Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Ejector Chiller »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Ejector Chiller"
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Radchenko, Andrii, Dariusz Mikielewicz, Mykola Radchenko, Serhiy Forduy, Oleksandr Rizun et Viktor Khaldobin. « Innovative combined in-cycle trigeneration technologies for food industries ». E3S Web of Conferences 323 (2021) : 00029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132300029.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The majority of integrated energy systems (IES) for combined electricity, heat and refrigeration generation, or trigeneration, are based on gas engines. The fuel efficiency of gas engines are strictly influenced by intake air temperatures. Practically in all IES the absorption lithium-bromide chillers (ACh) are applied for conversing the heat removed from the engine into refrigeration in the form of chilled water. The peculiarity of trigeneration in food industries is the use of chilled water of about 12°C for technological needs instead of 7°C as typical for ACh. This leads to a considerable great potential of engine intake air deeper cooling not realized by ACh, that can be used by ejector chiller (ECh) as the low temperature stage of two-stage absorption-ejector chiller (AECh) to provide engine cyclic air deep cooling and enhancing engine fuel efficiency. To evaluate the effect of gas engine cyclic air cooling the data on fuel consumption and power output of gas engine JMS 420 GS-N.L were analyzed.
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Viscito, Luca, Gianluca Lillo, Giovanni Napoli et Alfonso William Mauro. « Waste Heat Driven Multi-Ejector Cooling Systems : Optimization of Design at Partial Load ; Seasonal Performance and Cost Evaluation ». Energies 14, no 18 (9 septembre 2021) : 5663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185663.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this paper, a seasonal performance analysis of a hybrid ejector cooling system is carried-out, by considering a multi-ejector pack as expansion device. A 20 kW ejector-based chiller was sized to obtain the optimal tradeoff between performance and investment costs. The seasonal performance of the proposed solution was then evaluated through a dynamic simulation able to obtain the performance of the designed chiller with variable ambient temperatures for three different reference climates. The optimized multi-ejector system required three or four ejectors for any reference climate and was able to enhance the system performance at partial load, with a significant increase (up to 107%) of the seasonal energy efficiency ratio. The proposed system was then compared to conventional cooling technologies supplied by electric energy (electrical chillers EHP) or low-grade heat sources (absorption chillers AHP) by considering the total costs for a lifetime of 20 years and electric energy-specific costs for domestic applications from 0.10 to 0.50 €/kWhel. The optimized multi-ejector cooling system presented a significant convenience with respect to both conventional technologies. For warmer climates and with high electricity costs, the minimum lifetime for the multi-ejector system to achieve the economic break-even point could be as low as 1.9 years.
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Радченко, Андрій Миколайович, Микола Іванович Радченко, Богдан Сергійович Портной, Сергій Анатолійович Кантор et Олександр Ігорович Прядко. « ВИКОРИСТАННЯ НАДЛИШКУ ХОЛОДОПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ ХОЛОДИЛЬНИХ МАШИН ПРИ ОХОЛОДЖЕННІ ПОВІТРЯ НА ВХОДІ ГТУ ». Aerospace technic and technology, no 5 (29 août 2020) : 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2020.5.06.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The processes of the gas turbine inlet air cooling by exhaust heat conversion chillers, which utilizing the gas turbine exhaust gas heat, converting it into cold were analyzed. The use of two-stage air cooling has been investigated: to a temperature of 15°C – in an absorption lithium-bromide chiller and below to a temperature of 10°C – in an ejector chiller as stages of a two-stage absorption-ejector chiller. To simulate air cooling processes, the program "Guentner Product Calculator", one of the leading manufacturers of heat exchangers "Guentner", was used. The possibility of using the accumulated excess refrigeration capacity of a combined absorption-ejector chiller, which is formed at reduced current heat loads on air coolers at the gas turbine inlet, to cover the refrigeration capacity deficit arising at increased heat loads due to high ambient air temperatures has been investigated. The refrigeration capacity required to the gas turbine inlet air cooling was compared to an excess refrigeration capacity which excess of the current heat load. The considered air cooling system provides pre-cooling of air at the gas turbine inlet by using the excess refrigeration capacity of the absorption-ejector chiller, accumulated in the cold accumulator, to provide the required refrigeration capacity of the air pre-cooling booster stage. The simulation results proved the expediency of the gas turbine inlet air cooling using the accumulated excess refrigeration capacity of the combined absorption-ejector chiller. The proposed solution reduces by about 50% the design refrigeration capacity and, accordingly, the cost of the installed absorption lithium-bromide chiller, which acts as a high-temperature stage for cooling the ambient air at the gas turbine inlet.
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Радченко, Роман Миколайович, Максим Андрійович Пирисунько, Нiн Чен et Баочен Хан. « ОХОЛОДЖЕННЯ ПОВІТРЯ НА ВХОДІ МАЛООБЕРТОВОГО ДВИГУНА ЕЖЕКТОРНОЮ ХОЛОДИЛЬНОЮ МАШИНОЮ ПРИ ЕКСПЛУАТАЦІЇ СУДНА В ТРОПІЧНИХ УМОВАХ ». Aerospace technic and technology, no 1 (25 janvier 2020) : 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2020.1.03.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The efficiency of air cooling at the inlet of the main low-speed engine turbocharger of a transport vessel during operation in tropical climatic conditions on the Shanghai-Singapore-Shanghai route was analyzed. A feature of the tropical climate is the high relative humidity, respectively, moisture content at its simultaneously high temperatures. The cooling of the air at the inlet of a low-speed engine with an ejector chiller by transforming the waste heat of exhaust gases into cold was studied. The ejector chiller is used as the most simple and reliable in operation. However, the efficiency of the transformation of heat into cold by ejector chillers is low - low thermal coefficients.A design solution of the system for cooling air at the inlet of the ship's main engine using the heat of the exhaust gases by an ejector chiller is proposed and analyzed. The effect of using the heat of the exhaust gases to cool the air at the engine inlet is analyzed taking into account the variable climatic conditions during the voyage of the vessel. It is shown that because of the insufficiently high efficiency of transforming the waste heat of the exhaust gases by an ejector chiller (low thermal coefficients), the obtained cooling capacity is not sufficient for cooling the air at the inlet of the turbocompressor during operation of a marine engine in tropical climatic conditions. Therefore, the possibility of use in the ejector chiller of additional heat of charge air, which is removed by cooling water, is also considered. It is shown that the use of the heat of exhaust gases and charge air for cooling the air at the engine inlet in an ejector chiller makes it possible to double decrease the air temperature at the inlet of the main engine by 20-30 °C when the vessel operates in tropical climatic conditions on a voyage lines Shanghai-Singapore-Shanghai. This, in turn, provides an almost twice fuel consumption reduction in compared with its reduction in the case when the ejector chiller uses only the heat of the exhaust gases.
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Radchenko, Mykola, Andrii Radchenko, Dariusz Mikielewicz, Krzysztof Kosowski, Serhiy Kantor et Ivan Kalinichenko. « Gas turbine intake air hybrid cooling systems and their rational designing ». E3S Web of Conferences 323 (2021) : 00030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132300030.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The general trend to improve the fuel efficiency of gas turbines (GT) at increased ambient temperatures is turbine intake air cooling (TIAC) by exhaust heat recovery chillers The high efficiency absorption lithium-bromide chillers (ACh) of a simple cycle are the most widely used, but they are not able to cool intake air lower than 15°C because of a chilled water temperature of about 7°C. A two-stage hybrid absorption-ejector chillers (AECh) were developed with ejector chiller as a low temperature stage to provide deep air cooling to 10°C and lower. A novel trend in TIAC by two-stage air cooling in chillers of hybrid type has been proposed to provide about 50% higher annual fuel saving in temperate climatic conditions as compared with ACh cooling. The advanced methodology to design and rational distribute the cooling capacity of TIAC systems that provides a closed to maximum annual fuel reduction without oversizing was developed.
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Radchenko, Andrii, Mykola Radchenko, Dariusz Mikielewicz, Anatoliy Pavlenko, Roman Radchenko et Serhiy Forduy. « Energy Saving in Trigeneration Plant for Food Industries ». Energies 15, no 3 (4 février 2022) : 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15031163.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The trigeneration plants for combined cooling, heating, and electricity supply, or integrated energy systems (IES), are mostly based on gas reciprocating engines. The fuel efficiency of gas reciprocating engines depends essentially on air intake temperatures. The transformation of the heat removed from the combustion engines into refrigeration is generally conducted by absorption lithium-bromide chillers (ACh). The peculiarity of refrigeration generation in food technologies is the use of chilled water of about 12 °C instead of 7 °C as the most typical for ACh. This leads to a considerable cooling potential not realized by ACh that could be used for cooling the engine intake air. A refrigerant ejector chiller (ECh) is the simplest in design, cheap, and can be applied as the low-temperature stage of a two-stage absorption-ejector chiller (AECh) to provide engine intake air cooling and increase engine fuel efficiency as result. The monitoring data on gas engine fuel consumption and power were analyzed in order to evaluate the effect of gas engine cyclic air cooling.
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Радченко, Микола Іванович, Дмитро Вікторович Коновалов, Чжан Цян, Лю Шаоцзюнь, Луо Зевей et Джі Ран. « ОХОЛОДЖЕННЯ НАДДУВНОГО ПОВІТРЯ ГОЛОВНОГО СУДНОВОГО ДВИГУНА ЕЖЕКТОРНОЮ ХОЛОДИЛЬНОЮ МАШИНОЮ В ЕКВАТОРІАЛЬНИХ ШИРОТАХ ». Aerospace technic and technology, no 2 (27 avril 2020) : 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2020.2.04.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The efficiency of cooling the scavenge air of the main low-speed engine of the transport vessel during operation in the equatorial tropical latitudes is analyzed. The peculiarity of the tropical climate is the high relative humidity of the air at the same time its high temperatures and temperatures of seawater. The cooling of the s scavenge air with a refrigerant ejector chiller was investigated by transforming the scavenge air heat into the cold. With this, the potentially possible minimum temperature of the cooled air was determined considering the boiling temperature of the refrigerant and the temperature differences in the heat exchangers of the intermediate water cooling circuit. Refrigerant ejector chiller is used as the most simple and reliable in design. However, the efficiency of converting the heat to cold by ejector chillers is low: their coefficients of performance are approximately 0.3. Circuit-design solution of three-stage cooling system of scavenging air of ship's main engine - in high-temperature (cogeneration) stage using the extracted heat of scavenging air to get cold with ejector chiller and traditional stage for cooling scavenge air by seawater and low-temperature cooling stage by ejector chiller. The effect of deeper cooling of the scavenge air was determined in comparison with the cooling of the scavenge air with seawater, taking into account the changing climatic conditions during the route of the vessel. It is shown that because of the insufficiently high efficiency of transformation of the scavenge air heat by the ejector chiller (low coefficients of performance) the obtained cooling capacity is not sufficient to cool the scavenge air to a potentially possible minimum temperature of 22 °C when operating the ship engine in tropical climates. However, the heat deficit is relatively small and can be covered by the use of additional exhaust gas heat.
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Радченко, Микола Іванович, Євген Іванович Трушляков, Богдан Сергійович Портной, Сергій Анатолійович Кантор et Ян Зонмін. « ПОРІВНЯННЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ГЛИБОКОГО ОХОЛОДЖЕННЯ ПОВІТРЯ НА ВХОДІ ГТУ ДЛЯ РІЗНОГО ТИПУ КЛІМАТУ ». Aerospace technic and technology, no 1 (25 janvier 2020) : 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2020.1.02.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The efficiency of deep air cooling at the inlet of gas turbine units has been investigated for changed climatic conditions of operation during the month. For air cooling, the use of waste heat recovery chiller has been considered, which transform the heat of exhaust gases of gas turbine units into the cold. The efficiency of air cooling at the inlet of gas turbine units to different temperatures has been analysed: to 15°C – an absorption lithium-bromide chiller, which is used as the first pre-cooling stage of ambient air and down to 10°C – a combined absorption-ejector chiller, with ejector refrigerant chiller as the second stage of air cooling.The air cooling efficiency is estimated for different climatic conditions: a temperate climate on the example of Odessa (Ukraine) and a subtropical climate for Guangzhou (China). The subtropical climate peculiarity of Guangzhou is the high relative humidity of the air, respectively, and its moisture contents at the same time its high temperatures. As an indicator, when evaluating the efficiency of air cooling at the inlet of gas turbine units to 15°C in an absorption lithium-bromide chiller and deep cooling of air to 10°C in a combined absorption-ejector chiller, the specific fuel consumption reduced has been used. In this case, the needs for specific production of refrigeration capacity and specific capacity of cooling towers for cooling waste heat recovery chillers when cooling air to different temperatures are compared. It is shown that, through extremely different thermal and humidity parameters of ambient air, its cooling at the inlet of gas turbine units to 10ºС for the climatic conditions of Ukraine provides the current decrease in specific fuel consumption due to deeper cooling of the air at the inlet of the GTU in 1.6 ... 1.7 times compared with cooling to 15ºС, and for climatic conditions of the PRC - 1.4 ... 1.45 times. However, it should be noted that a deeper cooling of the air at the inlet of the gas turbine unit to a temperature of 10°C in a combined absorption-ejector chiller compared to its traditional cooling to 15°C in an absorption bromine-lithium chiller requires an increase in the required specific amount of cold by 1.7 ... 2, 0 times and the required specific capacity of cooling towers for cooling chillers by 2.6 ... 3.0 times for the climatic conditions of Ukraine, while for China - 1.25 ... 1.3 and 1.5 ... 1.6 times, respectively.
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Yang, Zongming, Mykola Radchenko, Andrii Radchenko, Dariusz Mikielewicz et Roman Radchenko. « Gas Turbine Intake Air Hybrid Cooling Systems and a New Approach to Their Rational Designing ». Energies 15, no 4 (17 février 2022) : 1474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041474.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Gas turbine intake air cooling (TIAC) by exhaust gas heat recovery chillers is a general trend to improve turbine fuel efficiency at increased ambient temperatures. The high efficiency absorption lithium–bromide chillers of a simple cycle are the most widely used, but they are unable to cool inlet air lower than 15 °C. A two-stage hybrid absorption–ejector chillers were developed with absorption chiller as a high temperature stage and ejector chiller as a low temperature stage to subcool air from 15 °C to 10 °C and lower. A novel trend in TIAC by two-stage air cooling in hybrid chillers has been substantiated to provide about 50% higher annual fuel saving in temperate climate as compared with absorption cooling. A new approach to reduce practically twice design cooling capacity of absorption chiller due to its rational distribution with accumulating excessive refrigeration energy at decreased thermal loads to cover the picked demands and advanced design methodology based on it was proposed. The method behind this is issued from comparing a behavior of the characteristic curves of refrigeration energy required for TIAC with its available values according to various design cooling capacities to cover daily fluctuation of thermal loads at reduced by 15 to 20% design cooling capacity and practically maximum annual fuel reduction.
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Радченко, Андрій Миколайович, Сергій Анатолійович Кантор, Богдан Сергійович Портной et Юрій Георгійович Щербак. « ОХОЛОДЖЕННЯ ПОВІТРЯ НА ВХОДІ ГТУ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ РЕЗЕРВУ ХОЛОДОПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ АБСОРБЦІЙНО-ЕЖЕКТОРНОЇ ХОЛОДИЛЬНОЇ МАШИНИ В БУСТЕРНОМУ ПОВІТРООХОЛОДЖУВАЧІ ». Aerospace technic and technology, no 2 (26 avril 2018) : 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2018.2.02.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The processes of gas turbine unit two-stage intake air cooling by absorption lithium-bromide chiller as a high temperature cooling stage to the temperature of about 15 °C and by refrigerant ejector chiller as a low temperature cooling stage to the temperature of about 10 °C through utilizing the turbine exhaust gas waste heat for hour-by-hour changing ambient air temperatures and changeable heat loads on the air coolers as consequence during 10 days of July 2017 (10–12.07.2017) for climatic conditions of the south of Ukraine are analyzed. The computer programs of the firms-producers of heat exchangers were used for gas turbine unit inlet air cooling processes simulation.It is shown that at decreased heat loads on the air coolers an excessive refrigeration capacity of combined absorption-ejector chiller exceeding current heat loads is generated which can be used for covering increased heat loads on the air coolers and to reduce the refrigeration capacity of the absorption-ejector chiller. To solve this task the refrigeration capacity required for gas turbine unit inlet air cooling is compared with an excessive refrigeration capacity of the absorption-ejector chiller exceeding current heat loads summarized during 10 days.The system of gas turbine unit inlet air cooling with a booster stage of precooling air and a base two-stage cooling air to the temperature of about 10 °C by absorption-ejector chiller has been proposed. An excessive refrigeration capacity of the absorption-ejector chiller generated during decreased heat loads on the gas turbine unit inlet air coolers that is collected in the thermal accumulator is used for gas turbine unit inlet air precooling in a booster stage of air coolers during increased heat loads on the air coolers. The results of gas turbine unit inlet air cooling processes simulation proved the reduction of refrigeration capacity of the absorption-ejector chiller by about 50 % due to the use of a booster stage for precooling air at the expanse of an excessive absorption-ejector chiller refrigeration capacity served in the thermal accumulator. The conclusion has been made about the efficient use of a booster stage of gas turbine unit inlet air cooler for precooling air by using an excessive refrigeration potential of absorption-ejector chiller saved in the thermal accumulator
Thèses sur le sujet "Ejector Chiller"
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Luque, Arancibia Paula Andrea. « Sistema de comunicación visual para ejecutar y difundir un taller de fortalecimiento de competencias parentales de la Fundación INTEGRA ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2005. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/113466.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Diseñador GráficoEl siguiente proyecto busca Facilitar a la fundación la entrega de información a los adultos significativos de los párvulos que asisten a sus establecimientos, a través de un taller especialmente planificado para impartir conocimientos sobre la familia y la crianza, el cual requiere materializarse de manera amigable, fluida y atractiva, tanto para convocar a los participantes como para ayudar a la monitora en la ejecución de las sesiones. El obejtivo es elaborar un sistema de comunicación visual para difundir y ejecutar un taller de fortalecimiento de competencias parentales de la Fundación INTEGRA, enfocado a mejorar las relaciones entre adultos y niños. Facilitar a la monitora la ejecución de las sesiones, optimizándolas a favor de los objetivos de la fundación Desarrollar estrategias para convocar al público y facilitar su aprendizaje durante el taller.
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Mahmoudian, Jafar. « Analytical and Experimental Evaluation of Ejector Refrigeration System using Environmentally Friendly Fluid ». Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1201684.
Texte intégralRésumé :
During the recent years the interest of industry and scientific community in refrigeration systems working with natural fluids has considerably grown because of the more and more strict regulations regarding environmentally safe refrigerants. This thesis mainly describes a theoretical and experimental investi-gation of the jet pump refrigerator, and the application of Com-putational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) to validate the performance of the system.
The present work is divided into two main parts plus introduction chapter which is devoted to literature reviews and theoretical concept of refrigeration system especially heat-powered ejector refrigeration cycle. Part I is devoted to the presentation of the results obtained with the industrial prototype developed by the University of Florence. Chapter 1 propose a detailed examina-tion of the phenomena occurring in the various ejector regions with R245fa as refrigerant. The knowledge and experience of these tests sets the basic to move on the new refrigerant, R1233zd, due to the same thermodynamic properties with the previous one and low GWP. The numerical and analytical mod-elling of the ejector validate the experimental results of the new refrigerant that is explored in Chapter 2.
Part II is examined the fundamental study on water vapour con-densation inside a supersonic nozzle operated through shock tunnel. Chapter 3 is dedicated to this issue for the final goal of the Thermo Group which is substituting synthetic refrigerant with steam as the best natural and environmentally friendly fluid. Experimental data of the condensation shocks inside a nozzle and shock behavior through the tunnel was validated with the thermodynamic theoretical and recorded photos.
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Murmanskii, Ilia. « Improvement and design of ejectors for steam turbines and chillers ». Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1173185.
Texte intégralRésumé :
• The correlation between the geometrical parameters, performance characteristics and purpose (for condensation or cogeneration turbines) of multistage steam-driven ejectors has been identified and summarized. The analysis was based on a study of 24 serial ejectors analyzing the position of the “effective cross section” (in which the entrained mixture reaches or passes the speed of sound), the ejector’s general geometric parameter (the ratio of the areas of critical sections of the mixing chamber and the nozzle), various values of the axial position of the nozzle, the distribution of compression ratios in multistage ejectors and changes in the critical diameters of nozzles in the ejector’s stages.
• A specific methodology for the design and calibration of calculations for multistage steam-driven ejectors was developed based on the analysis and synthesis of the results of industrial tests, a summary of the geometric characteristics of serial ejectors and numerical simulation. The methodology for the design and calculation was refined in order to reduce the consumption of working steam, to determine the position of the “effective cross section”, to choose the main geometrical parameter of the ejector and to distribute the degrees of compression over the ejector’s stages. The developed methodology for the calibration calculation allows one to determine the characteristics of the ejector stages with the given geometric dimensions of jet devices and the flow shares of the steam condensing in the intermediate coolers.
• A gas-dynamic effect of a significant change in the pressure of the steam-air mixture in the ejector’s intercoolers was detected. Compared with the inlet pressure, the pressure of the steam-air mixture at the outlet from the coolers decreases by ΔР = 1.0 ... 4.0 kPa or increases by ΔР = 1.0 ... 8.6 kPa. A physico-mathematical model has been developed that describes the effect of pressure increase as a pressure leap in a two-phase, two-component medium formed at the inlet to the heat exchanger.
All major scientific results have been confirmed experimentally.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Ejector Chiller"
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Radchenko, Roman, Maxim Pyrysunko, Andrii Radchenko, Andrii Andreev et Victoria Kornienko. « Ship Engine Intake Air Cooling by Ejector Chiller Using Recirculation Gas Heat ». Dans Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 734–43. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68014-5_71.
Texte intégral
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Pyrysunko, Maxim, Andrii Radchenko, Veniamin Tkachenko, Anatoliy Zubarev et Artem Andreev. « Marine Diesel Engine Inlet Air Cooling by Ejector Chiller on the Vessel Route Line ». Dans Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 259–68. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06044-1_25.
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Radchenko, Roman, Maxim Pyrysunko, Victoria Kornienko, Ionut-Cristian Scurtu et Radosław Patyk. « Improving the Ecological and Energy Efficiency of Internal Combustion Engines by Ejector Chiller Using Recirculation Gas Heat ». Dans Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 531–41. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66717-7_45.
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Milazzo, Adriano, et Federico Mazzelli. « Ejector Chillers for Solar Cooling ». Dans Renewable Energy in the Service of Mankind Vol II, 881–91. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18215-5_80.
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Radchenko, Andrii, Andrii Andreev, Dmytro Konovalov, Zhang Qiang et Luo Zewei. « Analysis of Ship Main Engine Intake Air Cooling by Ejector Turbocompressor Chillers on Equatorial Voyages ». Dans Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 487–97. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66717-7_41.
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Bergander, Marek J. « Ejector Refrigeration Cycles ». Dans Handbook of Research on Advances and Applications in Refrigeration Systems and Technologies, 1–35. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8398-3.ch001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This chapter describes a collaborative effort of US private companies and various departments of the US Government to investigate the possibility of improving the efficiency of HVAC systems by use of one and two-phase ejectors. It is anticipated that this technology, when fully developed will result in attractive, energy saving products that significantly improve the performance of commercial and residential chiller/air-conditioning systems, refrigeration plants, and heat pumps (geothermal and air-source). Although the literature describing ejector applications in refrigeration dates back to the year of 1900, the ejector use was always considered as controversial, because the previous research had resulted with only theoretical results and without visible, commercial products. The research on the ejector application is consistent with present directions in the HVAC industry and it will attract more attention and research funding in the future. A classification of thermodynamic cycles where ejectors can be applied composed by three distinctive “categories” is suggested.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Ejector Chiller"
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Al-Ansary, Hany A. « The Use of Ejector Refrigeration Systems for Turbine Inlet Air Cooling : A Thermodynamic and CFD Study ». Dans ASME 2007 Energy Sustainability Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2007-36044.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cooling turbine inlet air is a proven method of increasing turbine power output, especially during peak summer demand. It is estimated that turbine power output can increase by as much as 0.7% for every 1°C drop in inlet air temperature. Two inlet air cooling systems are widely used: evaporative cooling systems and chiller systems. Evaporative cooling is economical and uncomplicated, but its efficiency can significantly drop if the relative humidity is high. There is also a potential for excessive wear of compressor blades if water droplets are carried into the compressor section. On the other hand, chiller systems have the advantage of being independent of humidity and do not have the potential to cause damage to compressor blades. However, chiller systems consume power and cause a larger pressure drop than evaporative coolers. In this work, the possibility of using an ejector refrigeration system to cool turbine inlet air is explored. These systems are low-maintenance, fluid-driven, heat-operated devices that can use part of the turbine exhaust flow as the heat source for running the cycle. These systems require only pump power to feed liquid refrigerant to the vapor generator, making the power consumption potentially lower than conventional chiller systems. Using thermodynamic analysis, this paper compares the performance of ejector refrigeration systems with that of chiller systems based primarily on their power consumption. Performance characteristics for the ejector system are obtained through a CFD model that uses a real-gas model for R-134a. Published data on the performance of a commercial gas turbine is also considered. The power consumption of ejector refrigeration systems is found to be significantly smaller than that of vapor compression systems, with savings ranging from 19% to 80%. Power consumption is also found to be small compared to the boost in turbine power that is obtained. The percentage of waste heat needed to operate the ejector refrigeration system is found to be generally less than 25%.
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Radchenko, R., N. Radchenko, A. Tsoy, S. Forduy, Z. Anatoliy et I. Kalinichenko. « Utilizing the heat of gas module by an absorption lithium-bromide chiller with an ejector booster stage ». Dans INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICSAS2020). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0026788.
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Petrenko, Volodymyr, Bin-Juine Huang, Kostyantyn Shestopalov, Oleksiy Volovyk et Volodymyr Ierin. « Design and Modeling of Innovative Solar Ejector Air Conditioners and Chillers Operating with Low Boiling Working Fluids ». Dans EuroSun 2010. Freiburg, Germany : International Solar Energy Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18086/eurosun.2010.10.35.
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Denton, Michael J., Samir B. Tambe et San-Mou Jeng. « Experimental Investigation Into the High Altitude Relight of a Three-Cup Combustor Sector ». Dans ASME Turbo Expo 2018 : Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-77146.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The altitude relight of a gas turbine combustor is an FAA and EASA regulation which dictates the successful re-ignition of an engine and its proper spool-up after an in-flight shutdown. Combustor pressure loss, ambient pressure, ambient temperature, and equivalence ratio were all studied on a full-scale, 3-cup, single-annular aviation combustor sector to create an ignition map. The flame development process was studied through the implementation of high-speed video. Testing was conducted by placing the sector horizontally upstream of an air jet ejector in a high altitude relight testing facility. Air was maintained at room temperature for varying pressure, and then the cryogenic heat exchanger was fed with liquid nitrogen to chill the air down to a limit of −50 deg F, corresponding with an altitude of 30,000 feet. Fuel was injected at constant equivalence ratios across multiple operating conditions, giving insight into the ignition map of the combustor sector. Results of testing indicated difficulty in achieving ignition at high altitudes for pressure drops greater than 2%, while low pressure drops show adequate performance. Introducing low temperatures to simulate the ambient conditions yielded a worse outcome, with all conditions having poor results except for 1%. High-speed video of the flame development process during the relight conditions across all altitudes yielded a substantial effect of the pressure drop on ignitability of the combustor. An increase in pressure drop was associated with a decrease in the likelihood of ignition success, especially at increasing altitudes. The introduction of the reduced temperature effect exacerbated this effect, further hurting ignition. High velocity regions in the combustor were detrimental to the ignition, and high area, low velocity regions aided greatly. The flame tended to settle into the corner recirculation zone and recirculate back into the center-toroidal recirculation zone (CTRZ), spreading downstream and likewise into adjacent swirl cups. These tests demonstrate the need for new combustor designs to consider adding large recirculation zones for combustor flame stability that will aid in relight requirements.
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Núñez Cerda, Francisco Javier. « Formulación de la estrategia competitiva para el centro histórico de la ciudad de Concepción, Región del Bio Bío, Chile ». Dans International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Mexicali : Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7662.
Texte intégralRésumé :
El origen del presente estudio se encuentra en la necesidad de formular planes y acciones que fomenten la recuperación o revitalización del centro comercial de la Ciudad de Concepción, capital de la Región del Bío Bío, con especial énfasis en diseñar líneas de emprendimiento para las PYMES comercial y de servicios. Esto ha sido detonado por las falencias actuales que presenta la actividad comercial en el centro de la ciudad, debilidades relativas con respecto a otros centros comerciales en aspectos de infraestructura, seguridad, atractivo y otros, las cuales no le permiten brindar servicios acordes a las nuevas demandas y expectativas de sus usuarios, ya sean comerciantes, público, inversionistas, turistas, residentes y la comunidad en general.
Todo esto incentivó a que el Gobierno Regional, en conjunto con INNOVA Bío Bío y la Cámara de Comercio, Turismo y Servicios de Concepción, llevaran a cabo este estudio, en el cual INNOVA Bío Bío es la contraparte técnica y financiera; y la Universidad del Bío- Bío, el organismo ejecutor.
El objetivo general del proyecto es la identificación y validación de planes de acciones públicos y privados para la recuperación en los ámbitos del emprendimiento de la actividad comercial, cultural y turística, particularmente de las PYMES, para el centro de la ciudad de Concepción.
El estudio consiste en la recopilación y análisis de información de diagnóstico, estudios e investigaciones de mercado, planificación estratégica, georreferenciación de información y análisis de experiencias internacionales en este ámbito, todo lo cual soporta la formulación de programas, acciones y proyectos específicos, que puedan ser abordados por organismos públicos y privados en forma coordinada.
Lo anterior ha sido complementado con una fuerte participación política y ciudadana, expresada en talleres con los gobiernos regionales, provinciales y comunales, con los operadores públicos y privados del centro y con representantes de la comunidad. El trabajo técnico ha sido orientado por una mesa de trabajo conformada por personeros del Gobierno Regional, la Municipalidad de Concepción, INNOVA Bío Bío, la Cámara de Comercio, Servicios y Turismo, y actores relevantes de la actividad comercial local.
Los resultados del estudio se refieren a un diagnóstico urbano-comercial del centro de Concepción, un estudio de mercado, información georreferenciada en un sistema de información geográfica, la visión, misión y lineamientos estratégicos para el centro comercial y un plan de marketing que contiene un conjunto de programas y acciones que favorezcan una actividad comercial eficiente en este centro.
El presente trabajo fue desarrollado en el marco del proyecto INNOVA Bío Bío (código 06 PC S4 31L10) “Recuperación del Centro Comercial de la ciudad de Concepción”, originado en la necesidad de formular planes y acciones que fomenten la revitalización y competitividad del centro comercial de la ciudad de Concepción, Región del Biobío, Chile, con especial énfasis en el diseño de planes de emprendimiento para las PYMES comercial y de servicios. Este trabajo fue realizado por la Universidad del Bío-Bío y actuaron como contraparte técnica el Gobierno Regional, la Ilustre Municipalidad de Concepción y la Cámara de Comercio, Servicios y Turismo de Concepción. La metodología de trabajo consistió en realizar un diagnostico estratégico del área comercial, un estudio de mercado, un proceso de planificación estratégica y un plan de programas y proyectos, soportado por un sistema de información geográfico y mediante un trabajo participativo con la comunidad y aplicando experiencias internacionales.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Ejector Chiller"
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Puerta-Giraldo, María Jacinta, et Andrea Mosquera-Guerrero. La tecnología como medio de mejora en los sistemas de sanciones tributarias en Colombia y Chile. Ediciones Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, septembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/wpri.03.
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En búsqueda de una diversificación de las empresas, la tecnología desempeña un papel muy importante, pues hace parte de los cambios futuros que traen consigo nueva normatividad, la cual debe ejecutarse, inicialmente, de una manera voluntaria y, en varios casos, obligatoria. Este trabajo es un análisis comparativo de los Sistemas Tributarios en Latinoamérica, en especial, entre Chile y Colombia, para así identificar la influencia que ha tenido la llegada de nuevas tecnologías en las cargas tributarias de cada país y cómo los contribuyentes asumen los impactos de esta, mediante su eficiencia. Cabe destacar la importancia de la asesoría del contador público en los cambios por ejecutar en las entidades, de esto depende que los contribuyentes asuman nuevas responsabilidades y, por ende, se acarrean nuevas cargas tributarias, lo cual incide en que la elusión y la evasión sigan siendo la brecha fiscal en ambos países. El conocimiento y la experiencia que tienen otros países en relación con su estructura tributaria y los beneficios que obtienen de esta se convierten en ejemplo para otros, solo que toman años en la ejecución y esta es la verdadera brecha de desigualdad que actualmente hay en Latinoamérica y de esta depende el crecimiento económico de la zona.
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Brichetti, Juan Pablo, Tomás Serebrisky et Ben Solís. La evolución de los precios de los servicios de infraestructura en América Latina y el Caribe entre 2012 y 2022. Inter-American Development Bank, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004557.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Los servicios de infraestructura -agua, saneamiento, energía, telecomunicaciones y transporte- son un insumo vital para el desarrollo de las personas. Los precios de estos servicios son variables fundamentales para que los usuarios decidan las cantidades que pueden consumir y para que, en el caso de los proveedores, determinen los estándares de calidad de los servicios y las inversiones que son capaces de ejecutar para aumentar el acceso, entre otros aspectos. Este documento utiliza la información de los Indices de Precios al Consumidor (IPC) de siete países de la región (Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México, Perú y República Dominicana) y analiza las variaciones experimentadas por los precios de los servicios de infraestructura en el periodo 2012-2022.