Thèses sur le sujet « Efficiency and cost-effectiveness »
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Lieder, Michael. « Integrated evaluation of resource efficiency and cost effectiveness in production systems ». Licentiate thesis, KTH, Produktionssystem, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-144289.
Texte intégralQC 20140416
Schroeder, Elizabeth-Ann. « The cost-effectiveness and efficiency of intrapartum maternity care in England ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f9cf3e25-34ae-49a3-ab50-5721e81a7458.
Texte intégralXylia, Maria. « Cost-effectiveness assessment of energy efficiency obligation schemes - implications for Swedish industries ». Thesis, KTH, Energi och klimatstudier, ECS, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-125611.
Texte intégralHorgan, Jane Elizabeth. « Testing the effectiveness and cost-efficiency of livestock guarding dogs in Botswana ». Thesis, Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1021300.
Texte intégralBordonaro, Tino. « A comparison of the effectiveness cost and efficiency of four formative evaluation conditions / ». Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68074.
Texte intégralBoozer, Benjamin Bryan Permaloff Anne. « An analysis of economic efficiency in predicting legislative voting beyond a traditional liberal-conservative spectrum ». Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SPRING/Political_Science/Dissertation/Boozer_Benjamin_34.pdf.
Texte intégralHassan, Aakash. « Improving the efficiency, power quality, and cost-effectiveness of solar PV systems using intelligent techniques ». Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2023. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2676.
Texte intégralSimmons, Brian Spencer. « Lowest cost building technology selection for energy efficient design ». Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45941.
Texte intégralPascual, Argente Natàlia 1988. « Essays on economic evaluation of efficiency in health care interventions ». Doctoral thesis, TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672767.
Texte intégralL’objectiu d’aquest treball és l’avaluació de l’impacte de nous antivirals d’acció directa per a l’hepatitis C com a innovació sanitària disruptiva que va desafiar els sistemes sanitaris. Dues revisions sistemàtiques analitzen els estudis de cost-utilitat de les noves teràpies i els costos de productivitat de l’hepatitis C. A continuació s’avalua l’actualització de les recomanacions clíniques a nivell europeu entre el 2016 i el 2018 i el mètode inclou qüestions metodològiques que s’han identificat com a mancances en treballs anteriors. En concret, el model Markov incorpora els costos de productivitat i els costos reals d’adquisició dels medicaments. Els resultats confirmen que l’actualització europea sobre les recomanacions de tractament contra l’hepatitis C va ser eficaç, ja que va generar guanys en salut i estalvis en costos. L’avaluació econòmica pot ser útil no només per avaluar les innovacions sanitàries, sinó també com a test d’eficiència de les decisions clíniques.
Antioch, Kathryn M. « Improving cost effectiveness, distributional justice and allocative efficiency in hospital funding and service delivery in Australia and internationally ». Monash University, Dept. of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5296.
Texte intégralKienas, Kenneth L. « A comparison of the efficiency and effectiveness of two models for determining the cost of special education programs ». Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49809.
Texte intégralPalframan, Louise Moira. « From cost-effectiveness to economic-efficiency in conservation planning : the importance of considering the economic benefits of conservation ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9793.
Texte intégralProviding an economic case for establishing new protected areas and demonstrating how conservation enhances human well-being is becoming necessary to reinforce moral arguments for biodiversity protection. Accordingly; this study aimed to assess whether the spatial distribution of priority areas changes in accordance with gains in economic-efficiency when ecosystem service benefits are explicitly considered. Using the site-selection software Marxan, priority areas for South Africa were identified under four scenarios, two of which incorporated a spatial cost benefit analysis of the opportunity costs and ecosystem service benefits associated with conservation. Additional scenarios assessed how reserve design and costs changed when communal-land agriculture and resource use were weighted to account for the social costs of conservation. Opportunity costs were spatially variable and greatest in regions where mixed commercial farming was practiced. Economic benefits exceeded costs in the western interior, northern regions and along the eastern coastline. These areas contracted when ecosystem service benefits were more conservatively estimated by applying the principle of additionality. There was minimal to moderate spatial agreement between the scenarios (0.12 < κ < 0.55).When economic benefits were considered, areas that made more economic sense from a conservation management perspective were prioritized. These changes in spatial distribution were associated with gains in economic efficiency. The cost: benefit ratio was ca. 10 times greater than when no economic variables were considered (scenario 1 = 10.44 vs. scenario 4 = 1.15). When heavy weightings (> 100) were applied, the reserve systems became dispersed (R = 0.91 (for weighting factor of 10), R = 0.52 (for weighting factor of 1000)) in the former homelands and more costly overall (difference of R2.95B between the extremes). Considering the economic benefits of conservation changes the spatial distribution of priority areas and improves their economic efficiency. Disregarding economic benefits may compromise the implementation potential of priority areas, particularly when the economic benefits of competing land-uses are brought to the table. Furthermore, it is important to explicitly consider the social costs of conservation and consider resettlement or compensation costs among the trade-offs.
Chambers, James D. « Current use and potential value of cost-effectiveness analysis in U.S. health care : the case of Medicare national coverage determinations ». Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6521.
Texte intégralMakin, Cyril Walter. « The measurement and comparison of the effectiveness, efficiency and cost of the provision of social services by English local authorities ». Thesis, Lancaster University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334577.
Texte intégralSheridan, Craig. « A critical process analysis of wine production to improve cost efficiency, wine quality and environmental performance ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53239.
Texte intégralENGLISH ABSTRACT: Wine cellars are diverse in terms of equipment types and process configurations. Whilst other food production processes have, in many cases, been properly analysed and modelled, this process diversity has resulted in an absence of process analyses in the wine industry. Each wine cellar is unique and represents a fully integrated agro-business, starting with a raw material (grapes) and extending to marketing and selling of the final product (wine). This makes the wine industry unique in this context. This study is the first attempt to analyse winemaking procedures in the form of a process audit. The study was approached in the following manner: • A questionnaire was developed to assess cellar configurations and conditions. This questionnaire was submitted to a statistically significant number of cellars, and a statistically significant number of questionnaires were returned. • The data collected from the questionnaire were statistically analysed and associations between equipment or procedures and wine faults were identified. • Three cellars were studied in depth. These three cellars had their processes audited and their effluent characterised. Additional data were obtained from current sampling projects and these data were analysed to complement the data obtained from the questionnaire • A preliminary input/output model was developed. The major results of this study are: • It was found that certain faults that appear in wine might be associated with equipment and/or process faults. These associations are statistically significant and they show that cellar hygiene is of critical importance when assessing these wine faults. The most important of these faults are VA, microbial contamination of the wine, sluggish and stuck fermentations. A risk hierarchy was derived to indicate which events are associated with others most strongly. • It was found that few wineries measure water consumption and even fewer wineries measure the quantity of effluent produced. • Correlations have been developed to predict winery parameters in terms of tons of grapes pressed per annum. These parameters include water and electricity consumed, wine produced and the quantity of effluent produced. Effluent characteristics have also been correlated to the tons of grapes pressed per annum. These characteristics include chemical oxygen demand, sodium absorption ratio and total dissolved solids in solution. Chemical oxygen demand was identified as the most important contributing factor in winery effluent. It was shown that all variables rise with an increase in cellar size, but the rise is not linear. This implies that large cellars have greater quantities of effluent of lower quality than small cellars. Most cellars have effluent concentrations that require some form of effluent treatment. The characterisation of effluent shows that the most widely used disposal practice is irrigation, and that the effluent disposed in this manner does not meet legislative requirements. • A preliminary input/output model was developed in order to enable wineries that have not measured the relevant parameters to predict the abovementioned variations. The resolution of these predictions is low but the model serves to provide an initial estimate if there are no data available. The model will give industrial averages for any given cellar size. • An economic balance was performed using this preliminary model. It was shown that if cellars were to lower the consumption of utilities and to reduce the strength of their effluent (using cleaner practices and not dilution) the reduction of operating costs could be reduced by 14% for smaller cellars to 17% for larger cellars. This study has shown that it is possible to make wine in a more environmentally friendly manner, producing better quality wines, without incurring extra costs.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Wynkelders is diverse eenhede ten opsigte van die tipe toerusting en prosesse wat gebruik word. Terwyl ander prosesse rondom voedselproduksie in baie gevalle reeds geanaliseer en gemodelleer is, het die diversiteit in die wynindustrie gelei tot 'n afwesigheid van prosesanalises. Elke wynkelder is uniek en verteenwoordig 'n ten voile geintegreerde agro-besigheid wat begin met die rou materiaal (druiwe) en lei tot die bemarking en verkope van die finale produk (wyn), 'n eienskap wat die wynindustrie uniek maak in hierdie verband. Hierdie studie is die eerste poging om die wynmaakproses in die vorm van ‘n proses-oudit te analiseer. Die studie is soos volg aangepak: • ‘n Vraelys is ontwikkel om kelderkonfigurasies en -toestande te ondersoek. Die vraelys is aan ‘n statisties betekenisvolle aantal kelders voorgele, en ‘n statisties betekenisvolle aantal vraelyste is terugontvang. • Die data wat uit die vraelyste ontvang is, is statisties ontleed en verwantskappe tussen toerusting of prosesse en wyngebreke is geidentifiseer. • Drie kelders is in diepte bestudeer. Hierdie drie kelders se prosesse is geoudit en die afvloeiwater is gekarakteriseer. Addisionele data is verkry van huidige projekte en hierdie data is ge-analiseer om die data van die vraelys aan te vul. • ‘n Voorlopige inset / uitset model is ontwikkel. Die belangrikste resultate van hierdie studie is: • Dit is bevind dat sekere gebreke wat in wyn voorkom geassosieer kan word met tekortkominge in toerusting en/of prosesse in die kelder. Hierdie assosiasies is statisties betekenisvol en toon dat kelderhigtene van kritiese belang is wanneer gebreke in wyn ondersoek word. Die mees belangrike gebreke wat voorkom is vlugtige suur, mikrobiese kontaminasie van wyn, slepende en gestaakte fermentasie. ‘n Risikohierargie is afgelei om die gebeure te toon wat die sterktste met mekaar geassosieer word. • Dit is gevind dat min wynkelders waterverbruik meet. Selfs minder kelders meet die hoeveelheid afvloeiwater wat geproduseer word. • Korrelasies is ontwikkel om kelderparameters te voorspel in terme van ton druiwe gepars per jaar. Hierdie parameters sluit in water- en elektrisiteitsverbruik, wyn geprosuseer en hoeveelheid afvloeiwater geproduseer. Eienskappe van afvloeiwater is ook gekorreleer met die ton druiwe wat per jaar gepars word. Hierdie eienskappe sluit in chemiese suurstofbehoeftes, natrium absorpsieverhoudings en totale opgeloste soliede materiaal in oplossing. Chemiese suurstofbehoeftes is geidentifiseer as die mees belangrike bydraende faktor tot afvloeiwater in kelders. Dit is getoon dat alle veranderlikes verhoog hoe groter die kelder, maar hierdie verhoging is nie lineer nie. Dit impliseer dat groter kelder meer afvloeiwater van ‘n laer kwaliteit produseer. Die meeste kelders produseer afvloeiwater van sodanige konsentrasies dat behandeling daarvan nodig is. Die ondersoek van hierdie afvloeiwater toon dat die mees algemene wyse van wegdoening van afvloeiwater besproeiing is, en dat afvloeiwater wat op hierdie manier weggedoen word, nie voldoen aan die wetgewing se vereistes nie. • 'n Voorlopige inset/uitset model is ontwikkel om kelders wat nie die toepaslike parameters gemeet het nie in staat te stel om hierdie parameters te voorspel. Die akuraatheid van hierdie voorspellings is nie hoog nie, maar die model verskaf ‘n aanvanklike skatting waar daar geen data beskikbaar is nie. Die model verskaf industriele gemiddeldes aan kelders van enige grootte. • ‘n Ekonomiese balans is uitgevoer deur van hierdie model gebruik te maak. Dit is getoon dat indien kelders die gebruik van water en elektrisiteit verminder en die konsentrasie van afvloeiwater verlaag (deur van skoner paktyke gebruik te maak, en nie verdunning nie) die bestuurskoste met 14% vir kleiner kelders tot 17% vir groter kelders verlaag kan word. Die studie het getoon dat dit moontlik is om wyn te maak op ‘n meer omgewingsvriendelike wyse, en sodoende beter kwaliteit wyn te produseer sonder addisionele kostes.
Van, der Merwe William Charles. « 'n Evaluering van die kostedoeltreffendheid van maatskaplikewelsynsprogramme vir die versorging van ouer persone in residensiele fasiliteite ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52953.
Texte intégralENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since 1988 it became practice for welfare organisations to submit an evaluation of their welfare programme as part of their application for state funding for the next year. Included in this evaluation is a section on the cost efficiency of the programme. After the first democratic election in 1994 a number of processes were started to develop new welfare policies for the country. In all of these processes cost efficiency is seen as a principle, but in spite of this, so it seems from the documents, is the evaluation of cost efficiency still a problem. The question therefore arises: What is the present status of the evaluation of the cost efficiency of social services after twelve years of program evaluation? Only a few studies on the methodology of the evaluation of cost efficiency within the South African context were found through the literature study. An exploratory study was therefore undertaken to determine what the reasons could be why so little progress was made with cost effiency evaluation. The empirical study focussed on residential facilities for older persons and was done within one welfare organisation in the Western- and Southern Cape. A sample of twenty managers was randomly selected and fifteen respondents returned the questionaire. It is a potential danger that managers of residential facilities for older persons could see the evaluation of the services rendered as just another administrative task, because of the very strong link between evaluation and the application for state funding. The researcher therefore wanted to ascertain what the attitude of the managers is towards the evaluation of their services, and especially the evaluation of the cost-efficiency thereof. It was found that the managers are positive towards program evaluation and the evaluation of cost efficiency, but the majority of them responded that the lack of guidelines and manuals is a deficiency. The lack of proper measuring instruments was also stressed. The research also shown that the managers conceptualize cost efficiency mainly in terms of costs and not as a relation between the outcomes of the programme and the costs thereof. The managers of residential facilities uses the evaluation document that was send out by the department, because it forms part of the application for state funding. This means that the level of program evaluation is actually determined by the department. It was found that this document focused mainly on the measuring of inputs and outputs and not so much of the evaluation of the outcomes of the programme. Based on the results of the study the researcher proposed guidelines to promote the evaluation of the cost efficiency of social services.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Dit is sedert 1988 praktyk dat vrywillige welsynsorganisasies jaarliks 'n evaluering van hulle maatskaplikewelsynsprogram moet indien as deel van die aansoek om staatsubsidie vir die volgende jaar. By hierdie evaluering van die maatskaplikewelsynsprogramme is die evaluering van die kostedoeltreffendheid van die program ingesluit. Na die eerste demokratiese verkiesing in 1994 het verskeie prosesse aan die gang gekom om nuwe maatskaplikewelsynsbeleid vir Suid-Afrika te ontwikkel. In al die dokumente wat deur die prosesse ontwikkel is, word die kostedoeltreffendheid van maatskaplikewelsynsdienste as 'n belangrike beginsel gestel. Tog blyk dit, uit die verslae van sommige van die prosesse, dat die evaluering van kostedoeltreffendheid 'n probleem blyk te wees. Die vraag ontstaan dan tereg: Wat is die huidige stand van die evaluering van die kostedoeltreffendheid van maatskaplikewelsynsprogramme twaalf jaar sedert die implementering van programevaluering? Uit die literatuurstudie het dit geblyk dat daar min studies in Suid-Afrika bestaan wat handel oor die metodiek van kostedoeltreffendheidsevaluering van maatskaplikewelsynsprogramme. Verkennende navorsing is onderneem om vas te stel waarom daar oënskynlik min vordering gemaak is met die evaluering van kostedoeltreffendheid van maatskaplikewelsynsprogramme. Die empiriese studie het gefokus op residensiële fasiliteite vir ouer persone en die navorsing is uitgevoer by een welsynsorganisasie in die Wes- en Suid-Kaap. 'n Steekproef van twintig bestuurders is op ewekansige wyse geselekteer en vyftien respondente het die vraelys teruggestuur. Die gevaar bestaan dat, vanweë die sterk verband tussen die evaluering van die program en die aansoek vir subsidie, die evaluering van die maatskaplikewelsynsprogram bloot net as nog 'n administratiewe taak gesien kan word. Daarom wou die navorser vasstel wat die bestuurders van residensiële versorgingsprogramme vir ouer persone se houding jeens programevaluering en die evaluering van die kostedoeltreffendheid van die program is. In die studie is bevind dat die bestuurders positief jeens programevaluering en die evaluering van die kostedoeltreffendheid van die programme is, maar die oorgrote meerderheid bestuurders het aangedui dat hulle dit as 'n leemte sien dat daar min riglyne of handleidings bestaan. Die gebrek aan meetinstrumente is ook beklemtoon. Uit die studie het dit verder geblyk dat die bestuurders die konsep kostedoeltreffendheid hoofsaaklik in terme van koste verstaan, en nie in terme van 'n verhouding van die uitkomste van die program tot die koste daarvan nie. Die bestuurders van residensiële fasiliteite voltooi jaarliks die evalueringsdokument van die betrokke staatsdepartement, omdat dit deel vorm van die aansoekprosedure vir staatsubsidie. Hierdie dokument bepaal derhalwe die vlak van programevaluering. Dit het uit die studie geblyk dat die dokument wat gebruik word grootliks fokus op die meting van insette en uitsette en nie soseer op die uitkomste van die welsynsprogramme nie. Gebaseer op die bevindinge van die navorsing is riglyne voorgestel wat sal meewerk om die evaluering van die kostedoeltreffendheid van maatskaplike dienste te bevorder.
Smit, Wiehahn. « Assessing the contribution of quality and efficiency initiatives to reduce productions costs at Distell's Green Park ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5042.
Texte intégralENGLISH ABSTRACT: Manufacturers can gain a competitive advantage through lower production cost, better quality, better efficiencies and being more flexible and dependable than its competitors. Lower production cost can be a result of first-time-right quality products and efficient production processes in terms of throughput. Low production cost is not a destination but a journey where the goalpost will always move as competitors will continuously come up with ideas to lower prices and margins have to be cut in order to stay competitive. This is where manufacturers must come up with initiatives to continuously drive its operational metrics to remain competitive. This research report will explain how Distell's biggest bottling plant, Green Park, successfully introduced Process Control to increase its quality operational metric and a Six Sigma project to reduce downtime to increase its efficiency operational metric to drive its operational costs down. Process Control was introduced as a TOM initiative with a subsequent reduction in rework due to poor quality (thousands) from R1 585 to R484. This contributed to 'first-time-right' production, better efficiencies and not tying up valuable production time with reworks. The Six Sigma principles were used on a production line to introduce initiatives to reduce changeovers and unplanned downtime to improve its GEE. This initiative has a projected benefit of R687 (thousands). The report also indicated that a 1% increase in Green Park's overall GEE will result in 1% saving of production hours resulting in a 1% saving of variable cost. This will result in an OEE of 63% that will save 226 hours and R410(thousands).
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vervaardigers kan 'n kompeterende voorsprong verkry deur laer produksiekoste, beter gehalte en groter doeltreffendheid te bewerkstellig en deur meer buigbaar en betroubaar as hul teestanders te wees. Goeie gehalte produkte wat die eerste keer reg is en doeltreffende produksieprosesse vir verwerkingskapasiteit kan laer produksiekoste tot gevolg het. Lae produksiekoste is nie 'n bestemming nie, maar 'n reis waartydens die doelpale sal skuif met teestanders wat deurgaans met idees om pryse te verjaag, vorendag sal kom. Winsgrense sal moet verklein word om kompeterend te bly. Hier moet vervaardigers inisiatief aan die dag lê om hul operasionele meetbares te dryf om kompeterend te bly. Hierdie navorsingsverslag sal verduidelik hoe Distell se grootste botterings aanleg, Green Park, prosesbeheer (Process Control) suksesvol in werking gestel het om sy meetbares wat operasionele gehalte betref, te verhoog, en 'n Six Sigma-projek ingestel het om staantyd te verminder sodat sy meetbares wat operasionele doeltreffendheid betref, kan verhoog en sy operasionele koste sodoende besnoei word. Prosesbeheer is as algehele gehaltebestuursinisiatief ingestel met 'n gevolglike vermindering van herverwerking weens swak gehalte (duisende) van R1 585 na R484. Dit het bygedra tot groter doeltreffendheid met produksie wat uit die staanspoor reg is, en verhoed dat kosbare produksietyd op herverwerking gespandeer word. Die Six Sigma-beginsels is in 'n produksielyn gebruik om inisiatiewe in werking te stel om oorskakelings en onbeplande staantyd ter verbetering van die algehele toerustingsdoeltreffendheid (OEE), te verminder. Hierdie inisiatief hou 'n geprojekteerde voordeel van R687 (duisende) in. Die verslag dui verder aan dat 'n 1%-verhoging in Green Park se algehele OEE sal lei tot 'n 1% besparing in produksie-ure, wat 'n 1% besparing op veranderlike koste tot gevolg het. Dit sal tot 'n OEE van 63% lei, wat 226 uur en R410 (duisende) sal spaar.
Henriksson, Martin. « Cost-effectiveness and Value of Further Research of Treatment Strategies for Cardiovascular Disease ». Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Univ, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9788.
Texte intégralRistow, Alan Hugo. « Numerical modeling of uncertainty and variability in the technology, manufacturing, and economics of crystalline silicon photovoltaics ». Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24643.
Texte intégralCommittee Chair: Rohatgi, Ajeet; Committee Co-Chair: Begovic, Miroslav; Committee Member: Gaylord, Thomas; Committee Member: Harley, Ronald; Committee Member: Jarrett, Christopher; Committee Member: Kippelen, Bernard
Standfield, Lachlan Barry. « Economic Modelling Methods for the Estimation of Resource Use, Cost-Effectiveness and Allocative Efficiency of Health Care Provision in a Capacity Constrained Health Care System ». Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367058.
Texte intégralThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Medical Science
Griffith Health
Full Text
Lemma, Hailemariam. « Improving efficiency, access to and quality of the rural health extension programme in Tigray, Ethiopia : the case of malaria diagnosis and treatment ». Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Epidemiologi och global hälsa, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-54250.
Texte intégralAltare, Gabriele, Germano Franzoni, Jarmo Harsia et Thomas Hickey. « Latest Technology Advancements in Hydraulic Systems for Refuse Vehicle Applications : The Case of an Automated Side Loader ». Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-200609.
Texte intégralHuang, Zhixing. « Cost-Effectiveness of Electricity Energy Efficiency Programs : Demand-Side Management's (DSM) Future Role in Energy Markets and Feasibility of Smart Meters in New York City ». Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1999.
Texte intégralCan smart metering program and time-of-use (TOU) prices help reduce energy consumption in New York City? Being able to track electricity consumption levels and to modify consumer usage patterns are important for policy makers to efficiently manage the energy markets. Unfortunately, no reliable and up-to-date data have been brought to bear on this question. I study the effects of time-of-use (TOU) prices and smart metering for the residents of Shanghai and I investigate further what can policy makers do in order to adapt and transfer this successful DSM experience from Shanghai to the residential sector in New York City. The primary objective of my study is to characterize the realistic short-term and long-term potential for the smart metering program in New York City given my empirical findings that the smart metering program has had brought great benefits to the residents of Shanghai. People respond to incentives; if electricity is charged at different prices throughout a day, consumers are likely to shift their usage to when it is cheaper. My findings suggest that policy makers should think harder about designing a pricing scheme that can optimize the social plus
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: College Honors Program
Discipline: Economics Honors Program
Discipline: Economics
Moghadam, Mansour Kiani. « The impact of automation on the efficiency and cost effectiveness of the quayside and container yard cranes and the selection decision for the yard operating systems ». Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2006. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5841/.
Texte intégralReddy, Hari Mallam. « Case study on costs and efficiency of Urgent Care Center Desert Valley Medical Group, Victorville ». CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1733.
Texte intégralEckerlund, Ingemar. « Essays on the economics of medical practice variations ». Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics [Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.] (EFI), 2001. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/583.htm.
Texte intégralStárek, Michal. « Nákladová efektivita investic do energetické účinnosti v ČR ». Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193134.
Texte intégralDillon, Krystal Renee. « A simulation-optimization method for economic efficient design of net zero energy buildings ». Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51909.
Texte intégralMcConnachie, Matthew Morgan. « On the implementation effectiveness and efficiency of ecological interventions in operational contexts : the case of Working for Water ». Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001956.
Texte intégralHoran, Kevin. « Evaluating the Energy Returns of Investment-Based Incentive Programs : The Case of Oregon's Business Energy Tax Credits ». Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11992.
Texte intégralGovernments around the world provide financial incentives to encourage renewable energy generation and energy conservation. The primary goals of these efforts are to mitigate climate change and improve long-term energy independence by reducing reliance on fossil fuels. The consensus in the energy incentive literature is that performance-based incentives, which fund energy output, are more cost efficient than investment-based incentives, which fund capital input. This thesis uses a 30-year case study of Oregon's Business Energy Tax Credit (BETC) program to argue that investment-based energy incentives are moderately cost efficient relative to other state performance-based incentives and can be an effective driver of clean energy deployment. However, this analysis also finds that there are significant opportunities to improve the cost efficiency of investment-based energy incentive programs by targeting least cost projects. Namely, 50% of the first year kilowatt-hour electricity returns of the BETC program could have been achieved at 10% of the cost. These lessons from historical BETC spending should guide policymakers, NGO.s, and businesses who aim to make targeted use of fiscally-constrained energy incentive programs.
Committee in charge: Laura Leete, Chair; Ron Mitchell, Member; Grant Jacobsen, Member
Alsyouf, Imad. « Cost Effective Maintenance for Competitve Advantages ». Doctoral thesis, Växjö universitet, Institutionen för teknik och design, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-394.
Texte intégralWagner, Till. « Krankheitskosten der Borderline Persönlichkeitsstörung aus gesellschaftlicher Perspektive sowie Effektivität und Effizienz der ambulanten Dialektisch-Behavioralen Therapie unter Versorgungsbedingungen ». Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17509.
Texte intégralThis thesis includes three publications that were conducted as part of a Berlin wide treatment study (“Berliner Borderline Versorgungsstudie“). In study 1, we examined the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for borderline personality disorder (BPD) under the routine health care situation in Berlin. N = 47 patients completed the one-year treatment and provided data. Our findings demonstrate significant improvements on all measures with medium effect sizes. Moreover, at the end of the first treatment year, 77% of the patients no longer met the criteria for a BPD diagnosis. In Study 2, BPD-related cost-of-illness 12 months prior to outpatient DBT was assessed in a sample of N = 55 BPD-patients from a societal perspective. Total cost-of-illness was €26882 (SD = €32275) per patient. €17976 (SD = €23867; 66%) were direct costs and €8906 (SD = €15518; 34%) were calculated as indirect costs. In study 3, societal cost-of-illness of the N = 47 DBT completers was calculated for 12 months prior to DBT and further investigated during DBT-treatment year and during the following year. Total mean annual cost-of-illness was €28026 (SD = €33081) during pre-treatment, €18758 (SD = €19450) during the DBT treatment year and €14750 (SD = €18592) during the follow-up year for the N = 33 patients who participated in the final assessment. Cost savings were mainly due to marked reductions of inpatient treatment costs, while indirect costs barely decreased. In sum, the present thesis shows that outpatient DBT under routine mental health care conditions in Berlin leads to positive results. Furthermore, mean annual cost-of-illness of German BPD-patients exceed those of many other mental disorders meaning that BPD poses a high economic burden. Importantly, treatment of BPD patients with an outpatient DBT program is associated with substantial overall cost savings. Correspondingly, outpatient DBT has the potential to be an efficient treatment.
Cotovio, Sérgio Frederico Lopes. « Práticas de manufatura ágil nas empresas portuguesas ». Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/22822.
Texte intégralCom o aumento da competitividade dos mercados e simultaneamente rápida mudança dos mesmos, houve a necessidade de conseguir responder eficientemente a estas oscilações. De forma a conseguir responder eficientemente a esta volatilidade, desenvolveu-se a manufatura ágil, com o foco em produções flexíveis, altamente customizáveis e capazes de responder aos mais diversos requisitos dos clientes. No entanto, trata-se de uma abordagem complexa que obriga a uma adaptação por parte da empresa a uma escala estrutural, o que leva muitos gestores a questionar a sua viabilidade. Neste contexto, no presente estudo foi desenvolvido um modelo conceptual que relaciona a manufatura ágil com a capacidade de resposta aos clientes, a eficiência dos custos e a performance financeira. O modelo foi testado recorrendo a Structural equation modeling, mais especificamente, à metodologia Partial Least Squares (PLS), utilizando os dados obtidos de um questionário, previamente desenvolvido e realizado por inquérito a 298 empresas de manufatura portuguesa. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que as práticas de manufatura ágil tem um impacto direto na customer effectiveness e na performance financeira e afetam, ainda, indiretamente a cost efficiency, observando-se, assim, uma relação positiva e significativa com os diferentes desempenhos da empresa, podendo desta forma ser considerada uma mais-valia para as empresas de manufatura.
With the increase in the competitiveness of the markets and at the same time their rapid change, there was a need to efficiently respond to these fluctuations. To respond efficiently to this volatility, agile manufacturing was developed, with a focus on flexible, highly customizable productions capable of responding to the most diverse customer requirements. However, it is a complex methodology that requires the company to adapt to a structural scale, which leads to many managers questioning its viability. In this context, in the present study a conceptual model was developed that relates agile manufacturing to customer responsiveness, cost efficiency and financial performance. The model was tested using Structural equation modeling, more specifically, the Partial Least Squares (PLS) methodology, using data obtained from a questionnaire previously developed and carried out through a survey of 298 Portuguese manufacturing companies. The results obtained allow us to conclude that agile manufacturing practices have a direct impact on customer effectiveness and financial performance and indirectly affect cost efficiency, thus observing a positive and significant relationship with the different performances of the company, thus, it can be considered an asset for manufacturing companies.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Ralaidovy, Ambinintsoa Haritiana. « Efficiency in health ressource allocation : three empirical studies in Eastern Sub-Sahara Africa and Southeast Asia ». Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAD016.
Texte intégralPriority setting in health, in the context of Universal Health Coverage, emphasizes three values: improving population health, ensuring equity in access to and quality of services and avoiding impoverishment or underutilization of services as a result of out-of-pocket expenditures. Allocative efficiency can be measured with respect to any one of these values, or with respect to all together by different variants of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. In this thesis, we use the Generalized Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, a standardized approach developed by the World Health Organization’s programme, ‘Choosing Interventions that are Cost-Effective’ (WHO-CHOICE) that can be applied to all interventions in different settings. This thesis provides a quantitative assessment of allocative efficiency within three health categories: communicable diseases, noncommunicable diseases, and road traffic injuries, focusing on two economically and epidemiologically diverse regions: Eastern sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. Our objectives are to inform health policy debates, improve the world’s body of knowledge on the cost-effectiveness of different interventions by providing more information on the allocative efficiency in those three disease groups and contribute to discussions on Universal Health Care packages
Olsson, Lars-Eric. « Patients with acute hip fractures motivation, effectiveness and costs in two different care systems / ». Göteborg : Institute of Health and Care Sciences and The Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/716.
Texte intégralUnzeitig, Filip. « Kritické srovnání vládních postupů za účelem dosažení vyšší energetické efektivnosti bytové a nebytové výstavby ve vybraných zemích EU ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222898.
Texte intégralMonteil, Hélène. « Development and implementation of the Bio-electro-Fenton process : application to the removal of pharmaceuticals from water A review on efficiency and cost effectiveness of electro- and bio-electro-Fenton processes : application to the treatment of pharmaceutical pollutants in water. Efficient removal of diuretic hydrochlorothiazide from water by electro-Fenton process using BDD anode : a kinetic and degradation pathway study Electro-Fenton treatment of the widely used analgesic tramadol using BDD anode : a kinetic, energetic and degradation pathway study Efficiency of a new pilot scale continuous reactor for wastewater treatment by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes : influence of operating conditions and focus on hydrodynamics Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes combined with a biological treatment for wastewater treatment : a deep understanding on the influence of operating conditions and global efficiency ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2045.
Texte intégralElectrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) constitute an efficient technology to treat the pharmaceuticals as they allow the formation of strong oxidants such as hydroxyl radicals able to remove nearly any type of organic contaminants thanks to their very high oxidation power. Among them the electro-Fenton and anodic oxidation processes are environmentally friendly methods as they use no chemical reagent (anodic oxidation) or only oxygen of air and iron ions as a catalyst (electro-Fenton).In this thesis, four pharmaceuticals from different families and structures were selected based on their toxicity and their occurrence in environmental waters and their removal from water was performed by EAOPs. The objectives of this work were to determine the best operating conditions at lab scale (current and catalyst concentration), investigate the kinetic of degradation and mineralization and finally propose a mineralization pathway based on aromatic intermediates, carboxylic acids and ions released to the solution.As these treatments were successfully applied, a lab scale pilot reactor composed alternately of BDD anodes and carbon felt cathodes with a bottom aeration system and working in the continuous mode was built to scale-up these processes in order to pre-industrialize them. Different configurations of electrodes were tested. The flow rate and the current were found to be more influent on the mineralization rate and on the energy consumption, respectively. To deeper understand the role of the flow rate and the configurations a hydrodynamic study was performed. The hydrodynamic results were gathered with a kinetic model for the mineralization to obtain a model predicting the percentage of mineralization at different position inside the reactor during the steady state. Thus, this model can help to optimize the operating conditions and to size future reactors depending on the mineralization objective of the treatment (high mineralization rate, combined treatment, high flow, …).To reduce operating cost, the combination of an electrochemical process and a biological treatment was then investigated. In this frame, it was found that electrochemical treatment can (i) degrade the hydrochlorothiazide (ii) reduce significantly the concentration of its aromatic intermediates as they were shown to significantly inhibit the bacterial activity, (iii) promote the formation of biodegradable molecules such as carboxylic acids. The biodegradation of four carboxylic acids formed during the electro-Fenton treatment of the hydrochlorothiazide at lab scale was also studied. It was demonstrated that they were sequentially degraded with different lag phases and kinetics of degradation. Thus to mineralize them, a “plug flow” type reactor is recommended. The combination of treatment was then applied with an electrochemical treatment performed at low current with a BDD anode and a Platine anode. A mineralization degree of 38% and 50% were obtained by the biological treatment enabling to globally reach a mineralization rate of 66% and 85% with the BDD and the Platine anodes respectively. Thus this combined treatment was successful and open the way for the scale-up of these processes
Cohan, Daniel Shepherd. « Photochemical Formation and Cost-Efficient Abatement of Ozone : High-Order Sensitivity Analysis ». Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-09152004-150617/unrestricted/cohan%5Fdaniel%5Fs%5F200412%5Fphd.pdf.
Texte intégralRussell, Armistead G., Committee Chair ; Chameides, William L., Committee Member ; Wang, Yuhang, Committee Member ; Noonan, Douglas, Committee Member ; Chang, Michael E., Committee Member. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Raimond, Véronique. « Quelle place pour le calcul économique comme outil de régulation en santé ? : l'introduction du critère d'efficience dans la régulation du prix du médicament remboursable en France ». Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E053/document.
Texte intégralIn 2012, cost-effectiveness has been formally introduced in the French legislation as a criterion to determine the price of prescription drugs. Cost-effectiveness is requested to claim for reimbursement of drugs expected to provide a therapeutic benefit and to have a significant impact on Social Insurance budget. Cost-effectiveness estimates the incremental cost and effectiveness produced by an intervention in comparison to other interventions that could have been used. The thesis is an empirical analysis of delegation relationships in the regulation of reimbursed drugs in France. The thesis analyses three different applications of cost-effectiveness evaluation to highlight the issues surrounding the use of economic calculation and the risks that are associated with it through three questions: 1) does the cost-effectiveness evaluation expose the regulator to regulation capture? 2) Is the contribution of the cost-effectiveness evaluation enhanced in a regulatory framed process? 3) Could complementary evaluations enrich cost-effectiveness evaluation and favour its usage via the clarification of the issues surrounding the decision? The thesis documents the benefit provided by the introduction of the cost-effectiveness criteria. The actual risk of regulation capture could be limited through a more transparent process of evaluation and through a clarification of the objectives of the regulation
Mil, Rémy de. « Efficience de programmes de santé publique visant à réduire les inégalités de participation au dépistage organisé des cancers ». Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC415/document.
Texte intégralBackground. Increasing participation in organized cancers screening and reducing social and geographical inequalities in participation represent a major public health issue. Objectives. To determine the costeffectiveness of 2 interventions aiming at increasing participation and reducing inequalities in organized cancer screening in France Methods. We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis from the payer's perspective: 1) of an invitation to a mobile mammography unit (MM) unit for breast cancer screening from retrospective data (n = 37461), 2) of a patient navigation program (PN) for colorectal cancer screening from a randomized controlled trial (n = 16250). Results. The incremental cost per additional screen compared with usual screening was: 1) € 611 [492-821] for the invitation to the MM (+ 3.8% [2.8-4.8], + € 23.21 [22.64-23.78] ), and 2) of € 1 212 [872-1 978] for PN (+ 3.3% [1.5-5.0], + 39.70 €). Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness were greater in deprived areas and in remote areas for MM, whereas they were less favorable in deprived areas for PN. Conclusion. MM and PN can reduce inequalities while being more efficient in remote areas and in deprived areas for MM, while, to achieve this, PN should target deprived people, even if being not the most efficient strategy. Research needs to be pursued to determine the optimal conditions for MM integration in organized breast cancer screening, and to improve the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of PN, which can not be recommended as experimented for now
Antonopoulos, Chrissi Argyro. « Diffusion of Energy Efficient Technology in Commercial Buildings : An Analysis of the Commercial Building Partnerships Program ». PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1532.
Texte intégralKUO, SHANG-LIN, et 郭尚霖. « Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency and Cost Effectiveness in Plant Factory ». Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87687715465285696444.
Texte intégral國立宜蘭大學
生物機電工程學系碩士班
104
The closed-type plant factory (PF) is the highest-level horticulture facility. By providing artificial environment for plants, it can reach the stable quantities as a goal in the whole year. However the cost and energy of PF initial construction are high, they lead to higher costs when it compares to Open field agriculture. Therefore, reducing the cost and enhance the efficiency become the most important goals for the PF. The study has three ways to investigate. First, use different daily light integral in lettuce seedling. Second, adjust light intensity and CO2 concentration according to the lettuce condition. Third, the best proportion of concentration of nutrition and water replacing in hydroponics. We hope these three ways can enhance the resource usage efficiency of light, CO2 and nutrient solution. First part is using different daily light integral in lettuce seedling. We hope that when we supply more photons, it can increase the lettuce weight and can enhance the growth in usage light efficiency. As a result, using different photons can increase lettuce weight and light efficiency in lettuce seedling. However, different treatments have the same growth rate in 4 weeks. It is mean that its effect cannot remain at the later period. Also, the light period has 24 hours in seedling; it can decrease light usage efficiency when planting the later period. Second part is depending on lettuce photosynthetic rate to give different light intensity and CO2 concentration. When the photosynthetic rate is increasing, we will supply more resource to accelerate the production. When the photosynthetic rate is decreasing, we will reduce light and CO2 resource. By this way, we can reduce the cost and enhance the efficiency. In the result, the varied treatment is depending on lettuce photosynthetic rate have the heaviest fresh weight of treatments (light-prior or CO2-prior). The cost per 100g lettuce in varied treatment was lower than the other treatments. It can reduce cost 10% - 24%. In the light use efficiency, the varied treatment has the same value with CO2-prior. It proved the proposed strategy which is based on plant demand. And it could improve the yield and decrease the operating cost effectively. Third part is nutrient solution usage effectively. This part contains two approaches. One is using different electrical conductivity on lettuce and discusses the influence of it. The other is using different replacement quantity of nutrient solution in hydroponics. In the continuous planting, we find the relationship between calculating the ion by putting it and the lettuce fresh weight to find the best nutrient solution usage effectively. As a result, the different electrical conductivity has no significant differences in Yamasaki nutrient solution. It is appropriate for lettuce that electrical conductivity is 1.0 mS cm-1 in Yamasaki nutrient solution. When nutrient solution was planted lettuce at three times, lettuce fresh weight and ion absorption were decreasing. When we continuous plant them, the electricity illumination and nutrient solution cost will increase. Replacing all nutrient solution will be the best usage efficiency. However, considering environment effect, we don’t suggest to replace all nutrient solution. It is an appropriate treatment for only replacing 50% nutrient solution.
Pair, Annie L. « A comparison of efficiency and cost-effectiveness of radiac repair facilities ». Thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/21200.
Texte intégralPullenayegum, Eleanor Maria. « Semi-parametric models for cost-effectiveness analysis : improving the efficiency of estimation from censored data ». 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1184155701&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=12520&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Texte intégralPullenayegum, Eleanor Maria. « Semi-parametric models for cost-effectiveness analysis : Improving the efficiency of estimation from censored data ». 2005. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=478812&T=F.
Texte intégralCarvalho, Ana Rita Sousa. « Meeting air pollution reduction targets cost-effectively across Portugal ». Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/29703.
Texte intégralO tema da redução de emissões tem sido uma grande preocupação na Europa pois, embora as emissões de poluentes tenham diminuído, a poluição do ar continua a constituir um problema. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo preencher a lacuna existente na literatura, encontrando soluções espacialmente distribuídas que atinjam as metas de emissões impostas pela Diretiva Tetos de Emissão Nacional (TEN) para 2030, usando Portugal como estudo de caso. O principal objetivo desta dissertação é encontrar tecnologias que permitam atingir os tetos para Portugal ao mais baixo custo. Para esse fim, foram identificadas as categorias de atividades mais relevantes de cada setor em relação às emissões e as tecnologias mais baratas que permitirão o alcance das metas, recorrendo à base de dados do modelo GAINS sobre nível de atividade, emissões e custos por tecnologia. Foram também identificadas as áreas de Portugal para as quais essas medidas devem ser aplicadas de forma a atingir os objetivos de forma económica através da utilização do modelo EESIP-Air, usando dados de emissões espacialmente distribuídos retirados do EMEP. As áreas de Portugal com emissões de poluentes mais elevadas são a costa oeste, com incidência nas áreas urbanas do Porto e Lisboa e, no que diz respeito ao NH3, também as áreas do Alentejo e Trás-os-Montes (áreas agrícolas). O NOx é o poluente para o qual as simulações do cenário CLE2030 estão mais próximas do teto devido às medidas adotadas no setor de transportes (normas europeias de emissão), de modo que o esforço extra a ser feito não é tão relevante quanto para outros poluentes NH3, SO2, NMVOC e PM2.5. O cenário OPT2030 apresentou as melhores soluções para atingir os TEN (43 kt / ano para NH3, 95 kt / ano para NOx, 27 kt / ano para PM2,5, 30 kt / ano para SO2 e 132 kt / ano para VOC), permitindo a redução da emissão em 14% (NH3), 25% (NOx), 45% (PM2,5), 35% (SO2) e 21% (NMVOC) em comparação com o cenário CLE2015. Os custos obtidos para cada cenário são: 543 m€ / ano (CLE2015), 509 m€ / ano (CLE2030) e 518 m€ / ano (OPT2030). O OPT2030 implica um aumento de 2% em relação ao custo do cenário CLE2030, no entanto, o mínimo necessário para atingir os TEN. Este trabalho fornece informações essenciais para apoiar e definir uma estratégia integrada para atingir os TEN.
Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente
Chen, Chin-Hong, et 陳俊宏. « A Comparison of Cost Efficiency and Service Effectiveness in Highway Bus Operators before and after the Subsidy ». Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78920140689836358748.
Texte intégral國立交通大學
交通運輸研究所
87
Highway bus operators in Taiwan have been receiving subsidy from the government Since October 1996. To evaluate the effects of subsidy, we have to investigate the variation in performance before and after the subsidy. This paper uses DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method to evaluate the performance index of cost efficiency and service effectiveness. CCR models for both cost efficiency and service effectiveness are constructed using 1996 (before subsidy) and 1997 (after subsidy) data. The efficiency and effectiveness analysis, slack analysis, and sensitivity analysis, are conducted to compare the differences before and after the subsidy. In addition, we construct the productivity change model, using the data from 1995 to 1997, to compare the shift in technology, catching-up in efficiency, and change in total efficiency. Finally, we test cost efficiency and service effectiveness of the whole industry to see whether there exists significant difference before and after the subsidy For the whole industry, the result shows that there is no significant difference in cost efficiency and service effectiveness before and after the subsidy. For the operators, the performance of Yuan Lin Bus before subsidy and Yi Shin Bus after subsidy are the best companies in cost efficiency. Dam Shui Bus, Yi Shin Bus, Ding Dong Bus, and Tainan Bus have made good progresses after subsidy. Miao Li Bus and Pain Hu Bus are the best companies in service effectiveness. The result of productivity change model shows that, Taipei Bus, Dam Shui Bus, Yi Shin Bus, Nan Tou Bus,Chia Yi Bus and Ding Dong Bus are the best ones in cost efficiency whose DEA values were 1 in 1997, and they kept progresses from 1995 to 1997. However, all operators did not performed very well in service effectiveness except for Miao Li Bus and Chia Yi Bus who made slight progresses in recent three years.
Lampe, J., E. Rüde, Y. Papadopoulus et Sohag Kabir. « Model-based assessment of energy-efficiency, dependability, and cost-effectiveness of waste heat recovery systems onboard ship ». 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18001.
Texte intégralTechnological systems are not merely designed with a narrow function in mind. Good designs typically aim at reducing operational costs, e.g. through achieving high energy efficiency and improved dependability (i.e. reliability, availability and maintainability). When there is a choice of alternative design options that perform the same function, it makes sense to compare alternatives so that the variant that minimises operational costs can be selected. In this paper, we examine this issue in the context of the design of Waste Heat Recovery Systems (WHRS) for main engines of large commercial freight vessels. We propose a method that can predict the operational cost of a WHRS via thermodynamic analysis which shows costs related to energy utilisation, and dependability analysis which shows costs related to system unavailability and repair. Our approach builds on recent advances in thermodynamic simulation and compositional dependability analysis techniques. It is a model-based approach, and allows reuse of component libraries, and a high degree of automation which simplify application of the method. Our case study shows that alternative designs can be explored in fast iterations of this method, and that this facilitates the evidence-based selection of a design that minimises operational costs.
Su, Maw-sheng, et 蘇茂生. « Study of the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of in-situ vitrification technology applied on remediation of illegal waste dumping sites ». Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27384768276208171174.
Texte intégral國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系
91
This paper discussed the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of ISV (in-situ vitrification) technology applied on remediation of illegal waste dumping sites. Waste/soil samples from several illegal waste dumping sites in southern Taiwan were used for testing and evaluation. The stability and weather durability of vitrified samples were evaluated through reviewing test results of physical-chemical characteristics and TCLP analysis, the structure of vitrified samples was analyzed by means of SEM、EDS and XRD. The results of TCLP showed that the heavy metal concentration in leachate from vitrified samples is far below regulatory limits, this is probably because heavy metal elements were encapsulated or bonded in matrix structure of vitrified samples. The density of vitrified samples ranged from 2.46 to 2.65 g/cm3, hardness of all samples is no less than 7, which means that waste/soil becomes denser, harder and less volume after vitrification. ISV technology was recommended by this paper because it can make waste/polluted-soil more stable, weather durable and, therefore, resourcing material.
Mannix, Amy Elinor. « Analysis of the cost effectiveness of alternative policies and technologies to manage water extractions by the oil sands sector along the lower Athabasca River ». Master's thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/507.
Texte intégralAgricultural and Resource Economics