une référence correcte selon les styles APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard et plusieurs autres
Sommaire
Consultez les listes thématiques d’articles de revues, de livres, de thèses, de rapports de conférences et d’autres sources académiques sur le sujet « Éléphants de mer – Reproduction (biologie) ».
À côté de chaque source dans la liste de références il y a un bouton « Ajouter à la bibliographie ». Cliquez sur ce bouton, et nous générerons automatiquement la référence bibliographique pour la source choisie selon votre style de citation préféré : APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
Vous pouvez aussi télécharger le texte intégral de la publication scolaire au format pdf et consulter son résumé en ligne lorsque ces informations sont inclues dans les métadonnées.
Thèses sur le sujet "Éléphants de mer – Reproduction (biologie)"
Mestre, Julie. « Entre variabilité interannuelle et stratégies individuelles : effets des paramètres environnementaux sur l’écologie alimentaire et le succès reproducteur des éléphants de mer de l’archipel de Kerguelen ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS228.
Texte intégralBecause time-series relative to foraging ecology, environmental parameters and population trends are scarce, few studies focused on the mechanisms linking oceanographic variables with the foraging behaviour and breeding success in marine top predators. This PhD thesis aims to assess the effects of inter-annual environmental conditions and individual strategies on the foraging ecology and breeding success of the southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina), a key species of the Southern Ocean. The simultaneous analysis of stable isotopes and tracking-diving time-series highlighted that the foraging habitats, as well as the diving- and foraging behaviour of female seals, remained stable over the last fourteen years. This thesis also revealed a consistency in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic foraging strategies, and a decrease in the body condition of females exploiting the latter habitat. The weaning mass of their pups, considered as a proxy of the breeding success, decreased too. A difference in habitat quality was detected between the area located east and west of the Kerguelen archipelago, with the area located west providing a higher foraging success. Moreover, a spatial structuration of foraging strategies was highlighted between two breeding sites located at Kerguelen Island. Despite consistency in the behaviour of seals, an overall increase in body condition was assessed over the study period. Combined with a global decrease in δ13C values, this result suggests that some modifications are occurring in the food web of the Southern Ocean
Authier, Matthieu. « L'écologie en mer des Éléphants de Mer Austraux au travers des isotopes stables du carbone et de l'azote ». Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00660199.
Texte intégralAuthier, Matthieu. « L'écologie en mer des éléphants de mer austraux au travers des isotopes stables du carbone et de l'azote ». Phd thesis, Poitiers, 2011. http://nuxeo.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/f58ff740-8026-4c5a-a40c-7618a58cad1e.
Texte intégralHow can we study the foraging of organisms with a cryptic lifestyle? For marine species, direct observations may not be logistically feasible. To circumvent these problems, indirects approaches, which aim at tracking the flux of molecules within ecosystems, have been on the rise in ecology since the 1970s. One indirect approach relies on measuring stable isotopes in various organic tissues, including those from museum specimen, to study the trophic ecology of wild animals. Using the indirect evidence stable isotopes can provide, this Ph. D. Thesis endeavoured to study the at-sea ecology of a large predator : the southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) breeding on îles Kerguelen in the Southern Ocean. This seal spends less than one fifth of its lifetime on land where it may be directly observed, and only forages at sea. By taking advantage of the existence of a latitudinal gradient in carbon isotopes within the Southern Ocean, I investigated the relationship between foraging strategy and fitness in this capital breeder, through the use of bayesian models. Inferences on foraging locations from stable isotopic data were in broad agreement with “biologging” results : seals were mainly foraging at the Polar Front or in Antarctic waters. Using mixture models, I studied how breeding females foraging in Antarctic waters were more likely to wean a large pup compared to females foraging in Subantarctic waters. I used a joint modelling approach to study longevity in males, a fitness-related trait that is hard to study in wild populations, and its relationship with foraging as inferred from repeated isotopic sampling of teeth. This approach revealed males that had a very stable and constant foraging from an early age to be the most long-lived ones
Dragon, Anne-Cécile. « Modélisation des stratégies d'approvisionnement des éléphants de mer austraux : influence de la variabilité de la production primaire et des conditions océanographiques physiques ». Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066276.
Texte intégralBailleul, Frédéric. « Deux mille mètres sous les mers : stratégies d'acquisition des ressources et réponses comportementales des éléphants de mer de Kerguelen aux structures physiques de l'Océan Austral ». La Rochelle, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LAROS176.
Texte intégralUnderstanding how organisms exploit the resources of their environment is a central topic in ecology. At first, this work describes the foraging strategies of the Southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) from Kerguelen Islands. Then, it investigates the relationships between foraging behaviour of this species and the environmental parameters and the physical structures of the Southern Ocean. The elephant seals from Kerguelen have exhibited a large distribution in the Southern Ocean but they have concentred their foraging activity within specific areas. Close to the Antarctic continent or within the polar frontal zone, their behaviour was influenced by sea ice. And eddies, respectively. Resources distribution and predictability were not necessary the unique parameter to explain behavioural adjustments of seals. This study takes place in a global project, which compare, on the one hand, the foraging behaviour of the three principal populations of elephant seals of the Southern Ocean, to contribute for understanding their demography and, on the other hand, to acquire oceanographic data in this part of the world
Capapé, Christian. « Les sélaciens des côtes tunisiennes, systématique et biologie de la reproduction : Essai de synthèse critique : volume 1 : systématique des pleurotrêmes ; volume 2 : systématique des hypotrêmes ; volume 3 : biologie de la reproduction ». Montpellier 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON20115.
Texte intégralLoques, Françoise. « Biologie de la phanérogame marine Zostera Noltii Hornemann sur le littoral méditerranéen français ». Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE4441.
Texte intégralLoots, Christophe. « Contrôle de la distribution spatiale de l'habitat de reproduction chez les populations de poissons : approche multi-modèles appliquée à la plie et au merlan de Mer du Nord et à l'anchois du Golfe de Gascogne ». Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066496.
Texte intégralTorrents, Oriol. « Biologie des populations du corail rouge Corallium rubrum (L. 1758) de Méditerranée nord-occidentale ». Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX22072.pdf.
Texte intégralThe precious Mediterranean red coral Corallium rubrum (L. 1758) is a long–lived colonial sessile octocorallian which develops a red calcareous skeleton well–appreciated since antiquity for its value in jewellery and ornamentation. Professional harvesting, poaching and mass mortality events associated with positive thermal anomalies are the major sources of disturbance for this species. These disturbances have caused a marked decrease both in the abundance and size of colonies in the present populations. The persistence of these populations is linked to management and conservation plans constructed using reliable information about both main life history traits and population dynamics. Despite its value meaning, little is known about the biology and ecology of red coral. The main goals of this study is to provide data about significant life history traits (growth and reproduction) of red coral populations dwelling along the Mediterranean French rocky coasts in order to contribute our understanding of the biology and ecology of this species. In addition, this study will provide information about the effects of mass mortality events on red coral populations in order to better understand how these disturbances affect its population dynamics. The mean growth rate of red coral colonies was 0. 15 mm per year in diameter. Despite the large number of populations studied, growth rates remained stable across a wide variety of habitats analysed. Habitat comparisons were made between cave entrance vs cave interior, 20 vs 40 m depth and Calanques region vs west coast of Corsica Island. However, fecundity (number of mature gonads per polyp) analysed on the same populations seems only to be influenced by food availability. Thus, red coral populations dwelling at the entrance of caves showed larger fecundity than populations dwelling at the interior of the same caves. On the other hand, populations dwelling in contrasted depths (18 – 22 m vs 39 – 42 m) did not show any significant differences on fecundity. The study of reproduction biology of red coral has been completed by studies on reproductive cycle, sex ratio (1:1 overall studied populations), age and size at first reproduction (less than 3 cm corresponding to 7 – 10 years), differential gonad maturity in contrasted locations in both cave and depth factors analyses, inter-annual variability on fecundity (it seems to be low along three years) and the effects of mass mortality events on red coral fecundity. Finally, experiments on thermal tolerance in aquaria have been performed using two populations dwelling at contrasted depths (11 – 14 vs 39 – 42 m). The upper thermal limit was 25 °C. At this temperature, red coral colonies showed necrosis after 10 – 15 days. Polyp activity and calcification was also affected by increase of seawater temperature. Three experiments indicate that colonies from shallow populations had greater thermal tolerance to elevated temperatures than those from the deeper ones. In conclusion, this study furnished data to complete information about population dynamics of red coral. It is the aim of this study is to contribute to the development of mathematical models that can be used to explore the response of red coral populations under different disturbance regimes, as well as to facilitate future research about genetic or environmental factors which can modulate responses of these populations to environmental changes associated to climate change. Finally, these informations will help to improve both management and conservation plans
Lagarde, Franck. « Écologie de la reproduction de l'huître Crassostrea gigas en lagune méditerranéenne ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS470.
Texte intégralThe Mediterranean lagoons host many anthropogenic uses including shellfish aquaculture since the beginning of the 20th century. Imported in 1970, the cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, has adapted perfectly and has allowed an important development of oyster’s industry until 2008, the year of occurrence of spat outbreak related to the emergence of an Ostreid Herpes-virus µvar. The scarcity of spat and the speculation on this product changed regionally cultural practices and the supply of juveniles, with in particular the wish of developing a local activity of spat collection. However the cycle of reproduction of the species and the recruitment of juveniles were poorly known in lagoon environments. In this context, the objective of this thesis is to characterize the variability of the reproduction and the recruitment of the cupped oyster in Mediterranean lagoon. The lagoon configuration offers the advantages of productivity for the broodstock and hydrodynamic connectivity for the larvae. However, it appears that the ecological functioning of the system at the base of the primary production plays an essential role on the trophic resources for the success of oyster reproduction. This work takes place in the context of the ecological restoration under oligotrophication, which first effects we describe on the oyster's reproductive cycle