Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Eco-friendly support »

In pursuing innovation, eco-friendly deliberate practice will inevitably elevate eco-innovation performance without creative self-efficacy and perceived eco-innovation importance to organizations. This eco-friendly deliberate practice–eco-innovation link is essential because it extends current thinking, treating creative self-efficacy as a causal mechanism and perceived eco-innovation importance as the magnifier of eco-innovation performance. Anchored in social cognitive theory, this study aims to investigate the role of eco-friendly deliberate practice in fueling eco-innovation performance through the mediating role of creative self-efficacy and the moderating role of perceived eco-innovation importance. This study collected 367 responses from the service employees in tourism firms in Pakistan using a time-lagged, i.e., three-wave, research design. The authors analyzed data using a variance-based structural equation model processed in SmartPLS (v 4.0). The findings support the hypothesized relationships, for example, that eco-friendly deliberate practice has a significant positive relationship with eco-innovation performance. In addition, creative self-efficacy significantly mediates the association between eco-friendly deliberate practice and eco-innovation performance. Besides, employees’ perceived eco-innovation importance moderates the eco-friendly deliberate practice–eco-innovation link, such that at high(low) levels of perceived eco-innovation importance, the relationship between eco-friendly deliberate practice and eco-innovation performance is more(less) pronounced. The study examines a hitherto unexplored moderated mediation model to explain under which conditions eco-friendly deliberate practice promotes eco-innovation performance through creative self-efficacy and perceived eco-innovation importance.

Abstract The significant increase of population, especially in Indonesia, has an impact on consumption per capita. This phenomenon causes a domino effect on the environment quality. Concern and awareness of consumers towards the environment is important, one alternative that can be done to protect the environment is to use environmentally friendly (eco-friendly) product. Eco-friendly products are currently marked with an eco-label affixed to a product, which indicates that a product is produced with due regard to the principles of environmental sustainability. This study aimed to identify and analysed implementation of eco-label certification on eco-friendly products in Indonesia. This research is based on a literature study of the current implementation of eco-label certification on eco-friendly products. Furthermore, the results showed that various types of eco-label certification have been developed for eco-friendly products in Indonesia. The implementation of eco-label certification has been carried out on several products; generally eco-label certification uses the 14000 series standard as a reference in conducting certification. Eco-label certification is expected to support the goals of the Government of Indonesia in sustainable development. In addition, the trend of demand for eco-friendly products by global consumers will certainly provide competitiveness for Indonesian products while still paying attention to environmental sustainability.

Purpose –Consumers are becoming progressively aware of the significance of eco-friendly activities, and their environmental consciousness drives them to consume eco-friendly products and services more, and prefer to support organisations that favor conservational practices. Increased environmental impacts bring a rise in concerns locally and globally, on sustainability issues aimed at reducing non-conservative consumption patterns. Retail organisations are increasingly developing and marketing eco-friendly retail products to promote sustainable, eco-friendly consumption patterns. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between eco-friendly retail product attributes and South African consumers’ eco-friendly product repurchase intentions.Design/methodology/approach – A survey approach was employed involving 241 consumers in Southern Gauteng. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation analysis were conducted respectively to test the reliability and validity of the scales as well as the proposed hypotheses.Research findings– Retail product consumers’ response to the attributes of eco-friendly products is still important in predicting their eco-friendly product repurchase intentions. South African consumers’ eco-friendly attributes moderate their environmental sensitivity, hence their repurchase intentions.Practical implications – It is not enough to retailers and wholesalers to promote sustainable and recyclable packaging materials. They must also improve eco-friendly product-related attributes to satisfy consumer needs better, and should be cautious in the direct and moderating effect of eco-friendly customer-related attributes in devising marketing plans to promote eco-friendly products.Originality/value – The paper contributes to research by advancing understanding of how consumers make their repurchase intentions of eco-friendly retail products, providing retailers with managerial insights. The paper also presents limitations and directions for future research.

This aim of the study investigates the correlation of perceived innovation, service innovation and green perceived value on eco-friendly products, to improve customer decision of product with moderation of sex and educational background. The study of eco-friendly product has been common in the world. Indonesia is a country which is not very good at circulation of eco-friendly product. The study is conducted with focuses on eco-friendly products; through experiment survey to customer who has bought eco-friendly products in Bandung city. The research found that perceived innovation, service innovation and green perceived value have correlation. However green perceived value as based of purchase decision of customer can only be improved by perceived innovation of eco-friendly products. Furthermore, sex and customer’s educational background can truly support the correlation of perceived innovation with green perceived value of customer. This research finding explained how important perceived innovation supported by the characteristics (sex, educational background) of customers.

This research compares the eco-friendly habits of Hispanics to the general population based upon self reported activities by residents of California. The findings indicate that Hispanics are participating in eco-friendly activities, which include recycling, buying eco-friendly products, using fewer natural resources, and support green causes. However, they are more likely to only participate in a few of these activities, primarily those around the home and those requiring less personal commitment in time and money. There is a gap between the general population and the Hispanic population where it relates to the sales of green products and services. This discovery represents an opportunity for a call to action to the 50 million United States Hispanic residents on the topics of recycling, natural products and services and causes.

Abstract A climate-resilient and eco-friendly maritime transport is the key to sustainable development. In response to the Paris Climate Accord, the International Maritime Organization has adopted strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships by ~50% by 2050, compared to levels reported in 2008. The article reviews the ongoing efforts toward achieving clean, safe, and efficient marine transport. The transformation pathway requires sustained innovation, investment, and policy support in economic production and reliable supply for ammonia and hydrogen fuels, battery-based hybrid power systems for support vessels, artificial intelligence-enabled autonomous ships, energy-efficient and low-noise ship design, and improved operational planning.

A captivating challenge for environmental catalysis is nowadays the rational design of efficient catalysts able to take on the new challenges in energy, economy, and environment sustainability of industrial processes. A catalytic structure must be developed so as to be active, stable, resistant, when working in the presence of poisons (e.g., water, sulphur), but also easily to handle and manage, non-toxic, biocompatible and bioavailable in the view of environment sustainability and circular economy. In this scenario, hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) has emerged as bio-material characterized by interesting properties (e.g., thermal/chemical stability, low water solubility, modest morphological properties, and intrinsic amphotericity of surface), which make it a promising support for active metal phases (e.g., Cu, Fe, Mn, Sn), giving rise to heterogeneous catalysts for reactions of industrial chemistry and environment protection. The main scope of this Thesis under the joint supervision between Università degli Studi di Milano (Italy) and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (France) is to develop eco-friendly HAP-based catalysts for environmental reactions devoted to the abatement of nitrogen-containing air pollutants (NOx, NH3, and N2O). During three years of work a commercial bare HAP, coming from the NOVOSOL® process (patented procedure by Solvay), has been at first characterized to assess its applicability as support for innovative eco-friendly catalysts for air-quality protection. The used hydroxyapatite was proven to be a mesoporous, crystalline material characterized by good thermal and chemical stability. Considering that HAP possesses a multifunctional surface, whose acid and basic sites may act as anchoring centres for the immobilization of metal species, it has been properly functionalized with selected metal species, in particular Cu(II) and/or Fe(III), from nitrate precursors in different amount (1 < wt.% Me < 13), according to a wet deposition procedure (contact time of 15 min, 24 h, or 48 h, T = 40°C, calcination at 500°C for 1 h), already reported in previous studies. In this way, different series of metal loaded HAP-catalysts (mono- and bi-metallic) have been obtained, varying some parameters (i.e., metal loading, pH of the Fe-precursor solution, and time of contact between the bare HAP support and the aqueous metal solution) during the preparation. Morphology, structure, acidity, metal speciation and sitting at the HAP surface have been studied through targeted physico-chemical techniques (e.g., N2-physisorption, XRPD, NH3-titration, UV-DR, Mӧssbauer, XP, and EXAFS spectroscopies, CO adsorption at -196°C followed by FT-IR, TEM-EDX) to elucidate the main bulk and surface properties. In general, a complex scenario emerged. The copper- and/or iron-introduction onto HAP did not cause evident modifications in the sample morphology, independently on the metal nature and loading. All the samples were described by mesoporosity and only minor microporosity: they were characterized by surface area values in 60-95 m2·g-1 interval, according to the N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms collected at -196°C. Concerning copper-HAP samples, UV-DRS results indicated that the copper-phase was present in highly dispersed and isolated ions/small nanoclusters onto HAP. However, when the Cu-concentration onto HAP was higher than 6 wt.%, copper-species additionally reacted with phosphate groups at the HAP surface, giving rise to a further Cu-containing crystalline phase (libethenite, JCPDS: 00-036-0404), revealed by XRPD and TEM-EDX. Regarding iron-HAP samples, UV-DRS, Mössbauer and XPS results indicated that both isolated and aggregated Fe-species were present on all the catalyst surfaces. Eventually, the bimetallic samples were characterized by a higher dispersion of metal species than the monometallic counterparts, as revealed by NH3-titrations, TEM-EDX, and XPS analyses. Three environmental reactions have been then selected to abate NOx, NH3, and N2O: NH3-SCR, Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx by NH3, NH3-SCO, Selective Catalytic Oxidation of NH3, and the catalytic N2O-decomposition reaction. Catalytic tests have been performed in continuous reaction lines equipped with flow reactor and inline instruments (FT-IR and µ-GC) for quantitative analysis of fed/vented gaseous species. The catalytic performances have been studied under ideal and quasi-real feeding, also evaluating the time-on-stream stability, reusability and the resistance to some poisoning species (e.g., sulphur dioxide, alkaline species) of selected samples. Copper-HAP samples have been studied in the NH3-SCR and the N2O-decomposition reaction. The observed catalytic performances under ideal- and quasi-real feeding mixtures suggested that the SCR activity was driven by the Cu-dispersion, as reported for Cu-zeolites. However, the studied Cu-HAP samples were less active than conventional Cu-based systems, even if selectivity to the desired N2 higher than 93% was obtained in the whole temperature range studied. Considering that N2O could be obtained as the undesired by-product due to the unselective NH3 oxidation by O2 for temperatures higher than 400°C in the NH3-SCR, Cu-HAP samples have been additionally studied in the N2O decomposition reaction in the view of their potential use for reducing N2O emissions in post-treatment approaches. The obtained results indicated that Cu-HAP samples can be valid alternatives to some conventional catalytic systems because they require ca. 450°C to efficiently decompose N2O. Differently from what observed in the NH3-SCR, here the catalytic activity was governed by the Cu-Cu distance, according to the reaction mechanism known for Cu-zeolites. Indeed, the most active catalyst possessed dispersed copper-species together with small Cu-aggregates, providing the ideal active sites with the optimal Cu-Cu distance. Iron-HAP catalysts have been tested in the NH3-SCR, NH3-SCO, and N2O-decomposition reactions. They showed modest catalytic performances in the studied reactions, but they remained less active than commercial Fe-based systems. However, they have been studied to evaluate their potentialities for the abatement of gaseous pollutants among the worst of our environment. The obtained results indicated that the studied environmental reactions could be also performed in a single cascade process to achieve the desired zero-emissions goal. For the cascade process, the most promising catalyst among those studied is at an average concentration of Fe (about 6–9 wt.%), to guarantee a surface composed of isolated Fe3+ ions or oligonuclear species that ensure good activity with an equally good selectivity. Eventually, bimetallic copper iron-HAP catalysts have been studied in the NH3-SCR reaction. The obtained results indicated that they were active under both dry/wet feeding, even if they remained less active than conventional bimetallic zeolites. Their activity seemed to be governed by the total metal dispersion, even if, when the catalytic performances of the bimetallic samples were compared with those of the monometallic counterparts, no clear trend of activity was identified due to the fact that the metal-phase could experience different environment, if present alone onto HAP or copresent with another one. To cut a long story short, results obtained in this Thesis enlightened the potential use of hydroxyapatite as promising eco-friendly support for environmental reactions devoted to the abatement of nitrogen-containing air pollutants (NOx, NH3, and N2O). Even if the obtained copper and/or iron hydroxyapatite-based catalysts are not as performant as the commercial catalytic systems, it seems that the suitable route to obtain ever more active and effective HAP-based catalysts is the suitable control of the surface metal distribution onto HAP that is not an easy task. In this context, also in accordance with the positive effects of these innovative HAP-based catalysts on the environment, current investigations are ongoing to develop ever more effective sustainable catalysts for air-quality protection.
Aujourd'hui un défi captivant pour la catalyse environnementale est la conception rationnelle de catalyseurs efficaces capables de relever les nouveaux défis en matière de durabilité énergétique, économique et environnementale des procédés industriels. Une structure catalytique doit être développée de manière à être active, stable, résistante, lorsqu'on travaille en présence de poisons (ex. eau, soufre), mais aussi facilement manipulable et maniable, non toxique, biocompatible et biodisponible dans l'optique de durabilité de l'environnement et économie circulaire. Dans ce scénario, l'hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) est apparue comme un biomatériau caractérisé par des propriétés intéressantes (par exemple, stabilité thermique/chimique, faible solubilité dans l'eau, faibles propriétés morphologiques), qui en font un support prometteur pour les phases métalliques actives (ex. Cu, Fe, Mn, Sn), donnant naissance à des catalyseurs hétérogènes pour les réactions de chimie industrielle et de protection de l'environnement. Le principal objectif de cette thèse en cotutelle entre l'Università degli Studi di Milano (Italie) et l'Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (France) a été de développer des catalyseurs écologiques à base d’HAP pour les réactions environnementales consacrées à la réduction de polluants de l'air contenant de l'azote (NOx, NH3 et N2O). Pendant trois ans de travail, une HAP commerciale, issue du procédé NOVOSOL® (procédé breveté par Solvay), a d'abord été caractérisée pour évaluer son applicabilité comme support de catalyseurs innovants et respectueux de l'environnement pour la protection de la qualité de l'air. L'hydroxyapatite utilisée s'est avérée être un matériau cristallin et mésoporeux caractérisé par une bonne stabilité thermique et chimique. Considérant que l’HAP possède une surface multifonctionnelle, dont les sites acides et basiques peuvent servir de centre d'ancrage pour l'immobilisation d'espèces métalliques, elle a été correctement fonctionnalisée avec des espèces métalliques sélectionnées, en particulier Cu(II) et/ou Fe(III), à partir de précurseurs de nitrate en quantité différente (1 < wt.% Me < 13), selon une procédure de dépôt par voie humide (temps de contact de 15 min, 24 h ou 48 h, T = 40°C, calcination à 500°C pendant 1 h), déjà rapporté dans de précédentes études. De cette manière, différentes séries de catalyseurs à base d’HAP chargés en métal (mono- et bi-métalliques) ont été préparés, en faisant varier les paramètres suivants: charge en métal, pH de la solution de fer, temps de contact entre le support HAP et la solution précurseur métallique. La morphologie, la structure, l'acidité, la spéciation des métaux et la fonctionalisation à la surface du HAP ont été étudiées par les techniques physico-chimiques suivantes: physisorption d’N2, XRPD, titrage par NH3, spectroscopies UV-DR, Mӧssbauer, XP et EXAFS, adsorption de CO à -196°C suivi par FT-IR et TEM-EDX afin de relier les performances catalytiques aux propriétés texturales, structurales et chimiques des solides préparés. De manière générale, les résultats montrent que l'introduction de cuivre et/ou de fer sur l’HAP ne provoque pas de modifications majeures dans la morphologie des échantillons, indépendamment de la nature du métal et de la charge. Tous les échantillons présentent des isothermes de type mésoporeux avec la présence au début de l’isotherme d’un faible volume microporeux. Les surfaces spécifiques calculées à partir du modèle BET varient entre 60 et 95 m2·g-1. En ce qui concerne les échantillons de cuivre-HAP, les résultats UV-DRS montrent que la phase de cuivre est présente sous de nanoclusters ioniques très bien dispersés et isolés sur l’HAP. Cependant, lorsque la masse de Cu sur l’HAP est supérieure à 6 %, les espèces de cuivre réagisse également avec les groupes phosphate de surface, donnant naissance à une autre phase cristalline contenant du Cu (libethenite, JCPDS: 00-036-0404), détectée par XRPD et TEM-EDX. En ce qui concerne les échantillons de Fe-HAP, les résultats UV-DRS, Mössbauer et XPS montrent que des espèces de Fe isolées et agrégées sont présentes à la surface des catalyseurs. Concernant la caractérisation des systèmes bimétalliques, les résultats montrent une dispersion plus élevée des espèces métalliques que sur les systèmes monométalliques, confirmé par des titrages par NH3 et les analyses TEM-EDX et XPS. Trois réactions environnementales ont ensuite été sélectionnées pour réduire les NOx, NH3 et N2O: la réduction catalytique sélective des NOx par NH3 (NH3-SCR), l’oxydation catalytique sélective d’NH3 (NH3-SCO), et la réaction de décomposition catalytique de l’N2O. Les tests catalytiques ont été effectués en réacteur continu équipé d'un réacteur à lit fixe et d'outils analytiques en ligne (FT-IR et µ-GC) pour l'analyse quantitative des espèces gazeuses alimentées/éventées. Les performances catalytiques ont été étudiées dans des conditions d'alimentation modéles et/ou quasi-réelles, évaluant également la stabilité, la réutilisabilité et la résistance à certaines espèces empoisonnantes (par exemple, le dioxyde de soufre, les espèces alcalines) des échantillons sélectionnés. Les échantillons de cuivre-HAP ont été étudiés dans la NH3-SCR et la réaction de décomposition de l’N2O. Les performances catalytiques observées montrent que l'activité SCR est sensible à la dispersion de Cu, comme indiqué pour les zéolithes de Cu. Cependant, les échantillons de Cu-HAP étudiés se sont révélés moins actifs que les échantillons à base de Cu conventionnels, même si une sélectivité en N2 supérieure à 93% a été obtenue dans toute la gamme de température étudiée. Considérant que le protoxyde d’azote (N2O) peut être formé en tant que sous-produit indésirable en raison de l'oxydation non sélective du NH3 par l'O2 pour des températures supérieures à 400 °C dans la NH3-SCR, des échantillons de Cu-HAP ont également été étudiés dans la réaction de décomposition de N2O en vue de leur utilisation potentielle pour prévenir la formation de N2O dans les systèmes de post-traitement. Les résultats obtenus ont indiqué que les échantillons de Cu-HAP peuvent être des alternatives valables à certains systèmes catalytiques conventionnels car ils nécessitent env. 450°C pour décomposer efficacement N2O. Contrairement à ce qui a été observé dans la NH3-SCR, ici l'activité catalytique était régie par la distance entre deux atomes de cuivre (Cu-Cu), selon le mécanisme de réaction connu pour les zéolithes Cu.8 En effet, le catalyseur le plus actif posséde des espèces de cuivre dispersées avec de petites quantités de Cu agrégées, qui permet d’obtenir une optimisation de la distance Cu-Cu. Les catalyseurs Fe-HAP ont été testés dans les réactions de NH3-SCR, de NH3-SCO et de décomposition d’N2O. Ils ont montré des performances catalytiques modestes dans les réactions étudiées, mais ils sont restés moins actifs que les systèmes commerciaux à base de Fe. Cependant, ils ont été étudiés pour évaluer leurs potentialités pour l'abattement des polluants gazeux parmi les pires de notre environnement. Les résultats obtenus ont indiqué que les réactions environnementales étudiées pouvaient également être effectuées dans un processus en cascade unique pour atteindre l'objectif de zéro émissions. Pour le procédé en cascade, le catalyseur le plus prometteur parmi ceux étudiés présente une concentration moyenne en Fe d’environ 6 à 9 % en poids, générant une surface composée d’ions Fe3+ isolés et d'espèces oligonucléaires assurant une bonne activité et une excellente sélectivité. Finalement, les catalyseurs bimétalliques Cu-Fe-HAP ont été testés dans la réaction de NH3-SCR. Les résultats obtenus indiquent qu'ils sont actifs en absence et en présence de vapeur d’eau dans le milieu réactionnel, même si ils restent moins actifs que les zéolithes bimétalliques conventionnelles. Leur activité semble être gouvernée par la dispersion métallique totale, même si, lorsque les performances catalytiques des échantillons bimétalliques ont été comparés à ceux des homologues monométalliques, aucune tendance claire de l'activité n'a été identifiée en raison du fait que la phase métallique présente un environnement différent (monométallique ou bimétallique). Les résultats obtenus dans ce travail de thèse ont permis de valider le potentiel de l’hydroxyapatite en tant que support écologique prometteur pour les applications dans le domaine de la chimie environnementale et notamment le cas de la réduction des polluants atmosphériques contenant de l'azote (NOx, NH3 et N2O). Même si les catalyseurs à base d'hydroxyapatite de cuivre et/ou de fer obtenus ne sont pas aussi performants que les systèmes catalytiques commerciaux, il semble que la voie appropriée pour obtenir des catalyseurs à base d’HAP toujours plus actifs et efficaces requiert un contrôle précis de la distribution des métaux en surface. Ce n'est pas une tâche facile. Dans ce contexte, également en accord avec les effets positifs de ces catalyseurs innovants à base d’HAP sur l'environnement, des recherches sont en cours pour développer des catalyseurs durables toujours plus efficaces pour la protection de la qualité de l'air.

Research object: Farms producing ecological production, participating in “Agrarian environment protection” instrumentality ecological farming programme of Plan for Rural Development for 2004–2006 year. Research subject: impact of European Union Compensatory Support for Ecological Farming. Research aim: to evaluate influence of European Union Compensatory Support for Ecological Farming development. Objectives: 1. To sift condition of Ecological Farming and support amount till membership in European Union. 2. To sift Ecological Farming development potentiality after membership in European Union and changes in amount of European Union Compensatory Support. 3. To evaluate influence of European Union Compensatory Support for Ecological Farming development during first year of membership in European Union. Research methods: to sift influence of European Union Compensatory Support for Ecological Farming development nonfiction analysis, statistical analysis, comparative analysis, logical abstract, monographic, graphical depiction and other research methods were used. Using support, emerge possibility to develop production for domestic demand and to integrate it into the common market of Europe Union. Purpose of the Ecological Farming support is that major part of Lithuanian Agriculture became orientated to the sparing, harmonious with environment and human farming.

碩士
銘傳大學
觀光事業學系碩士在職專班
102
Flying with an airplane has been one of the most frequently used means of transportation for sightseeing and business travelers to take since the technology invention. Along with the rapid development of economy, industry, and tourism, the need for air transportation arises unceasingly. Comparatively speaking, the damage and interference to the environment that come with airline business, which include the earth and atmosphere pollution , discard produced from the operating airplanes, and the waste of resources, all let the environmental protection consumers and organizations have attached great importance on. In recent years, all major airlines have begun to pay more attention on environmental protection issues and carry out some eco-friendly projects one after another to assume the social responsibility and enhance the public corporate image. In order to realize to what degree that the domestic consumers will support airline environmental friendly services, this research takes China Airlines as the study subject--- the major domestic airlines adopting most energy efficiency and environmental protection measures and services. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a correlation between the degree of an individual''s environmental consciousness and that same individual''s cognition of the airline''s environmental services.The study also sought to determine if there was a correlation between the public''s cognition of the airline''s environmental services and support for those same services. There were four major sections in the questionnaire: demographic, consumers'' environmental consciousness, consumers'' environmental services cognition toward the airline and the consumers support the airline''s environmental Eco-friendly measurement .The questionnaires were distributed to the customers taking China airline from Taipei to Frankfort and Vienna.The results showed a significant correlation between an individual''s environmental consciousness,cognition of the airline''s environmental services, and support for the airline''s environmental services. By regression analysis it was shown that cognition of the airline''s environmental services mediates support for those services from people with environmental consciousness. The study suggests that airlines should develop strategies to improve environmental-friendly services and that this should be highlighted in the airlines'' marketing strategy

The textbook considers the issue of assessing the heat and humidity state of air in the processes of its processing in various systems, provides requirements for air protection means, taking into account their environmental friendliness, shows ways of energy saving in cooling, heating and year-round air conditioning systems, as well as when protecting the atmosphere from harmful emissions. The way of energy saving with individual thermal protection of the operator by means of local cooling during air treatment in an irrigated intensified nozzle is shown and recommendations for reducing its material consumption are developed. The method and means of reducing the toxicity of emissions of tractor internal combustion engines during its operation in rooms of limited volume by water vapor humidification of the fuel-air mixture are demonstrated. The ways of noise reduction of air protection systems are shown. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for students studying in the specialties "Ground transport and technical means", "Operation of transport and technological machines and complexes", "Power engineering", "Ground transport and technological complexes", "Refrigeration, cryogenic equipment and life support systems", "Technosphere safety", "Ecology and nature management".

AbstractThere is no shortage of terms—collaborative economy, sharing economy or cognitive capitalism—to describe the new work practices brought about by the spreading digital economy. The French ‘Third place’ movement, reuniting diverse collaborative workplaces, has been claiming the search for more sustainable ways of living as a goal. Recently, numerous public funding programmes have been deployed to support such places. This chapter focusses on coworking spaces and their users to unfold energy consumption discourses and practices of coworkers, based on a survey conducted during 2017–2020 in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It demonstrates lack of awareness of the ‘hidden energies’ of work digitalisation. Though most coworkers display eco-friendly values, attitudes towards digital technology reflect divergences within the forms of appropriation of norms of transition towards sustainability.

The emergence of easy mapping tools, widespread cellular network, declining costs of smartphones and increasing internet use by public agencies provide new opportunities towards the betterment of public transport management. Applying decision support systems such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to public transportation tailors transit services to urban dwellers' needs, reducing eco-footprint while making them more accessible. This chapter aims to explore how GIS and ICT can be used for more eco-friendly public transport and improved sense of community. The chapter posits the positive impact of mobile phones and social media towards sustainable mobility. Multi-modal journey planners, mobile bus ticketing, demand responsive transit systems, eco-taxis, electric car and bicycle sharing are explained with examples from the world. The chapter concludes with a discussion of challenges and future options for using smartphones, social networking and the position of disadvantaged groups in sustainable mobility.

The emergence of easy mapping tools, widespread cellular network, declining costs of smartphones and increasing internet use by public agencies provide new opportunities towards the betterment of public transport management. Applying decision support systems such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to public transportation tailors transit services to urban dwellers' needs, reducing eco-footprint while making them more accessible. This chapter aims to explore how GIS and ICT can be used for more eco-friendly public transport and improved sense of community. The chapter posits the positive impact of mobile phones and social media towards sustainable mobility. Multi-modal journey planners, mobile bus ticketing, demand responsive transit systems, eco-taxis, electric car and bicycle sharing are explained with examples from the world. The chapter concludes with a discussion of challenges and future options for using smartphones, social networking and the position of disadvantaged groups in sustainable mobility.

With the international trend of promoting eco-friendly renewable energy for carbon neutrality and the Paris Agreement, South Korea is focusing its national energy mix on renewable energy. Especially, offshore wind energy will be expanded a total power capacity of 12 GW by 2030, which is expected to become South Korea’s most important energy source and industrial dynamic force in the future. With the support of the Korean government, many domestic and foreign developers are taking the lead in developing fixed/floating offshore wind energy projects and O&M technology. Through this chapter, we would like to introduce the current status of offshore wind energy in the South Korea, support policies, infrastructure, and issues up to the first quarter of 2022.

The goal of sustainable development through the product innovation is a global challenge that Academia and Industries are addressing. The regulatory pressure and the growing demand of eco-friendly products by consumers are two of its main drivers, especially in the household appliances sector. For this aim, manufactures need to change the design approach in order to extend the boundaries of the benchmark analysis of possible innovations: (i) multi-objective criteria should be taken into account such as the environmental issues, costs, technical performances, etc., and (ii) a life cycle thinking has to be adopted to consider long terms benefits or impacts. However, the literature highlights the lack of structured methods able to support the R&D activity according to these perspectives. For this aim, the present paper provides a systematic approach, which exploits lifecycle and innovation tools to effectively support designers in the development of sustainable solutions in a long term perspective. The proposed approach has been applied in real case study to increase the energy efficiency of a domestic refrigerator. In particular, the insulation module has been redesigned by comparing several alternatives in terms of environmental performances and costs over the product lifespan to effectively evaluate the consistency of the developed eco-innovations.

Nowadays in many industrial applications, i.e. electrical household appliances, it is necessary to have a robust and safe control for some variables involved in the analysis of the performances of different products. In addition, the recent eco-design directives require products increasingly eco-friendly and eco-efficient, preserving high-performance but a low power consumption. For these reasons, the physical prototypes of products require many expensive and complex tests in term of time, resources and qualified personnel involved. To overcome these limitations, the proposed approach is focused on the use of virtual prototyping tools, which support and reduce the expensive physical experiments. The main objective of this paper is the development, implementation and testing of an innovative methodology, which could be an improvement for the sustainable design of induction hobs. Induction heating applied to the domestic cooking has significantly evolved since the first cooking hobs appeared. Different issues such as maximum power available for heating a pot, dimensional compactness of the hobs, or inverter electronics efficiency have achieved a great development. The proposed methodology provides the development of a multi-physic model which is able to estimate the efficiency of the induction hobs starting from the design data of the project. In particular, the multi-physic model is composed by an electromagnetic simulation and a thermal simulation. The electromagnetic simulation, starting from electrical values such as voltage, current and frequency, is able to simulate the eddy current induced in the bottom of the pot, and resistance leads to the Joulean heating of the material. The thermal simulation is able to measure the energy consumption during the operational phase and the temperature reached by the materials. Therefore, the thermal power obtained by the Joulean heating is, at the same time, the output of the electromagnetic simulation and the input of the thermal one. The proposed model can be applied to design product and simulate the performance considering different operating conditions such as different types of cookers, different coils and different materials. Through the use of virtual prototyping tools is possible to control the heat flux on the whole system (stove, pot, water), and to evaluate the energy efficiency during the operational phase. The proposed tool makes the product-engineer more aware about decision-making strategies in order to achieve an energy saving, calculated over the whole life cycle.

Abstract Permanent settlement on the surface of planets like the Moon and Mars is anticipated to be beneficial for long-duration exploration missions. The space agencies have developed several plans, along with other commercial partners, to build operational stations on such planetary bodies, which will be economical and resourceful to execute further missions into deep space. Therefore, the real integration of an advanced manufacturing technique is essentially a matter of further research to design and deliver critical subsystems utilising in-situ resources available on the surface of Mars. The Additive Manufacturing (AM) technique is becoming increasingly promising for developing complex structures by depositing multiple consecutive layers, unlike specific moulds required in the conventional manufacturing process. Therefore, to assess the feasibility of 3D printing with local resources technically, a recently developed artificial Mars soil simulant known as Jining Martian Soil Simulant (JMSS-1) has been processed to formulate clay useful for the extrusion 3D printing process. The developed Martian clay has been fabricated, characterised, and its dielectric properties measured at high frequencies for the first time. A stable aqueous clay has been developed containing less organics (&lt; 10 wt% versus typically 30–40 wt%), which is amenable to resource-efficient 3D printing. A range of solid and porous structures of various shapes and sizes have been fabricated using a custom-developed material extrusion 3D printing system. The 3D printed artificial Martian clay sintered for 2 hours at 1100°C exhibited relative permittivity (εr) = 4.52, dielectric loss (tanδ) = 0.0015, quality factor (Q × f) = 7039 GHz. TCf = −19; and demonstrated similar properties at higher frequencies. This work demonstrates the progress in clay additive manufacturing and illustrates the potential to deliver components with functional properties through a “Powder to Product” holistic approach that can support long-term space exploration by utilising local resources available on Mars.

On-board measurement of fuel consumption of a ship has been carried out in a relatively severe sea condition. In the full scale experiment, the ship traveled on several courses to investigate the change of fuel consumption relative to the encounter wave angle. The result shows that the wave direction has a great influence on the main engine horse power and fuel consumption, and also shows a possibility of fuel efficiency prediction. In order to develop an eco-friendly navigation support system, results of Bayesian wave estimation are applied to fuel efficiency prediction. The Bayesian method does not require wave measurements but needs only ship motion data as input and the method is suitable for on-site wave estimation.

Eco-Industrial Parks (EIPs) and Industrial Symbioses (IS) have provided several cost-effective and environmental friendly solutions for the economic growth of countries. The need for excessive materials, water and energy can be reduced by exchanging wastes, by-products and energy among different clusters of industries, which is the fundamental goal of establishing synergies among industries. Symbioses design looks for the best set of connections among industries to satisfy defined objectives. However, there are not enough data to support the design of a new EIP for some industries. The existing research contains multiple objective optimization methods, but lacks details in the real industrial world to consider comprehensive criteria in design of flow exchanges due to the large cost and long establishment time for those synergies. This paper presents a multi-objective model to decide the best network of industries for several exchanges among them. The model helps minimizing costs for multiple product exchanges while considering environmental impacts to be reduced. Moreover, this paper investigates uncertainties affecting synergies within EIPs by incorporating in a modeling process. The presented models are validated through optimizing symbioses in an EIP. The efficiency of single and multiple objective models is analyzed for effects of the selected uncertainties. Future research directions are also discussed.