Thèses : « Economics – Sweden »

1

Kilic, Niyazi. « Economics of suicide in Sweden ». Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Nationalekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-39199.

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Suicide is social tragedy that devastates families and is very costly for society. Even though suicide have been a known social problem for over a century society have yet to solve it. The purpose of this essay is to examine whether the socio-economic theory can explain the variance of suicide rate in Sweden. From previous studies and socioeconomic theories, the variables unemployment, divorce rate, fertility was picked because of their ability to explain the variance of suicides rates. Population density was also picked because of its close relation with social isolation. A two-way fixed- effect model controlling for region and time was employed on a panel of 21 counties over the years 2005-2017. The results of the regression were that all independent variables, but population density were insignificant. The study concludes that the panel employed are not enough to determine whether the socio-economic factors can explain the variance of suicide rates in Sweden.
Självmord är en social tragedi som ödelägger familjer och är en stor kostnad för samhället. Även om självmord har varit ett känt problem i århundraden så är det fortfarande ett olöst problem. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka om socioekonomisk teori kan användas för att förklara variansen av självmord i Sverige. Från tidigare studier och socioekonomiska teorier utrönandes tre variabler som anses kunna förklara variansen av självmord. De tre variablerna var arbetslöshet, skilsmässor och fertilitet. Befolkningstäthet lades till i regressionen, eftersom den ansågs vara i relaterad till sociologiska teorier. En tvåvägs fasteffekt regression som kontrollerar för län- och tid effekter applicerades på en panel bestående av 21 län under åren 2005–2017. Resultatet av regression visade att alla variabler förutom befolkningstäthet var icke signifikanta. Studien konkluderar att panelen som analyserats inte är tillräckligt för bedöma om socioekonomiska teorier kan förklara variansen av självmord.

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Wright, Richard. « Three essays in comparative institutional economics : Britain and Sweden since 1918 ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385898.

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Prawitz, Erik. « On the Move : Essays on the Economic and Political Development of Sweden ». Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-145925.

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This thesis consists of four self-contained essays in economics. Their abstracts are presented below: Exit, Voice and Political Change: Evidence from Swedish Mass Migration to the United States. We study the political effects of mass emigration to the United States in the 19th century using data from Sweden. To instrument for total emigration over several decades, we exploit severe local frost shocks that sparked an initial wave of emigration, interacted with within-country travel costs. Our estimates show that emigration substantially increased the local demand for political change, as measured by labor movement membership, strike participation and voting. Emigration also led to de facto political change, increasing welfare expenditures as well as the likelihood of adopting more inclusive political institutions. Mass Migration, Cheap Labor, and Innovation. Migration is often depicted as a major problem for struggling developing countries, as they may lose valuable workers and human capital. Yet, its effects on sending regions are ambiguous and depend crucially on local market responses and migrant selection. This paper studies the effects of migration on technological innovation in sending communities during one of the largest migration episodes in human history: the Age of Mass Migration (1850-1913). Using novel historical data on Sweden, where about a quarter of its population migrated, we find that migration caused an increase in technological patents in sending municipalities. To establish causality, we use an instrumental variable design that exploits severe local growing season frost shocks together with within-country travel costs to reach an emigration port. Exploring possible mechanisms, we suggest that increased labor costs, due to low-skilled emigration, induced technological innovation. On the Right Track: Railroads, Mobility and Innovation During Two Centuries. We study the construction of the 19th-century Swedish railroad network and estimate its effects on innovation during two centuries. To address endogenous placement of the network, our analysis exploits the fact that the main trunk lines were built with the overarching aim to connect particular city centers, while at the same time considering construction costs. Estimates show that innovative activities increased substantially in areas traversed by the railroads. The number of active innovators increased and, moreover, they became more productive. Exploring potential mechanisms, we highlight the importance of knowledge diffusion across space by studying spatial patterns of collaboration between innovators. Our analysis shows that innovators residing in areas connected by the railroad start to collaborate more and over longer distances, especially with other innovators located along the railroad network. Finally, we show that the differences in innovative activities were intensified over the 20th century. Areas traversed by the historical railroads exhibit much higher rates of innovation in the present day. Homeownership, Housing Wealth and Socioeconomic Outcomes: Evidence from Sweden 1999-2007. This paper studies a government supported homeownership wave in Sweden, where tenants bought their apartments at prices below the market value in the ownership market. Using detailed administrative register data paired with a difference-in-differences strategy, it compares individuals subject to an ownership transfer to similar individuals who never got the opportunity to buy their homes. After establishing that the new homeowners instantly increased their net wealth, the effects of homeownership and housing wealth on a set of socioeconomic outcomes are measured over time. Although the lump-sum transfer is large, the average individual only modestly adjusts her behavior in terms of labor market participation and demographic decision-making. Studying differences across age, younger tenants increase childbearing and decrease labor income, although modestly. Individuals near their retirement age decrease their labor market participation.

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Järvenson, Gustav. « Matching efficiency in Sweden, 2000 to 2018 ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172734.

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The term matching efficiency is a term that describes how efficient the search and matching process of the labour market is functioning. A high matching efficiency is sought-after since it means shorter unemployment spells and more productive firms. The matching function is the tool that is most commonly used to estimate the matching efficiency. It is a tool that makes it possible to model a complex process with a relatively small number of different variables. There is a shortage of studies that estimates the matching efficiency on Swedish data. This thesis estimated a aggregated as well as regional disaggregated matching functions on monthly data from 2000 to 2018. The matching efficiency for the aggregated as well as the different regional labour markets is then estimated. The results show that the matching efficiency as decreased over the studied period. This is true the aggregated as well as the disaggregated labour market. When estimating the regional matching efficiency a negative correlation between the population density and the matching efficiency is found. This means that regions with lower levels of population densities show higher levels of matching efficiency compared to regions with higher levels of population densities. The changes in the matching efficiency are also found to be correlated with compositional changes of the unemployment pool.

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Lu, Xiaomei. « Determinants of health care expenditure in Sweden ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-161097.

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Sweden faces increasing pressures on health funding. Total expenditure on health care currently accounts for about 10.92% of GDP, which suggests an increase of about twofold over the last five decades. This paper examines the short-run and long-run relationship between income and health care expenditure in Sweden during the period 1980–2017. The study focused on the differences between short- and long-term elasticities. Consistent with the conventional findings, the income elasticity for health care is found to be greater than one, suggesting that health care is a luxury good in Sweden. Additionally, the age structure variable is found to have a significant positive impact on health care expenditure. Finally, the importance of another non-income variable, relative price, is also confirmed, an increase in relative price is associated with lower quantity of health care expenditure.

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Cardona, Cervantes Gabriel. « Formation of House Prices in Sweden ». Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-11313.

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In this research, Sweden’s municipalities are categorized into five economic regions which put emphasis on location. Furthermore, since house prices reflect and are reflected by the existing cycles in the economy, four time periods are considered. By using extensive data collected by Sweden Statistics (SCB), this study tests eight variables factors to be used in a cross-section analysis which will help researchers understand which factors are consistent in explaining the formation of house prices in terms of location and time. The conclusion that can be drawn is that no factor can fully explain house prices at a national level and that the Population variable was consistent in regional changes and Employment was consistent in time changes. This has lead to a greater understanding of the field of regional house prices in order for it to contribute to real estate investments or purchases.

Master thesis in Economics

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Sköld, Edvin, et Kaleb Tesfay. « The relationship between inflation and unemployment in Sweden ». Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48586.

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Nordquist, Johanna, et Ida Saranpää. « The motherhood earnings penalty : The case of Sweden ». Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96366.

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This paper investigates the motherhood earnings penalty of women in Sweden. To answer this question, we conducted an empirical analysis by using the ordinary least square on a data sample regarding women and the total number of children. To identify the source of the earnings gap, we stratified the sample of women by educational attainment to test for the work-effort hypothesis, unmarried and married women for the specialization hypothesis. Finally, testing for the compensating earnings differential theory by comparing women within the public sector to the private sector. The results showed that women with children experience an earnings penalty compared to women without children. The raw earnings penalty for one child was 34 percent, two children at 32 percent, and three or more children at 40 percent.

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Edvinsson, Alex, et Ruben Zeiloth. « The Laffer Curve for Top Incomes in Sweden ». Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-75331.

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Mikkonen, Maria. « Internal migration and labour market outcomes among refugees in Sweden ». Licentiate thesis, Växjö University, School of Management and Economics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1220.

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Wikström, Andreas. « House price developments in Sweden : The role of fundamentals ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-139835.

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House prices in Sweden have been increasing at an unprecedented pace since the mid-1990s. In this study, I examine the main causes behind this increase. Specifically, if the increase in house prices can be explained by movements in so-called fundamental factors. To study these relationships, I deploy a Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) approach. In addition to newer evidence, I also examine the effect of the reduced property tax in 2008 onhouse prices. The model suggests that the development in the fundamental factors explain the increases in house prices very well. The model indicates negative effects of the property tax pre-2008; however, no indication of capitalization effects of the change in the tax into prices was found.

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Molin, Simon. « House Price Dynamics in Sweden : Vector error-correction model ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172367.

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Movements in house prices can have effects on individuals, financial markets, and the whole economy. After the rapid increase in house prices worldwide since the mid-1990s and after the financial crisis in 2008, many studies have investigated house price dynamics. Furthermore, real house prices in Sweden have increased by more than 200 % since the mid-1990s up until today. This study takes a closer look at the fundamental determinants of house prices to investigate both the long- and short-run dynamics of Swedish house prices. The method of use includes a vector error-correction model, which exposes both long- and short-run dynamics of house prices. The long-run results show that Swedish house prices are currently not overvalued. Furthermore, in the short-run, the results suggest that house prices adjust to their equilibrium level with 7,9 % in each quarter.

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Nilsson, Mats. « Imports of pulpwood and chips to Sweden : an economics analysis ». Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 1997. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17215.

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Wallin, Håkan, et Niclas Andersson. « The role of tourism on labour market integration in Sweden ». Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40091.

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Labour market integration is an important subject. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between tourism-specialization and labour market integration and the influence from regional differences. This paper is the first to especially focus on the factor tourism-specializations relationship with labour market integration. The study is primarily based on theories regarding unemployment and tourism and the method that will be used is cross-sectional ordinary least squares. The findings show there are regional differences and that tourism-specialization has a positive relationship with labour market integration in urban division and not in the rural and semi-rural divisions. These findings can be used by policymakers in their decisions regarding future investments in labour market integration.

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Westerlund, Olle. « Economic Influences on Migration in Sweden ». Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi, 1995. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-17118.

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Paper [I]- Household Migration and the Local Public Sector: Evidence from Sweden, 1981-1984 (co-authored with Michael L. Wyzan), contains an empirical exploration of the nexus between variables related to the local public sector budget and migration. Micro-data is employed in binomial and multinomial-logit regressions estimating the probability to migrate. We report results separately for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, because the per capita levels of the tax base and intergovernmental grants are theoretically important migration determinants where population is sparse, while the tax rate may be more important where population is dense. Empirical results support our fiscal hypotheses and are consistent with previous findings on household characteristics. Paper [II]- Internal Gross Migration in Sweden: The effects of Variation in Mobility Grants and Regional Labour Market Conditions, focuses on the effects of labor market conditions and migratory stimuli on over county-border migration. Aggregate data on the flows of all migrants and on the flows of migrants receiving extra mobility stimuli are used in estimations of a single-equation migration model based on the hiring function. The results indicate that regional migration flows respond to changes in labor market conditions in accordance with predictions from economic theory. This result seems mainly to stem from the migratory behavior of the unemployed. In addition, nonmatching migration subsidies at the levels employed are not found to be migration enhancing. Paper [IH]- Employment Opportunities, Wages and Interregional Migration in Sweden 1970-1989, deals with the impact of aggregate labor turnover and regional labor market conditions on gross in- and outmigration. Annual panel data is used in estimation of separate in- and outmigration functions, where regional labor market conditions are assumed to be endogenous with migration under two different assumptions concerning the working of the labor market. An increase in the regional excess supply of labor is found to increase outmigration and decrease inmigration. Moreover, cyclical variation in labor turnover is positively correlated with gross migration. The hypothesized effects of real wages on migration are not confirmed. The results are not sensitive to the various assumptions concerning regional wage formation considered in this study. Paper [IV]- A Panel Study of Migration, Household Real Earnings and Self-Selec- tion (co-authored with Roger Axelsson). The effects of migration on household real earnings are examined. Data pertain to a sample of stable household constellations in Sweden, 1978-1991. A treatment-effect model is employed, whereby the potential effects of nonrandom sampling of data on earnings for migrants and nonmigrants are taken into account. We find that stable multi-adult household constellations did not gain in income from migration during the 1980s. In addition, we find no strong indications of selection bias in the income equation.
digitalisering@umu

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Palme, Mårten. « Five empirical studies on income distribution in Sweden ». Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Ekonomisk Statistik (ES), 1993. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-1776.

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Meens, Eriksson Josef. « Getting motor fuel taxes right : An empirical application on Sweden ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-152121.

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I estimate optimal passenger car fuel taxes for Sweden while accounting for negative externalities such as congestion, accidents, CO2 emissions, particle pollution, road reinvestment need, winter road maintenance need and noise. By allowing for tax interaction effects with the broader fiscal system the fuel tax substitutes for the tax on labour income, consequently the optimal fuel tax may deviate from fuel tax level proposed by the Pigouivan principle. Results suggest that the diesel tax should be increased by 0.74 SEK/litre from its current level. The tax on petrol on the other hand should be lowered by 1.47 SEK/litre. A sensitivity test where all externality values were varied simultaneous +/- 50% of their benchmark values suggests a diesel (petrol) tax at 5.83 (5.07) SEK/litre in the low value scenario and 12.78 (10.31) 10.31 SEK/litre in the high value scenario. Furthermore, this study indicates optimal tax rates to be the most sensitive toward changes in the own price elasticity of demand for fuels.

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Bedikanli, Mervan. « Investigating the existence of a bank lending channel in Sweden ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-182022.

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This paper uses quarterly Swedish bank-level data from 1999 to 2019 in an attempt to study the existence of a bank lending channel in Sweden. The bank lending channel is concerned with the role of credit in an economy, where it is argued that monetary policy can affect the real economy through a credit channel, in which banks shift their supply of loans to the public. The bank lending channel is hence part of the broader credit channel, where the external finance premium decides how large of an impact the bank lending channel actually has on the economy. Using a Vector Error Correction Model, the short- and long-run dynamics of the bank lending channel is observed in this paper. The paper finds statistically significant evidence for the existence of a bank lending channel in Sweden by primarily observing the Stockholm Interbank Offered Rate (STIBOR) and the supply of loans made by Swedish banks to the public. By using the Johansen test for cointegration, the paper estimates both the short- and long-run coefficients of the model. The long-run results are in line with the empirical literature, where STIBOR and real GDP are both statistically significant at the 1% level.

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Jansson, Carolina. « Location Decisions of Independent Schools in Sweden- Does ideology matter ? » Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415295.

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The Swedish school voucher reform in 1992 gave rise to independent schools and free choice of school for students. Since 1997, local governments have the opportunity to utter their opinion regarding the establishment of an independent school. General known predictions forecast that parties on the left-wing on the political scale dislike outsourcing more than parties on the right-wing. This thesis aims to find causal effects of local political ideology on the location decisions of independent schools. A perspective that hasn’t been prioritised in previous studies of the school voucher reform. As empirical strategy, I use a difference-in- differences approach on the share of independent schools in each municipality before and after the reform of 1997. Data is on the municipality level and consists of 288 municipalities for the years 1993-2008. The results indicate that independent schools establish relatively less frequently in left-leaning municipalities, and the distinction to other municipalities increases after the reform. The difference in the share of independent schools is 2,16 percentage points more negative in left-leaning municipalities than in other municipalities after 1997.

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Jansson, Carolina. « Location Decisions of Independent Schools in Sweden : Does Ideaology Matter ? » Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415570.

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The Swedish school voucher reform in 1992 gave rise to independent schools and free choice of school for students. Since 1997, local governments have the opportunity to utter their opinion regarding the establishment of an independent school. General known predictions forecast that parties on the left-wing on the political scale dislike outsourcing more than parties on the right-wing. This thesis aims to find causal effects of local political ideology on the location decisions of independent schools. A perspective that hasn’t been prioritised in previous studies of the school voucher reform. As empirical strategy, I use a difference-in-differences approach on the share of independent schools in each municipality before and after the reform of 1997. Data is on the municipality level and consists of 288 municipalities for the years 1993-2008. The results indicate that independent schools establish relatively less frequently in left-leaning municipalities, and the distinction to other municipalities increases after the reform. The difference in the share of independent schools is 2,16 percentage points more negative in left-leaning municipalities than in other municipalities after 1997.

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Björkman, Emil. « Estimating Switching Costs in Electricity Retailing : Empirical Evidence from Sweden ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184719.

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In many situations, consumers face a cost for switching suppliers, either in monetary or in non-monetary terms. The cost associated with the switch is called switching cost and could lead to consumers that are locked-in to their current supplier. In the Swedish electricity retail market, evidence suggests that there are few switches of suppliers. Thus, one could possibly think of the switching costs to be reducing the number of supplier changes, working as a switching barrier. Two different models are used to estimate the switching costs in the Swedish electricity retail market, Shy’s (2002) “quick-and-easy method for estimating switching costs” and Salies’ (2012) developed version of the model. The estimates vary greatly, depending on the choice of model. Some of the problematic assumptions of the original model are dealt with in the latter model, which is expected to make it more credible. The results indicate that there are switching costs present in the market, and that they are much higher for the consumers of large suppliers compared to the consumers of the smaller ones. Hence, it is more costly to make a switch from a large supplier than from a smaller supplier. The estimated switching costs for a household with an annual electricity consumption of 2,000 kWh (small apartment) amount for up to 600 SEK or 1,100 SEK, depending on which model one uses. In relative terms, the switching costs could account for up to 52 % or 94 % of the annual electricity price, respectively. Although switching costs are present and make it costly for changing supplier, they cannot explain the low number of switches completely on their own. The low consumer mobility in the market might to some extent be due to the switching costs but is also likely to be depending on the low savings from switching supplier. The results in this study point in the same direction as the previous research in many aspects. However, several problems with the models are pointed out in this study, which may affect their credibility. Some of these problems are possible to correct for, while some others are not. As a consequent, the models might be overestimating the switching costs, and therefore opens for alternative methods of estimating the switching costs. Not only is there a need for other models that can estimate the switching costs in electricity retail markets specifically, but rather for all different markets.

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Häggquist, Elisabeth. « The Economic Value and Adoption of Geological Information in Sweden ». Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Samhällsvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17921.

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The purposes of this thesis are to: (a) provide a review of previous research on the economic value of geological information, including the identification of important lessons from such work: and (b) assess the current use and non-use of geological information in Swedish municipalities. The thesis consists of three papers all related to the assessment or adoption of geological information.Paper I provides a review of previous research on the economic value of geological information and other earth observations as well as related products, services and infrastructure. Furthermore, the paper identifies important lessons and issues that require increased attention in future research. The review of prior research shows that significant economic benefits are attached to the use of geological information. The value of geological information has typically been measured in terms of avoided costs. Still, it is difficult to compare results across studies since they differ in scope and make alternative assumptions concerning which sectors to cover. Furthermore, previous research is not uniform in its treatment of potential (rather than only existing) users, and it employs varying conceptions of avoided costs. The paper concludes that future research should devote more attention to the public and experience good characteristics of this type of information, thus highlighting the preconditions for information adoption as well as addressing the role of potential users. A number of specific methodological challenges also deserve further scrutiny in future research, such as the use of discount rates and benefit-transfer approaches in the empirical context of geological information.Based on the results of Paper I it is important to also analyze what, beyond technological advances, influences the adoption of geological information. Paper II and III investigate the determinants of adopting geological information in the public sector with an emphasis on Swedish municipalities. Paper II contributes to the literature by theoretical explanations and empirical findings on individual and organizational effects influencing the adoption of geological information. In this paper an information adoption model is proposed and tested against data collected from 677 officials in Swedish municipalities. The model is estimated using linear probability (LPM) and instrument variable generalized method of moment (IV-GMM) approaches. The results suggest that perceived advantages have the largest effect on the likelihood of adopting geological information, but also follow-up education (motivation) and gender are found to affect adoption behavior. In addition, the results also indicate a group effect within working units. Some implications of the findings and future research areas are discussed.Paper III further investigates the adoption of geological information in the public sector by considering social effects (collegial advice), and whether the information is jointly adopted with related information. The related information considered in this paper is other geoinformation such as map data, demographic information concerning population or building information. The empirical analysis builds on the survey sent out to officials at Swedish municipalities. The information adoption model is estimated using probit and bivariate probits. The results suggest that the adoption of geological and related information is a joint and complementary decision. It is also found that collegial advice, perceived skills from education, motivation to adopt, perceived advantage, gender and working unit affect the likelihood of adopting geological information.

Godkänd; 2015; 20150212 (eliols); Nedanstående person kommer att hålla licentiatseminarium för avläggande av ekonomie licentiatexamen. Namn: Elisabeth Häggquist Ämne: Nationalekonomi / Economics Uppsats: The Economic Value and Adaption of Geological Information in Sweden Examinator: Professor Patrik Söderholm Avdelning Samhällsvetenskap Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle Diskutant: Universitetslektor Jonas Lundberg Handelshögskolan vid Umeå Universitet Tid: Tisdag den 24 mars 2015 kl 13.00 Plats: A109, Luleå tekniska universitet

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Uddgård, Björn. « How does municipality tax impact on net regional mobility in Sweden ? » Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-75748.

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The primary objective of this essay is to test how the municipality tax rate affects net regional migration in Sweden. All the 290 municipalities where included between the years 2008 to 2016. The relationship is estimated by panel data using a fixed effect model. The main findings of this study suggest that there is no correlation between municipality tax rate and net regional migration, ceteris paribus. The result is partly in line with theory and shows slightly different finding than Edmark and Ågren (2008).

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Allaberdyev, Maksat. « Universal Basic Income and Sweden : -A simulation of the Swedish economy ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-151141.

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What if you could separate your salary from work, what would happen? How would individuals in a society react? Would they invest more in human capital, would they work halftime or at all? These are questions that follows if Universal Basic Income (UBI) would be implemented. What is Universal Basic Income? UBI is a suggestion of a welfare system where every month the state gives its citizens a sum of money without conditions. The idea is old but has resurfaced lately due to the fear that automation is destroying jobs in a faster rate than new jobs can be created. But Sweden also faces other challenges. After the crisis in Syria, Germany and Sweden were the two European countries who took in the most refugees which will contribute to the rising gap of unemployment between natives and people who are born outside of the country. Research done by Försäkringskassan, a public institute in Sweden shows that people who end up in long term illness has increased over time, and the prediction is that more people are heading towards that direction. With these challenges, the potential of UBI was interesting to examine. With an DSGE-model, the behaviour of the agents in the economy was simulated in a closed economy. The results showed that the UBI grew the sectors size compared to the baseline model without the UBI. Households of various skills increased their purchsing power with UBI compared to households without UBI. The simulations also showed that the price that the firms had to pay to compensate workers for labour increased with UBI, indicating that UBI is possibly inflationary. The simulations were compared with two surveys about the attitudes towards UBI and the labour market. Some of the answers about labour hours were in line with the simulations, while others were not. The majority of the respondents answered that UBI would not affect their labour hours, indicating that the model with rational expectations does a poor job of catching attitudes, because agents don’t always act rational. It could also depend on that most of the respondents are highly educated and have different preferences compared with other individuals who have lower skills. An improvement of the study is firstly to include a central bank as an additional agent to capture the effects of monetary policy and inflation, secondly open up the economy to capture the effects of trade.

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Chindt, André. « The dynamic effects of immigration on political outcomes : Evidence From Sweden ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415567.

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This paper analyzes the impact of immigration on the political support for right-wing and leftwing parties in Sweden. Municipality level data on national parliamentary elections is used over the 2006 to 2018 period. To derive causal estimates, an instrumental variable strategy is implemented based on the spatial distribution of foreign-born in 1998. The impact of immigration is divided between the share of foreign-born and the most recent inflow of immigrants, to evaluate whether a dynamic process exists. Overall, the results are consistent with the hypothesis that hostility towards immigrants is temporary. Only the most recent inflow of immigrants has a positive impact on anti-immigration voting, while the share of immigrants has a negative effect. In the context of pro-immigration support, the opposite results are revealed. By exploring the channels behind the results, concerns on neighborhood quality, and not economical competition, seems to be the driving factor of the short-run resistance towards immigration.

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Blombäck, William. « Electric power in the EKC : Empirical study of Sweden 1960-2014 ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-187061.

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This thesis focuses on consumption of electric power and is an attempt to add it to the theoretical framework of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), which theorizes an inverted U-shaped relation between environmental degradation and economic growth. CO2 emissions per capita, real GDP per capita and electricity consumption per capita in Sweden under the period 1960-2014 are used as variables. Sweden has relatively clean electricity, which I theorize will result in a negative effect on CO2 emissions. The empirical method will be characterized by comparing two regression models, one to test the standard EKC relation and the other to introduce electric power consumption to the EKC. The models are initially estimated by an OLS regression, followed by a series of econometric tests to investigate validity and reliability of the models. The basic EKC-relation seems to exist in Sweden, whereas adding electricity consumption to the equation appears to not be possible in this case.

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Lidvall, Adam. « Relative wages and labour shortages : Evidence from Sweden ». Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97604.

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The purpose of this thesis is to look into the relationship between relative wage and labor shortage in the Swedish labor market. This relationship is expected to be positive since wage increases are often used as a mechanism to counter shortages. To look into this relationship the seemingly unrelated regression model (SUR), as well as the random effects model are introduced. The results indicate that there exists a positive relationship between relative wage and shortage for occupations with higher degree of shortage and a negative relationship for occupations with no or low degree of shortage. From the results, the evidence suggests that relative wage is a good mechanism for countering shortages, but not a sufficient one.

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Pete, Kristof, et Jan Kantola. « Regional House Price Differentials in Sweden : Factors that Influence the Choice of Location ». Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-775.

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The purpose of the thesis was to study price differentials of housing in and outside of Swedish cities. When doing so, the average price of detached houses in every Swedish municipality and city was taken. The prices were based on the purchasing sum (köpeskillinen) while the investigated time period was 1995 and 2005. To separate between the different areas in Sweden, the country itself was divided into two separate regions; south, and north. South was used twice, once with the three major city areas (Stockholm, Göteborg and Malmö/Lund) included and once when they were not. Within each region two groups of locations could be differentiated; economic centres (Stockholm as an example) and sub-municipalities (Danderyd as an example). Economic centers represented “in cities” and sub-municipalities “outside of cities”. In addition to the main purpose, we also wanted to examine what variables that are affecting the price of housing. Therefore; according to our theoretical background, income, working opportunities and availability of teachers were the important factors.

The empirical analysis signified that there is a clear average price differential between economic centers and sub-municipalities in all three regions. Detached houses in economic centers have become more expensive relative to sub-municipalities. The largest difference can be observed in the three major city areas, where the most extreme price changes have occurred. Consequently, it can be said that working opportunities had the foremost effect on house prices in the majority of our research areas. It was also found that income had a significant influence at several locations. Teachers per 100 students had on the other hand little or no effect at all on house prices. Moreover, where it was significant it affected houses prices negatively.

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Smedman, Gustaf, et Timo Kervinen. « Spectrum auctions in Sweden : A theoretical study of spectrum auctions in Sweden ». Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48728.

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This paper seeks to find whether the spectrum auctions in Sweden have been conducted efficiently and if there is a de facto model that suits all auctions. The efficiency is conditions that emphasise truthful bidding, price discovery and limits collusive behaviour. The paper compares three different auction models used in Sweden, a beauty contest used in the allocation of 3G spectrums, and the auction model selected for the upcoming 5G spectrum auction. The auction models are as follows: first and second-price sealed-bid auction, SMRA and CCA. We found that beauty contests should not be used in any spectrum allocation as it did not meet the criteria of efficiency outlined in this paper. The first-price sealed-bid auction is not a suitable format for spectrum auctions. According to the theory, it generates equivalent revenues on average as the second-price format, which shows a higher degree of efficient allocation. We found that depending on the blocks sold, both SMRA and CCA can result in somewhat efficient results, but they are not suitable for a single object auction. We found that no de facto auction format is suitable for every spectrum auction to be conducted in the future, but instead that the auction format is dependent on the characteristics of the individual auctions.

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Lund, Jessica. « Does Sweden experience Jobless Growth ? : An Empirical Study of the Relationsship between Unemployment and Growth in Sweden ». Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1191.

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Abstract

This is unique study of import is of the greatest importance, since no studies of import

across regions have earlier been performed. Import is a driving force of innovations and

therefore most important for a stable growth. This master thesis is about interregional import,

as well as the strong spatial concentration of imports in the Swedish system of network.

Five hypothesises are presented in the last section of chapter two. The variables to be used

in the analysis are then divided into two main groups, before empirically tested in different

combinations of regression models.

The main conclusion of this thesis is a significant correlation between import, and the two

independent variables export and firm R&D, and its result goes in line with the theoretical

framework of this thesis, regional specialisation in import and export nodes.

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Pettersson, Klara. « Sweden, a country with high economic growth and low emissions ? : A study about the relationship between economic growth and the CO2 emissions in the transport sector in Sweden ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-150796.

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This thesis examines the relationship between economic growth and the CO2 emissions in the transport sector in Sweden by testing the environmental Kuznets curve. The environmental Kuznets curve implies that at a certain point, called the breaking point, development and higher incomes will increase societal conscientiousness about the climate change consequences, and eventually it will decrease the environmental degradation rather than increasing it. The main finding of this paper is that the breaking point of the environmental Kuznets curve is confirmed. That is, one can say that economic growth has decreased the CO2 emissions in the transport sector in Sweden. Although economic growth is a proxy for wider development in this thesis, the actual cause of the breaking point is discussed, such as technical progress or policy implications. Also, the importance of prioritizing economic growth when implementing emission decreasing policies is emphasized.

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Jörgensen, Peter. « Small Firms and Employment Growth : A Cross-Regional Study of Sweden ». Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15696.

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In the last decades, small firms have accounted for a disproportionately large share of new jobs. Using data from 1993 to 2009, the concern of this thesis is to examine regional differences in employment growth in Sweden, with a focus at the role of small firms. The author employs findings from previous studies and theoretical discussions on advantages and disadvantages of small firms to derive a number of variables to use in two multiple regression models on regional employment growth, one for the period 1993-2001 and one for the period 2001-2009. The results show that, unlike increases of well educated workers and the population growth, increases in small firm employment is significant in explaining employment growth in both periods, with a positive relationship. For both periods, changes in small firms’ share of employment is not significant in explaining employment growth. Although many new jobs have been generated in service industries, changes in the service sectors’ share of employment is highly insignificant as an explanatory variable for employment growth. Moreover, an increased share of highly educated workers is negatively related to employment growth.

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Lindström, Markus. « Forecasting day-ahead electricity prices in Sweden : Has the forecasting accuracy decreased ? » Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184649.

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Sweden is currently transitioning towards having 100% electricity generation from renewable energy sources by 2040. To reach this goal, Sweden will ramp up the generation from wind power while simultaneously phasing out nuclear power. Replacing nuclear power with an intermittent production source such as wind power has been proven to increase the variability of electricity prices. The purpose of this study has been to investigate if the increasing electricity generation through wind power in Sweden has decreased the accuracy of price forecasts provided by ARIMA models. Using an automated algorithm in R, optimal ARIMA models were chosen to forecast on-peak and off-peak hours for both winter and summer periods in 2015. These forecasts were then compared to forecasts provided by ARIMA models calibrated on data from 2020. The results from the empirical analysis showed that the overall forecast errors are twice as large for the 2020 forecasts indicating that increasing electricity generation from wind power has decreased the forecasting accuracy of price-only statistical models.

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Sefastsson, Ulf, et Per Sefastsson. « Inflation Forecasting in Sweden using Single Hidden Layer Feedforward Artificial Neural Networks ». Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-141675.

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Inflation affects many economic processes, and it is therefor crucial for economic agents to have reliable forecasts of it. In this thesis, single hidden layer feedforward artificial neural networks were used to predict the year-on-year consumer price index inflation rate in Sweden for the period 2013-01-01 – 2016-06-30. Separate networks were estimated for each prediction horizon, ranging from 1 to 24 months. The root mean square errors were computed for each horizon, which were then compared with the predictions issued by the Riksbank and two linear models (Autoregressive Moving Average and Autore- gressive) for the same period. The results show that the networks outperform the Riksbank’s predictions on 1–5 and 11–24 months, the ARMA model on 1–5 and 9–24 months, and the AR model on 1, 3, 5 and 20 – 23 months. The main conclusion is that artificial neural networks do have potential in forecasting the Swedish consumer price index inflation rate. There are, how- ever, several limitations in this thesis that need to be addressed and potential improvements to be investigated before a clear verdict can be made.
Prisinflation påverkar många ekonomiska processer, och det är därför av största vikt för ekonomiska aktörer att ha tillförlitliga prognoser för denna. I denna kandidatuppsats implementerades framkopplade artificiella neurala nätverk med ett gömt lager för att prognostisera den årliga konsumentprisinflationstakten i Sverige för perioden 2013-01-01 – 2016-06-30. Separata nätverk passades för varje prediktionshorisont mellan en och 24 månader. Roten ur medelkvadratfelet beräknades för varje horisont, och jämfördes sedan med prognoser utfärdade av Riksbanken samt två linjära modeller (ARMA och AR) för samma period. Resultaten visar att nätverken presterar bättre än Riksbankens prognoser på horisonter mellan en och fem månader, samt på horisonter mellan elva och 24 månader, och presterar bättre än ARMA-modellen på intervallen en till fem månader och nio till 24 månader, samt bättre än AR-modellen på en, tre och fem samt 20 till 23 månader. Den huvudsakliga slutsatsen från arbetet är att artificiella neurala nätverk har potential som verktyg för att prognostisera den svenska konsumentprisinflationstakten. I uppsatsen görs emellertid flera antaganden och förenklingar som bör undersökas närmre, och författarna identifierar potentiella förbättringar som också bör utforskas i framtida arbeten innan någon klar dom kan utfärdas.

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Havkranz, Christoffer. « Takeovers in Sweden : The Returns to Acquiring Firms ». Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1006.

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A takeover announcement does not necessarily mean good news for stockholders of the acquiring firm. In fact, for a majority of takeovers it means losses in share prices. Motives that can explain this trend are agency and hubris. This thesis is an event study of 28 acquir-ing firms in Sweden between the years 1997-2005, and the purpose is set to see whether stock prices are affected or not. This has been done by the help of the market model. The empirical results show that the takeovers are on average value decreasing operations which indicate that agency and hubris are the primary motives even though one can not for cer-tain exclude synergy.

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Tchape, Tchapi Pierre Douglas, et Elina Rosenfeld. « Environmental Concerns and Banking Sector in Sweden ». Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-1061.

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This study concentrates on two questions – “Should banks take environmental concerns?”and “What is the attitude of Swedish banks towards sustainability?” The theory related to environmental concerns in the financial sector is presented and further on the empirical data

describing the situation within the Swedish banking sector is discussed. The empirical data was collected with the aid of a semi-structured interview and offers a real-life example of actions and attitudes of two case banks in Sweden – SEB and Handelsbanken. The aim of this paper is not restricted to presenting and discussing the collected theoretical and empirical data but also to involve the reader in the environmental way of thinking. This text is based on

the idea that banks are liable for the indirect impact on the environment and need to acknowledge that some borrowers involve in environmentally harmful businesses. The research method used for this study is of a qualitative nature, more precisely it is an exploratory research which aims to explain. The semi-structured interview used to study the attitudes of the chosen Swedish case banks, was composed of two types of questions – closed- and open-ended. Special characteristics of a semi-structured interview are the prompts and probes in its structure. These are the approaches to guide the respondent to reach broader coverage and greater depth in his/her answers.

Through the interview results, it became evident that the environmental issues have gained certain visibility within the Swedish banking sector. The given answers pointed towards the impression that maintaining a sound corporate image is the prior concern of a bank and

indicated that banking sector in Sweden undergoes external pressure to pursue environmentally friendly activities. It is clear that banks play a major role by financing the continuous damage to our planet, and it is comforting to know the banking sector is undergoing the pressure of becoming more involved in sustainable development. The

conclusions and the empirical evidence presented in this study are hoped to give a simplified view on environmental concerns within banking sector.

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Czarnota, Alexander. « Estimating a hybrid New Keynesian Phillips curve for Sweden : An instrumental variables approach ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415569.

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Previous estimates suggest that there has been a flattening of the Swedish Phillips curve after the global financial crisis of 2008. This apparent flattening is a global phenomenon that has led many economists to search for an explanation. Recent studies suggest that part of the apparent flattening can be explained by failure to overcome the endogeneity problem of the Phillips curve that arise from measurement error and cost-push shocks. In this study I investigate this previously unexplored potential explanation for the Swedish data by estimating a hybrid New Keynesian Phillips curve for Sweden using the instrumental variables approach of Barnichon and Mesters (2020). The approach uses a sequence of lagged monetary policy shocks as instruments and relies on weak instrument robust test statistic for inference. The point estimates vary substantially with changes in the number of lagged instruments and the weak instrument robust confidence intervals are not significant for any number of lags. This indicates that the weak instrument problem is too severe for the Swedish data to provide a practical solution to the puzzle of the Swedish Phillips curve. The conclusion from this study is therefore that is not possible to estimate an unbiased hybrid New Keynesian Phillips curve for Sweden using aggregate time series data.

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Nilsson, Tilda. « The Migrant- and Gender Wage Gaps in Sweden : Evidence from a Quantile Decomposition ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184485.

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This thesis investigates the migrant- and gender wage gaps for female immigrants in the Swedish labour market for 2005. By using Swedish microdata on income and taking advantage of decomposition methods, in particular the Blinder-Oaxaca (1973) and the Recentered Influence Function, proposed by Firpo, Fortin and Lemieux (2018), this thesis analyses the pay gaps at the mean and across the distribution. Further, this thesis explores what factors that contribute to the gaps at different percentiles. The results indicate that immigrant women face the largest disadvantage in terms of earnings in the Swedish labour market. The earnings gap, both at the mean and across the distribution, is largest when immigrant females are compared against native males, followed by immigrant males and lastly, female natives. Additionally, the gender earnings gaps are large at the bottom of the distribution, indicating a sticky floor effect for female immigrants. Weaker evidence of a glass ceiling is found when comparing foreign-born females and male natives. Differences in returns for the same pay-determining characteristics explain the majority of the sticky floor and the rest of the gap at all percentiles between foreign-born females and native- and foreign-born males. The variation across the gender wage distributions indicates that there is significant heterogeneity in the Swedish labour market, both how earnings are determined and how different attributes are rewarded between the groups.

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Eikner, Erica. « APARTMENT PRICES IN SWEDEN : An analysis of determinants of tenant-owned apartment prices ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185643.

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Real estate prices have during the last two decades seen a large increase. The increased prices together with more regulations of mortgages have created a market where it is difficult to enter. Moreover, a low rate of construction, resulting in a low supply of apartments have further created an exclusive market. To better understand the structure of the market, and to create a more inclusive market, this thesis has further looked at the pricing structure. This thesis uses two fixed effects models to determine which factors affect apartment prices in metropolitan regions of Sweden, i.e., Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö. A time period of 2005-2019 was researched, and 44 municipalities were included. Variables used in the model was population density, income, tax rate, unemployment rate, and mortgage rate. Results show that population density and income have a positive effect on apartment prices, while tax rate, mortgage rate and unemployment rate have a negative effect. The results are discussed in regard to supply and demand, which are the main drivers of the housing market.

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Bojarinova, Sandström Alexandra. « Immigration and native employment : A study of the effects in Sweden 2011-2017 ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160983.

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Immigration has been and will continue to be a common occurrence in the world. As a field ofstudy immigration is a controversial subject. In addition, there are many contradictory previous results from studies on the effects of immigration on the native born population. This thesis isa compliment to earlier research on the field with a focus on the effects on the employment rate of natives in Sweden. The aim of the study is to move the field towards coherence. Panel data for the years 2011 to 2017 are used and the observations are the 290 municipalities in Sweden. An econometric approach is conducted where the response variable is the percent of the native born population which is gainfully employed. The thesis shows that there is a small but positive correlation between immigration and the employment rate of natives in Sweden, at least as long as there are not too many people with low economic standard. If too many people have a low economic standard the amount of foreign born who are gainfully employed will have a negative effect on the amount of native born who are gainfully employed.

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Taspinar, Aytac. « Causal Relationship between export and economic growth : The Poland and Sweden Case ». Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-4109.

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Ohlson, Mikael. « Essays on Immigrants and Institutional Change in Sweden ». Doctoral thesis, Växjö : Växjö University Press, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2437.

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Birgersson, Adam. « The impact of fuel taxation in Sweden : A study on the distributional impact of fuel tax in Sweden : A regional analysis ». Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-85496.

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The general opinion is that an increase in fuel taxation would affect the countryside of Sweden to a greater extent, than the inner-city areas of the country. The topic of fuel taxation has become widely discussed on a political level throughout Europe. This paper examines the distributional effects on taxation of fuel in Sweden, by comparing different municipalities from different regions. By using aggregated data from different sources and estimate an increase in fuel prices by 10 percent, this paper estimates the direct effects of an increase in fuel taxation. The results show that by increasing the price on fuel with 10 percent, the municipalities located in the countryside of Sweden have a higher distributional impact and a greater tax burden compared to municipalities located near larger cities. But the differences are modest, and this paper concludes that the fuel tax should be considered proportional throughout all regions of the country.

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Kurz, Verena. « Municipal waste management in times of economic downturn - the case of the Växjö Municipality (Sweden) ». Thesis, Växjö University, School of Management and Economics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5572.

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This paper is analysing the development of municipal waste amounts in theSwedish municipality of Växjö. The cause of the analysis were decliningwaste amounts in the second half of 2008, which was a rather atypical developmentsince in the years before, a steady growth could be observed.Therefore, the Waste management department in Växjö raised the questionif and in what way the economic downturn that Sweden is currently undergoingcould affect the waste amounts. This is the central question I try toanswer in this paper. To pursue a systematic analysis, I start with a theoreticalsection on how waste is generated in societies, how waste is managed inSweden and which factors influence the development of municipal waste.Aim of this section is to give a theoretical assessment on how the economicdownturn could affect the actual waste amounts. Then, an empirical analysisof Växjö’s municipal waste amounts is conducted. This is done by timeseries modelling of monthly amounts, by using the ARIMA methodology.The models then are tested on structural breaks that could be attributed to aneconomic downturn. Finally, the waste amounts for the next twelve monthsare forecasted.

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Eriksson, Ludwig, et Philip Fransson. « Dollar-Cost Averaging Versus Lump-Sum-Investing : Evidence from Sweden ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-433867.

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Dollar-Cost Averaging (DCA) is a popular investment strategy for purchasing equity securities. Even though previous research shows that DCA is somehow inefficient, it has remained a default strategy widely recommended by financial advisors worldwide. Using this starting point, this thesis empirically investigates and compares DCA with Lump-Sum Investing (LSI) through a replicative approach. We use a simulation to analyze the strategies performance on the Swedish Equity Market. The evaluation is conducted from both a traditional and behavioral finance framework. In line with Leggio and Lien (2001), whom we replicate, our results indicate LSI being a superior strategy for both mean-variance and loss-averse investors. Hence, we argue that LSI should not be forfeit as a potential strategy when entering the Swedish market. An evaluation of the two strategies should help Swedish investors to make better-informed decisions about whether to use DCA or LSI.

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Malmberg, Åsa. « Evaluating the gender wage gap in Sweden ». Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7654.

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Using mainly quantile regressions, this paper evaluates the gender wage gap throughout the conditional wage distribution in Sweden. The gender wage is found to increase at the upper tail of the wage distribution, indicating an enforcement of the glass ceiling effect recorded in earlier studies.

The results also indicate that the earlier noted trend of diminishing wage differences at the bottom of the wage distribution now is turning. The increase of overall wage inequalities coincides with a general increase in wage dispersion among high-income and low-income individuals. It is also noted that there are substantial differences in returns to productivity characteristics between the public and the private sectors, and that both the highest and the lowest unexplained gender wage gap is found in the public sector.

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Ireobhude, Victor, et Gino Carciola. « Contagion in the Nordic banking crisis - A case study of Sweden, Norway and Finland ». Thesis, Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1605.

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Byström, Jesper. « Oil Prices and Consumer Spending in Sweden : -Do Oil Price shocks affect Private Consumption ? » Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172397.

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This thesis uses a Vector Autoregressive Model and an Impulse response function to examine the impact of rising oil prices on personal consumption expenditure in Sweden. In Sweden the use of fossil oil has been declining for several years, and by 2045, Sweden aims to have no net emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, although, there is still a lot of oil left in the energy system, not least in the transport sector. As Sweden has continued to reduce its oil dependency and carbon dioxide emissions, it is interesting to investigate whether the international oil price has an impact on the consumption in Swedish households. In this thesis, oil price increases are found to have a negative impact on personal consumption expenditure. The result from this thesis could be an important implication for policymakers deciding about laws and subsidies for renewable energies when facing a trade-off between the environment and private consumption.

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Stenman, Braarup Max. « Labor market opportunities and crime in Sweden : The importance of individuals on the margin ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-173988.

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This thesis aims to examine the relationship between legal opportunities and crime rates in Swedish counties between 2000-2013. Even though this relationship has been estimate dconsistently in the last 10-15 years, this thesis contributes by study-ing the effects of legal opportunities for men with lower levels of education. This group is often over-represented in crime rates but has seldom been studied specif-ically in relation to crime. According to economic theory, less educated have a smaller opportunity cost of committing a crime compared to those with higher lev-els of education.This is confirmed by the results in this thesis, as increases in theunemployment level for non-college educated males have a larger effect on prop-erty crime rates than the population average unemployment level. As high levels ofcrime lead to large costs for a society, labor market- and educational programs mayhave indirect benefits from lower levels of crime.These benefits may be underes-timated if not examining individuals on the margin between the legal- and illegal sectors.

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Baysal, Baris. « Inflation Convergence between Germany and Greece, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Turkey : A co-integration Analysis ». Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Nationalekonomi, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-35864.

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This paper looks for evidence of co-integration to the German inflation rate between the countries Greece, Italy, Spain, Sweden and Turkey. The method applied is based on econometrics since some certain statistical tests need to be performed to obtain more accurate results. The main tests used are Dickey-Fuller and Augmented version of this test which is vital to test for unit-root and co-integration in this paper. Since the data need to be stationary to perform the analysis in this paper, second difference and the deseasonalisation methods are also used for this purpose. Deseasonalisation method helps this paper progress in two means; to determine the months which have seasonal effect and to form another model with the help of the seasonal months, to obtain stationary series. Finally the original co-integration model is then tested again after deseaonalisation with Dickey-Fuller and Augmented Dickey-Fuller tests. After the tests, I found evidence that Greece, Italy, Sweden, and Turkey are co-integrating with German inflation rate whereas there is no evidence for Spain.

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Thèses sur le sujet « Economics – Sweden »

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