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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Economic development – Political aspects – Middle East »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Economic development – Political aspects – Middle East"

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Timakova, Olga A. « China’s Relations with the Mediterranean States : Military and Political Aspects ». Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 21, no 4 (27 décembre 2021) : 700–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2021-21-4-700-711.

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China is one of the most influential non-regional actors in the Mediterranean. As of 2021, it is ranked among the top three trading partners of almost all Mediterranean states. Chinese foreign policy in the Mediterranean reflects the growing importance of geoeconomics and, in particular, economic instruments of foreign policy in Chinas foreign policy strategy. The intersection of the routes of the Maritime Silk Road of the 21st Century and the Silk Road Economic Belt in the Mediterranean basin indicates the regions high potential for the development of new logistics routes, economic corridors and supply chains. Despite significant impact of the coronavirus restrictions on the global economy and the deepest economic crisis seen in recent years, China has not reduced its global activity. Actually, it is the pandemic that can become an incentive for the development of new formats of cooperation within the Belt and Road in the Mediterranean. Chinas traditional foreign policy paradigm presupposes emphasis exclusively on economic interaction and non-involvement in political issues. De facto Chinas economic relations with the countries of the region are increasingly complicated by military and political issues. The article categorizes the main political and security issues that arise between China and partner countries in the Mediterranean region. While the discourse of human rights and sustainable development prevails in relations with Europe, the issues of ensuring security and managing regional instability come to the fore when dealing with the states of North Africa and the Middle East. Given Chinas growing economic needs, it is likely that in the medium term there will be a doctrinal formalization of Chinas role in the political process in the Mediterranean region.
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Palamarenko, Evgenii V. « TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC RELATIONS OF ISRAEL IN THE MIDDLE EAST ». Today and Tomorrow of Russian Economy, no 98 (2019) : 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26653/1993-4947-2019-98-02.

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The lack of Russian-language research on the features of the economic development of Israel as an OECD member state underlines the urgent need to identify new trends in the Israeli economy. Not taking into account the existing variety of humanitarian studies, and especially the concentration of studies on the political history of Israel and its modern component, we can recognize a clear lack of work that would cover Israeli economy. Current trends in Israeli trade relations, which have begun to make the mselves clear, require both consideration of effective trade and economic interaction between Israel and Palestine, and identification of the peculiarities of hidden regional trade and economic ties. Israel and Palestine are in close cooperation on the exchange of labor and goods, despite the lack of a political settlement. For Palestine, Israel is a major trading partner, and Palestine plays a key security role for Israel. The second important aspect in covering new trends in the Israeli economy may be the need to study the nascent format of cooperation between Israel and the Middle East. The article explores the specifics of economic relations between Israel and the countries of the Middle East, reveals the growing role of economic relations between Israel and the countries of the region.
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Zhang, Min. « HAS THE ARAB SPRING CHANGED THE SOCIO-POLITICAL LANDSCAPE ? THE CASE OF LIBYA ». International Journal of Education and Social Science Research 05 (2022) : 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37500/ijessr.2022.5410.

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The Arab Spring, which first erupted in Tunisia and spread to parts of the Arab world, remains one of the most realistic issues on the international political agenda in recent years. With the deepening of the political transformation in the Middle East, the political development of Libya, Turkey, Iran and other countries has encountered more and more difficulties. Libya has also experienced the Arab Spring, and whether the socio-political landscape has changed has become a topic of debate. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the socio-political landscape of Libya has changed politically and economically since the Arab Spring. In the early days of the Arab Spring, Libya's political system has changed, and some economic achievements have been made. However, these achievements at the political and economic level are superficial, which means that Libya's political and economic landscape has not been fundamentally transformed, and what was achieved at the time did not last long. After a brief introduction to the Arab Spring and the current social situation in Libya, this paper will discuss the specific changes in Libya's socio-political landscape from both political and economic aspects.
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Voznyak, Halyna, et Iryna Zherebylo. « Social aspects of Ukrainian economy development : current state and new challenges ». Socio-Economic Problems of the Modern Period of Ukraine, no 5(139) (2019) : 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/2071-4653-2019-5-5.

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Modern changes in the economy of Ukraine caused by the socio-political situation in the country as well as a number of initiated reforms encourage scientific exploration of the socio-economic development of the country. The purpose of the article is to conduct a problem-oriented analysis of the social component of the economy of Ukraine. The article presents the results of a study of socio-economic development of Ukraine during the past five years. The following areas of analysis were selected: labor markets, poverty, unemployment, income / expenditures of the population. Low growth rates of the subsistence level are proven to be causing a decrease in social standards, which negatively affects the living standards of the population in Ukraine; a significant drop in real income of the population in 2014-2015 aggravated the purchasing power of the population; the increase in the share of wages and social benefits in the structure of the population's income during the analyzed period is an indication of the excessive dependence of the population's well-being on state support, as well as the absence of the so-called middle class in the country. The visible growth in the unemployment rate is caused by the military actions in the East of Ukraine, the deepening of the financial and economic crisis and the deterioration of the socio-political situation in the country. Emphasis is placed on differentiation in wages in economic sectors. Low level of the average salary in the budget sphere is proven to be caused by the peculiarities of calculating the size of the minimum salary on the basis of the subsistence minimum, which ultimately leads to the “depreciation” of the work of employees of the budgetary sphere and the reduction of the cost of highly skilled labor. Challenges to further development of Ukraine have been identified, such as excessive unemployment, poor level of remuneration, the level of social protection, military conflict in Eastern Ukraine among the key ones.
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Yüceşahin, M. Murat, et A. Yiğitalp Tulga. « Demographic and Social Change in the Middle East and North Africa : Processes, Spatial Patterns, and Outcomes ». Population Horizons 14, no 2 (1 décembre 2017) : 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pophzn-2017-0003.

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Abstract The Middle East and North Africa region has been an important player in the swift demographic transition process that happened in many parts of the developing world starting in the mid-twentieth century. This demographic change was not independent from the developmental efforts and political transformations that the region was experiencing. Social and demographic change in the Middle East and North Africa brought with them power struggles, changes in social and political structures, and confusion in all areas of social life, all of which could be seen in the region. This paper focuses on the more general aspects of the demographic and social characteristics in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa in 1950, 1980, and 2015, bearing in mind the relationship between mentalities and events, and dealing with the issue through the lens of social change, demographic change, resistance, and the struggle for political change in an international context. This study has two main approaches. First, it investigates demographic changes and spatial clustering with a qualitative (cluster analysis) approach in Middle Eastern and North Africa countries based on selected demographic indicators for the years 1950, 1980, and 2015. Then it discusses the relationship between the outcomes of these demographic changes and recent socio-political developments in the region. One of the main findings of this study is MENA countries present three different structures in different time-periods in terms of demographics and these structures are responsible for the regional social, economic, and political transformations.
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Saidy, Brahim. « Qatar and Rising China ». China Report 53, no 4 (13 octobre 2017) : 447–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517727924.

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This article explores the Qatari perception of the partnership with China on the basis of three factors: globalisation, the absence of a legacy of colonialism and the principles of non-intervention and respect for state sovereignty professed in China’s foreign policy. China’s perception of its relations with Qatar is embedded within its understanding of the regional order in the Middle East and reflects its assessment of the geopolitical factors that are transforming Gulf countries. It emerges from this analysis that the diplomatic and economic aspects of Qatar–China relations are substantial and well institutionalised. However, military cooperation is still underdeveloped despite the increase of military-to-military contacts.
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Arayssi, Mahmoud, et Ali Fakih. « Institutions and development in MENA region : evidence from the manufacturing sector ». International Journal of Social Economics 42, no 8 (10 août 2015) : 717–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-07-2014-0136.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the role of institutions (including civil law origin), financial deepening and degree of regime authority on growth rates in the Middle East and North Africa region. Design/methodology/approach – This paper examines the implications of industrial firm-related and national factors for the determinants of economic growth using panel data through a fixed effect model. Findings – The results reveal that English civil law origin and the establishment of the rule of law work with the development of financial institutions to increase economic growth in these economies; however, the democratization of the political institutions and foreign direct investment do not assist financial development in promoting economic growth. Research limitations/implications – Data covered is limited to four years. Social implications – The findings emphasize the prominence of overcoming institutional weaknesses and establishing transparent public policy governing businesses as a pre-requisite for successful universal integration in developing countries. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the literature on the relationship between finance and economic growth in two aspects. First, the authors focus on the contribution of the institutional setting and its interaction with the financial development and how this affects economic growth of the manufacturing firms. Second, the authors explore the relationship between the role of institutions, governance, the country civil law origin and the economic growth.
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Kurylev, Konstantin P., et Nickolay P. Parkhitko. « Russian Policy in the Mediterranean : Historical Continuity and International Context ». Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 21, no 4 (27 décembre 2021) : 609–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2021-21-4-609-624.

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The article considers the main directions of the Russian Federations foreign policy in the Mediterranean region in the period from 2015 to autumn 2021. The authors present a historical analysis of Russias military presence in the Mediterranean Sea since its first deployment in the 18th century and separately during the Cold War, since the key strategic goals and operational-tactical tasks facing the 5th Soviet Navy operational squadron in those years, as a whole, remained unchanged. Only their scale was adjusted. Three key aspects that determine the need for Russias presence in the Mediterranean are researched. These are the military, political and economic (raw) components that form the determinant of Russian foreign policy in the region. The expansion of the military activity of NATO countries - in particular, the United States, Great Britain and France - in the Mediterranean Sea and the Middle East, especially since the beginning of the civil war in the Syrian Arab Republic in 2011, requires an asymmetric response from Russia in the context of protecting its national interests. As far as geopolitics is concerned, Russias return of at least partial of those Soviet influence in the region also contributes to strengthening our countrys international positions. Finally, Russias presence in a part of the world, which is a natural logistics hub in the context of both world trade and energy supplies, conceptually complements the military-political agenda. The authors use the methods of historical and political analysis and practical systematization in order to formulate the main hypothesis of the study and come to scientific and theoretical conclusions. The main hypothesis is that the expansion of Russias military, political and economic presence in the Mediterranean will be intensified as the countrys economic potential grows. The authors suggest the following order as tools for implementing the strategy: speeding up efforts to ensure the permanent military presence of the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean, deepening bilateral ties with Syria and conducting a pragmatic economic policy towards Turkey, which claims to be an important actor in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East as a whole.
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Gafarov, Anvar Ajratovich, et Mariam Arslanovna Galeeva. « Socio-Political Aspects of Russian Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca in the XIX-Th Century ». Cuestiones Políticas 38, Especial II (8 décembre 2020) : 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.382e.03.

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Starting from the middle of the 16-th century, during the foreign policy expansion increase, the ethno-confessional diversity of the Russian state was steadily increasing. The imperial policy aimed at assimilating non-Russian peoples sharply raised the issue of their identity preservation. For domestic Muslims, an important factor in cultural and confessional identity provision was the preservation and development of their traditional ties with the Islamic world. Various political, economic, cultural, and other contacts maintained with the countries of the Muslim East have become the basis for the stability of the Muslim community in Russia under imperial pressure. In this system, a special role was originally played by the Hajj (Muslim pilgrimage to the holy places in the Hejaz), which the official administration had to reckon with. The aim of the proposed study is to identify socio-political aspects, socio-political conditions, and the specifics of the Hajj implementation in the 19th century. After the analysis of office documentation, travel notes of Muslim pilgrims, and expert assessments of orientalists, the authors concluded that, despite the increasing opposition from the authorities, the significance of the Hajj intensifies in the 19th century. Hajj became not only the factor of opposition to imperial acculturation, but also a channel for presentation the ideas of renewal.
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Perrons, Diane. « Social theory, economic geography, space and place : Reflections on the work of Ray Hudson ». European Urban and Regional Studies 24, no 2 (23 janvier 2017) : 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969776416689221.

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Economic geography, at its best, deploys economic and social theory to make sense of the economic, political and social transformation of regions and their impact on people’s lives and opportunities. Nowhere is this approach more evident than in the work of Ray Hudson, who has consistently focused on analysing the processes of combined and uneven development to explain the broad changes in the capitalist economy together with middle-level theories to account for the complexity of regional development in practice. In so doing he has created a powerful Geographical Political Economy that provides a deep understanding of the last four decades of economic restructuring and industrial transformation of the North-East Region of England and its impact on the lives of people living there. This article reflects on this aspect of Ray Hudson’s work in the context of his broader contributions to the academy.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Economic development – Political aspects – Middle East"

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Davidson, Michael Raphael. « Institutional structures for equitable and sustainable water resource management in the Middle East ». CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3063.

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Water management is a challenge in the Middle East today because of increasing population, decreasing water quality, political instability and security concerns. Israel and the Palestinian Authority share the three major freshwater sources in an inequitable and unsustainable manner. This study details the hydro-geological, political, cultural and legal challenges to equitable and sustainable water resource management in the region.
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Stedman, Joseph B. « The Impact of Middle Class Economic Strength on Civil Liberties Performance and Domestic and External Peace ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4386/.

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Using data for 93 countries from 1972 through 2001 in cross-national analysis, this study compares the relative economic strength of a country's middle-class with its civil liberties performance and its history of domestic and external conflict. For purposes of this analysis, the relative strength of a country's middle-class is determined by multiplying the square root of a country's gross domestic product per capita by the percentage of income distributed to the middle 60 % of the population (middle class income share). Comparisons between this measure of per capita income distributed (PCID) and several other indicators show the strength of the relationship between PCID and civil liberties performance and domestic and external conflict. In the same manner, comparisons are made for the middle class income share (MCIS) alone. The countries are also divided by level of PCID into 3 world classes of 31 countries each for additional comparisons. In tests using bivariate correlations, the relationships between PCID and MCIS are statistically significant with better civil liberties performance and fewer internal conflicts. With multivariate regression the relationship between PCID and civil liberties performance is statistically significant but not for PCID and internal conflict. As expected, in both correlations and regression between PCID and external conflict, variables related to power dominate. However, when the countries are divided into world classes by level of PCID, the eleven countries with the highest level of PCID have had no internal or external conflict since 1972. Moreover, there is no within group conflict for countries in either the upper or middle classes of countries based on their level of PCID. The between group conflict does include democracies.
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El, Battiui Mohamed. « L'eau au Moyen-Orient : entre gestion et instrumentalisation ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210507.

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L’eau est vitale dans toutes les économies. C’est à cause de son rôle prépondérant pour la survie que les tensions politiques autour des basins et des fleuves internationaux tendent à être particulièrement très épineuses. Actuellement, la mauvaise répartition de cette ressource pose un sérieux problème du fait qu’elle est gérée en fonction de stratégies politiques et non en fonction des réalités hydrologiques régionales. Nous expliquons à l’aide de la « Enhanced Power Matrix Model » (La Matrice de FREY et NAFF améliorée) que les tensions autour des bassins et des fleuves au Moyen – Orient n’aboutiront pas à des conflits armés mais à une situation de non guerre et de non paix, très peu propice à la coopération. Pour sortir de cette situation de blocage, nous proposons aux décideurs politiques et aux négociateurs, sur base de l’article 6 de la Convention de New York de 1997 sur « les cours d’eau internationaux à d’autres usages que la navigation », un modèle de répartition de la ressource hydrique entre les différents riverains d’un cours d’eau international. Face à cette situation, beaucoup de pays de la région tentent de mettre de façon unilatérale des modèles de gestion macroéconomique :réduction de la demande ou l’augmentation de l’offre de l’eau. Ces modèles se heurtent à des obstacles de nature économique, politique, sociologique et culturelle. Dans un objectif de conception de nouveaux modèles de gestion de l’eau, nous proposons un modèle coopératif, les projets de transfert inter – bassin, pour faire face à la mauvaise répartition de cette ressource au Moyen – Orient.

Nous appuyons sur la méthodologie multicritère d’aide à la décision pour opérationnaliser l’article 6 de la Convention de New York et pouvoir comparer les différents projets de transfert inter - bassin. Cette méthodologie fait appel à un logiciel d’aide à la décision « Décision Lab 2000 ». Le commentaire des résultats fournis par ce logiciel nous a permit de tirer l’enseignement suivant :seuls les projets qui présentent une faisabilité politique élevée arrivent en tête de classement. Ce qui nous fait dire que la question de l’eau au Moyen – Orient est, avant tout, une question politique.


Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Good, Jennifer E. « Fossil Fuel Subsidies : Impacts and Reform Strategies ». Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/687.

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This thesis uses cross-country panel regressions to identify the effects of fossil-fuel subsidies for both oil importers and oil exporters on GDP growth, industry growth, crowding out of government expenditures in education, health, and infrastructure, government debt, carbon dioxide emissions, inequality and poverty. Fossil-fuel subsidies are found to be associated with lower levels of growth and industry growth, less government expenditure on health and education, poorer infrastructure quality, more government debt, and higher rates of carbon dioxide emissions. No relationship is found between fossil fuel subsidies and poverty and inequality. These results confirm the arguments of those that argue that fossil-fuel subsidies should be rationalized. However, removing subsidies is politically challenging. In order to identify strategies for fossil fuel reform, the successful reform efforts of Indonesia and Turkey are examined. These cases are then used to draw lessons for governments undertaking subsidy reform. The key strategies used were to exempt some regions, groups, or fuels from reform, use funds from subsidy removal for social safety nets and other poverty alleviation programs, time the reforms strategically, and communicate clearly to the public the reason for reform and how the funds will be used. These lessons are applied to countries in the developing Middle East and North Africa, including Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco.
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ADLY, Amr. « The political economy of trade and industrialization : Turkey and Egypt in the post-liberalization era ». Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/14704.

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Defence date: 14 September 2010
Examining Board: Prof. László Bruszt, European University Institute (Supervisor), Prof. Robert Springborg, Naval Postgraduate School, Montery (External Supervisor), Prof. Sven Steinmo, European University Institute, Prof. Terry Karl, Stanford University
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
How do state economic institutions come about? And why do developing countries give different accounts of state institution-building? This study argues that state economic institution-building is a function of the ruling incumbents’ motives and scope conditions. Motives refer to the incumbents’ identification of state institutionbuilding with their immediate and direct interest of political survival in office. Meanwhile, scope conditions refer to the enabling or constraining factors that the incumbents confront in pursuit of reform which either supplement or limit their autonomy and resources. The study examines the cases of Turkey and Egypt following the embarking on economic liberalization in 1980 and 1990 respectively. On the one hand, Turkey witnessed considerable institution-building in export-related policy and regulation areas with remarkable implications for export expansion and restructuring from raw materials into manufactured products. Conversely, postliberalization Egypt suffered from institutional stagnation associated with a poor export performance and persistent dependency on oil exports. The claim is that Turkish incumbents have been more motivated and enabled to undertake encompassing institutional reforms with the aim of export expansion restricting than their Egyptian counterparts.
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Abdelsadek, Nafisa. « The effects of social and political dislocation on Persianate children's literature : change and continuity ». Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/4724.

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This thesis seeks to investigate the various forces that have shaped modern Persianate children‘s literature - history, revolution, political climate, government, institutions, writers, education, and so on. The historical origins of tales popular in modern times, and of themes recurrent in stories from past times to present are analyzed, along with other factors which have shaped Persianate children‘s literature. The thesis begins with a historical and theoretical overview relating to change and continuity in Persianate children‘s literature. It examines the influence of ancient texts on modern Persianate children‘s stories. The cultural development reflected in the organizational infrastructure of institutions is also examined, as well as other contemporary influences, both social and political, in order to assess how these have affected modern Persianate children‘s literature. The contents of children‘s books are analyzed from different aspects, including their representation of social values. Concerns of children themselves are shown in examples of their own work; in addition, works of illustrators of children‘s books, and examples from the extended body of Persianate children‘s literature in Tajikistan are analyzed. Modern children‘s literature is the product of a number of influences and while differences can be perceived between historical periods, underlying similarities can also be seen which show a continuity of socio-political purpose, either supporting the status quo or challenging it. The thesis is concerned with this interplay between the recurring uses of children‘s literature; moralistic, didactic, the political agenda of its authors, criticism of the status quo, etc. and the surface changes which attract attention and which create an appearance of change in its underlying purpose. Fashions and styles may change, but children still read, firstly in order to learn to read, and then for information and amusement. The author contends that, in reality a limited number of changes are possible in the purpose of children‘s literature, and the age-old arguments likewise continue about what those are: entertainment or preparation for the harsh realities of life, retreat into fantasy and acceptance of one‘s place or incitement to rebel and change the world.
Information Science
D.Litt. et Phil.
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Livres sur le sujet "Economic development – Political aspects – Middle East"

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Development, administration and aid in the Middle East. London : Routledge, 1988.

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Joyce, Starr, Stoll Daniel C et Georgetown University. Center for Strategic and International Studies., dir. The Politics of scarcity : Water in the Middle East. Boulder : Westview Press, 1988.

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The long divergence : How Islamic law held back the Middle East. Princeton : Princeton University Press, 2011.

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Annette, Huber-Lee, et Amir Ilan, dir. Liquid assets : An economic approach for water management and conflict resolution in the Middle East and beyond. Washington, DC : Resources for the Future, 2005.

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1945-, White Thomas E., dir. Reconstructing Eden : A comprehensive plan for the post-war political and economic development of Iraq. Houston, Tex : CountryWatch, 2003.

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The social origins of the modern Middle East. Boulder, Colo : L. Rienner, 1987.

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Gerber, Haim. The social origins of the modern Middle East. Boulder, Colo : Lynne Rienner, 1994.

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8

Moghadam, Fatemeh E. From land reform to revolution : The political economy of agricultural development in Iran, 1962-1979. London : Tauris Academic Studies, 1996.

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Swearingen, Will D. Moroccan mirages : Agrarian dreams and deceptions, 1912-1986. Princeton, N.J : Princeton University Press, 1987.

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Swearingen, Will D. Moroccan mirages : Agrarian dreams and deceptions, 1912-1986. London : Tauris, 1988.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Economic development – Political aspects – Middle East"

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Gubser, Peter. « Civil Society Organizations in the Middle East : Can they Facilitate Socio-Economic Development during a Time of Transition ? » Dans Economic and Political Impediments to Middle East Peace, 213–24. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333994269_13.

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Brynen, Rex. « The (Very) Political Economy of the West Bank and Gaza : What Lessons Should We Learn about Peace-building and Development Assistance ? » Dans Economic and Political Impediments to Middle East Peace, 189–212. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333994269_12.

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Vidican-Auktor, Georgeta. « Energy security, sustainability, and development in Morocco ». Dans The Political and Economic Challenges of Energy in the Middle East and North Africa, 236–47. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series : Global governance : Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315201917-18.

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Simarmata, Hendricus A., Irina Rafliana, Johannes Herbeck et Rapti Siriwardane-de Zoysa. « Futuring ‘Nusantara’ : Detangling Indonesia’s Modernist Archipelagic Imaginaries ». Dans Ocean Governance, 337–63. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20740-2_15.

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AbstractArchipelagic identities have long patterned Indonesian historic imaginaries, collective memory, and its postcolonial modernist narratives on nation-building. This chapter examines and puts into conversation two distinct and interrelated concepts undergirding archipelagic thinking – ‘Nusantara’ and the lesser studied ‘Tanah Air’ – against speculative visions of Indonesia’s developmental trajectories. These concepts intersect with Indonesia’s aspirational vision as a maritime nation that is to take its place within a regional and globalist paradigm of ocean-centric economic growth. Inspired by critical ocean studies and by drawing on narrative analysis, we begin by considering the paradoxes within Indonesia’s contemporary blue economy growth visions in relation to its older land-based biases in planning and nation-building. In critically engaging with Indonesia’s own oceanic turn towards a blue growth orthodoxy, we consider three aspects of its futuring trajectory, namely industrialization, infrastructural development, and its recent choice of relocating its administrative capital to east Kalimantan. While engaging with paradigmatic land-locked biases and political path dependencies that unwittingly entrench ‘Java-centric’ development, we illustrate how Indonesia’s distinct archipelagic thinking has co-evolved in recent history, and with what cultural resonance for its nation-building vision in the decades to come.
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Mofidi-Nasrabadi, Behzad. « Elam in the Late Bronze Age ». Dans The Oxford History of the Ancient Near East : Volume III, 869–942. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190687601.003.0034.

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From the emergence of the first urban forms of society in the fourth millennium BC to the Achaemenid era, the kingdom of Elam in southwestern Iran played a significant role in the political and cultural landscape of the Middle East. After a period of political dominance of Mesopotamia over Elam in the Ur III period, the country developed into one of the wider region’s most important political and economic powers in the course of the second millennium BC. This development reached its climax in the Late Bronze Age during the so-called Middle Elamite period, when Elam’s political and economic expansion transformed the regional power structures. Such change is characterized by the concentration of power in the person of the king, whose office combined the highest secular position with religious authority. The king’s access and control over resources is reflected by the significant increase in construction activities and the foundation of new settlements, while the demand for further resources resulted in increasing military activities and wars of expansion, which led to the conquest of Mesopotamia in the last phase of the Middle Elamite period. This chapter discusses the current state of understanding of Elam’s chronology and history based on archaeological data and written sources and discusses key aspects of society, state administration, and religious practices.
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Eibl, Ferdinand, Shimaa Hatab et Steffen Hertog. « Political Economy and Development ». Dans The Political Science of the Middle East, 132–55. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197640043.003.0006.

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The MENA region has long presented abundant puzzles for theories of comparative political economy, from high inequality to the seemingly paradoxical effects of oil wealth. The events of the past decade, however, have catalyzed a momentous rethinking in how political institutions and economic development affect one another, making the region a testing ground for new ideas. For instance, contemporary underdevelopment may be path-dependent, the result of centuries-old legal structures and other distant historical causes. Moreover, debates about the role of the state and welfare policies boil down not just to material distributions but to political trade-offs reflecting authoritarian commitments as well—something especially prevalent with the rise of crony capitalism. Finally, the problem of rentier wealth continues to undercut popular assumptions: oil-rich states have not succumbed to instability and conflict as predicted by many political scientists, but their social demands and institutional complexities have also immensely grown.
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« A Brief Political Economy of Energy Subsidies in the Middle East and North Africa ». Dans Combining Economic and Political Development, 58–87. Brill | Nijhoff, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004336452_005.

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« The Political Economy of Distribution in the Middle East : Is There Scope for a New Social Contract ? » Dans Combining Economic and Political Development, 88–113. Brill | Nijhoff, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004336452_006.

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« Historical, Political and Socio-economic Setting of Middle Eastern Development ». Dans Development, Administration and Aid in the Middle East, 17–23. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203388310-8.

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Isik, Mehtap. « Making Innovation Development Policies Work for MENA ». Dans Entrepreneurship and Business Innovation in the Middle East, 74–104. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2066-5.ch005.

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This chapter analyzes the Middle Eastern North African economies' growth prospects and investigates the role of entrepreneurial activities in achieving sustainable economic growth and social development. It explores the existing macroeconomic, political and social characteristics of the region and brings the different literatures together to understand the policy implications of theory and practices. The chapter shows that entrepreneurial activities can cure a lot of problem in the region as long as supported by the central authorities, and the region has a strong potential to be used by the entrepreneurs.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Economic development – Political aspects – Middle East"

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Petrishchev, Vyacheslav. « ETHNO-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF GLOBALIZATION : EXPERIENCE OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES ». Dans Globalistics-2020 : Global issues and the future of humankind. Interregional Social Organization for Assistance of Studying and Promotion the Scientific Heritage of N.D. Kondratieff / ISOASPSH of N.D. Kondratieff, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46865/978-5-901640-33-3-2020-340-349.

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The article deals with the ethno-cultural aspects of globalization on the example of European countries, members of the European Union. The influence of the ethno-cultural factor on political, economic and cultural relations within the EU member-states, between the EU member-states and relations with immigrants from Africa, Asia and the Middle East is shown. The forecast for the further development of the European Union as a major factor of globalization is given.
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Kozhobekov, Muratbek. « Trade and Economic Relations of Early Medieval Kyrgyz State ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01441.

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According to written sources of trade with neighboring countries occupied an important place in the economy of the Kyrgyz State. That would create a successful economy, as well as to meet the needs of consumers the Kyrgyz State established extensive trade links in the Central Asian region. Trading partners of the Kyrgyz in the early middle ages were economic developed countries East and Central Asia. This reflects the fact that the degree of development of the Kyrgyz people related to trading partners. In general terms, the characteristics of the Kyrgyz State trade relations with neighboring countries in the period VII-X centuries. Thus, definition and comparison of different time in bars allow you to re-evaluate the economic and political aspects of the problem components.
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Sharif, Amin, et Hewa Ahmed. « The future of the Saudi Political System in Light of Internal Variables ». Dans REFORM AND POLITICAL CHANGE. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp195-231.

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Saudi Arabia enjoys a privileged position in the Middle East by virtue of its strategic position, and because of its political, economic and religious factors, as the Saudi political system was established in 1744 in accordance with a political-religious agreement between the Al Saud and the religious institution represented by the Wahhabi da'wa (Salafism), and continued to receive its legitimacy and support from it, tribalism also took an important aspect in maturity, and the expansion of the influence of this country until the oil wealth contributed to its development, and strengthened its relations with the outside world, which in turn casts an important aspect of maturity, and the expansion of the influence of this country until the oil wealth contributed to its development, and strengthened its relations with the outside world, which in turn casts an important aspect of maturity. In the importance of future studies that address topics related to Saudi domestic and external affairs, notably the issue of reform. The reform trends in Saudi Arabia coincided with its opening to the world specifically western countries in the early 1990s, and increased elitist and popular calls for reform, as well as a number of structural causes that reinforced the alliance between the political and religious institution that clearly controlled the social, political and civil life of the Kingdom. This study is concerned with the reform process in the Saudi political system by showing the future scenes of that process, and then relying on internal variables, and the study tries in the framework of its problem to answer a key question: where is the Saudi political system going in light of internal variables. The hypothesis of the study in the context of future studies is based on an optimistic scene that supports the success of the reform process in Saudi Arabia, and another pessimistic scene that believes that the political system in the Kingdom will remain the same, if not turn into a worse state than it is now.
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Cui, Weixiang, Li Chen, Chunpeng Wang, Xiwen Zhang et Chao Wang. « CO2 Waterless Fracturing and Huff and Puff in Tight Oil Reservoir ». Dans SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204731-ms.

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Abstract CO2 fracturing technique is a kind of ideal waterless stimulation tech. It has the advantages of water free, low reservoir damage, and production increase by improving the reservoir pressure. At the same time, combined with reasonable shut-in control after fracturing, it can be realized integrated development technology of energy storage -fracturing and oil displacement with CO2 waterless stimulation. For low-grade and low-permeability tight reservoirs, through the integration technology of CO2 fracturing and CO2 flooding, fracture-type "artificial permeability" is formed in the formation, and micro-nano pore throat of underground matrix is formed as oil and gas production system, which realizes the development of artificial energy, reduces carbon emissions, effectively improves the productivity of low-permeability and tight reservoirs, thus further improves oil recovery. The technology mainly includes two aspects: vertical wells adopt CO2 fracturing + huff and puff displacement integration technology, horizontal wells adopt water-based fracturing + CO2 displacement technology, and utilize the high efficiency of CO2 penetration in reservoirs and crude oil viscosity reduction, which can greatly improve oil recovery, while achieving large-scale CO2 storage and reducing carbon emissions. It is both realistic and economic, and has great social benefits. The integrated development technology of energy storage -fracturing and oil displacement with CO2 waterless stimulation has been applied for 10 wells in oilfield, which has achieved good results in increasing reservoir volume, increasing formation energy, reducing oil viscosity and enhancing post-pressure recovery. As a result, the production of them has increased by over 100%. With low viscosity and high diffusion coefficient, supercritical CO2 is good for improving fracturing volume. Effective CO2 fracturing technology can improve stimulated reservoir volume, downhole monitoring results show that the cracks formed by CO2 fracturing is 3 times the size of those formed by water-based fracturing.
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Alsaeedi, Ayesha Ahmed Abdulla Salem, Eduard Latypov, Manar Elabrashy, Mohamed Alzeyoudi, Ammar Al-Ameri, Mohamed Albadi, Ahmed Al Bairaq et al. « Long Term Production Strategy - Application of a Dynamically Integrated Reservoir and Production Model to Identify Compression Requirements and to Address Production Deferral in a Giant Gas Field ». Dans SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204533-ms.

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Abstract There are several operational challenges associated with a gas field producing in recycle or depletion mode, including a reasonable forecast and a robust production strategy planning. The complex reservoir dynamics further demands faster and reasonable analysis and decision-making. This paper discusses an all-inclusive integrated modeling approach to devise a production strategy incorporating the detailed compressor design requirements to ensure that a consistent production-stream is available in the long-term considering technical and economic aspects. The proposed production strategy is a two-fold approach. In the first step, the process utilizes the current reservoir simulation data in the production-forecast model. This history matched model captures the reservoir dynamics such as reservoir pressure decline and accounts for future wells drilling-requirements. However, the detailed production hydraulics in wellbore and surface facilities is not captured in the model. Further, to consider the declining well-performance and facility bottlenecks, integrated analysis is required. So, in the second step, the reservoir simulation model is dynamically integrated to take the input from the production model, encompassing detailed well and surface facility digital twins. The continuous interaction provides a highly reliable production profile that can be used to produce a production strategy of compressor design for the future. A strong interactive user-interface in the digital platform enables the user to configure various what-if scenarios efficiently, considering all anticipated future events and production conditions. The major output of the process was the accurate identification of the pressure-profile at multiple surface facility locations over the course of the production. Using the business-plan, field development strategy, production-profile, and the reservoir simulation output, reliable pressure-profiles were obtained, giving an indication of the declining pressures at gathering manifold over time. A well level production-profile-forecast helped in prioritizing wells for rerouting as well as workover requirements. As an outcome of this study, several manifolds were identified that are susceptible to high-pressure decline caused by declining reservoir pressures. To capture this pressure decline, a compressor mechanism was put in place to transfer the fluid to its delivery point. As this study utilizes several timesteps for the production forecast estimation, flexible routine options are also provided to the engineers to ensure that backpressure is minimized to avoid a larger back pressure on the wells for quick gains. This solution improves the efficiency of the previous approaches that were entirely relying on the reservoir simulation model to capture the pressure decline at the wellhead to forecast the compressor needs. In this methodology, the pressure profile at each node was captured to simulate a real production scenario. This holistic approach is in line with Operator's business plan strategy to identify the needs of external energy-source to avoid production-deferral.
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Haydaroğlu, Ceyhun, et Çağdaş Zarplı. « Is Eurasia Energy Association Possible ? » Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c01.00140.

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The end of the Soviet hegemony over the Eurasia region after the dissolution of Soviet Union and the terrorist attacks targeting the USA in 11 September 2001, posed a threat for energy transfer. In addition to these, the instable situation in the Middle East brings forward the search for the alternate energy sources. The interest in the energy issue was directed to Eurasia from Middle East. The integration attempts such as energy association between the countries in the Eurasia region, lead up to utilize the resources they have more productively and economic development by promoting the trade within the region. The solution seeking of the countries in Eurasia to the problems in the region and the survival attempts in the growing global competition gave cause for the necessity to make regional cooperation agreements between countries in the region. Considering the fact that the nations in the Eurasia should utilize the resources in the Eurasia in spite of the fact that the USA uses force, the local constituent of Eurasia began to respond. In this context, the object of the study is to develop a point of view for establishing Eurasia Energy Association by discussing the possibility of the integration attempts in the region in a political and economic sense. Solutions will be offered in the following steps with a situation analysis of political and economic conditions necessary for establishing a Eurasia Energy Association, obstacles to establish the desired energy association in the Eurasia region and the encouraging facts.
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Alagöz, Mehmet, Selahattin Sarı et Ahmet Ay. « The Developing Economical Power Uzbekistan with Macroeconomic Indicators ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02184.

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Each country aims a prosperous life standard, and therefore follows socio-economical policies. The consequences of the policies determine their level of growth. There are many indications that show the level of their growth. In 1991, having declared its independence, Uzbekistan has undertaken the role of being a key country in Middle East with its rich cultural values, deep-rooted history, geopolitical location, and its economical potential. In addition, there have been several prominent factors which contribute country's level of growth such as cheap labor, high farming potential, and rich natural resources like oil and gas. In this study, the development of selected macro socio-economic values of Uzbekistan between 1991 and 2016 will be analyzed, and there will be economical and political suggestions for the future.
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Vicini, Fabio. « GÜLEN’S RETHINKING OF ISLAMIC PATTERN AND ITS SOCIO-POLITICAL EFFECTS ». Dans Muslim World in Transition : Contributions of the Gülen Movement. Leeds Metropolitan University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55207/gbfn9600.

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Over recent decades Islamic traditions have emerged in new forms in different parts of the Muslim world, interacting differently with secular and neo-liberal patterns of thought and action. In Turkey Fethullah Gülen’s community has been a powerful player in the national debate about the place of Islam in individual and collective life. Through emphasis on the im- portance of ‘secular education’ and a commitment to the defence of both democratic princi- ples and international human rights, Gülen has diffused a new and appealing version of how a ‘good Muslim’ should act in contemporary society. In particular he has defended the role of Islam in the formation of individuals as ethically-responsible moral subjects, a project that overlaps significantly with the ‘secular’ one of forming responsible citizens. Concomitantly, he has shifted the Sufi emphasis on self-discipline/self-denial towards an active, socially- oriented service of others – a form of religious effort that implies a strongly ‘secular’ faith in the human ability to make this world better. This paper looks at the lives of some members of the community to show how this pattern of conduct has affected them. They say that teaching and learning ‘secular’ scientific subjects, combined with total dedication to the project of the movement, constitute, for them, ways to accomplish Islamic deeds and come closer to God. This leads to a consideration of how such a rethinking of Islamic activism has influenced po- litical and sociological transition in Turkey, and a discussion of the potential contribution of the movement towards the development of a more human society in contemporary Europe. From the 1920s onwards, in the context offered by the decline and collapse of the Ottoman Empire, Islamic thinkers, associations and social movements have proliferated their efforts in order to suggest ways to live a good “Muslim life” under newly emerging conditions. Prior to this period, different generations of Muslim Reformers had already argued the compat- ibility of Islam with reason and “modernity”, claiming for the need to renew Islamic tradition recurring to ijtihad. Yet until the end of the XIX century, traditional educational systems, public forms of Islam and models of government had not been dismissed. Only with the dismantlement of the Empire and the constitution of national governments in its different regions, Islamic intellectuals had to face the problem of arranging new patterns of action for Muslim people. With the establishment of multiple nation-states in the so-called Middle East, Islamic intel- lectuals had to cope with secular conceptions about the subject and its place and space for action in society. They had to come to terms with the definitive affirmation of secularism and the consequent process of reconfiguration of local sensibilities, forms of social organisation, and modes of action. As a consequence of these processes, Islamic thinkers started to place emphasis over believers’ individual choice and responsibility both in maintaining an Islamic conduct daily and in realising the values of Islamic society. While under the Ottoman rule to be part of the Islamic ummah was considered an implicit consequence of being a subject of the empire. Not many scientific works have looked at contemporary forms of Islam from this perspective. Usually Islamic instances are considered the outcome of an enduring and unchanging tradition, which try to reproduce itself in opposition to outer-imposed secular practices. Rarely present-day forms of Islamic reasoning and practice have been considered as the result of a process of adjustment to new styles of governance under the modern state. Instead, I argue that new Islamic patterns of action depend on a history of practical and conceptual revision they undertake under different and locally specific versions of secularism. From this perspective I will deal with the specific case of Fethullah Gülen, the head of one of the most famous and influent “renewalist” Islamic movements of contemporary Turkey. From the 1980s this Islamic leader has been able to weave a powerful network of invisible social ties from which he gets both economic and cultural capital. Yet what interests me most in this paper, is that with his open-minded and moderate arguments, Gülen has inspired many people in Turkey to live Islam in a new way. Recurring to ijtihad and drawing from secular epistemology specific ideas about moral agency, he has proposed to a wide public a very at- tractive path for being “good Muslims” in their daily conduct. After an introductive explanation of the movement’s project and of the ideas on which it is based, my aim will be to focus on such a pattern of action. Particular attention will be dedi- cated to Gülen’s conception of a “good Muslim” as a morally-guided agent, because such a conception reveals underneath secular ideas on both responsibility and moral agency. These considerations will constitute the basis from which we can look at the transformation of Islam – and more generally of “the religion” – in the contemporary world. Then a part will be dedicated to defining the specificity of Gülen’s proposal, which will be compared with that of other Islamic revivalist movements in other contexts. Some common point between them will merge from this comparison. Both indeed use the concept of respon- sibility in order to push subjects to actively engage in reviving Islam. Yet, on the other hand, I will show how Gülen’s followers distinguish themselves by the fact their commitment pos- sesses a socially-oriented and reformist character. Finally I will consider the proximity of Gülen’s conceptualisation of moral agency with that the modern state has organised around the idea of “civic virtues”. I argue Gülen’s recall for taking responsibility of social moral decline is a way of charging his followers with a similar burden the modern state has charged its citizens. Thus I suggest the Islamic leader’s pro- posal can be seen as the tentative of supporting the modernity project by defining a new and specific space to Islam and religion into it. This proposal opens the possibility of new and interesting forms of interconnection between secular ideas of modernity and the so-called “Islamic” ones. At the same time I think it sheds a new light over contemporary “renewalist” movements, which can be considered a concrete proposal about how to realise, in a different background, modern forms of governance by reconsidering their moral basis.
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Khan, Sara Hasrat, Arit Igogo, Christoph Lehmann, Hani Al Sahn, Aysha Al Hamedi, Moza Abdelrahman Mohamed, Huda Al Kaabi et al. « Bitumen Characterization and Modelling to Assess Impact on Reservoir Development Scenarios for CO2WAG Mechanism ». Dans SPE Reservoir Characterisation and Simulation Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212674-ms.

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Abstract The need for higher oil recoveries and longer production plateaus have led to the large scale implementation of Enhance Oil Recovery mechanisms across carbonate reservoirs in the world, especially in brown fields. The success of these mechanisms relies heavily on the accurate description of geological phenomenon and their characterization in static models. This paper summarizes the challenges of successful development of a mature, highly heterogeneous carbonate reservoir in a brown field in the Middle East with presence of Bitumen in the reservoir intervals, using CO2WAG mechanism. This paper discusses different aspects of Bitumen characterization, beginning with a brief summary of the geological concept behind the preferential Bitumen accumulation within highly cemented intervals using high resolution core & thin section descriptions in the area. The lateral distribution of these intervals was then mapped by integrating core, signatures from logs (reduced porosity), high seismic amplitude signatures in 3D volume and production/injection data from nearby development wells. To capture this phenomenon in the static models, Bitumen was modeled as a discrete property guided by the geological concept. The porosity model includes the impact of Bitumen as the logs capture the degradation. The permeability model was modified by reducing the permeability in cells with Bitumen with a multiplier, since core RCA is subject to cleaning which may result in non-representative measurements. The major findings & conclusions of the project are attributed to the detailed appraisal campaign in this area of the field with focus on identifying and refining presence & distribution of Bitumen using nuclear magnetic resonance logs. MDT data with Vertical interference tests at points above and below the Bitumen confirm no communication. This has impacted the placement of wells within Bitumen area, since CO2WAG mechanism relies on sweep from upward rising CO2 plume which is obstructed by presence of heavy continuous Bitumen accumulations. Improved saturation distribution in models is achieved by using dielectric saturation logs, which results in reduced uncertainty for STOOIP quantification within Bitumen rich regions of the field. An injector-producer pair of Early Production Scheme wells is planned in which will confirm performance with current placement scenarios based on above understanding of Bitumen. The case study identifies and significantly demonstrates the impact of geological phenomenon on the recovery & sweep efficiency of CO2WAG mechanism. Development scenarios must consider the inherent reservoir complexities that are recognized by detailed geological studies, in order to provide representative forecasts that in turn influence the economic viability of the project.
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