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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Earthquake geology and paleoseismology »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Earthquake geology and paleoseismology"

Michetti, Alessandro M., et Paul L. Hancock. « Paleoseismology : Understanding past earthquakes using quaternary geology ». Journal of Geodynamics 24, n^o 1-4 (septembre 1997) : 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0264-3707(97)00004-5.

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Ward, Steven N. « A multidisciplinary approach to seismic hazard in southern California ». Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 84, n^o 5 (1 octobre 1994) : 1293–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0840051293.

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Abstract A serious obstacle facing seismic hazard assessment in southern California has been the characterization of earthquake potential in areas far from known major faults where historical seismicity and paleoseismic data are sparse. This article attempts to fill the voids in earthquake statistics by generating “master model” maps of seismic hazard that blend information from geology, paleoseismology, space geodesy, observational seismology, and synthetic seismicity. The current model suggests that about 40% of the seismic moment release in southern California could occur in widely scattered areas away from the principal faults. As a result, over a 30-yr period, nearly all of the region from the Pacific Ocean to 50 km east of the San Andreas Fault has a greater than 50/50 chance of experiencing moderate shaking of 0.1 g or greater, and about a 1 in 20 chance of suffering levels exceeding 0.3 g. For most of the residents of southern California, thelion's share of hazard from moderate earthquake shaking over a 30-yr period derives from smaller, closer, more frequent earthquakes in the magnitude range (5 ≦ M ≦ 7) rather than from large San Andreas ruptures, whatever their likelihood.

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Leithold, Elana L., Karl W. Wegmann, Delwayne R. Bohnenstiehl, Catelyn N. Joyner et Audrianna F. Pollen. « Repeated megaturbidite deposition in Lake Crescent, Washington, USA, triggered by Holocene ruptures of the Lake Creek-Boundary Creek fault system ». GSA Bulletin 131, n^o 11-12 (20 mars 2019) : 2039–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35076.1.

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Abstract Lake Crescent, a 180-m-deep, glacially carved lake located on the Olympic Peninsula in western Washington, USA, overlies the Lake Creek-Boundary Creek fault zone, a system of structures with at least 56 km of late Pleistocene to Holocene surface rupture. Investigation of the lake’s sediment, including a reflection seismic survey and analysis of piston cores, reveals evidence that the fault beneath the lake has ruptured four times in the past ∼7200 years, producing unusually thick deposits termed megaturbidites. The earthquakes triggered rockslides that entered the lake and caused displacement waves (lake tsunamis) and seiches, most recently ca. 3.1 ka. Seismic reflection results from beneath the depth of core penetration reveal at least two older post-glacial ruptures that are likely to have similarly affected the lake. The stratigraphy of Lake Crescent provides insight into the behavior of a fault system that partially accommodates regional clockwise rotation and contraction of the northern Cascadia forearc through oblique dextral shear, and highlights the potential for disruption to critical infrastructure, transportation corridors, and industry on the North Olympic Peninsula during future surface-rupturing earthquakes. Our results illustrate the potential synergism between lacustrine paleoseismology and fault-scarp trench investigations. More precise dating of strong earthquake shaking afforded by continuous accumulation of lake sediment improves earthquake histories based on trenched fault scarp exposures, which are commonly poorly dated.

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Yeats, Robert S. « Paleoseismology : Why can't earthquakes keep on schedule ? » Geology 35, n^o 9 (2007) : 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/focus092007.1.

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Wolf, Lorraine W., Martitia P. Tuttle, Sharon Browning et Stephanie Park. « Geophysical surveys of earthquake-induced liquefaction deposits in the New Madrid seismic zone ». GEOPHYSICS 71, n^o 6 (novembre 2006) : B223—B230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2353801.

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We explore the effectiveness and limitations of electrical and electromagnetic methods in imaging buried, earthquake-induced liquefaction deposits. Geophysical surveys conducted at liquefaction sites in the New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ) in the central United States demonstrate that these subsurface-imaging techniques can be useful tools in paleoseismology. Paleoseismological studies of liquefaction features provide one of the few means for estimating recurrence intervals of large earthquakes in the NMSZ, a region with widespread evidence of strong ground shaking but short instrumental record. Noninvasive geophysical methods minimize ground disturbance during these studies, an attribute of particular importance when the studies are conducted at federally protected archaeological sites. Surveys such as those described here can be used to locate buried liquefaction deposits and to site trenches for detailed geologic studies.

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Tuttle, Hartleb, Wolf et Mayne. « Paleoliquefaction Studies and the Evaluation of Seismic Hazard ». Geosciences 9, n^o 7 (13 juillet 2019) : 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9070311.

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Recent and historical studies of earthquake-induced liquefaction, as well as paleoliquefaction studies, demonstrate the potential usefulness of liquefaction data in the assessment of the earthquake potential of seismic sources. Paleoliquefaction studies, along with other paleoseismology studies, supplement historical and instrumental seismicity and provide information about the long-term behavior of earthquake sources. Paleoliquefaction studies focus on soft-sediment deformation features, including sand blows and sand dikes, which result from strong ground shaking. Most paleoliquefaction studies have been conducted in intraplate geologic settings, but a few such studies have been carried out in interplate settings. Paleoliquefaction studies provide information about timing, location, magnitude, and recurrence of large paleoearthquakes, particularly those with moment magnitude, M, greater than 6 during the past 50,000 years. This review paper presents background information on earthquake-induced liquefaction and resulting soft-sediment deformation features that may be preserved in the geologic record, best practices used in paleoliquefaction studies, and application of paleoliquefaction data in earthquake source characterization. The paper concludes with two examples of regional paleoliquefaction studies—in the Charleston seismic zone and the New Madrid seismic zone in the southeastern and central United States, respectively—which contributed to seismic source models used in earthquake hazard assessment.

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Williams, Jack N., Hassan Mdala, Åke Fagereng, Luke N. J. Wedmore, Juliet Biggs, Zuze Dulanya, Patrick Chindandali et Felix Mphepo. « A systems-based approach to parameterise seismic hazard in regions with little historical or instrumental seismicity : active fault and seismogenic source databases for southern Malawi ». Solid Earth 12, n^o 1 (27 janvier 2021) : 187–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-12-187-2021.

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Abstract. Seismic hazard is commonly characterised using instrumental seismic records. However, these records are short relative to earthquake repeat times, and extrapolating to estimate seismic hazard can misrepresent the probable location, magnitude, and frequency of future large earthquakes. Although paleoseismology can address this challenge, this approach requires certain geomorphic setting, is resource intensive, and can carry large inherent uncertainties. Here, we outline how fault slip rates and recurrence intervals can be estimated by combining fault geometry, earthquake-scaling relationships, geodetically derived regional strain rates, and geological constraints of regional strain distribution. We apply this approach to southern Malawi, near the southern end of the East African Rift, and where, although no on-fault slip rate measurements exist, there are constraints on strain partitioning between border and intra-basin faults. This has led to the development of the South Malawi Active Fault Database (SMAFD), a geographical database of 23 active fault traces, and the South Malawi Seismogenic Source Database (SMSSD), in which we apply our systems-based approach to estimate earthquake magnitudes and recurrence intervals for the faults compiled in the SMAFD. We estimate earthquake magnitudes of MW 5.4–7.2 for individual fault sections in the SMSSD and MW 5.6–7.8 for whole-fault ruptures. However, low fault slip rates (intermediate estimates ∼ 0.05–0.8 mm/yr) imply long recurrence intervals between events: 102–105 years for border faults and 103–106 years for intra-basin faults. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the large range of these estimates can best be reduced with improved geodetic constraints in southern Malawi. The SMAFD and SMSSD provide a framework for using geological and geodetic information to characterise seismic hazard in regions with few on-fault slip rate measurements, and they could be adapted for use elsewhere in the East African Rift and globally.

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Al-Ashkar, Abeer, Antoine Schlupp, Matthieu Ferry et Ulziibat Munkhuu. « Tectonic Geomorphology and Paleoseismology of the Sharkhai fault : a new source of seismic hazard for Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia) ». Solid Earth 13, n^o 3 (31 mars 2022) : 761–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-13-761-2022.

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Abstract. We present first constraints from tectonic geomorphology and paleoseismology along the newly discovered Sharkhai fault near the capital city of Mongolia. Detailed observations from high-resolution Pleiades satellite images and field investigations allowed us to map the fault in detail, describe its geometry and segmentation, characterize its kinematics, and document its recent activity and seismic behavior (cumulative displacements and paleoseismicity). The Sharkhai fault displays a surface length of ∼ 40 km with a slightly arcuate geometry, and a strike ranging from N42 to N72∘. It affects numerous drainages that show left-lateral cumulative displacements reaching 94 m. Paleoseismic investigations document faulting and depositional/erosional events for the last ∼ 3000 years and reveal that the most recent event occurred between 775 and 1778 CE and the penultimate earthquake occurred between 1605 and 835 BCE. The resulting time interval of 2496 ± 887 years is the first constraint for the Sharkhai fault for large earthquakes. On the basis of our mapping of the surface rupture and the resulting segmentation analysis, we propose two possible scenarios for large earthquakes with likely magnitudes of 6.7 ± 0.2 or 7.1 ± 0.7. Furthermore, we apply scaling laws to infer coseismic slip values and derive preliminary estimates of long-term slip rates. Finally, these data help build a comprehensive model of active faults in that region and should be considered in the seismic hazard assessment for the city of Ulaanbaatar.

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Townsend, Tracey. « Paleoseismology of the Waverley Fault Zone and implications for earthquake hazard in South Taranaki, New Zealand ». New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 41, n^o 4 (décembre 1998) : 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1998.9514823.

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Dixon, Timothy H., E. Norabuena et L. Hotaling. « Paleoseismology and Global Positioning System : Earthquake-cycle effects and geodetic versus geologic fault slip rates in the Eastern California shear zone ». Geology 31, n^o 1 (2003) : 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0055:pagpse>2.0.co;2.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Earthquake geology and paleoseismology"

Pirrotta, Claudia. « Paleoseismological off- fault analyses in eastern Sicily : a contribute to the characterization of seismic sources ». Thesis, Universita' degli Studi di Catania, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/113.

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In this thesis a paleoseismological off-fault research, consisting in the analysis and dating of seismogeological effects triggered by both historical and paleo- earthquakes (seismites), was performed. Off-fault paleoseismology results particularly useful in areas, like Sicily, where the seismogenic sources are scantly defined and so they can't be directly investigated by onfault researches. Indeed, even if this study does not provide precise and direct information on the seismogenic fault and the earthquake parameters (magnitude, intensity, fault length and elapsed time), however, it can supply useful information on the epicentral distance of the site where the effects developed, the earthquake magnitude threshold and the intensity reached at the site. Moreover, the finding of structures dated before the historical records can be useful to extend the seismic catalogues back in time. Sicily was affected by strong earthquakes among the most disastrous of the seismic Italian history, with intensity Io up to XI (MCS) and equivalent moment magnitude Mw up to 7 (CPTI04, Working Group 2004). The northeastern sector was destroyed by the 1908 Messina Strait earthquake and also suffered for seismic events located in southern Calabria, such as the 1783 seismic sequence. The southeastern sector was hit by the 1169 and the January 11th 1693 earthquakes and by other minor, however damaging, events such as the 1542 one. Western Sicily suffered a destructive seismic sequence started on January 13th 1968. Nevertheless, the seismogenic sources of these earthquakes are not well constrained because they occurred in pre-instrumental time and without clear evidence of surface faulting. Recently, different seismogenic source models have been proposed on the basis of geological and geomorphological evidences, historical and instrumental seismicity data and macroseismic intensity analyses, but the debate is still opened. However, these strong earthquakes triggered several geological effects described by the historical accounts, such as landslides, liquefactions, ground deformations and fracturing, hydrological anomalies and tsunamis characterized by waves that damaged the cities along the eastern coast of Sicily. Then, given its critic seismicity and its millenary historical memory, Sicily is an optimal laboratory to test different paleoseimological off fault methods. This work was undertaken with the main aim on a side of providing new and useful data to better define the eastern Sicily seismicity, on the other side to test original multidisciplinary approaches in a region where this kind of investigations are scarce. Indeed, off-fault paleoseismology is a young and yet few tested discipline of Earthquake Geology. For this reason there is not a unique technique of investigation, instead methods need severe testing and systematization and every study case requires a specific approach related to the site conditions and to the seismite typology. The performed research follows two different main lines: first the examination of the regional seismicity and of the historical accounts has been performed; then a multi-theme research was carried out in field to investigate directly the seismites. The Italian historical bibliography reporting seismogeological effects in Sicily (original sources and previous seismic catalogues) has been analyzed. Descriptions of effects such as landslides, ground deformations, liquefactions, hydrological anomalies have been collected in a georeferenziated database embodying all the information about the causative event, as well. Interactive maps of effects distribution have been realized by the use of Gis software. These data have been also used to define empirical relationships between earthquake parameters (intensity and magnitude) and epicentral distance of the sites where the effects occurred. Then, upper bound-curves, at regional scale, have been realized. This step of the research highlighted that Sicily is a region highly prone to the seismogeological effect development, especially as it regards landslides and ground deformations, mainly clustered in the eastern flank of Mt. Etna and in the northern sector of the region characterized by critical geological and structural setting. Whereas, liquefactions and hydrological anomalies occurred more numerous in areas with specific geological and hydrological features (Belice Valley and Catania Plain). Upper bound-curve graphs also showed that seismic parameters of some events could be misinterpreted, such as the magnitude of the 1823 earthquake (M = 5.87) that could be underestimated, while the new value proposed in the literature (M = 6.7) seems to be more plausible. The same analysisindicated the happening of possible site amplifications and/or exceptional site response during some events as showed by effects occurred at unexpected long epicentral distance at Messina during the 1783 earthquake and at Calatafimi (Trapani) for the 1693 event. Off-fault paleoseimological field study was focused to the finding and examination of liquefaction- induced deformations and tsunami deposits, because their investigation in field results easier than other effects. Indeed, liquefaction structures and tsunamiites remain in the sedimentary sequence as marker of seismicity and tsunami inundations; they have well defined features and take place in areas with specific characteristics, easily recognizable after geological and geomorphological surveys. On the contrary, for instance, hydrological anomalies are transitory phenomena and seismic landslides are not well differentiable from no seismic ones. Hence, after a critical examination of the historical data indicating the localities where these effects occurred during past earthquakes, fluvial and coastal areas of eastern Sicily have been chosen. A further selection was performed using satellite imagines and aerial photos and by geological and geomorphological field surveys, aimed to define the most prone areas. In three sites (Minissale, Agnone and Vendicari) field study allowed to investigate deformational patterns linked to liquefaction mechanism. In other sites (Augusta, Pantano Morghella, Capo Campolato, Vendicari and San Lorenzo) probable tsunami deposits, both sand and boulder accumulations, were found. As it regards the examination of deformational pattern, the detailed investigation of their features and a paleo-environmental reconstruction have been performed to exclude other possible causative mechanisms different from the seismic one. In general, the method for distinguishing subsequent events is based on stratigraphic criteria and cross-cutting relationships. When possible radiocarbon dating has been carried out, on charcoals and bulks, to constrain the age of the structures and to associate them with historical or paleoearthquakes. At Minissale (eastern flank of Mt. Etna, central eastern Sicily) and Agnone (Catania Plain, central eastern Sicily) liquefaction structures have been detected on two artificial trench walls. In these sites a preliminary hand-auger coring campaign was also performedto characterize the stratigraphic sequence and to qualitatively evaluate the terrain liquefaction susceptibility. Then, the deformational patterns, consisting of lateral spreading, dikes, faults, drag folds, recumbent folds, sheet slumps, warped top levels and boudinage, have been studied by the square division method. Terrain samples have been collected for sedimentological and micro-paleontological investigations. Paleo-environmental reconstruction allowed to exclude other causative mechanisms and to associate these deformations to seismic shaking. Radiocarbon dating, combined with the upper bound curves, allowed to associate the seismites detected at Minissale site with the 1169 and 1693 earthquakes and those of the Agnone site with the 1542 and 1693 earthquakes. At Vendicari (southeastern Sicily) a singular association of structures, affecting terrains since Pliocene up to Quaternary age, has been detected. Besides soft sediment deformations (autoclastic breccias, diapyr-like injections and thyxotropic wedges), probably linked to liquefaction mechanisms, brittle deformations, consisting of fractures generally opened and filled by sediments (sedimentary dykes) have been found. Fractures have been examined by a mesostructural investigation and the detailed observation under the microscope of filling material thin sections, as well, to highlight possible relationships with the regional stress field. After a critical analysis of the forms and the paleo-environmental reconstruction, seismic shaking was proposed as the most probable cause of the deformation development. Fractures could be also linked to the regional tectonics characterized by an almost NW-SE trending' 1. The overall investigation of seismites at Vendicari highlighted at least four triggering seismic events, whose age is not precisely constrained given the lack of datable material. However, their finding mark that these events had magnitude greater than 5.0 and intensity greater than IX, that are the threshold values for which this pattern can trigger in the epicentral area. The tsunamiite study was undertaken both searching anomalous sandy deposits and examining boulder accumulations along the southeastern coast of Sicily, inland and offshore. This research required a multi-theme approach combining geological, geomorphological, paleontological, X-ray, petro-chemical, morphoscopic and magnetic examinations. Geophysical applications, analysing sonar chirp profiles, were a preciousinstrument to find deposits off-shore. In some cases wave transport equations were used jointly with statistical analysis in order to determine the extreme events' geological or meteorological' responsible for the deposition. At Augusta and Pantano Morghella (southeastern Sicily) anomalous sandy layers, whose analysis highlighted a tsunamigenic origin, were found into a fine sedimentary sequence. Augusta site probably recorded tree events inland but, given their old interval age, no correlation can be made with the historical record. Only the more recent level could be tentatively related to the 365 AD Crete tsunami. Eleven anomalous layers have been also found off-shore thanks to the geophysical investigation of sonar chirp profiles. The age of some of these layers well matches with some disastrous tsunamis that hit eastern Sicily in historical time (such as the 1169, the 1693 and the 1908 events) and with that coming from Eastern Mediterranean such as the 365 AD Crete tsunami and the event of Santorini (about 3600 BP). At Pantano Morghella three anomalous levels were found. Deep investigations on one of the layers highlighted that it can be ascribed to a tsunami and in particular to the 365 AD Crete one. Further investigations and dating are in progress to understand the tsunamigenic origin and to constrain the age of the further two levels. Boulder accumulations at Capo Campolato, Vendicari and San Lorenzo, were studied with the aim to distinguish if they were deposited by storm waves or tsunamis. This analysis showed that strong storms occurring in the Ionian Sea are capable to emplace large boulders on the coast but up to a given distance from the shoreline. Indeed, boulders very far from the shore seem to require more energetic waves, with periods longer than that of known storms, to be deposited. These waves could be extraordinary unknown storm waves or tsunamis. Dating on some very far boulders highlighted the occurrence of at least two different probable tsunami inundations. The first event could correspond to the 1169, the 1542 or the 1693 tsunami, the second inundation can be ascribed to the 1693 or the 1908 tsunami. The following research allowed to find evidences of both historical and paleoearthquakes and tsunamis in field. Results confirm the potentiality and usefulness of thepaleoseismological off- fault methods and their integration with further information, provided by ulterior studies, should help to better define the seismicity of Sicily. This thesis is divided in seven chapters. First a general definition of the geologic and tectonic setting of Sicily and of the seismic source models, proposed for the strongest earthquakes, are exposed (Chapter 1). Then, a brief treatise on paleoseismology and the investigation methods is provided (Chapters 2 and 3). Performed researches are discussed separately for each different approach, exposing methods and results in the Chapters 4, 5 and 6. Finally, in the Chapter 7 a summary and a discussion on the main matters of this thesis, the applicability and usefulness of this kind of researches are exposed, arguing on how they can contribute to the improving of the knowledge of the eastern Sicily seismicity.

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Smith, Patrick Eugene. « Tectonic geomorphology of coastal mountain ranges along a transform plate boundary geomorphic evolution of fluvial terraces with implications for defining rates of crustal displacement and earthquake recurrence intervals / ». Diss., UC access only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=152&did=1907173991&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=7&retrieveGroup=0&VType=PQD&VInst=PROD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1270496015&clientId=48051.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009.
Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-120). Issued in print and online. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations.

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Castillo, Bryan. « AGES OF PREHISTORIC EARTHQUAKES ON THE BANNING STRAND OF THE SAN ANDREAS FAULT, NEAR NORTH PALM SPRINGS, CALIFORNIA ». CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/877.

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We studied a paleoseismic trench that was excavated across the Banning strand of the San Andreas Fault by Petra Geosciences (33.9172°, -116.538°). The trench exposed a ~40 m wide fault zone in interbedded alluvial sand gravel, silt and clay deposits. We present the first paleoseismic record for the Banning strand of the southern San Andreas Fault. The most recent event occurred sometime between 730 and 950 cal BP, potentially coincident with rupture of the San Gorgonio Pass thrust. We interpret that five earthquakes have occurred since 3.3-2.5 ka and eight earthquakes have likely occurred since 7.1-5.7 ka. It is possible that additional events may have occurred without being recognized, especially in the deeper section the stratigraphy, which was not fully exposed across the fault zone. We calculate an average recurrence interval of 380 - 640 yrs based on four complete earthquake cycles between earthquakes 1 and 5. The average recurrence interval is thus equivalent to or less than the elapsed time since the most recent event on the Banning strand. The recurrence interval is similar to the San Gorgonio Pass (450-1850 years) but longer than that for the Mission Creek strand (~220 years).

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Fraser, Jeffrey G. « Four new paleoseismic investigations on the North Anatolian fault, Turkey, in the context of existing data ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210250.

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La faille Nord-Anatolienne est une faille décrochante dextre de 1500 km et la frontière de plaque entre l’Anatolie au sud et l’Eurasie au nord. Le mouvement vers l’Ouest de l’Anatolie par rapport à l’Eurasie à une vitesse de 21 mm/an est accommodé par le jeu de cette faille. Durant le 20ième siècle, cette faille a rompu d’est en ouest lors d’une séquence de larges tremblements de terre qui ont eu lieu à intervalles rapprochés. De nombreux géologues ont cherché à mieux comprendre l’histoire récente de cette faille, et plus parti-culièrement son histoire sismique ou paléosismologique. La recherche en paléosismologie consiste à contraindre en utilisant l’enregistrement sédimentaire existant la nature et la distribution des tremblements de terre passés. Dans cette thèse, j’ai effectué 4 investi-gations paléosismologiques le long de la faille Nord-Anatolienne dans des lieux où à chaque tremblement de terre la faille forme des escarpements à contre-pente et constitue un piège à sédiment. En étudiant la composition et la distribution des sols enfouis et ex-posés dans de larges tranchées creusées au travers de ces pièges sédimentaires, on peut identifier des « horizons sismiques » (c’est-à-dire la surface terrestre lors du séisme). En datant par le radiocarbone les matériaux déposés au-dessous (avant) et au-dessus (après) d’un horizon sismique, on peut contraindre à quel moment un paléoséisme a eu lieu. Fi-nalement dans cette thèse, j’ai compilé une base de donnée des chronologies de l’ensemble de paléoséismes documentés sur la faille Nord-Anatolienne. Grâce à cette base de données, j’ai pu déterminer l’occurrence des séismes avec une méthodologie cohérente, et analyser la chronologie obtenue à la fois qualitativement et quantitativement. L’analyse des données révèle que la faille Nord-Anatolienne ne rompt habituellement pas en cascade comme durant le 20ième siècle, et que l’activité de la faille est fortement influencé par les trois principaux régimes tectoniques existant en Turquie. Les variabilités d’activité le long de la faille pourraient résulter de contraintes normales à la faille, qui décroissent d’une façon générale de l’Est vers l’Ouest. Une décroissance des contraintes normales à la faille diminuerait localement le seuil de contrainte requis pour déclencher un séisme. Ceci explique l’observation que le temps de récurrence des séismes est plus court à l’Ouest. A l’Est, les ruptures sont plus variables, et le temps de récurrence est bimodal. Ceci peut être lié à des variations temporelles des contraintes normales à la faille, peut-être induites par le jeu sismique des failles Est-Anatolienne et de la Mer Morte.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Gómez, Novell Octavi. « Paleoseismic transect across the Alhama de Murcia Fault and implications of a fault-based seismic hazard assessment for the Eastern Betics ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673628.

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The Eastern Betics Shear Zone (EBSZ) is one of the most active fault systems in SE Spain. It has caused damaging earthquakes in historical times, including the 2011 Lorca earthquake, which evidenced that the regional hazard estimations needed revision. In this context, the available fault data is usually too local and, for some faults, reliable and representative parameters are still lacking. Such heterogeneity has usually hampered seismic hazard models based on geological data. This thesis aims to be a comprehensive study allowing to: i) complete the paleoseismic record and parameters of one of the most active faults in the EBSZ, the Alhama de Murcia Fault (AMF), and ii) include fault data in a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA). The study is thus divided in two main parts. (A) a local study presenting a structural characterization and integral paleoseismic study in four sites across a complete transect of the AMF. (B) a regional fault-based PSHA of the EBSZ with the main faults as inputs to define complex fault rupture scenarios using the SHERIFS code. A) The structural characterization has been carried out in the two central segments of the AMF, Lorca-Totana and Totana-Alhama. In the former, five fault branches are identified with partitioning of the deformation. From N to S: N1-AMF (lateral), N2a and b-AMF (dip slip), S-AMF (lateral) and F-AMF (dip slip). The Totana-Alhama segment shows more diffuse deformation, where the most prominent structure is the Amarguillo Fault (AF), a N-S transtensional ramification. The paleoseismic survey has been carried out in eight paleoseismic trenches across four fault branches of the Lorca-Totana segment. We obtained one of the completest paleoearthquake records in Iberia with seventeen events for the last ~100 ka in S-AMF. The recurrence varies from 5.7±1.7 to 3.1±1.4 kyr for the last 73-18 ka in S-AMF and F-AMF. The time compatibility of the last five events in these branches suggests that they could rupture synchronously. The total net slip rate of the segment since 18 ka is 1.55 +0.14/-0.18 mm/yr, considerably higher than previous estimations. The slip rate evolution shows fluctuations over time (super-cycles), some of which coincide with patterns identified in nearby faults, inferring possible activity synchronicities. B) The fault-based PSHA suggests that multi-fault ruptures involving lengths of single to several whole faults of the EBSZ are feasible, contrary to the rupture of the whole system (~400 km). The hazard shows a clear control of the EBSZ faults, increasing the accelerations close to their traces with respect to area source PSHAs. The seismic hazard is dependent on the slip rates, as lower slip rate faults (Palomares fault; PF, or NE end of AMF) have negligible contribution. Our results for the 475-year return period are also more consistent with the accelerations reached in the 2011 Lorca event than the building code or national hazard map. For some faults, the lack of detailed paleoseismic studies can compromise the reliability of the hazard. This is a key discussion in the present study, marking the need for better constrained and reliable slip rates in the EBSZ. The integral paleoseismic study of the AMF has revealed to be a crucial step towards a more representative characterization of its paleoseismic parameters (slip rates, recurrence), and thus, of the EBSZ. Acquiring refined and reviewed paleoseismic data is key to improve seismic hazard evaluations. Hereby, further research should focus on poorly researched faults and on performing integrative studies in other EBSZ faults. The comprehensive approach followed, from paleoseismic data collection to PSHA, contributes to perform more critical interpretations of the seismic hazard, and aims to serve as a case example for other low-to-moderate seismicity regions.
La Zona de Cisalla de les Bètiques Orientals (ZCBO) és un dels sistemes de falles més actius del SE d’Espanya. Malgrat això, en aquesta zona les estimacions de perillositat sísmica rarament utilitzen dades de falles degut a que aquestes son sovint massa locals i poc acotades. En aquest context, la present tesi pretén ser un estudi exhaustiu que A) completi el registre paleosísmic i la representativitat dels paràmetres sísmics de la falla d’Alhama de Murcia (FAM), una de les més actives de la ZCBO, i B) porti a terme una avaluació probabilista de la perillositat sísmica (PSHA) de la ZCBO basada en dades geològiques de falles. A) La caracterització de la FAM ha permès obtenir dades paleosísmiques en quatre de cinc branques de falla que conformen un transsecte gairebé complet del segment central (Lorca- Totana). S’ha identificat un dels registres paleosísmics més complets de la Península Ibèrica amb disset paleoterratrèmols pels últims 100 ka. La recurrència d’aquests varia de 5.7±1.7 a 3.1±1.4 ka pels últims 73-18 ka i la seva compatibilitat temporal entre branques suggereix que les ruptures conjuntes son factibles. La velocitat de desplaçament neta total és de 1.55 +0.14/-0.18 mm/any pels últims 18 ka, malgrat aquesta ha presentat variacions cícliques almenys des del Pleistocè Superior també observades en d’altres falles de la ZCBO. B) El PSHA suggereix que les ruptures multi-falla que impliquen longituds d’una o varies falles completes son factibles a la ZCBO. En base a això, l’anàlisi portat a terme indica que les falles de la ZCBO dominen la perillositat a les àrees properes, incrementant considerablement els valors d’acceleració respecte a estudis previs que no consideren falles. Tot i això, les acceleracions son altament dependents de la velocitat de desplaçament de les falles, i en alguns casos, la manca d’estudis paleosísmics detallats por comprometre la fiabilitat dels models de perillositat. Cal doncs, focalitzar la futura recerca en aquestes falles menys estudiades. L’enfocament integral que s’ha seguit aqui, des de la recopilació de dades paleosísmiques fins al PSHA, contribueix a realitzar interpretacions més crítiques de la perillositat sísmica i pretén servir d’exemple per d’altres regions de sismicitat baixa-moderada.

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Korren, Caitlyn. « PALEOSEISMOLOGY OF A PLIOCENE EARTHQUAKE IN EASTERN TAIWAN ». OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1639.

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High seismicity coupled with high population density creates a recipe for high seismic risk in Taiwan. Taiwan is located at the convergences of the Eurasian and Philippine Sea plates. These convergences result in the development of an accretionary wedge. A basal decollemont bounds the NE-SW trending thrust packages. The most Eastern thrust package, the Central Range, experiences high erosion rates and exhumation rates which may induce high seismicity. Paleoseismic indicators improve the ancient seismic history and may aid in the constraint of geologic processes of an accretionary wedge. Pseudotachylytes, known as earthquake fossils, form by frictional melting during seismic slip. Cataclasites form by comminution during sliding. Frictional melts serve as a window to the fault plane. Pseudotachylytes may allow for the assessment of focal parameters through the utilization of fault plane geometry and slip surface properties. This study provides the first microstructural evidence for fault pseudotachylytes at the Hoping River locality in Eastern Taiwan. The 3.3 Ma Hoping River frictional melt evidences an ancient Mw 6.4 ±0.40 earthquake. This pseudotachylyte demonstrates an oblique fault with a reverse component which corresponds to the orientation of the thrust packages in the accretionary wedge. Sense of slip of both pseudotachylytes and cataclasites suggest a uniform stress field. Narrow fault cores suggest high strain localization. Coeval pseudotachylyte and quartz-calcite veins suggest shear heating as a mechanism, if a fluid reservoir along the basal decollemont in Taiwan exists.

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Stahl, Timothy. « Active Tectonics and Geomorphology of the central South Island, New Zealand : Earthquake Hazards of Reverse Faults ». Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Geological Sciences, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9889.

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Oblique continental collision between the Pacific and Australian Plates in the central South Island of New Zealand (between c. 44 and 46°S) results in distributed reverse faulting. Only a few of these faults have been studied in detail, highlighting a major knowledge deficit in the earthquake behaviour, magnitude potential and contribution to seismic hazard for many faults in this part of the orogen. Three reverse faults are investigated in detail in this thesis: the Moonlight Fault Zone (MFZ), the Fox Peak Fault and the Forest Creek Fault. Geochronologic approaches, including Schmidt hammer exposure-age dating, radiocarbon dating, and optically stimulated luminescence dating, are combined with paleoseismic trenching, fault surface trace mapping, analysis of GPS and LiDAR survey data, and numerical modelling to characterise the rupture behaviour of these faults. A new Schmidt hammer chronofunction based on over 7000 clast analyses is developed that relates rebound value (R-value) to age for river terraces. The rapid, inexpensive, non-destructive, and statistically valid nature of this technique makes it widely applicable for age dating here and globally. I use Schmidt hammer exposure-age dating along with other geochronologic and surveying methods to show that stranded post-last glacial lake shorelines of Lake Wakatipu are undeformed and at a uniform elevation across the MFZ. This indicates an absence of uplift across the MFZ since c. 13 ka and suggests that this fault may be inactive or subject to long periods of interseismic quiescence despite its location in the active orogen. This result also challenges the long-held hypothesis that lake shorelines throughout central NZ are tilted due to isostatic rebound. Three segments of the Fox Peak Fault are identified through field mapping and surveying. Slip rates at over 50 locations along the 36.5 km total length of the fault (c. 1.5 mm yr⁻¹ maximum) co-vary with the bounding range topography and exhibit large gradients near intersecting NW-striking faults. Four paleoseismic trenches were excavated to determine if these segment boundaries represent barriers to earthquake rupture propagation. Evidence of 3-4 earthquakes since c. 16 ka on the two end segments with overlapping age uncertainties indicates that the recurrence interval of the fault is 2000-3000 years. The most recent event (MRE) occurred at c. 2.5 ka. Large single event displacement to length ratios on these segments and a single event scarp on the central segment indicate that while the segment boundaries control on-fault slip gradients, they are not likely to impede through-going ruptures in an earthquake. This is a relatively recent development from the long-term tectonic geomorphology, which is suggestive of range growth on separate faults.

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Barron, Andrew D. « Paleoseismology of the Osgood Mountains, Northern Basin and Range, Nevada ». abstract and full text PDF (free order & ; download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1442859.

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Pena, Kyle. « PALEOSEISMOLOGY OF THE CENTRAL GARLOCK FAULT IN SEARLES VALLEY, CALIFORNIA ». CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/956.

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In this study, a paleoseismic trench with limited age constraints that was previously excavated in 1990 across the central Garlock Fault near Christmas Canyon, in Searles Valley, California, was reopened to take advantage of new advances in luminescence dating techniques to investigate potential temporal variability in earthquake recurrence on the Garlock fault and to analyze previously unexposed older earthquake evidence. The trench exposed interbedded alluvial sand and pebble-gravels, with well-sorted, rounded, lacustrine sand from the most recent highstand of pluvial Lake Searles present at the base of the trench. Preliminary findings suggest at least 10 surface rupturing earthquake events occurred during the 10 k.y. time period exposed in the trench. To provide age constraints on the paleo-surface-rupturing events from the new trench, 54 luminescence samples were collected and the single-grain luminescence dating technique post- - was employed. The ages indicated that 7 events have occurred in the past ~7.2 ka, with at least 3 additional events in the more poorly stratified deeper section of the trench. This suggests a recurrence interval of ~1000 years. Event pattern seen at this trench did not exactly replicate the same pattern at other paleoseismic sites along the Garlock Fault. The most recent event seen at this trench occured within the same time period as the most recent events seen at the other paleoseismic sites on the central Garlock Fault.

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Turner, Robert. « Late-Pleistocene to Holocence [i.e. Holocene] paleoseismic history of the Honey Lake Fault, northeastern California and northwestern Nevada / ». abstract and full text PDF (free order & ; download UNR users only), 2006. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1440920.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2006.
"December, 2006." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-62). Online version available on the World Wide Web. Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2006]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm.

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Livres sur le sujet "Earthquake geology and paleoseismology"

Machette, Michael N. Geologic investigations of the 1986 Marryat Creek, Australia, earthquake : Implications for paleoseismicity in stable continental regions. Washington, D.C : U.S. G.P.O., 1993.

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Indo-US Workshop on "Paleoseismicity with reference to Seismic Hazard Assessment in the Himalaya" (1997 Dehra Dun, India). Paleoseismicity & seismic hazard assessment in the Himalaya : Selected papers presented at the Indo-US Workshop on "Paleoseismicity with reference to Seismic Hazard Assessment in the Himalaya" held at Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehra Dun, India (26-28 March, 1997). Sous la direction de Thakur V. C, Yeats Robert S, Virdi N. S et Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology. Dehra Dun, India : Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 1999.

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M, Sowers Janet, Noller Jay S, Lettis William R et U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. Division of Engineering Technology., dir. Dating and earthquakes : Review of Quaternary geochronology and its application to paleoseismology. Washington, DC : U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1998.

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Crone, Anthony J. Geologic investigations of the 1988 Tennant Creek, Australia, earthquakes-- implications for paleoseismicity in stable continental regions : Investigations of the paleoseismology, deformation, and quaternary stratigraphy associated with reverse faulting caused by three major earthquakes in the interior of the Australian craton. Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 1993.

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McNulty, William E. Liquefaction evidence for two Holocene paleo-earthquakes in central and southwestern Illinois. [Reston, VA] : U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.

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Koehler, Richard D. A paleoseismic study along the central Denali fault, Chistochina Glacier area, south-central Alaska. Fairbanks, Alaska : State of Alaska, Dept. of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2011.

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al- Zalāzil al-kubrá bi-al-minṭaqah al-Maghāribīyah wa-mukhallafātuhā ʻalá al-insān wa-muḥīṭih. [Rabat?] : Thurayyā al-Murābiṭ Azruwāl, 2005.

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1946-, Clague J. J., et Geological Survey of Canada, dir. Paleoseismology and seismic hazards, southwestern British Columbia. Ottawa : Geological Survey of Canada, 1996.

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Hylland, Michael D. Surficial-geologic reconnaissance and scarp profiling on the Collinston and Clarkston mountain segments of the Wasatch Fault Zone, Box Elder County, Utah : Paleoseismic inferences, implications for adjacent segments, and issues for diffusion-equation scarp-age modeling. Salt Lake City, UT : Utah Geological Survey, 2007.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Earthquake geology and paleoseismology"

Boulton, Sarah J. « Paleoseismology ». Dans Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1–8. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_21-1.

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Boulton, Sarah J. « Paleoseismology ». Dans Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1792–99. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_21.

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Jibson, Randall W. « Paleoseismology and Landslides ». Dans Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1–20. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_28-1.

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Jibson, Randall W. « Paleoseismology and Landslides ». Dans Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1799–815. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_28.

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Evelpidou, Niki, et Paolo Pirazzoli. « Rocky Coasts, Paleoseismology of ». Dans Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1–14. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_24-3.

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Bronk Ramsey, Christopher. « Radiocarbon Dating in Paleoseismology ». Dans Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1–11. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_34-1.

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Forman, Steven L. « Luminescence Dating in Paleoseismology ». Dans Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1–9. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_35-1.

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Evelpidou, Niki, et Paolo Pirazzoli. « Paleoseismology of Rocky Coasts ». Dans Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1815–27. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_24.

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Lund, Björn. « Paleoseismology of Glaciated Terrain ». Dans Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1765–79. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_25.

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Ramsey, Christopher Bronk. « Radiocarbon Dating in Paleoseismology ». Dans Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 2021–31. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_34.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Earthquake geology and paleoseismology"

McCalpin, James. « LEGACY OF PETER BIRKELAND IN APPLIED GEOLOGY ; PALEOSEISMOLOGY, SACKUNGEN, AND SKI AREA GEOLOGY ». Dans GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-381191.

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Kluetmeier, Camryn, Josh W. Borella, Josh W. Borella, Josh W. Borella, Emily Tabb, Emily Tabb, Emily Tabb et al. « EARLY LICHEN COLONIZATION ON EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED ROCKFALLS : IMPLICATIONS FOR LICHENOMETRY AND PALEOSEISMOLOGY ». Dans GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-356680.

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Cramer, Chris H. « Incorporating the Effects of Site Geology in CEUS Hazard Maps ». Dans Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics Congress IV. Reston, VA : American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40975(318)36.

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Weidlich, O., et M. Bernecker. « Earthquake-triggered Post-depositional Deformation at the Rim of the Arabian Platform (Permian–Triassic, Oman Mountains) ». Dans Third Arabian Plate Geology Workshop. Netherlands : EAGE Publications BV, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20144078.

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Wu, Lixin. « Experimental study on infrared anomaly of tectonic earthquake ». Dans Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring, GIS Applications, and Geology III. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.511625.

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Field, Edward H. « A SURVEY OF SOME SALIENT ISSUES WITH RESPECT TO THE IMPACT OF EARTHQUAKE GEOLOGY ON MODERN EARTHQUAKE FORECASTS ». Dans 115th Annual GSA Cordilleran Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019cd-329349.

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Szu, Harold H., et Han-Shou Liu. « Earthquake calamity warning from space station : orbital dynamics coupling geology mantle convection ». Dans SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, sous la direction de Harold H. Szu et F. Jack Agee. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.820902.

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« Urban Geology, Earthquake and Planning by Means of GIS for Development Needs, A Case Study, Iran ». Dans Universal Researchers. Universal Researchers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/ur.u1214320.

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DRAGOMIR, Claudiu-Sorin. « THE ADVANCED SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT OF EARTHQUAKE EFFECTS ON BUILDINGS IN ROMANIA. EXTENDING A PUBLIC DATABASE AVAILABLE ON LINE ». Dans 13th SGEM GeoConference on SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES IN GEOLOGY, EXPLORATION AND MINING. Stef92 Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2013/ba1.v2/s05.028.

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Goldfinger, Chris. « GSA QUATERNARY GEOLOGY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY DIVISION KIRK BRYAN AWARD : SUB-AQUEOUS PALEOSEISMOLOGY : SITE SELECTION, PHYSIOGRAPHY, SEDIMENT SUPPLY, CURRENT DYNAMICS AND TEMPORAL CONSIDERATIONS AS APPLIED IN CASCADIA AND ELSEWHERE ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-286620.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Earthquake geology and paleoseismology"

Fischer, G. SLAC (Stanford Linear Accelerator Center) site geology, ground motion and some effects of the October 17, 1989 earthquake. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), décembre 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7135726.

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Visser, R., H. Kao, R. M. H. Dokht, A. B. Mahani et S. Venables. A comprehensive earthquake catalogue for northeastern British Columbia : the northern Montney trend from 2017 to 2020 and the Kiskatinaw Seismic Monitoring and Mitigation Area from 2019 to 2020. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329078.

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To increase our understanding of induced seismicity, we develop and implement methods to enhance seismic monitoring capabilities in northeastern British Columbia (NE BC). We deploy two different machine learning models to identify earthquake phases using waveform data from regional seismic stations and utilize an earthquake database management system to streamline the construction and maintenance of an up-to-date earthquake catalogue. The completion of this study allows for a comprehensive catalogue in NE BC from 2014 to 2020 by building upon our previous 2014-2016 and 2017-2018 catalogues. The bounds of the area where earthquakes were located were between 55.5°N-60.0°N and 119.8°W-123.5°W. The earthquakes in the catalogue were initially detected by machine learning models, then reviewed by an analyst to confirm correct identification, and finally located using the Non-Linear Location (NonLinLoc) algorithm. Two distinct sub-areas within the bounds consider different periods to supplement what was not covered in previously published reports - the Northern Montney Trend (NMT) is covered from 2017 to 2020 while the Kiskatinaw Seismic Monitoring and Mitigation Area (KSMMA) is covered from 2019 to 2020. The two sub-areas are distinguished by the BC Oil & Gas Commission (BCOGC) due to differences in their geographic location and geology. The catalogue was produced by picking arrival phases on continuous seismic waveforms from 51 stations operated by various organizations in the region. A total of 17,908 events passed our quality control criteria and are included in the final catalogue. Comparably, the routine Canadian National Seismograph Network (CNSN) catalogue reports 207 seismic events - all events in the CNSN catalogue are present in our catalogue. Our catalogue benefits from the use of enhanced station coverage and improved methodology. The total number of events in our catalogue in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 were 62, 47, 9579 and 8220, respectively. The first two years correspond to seismicity in the NMT where poor station coverage makes it difficult to detect small magnitude events. The magnitude of completeness within the KSMMA (ML = ~0.7) is significantly smaller than that obtained for the NMT (ML = ~1.4). The new catalogue is released with separate files for origins, arrivals, and magnitudes which can be joined using the unique ID assigned to each event.

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