Articles de revues : « Educational deprivation »

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Popoola, Olufemi Adebola, et Adetola Adeoti. « Child Welfare Deprivation in Rural Nigeria : A Counting Approach ». Child Development Research 2016 (28 septembre 2016) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6805485.

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The study applies the counting approach to explain the deprivation concept among children under 5 years of age using the 2008 DHS data. Five dimensions of deprivation were used: safe drinking water, sanitation, housing, health, and nutrition largely recognized in the SDGs. In all, a total of 13561 children were sampled. About half of the children were males with a mean age of 28.27 months old. The assessment of dimensional deprivation showed that children are most deprived in sanitation, health, and access to safe drinking water while they were least deprived in nutrition. The situation is also marked with regional disparities with northern regions reporting higher deprivation rates than the southern regions but this rate was significantly higher in the sanitation dimension across regions. Considering deprivation counts, 33.9% of children suffer from more than three deprivations and approximately 85.2% from at least two deprivations. Child deprivation should be tackled using a holistic approach through social protection programmes to resolve children’s problems in an integrated manner which would in this case be more efficient and effective in safeguarding children’s rights to survival and development. Identifying the children suffering from single and multiple deprivations can help to target the interventions.

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Huo, Zenghui, Mei Zhang et Junhui Han. « Heterogeneity of Capability Deprivation and Subjective Sense of Gain : Analysis of Factor Mixture Models Based on 892 Rural Households in Six Provinces ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n^o 7 (3 avril 2022) : 4294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074294.

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Background: The capability approach conceptualizes poverty as capability deprivation. Given that functionings and opportunities as key factors are diverse, the combination of a varied lack of functionings and opportunities will lead to different deprivation patterns. Therefore, we sought to investigate the association between the category of capacity deprivation and the subjective acquisition of rural households. Methods: Data were collected from the micro survey of 892 households in six provinces. The overall sense of acquisition was measured by self-assessment of life satisfaction and the relative sense of gain was measured by self-assessment of social status and communication confidence. Capability deprivation was assessed through evaluation functionings and opportunities for a better life, such as education, social security, medical and health services, living conditions and spiritual and cultural activities. The factor mixture models were used to investigate the group categories of capability deprivation and ordered probit regression was used to estimate the associations between the categories of capability deprivation and sense of gain. Results: There were mild, moderate and severe differences among the deprivation items reflecting functionings and opportunities. In addition, capability deprivation was grouped into four classes: double deprivation of functionings and opportunities, severe deprivation of opportunities, functionings deprivation and non-poverty. There was a significant negative relationship between deprivation classes and the subjective sense of gain. Conclusion: The deprivation from some social participation functions and services led to a reduced sense of acquisition. However, serious deprivations from educational opportunities and social participation opportunities were the main reason for the lower sense of gain. Eliminating the unequal educational opportunities and social participation opportunities for people is imperative to improving the subjective sense of gain.

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Nickens, Caitlin, et Barbara E. C. Knollmann-Ritschel. « Educational Case : Nutrient Deprivation and Anemia ». Academic Pathology 6 (1 janvier 2019) : 237428951988873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2374289519888733.

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The following fictional case is intended as a learning tool within the Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME), a set of national standards for teaching pathology. These are divided into three basic competencies: Disease Mechanisms and Processes, Organ System Pathology, and Diagnostic Medicine and Therapeutic Pathology. For additional information, and a full list of learning objectives for all three competencies, see http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2374289517715040 .1

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Kar, Jyotirmayee, et Jyostnamayee Kar. « Educational Deprivation of Girls in Orissa ». Asian Journal of Women's Studies 8, n^o 4 (janvier 2002) : 116–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12259276.2002.11665939.

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Khalid, Usman, Aeliya Zaidi, Adrian Cheang, Szabolcs Horvath, Laszlo Szabo, Mohamed A. Ilham et Michael R. Stephens. « ‘Educational’ Deprivation is Associated with PD Peritonitis ». Peritoneal Dialysis International : Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 38, n^o 4 (juillet 2018) : 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2017.00098.

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BackgroundSocioeconomic deprivation is an important factor in determining poor health and is associated with a higher prevalence of many chronic diseases, including renal failure, and often poorer outcomes for patients with such conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of deprivation on peritonitis episodes following peritoneal dialysis (PD)-catheter insertion.MethodsThe Welsh Index of Multiple Deprivation (WIMD) was used to assess the influence of socioeconomic deprivation on outcomes following 233 consecutive first PD-catheter insertions from a single institution in the United Kingdom, performed between 2010 and 2015. The primary outcome measure was the presence of peritonitis episodes.ResultsPeritoneal dialysis catheters were inserted in 243 patients, of which data were available for 233. Fifty-four patients experienced at least 1 episode of peritonitis. Overall, more patients in the most deprived group (vs least deprived) experienced peritonitis, although this was not statistically significant. When analyzing the severity of the peritonitis, within the ‘Education’ domain of the WIMD, significantly more patients from the most deprived group (compared with the least deprived group) experienced ‘2 or more peritonitis’ episodes ( p = 0.04) and were hospitalized for antibiotics ( p = 0.02).ConclusionThis study has shown that patients who live in more ‘educationally’ deprived areas are more likely to have multiple episodes of peritonitis requiring hospital admission following PD-catheter insertions.

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Nieuwenhuis, Jaap, Tom Kleinepier, Heleen Janssen et Maarten van Ham. « Neighbourhood deprivation and the Big Five personality traits : associations with adolescent problem behaviour and educational attainment ». Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 36, n^o 3 (4 août 2021) : 943–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10901-021-09876-3.

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AbstractWe studied the relation between cumulative exposure to neighbourhood deprivation and adolescents’ Big Five personality traits, and the moderating role of personality in the relation between neighbourhood deprivation and the development of problem behaviour and educational attainment. We studied 5365 British adolescents from ages 10 to 16, with neighbourhood information from birth onwards. Extraversion, agreeableness, emotional stability, and openness to experience moderated the relation between deprivation and problem behaviour. For educational attainment, only extraversion was a moderator. This means that higher values on personality traits were related to weaker relations between neighbourhood deprivation and problem behaviour and educational attainment. The results showed the importance of taking into account adolescents’ personality when assessing developmental outcomes in relation to neighbourhood deprivation.

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Bonnet, Jean-Baptiste, et Ariane Sultan. « Social Deprivation, Healthcare Access and Diabetic Foot Ulcer : A Narrative Review ». Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, n^o 18 (15 septembre 2022) : 5431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11185431.

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The diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common and serious complication of diabetes. There is also a strong relationship between the environment of the person living with a DFU and the prognosis of the wound. Financial insecurity seems to have a major impact, but this effect can be moderated by social protection systems. Socioeconomic and socio-educational deprivations seem to have a more complex relationship with DFU risk and prognosis. The area of residence is a common scale of analysis for DFU as it highlights the effect of access to care. Yet it is important to understand other levels of analysis because some may lead to over-interpretation of the dynamics between social deprivation and DFU. Social deprivation and DFU are both complex and multifactorial notions. Thus, the strength and characteristics of the correlation between the risk and prognosis of DFU and social deprivation greatly depend not only on the way social deprivation is calculated, but also on the way questions about the social deprivation−DFU relationship are framed. This review examines this complex relationship between DFU and social deprivation at the individual level by considering the social context in which the person lives and his or her access to healthcare.

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Köthemann, Dennis. « How Educational Systems Shape the Relationship between Social Origin and Educational Deprivation ». Comparative Sociology 19, n^o 2 (5 juin 2020) : 279–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10013.

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Abstract This paper addresses how features of educational systems influence the association between social background and educational disadvantage up to the end of secondary school. Boudon’s ideas about the primary effects are brought together with preschool participation and the secondary effects are argued to be strongly related to the stratification of the educational system. The analyses are based on around 35,000 respondents from 29 countries provided by PIAAC. Two-step estimations combining logistic regression models within educational systems (first step) with estimated dependent variable models between educational systems (second step) are applied. The results suggest that a higher preschool participation rate is associated with a lower dependency of educational deprivation (low achievement) on social background in the early years after finishing secondary school.

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Paz, Jorge. « Universal Child Allowance and Educational Deprivation in Argentina ». Población & ; Sociedad 27, n^o 1 (1 juin 2020) : 59–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.19137/pys-2020-270103.

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Rafique, Nayar, et Idrees Khawaja. « COST OF EDUCATIONAL DEPRIVATION : A CASE OF PAKISTAN ». International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues 10, n^o 5 (1 septembre 2020) : 187–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.10335.

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Cooper, Mark, Lester Lloyd‐Reason et Stuart Wall. « Social deprivation and educational underachievement : lessons from London ». Education + Training 45, n^o 2 (mars 2003) : 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00400910310464053.

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Baiju, K. C. « Nexus of multidimensional poverty and educational deprivation among the social groups : Evidence from a developing country ». Journal of Governance and Regulation 12, n^o 1 (2023) : 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i1art14.

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The interface between the incidence of multidimensional poverty and its fallout on educational deprivation is often debated in the realm of human development perspective. The paper aims to explore the nexus of multidimensional poverty and educational deprivation among the households belonging to different social groups, namely Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), Other Backward Castes (OBC), and Forward Castes (FC) in rural areas of a developing country, India (Gaur & Rao, 2020). A decomposition analysis within the human development framework using primary data from selected regions of India, namely Kerala, West Bengal, and Bihar, is attempted to explore whether there is any deprivation gap in education in the selected regions. The multidimensional poverty and educa-tional deprivation of select states are analysed using the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) developed by Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiatives (OPHI) (Alkire & Foster, 2011; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD], 2022; PIB Delhi, 2020; Ballon & Krishnakumar, 2010). The study identified the determinants of educational deprivation and its nexus with the multidimensional poverty of the households belonging to the social groups of rural India. The paper highlights the influence of disproportional attainment of education, which worsens deprivation leading to unequal outcomes of human development among the different social groups of rural India. The discussion further unfolds the incidence of disproportional multidimensional poverty among social groups in rural India that enables the explanation of the policy implications and interventions in educational entitlements.

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Rusinova, Nina, et Viacheslav Safronov. « Psychological Resources, Material Deprivation, and Health in Europe : Direct Effects and Mediation of Educational Inequalities ». Telescope : Journal of Sociological and Marketing Research, n^o 5 (6 novembre 2019) : 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33491/telescope2019.5-603.

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The article deals with the problem of mediation of social structural inequalities in health. According to theoretical explanations that require further empirical justification, inequalities in education — deterioration of health with its decline — may be associated with material deprivation. With a low educational status, a person does not have enough material resources necessary for high-quality nutrition, recreation and treatment. These inequalities may also arise due to the fact that poorly educated people lack the psychological reserves necessary for overcoming life's difficulties. Analysis of European Social Survey data (ESS 2012) for 27 countries, as well as the contextual factor of social protection expenditure was carried out using statistical methods of two-level modeling and regression models for mediation effects (HLM, MLmed macro, Process macro). Health inequalities in education are clearly manifest in any country. It was established that, along with education, material deprivations and especially personal resources play a significant role in differentiating the well-being of people, exerting an independent impact on it. According to the modeling results, in many countries, including the most developed, material deprivations that people with low levels of education suffer from, act as a mediator, partly clarifying the reasons for differences in health among people with different education. One of the lines of psychological mediation is also connected with material conditions — through two intermediaries, the first of which is deprivation, and the second is psychological qualities. At the same time, even when controlling all of these mediating effects, personal characteristics are an important mediator of SES inequalities, but not all over Europe, but only in countries with a relatively weak social state. In conclusion, a brief description of health inequalities and mediating effects in Russia is given.

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Croll, Paul. « Social deprivation, school-level achievement and special educational needs ». Educational Research 44, n^o 1 (janvier 2002) : 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00131880110107342.

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Agnew, Robert, et Diane H. Jones. « Adapting to Deprivation : An Examination of Inflated Educational Expectations ». Sociological Quarterly 29, n^o 2 (juin 1988) : 315–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.1988.tb01256.x.

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Kiz, Olha. « Psychological and pedagogical and social dimensions of gender deprivation in education ». HUMANITARIUM 43, n^o 1 (24 septembre 2019) : 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2308-5126-2019-43-1-51-66.

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The factors of the educational environment that have a depriving effect on participants in the educational process of both sexes in the form of unequal treatment, harassment, restrictions, exclusions or preferences, hidden or overt discrimination, any manifestations of gender-based violence have been analyzed in the article. At the macrosocial level the subject of analysis of gender deprivation in education is gender perceptions as a reflection of the state gender policy in general and the educational level in particular has been revealed. At the level of intergroup interaction there are gender stereotypes, at the level of interpersonal relations there are gender guidelines, at the intraindividual level there is a gender identity. Gender relations of participants in the educational process are considered as real practices and models of intersex interaction, determined by gender perceptions, prejudices, stereotypes, social rules, which are reflected in the minds of subjects. Gender bias is analyzed as social rules with negative and distorted content, as a prejudised opinion towards the representatives of one or another sex, which reflects the common norms of gender-specific behavior. Three components in the structure of gender bias: cognitive which is unreasonably biased, irrational thoughts about men/women in general or about their ability to be successful in some areas or unsuccessful in others; affective which means rejection, humiliation, underestimation, negative feelings towards members of one or another sex; behavioral which is connected with destructive, negative behavior towards them have been distinguished. The need to study the gender deprivation in education from the standpoint of different psychological approaches in the context of a comprehensive analysis of deprivation conditions, deprivation factors, the consequences of being brought up or living temporarily in such conditions and ways of their resocialization and integration into society in the process of socio-psychological support has been emphasized. The importance of systematic monitoring and finding diagnostic indicators of gender deprivation in the education system in order to prevent the deprivation of subjects of the educational process and create a gender-sensitive educational environment has been established.

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McKinney, Stephen, Stuart Hall, Kevin Lowden, Michele McClung et Lauren Cameron. « The relationship between poverty and deprivation, educational attainment and positive school leaver destinations in Glasgow secondary schools ». Scottish Educational Review 44, n^o 1 (13 mars 2012) : 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/27730840-04401004.

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The impact of poverty and deprivation on children and their education is a major source of concern for the United Kingdom and Scottish governments. This article reports on a research project that focussed on Glasgow city secondary schools for the period 2006-2009. The project aimed to establish an association between poverty and deprivation and attainment in public examinations and also in initial leaver destinations. The project constructed a tri-partite means of measuring poverty that used Free School Meal Entitlement, the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation and Staged Intervention. This measure was then compared with attainment figures and initial leaver destinations. Unsurprisingly, the research demonstrates that there is a major association between poverty and deprivation and attainment for the period. However, the research also demonstrates that there is no major association between poverty and deprivation and initial leaver destinations and that some schools serving poorer areas are particularly successful in securing a high proportion of initial leaver destinations.

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Gunnar, Megan R. « A COMMENTARY ON DEPRIVATION-SPECIFIC PSYCHOLOGICAL PATTERNS : EFFECTS OF INSTITUTIONAL DEPRIVATION ». Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development 75, n^o 1 (avril 2010) : 232–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5834.2010.00559.x.

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Jovašević, Dragan, et Marina Simović. « Subsidiary Imprisonment in Criminal and Misdemeanor Law of Serbia // Supletorni zatvor u krivičnom i prekršajnom pravu Srbije ». Годишњак факултета правних наука - АПЕИРОН 7, n^o 7 (27 juillet 2017) : 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/gfp1707193j.

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In a criminal (criminal and misdemeanor) law the right to deprivation of liberty of movement of another person - a perpetrator of a criminal offense - based on a decision of the court for a specified period of time is a type of criminal sanction of institutional character (whether it is punishment, security measure or educational measure). However, criminal law knows the so-called special forms of law-based deprivations of liberty, which do not represent the type and measure of criminal sanctions. These are, in fact, forms of deprivation of liberty that represent the substitute for the other previously imposed, entirely or partly, unpaid penalties - fine, driving license revocation or work in the public interest. This Paper deals with the concept, type and characteristics of the subsidiary imprisonment in positive criminal law of the Republic of Serbia.

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Wibowo, Erik, Lauren M. Walker, Shawn Wilyman, Andrew Matthew, Deborah L. McLeod, Richard J. Wassersug et John W. Robinson. « Androgen deprivation therapy educational program : A Canadian true nth initiative. » Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, n^o 3_suppl (20 janvier 2016) : 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.3_suppl.243.

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243 Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is commonly prescribed for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) patients, but ADT has many side effects that can impair patients’ quality of life. In various Canadian cities, we are running an educational program to help PCa patients and their partners deal with the side effects of ADT, and maintain a strong relationship with each other while on ADT. Methods: Patients, who are about to start or have been on ADT, and their partners are invited to attend an educational program. Each patient is given a copy of the book Androgen Deprivation Therapy: An essential guide for men with prostate cancer and their partners (Wassersug et al., 2014) and attends a 1.5 hour educational class, where they learn strategies for managing ADT side effects and how to effectively make healthier lifestyle changes using goal-setting exercises. At the end of the class, participants are given the option to attend a monthly follow-up session. To evaluate the effectiveness of the program, participants are asked to complete questionnaire package before attending the class and again 2-3 months later. Results: As of August 2015, 179 patients and 113 partners have attended the ADT Educational Program at Victoria, Vancouver, and Calgary. About 40% of patients returned for the follow-up session. 62 attendees participated in the research evaluation portion of the program. Uniquely designed for this study, the questionnaire package assesses ADT side effect frequency, bother associated with side effects, use of management strategies, and self-efficacy regarding side effect management. An assessment of physical activity and relationship adjustment, and feedback about the class are also included. Conclusions: Patients and partners appreciate being informed about ADT side effects managements and how to make healthier lifestyle changes while on ADT. It remains to be seen how effective the program is in limiting the bother from ADT side effects and helping couples maintain a strong dyadic relationship in the fact of the challenges brought on by ADT. Good enrollment in the in-person program in the 3 cities has propelled the development of the program in Halifax and Toronto starting in fall 2015, and an online version to be available in early 2016.

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Boillot, Adrien, Xavier Jouven, Hélène Rangé, Marie Cécile Perier, Frédérique Thomas, Catherine Guibout, Bruno Pannier, Pierre Boutouyrie, Jean-Philippe Empana et Philippe Bouchard. « Association between individual and neighbourhood socioeconomic factors and masticatory efficiency : a cross-sectional analysis of the Paris Prospective Study 3 ». Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 72, n^o 2 (6 décembre 2017) : 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-209593.

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BackgroundThere is a lack of evidence on the impact of socioeconomic factors on masticatory efficiency. The present study investigates the relationship between individual and neighbourhood socioeconomic factors (main exposure) and the number of masticatory units (MUs) used as surrogate of the masticatory efficiency (main outcome).MethodsIn this cross-sectional study nested in the Paris Prospective Study 3, 4270 adults aged 50–75 and recruited from 13 June 2008 to 31 May 2012 underwent a full-mouth examination. Number of MUs defined as pairs of opposing teeth or dental prostheses allowing mastication, number of missing teeth and gingival inflammation were documented. The individual component of the socioeconomic status was evaluated with an individual multidimensional deprivation score and education level. The neighbourhood component of the socioeconomic status was evaluated with the FDep99 deprivation index. Associations were quantified using marginal models.ResultsIn multivariate analyses, having less than 5 MUs was associated with (1) the most deprived neighbourhoods (OR=2.27 (95% CI 1.63 to 3.17)), (2) less than 12 years of educational attainment (OR=2.20 (95% CI 1.66 to 2.92)) and (3) the highest individual score of deprivation (OR=3.23 (95% CI 2.24 to 4.65)). Associations with education and individual score of deprivation were consistent across the level of neighbourhood deprivation. Comparable associations were observed with the number of missing teeth. Associations with gingival inflammation were of lower magnitude; the relationship was present for deprivation markers but not for education.ConclusionPoor masticatory efficiency is associated with low educational attainment and high deprivation scores.

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Puzyrov, M. S. « Execution of punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty concerning convicted juveniles in foreign countries ». Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, n^o 4 (28 avril 2022) : 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2021.04.46.

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The article is dedicated to clarifying the procedure of execution of punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty concerning convicted juveniles in foreign countries. It is noted that due to the optimization of penal institutions (during 2018–2021, 39 penal institutions were «preserved» in Ukraine), due to the rapid reduction in the number of convicts (including juveniles), the number of special educational institutions (educational colonies) has decreased significantly. Thus, as of the end of 2021, there were 63 persons in 1 educational colony and 1 sector for female juvenile convicts (which operates within the penal institution for men sentenced to deprivation of liberty). This, on the one hand, requires the administration of penal institutions to comply with the requirements of separate detention of convicts, enshrined in Art. 92 of the Criminal and Executive Code of Ukraine, and on the other – from the leadership of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine – to consider the feasibility of using some aspects of foreign experience in organizing the process of execution of punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty concerning convicted juveniles. The comparative analysis for execution of punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty concerning convicted juveniles in foreign countries showed the following trends: 1) deprivation of liberty is the most severe punishment and is applied to juveniles in exceptional cases; 2) in some foreign countries the regulation of the execution and serving of deprivation of liberty concerning juveniles is carried out by independent regulations, and not by a separate section or part of the law governing the execution of sentences as a whole; 3) juveniles, compared to adults, have additional rights and freedoms, as well as kept isolated from other categories of convicts; 4) in case of further optimization of penal institutions of Ukraine and reduction of the number of juveniles sentenced to deprivation of liberty, there will be a need to create multifunctional (universal) penitentiary institutions in compliance with the requirements of separate detention of different categories of convicts.

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Snyatkova, Tetyana. « THE CONTENT AND ORGANIZATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS WITH YOUNG CHILDREN IN CONDITIONS OF MATERNAL DEPRIVATION ». Educational Discourse : collection of scientific papers, n^o 33(5) (31 mai 2021) : 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33930/ed.2019.5007.33(5)-4.

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In the psychological and pedagogical literature, the term “maternal deprivation” is used to refer to the mental state of the person that arose due to the insufficiency or complete absence of sensual, emotional ties between the child and the mother. The duration, strength, and age at which maternal deprivation began are the leading determinants of the level and breadth of impairment in a child's mental development. Even prolonged separation from the mother (for example, as a result of hospitalization of the child) leads to the traumatization of the child's psyche at an early age. Within the framework of the reform of the system of institutional care and upbringing of children in Ukraine, the question arises of the need to develop educational programs taking into account the specifics of the child's personal development in conditions of maternal deprivation.

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Thomson, Lesley. « Reading Failure and Social Deprivation ». Educational Psychology in Practice 12, n^o 3 (octobre 1996) : 166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0266736960120306.

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Zandieh, Razieh, Javier Martinez, Johannes Flacke et Martin van Maarseveen. « The Associations Between Area Deprivation and Objectively Measured Older Adults’ Outdoor Walking Levels ». SAGE Open 7, n^o 4 (octobre 2017) : 215824401774017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244017740172.

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Outdoor walking has positive impacts on older adults’ health. It is crucial to identify less active older adults and to encourage them to take outdoor walks. Previous studies have shown that physical activity levels vary according to socioeconomic deprivation. However, knowledge on objectively measured older adults’ outdoor walking levels is limited. This study investigated associations between area (socioeconomic) deprivation and older adults’ objectively (geographic positioning system [GPS]) measured outdoor walking levels (i.e., walking durations and frequencies) in Birmingham, United Kingdom. It used a multilevel approach. The final sample included 173 participants (65 years and above). A questionnaire was used to collect data on personal characteristics (e.g., educational attainment as a proxy of individual deprivation, age, and marital status). The results show that independent of personal characteristics, area deprivation associates with outdoor walking durations. Participants from high-deprivation areas spend less time for outdoor walking than those from low-deprivation areas. Associations between area deprivation and outdoor walking frequencies were nonsignificant. Future research needs to investigate how attributes (e.g., environmental attributes) of low- and high-deprivation areas drive disparities in outdoor walking durations among older residents of low- and high-deprivation areas.

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Douglas, Walter, et Keith Topping. « <p>relationship of deprivation and gender to perception of barriers, optimism and attachment during the postsecondary transition</p> ; ». Electronic Journal of Research in Education Psychology 20, n^o 58 (1 décembre 2022) : 561–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/ejrep.v20i58.5261.

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Introduction. High school students’ self-reports about their perception of barriers, optimism and attachments in relation to the postsecondary transition were examined.Method. Factor analysis of an inventory administered to 1044 high school students (573 males and 471 females) who attended six urban schools identified three factors.Results. ANOVA indicated that students living in areas of higher deprivation reported perception of more career barriers and fewer career scaffolding attachments. Males were more optimistic about their career prospects but reported fewer career scaffolding attachments. There was an interaction between deprivation and gender with regard to career optimism.Discussion and Conclusion. These results contribute to an explanation of why failure to obtain a positive postsecondary destination is more prevalent in young people living in areas of greater social deprivation, and in males rather than females. The implications for practice, policy and future research are discussed.

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Audet, Karyn, et Lucy Le Mare. « Mitigating effects of the adoptive caregiving environment on inattention/overactivity in children adopted from Romanian orphanages ». International Journal of Behavioral Development 35, n^o 2 (24 septembre 2010) : 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025410373313.

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We examined inattention/overactivity (I/O) over time and in relation to caregiving in three matched groups: (1) Romanian Orphans (RO) with a minimum of eight months’ deprivation prior to adoption, (2) Early Adopted (EA) children adopted from Romania prior to age four months, and (3) Canadian Born (CB) non-adopted children. Comparisons among groups at 4.5, 10.5, and 17 years of age revealed significantly greater I/O in the Romanian Orphan than Canadian Born group at all ages, and greater than the Early Adopted group at ages 4.5 and 10.5. Canadian Born and Early Adopted groups did not differ. Rates of borderline clinical I/O among Romanian Orphans were significantly higher than rates found in the general population; Canadian Born and Early Adopted groups did not differ from the general population. Among Romanian Orphans, I/O was positively related to duration of deprivation; this association did not attenuate over time. Regressions indicated that I/O at age 10.5 was negatively related to warmth and stimulation in the adoptive home and attachment, after accounting for duration of deprivation and age 4.5 I/O. Authoritarian parenting was positively predictive of I/O in children with minimal deprivation and negatively predictive in children with extensive deprivation. Attachment was negatively predictive of I/O in children with less than 19 months’ deprivation but unrelated to I/O in those with more than 19 months’ deprivation.

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Musa, Ya'u Haruna. « DEPRIVATION : AN IMPEDIMENT TO THE PROGRESS OF SCHOOL CHILDREN IN NIGERIA ». Sokoto Educational Review 13, n^o 2 (15 décembre 2012) : 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35386/ser.v13i2.183.

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Many Nigerians hare attributed the falling standard of education in tins country to inadequate Government support of the educational sector as well as the insufficient number of trained and qualified teachers. This author is, however, of the opinion that the falling standard of education in Nigeria is, primarily, as a result of deprivation. Deprivation, by the consensus among scholars, is the lack of what is essential for adequate development or a failure to satisfy basic needs. There are a number of children whose educational progress has been impeded by environmental handicaps, such a s poverty, poor housing conditions, inadequate parental care, linguistic and emotional deprivation, lack of parental interest in their education, material deprivation and absence of a father-figure, and a background offering little stimulation, among others. Furthermore, there is no doubt that those children would have recorded improved school progress if there had been an improvement in the condition in which they live. It is strongly recommended that governments (Federal, State and Local) should do everything possible to alleviate the suffering of the Nigerian populace and raise their levels of awareness about the importance of education so that children could get their desired education.

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Doebler, Stefanie, et Nina Glasgow. « Relationships Between Deprivation and the Self-Reported Health of Older People in Northern Ireland ». Journal of Aging and Health 29, n^o 4 (31 mars 2016) : 594–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264316641079.

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Objective: There are few studies on relationships between deprivation and the self-reported health of people aged above 64 years, and no studies fully representative of Northern Ireland’s older population. This article addresses this gap. Method: Deprivation of older people as reported in the 2001 and 2011 Censuses and the relationship with self-reported health are analyzed over a 10-year span using multilevel modeling. The data are from the Northern Ireland Longitudinal Study (NILS) linked to 2001-2011 Census returns. Deprivation measures include housing tenure; property value; access to a car; and educational, employment, and area-level income deprivation. Results: Older people suffering deprivation face a significant health disadvantage over a 10-year time span. Discussion: This health disadvantage is stronger in men than in women, likely due to conservative gender roles that are prevalent among Northern Ireland’s older population, leading to psychological distress especially among deprived men. The analysis found strongly significant area-level effects, aggravating the health impact of deprivation.

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Wibowo, Erik, Richard J. Wassersug, John W. Robinson, Andrew Matthew, Deborah L. McLeod, Shawn Wilyman et Lauren M. Walker. « A preliminary evaluation of the TrueNTH androgen deprivation therapy educational program. » Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, n^o 5_suppl (10 février 2017) : 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.5_suppl.219.

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219 Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the most common systemic treatment for prostate cancer (PCa), but has many adverse effects that reduce patients’ quality of life and that of their partners. In 5 Canadian cities, we offer an educational program designed to help PCa patients and their partners manage ADT side effects as well as maintain a strong dyadic relationship despite changes that accompany ADT. Methods: Patients on or about to start ADT and their partners participate in a 1.5 hour educational session. Patients receive a copy of the 2014 book, Androgen Deprivation Therapy: An essential guide for men with prostate cancer and their partners (DEMOS Health, NY) which discusses how to manage ADT side effects and how to make effective lifestyle changes to maintain a good quality of life. To date, 358 patients and 220 partners have attended the ADT class. A subset (32%) of participants elected to complete questionnaires at baseline and again 2 to 3 months later to assess the program efficacy. Results: At the time of the ADT class, patients who have been on ADT for ≥ 2 months had more frequent side effects (e.g., hot flashes and breast tenderness), and were more bothered by hot flashes. They also reported worse self-efficacy for managing weight gain and diabetes than those who have been on ADT for < 2 months. However, at 2 to 3 months after the class, patients’ self-efficacy for managing ADT side effects improved, despite experiencing more side effects and more bother associated with those side effects. Notably, patients who were on ADT for a shorter duration (< 2 months), who have attended the class, had less bother associated with hot flashes and better self-efficacy for managing weight gain than those who had been on ADT longer before attending the class. Conclusions: The TrueNTH ADT Educational Program potentially dampens side effect bother and improves self-efficacy for two of the most troublesome adverse effects of ADT, hot flashes and weight gain respectively. The program is most beneficial when offered to patients just starting on ADT. Future analyses will focus on exercise behaviour and dyadic relationship to assess the program’s effectiveness in encouraging a healthy lifestyle and maintain strong dyadic bonds in the face of ADT.

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Martin, Melanie, et Nyna Amin. « Teacher care work in situations of severe deprivation ». Pastoral Care in Education 38, n^o 2 (9 février 2020) : 156–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02643944.2020.1725906.

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Yamaoka, Yui, Aya Isumi, Satomi Doi, Manami Ochi et Takeo Fujiwara. « Differential Effects of Multiple Dimensions of Poverty on Child Behavioral Problems : Results from the A-CHILD Study ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n^o 22 (11 novembre 2021) : 11821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211821.

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The differential effects of low income and material deprivation—in particular, deprivation related to child educational needs—have not been well examined. This study aimed to examine the effects of low income and life-related and child-related deprivation on child behavioral problems. This study used data from first-grade students who participated in the Adachi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (A-CHILD) study in 2015, 2017, and 2019 (N = 12,367) in Japan. Material deprivation was divided into life-related deprivation (i.e., lack of items for a living) and child-related deprivation (i.e., lack of children’s books, etc.), and low income was assessed via annual household income. We assessed child behavioral problems and prosocial behavior using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. One in ten children belonged to low-income families, 15.4% of children experienced life-related deprivation, and 5.4% of children experienced child-related deprivation. While life- and child-related deprivation had significant adverse effects on behavioral problems, they had no association with prosocial behavior. The effects of low income were mediated by parental psychological distress (45.0% of the total effect) and the number of consulting sources (20.8%) on behavioral problems. The effects of life-related and child-related deprivation were mediated by parental psychological distress (29.2–35.0%) and the number of consulting sources (6.4–6.9%) on behavioral problems. Life-related and child-related deprivation, but not low income, are important for child mental health.

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Dennison, Christopher R., et Raymond R. Swisher. « Postsecondary Education, Neighborhood Disadvantage, and Crime : An Examination of Life Course Relative Deprivation ». Crime & ; Delinquency 65, n^o 2 (13 janvier 2018) : 215–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128717753115.

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The growing importance of a college degree for economic stability, coupled with increasing educational inequality in the United States, suggest potential criminogenic implications for downward educational mobility. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), this article examines the associations between intergenerational educational mobility, neighborhood disadvantage in adulthood, and crime. Drawing on the few extant studies of educational mobility and crime, as well as social comparison theory, it tests whether the consequences of downward educational mobility are moderated by neighborhood contexts. Results suggest that downward mobility is associated with increases in crime, and most strongly in more advantaged neighborhoods. The implications of these findings for future research on social mobility, education, and crime are discussed.

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Reef, Joni, et Anja Dirkzwager. « Experienced Severity of Imprisonment Among Fathers and Non-Fathers ». Journal of Child and Family Studies 29, n^o 6 (30 novembre 2019) : 1659–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-019-01670-8.

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Abstract Objectives Even though 90% of the prison population is male, fatherhood among prisoners is an overlooked topic. Previous studies suggest that experienced severity of detention is different between fathers and non-fathers in prison because there is a unique deprivation strain related to fatherhood. There are criminological arguments and arguments in the legal context why we need more knowledge on the experience of detention by incarcerated fathers. Methods We studied longitudinal data of 785 males in pre-trial detention in the Netherlands from the nationwide Prison Project study population: 329 fathers were compared with 456 non-fathers for experienced severity, adjustment patterns (i.e. mental distress and misconduct), and deprivations strains. Results We found differences between fathers and non-fathers, both in adjustment and deprivation strains. Fathers reported less adjustment problems and different deprivation strains than non-fathers. Missing children during pre-trial detention was associated with depressive behavior (β = 0.158, p < 0.005) and anxiety among fathers (β = 0.128, p < 0.05). Conclusions Our results underline the importance of designing interventions for fathers in prison and educating sentencers about this topic. Proportional sentencing of fathers in the criminal justice system could only be validated as long as sufficient attention will be paid to their unique deprivation strain, which is, missing their children. During pre-trial detention, care for the child-father relation may not only lead to father’s emotional wellbeing during pre-trial detention, but may also lead to strengthened family bonds and children’s wellbeing on the long term.

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Zeigler-Johnson, Charnita M., Ann Tierney, Timothy R. Rebbeck et Andrew Rundle. « Prostate Cancer Severity Associations with Neighborhood Deprivation ». Prostate Cancer 2011 (2011) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/846263.

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Background. The goal of this paper was to examine neighborhood deprivation and prostate cancer severity.Methods. We studied African American and Caucasian prostate cancer cases from the Pennsylvania State Cancer Registry. Census tract-level variables and deprivation scores were examined in relation to diagnosis stage, grade, and tumor aggressiveness.Results. We observed associations of low SES with high Gleason score among African Americans residing in neighborhoods with low educational attainment (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.13–1.60), high poverty (OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.15–1.67), low car ownership (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.20–1.78), and higher percentage of residents on public assistance (OR = 1.32, 95% = 1.08–1.62). The highest quartile of neighborhood deprivation was also associated with high Gleason score. For both Caucasians and African Americans, the highest quartile of neighborhood deprivation was associated with high Gleason score at diagnosis (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.19–1.52; OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.21–2.40, resp.).Conclusion. Using a neighborhood deprivation index, we observed associations between high-grade prostate cancer and neighborhood deprivation in Caucasians and African-Americans.

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Grødem, Anne Skevik. « Household Poverty and Deprivation Among Children ». Childhood 15, n^o 1 (février 2008) : 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0907568207086839.

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Greiffenstein, Manfred F. « Caffeine Deprivation ». Clinical Neuropsychologist 25, n^o 7 (octobre 2011) : 1281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2011.599155.

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Matsuyama, Yusuke, S. V. Subramanian et Takeo Fujiwara. « Relative deprivation and educational aspirations of 15-year-old adolescents in Japan ». Social Psychology of Education 24, n^o 2 (17 mars 2021) : 573–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11218-021-09619-w.

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Welsh, Paul J., et Josette Brassart. « Poverty, deprivation and the politics of educational inclusion in Thanet and Lille ». International Journal of Inclusive Education 6, n^o 2 (avril 2002) : 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13603110110091616.

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Datta, Soumyendra Kishore, et Krishna Singh. « Analysis of child deprivation in India : Focus on health and educational perspectives ». Economic Analysis and Policy 50 (juin 2016) : 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2016.03.003.

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Brown, June S. L., Sandra A. Elliott et Clare Butler. « Can Large-Scale Self-Referral Psycho-Educational Stress Workshops Help Improve the Psychological Health of the Population ? » Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 34, n^o 2 (27 mars 2006) : 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465805002663.

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Improving the long-term psychological health of the population is an ambitious but consistent goal in the National Service Framework for Mental Health (MHNSF). Large-scale self-referral psycho-educational Stress workshops, run in one geographical area for members of the general public, had been shown to be effective and to reach those who had not consulted their GPs about their stress problems. A key aim of this study was to explore whether this workshop format, which may help achieve the MHNSF goal, can be generalizable to other areas of differing deprivation. We compared outcome and levels of take-up of Stress workshops run in three geographical areas, differing in degrees of deprivation, as well as characteristics of self-referrers, including baseline scores, sociodemographic details and treatment-seeking patterns. In all three areas, experimental group participants showed less anxiety, stress and distress at 3-month follow-up compared to waiting list control group participants, with no geographical differences in effectiveness. No differences in initial stress and anxiety scores were found. GP consultation rates varied between 50–72%, with the highest consultation rates in the most deprived area. Surprisingly, enquiries about workshops correlated negatively with area deprivation indices. Some sociodemographic differences were found. A certain amount of self-selection for these workshops seems to have occurred; this may be a function of help-seeking for psychological help in deprived areas being different to that in less deprived areas. Nevertheless, large-scale Stress workshops have been found to be equally effective for those who self-referred in areas differing in deprivation, reaching people with stress problems who may not have consulted their GPs. While they did not reach all groups of people, they may have the potential to help improve the psychological health of the population.

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Vercelli, Marina, Roberto Lillini, Fabrizio Stracci, Valerio Brunori, Alessio Gili, Fortunato Bianconi, Francesco La Rosa, Alberto Izzotti, Elodie Guillaume et Guy Launoy. « Cancer Mortality and Deprivation : Comparison Among the Performances of the European Deprivation Index, the Italian Deprivation Index and Local Socio-Health Deprivation Indices ». Social Indicators Research 151, n^o 2 (5 juin 2020) : 599–620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-020-02396-7.

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O'CONNOR, THOMAS G., ROBERT S. MARVIN, MICHAEL RUTTER, JEFFREY T. OLRICK, PRESTON A. BRITNER et THE ENGLISH AND ROMANIAN ADOPTEES STUDY TEAM. « Child–parent attachment following early institutional deprivation ». Development and Psychopathology 15, n^o 1 (mars 2003) : 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579403000026.

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Child–parent attachment quality with an adoptive caregiver at age 4 years was examined in a sample of 111 children adopted into the United Kingdom following early severe deprivation in Romania and a comparison group of 52 nondeprived within–United Kingdom adoptees. Findings indicated that, compared with nondeprived adoptees, children who experienced early severe deprivation were less likely to be securely attached and more likely to show atypical patterns of attachment behavior; ordinary forms of insecure attachment were not associated with deprivation. Within the sample of deprived adoptees, there was a dose–response association between duration of deprivation and disturbances in attachment behavior. In addition, a minority of children who experienced severe early deprivation were classified as avoidant, secure, or dependent using conventional classification strategies, despite also exhibiting atypical patterns of attachment behaviors, and this was also more likely among children exposed to prolonged deprivation. The results raise both theoretical and methodological implications for attachment research on very deprived children.

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Mondloch, Catherine J., Terri L. Lewis, Alex V. Levin et Daphne Maurer. « Infant face preferences after binocular visual deprivation ». International Journal of Behavioral Development 37, n^o 2 (mars 2013) : 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025412471221.

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Early visual deprivation impairs some, but not all, aspects of face perception. We investigated the possible developmental roots of later abnormalities by using a face detection task to test infants treated for bilateral congenital cataract within 1 hour of their first focused visual input. The seven patients were between 5 and 12 weeks old ( n = 3) or older than 12 weeks ( n = 4). Like newborns, but unlike visually normal age-matched controls, the patients looked preferentially toward config (three squares arranged as facial features) over its inverted version and none of the older patients preferred a positive-contrast face over the negative-contrast version. We conclude that postnatal changes in face perception are experience-dependent, and that interference with their typical development may contribute to later deficits in face processing.

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Barnes, Jacqueline, Jay Belsky, Kate A. Broomfield et Edward Melhuish. « Neighbourhood deprivation, school disorder and academic achievement in primary schools in deprived communities in England ». International Journal of Behavioral Development 30, n^o 2 (mars 2006) : 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025406063585.

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There is growing concern about violent behaviour in schools, involving students, staff and/or parents. A survey of 1777 primary schools (for children aged 5 to 11) throughout England, most in areas of social and economic deprivation, found more disorder in neighbourhoods with greater deprivation. More disorder was also observed when there was more school-level disadvantage (e.g. students receiving free meals), larger school size and more children in need of special education services. Despite difficulties in drawing causal inferences from correlational data, the fact that more disorder significantly predicted lower school achievement for students at 7 and 11 in standardized English, mathematics and science assessments even once school characteristics and neighbourhood deprivation were taken into account is judged noteworthy. Potential confounding factors are considered in the discussion.

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Galonsky, Vladislav, Natalia Tarasova et El'vira Surdo. « ANALYSIS OF DENTAL CARIES PREVALENCE AND INTENSITY IN CHILDREN AGED 5-18 WITH VISUAL SENSORY DEPRIVATION ATTENDING TYPE III AND IV REMEDIAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ». Actual problems in dentistry 16, n^o 2 (12 août 2020) : 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-20-16-2-79-87.

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Subject. The dental health of children with disabilities is the subject of close scrutiny by dentists. Data on the prevalence and intensity of dental pathology make it possible to develop effective personalized programs for the prevention of dental diseases taking into account somatic pathology. The introduction of personalized prevention programs contributes to the reduction of dental morbidity and the formation of a healthy lifestyle in children with disabilities. The goal is to determine the hallmarks of the state of hard tissues of teeth in children with sensory deprivation of vision and conditionally healthy children. Methodology. A clinical dental examination of 365 children aged 5―18 years living in the city of Krasnoyarsk was conducted. The main (study group) was 185 children with sensory deprivation of vision, the comparison group ― 180 conditionally healthy children. We studied the prevalence of dental caries, including taking into account the degree of activity of its course, and its intensity (CP, CP + CPU, CPU). Results. The prevalence rate of dental caries was at a fairly high level: in the comparison group ― 75.55 %, in the study group ― 82.70. In children with sensory deprivation of vision (in the study group), subcompensated and decompensated forms of the degree of activity of dental caries were observed. In the comparison group (in conditionally healthy children), the course of the carious process was evaluated as compensated. The most unfavorable situation regarding the degree of activity of dental caries in children with sensory deprivation of vision was observed at the age of 12 to 18 years. Findings. In children 5―18 years old with sensory deprivation of vision, the high prevalence and intensity of dental caries are combined with an insufficient level of dental care compared with a group of conditionally healthy children of this age period.

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Hire, Adrian J., Darren M. Ashcroft, David A. Springate et Douglas T. Steinke. « ADHD in the United Kingdom : Regional and Socioeconomic Variations in Incidence Rates Amongst Children and Adolescents (2004-2013) ». Journal of Attention Disorders 22, n^o 2 (23 novembre 2015) : 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054715613441.

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Objective: To describe the incidence and distribution of ADHD within the United Kingdom, and to examine whether there was any association between ADHD incidence and socioeconomic deprivation. Method: The study used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). Patients diagnosed with ADHD before the age of 19 between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2013 were stratified according to the region in which their general practice was based. Practice Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) score was used as a surrogate measure of patients’ deprivation status. Results: ADHD incidence was relatively stable between 2004 and 2013, but peaked in the last 2 years studied. Statistically significant ( p ≤ .05) differences in incidence were observed between U.K. regions. In almost every year studied, incidence rates were highest among the most deprived patients and lowest among the least deprived patients. Conclusion: In the United Kingdom, ADHD may be associated with socioeconomic deprivation.

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Luben, Robert, Shabina Hayat, Anthony Khawaja, Nicholas Wareham, Paul P. Pharoah et Kay-Tee Khaw. « Residential area deprivation and risk of subsequent hospital admission in a British population : the EPIC-Norfolk cohort ». BMJ Open 9, n^o 12 (décembre 2019) : e031251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031251.

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ObjectivesTo investigate whether residential area deprivation index predicts subsequent admissions to hospital and time spent in hospital independently of individual social class and lifestyle factors.DesignProspective population-based study.SettingThe European Prospective Investigation into Cancer in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) study.Participants11 214 men and 13 763 women in the general population, aged 40–79 years at recruitment (1993–1997), alive in 1999.Main outcome measureTotal admissions to hospital and time spent in hospital during a 19-year time period (1999–2018).ResultsCompared to those with residential Townsend Area Deprivation Index lower than the average for England and Wales, those with a higher than average deprivation index had a higher likelihood of spending >20 days in hospital multivariable adjusted OR 1.18 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.29) and having 7 or more admissions OR 1.11 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.22) after adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, education, social class and body mass index. Occupational social class and educational attainment modified the association between area deprivation and hospitalisation; those with manual social class and lower education level were at greater risk of hospitalisation when living in an area with higher deprivation index (p-interaction=0.025 and 0.020, respectively), while the risk for non-manual and more highly educated participants did not vary greatly by area of residence.ConclusionResidential area deprivation predicts future hospitalisations, time spent in hospital and number of admissions, independently of individual social class and education level and other behavioural factors. There are significant interactions such that residential area deprivation has greater impact in those with low education level or manual social class. Conversely, higher education level and social class mitigated the association of area deprivation with hospital usage.

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Vaughn-Coaxum, Rachel A., Neha Dhawan, Margaret A. Sheridan, Mackenzie J. Hart et John R. Weisz. « Dimensions of adversity in association with adolescents’ depression symptoms : Distinct moderating roles of cognitive and autonomic function ». Development and Psychopathology 32, n^o 3 (17 décembre 2019) : 817–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001172.

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AbstractExposure to adverse events is prevalent among youths and robustly associated with risk for depression, particularly during adolescence. The Dimensional Model of Adversity and Psychopathology (DMAP) distinguishes between adverse events that expose youths to deprivation versus threat, positing unique mechanisms of risk (cognitive functioning deficits for deprivation, and altered fear and emotion learning for threat) that may require different approaches to intervention. We examined whether deprivation and threat were distinctly associated with behavioral measures of cognitive processes and autonomic nervous system function in relation to depression symptom severity in a community sample of early adolescents (n = 117; mean age 12.73 years; 54.7% male). Consistent with DMAP, associations between threat and depression symptoms, and between economic deprivation and depression symptoms, were distinctly moderated by physiological and cognitive functions, respectively, at baseline but not follow-up. Under conditions of greater cognitive inhibition, less exposure to deprivation was associated with lower symptom severity. Under conditions of blunted resting-state autonomic response (electrodermal activity and respiratory sinus arrhythmia), greater exposure to threat was associated with higher symptom severity. Our findings support the view that understanding risk for youth depression requires parsing adversity: examining distinct roles played by deprivation and threat, and the associated cognitive and biological processes.

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Millar, Susanna. « Models of Sensory Deprivation : The Nature/Nurture Dichotomy and Spatial Representation in the Blind ». International Journal of Behavioral Development 11, n^o 1 (mars 1988) : 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502548801100105.

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It is argued that models of sensory deprivation often depend on a nativist versus empiricist dichotomy which has little basis in empirical fact. Fallacies about the nature of abilities and learning and about the interaction between sense modalities which follow from the dichotomy are examined in relation to explanations of spatial development in the blind. It is suggested that interactions between cognitive and perceptual factors need to be taken into account in order to explain the effects of sensory deprivation more adequately.

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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Educational deprivation »

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