Bibliographies thématiques / Earth-to-air heat exchangers

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Earth-to-air heat exchangers »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Earth-to-air heat exchangers"

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Zhelykh, Vasyl, Olena Savchenko et Vadym Matusevych. « Horizontal earth-air heat exchanger for preheating external air in the mechanical ventilation system ». Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 13, no 1 (1 décembre 2018) : 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2018-0021.

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Abstract To save traditional energy sources in mechanical ventilation systems, it is advisable to use low-energy ground energy for preheating or cooling the outside air. Heat exchange between ground and outside air occurs in ground heat exchangers. Many factors influence the process of heat transfer between air in the heat exchanger and the ground, in particular geological and climatic parameters of the construction site, parameters of the ventilation air in the projected house, physical and geometric parameters of the heat exchanger tube. Part of the parameters when designing a ventilation system with earth-air heat exchangers couldn’t be changed. The one of the factors, the change which directly affects the process of heat transfer between ground and air, is convective heat transfer coefficient from the internal surface of the heat exchanger tube. In this article the designs of a horizontal earthair heat exchanger with heat pipes was proposed. The use of heat pipes in designs of a horizontal heat exchanger allows intensification of the process of heat exchange by turbulence of air flow inside the heat exchanger. Besides this, additionally heat transfer from the ground to the air is carried out at the expense of heat transfer in the heat pipe itself.
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Argiriou, Athanassios A., Spyridon P. Lykoudis, Constantinos A. Balaras et Demosthenes N. Asimakopoulos. « Experimental Study of a Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger Coupled to a Photovoltaic System ». Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 126, no 1 (1 février 2004) : 620–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1634584.

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Coupling a building to the ground as a heat sink through earth-to-air heat exchangers can reduce the cooling energy demand during summer. The fans for circulating the air through the heat exchangers are usually grid connected. However, given that the cooling loads are almost in phase with the available solar irradiance, an innovative system coupling an earth-to-air heat exchanger with a simple photovoltaic array has been designed. The experimental results are presented and discussed in this paper. The system was installed and studied in Athens, Greece during a summer period. The obtained results showed that the overall thermal performance of the system and the efficiencies involved indicate that earth-to-air heat exchangers are an interesting hybrid cooling technique and another field of application of photovoltaics.
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Qi, Di, Chuangyao Zhao, Shixiong Li, Ran Chen et Angui Li. « Numerical Assessment of Earth to Air Heat Exchanger with Variable Humidity Conditions in Greenhouses ». Energies 14, no 5 (3 mars 2021) : 1368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051368.

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Earth to air heat exchangers are widely utilized to cool or heat passive buildings for energy savings. They often need to deal with high humidity air conditions, especially in the greenhouse due to plant transpiration, and the condensation phenomenon is frequently observed during the cooling process. To evaluate the effect of humidity and condensation on thermal performance, a three dimensional computational fluid dynamic (3D-CFD) model was developed. The distribution of relative humidity in each pipe was investigated, and the impact of inlet air relative humidity on the integrated performance of the earth to air heat exchanger was discussed. The effects of inlet air temperature and volume flow rate were also analyzed. Moreover, the influence of the heat exchanger configurations on the performance of the air condensation was researched. The results indicated that condensation had few effects on the airflow distribution uniformity of the earth to air heat exchanger, while it acted observably on the thermal performance. In addition, humid air in a small diameter pipe tended to condense more easily. Humidity and condensation should be taken into consideration for the design of earth to air heat exchangers in greenhouses during engineering applications.
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Ascione, Fabrizio, Laura Bellia et Francesco Minichiello. « Earth-to-air heat exchangers for Italian climates ». Renewable Energy 36, no 8 (août 2011) : 2177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2011.01.013.

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Chiesa, Giacomo. « Climate-potential of earth-to-air heat exchangers ». Energy Procedia 122 (septembre 2017) : 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.300.

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Mihalakakou, Giouli, Manolis Souliotis, Maria Papadaki, George Halkos, John Paravantis, Sofoklis Makridis et Spiros Papaefthimiou. « Applications of earth-to-air heat exchangers : A holistic review ». Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 155 (mars 2022) : 111921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111921.

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Mihalakakou, G., M. Santamouris et D. Asimakopoulos. « On the cooling potential of earth to air heat exchangers ». Energy Conversion and Management 35, no 5 (mai 1994) : 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-8904(94)90098-1.

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Mihalakakou, G., M. Santamouris et D. Asimakopoulos. « Modelling the thermal performance of earth-to-air heat exchangers ». Solar Energy 53, no 3 (septembre 1994) : 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-092x(94)90636-x.

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Chlela, F., A. Husaunndee, P. Riederer et C. Inard. « Numerical Evaluation of Earth to Air Heat Exchangers and Heat Recovery Ventilation Systems ». International Journal of Ventilation 6, no 1 (juin 2007) : 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14733315.2007.11683762.

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Basok, Boris, Anatoliy Pavlenko, Aleksandr Nedbailo, Ihor Bozhko, Maryna Novitska, Hanna Koshlak et Myroslav Tkachenk. « Analysis of the Energy Efficiency of the Earth-To-Air Heat Exchanger ». Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska 24 (2022) : 202–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54740/ros.2022.015.

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This article represents the results of experimental studies of the temperature regime during long-term operation of the earth-to-air heat exchanger. The average annual, total monthly and average daily specific amounts of heat extracted from the soil or released into the soil mass, respectively, depending on the cold or warm periods of the year, were determined. The analysis of the given data allowed to conduct a monthly assessment of the energy efficiency of the use of the earth-to-air heat ex-changer. It is noted that the largest thermal contribution occurs in the middle of the warm and cold periods of the year, when the largest difference in temperature of the outside air and the soil massif is observed. The use of earth-to-air heat exchangers is one of the necessary tools in order to lowering the energy consumption for mod-ern air-conditioning systems of buildings due to their energy efficiency.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Earth-to-air heat exchangers"

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Alfadil, Mohammad Omar. « Design Tool for a Ground-Coupled Ventilation System ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/100604.

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Ground-coupled ventilation (GCV) is a system that exchanges heat with the soil. Because ground temperatures are relatively higher during the cold season and lower during the hot season, the system takes advantage of this natural phenomenon. This research focused on designing a ground-coupled ventilation system evaluation tool of many factors that affect system performance. The tool predicts the performance of GCV system design based on the GCV system design parameters including the location of the system, pipe length, pipe depth, pipe diameter, soil type, number of pipes, volume flow rate, and bypass system. The tool uses regression equations created from many GCV system design simulation data using Autodesk Computational Fluid Dynamics software. As a result, this tool helps users choose the most suitable GCV system design by comparing multiple GCV systems' design performances and allows them to save time, money, and effort.
Doctor of Philosophy
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Vaz, Joaquim. « Estudo experimental e numérico sobre o uso do solo como reservatório de energia para o aquecimento e resfriamento de ambientes edificados ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/28814.

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Objetivos: Este trabalho, abrangendo a área da transferência de calor e da mecânica dos fluidos, em seu desenvolvimento envolveu métodos analíticos, numéricos computacionais e experimentais (em ambiente de campo), com a finalidade de analisar o uso de trocadores de calor solo-ar, como estratégia para diminuir o consumo de energia convencional, no aquecimento ou resfriamento de ambientes construídos. Assim, um dos objetivos do estudo foi avaliar, com base em resultados experimentais, a performance do solo como um reservatório de energia, derivada da radiação solar. Buscou-se, pois, identificar parâmetros, procedimentos e condições favoráveis envolvendo esta estratégia. O outro objetivo do estudo foi, usando os softwares GAMBIT e FLUENT, modelar computacionalmente o escoamento do ar no trocador de calor solo-ar. Método: O estudo experimental e numérico foi precedido pela construção de uma edificação, especificamente concebida para a pesquisa, identificada como Casa Ventura. Em continuidade, foram enterrados dutos no solo, que conduziriam ar exterior e água (esta última por um período limitado) ao ambiente interno. No caso da condução de ar, o solo funcionaria como um reservatório de energia, aquecendo ou resfriando a ar. Já, no caso da condução de água, prevista com duto de baixa condutividade térmica, o solo funcionaria apenas como um protetor à radiação solar, para preservar as características térmicas da água, desde um reservatório, de onde a mesma era bombeada, até o interior da casa. Na Casa Ventura foram construídos dois ambientes centrais com características dimensionais e de envolvente equivalentes, constituindo os ambientes monitorados no processo, sendo um, na condição natural, referencial, sem renovação de ar, e o outro, com renovação de ar. Na parte experimental, o ar foi captado do ambiente externo e insuflado por um ventilador nos dutos enterrados, renovou o ar no interior deste último ambiente. Com ajuda de um fan-coil, colocado neste ambiente, o ar renovado trocou calor com a água. Por questões de dificuldades operacionais, o bombeamento de água funcionou por um período muito curto. Durante o experimento, que se desenvolveu por todo o ano de 2007, foram monitoradas e registradas, além da temperatura do solo e da água, a temperatura e a umidade: do ar externo, do ar nos ambientes internos e do ar em escoamento nos dutos enterrados, bem como a velocidade de escoamento nos mesmos. Resultados: De forma geral, o potencial do solo para aquecer foi maior do que o de resfriamento do ar injetado nos dutos enterrados. O potencial de aquecimento foi mais destacado nos meses de maio, junho, julho e agosto, e se mostrou maior que 3K. Para profundidades entre 2 e 3m, estima-se que o potencial possa ser superior a 8K. Por outro lado, o potencial de resfriamento foi maior nos meses de janeiro, fevereiro e dezembro, mas foi baixo para pequenas profundidades (menos de um metro). Para resfriamento, este potencial pode chegar a 4K. Contribuições da pesquisa: Face aos resultados da pesquisa, diversas foram as suas contribuições, dentre as quais se destacam: a construção de um banco de dados experimentais sobre as propriedades e características do solo (índices físicos, difusividade térmica, capacidade térmica volumétrica, condutividade térmica, temperatura e umidade) e do ar ambiente (temperatura e umidade) para o município de Viamão, localizado na região sul do Brasil, e que pode ser usado para a continuidade desta pesquisa ou para a elaboração de novas pesquisas e projetos; e o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia para a modelagem computacional de trocadores de calor solo-ar, validada através dos dados experimentais citados acima, possibilitando, assim, o emprego deste procedimento numérico, para a elaboração de projetos ou novas pesquisas nesta área.
Purpose: The development of the present work, comprising the area of heat transfer and fluids mechanics involved analytical, numerical computational and experimental (in field environment) methods, with the purpose of analyzing the use of earth-to-air heat exchanger, as a strategy to reduce conventional energy consumption, for the heating or cooling of built environments. Thus, one of the study purposes was to evaluate, based on experimental results, the earth performance as an energy reservoir, derived from solar radiation incidence on the surface of the ground. We aimed, then, at identifying favorable parameters, procedures and conditions involving this strategy. The other study purpose was, using the GAMBIT and FLUENT softwares, computationally modeling the air flow in the earth-to-air heat exchanger. Method: The experimental and numerical study was preceded by the construction of a building, specially planned for the research, called Casa Ventura. As a follow-up, ducts were buried on the ground, to conduct external air and water (the latter one for a limited period) to the internal environment of the house. In terms of air conduction, the earth would work as an energy reservoir, heating or cooling the air. Concerning the water conduction, planned to use a duct of low thermal conductivity, the earth would only work as a protector from solar radiation, to preserve the water thermal characteristics, when flowing from the water reservoir, where it would be taken from, to the inside of the house. At Casa Ventura two central environments were built with similar dimensional and envelope characteristics, constituting the environments monitored in the process, in which, one in the natural and referential condition, without air renovation, and the other, with air renovation. In the experimental part, the air was captured from the external environment and inflated by a fan in the buried ducts, and it renovated the air inside this latter environment. With the help of a fan-coil, placed in this environment, the renovated air exchanged heat with the water flowing through the ducts. Due to some operational difficulties, the pumping of water lasted for a very short period. During the experiment, which lasted through the whole year of 2007, besides the water and earth temperature, the temperature and humidity of the following were also monitored and registered: the external air, the air in the internal environments and the air flowing in the buried ducts, as well as the flowing speed of the different fluids. Results: In a general way, the earth potential to heat was higher than the cooling of air injected in the buried ducts. The heating potential was higher in the months of May, June, July and August, doing so by more 3K. For depths between 2 and 3m, it is estimated that the potential might be over 8K. On the other hand, the potential for cooling was higher in the months of January, February and December, but it was low for low depths (less than a meter). For cooling, this potential may reach 4K. Research contributions: Considering the research results, several were the contributions, among which we highlight: the construction of an experimental database on the earth properties and characteristics (physical indexes, thermal diffusivity, volumetric heat capacity, thermal conductivity, temperature and humidity) and the environmental characteristics of the air (temperature and humidity) for the city of Viamão, located in Southern Brazil, and that may be used for the continuation of this research or for the elaboration of new researches and projects; and the development of a methodology for computational modeling of earth-to-air heat exchangers, validated through the experimental data mentioned before, enabling, therefore, the use of this numerical procedure for the elaboration of projects or new researches in this area.
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Taurines, Kevin. « Modelling and experimental analysis of a geothermal ventilated foundation ». Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI100/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur l’analyse thermique et énergétique d’une fondation géothermique ventilée. A l’instar des échangeurs air-sol classiques (EAHE), celle-ci permet de rafraichir ou préchauffer selon la saison l’air destiné au renouvellement sanitaire des bâtiments. Face aux contraintes de rationalisation des consommations et aux exigences de confort thermique croissantes, ces systèmes passifs apparaissent comme étant prometteurs. Le principe de cette fondation est simple et similaire à celui des EAHE : faire circuler de l’air dans une conduite enterrée dans le sol (un à trois mètres) pour qu’il bénéficie - via convection - de l’inertie thermique du sol. La différence réside dans le fait que le canal dans lequel circule l’air n’est pas un tube en PVC ou aluminium mais fait partie intégrante de la structure du bâtiment, à savoir la fondation en béton armé. Ceci présente comme avantage majeur le gain de place lié à l’espace requis pour l’enfouissement des tuyaux. D’un point de vue thermique, la fondation échange non seulement de la chaleur avec le sol exposé aux sollicitations météorologiques mais aussi, et simultanément, aux sollicitations venant du bâtiment. De plus, la profondeur de la fondation – imposée par des raisons structurelles et économiques – est moindre que pour un EAHE traditionnel. Additionné au fait que le béton est poreux, la présence d’humidité peut fortement influencer la performance thermique de la fondation. Le présent travail propose donc d’étudier le comportement thermique complexe de cette fondation par deux approches. La première est expérimentale : un EHPAD équipé de deux fondations a été lourdement instrumenté et des données ont été accumulées sur plus d’un an. L’autre est numérique : deux modèles validés par comparaison avec les données expérimentales ont été développés. Le premier a vocation d’outil de dimensionnement, l’autre de compréhension fine des phénomènes physiques et prends en compte les transferts couplés de chaleur et de masse
This thesis deals with the thermal and energy analysis of a geothermal ventilated fonudation. Similarly to earth-to-air heat exchangers (EAHE) this foundation enables, according to the season, to preheat or to cool down the air for the hygienic air change. Considering the energy consumption constraints and the buildings users thermal comfort desire, these systems appears to be relevant. The principle of this foundation is simple: to force the air to circulate in a hollowed beam buried into the ground (1 to 3m depth) so that it takes advantage - via convection - to the thermal inertia of the ground. The difference lays on the fact that the channel is not a plastic or aluminium pipe but it a part of the building structure, namely the reinforced concrete foundation. This induces a significant space gain, usually devoted to the pipe burying. From a thermal point of view, the foundation exchanges heat with both the soil beneath the building, and with the soil exposed to the weather thermal loads. Furthermore, the depth - imposed by structural and economical purposees - is lower than that of traditional EAHE. In addition to the fact that concrete is a porous material, the humidity content may strongly influence the thermal performance of the foundation. The current work thus proposes to study the complex thermal behaviour of this foundation in two ways. The first is experimental: an retirement home equipped with two foundation has been intensively instrumented and data recorded over more than one year. The other is numerical: two models validated against the experimental data have been developed. The first is intended to be a designing tool, the second a tool to allow a fine comprehension of the physical phenomenon and take into account coupled heat and moisture transfers
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MORSHED, WASSEEM. « IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT IN POULTRY FACILITY ». Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1079078.

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Earth-to-air heat exchangers (EAHEs) can reduce the energy consumption required for the heating and cooling of buildings. Besides soil temperature and composition, soil moisture can affect thermal performance of EAHE. The aim of this study was to compare thermal performance of EAHE in dry and artificially wetted soil. Tests were carried out in the Basra Province (Iraq), in a semi-desert area. Two experimental EAHEs were built and tested from June 2013 to February 2014, plus the entire month of August 2014. Pipe exchangers were buried at 2 m depth. One EAHE operated in dry soil (DE), while the other one in artificially wetted soil (WE). In the WE system, a drip tubing placed 10 cm above the air pipe wetted the soil around the exchanger. Air temperature at the inlet, at 12.5 m and 24.5 m distance and at the outlet of both of the exchangers, as well as soil temperature at 2 m depth, 25 cm, 50 cm and 100 cm far from the pipe were continuously monitored. The experimental results confirmed that wetting the soil around EAHE improves the general heat exchange efficiency. In the hottest day of the hottest period, the WE system recorded an average cooling coefficient performance of 9.39 against 7.69 of the DE. In the coldest day of the coldest period, the WE system recorded an average heating coefficient performance of 11.08 against 9.86 of the DE. On maximum, in the hottest hours of the day, the ∆t of the WE was 12.60°C while in the DE it was 10.60°C. Moreover, during the nighttime in summer, the WE system warmed the air more than the DE system.
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Zhao, Min Zhong. « Simulation of earth-to-air heat exchanger systems ». Thesis, 2004. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/7945/1/MQ91158.pdf.

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Solar energy accumulated in the soil may be utilized with earth-to-air heat exchangers (ETAHEs), which have a single tube or a group of tubes buried into the ground. The use of such a system requires a complex dimensioning process, which involves optimization of numerous parameters such as the airflow rate, tube length, depth, and diameter; in the meantime, some potentially adverse aspects of the system such as condensation have to be considered. In this thesis, first a transient control volume model is presented to investigate the transient soil heat rejection around an ETAHE. Then, a 1-D steady-state model is developed by combining a control volume model with an analytical solution for prediction of ETAHE outlet temperature, relative humidity and condensation (if any). The model is validated against two sets of published experimental data. By trying various combinations of different parameters, one may find an optimal dimension for an ETAHE system. Application of this technique in Montreal climate is also analyzed. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Sousa, Élio de Castro. « Aplicabilidade de sistemas de ventilação com permutador de calor ar-solo no clima português ». Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/36181.

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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Civil
As exigências da sociedade moderna e os seus hábitos estão a transformar o planeta Terra, desgastando os seus recursos naturais e poluindo os solos, a água e a atmosfera. O elevado ritmo de consumo energético, especialmente no sector da construção, tem levado a um intenso estudo de desenvolvimento e à utilização de energias renováveis com o objetivo de reduzi-lo até um nível sustentável. As Diretivas Comunitárias e a legislação portuguesa atualmente em vigor apontam para o aumento da eficiência energética dos edifícios, conseguindo-o através do aumento do isolamento térmico da envolvente, do melhoramento da estanquicidade ao ar dos envidraçados e da implementação de um mínimo horário de renovações do ar interior. No entanto, tem-se verificado que se com o aumento do isolamento da envolvente se conseguem reduzir os fluxos de calor entre o exterior e o interior, com a renovação de ar por hora aumenta-se as necessidades de aquecimento e por vezes de arrefecimento. Neste contexto, a utilização conjunta de sistemas de ventilação convencionais e de permutadores de calor com tubos enterrados no solo, pode trazer benefícios na redução dos consumos energéticos das necessidades de aquecimento e arrefecimento. Nestes sistemas, o ar insuflado é pré-aquecido ou pré-arrefecido ao circular nos tubos, dependendo da temperatura do ar em relação ao solo. Estas diferenças de temperatura podem atingir valores durante os picos de calor ou de frio, suficientes para reduzir significativamente ou eliminar a necessidade de equipamentos de aquecimento e arrefecimento. Tendo em conta que o referido sistema já foi alvo de variados estudos e é amplamente utilizado em vários países, pretende-se com este estudo a comparação direta entre os comportamentos térmicos de um edifício com e sem um sistema de tubos enterrados. Em adição, pretende-se estudar parametricamente a influência que os parâmetros de comprimento, diâmetro, profundidade e tipo de material dos tubos exercem na performance do sistema. Para isso, utilizar-se-á o programa de simulação energética “EnergyPlus” de modo a avaliar o desempenho da manutenção do conforto térmico num ambiente doméstico em várias zonas de Portugal.
The demands of modern society and its habits are changing the planet Earth, wearing out natural resources and polluting the soil, water and atmosphere. The high rate of energy consumption, especially in the construction sector, has led to an intense study, development and use of renewable energy in order to reduce it to a sustainable level. The Community Policies and Portuguese legislation currently in effect lead to an improvement of buildings' energy efficiency, achieving it by increasing thermal insulation of the external envelope, improving the air tightness of the glazing and the implementation of a minimum legal value of interior air changes per hour. However, it has been found that if with increased thickness of the surrounding insulation the heat flow between the inside and the outside is reduced, the imposed air changes per hour increase the energy consumption for heating and cooling. In this context, the joint use of conventional HVAC and earth-to-air heat exchanger systems can bring benefits in reducing energy consumption for heating and cooling. In these systems, the insufflated air is preheated or precooled, depending on the difference between the soil and air temperatures, when it flows through the buried pipes. These temperature difference can reach values, at the peaks of heat or cool, enough to significantly reduce or eliminate the need for heating and cooling equipment. Considering that this system has been the subject of various studies and is widely used in various countries, the aim of this study is the direct comparison of the thermal behaviour of a building with and without the buried pipes' system. In addition, it is intended to perform a parametrical study which determines the system's performance influence of parameters such as length, diameter, depth and pipes' material. For this, the energy simulation program "EnergyPlus" shall be used, in order to evaluate the thermal performance of the earth-to-air heat exchanger system applied in a residential environment in several places of Portugal.
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Livres sur le sujet "Earth-to-air heat exchangers"

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Benestad, Rasmus. Climate in the Barents Region. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.655.

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The Barents Sea is a region of the Arctic Ocean named after one of its first known explorers (1594–1597), Willem Barentsz from the Netherlands, although there are accounts of earlier explorations: the Norwegian seafarer Ottar rounded the northern tip of Europe and explored the Barents and White Seas between 870 and 890 ce, a journey followed by a number of Norsemen; Pomors hunted seals and walruses in the region; and Novgorodian merchants engaged in the fur trade. These seafarers were probably the first to accumulate knowledge about the nature of sea ice in the Barents region; however, scientific expeditions and the exploration of the climate of the region had to wait until the invention and employment of scientific instruments such as the thermometer and barometer. Most of the early exploration involved mapping the land and the sea ice and making geographical observations. There were also many unsuccessful attempts to use the Northeast Passage to reach the Bering Strait. The first scientific expeditions involved F. P. Litke (1821±1824), P. K. Pakhtusov (1834±1835), A. K. Tsivol’ka (1837±1839), and Henrik Mohn (1876–1878), who recorded oceanographic, ice, and meteorological conditions.The scientific study of the Barents region and its climate has been spearheaded by a number of campaigns. There were four generations of the International Polar Year (IPY): 1882–1883, 1932–1933, 1957–1958, and 2007–2008. A British polar campaign was launched in July 1945 with Antarctic operations administered by the Colonial Office, renamed as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS); it included a scientific bureau by 1950. It was rebranded as the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) in 1962 (British Antarctic Survey History leaflet). While BAS had its initial emphasis on the Antarctic, it has also been involved in science projects in the Barents region. The most dedicated mission to the Arctic and the Barents region has been the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), which has commissioned a series of reports on the Arctic climate: the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA) report, the Snow Water Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (SWIPA) report, and the Adaptive Actions in a Changing Arctic (AACA) report.The climate of the Barents Sea is strongly influenced by the warm waters from the Norwegian current bringing heat from the subtropical North Atlantic. The region is 10°C–15°C warmer than the average temperature on the same latitude, and a large part of the Barents Sea is open water even in winter. It is roughly bounded by the Svalbard archipelago, northern Fennoscandia, the Kanin Peninsula, Kolguyev Island, Novaya Zemlya, and Franz Josef Land, and is a shallow ocean basin which constrains physical processes such as currents and convection. To the west, the Greenland Sea forms a buffer region with some of the strongest temperature gradients on earth between Iceland and Greenland. The combination of a strong temperature gradient and westerlies influences air pressure, wind patterns, and storm tracks. The strong temperature contrast between sea ice and open water in the northern part sets the stage for polar lows, as well as heat and moisture exchange between ocean and atmosphere. Glaciers on the Arctic islands generate icebergs, which may drift in the Barents Sea subject to wind and ocean currents.The land encircling the Barents Sea includes regions with permafrost and tundra. Precipitation comes mainly from synoptic storms and weather fronts; it falls as snow in the winter and rain in the summer. The land area is snow-covered in winter, and rivers in the region drain the rainwater and meltwater into the Barents Sea. Pronounced natural variations in the seasonal weather statistics can be linked to variations in the polar jet stream and Rossby waves, which result in a clustering of storm activity, blocking high-pressure systems. The Barents region is subject to rapid climate change due to a “polar amplification,” and observations from Svalbard suggest that the past warming trend ranks among the strongest recorded on earth. The regional change is reinforced by a number of feedback effects, such as receding sea-ice cover and influx of mild moist air from the south.
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Earth-to-air heat exchangers"

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Havtun, Hans, et Caroline Törnqvist. « Reducing Ventilation Energy Demand by Using Air-to-Earth Heat Exchangers ». Dans Sustainability in Energy and Buildings, 717–29. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36645-1_65.

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Havtun, Hans, et Caroline Törnqvist. « Reducing Ventilation Energy Demand by Using Air-to-Earth Heat Exchangers ». Dans Sustainability in Energy and Buildings, 731–42. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36645-1_66.

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Santamouris, M., G. Agas, T. Matsagos, T. Argyriou et K. Theofilaktos. « Performance Evaluation of Buildings Associated with Earth to Air Heat Exchangers. The Cooling Potential ». Dans Architecture and Urban Space, 637–42. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0778-7_95.

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Chiesa, Giacomo. « Ventilative Cooling in Combination with Other Natural Cooling Solutions : Earth-to-Air Heat Exchangers—EAHX ». Dans Innovations in Ventilative Cooling, 191–211. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72385-9_9.

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Sghiouri, Haitham, Mouatassim Charai, Ahmed Mezrhab et Mustapha Karkri. « Validation and Numerical Study of an Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger for Cooling and Preheating ». Dans Advances in Smart Technologies Applications and Case Studies, 638–46. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53187-4_70.

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Rodríguez-Vázquez, M., I. Hernández-Pérez, J. Xamán, Y. Chávez et F. Noh-Pat. « Computational Fluid Dynamics for Thermal Evaluation of Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger for Different Climates of Mexico ». Dans CFD Techniques and Thermo-Mechanics Applications, 33–51. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70945-1_3.

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Nguyen, Viet Tuan, Y. Quoc Nguyen et Trieu Nhat Huynh. « Natural Ventilation and Cooling of a House with a Solar Chimney Coupled with an Earth – To – Air Heat Exchanger ». Dans Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 158–68. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3239-6_13.

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Sakhri, Nasreddine, Belkacem Draoui, Younes Menni, Ebrahim Elkhali Lairedj, Soufiane Merabti et Noureddine Kaid. « Experimental Study of Thermal and Hygrometric Behavior of Earth to Air Heat Exchanger with Two Working Regimes in Arid Region ». Dans ICREEC 2019, 53–59. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5444-5_7.

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Ozgener, Leyla, et Onder Ozgener. « Earth to Air Heat Exchangers (EAHE) : Energy and Exergy Efficiencies ». Dans Encyclopedia of Energy Engineering and Technology, Second Edition, 415–21. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/e-eee2-120047390.

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Hasan, Nasim, Mohd Arif et Mohaideen Abdul Khader. « Earth Air Tunnel Heat Exchanger for Building Cooling and Heating ». Dans Heat Transfer - Design, Experimentation and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99348.

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The computational fluid dynamic (CFD) is an influential method for measuring Heat transfer profiles for typical meteorological years. CFD codes are managed by numerical algorithms that may undertake fluid glide headaches. CFD offers the numerical results of partial differential equations with main airflow and heat transfer in a discretized association. The complex fluid glide and the warmth transfer publications worried in any heat exchanger can be determined with the help of the CFD software program (Ansys Fluent). A study states and framework which implicitly rely on the computational fluid dynamics, which is being formulated for computing the efficiency-related parameters of the thermal part and the capability of the EATHE system for cooling. A CFD simulation program is being used for modeling the system. The framework is being validated with the help of the simulation set-up. A thermal model was developed to analyze thermal energy accumulated in soil/ground for the purpose of room cooling/heating of buildings in the desert (hot and dry) climate of the Bikaner region. In this study, the optimization of EATHE design has been performed for finding the thermal performance of straight, spiral, and helical pipe earth air tunnel heat exchanger and Heat transfer rate for helical pipe was found maximum among all designs.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Earth-to-air heat exchangers"

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De Paepe, Michel, Christophe T’Joen, Arnold Janssens et Marijke Steeman. « Earth-Air and Earth-Water Heat Exchanger Design for Ventilation Systems in Buildings ». Dans 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22459.

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Earth-air heat exchangers are often used for (pre)heating or (pre)cooling of ventilation air in low energy or passive house standard buildings. Several studies have been published in the passed about the performance of these earth-air heat exchangers [1–8]. Often this is done in relation to the building energy use. Several software codes are available with which the behaviour of the earth-air heat exchanger can be simulated. De Paepe and Janssens published a simplified design methodology for earth-air heat exchangers, based on thermal to hydraulic performance optimisation [7]. Through dynamic simulations and measurements it was shown that the methodology is quite conservative [9–10]. Hollmu¨ller added an earth-air heat exchanger model to TRNSYS [11]. In stead of using earth-air heat exchangers, earth-water heat exchangers are now getting more attention. In this system the ventilation air is indirectly cooled/heated with the water flow in a fin-tube heat exchanger in the inlet of the ventilation channel. The water-glycol mixture transfers heat with the earth by flowing through e.g. a polyethylene tube. In the second part of this paper a design methodology is first derived and then applied to this type of system.
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Boithias, Florent, Jian Zhang, Mohamed El Mankibi, Fariborz Haghighat et Pierre Michel. « Simple model and control strategy of earth-to-air heat exchangers ». Dans 2009 International Conference on Advances in Computational Tools for Engineering Applications (ACTEA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/actea.2009.5227835.

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Navarro, Nibia, Marcos Burlon, Ana Maria Domingues, Honório Joaquim Fernando, Jairo Ramalho et Ruth Brum. « ACCESSING THE THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF EARTH-AIR HEAT EXCHANGERS BY ADDING GALVANIZED BRIDGES TO THE SOIL ». Dans 26th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2021.cob2021-1446.

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Wang, H. J., J. T. Wu, B. Wang, L. F. Feng et D. Y. Niu. « TRNSYS analysis of energy-saving performance in earth-to-air heat exchangers coupled with building freshair systems ». Dans 6th International Conference on Energy and Environment of Residential Buildings (ICEERB 2014). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2014.1622.

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Domingues, Ana Maria, Jairo Ramalho et Honório Joaquim Fernando. « Evaluating the performance of Earth-air heat exchangers coupled to a galvanized square cylinder under different installation depths ». Dans 19th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences and Engineering. ABCM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.encit2022.cit22-0361.

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Hegazy, Anwar, Alison Subiantoro et Stuart Norris. « Closed Greenhouse Heating in an Arid Egyptian Winter Using Earth-Air Heat Exchangers ». Dans ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69509.

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Abstract In cold climate regions, closed greenhouses with minimal ventilation minimize the energy requirement for heating compared to open-ventilated greenhouses. In this paper, a model of a closed greenhouse with Earth-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) heating is presented and simulations are performed using climate data of a representative day of the coldest month of the year (i.e. January) at the case study location, Hurghada, Egypt. A comparison is made between a closed greenhouse with and without EAHE heating. The simulations show that without heating the greenhouse interior temperature drops below the minimum temperature for cultivation (20°C) during the early and late hours of the day. Furthermore, at midday the temperature inside the greenhouse exceeded the maximum temperature for cultivation (30°C). The results showed that EAHE enabled the greenhouse interior to be maintained at a temperature suitable for plant cultivation, cooling during the day and warming at night. Further, the variability in relative humidity was reduced from 35% to 15%, simplifying the control of the humidity within the greenhouse. Additional simulations that cover the winter period (November to February), demonstrated that the EAHE is a viable sustainable method for temperature regulation without any requirement for additional heating.
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Kayaci, Nurullah, Hakan Demir, Ş. Özgür Atayılmaz et Özden Ağra. « Long Term Simulation of Horizontal Ground Heat Exchanger for Ground Source Heat Pump ». Dans ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51552.

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The earth is an energy resource which has more suitable and stable temperatures than air. Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHPs) were developed to use ground energy for residential heating. The most important part of a GSHP is the Ground Heat Exchanger (GHE) that consists of pipes buried in the soil and is used for transferring heat between the soil and the heat exchanger of the GSHP. Soil composition, density, moisture and burial depth of pipes affect the size of a GHE. There are plenty of works on ground source heat pumps and ground heat exchangers in the literature. Most of the works on ground heat exchangers are based on the heat transfer in the soil and temperature distribution around the coil. Some of the works for thermo-economic optimization of thermal systems are based on thermodynamic cycles. GHEs is commonly sized according to short time (one year or less) simulation algorithms. Variation of soil temperature in long time period is more important and, therefore, long term simulation is required to be assure the performance of the GSHP system. In this study, long time (10 years) simulation for parallel pipe GHE of a GSHP system was performed numerically with dynamical boundary conditions. In the numerical study ANSYS CFD package was used. This package uses a technique based on control volume theory to convert the governing equations to algebraic equations so they can be solved numerically. The control volume technique works by performing the integration of the governing equations about each control volume, and then generates discretization of the equations which conserve each quantity based on control volume. Thermal boundary conditions can be defined in four different types in ANSYS Fluent: Constant heat flux, constant temperature, convection-radiation and convection. In this study, periodic variation of air temperature boundary at upper surface condition is applied, the lateral and bottom surface of the solution domain are defined as adiabatic wall type boundary condition; the pipe inner surface is taken as wall with a constant heat flux. In order to provide the periodic variation of air temperature boundary at upper surface condition a User Defined Function (UDF) was written and interpreted in ANSYS Fluent. Likewise, a UDF was also written to give constant heat flux intermittently for the pipe inner surface. Constant heat flux of 10, 20, 30 W per unit length of pipe used for calculations. Effects of distance between pipes and thermal conductivity on temperature distribution in the soil were investigated. Heat transfer in the soil is time dependent three dimensional heat conduction with dynamical boundary conditions. Temperature distribution in soil were obtained and storage effect of the soil has also been investigated. An optimization methodology based on long term simulation of GHE was suggested.
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Vidmar, Robert J. « Converting Moist Air Into Water and Power ». Dans ASME 2008 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2008-60032.

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A method to process moist air into dry air and water results in a surplus of energy for the process. The sun evaporates water everywhere on earth and expends 2.26 MJ/kg (429.9 Btu/lbm) for each kg (2.204 lbm) of water evaporated. A mass of 1 kg (2.204 lbm) of water with a mixing ratio of 0.3% in dry air represents 2.26 MJ (199 Btu) of latent heat energy distributed in a volume of approximately 333 cubic meters (11,759 cubic feet). A system is described by which ambient water vapor is enriched, condensed with the release of latent heat in a heat-exchange boiler, which vaporizes a working fluid used in a Rankine-cycle turbine generator system. Water vapor enrichment is achieved with a vapor-separation barrier. Fans draw moist air through an air-intake system which brings the air into contact with a large surface-area vapor-separation barrier. The intake of a compressor imposes a vacuum on the extraction side of the barrier at a pressure that is lower than the ambient water-vapor pressure. This pressure difference drives water vapor across the barrier into the compressor. A two-stage compressor is used to maintain the low pressure and convey water vapor at high temperature and near atmospheric pressure to a heat-exchange boiler. Two processes occur in the heat-exchange boiler: 1) water vapor condenses and is pumped out of the boiler, and 2) heat is transferred to a working fluid that vaporizes. The vaporized working fluid drives a turbine in a Rankine cycle with condenser. Exhaust heat from the turbine is dissipated with a water-cooled condenser. An air-cooled rock-bed system is suggested as an alternative, when water cooling is not possible. Current advances in materials, the efficiency of turbomachinery, and the effectiveness of heat exchangers suggest that a system can be conceived that is completely fueled by moist air and produces water and excess shaft horsepower that can be converted into electricity. The analysis treats turbomachinery and heat exchangers as ideal components constrained by the Carnot and isentropic efficiencies. Pumps and fans are treated as components with state-of-the-art efficiency. System computations for an ideal 100% efficient system indicate that approximately 25% of the latent heat can be converted to electricity. For a system made with contemporary state-of-the art components a yield of a few percent is predicted. Principles of operation and engineering details are quantified.
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Schmitz, G., A. Joos et W. Casas. « Experiences With Thermal Driven, Desiccant Assisted Air Conditioning Systems in Germany ». Dans ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42192.

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During summer, the use of conventional electrically driven air conditioning systems often results in high electricity consumption. On the other hand, heat demand is very low, therefore heat from Combined Heat and Power plants (CHP) or from solar collectors can not be used. Thermal driven desiccant assisted air conditioning systems offer the possibility to shift energy requirements from electricity to heat. Furthermore, as sorptive pre-drying air doesn’t require cooling under dew point for dehumidifying nor any subsequent heating, cold sources at higher temperatures (e.g. 18°C) can be used for cooling. Within the scope of research projects, different demonstration plants for office buildings and a private bungalow were built, where the operations were evaluated by the Hamburg University of Technology. One plant combines a desiccant wheel with a small (5 kWel) gas driven co-generation plant. Instead of an electric chiller or a water evaporation system (desiccant evaporating cooling), borehole heat exchangers in combination with a radiant floor heating system were used for cooling in summer. In this paper, performance comparisons with conventional systems based on numerical simulations and measurement data are shown, including a cost analysis. It is found that the combination of desiccant wheels and earth energy systems offers considerable energy savings compared to conventional electric systems. The operation of such systems is also cost-effective. It can lead to a reduction of up to 28% of primary energy consumption in a whole year compared to a conventional A/C system.
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Tomoda, Kento, Yasuyuki Shiraishi et Dirk Saelens. « Operational control of earth-to-air heat exchanger using reinforcement learning ». Dans 2021 Building Simulation Conference. KU Leuven, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2021.30448.

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