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1
Spadaro, Carmela Maria. « A Deo Coronato. Sovranità cristiforme e rappresentazioni del potere nel Regno di Napoli tra Normanni, Angioini e Borbone ». Italian Review of Legal History, no 8 (21 décembre 2022) : 7–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2464-8914/19249.
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Il Cristo Pantocratore assunto come modello iconografico per rappresentare la sovranità nel Regnum Siciliae in età normanno-sveva, lasciava il posto in età angioina alla paupertas che, per effetto della predicazione francescana accolta dai sovrani napoletani, diventava elemento ineludibile di legittimità del potere regio. In una lettera scritta dal frate francescano Angelo Clareno a Filippo di Majorca, fratello della regina Sancha di Napoli, sono delineati i caratteri del sovrano cristiforme, che esercita il potere in qualità di amministratore del Regno, il cui unico titolare è Cristo: a Deo coronato è solo il sovrano che si fa povero, spogliandosi di ogni brama di potere e volontà di dominio ed usando le ricchezze pubbliche al solo scopo di provvedere alle necessità dei sudditi. La novitas francescana incentrata sul precetto del sine proprio codificato nella Regola di Francesco di Assisi, mutava la rappresentazione e le prospettive della sovranità, introducendo nel diritto pubblico del Regno concetti giuridici destinati ad ampliare la gamma dei significati di proprietas e di dominium. Con sguardo retrospettivo ed in continuità con la tradizione del Regno, l’ultimo re delle Due Sicilie Francesco II di Borbone faceva appello agli antichi diritti del trono di Ruggero e di Carlo III per difendere la legittima sovranità delle Due Sicilie, richiamando così l’immagine del sovrano a Deo coronato la cui condotta politica non poteva che ispirarsi al modello della christiformitas: una prospettiva della sovranità che di lì a poco sarebbe stata travolta dagli eventi rivoluzionari in corso in tutta Europa, dei quali tuttavia potrebbe fornire un’inedita chiave di lettura, proponendosi come momento di riflessione sulla storia italiana ed europea degli ultimi due secoli.
2
Faustini, Giuseppe. « Il Regno delle due Sicilie e le potenze europee 1830–1861 ». Journal of Modern Italian Studies 18, no 4 (septembre 2013) : 525–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1354571x.2013.810828.
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Schininà, Giovanni. « Una potenza euromediterranea ? L'Austria di Metternich e il Regno delle Due Sicilie ». ARCHIVIO STORICO PER LA SICILIA ORIENTALE, no 1 (mars 2017) : 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asso2017-001007.
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Delpu, Pierre-Marie. « Renata DE LORENZO, Borbonia felix. Il Regno delle Due Sicilie alla vigilia del crollo ». Revue d'histoire du XIXe siècle, no 48 (1 juin 2014) : 211–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/rh19.4713.
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Chiaruttini, C., et L. Siro. « Focal mechanism of an earthquake of Baroque age in the “Regno delle Due Sicilie” (Southern Italy) ». Tectonophysics 193, no 1-3 (juillet 1991) : 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(91)90199-3.
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Scotti Douglas, Vittorio. « Napoli e Torino, due rivoluzioni sull’esempio di Cadice ». Pasado y Memoria. Revista de Historia Contemporánea, no 22 (28 janvier 2021) : 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/pasado2021.22.02.
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Dopo una breve introduzione sui secolari rapporti tra Spagna e Italia, il saggio presenta un esame sommario della Costituzione di Cadice e si sofferma poi sulla situazione italiana agli inizi della Restaurazione, analizzando in dettaglio e in profondità il caso del Regno delle Due Sicilie e del Regno di Sardegna dal punto di vista politico e sociale, spiegando come la Costituzione di Cadice fosse divenuta la parola d’ordine del movimento patriottico italiano. Il testo continua indicando come l’insurrezione costituzionale spagnola del 1820 abbia costituito il detonatore della rivoluzione di Napoli dello stesso anno, e mette in luce le reazioni della società napoletana al nuovo regime politico, soffermandosi sul dibattito culturale e politico che si svolse sulla stampa. Si passa poi alla rivoluzione piemontese, mettendo nuovamente in risalto come l’insieme dei patrioti decidesse di adottare la Costituzione di Cadice dopo molte accese discussioni, e come infine la rivoluzione fallisse da un lato per la condotta pusillanime del Principe Reggente Carlo Alberto, dall’altro per la sostanziale apatia e indifferenza delle classi popolari, che non scorgevano alcun possibile vantaggio materiale immediato in un nuovo sistema politico. Infine l’Autore, che vuole qui sottolineare l’impiego di una bibliografia basata essenzialmente su fonti contemporanee e di testimoni oculari, conclude l’opera tracciando un parallelo tra patrioti spagnoli e italiani, uniti nel comune destino della lotta per la libertà e l’indipendenza.
7
Antonini, Erica. « Una Rivoluzione per la Costituzione. Note sull'ultima opera di Maria Sofia Corciulo ». RIVISTA TRIMESTRALE DI SCIENZA DELL'AMMINISTRAZIONE, no 1 (mars 2012) : 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sa2012-001007.
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La rivoluzione napoletana del 1820-21 č stata singolarmente ritenuta da una consistente parte della storiografia italiana un moto marginale, pressoché slegato dalle successive vicende risorgimentali, soprattutto a causa della sua breve durata (luglio 1820-marzo 1821) e del presunto limitato impatto esercitato sulla popolazione del regno delle Due Sicilie. In esplicita controtendenza rispetto a tale approssimativa valutazione si pone l'ultima opera di Maria Sofia Corciulo, Una Rivoluzione per la Costituzione (1820-'21) - dal significativo sottotitolo Agli albori del Risorgimento Meridionale - che, tramite l'approfondita analisi di un ricco materiale storico-archivistico, propone una decisa "rivalutazione" dell'evento, sotto il profilo istituzionale e, originalmente, socio-culturale.
8
Sonetti, Silvia. « La fine delle Due Sicilie nelle cronache della "Gazzetta di Gaeta". Alle origini della causa perduta (1860-1861) ». IL RISORGIMENTO, no 1 (octobre 2018) : 23–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/riso2018-001003.
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Lacriola, Michele. « Un principe marinaio. La figura di Luigi di Borbone, conte d'Aquila, nella crisi della Marina delle Due Sicilie ». IL RISORGIMENTO, no 2 (février 2019) : 139–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/riso2018-002005.
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Di Mauro, Luca. « Un progetto di congiura assolutista durante l'ottimestre costituzionale del 1820-21 ». IL RISORGIMENTO, no 2 (novembre 2022) : 7–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/riso2022-002001.
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L'adozione della costituzione spagnola nelle Due Sicilie a seguito del moto carbonaro di Nola non interrompe l'attività politica delle società segrete che aveva caratterizzato il decennio precedente. Durante gli otto mesi del reme rappresentativo la clandestinità continua a essere considerata uno strumento politico e formazioni democratiche, liberali e reazionarie si muo- vono nell'ombra per modificare o rovesciare il governo. Le carte del fondo Ministero di grazia e giustizia dell'Archivio di Stato di Napoli restituiscono le indagini della polizia del regime costituzionale napoletano su di una congiura della società reazionaria dei calderari, preparata tra il dicembre 1820 e il febbraio 1821. Pur se rimasta priva di effetti pratici, l'azione del nucleo legittimista mette in luce una rete composita di azione e reclutamento e consente di analizzare le ragioni - politiche o personali - alla base della politicizzazione dei differenti gruppi sociali coinvolti nel progetto.
11
Calefati, Christopher. « «Gli abbiamo tagliato la testa». Repertori e attori dell'iconoclastia politica nelle Puglie del 1848-49 ». SOCIETÀ E STORIA, no 174 (janvier 2022) : 700–723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ss2021-174002.
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L'articolo si focalizza sulle forme di violenza iconoclasta durante la mobilitazione del 1848-49 nelle province di Puglia. Al centro dell'analisi vi è l'attenzione sulle pratiche simboliche di dissenso politico, che vedono nelle immagini reali il loro bersaglio per il recupero di spazi d'azione. La presenza del regime nelle aree periferiche del Regno delle Due Sicilie era spesso determinata da un ampio repertorio di busti, statue e ritratti che diventano obbiettivi sensibili durante le proteste nei confronti del sovrano. Il pattern iconoclasta è riletto attraverso la risemantizzazione di questa pratica in chiave politica, in quanto evoluzione delle manifestazioni collettive popolari che in passato fungono da strumento di risoluzione delle controversie locali, e che nell'ottocento assumono una rilevante portata comunicativa. La rottura definitiva dei rapporti politici tra le élites locali e la monarchia, dopo gli eventi del 15 maggio a Napoli, porta ai tentativi di liberazione dello spazio pubblico provinciale dai simboli reali con la successiva instaurazione di nuove idee e forme politiche che mirano a coinvolgere la maggioranza della popolazione attraverso l'esecuzione figurata del sovrano.
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Catalfo, Pierluigi, Gustavo Barresi et Carmelo Marisca. « Lo stato di avanzamento della contabilità pubblica nel Regno delle Due Sicilie nella prospettiva culturale di Francesco Dias "Uffiziale di carico nel Real Ministero di Stato delle Finanze" ». CONTABILITÀ E CULTURA AZIENDALE, no 2 (décembre 2015) : 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/cca2015-002002.
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Di Mauro, Luca. « Fratture nel contre-monde liberale. Riferimenti costituzionali e società segrete tra Napoli e Spagna durante il Trienio 1820-23 ». SOCIETÀ E STORIA, no 171 (février 2021) : 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ss2021-171002.
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La scelta della Spagna come meta d'esilio per molti dei napoletani che avevano animato l'ottimestre costituzionale delle Due Sicilie risponde a una serie di esigenze oggettive - pratiche, politiche, linguistiche - ma testimonia soprattutto della convinzione, per i protagonisti, di proseguire la lotta momentaneamente interrotta dalla disfatta di Rieti - Antrodoco contro gli austriaci continuando, in un paese dalle condizioni politiche e culturali ragionevolmente simili a quelle di provenienza, a combattere lo stesso nemico, la Santa Alleanza, per sua natura transnazionale e responsabile, al pari di Ferdinando I, della fine violenta dell'esperimento costituzionale. La comunità transfuga nella penisola iberica, senza per questo ignorare le conseguenze della disfatta nel Meridione, conserva la convinzione di un confronto ancora aperto e porta con sé nel paese d'accoglienza non solo l'esperienza maturata durante il governo liberale ma altresì le proprie differenze e divisioni in materia di programmi politici e modelli iniziatici. Tali linee di frattura, tuttavia, lungi dall'essere estranee al contesto spagnolo, affondano le loro radici proprio nei contatti che i cospiratori del Meridione italiano e della penisola iberica avevano intrattenuto prima e durante i mesi della rivoluzione napoletana. Ciò contribuisce a dimostrare come lo "spazio borbonico" (per lo meno nella sua dimensione europea) costituisca uno spazio politico comune non solamente per quanto riguarda l'alleanza dinastica e diplomatica tra i diversi rami della casa di Borbone, ma anche per coloro che, nell'illegalità e nella clandestinità, si erano opposti al governo assoluto della stessa.
14
Corciulo, Maria Sofia. « Il Regno delle Due Sicilie e le potenze europee, 1830–1861, by Eugenio Di Rienzo, Soveria Mannelli, Rubbettino, 2012, 229 pp., €14.00 (paperback), ISBN 978-88-4983-22-59 ». Modern Italy 19, no 3 (août 2014) : 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532944.2014.937632.
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15
Conti, Giuseppe, et Maria Carmela Schisani. « I banchieri italiani e la haute banque nel Risorgimento e dopo l'UnitÀ ». SOCIETÀ E STORIA, no 131 (mai 2011) : 133–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ss2011-001005.
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Nell'Europa di metÀ ottocento i mercanti banchieri furono gli artefici principali della rivoluzione finanziaria, ossia della formazione della banca ‘moderna' e dei mercati finanziari collegati allo sviluppo di societÀ anonime. In Italia ebbero difficoltÀ ad affermare forme di specializzazione, coordinamento, conquista di spazi e di ruoli. La loro azione risentě di un ambiente politico e economico parcellizzato e chiuso in ambiti locali. La concorrenza dei banchieri dellacontribuě al cambiamento ma anche a indebolire potenzialitÀ e dinamiche autonome. Il frazionamento politico, in particolare, ebbe conseguenze rilevanti sulla formazione di un mercato nazionale di titoli pubblici e ritardň la crescita dell'emissione stessa di titoli privati (di ferrovie e banche). Negli stati preunitari molte furono le iniziative, poche quelle che andarono a buon fine. Il debito pubblico e lo sviluppo di alcune istituzioni bancarie seguě percorsi differenziati tra prima e dopo il 1848 per Regno delle Due Sicilie e Stato pontificio, da una parte, e gli altri stati, dall'altra. Per primi l'esposizione debitoria fu particolarmente rilevante dopo la Restaurazione per ragioni diverse dal crescente indebitamento che dopo il 1848 interessň i secondi, Regno di Sardegna, in particolare, dove servě a finanziare guerre e ferrovie. Con l'UnitÀ il peso delle divisioni continuň a disgregare gli interessi e le istanze sociali e territoriali, contribuendo all'insuccesso del programma di centralizzazione del credito (banca d'emissione unica, un grande istituto di credito fondiario e agricolo) secondo un disegno coerente e ambizioso. Prevalsero invece soluzioni di ripiego che finirono per limitare le possibilitÀ di crescita della banca privata in Italia, senza ridurre ancora l'influenza della finanza estera.
16
Kleyhons, Ferdinand. « Pons et cella penaria – Die Bedeutung Siziliens für die Entwicklung des Imperium Romanum ausgehend von Ciceros „Verrinen“ ». historia.scribere, no 13 (22 juin 2021) : 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15203/historia.scribere.13.618.
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Pons et cella penaria – The importance of Sicily for the formation of the Roman Empire on the basis of Ciceros “In Verrem”In the year 70 BCE, one of the most renowned trials in Roman history took place: The lawsuit of Gaius Verres, former propraetor of the Roman province Sicilia. Marcus Tullius Cicero, taking up the role of the claimant in this trial, wrote a series of speeches against Verres (“In Verrem”). Therein he stated, among other things, the importance of Sicily for the Roman Empire. As the first Roman province, it introduced the Romans to a new system of governing foreign territory. It functioned as a “bridge” for the conquest of Carthage and, finally, it fed the Roman population and its army. The following paper will examine each of these three steps, as well as use them as a framework to discuss the role of Sicily for the formation of the Roman Empire.
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Fraaije, René H. B., Carolina D'Arpa, Barry W. M. van Bakel, John W. M. Jagt et Giuseppe Zarcone. « The Gemmellaro Collection : first record of an anomuran from the Tithonian of Sicily, Italy ». Bulletin de la Société géologique de France 188, no 3 (2017) : 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2017184.
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A recent field trip to Sicily and an examination of decapod crustacean collections at the Museo Geologico G.G. Gemmellaro in the centre of Palermo, Sicily (Italy), has demonstrated that most of the anomuran and brachyuran material described by Gemmellaro (Gemmellaro GG. 1869. Studi paleontologici sulla fauna del Calcare à Terebratula janitor del nord di Sicilia. Palermo: Lao, vol. 1, pp. 11–18) from the Tithonian of that island is still present. Interestingly, a single specimen in this lot was never mentioned, described or illustrated by that author. The species to which this particular individual is here shown to belong, Gastrosacus tuberosus, was first described and named 26 years later, in 1895, by Remeš. The holotype of G. tuberosus (Remeš M. 1895. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Crustaceen der Stramberger Schichten. Bulletin international de l'Académie des Sciences de l'Empereur François Joseph I, Classe des Sciences mathématiques et naturelle 2: 200–201) has recently been rediscovered; this shows that both Galathea eminens Blaschke (Blaschke F. 1911. Zur Tithonfauna von Stramberg in Mähren. Annalen des kaiserlich-königlichen Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums 25: 143–221) and Galatheites tuberosiformus Lőrenthey, in Lőrenthey and Beurlen (Lőrenthey E, Beurlen K. 1929. Die fossilen Dekapoden der Länder der Ungarischen Krone. Geologica Hungarica 3: 1–420) are junior synonyms. The Sicilian record constitutes the southernmost mention of G. tuberosus to date.
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Mori, Simona, Laura Di Fiore, Chiara Lucrezio Monticelli et Marco Meriggi. « Un confronto sui sistemi di polizia politica nell'Italia preunitaria. » SOCIETÀ E STORIA, no 176 (août 2022) : 301–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ss2022-0176005.
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Il forum propone una riflessione a più mani sul tema della polizia politica nell'Italia post-napoleonica, che la maturità degli studi su quel comparto strategico dei governi legittimisti sembra ormai consentire. Questa prima messa a punto di taglio comparato vuole cogliere le molte risonanze esistenti fra i dispositivi di controllo politico che, muovendo dalla paradigmatica esperienza rivoluzionaria e napoleonica, gli stati della penisola misero in campo per contrastare le pulsioni eversive dilaganti nell'intero continente con strategie coordinate. L'esame dei casi evidenzia al contempo i profili comuni e le curvature che ciascun governo impresse alle politiche securitarie, tematizzandole in vario modo nel discorso pubblico. Si conferma così, accanto al portato repressivo di questa azione, la duttilità della funzione poliziesca e il ruolo ambivalente che essa giocò nei processi di politicizzazione delle società agli albori della contemporaneità. Per il Regno delle Due Sicilie il contributo di Laura Di Fiore guarda con particolare attenzione alla fase post-quarantottesca, rilevando per un verso l'intensa cooperazione instaurata dal governo borbonico con gli stati confinanti per il contrasto all'attività cospirativa degli esuli, per l'altro la strategia di degradazione del nemico, ovvero della militanza anti-sistema, adottata sul piano retorico. Chiara Lucrezio Monticelli mette a fuoco la peculiare interazione realizzata dallo Stato della Chiesa fra gli ordinamenti di polizia sperimentati nell'incisiva stagione francese e le più tradizionali strutture del controllo ecclesiastico, effetto di un'intensa dialettica interna fra conservazione e riforma. Il Regno Lombardo-Veneto esaminato da Simona Mori mette la polizia politica al servizio del suo progetto imperiale di temperata conservazione, sostanzialmente fallendo nell'intento di egemonizzare i servizi di sicurezza operanti nella penisola, mentre sul versante interno alterna fasi di tolleranza ad altre di rigore, senza riuscire ad arginare l'allargarsi del dissenso. Marco Meriggi conclude con un quadro d'insieme che attinge alla memorialistica, alla letteratura e alle fonti normative, per restituire una rappresentazione multiprospettica della polizia politica che, ridimensionata rispetto al titanismo evocato dalla narrazione risorgimentale, viene a configurarsi come strumento di un complessivo disegno di governo verticale della società, che accomuna i maggiori contesti politici dell'Italia restaurata.
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Muscarella, Calogero, Luca Luiselli, Massimiliano Di Vittorio, Ignazio Sparacio et Daniele Dendi. « Factors Associated with the Occurrence, Potential Distribution and Conservation of Anoxia orientalis (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) at Different Spatial Scales ». Diversity 14, no 5 (17 mai 2022) : 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14050397.
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Anoxia (Protanoxia) orientalis is a beetle of the family Melolonthidae for which Italy represents the western limit of its distribution. The ecology of this species is little known from the quantitative point of view. The ecological correlates of A. orientalis presence in the whole European range and, more specifically, at its western border in Sicily, are analyzed in this paper to develop a potential distribution map for Sicily and to define the habitat selection of this species. There was a clear non-random habitat selection by A. orientalis at both the European and the Sicilian scales and a clear difference in the factors affecting the presence of this species in the larger spatial scale compared to Sicily. At the European scale, the bioclimatic factors were more important than landscape factors, whereas the same was not true at the Sicilian scale. In Sicily, the populations were statistically influenced by a combination of predictors that make their potential optimal distribution very narrow and mostly limited to a few coastal areas, suggesting a region-specific ecological diversification. Since A. orientalis is in strong decline in Italy due to the degradation of coastal environments, it is necessary to minimize the degradation of the dune and back dune environments in Sicily to achieve better management for the populations of this beetle species.
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Puleio, Roberto, Claudia Manno, Andrea Valenza, Marco Tolone et Guido Ruggero Loria. « Laboratory findings on the health status of the endemic rock-partridge (Alectoris graeca whitakeri) population during a two-year conservation programme in Sicily ». Veterinary Record Case Reports 8, no 2 (juin 2020) : e001100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreccr-2020-001100.
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Sicily (Italy) hosts an ‘endangered’, endemic population of Alectoris graeca whitakeri, commonly known as Sicilian Rock Partridge. An EU-funded Life Natura 2000 project has been founded, involving Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Sicily for veterinary aspects: a total of 15 Sicilian Rock Partridge found dead were collected, identified and processed by postmortem examination and laboratory investigations. The evidence of internal parasites was the most relevant finding, showing different types of infections by Nematoda, Cestoda and Coccidia. 60 per cent of these cases were infected with more than one parasite. In one single case, a pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli related to granulocytic lesions in liver was found and another cause of death was due to respiratory disease caused by Aspergillus fumigatus. The study represents the first veterinary report on this rare species and underlines the importance to monitor the health status of wild species in the Italian environment in order to preserve local biodiversity.
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Kopij, Kamil. « Mints Locations and Chronology of Gnaeus and Sextus Pompey’s Bronze Coinage (RRC 471, 478 and 479) : A Die Axes Study ». Notae Numismaticae - TOM XV, no 15 (17 mai 2021) : 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.05.
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The coinage of Pompey the Great’s sons has long attracted the attention of numismatists and historians trying to reconstruct a detailed chronology of their activities. One of the problems examined was the location of the places they minted coins. This article tries to indicate the possible locations of mints producing Gnaeus’ and Sextus’ bronze coinage (RRC 471, RRC 478, RRC 479) based on the analysis of the die axes of 794 coins and attempts to interpret the results based on local traditions regarding this aspect of coin morphology. The results show that RRC 471 was most likely minted in Corduba. The unusual die alignment of the RRC 478 indicates that it may have been minted not in Spain or Sicily, but in Achaia or Bithynia. It is, however, difficult to reconcile this with the geographical distribution of the finds that points to Sicily. Nonetheless we should probably move dating of this type until after the signing of the Treaty of Misenum in 39 BC. The die axes of the RRC 479 is consistent with traditions of most Sicilian mints. The exception to this is one of the series whose different rotation pattern indicates production in one of only two Sicilian mints (Panormos or Centuripae) or one of the several South Italian cities (most probably Rhegion).
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Reyes Suarez, Cook, Gačić, Paduan, Drago et Cardin. « Sea Surface Circulation Structures in the Malta-Sicily Channel from Remote Sensing Data ». Water 11, no 8 (31 juillet 2019) : 1589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11081589.
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The Malta-Sicily Channel is part of the Sicily Channel system where water and thermohaline properties between the Eastern and Western Mediterranean basins take place. Several mesoscales features are detached from the main circulation due to wind and bathymetric forcing. In this paper, surface circulation structures are studied using different remotely sensed datasets: satellite data (absolute dynamic topography, Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform wind vector analysis, satellite chlorophyll and sea surface temperature) and high frequency radar data. We identified high frequency motions (at short time scales—hours to days), as well as mesoscale structures fundamental for the understanding of the Malta-Sicily Channel circulation dynamics. One of those is the Malta-Sicily Gyre; an anticyclonic structure trapped between the Sicilian and Maltese coasts, which is poorly studied in the literature and often confused with the Malta Channel Crest and the Ionian Shelf Break Vortex. In order to characterize this gyre, we calculated its kinetic properties taking advantage of the fine-scale temporal and spatial resolution of the high frequency radar data, and thus confirming its presence with an updated version of the surface circulation patterns in the area.
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La Manna, Gabriella, Nikolina Rako Gospić, Michele Manghi, Marta Picciulin et Gianluca Sarà. « Assessing geographical variation on whistle acoustic structure of three Mediterranean populations of common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) ». Behaviour 154, no 5 (2017) : 583–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003435.
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Whistles are acoustic signals produced particularly during social interactions. Here, we compare whistles by bottlenose dolphins from three Mediterranean areas (Croatia, Sicily and Sardinia) to investigate the presence of acoustic divergence and to discuss the possible causes of variability. Whistle parameters differ significantly between populations, but PCA highlights that the majority of variability is due to a limited number of frequency parameters. Cluster and DFA show that the Croatian population is acoustically divergent from the western populations of Sicily and Sardinia. This divergence could be consistent with geographical isolation, and a possible genetic differentiation between populations, and/or an adaptation to the acoustic environment. Moreover, in a comparison of whistle parameters of different Mediterranean populations with those of previously published Atlantic populations, it was revealed that the Sicilian population was acoustically closer to Atlantic populations. Our results represent a contribution to identifying acoustically differentiated populations of bottlenose dolphins in the Mediterranean.
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Caracappa, Santo, Maria Flaminia Persichetti, Antonio Piazza, Giulia Caracappa, Antonino Gentile, Sandra Marineo, Daniela Crucitti et Marco Arculeo. « Incidental catch of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) along the Sicilian coasts by longline fishery ». PeerJ 6 (7 août 2018) : e5392. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5392.
Texte intégralRésumé :
It has been estimated that 44,000 Caretta caretta turtles die every year due to anthropomorphic activity in the Mediterranean Sea, and that longline fishing is one of the most significant causes of mortality. A total of 482 specimens of C. caretta were rescued from different parts of the Sicilian coast (Mediterranean Sea) from 2014 to 2016. The most numerous stranding was recorded during the spring and summer seasons, mainly along the north and eastern coasts of Sicily. The curved carapace length for all the specimens ranged from between 19 and 95 cm and most of these were young or sub adults. The highest number of strandings was recorded in 2014 and 2015, with 206 and 169 individuals, respectively. A total of 66 live specimens out of 239 were successfully rehabilitated and released after surgery or drug therapy; fishing hooks were found in 129 specimens in different parts of the digestive tract with greater frequency in the oesophagus (47.3%) followed by the gut (24.8%), stomach (14.7%), and mouth (13.2%). This paper will highlight the incidence of the incidental catch by longline fishing of C. caretta along the Sicilian coasts and also relate the size of ingested hooks to the size of examined specimens.
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Incorvaia, Lorena, Daniele Fanale, Giuseppe Badalamenti, Marco Bono, Valentina Calò, Daniela Cancelliere, Marta Castiglia et al. « Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer in Families from Southern Italy (Sicily)—Prevalence and Geographic Distribution of Pathogenic Variants in BRCA1/2 Genes ». Cancers 12, no 5 (5 mai 2020) : 1158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12051158.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Recent advances in the detection of germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in BRCA1/2 genes have allowed a deeper understanding of the BRCA-related cancer risk. Several studies showed a significant heterogeneity in the prevalence of PVs across different populations. Because little is known about this in the Sicilian population, our study was aimed at investigating the prevalence and geographic distribution of inherited BRCA1/2 PVs in families from this specific geographical area of Southern Italy. We retrospectively collected and analyzed all clinical information of 1346 hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer patients genetically tested for germline BRCA1/2 PVs at University Hospital Policlinico “P. Giaccone” of Palermo from January 1999 to October 2019. Thirty PVs were more frequently observed in the Sicilian population but only some of these showed a specific territorial prevalence, unlike other Italian and European regions. This difference could be attributed to the genetic heterogeneity of the Sicilian people and its historical background. Therefore hereditary breast and ovarian cancers could be predominantly due to BRCA1/2 PVs different from those usually detected in other geographical areas of Italy and Europe. Our investigation led us to hypothesize that a higher prevalence of some germline BRCA PVs in Sicily could be a population-specific genetic feature of BRCA-positive carriers.
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Fiore, Maria Carola, Francesco Maria Raimondo, Francesco Mercati, Ignazio Digangi, Francesco Sunseri et Anna Scialabba. « Preserving Biodiversity in Marginal Rural Areas : Assessment of Morphological and Genetic Variability of a Sicilian Common Bean Germplasm Collection ». Plants 9, no 8 (4 août 2020) : 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9080989.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The historical cultivation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has resulted in the development of local populations/cultivars in restricted Italian rural areas. Many common bean landraces, still cultivated in small mountain areas from Sicily, have become outdated and endangered due to the commercial varieties spreading. These accessions are poorly known but often represent a genetic heritage to be preserved and enhanced. The ex situ conservation of fifty-seven Sicilian common bean landraces was carried out at the “Living Plants Germplasm Bank” at Ucria (Messina, Italy), founded by the Nebrodi Regional Park, together with the “Sicilian Plant Germplasm Repository” of University of Palermo (SPGR/PA). To assess the germplasm genetic diversity, nineteen morphological traits and eight Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) were used. Genetic distances among landraces were calculated to construct a clustering tree by using unweighted pair group method arithmetic (UPGMA). Seed germplasm diversity of Sicilian common bean varied from 80.7% to 93.3%, based on six seed descriptors and six leaf, flower, and pod descriptors, respectively, while cluster genetic analysis depicted a clear separation among all the 57 landraces. Principal coordinates (PCoA) and STRUCTURE analyses showed a prevalent rate of admixture between Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools in Sicilian common bean collection, confirming its heterogeneity. The observed high level of diversity evidenced the needs to adopt accurate criterion to plan a definitive ex situ germplasm collection to share agrobiodiversity with local farmers and to avoid any further loss of genetic resources in rural and protected areas.
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Jereb, P., et S. Ragonese. « An Outline Of The Biology of the Squid Illex Coindetii in the Sicilian Channel (Central Mediterranean) ». Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 75, no 2 (mai 1995) : 373–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400018245.
Texte intégralRésumé :
INTRODUCTIONThe genus Illex is likely to constitute a large portion of the annual world ommastrephid squid catches (Roper et al, 1984), even though specific official statistics are difficult to obtain. The broad-tail short-fin squid Illex coindetii is a widespread species ranging from the western to the eastern Atlantic (Roper et al., 1984) and east through the whole Mediterranean Sea (Mangold & Boletzky, 1987). Usually a by-catch of important fisheries, it is caught mainly by trawlers. Although its economic value is lower than that of other squid species (i.e. Loligo spp.), in the Sicilian Channel Illex coindetii may represent a valuable resource due to its abundance.In Italian waters, the available statistics (Cingolani et al., 1986) report that 2680 tonnes of ommastrephid squid were landed in 1982 (0.5% of the total landed catch). The main component of these was landed in Sicily (2183 tonnes), a consistently large part of which was no doubt Illex coindetii (Ragonese & Jereb, 1992). The catches came mainly from southern Sicilian waters (Sicilian Channel) where one of the major Mediterranean landing places is in Mazara del Vallo. Large trawlers (up to 200 gross tonnage) usually carry out long fishing trips (15–20 d), and Illex coindetii is caught mainly by those targeting Parapenaeus longirostris and Merluccius merluccius (Jereb & Ragonese, 1991).
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Cammilleri, Gaetano, Francesco Giuseppe Galluzzo, Francesco Fazio, Andrea Pulvirenti, Antonio Vella, Gianluigi Maria Lo Dico, Andrea Macaluso, Gabriele Ciaccio et Vincenzo Ferrantelli. « Mercury Detection in Benthic and Pelagic Fish Collected from Western Sicily (Southern Italy) ». Animals 9, no 9 (22 août 2019) : 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9090594.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In highly polluted water, fish can accumulate mercury up to a concentration of 10 mgKg−1. This has occurred on the eastern coasts of Sicily (Southern Italy), probably due to the intense industrial activity of this area. However, little is known about Hg accumulation in fish of the western Sicilian coasts. In this work, we examined the Hg accumulation of 108 fish samples belonging to 14 species collected from western Sicilian coasts using a direct mercury analyzer. The samples showed a mean mercury concentration of 0.165 ± 0.22 mg kg−1 with a maximum in Lepidopus caudatus (1.72 mgKg−1), exceeding the limits provided by EC Reg. 1881/2006. The lowest Hg levels were found in Sparus aurata samples (0.001 mgKg−1). A significant difference was found between the fish species examined (p < 0.05). The comparison between benthic and pelagic species did not show statistical differences (p < 0.05). Fish food constitutes the main route of Hg uptake for humans. Only four of the 130 samples examined reached a mercury concentration over the European limits. The comparative analysis of Hg pollution for benthic and pelagic species did not confirm a different trend in metal contamination.
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Valentino, L., M. V. Torregrossa et L. J. Saliba. « Health effects of mercury ingested through consumption of seafood ». Water Science and Technology 32, no 9-10 (1 novembre 1995) : 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0668.
Texte intégralRésumé :
It is known world-wide literature that seafood consumption is the main source of mercury intake in people not occupationally exposed. Several studies on the presence of mercury in sea water, sediment and fish and its effects on human health have been carried out in many countries in the Mediterranean area such as Greece, Italy and Jugoslavia. Few data have been published on Sicilian coastal population, consumers of high amounts of fish and on seawater status as the starting point of alimentary chains involving marine food. This study was carried out in July 1991 and July 1992 to determine total mercury and methylmercury levels in selected populations of the coast of Sicily: fishermen in a little island, Favignana, located west of Sicily, where the population can be considered at risk due to its high fish intake, and fishermen of a small fishing village (Porticello), near Palerno. As a control group, a sample population in a town located in the middle of Sicily (Valledolmo), where consumption of fish and seafood was quite inexistent and an urban population (inhabitants of Palermo) with variable quantities of seafood in diet were taken. Following the guidelines of WHO (1982) the subjects were interviewed by a dietary questionnaire. One hundred and twenty three hair samples, cut from the occipital area, were analysed for total mercury and methylmercury concentrations. Following the standard protocol for mercury analysis in hair, only those specimens exceeding 10 μg/g total Hg were analysed for methylmercury content. The results of study on 98 fishermen and their families with hair samples have shown that the dietetical weekly intake of seafood is related to the concentration values of total mercury and methylmercury that were found in the analysis. Only 19 subjects have been found with total mercury concentration values above the security level (> 6 μg/g total Hg) and 8 have been analysed for methylmercury. From our data, it appears that in this Sicilian area, when there aren't industrial and natural sources of Hg, even if the population eats a large amount of locally caught fish, the concentration of Hg found in hair samples never reaches risk levels.
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Tuttolomondo, Teresa, Giuseppe Virga, Francesco Rossini, Umberto Anastasi, Mario Licata, Fabio Gresta, Salvatore La Bella et Carmelo Santonoceto. « Effects of Environment and Sowing Time on Growth and Yield of Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Cultivars in Sicily (Italy) ». Plants 9, no 9 (15 septembre 2020) : 1209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091209.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cotton is one of the most important industrial crops in the world. Though widely cultivated in Sicily (Italy) in the past, cotton growth on the island has disappeared today due to a complex variety of agronomic, economic and socio-political reasons. In recent years, increased interest in natural fibers worldwide has led to a revival in cotton plants in the Mediterranean area. The aim of this paper was to assess the response of Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivars to different environments and sowing times. Elsa and Juncal were selected from the most promising cotton cultivars regarding earliness and productivity. Plants were tested with three sowing times and in two Sicilian environments. Cotton yield and yield components were significantly affected by experimental station, sowing time and cultivar. Lint yield of cultivars was 1.60 t ha−1 on average, and the highest value of 1.99 t ha−1 was obtained from an early sowing time. The three indices of agronomic earliness varied significantly based on treatments. In conclusion, the evaluation of response genotype-by-environment under different sowing times could represent a strategy to obtain optimal cotton seed and lint yields, although other general aspects, such as labor costs, land availability and capital resources, should be also considered when evaluating the reintroduction of the species in Sicily.
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Panagiotonakou, Maria. « Sicilian Theatres with Paraskenia Scene Buildings : An Updated Framework for their Chronological Integration ». Journal of Greek Archaeology 6 (2021) : 227–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/9781789698886-11.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Hellenistic theatre in Magna Graecia and Sicily differs in morphology from its contemporaries in Greece and Asia Minor. Since the beginning of the previous century, scholars have developed a discussion on a variety of issues in their attempt to better understand the architectural evolution of the Sicilian stone theatres, and in particular of their scene building. The most apparent and persistent problems lie in the uncertainty of dating and the morphology of each of the scene buildings. That is due to various difficulties that will be discussed further into this article. Over the last 100 years, this broad discussion has led to very different conclusions and interpretive proposals, especially regarding the dating of the original construction, the identification of the various building phases of these theatres, and the reconstruction proposals for their scene buildings. The issue of dating is related to the issue of the Romanization of Sicily and so far, it has been one of the most problematic chapters in the history of the island.1 Researchers evaluate differently both archaeological finds and historical sources, thus resulting in divergent interpretations of the significance of this period in the history of Sicily. With the results of the archaeological research of the last 30 years, the debate has been rekindled, causing a true polemic. At the epicenter of the enduring controversy are the four theatres with paraskenia scene buildings, namely the theatres of Tyndaris, Segesta, Solous and Iaitas. In this brief survey of the status quaestionis of the dating of these theatres, which makes no claims to comprehensive coverage, it is my intention to suggest that with the progress of archaeological research and the increase of scholarship on Hellenistic Sicily, we are offered arguments that can help us form a fresh interpretative framework for the chronological integration of these theatres and their architectural evolution.
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De Angelis, Franco. « Estimating the agricultural base of Greek Sicily ». Papers of the British School at Rome 68 (novembre 2000) : 111–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068246200003895.
Texte intégralRésumé :
UNA STIMA DELLA BASE AGRICOLA DELLA SICILIA GRECALo studio dell'agricoltura dell'antica Grecia si è sviluppato notevolmente in questi ultimi decenni; tuttavia in Sicilia, un'isola nota in antichità per la sua capacità e prodotti agricoli, l'interesse sembra essere stato alquanto limitato. Una delle ragioni per questa mancanza di interesse va ricercata nella struttura delle discipline accademiche, che tradizionalmente prevedono la divisione degli studiosi in due gruppi distinti: gli storici, che concentrano la loro attenzione primariamente sulle incomplete fonti scritte, e gli archeologi, che si occupano principalmente di storia dell'arte e della conferma della veracità delle fonti scritte. Numerosi problemi di studio e potenziali aree di interesse, quali ad esempio quelle relative all'ambiente naturale, all'uso del territorio ed ai modelli insediativi (le quali rientrano nell'ambito della geografia umana o storica), non sono toccati da questi due approcci. Questo articolo vuole rappresentare un primo passo nello studio di questi problemi, in risposta al recente appello di Nenci per un'indagine di quella che lui chiama la ‘Sicilia frumentaria’. Loscopo di questo studio è di proporre una stima delle dimensioni della base agricola della Sicilia greca. La prima parte discute le fonti e la metodologia. La seconda prende in considerazione il clima e tenta di stabilire le approssimative dimensioni e la natura dei territori utilizzati dalle undici principali città-stato dell'isola. Inoltre, una quantificazione della terra agricola disponibile e dei limiti superiori della popolazione che poteva essere sostenuta da tali risorse nel momento in cui queste venissero adoperate al loro massimo potenziale viene anche discussa. I risultati supportano l'idea che la Sicilia greca possedesse una grande potenziale agricolo, e che l'isola potesse sostenere una popolazione due volte superiore a quella creduta da Beloch, come anche Holm aveva in precedenza concluso.
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Magrini, Paolo, Cosimo Baviera et Andrea Petrioli. « UN NUOVO DUVALIUS DELLA SICILIA (COLEOPTERA, CARABIDAE) ». Fragmenta Entomologica 39, no 2 (31 octobre 2007) : 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/fe.2007.119.
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Nella presente nota viene descritta una nuova specie e una nuova linea filetica di <em>Duvalius</em> della Sicilia. La nuova linea filetica si distingue da quelle già note per i seguenti caratteri: elitre assolutamente piatte e spianate; angoli omerali retti, con apice arrotondato; linea basale delle elitre suborizzontale; capo di grandi dimensioni; dente distale della mandibola destra grande e nettamente distanziato dai due mesiali; edeago e lamella copulatrice di piccolissime dimensioni. La nuova specie risulta ben diversa dagli altri <em>Duvalius</em> noti, non solo siciliani, per i caratteri riportati nel testo. La lamella copulatrice del maschio presenta un apice trifido, con il fanero mediano più grande e più lungo dei due laterali.
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Losano, Mario G. « Dossier. Un progetto in Sicilia per l'inserimento dei giovani immigrati. Prologo ». SOCIOLOGIA DEL DIRITTO, no 1 (juillet 2012) : 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sd2012-001006.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La ricerca documentata in questo dossier ha per oggetto l'inserimento sociale dei giovani immigrati in Sicilia, legali o illegali. Nella ricerca (denominata "Progetto Dedalo") hanno cooperato un ente religioso di Monreale (Casa del Sorriso), una fondazione no-profit di Pavia ("Le Vele") e un gruppo di ricercatori dell'Universitŕ di Pavia. Il progetto era diretto da Mario G. Losano, Un iversitŕ del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, e Universidad Carlos III, Madrid. I testi qui pubblicati vennero presentati in due congressi tenutisi in Sicilia, a Monreale, nel 2009 e nel 2010.
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Patrizia Santi, Timmy Gambin et Alberto Renzulli. « The millstone trade from the most exploited Italian volcanic areas : an overview from the phoenicians to the roman period ». Annals of Geophysics 64, no 5 (13 décembre 2021) : VO551. http://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-8647.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Lavas were widely used in antiquity to produce millstones. This is mainly due to their superior properties for grinding cereals and availability when compared with other rock-types. In the past four decades, several studies have been published about lava millstones discovered in subaerial and submarine archaeological sites of the Central-Western Mediterranean. Although the morphological evidence of old quarries is rarely present, all these studies were aimed at recognizing provenance and manufacturing areas of the volcanic raw material. Typologies of grinding tools coexisted in different periods, even if some technological developments marked transitions between cultures. The main chronology is: Archaic saddle quern, Greek hopper-rubber (Olynthian), small to medium size rotary device (Morgantina type) and large hourglass rotary millstone (Pompeian style). Potential volcanic sources are widespread throughout the entire Mediterranean region, but two main Italian quarrying areas of volcanic rocks for the manufacture of millstones from the Phoenician to the Roman period were pointed out. These are the Latium-Umbria border in Central Italy, and Sicily (Eastern Sicily and Sicilian Channel) in Southern Italy. In detail, analysis of the lava lithotypes shows that grinding tools were mainly constructed of: (i) a leucite phonolite of the so called “Orvieto quarries” between the localities of Sugano and Buonviaggio in the Roman Volcanic Province (High-K alkaline series); (ii) hawaiites and mugearites (Na-alkaline series) from Etna volcano; (iii) basalts (Tholeiitic/Transitional series) of the Hyblaean Mountains and (iv) basalts (Na-alkaline series) from Pantelleria Island (Sicilian Channel). Although some lava millstones from other volcanic regions are recorded, the above four Italian volcanic rock types represent the most exploited in antiquity. A comparison between volcanic millstones and outcropping lavas already exists, from literature data, through thin section modal mineralogy and conventional igneous petrology (i.e., TAS classification, magmatic affinities, and major-trace elements signature). Therefore, on this basis we propose a set of discriminating geochemical parameters (major-trace elements and element ratios diagrams) useful for a quick assessment tool to possibly evaluate one of these four exploited volcanic areas of Italy matching millstones. A sketch of volcanic millstone trade networks and commercial routes in antiquity throughout the Central-Western Mediterranean has been also reported and overviewed on the basis of the literature data.
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Infusino, M., et S. Scalercio. « Contributo alla conoscenza della fauna dei Macrolepidoptera delle aree prospicienti lo Stretto di Messina (Italia) (Insecta : Lepidoptera) ». SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología 49, no 195 (30 septembre 2021) : 529–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.57065/shilap.291.
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Nell’ambito dei monitoraggi ambientali propedeutici alla realizzazione dell’Attraversamento stabile dello Stretto di Messina sono state indagate le faune dei Macrolepidoptera presenti sul versante siciliano e su quello calabrese. Il monitoraggio è stato effettuato in 23 siti siciliani e 15 calabresi, cercando di coprire al meglio la diversità ambientale presente sulle due sponde dello stretto. Le ricerche sono state condotte dal 2010 al 2011, escludendo i mesi invernali. Sono stati rinvenuti 10.399 esemplari appartenenti a 355 specie, un numero relativamente alto se si considera l’elevata antropizzazione delle aree indagate e la sospensione dei campionamenti nei mesi invernali, anche se di queste solo Euplagia quadripunctaria (Poda, 1761) ha un interesse conservazionistico ai sensi della Direttiva “Habitat”. Fra le 168 specie rinvenute solo su una sponda dello stretto (97 sulla sponda calabrese e 71 su quella siciliana), 26 non sono presenti su entrambe le sponde per motivi biogeografici. Di queste 21 sono presenti in quasi tutta Italia, ma ad oggi non sono mai state rinvenute in Sicilia e 5 sono specie endemiche siciliane di relativamente recente differenziamento o sono specie più diffuse nel bacino sudoccidentale del Mediterraneo. Inoltre, Zanclognatha lunalis (Scopoli, 1763), viene segnalata per la prima volta sul territorio siciliano. Questi dati sottolineano ancora una volta la già nota importanza dello Stretto di Messina come barriera biogeografica che la eventuale costruzione di un suo attraversamento stabile potrebbe quanto meno indebolire.
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Arts, Michael T., Richard D. Robarts et Marlene S. Evans. « Energy Reserve Lipids of Zooplanktonic Crustaceans from an Oligotrophic Saline Lake In Relation to Food Resources and Temperature ». Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, no 11 (1 novembre 1993) : 2404–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f93-265.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In three zooplankton species examined over a 2-yr period in an oligotrophic saline (22 g∙L−1) lake, triacylglycerols (energy reserve lipids) were the most abundant lipid class followed by phospholipids and sterols. Marked seasonal differences in patterns of total and energy reserve lipid content in the herbivorous calanoid Leptodiaptomus sicilis were correlated with temporal patterns in edible algal biomass and temperature. The appearance of particular algal species, or groups of similar-sized species, occurred synchronously with changes in lipid content of both L. sicilis and Daphnia pulex. These periods of changing lipid content were used to infer nutritional suitability or inadequacy (unavailability) of specific algae for wild populations of zooplankton. Energy transfer from phytoplankton to the carnivorous calanoid Hesperodiaptomus nevadensis through L. sicilis involved a time lag of approximately 1–2 mo; this was hypothesized to result from a feeding dependency on L. sicilis copepodites due to a gape limitation of the predator. Demographics of D. pulex in this lake were unusual because the species was consistently absent during spring. In addition, total lipids and triacylglycerols were low (<15% and <4.5 μg∙animal−1, respectively), suggesting that D. pulex had been pushed into a subsistence niche by the rising salinity levels.
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Vitale, Marco. « Städtebünde auf Sizilien von der Spätarchaik bis zur späten Kaiserzeit ». Klio 100, no 1 (18 juillet 2018) : 3–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/klio-2018-0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Zusammenfassung Nach einer von Athen beförderten literarisch-philosophischen Tradition scheint überwiegend die Herrschaft einzelner den Greek way of politics in Sizilien geprägt zu haben: Als Charakteristikum der sikeliotischen Staatenwelt werden die häufigen Verfassungswechsel von der Oligarchie in die Tyrannis herausgehoben. Insbesondere im Rahmen zwischenstädtischer Bündnisse (symmachiai) gegen die im Westteil der Insel herrschenden Punier zeigt sich jedoch an den Fallbeispielen von Akragas und Syrakus, dass der jeweilige Bürgerverband durch seine beschlussfähigen Polis-Gremien etwa in Bezug auf die Mehrheitswahl der mit außerordentlichen Kompetenzen ausgestatteten Funktionsträger (strategoi autokratores, aisymnetai) am politischen Leben aktiv teilnahm. Das spätarchaische und klassische Sizilien bot für die Bildung eines provinzialrömischen Städtebunds (concilium civitatium Siculorum, commune Siciliae, ceivitates Siciliae) genügend föderale Vorstrukturen.
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Bella, Maria Pia Di. « Témoignage et Justice : un épisode Sicilien ». Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 46, no 1 (février 1991) : 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1991.278927.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Le mensonge, selon l'Enciclopedia italiana di scienze, lettere ed arti, est « la négation ou l'altération consciente de la vérité empirique, accomplie avec l'intention d'induire en erreur. A la différence de la fraude qui a toujours une intention agressive, le mensonge peut en être totalement dépourvu, et le dommage qu'il cause peut simplement consister dans le jugement erroné dans lequel il induit. La fraude est toujours mensongère, tandis que le mensonge n'est pas nécessairement frauduleux. Il s'agit en tout cas de concepts empiriques qui échappent à une détermination plus précise. Psychologiquement, le mensonge est une manifestation égoïste due soit à une défense contre le monde extérieur (et donc à un sentiment plus ou moins inconscient d'infériorité), soit à la vanité et au désir de paraître différent de ce que l'on est (ce sont aussi des formes de faiblesse morale). Particulièrement enclins au mensonge sont, en effet, les enfants, les sauvages, les femmes, les vieux, les malades de corps ou d'esprit ».
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Schifani, Enrico, Sándor Csősz, Roberto Viviano et Antonio Alicata. « Ant diversity on the largest Mediterranean islands : on the presence or absence of 28 species in Sicily (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) ». Natural History Sciences 8, no 1 (28 mai 2021) : 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2021.532.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The ant fauna of Sicily, the largest island in the Mediterranean basin, has been significantly overlooked over the time. Drafting a reliable Sicilian ant checklist requires extensive field surveys, a careful review of the literature and of museum specimens, as well as the taxonomic investigation of some problematic issues. As a part of these ongoing efforts, we present our results on the presence or absence of 25 species. By analyzing specimens collected during the last 35 years across the island and reviewing old records in the light of present-day taxonomy, we provide evidence of the presence of 9 species (Camponotus ruber, Lasius myops, L. platythorax, Plagiolepis schmitzii, Ponera testacea, Solenopsis orbula, Temnothorax clypeatus, T. nylanderi, and T. ravouxi), while suggesting the absence of 19 others (Camponotus ligniperda, C. sicheli, C. spissinodis, Formica lugubris, Lasius alienus, L. flavus, L. niger, L. paralienus, Messor minor, M. wasmanni, Monomorium monomorium, Myrmica scabrinodis, M. spinosior, Nylanderia sp. 2 sensu Schifani & Alicata 2018, Solenopsis fugax, Temnothorax luteus, T. tuberum, Tetramorium caespitum, and T. indocile). Similar studies are necessary across Italy, as a significant portion of the existing ant records is outdated due to the evolved taxonomic framework.
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CASSAR, LOUIS F., ELISABETH CONRAD et CHARLES GALDIES. « Brachytrupes megacephalus Lefèbvre, 1827 (Orthoptera, Gryllidae) in the Maltese Islands : notes on biogeography, behaviour, and habitat of populations in the central Mediterranean area and the Maghreb ». Zootaxa 4975, no 3 (26 mai 2021) : 544–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4975.3.5.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Brachytrupes megacephalus (Lefebvre, 1827) is of significant biogeographic importance. It occurs in Sicily and on some of the circum-Sicilian and Pelagian islands, as well as in the Maltese Islands, Sardinia and the Maghreb (notably but not exclusively, in Algeria and Tunisia, where it maintains populations in both coastal and desert regions). Within European territory, it occurs solely in Italy and Malta, where it is protected under the EU Habitats Directive and the Bern Convention. In northern Africa, the species is regarded as a polyphagous pest, particularly in Saharan locations. The present work is based on field observations, mostly from the Maltese Islands, that span more than three decades; it provides insights on spatial distribution, population trends and behaviour. In examining the relationship between the species’ frequency during its mating season and weather conditions, results suggest a weak yet statistically significant correlation between mating strategies and ambient meteorological conditions. Moreover, patch occupancy in spring and autumn varied considerably within a specified area of study, primarily due to competitive mating strategies employed in spring, with an occupancy ratio of approximately 1:6. To-date, the species is known from 13 locations, one in Gozo and 12 in Malta, of which some constitute the Ahrax promontory metapopulation. Connectivity between the Ahrax subpopulation cluster is discussed in the light of habitat and topographical characteristics. Contrasting findings on variances in behaviour between Maltese populations and other populations in Sicily and the Maghreb are discussed. Discernible behavioural disparities include the length of excavated tunnels during spring and summer/autumn seasons in the different geographical locations, attraction to artificial sources of light, and the degree of damage to crops across geographic regions.
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D. Todorović, Dušica. « RICONOSCERSI NELLA SCRITTURA : IMPLICAZIONI INTERTESTUALI E METATESTUALI NEI ROMANZI LJUDI GOVORE DI RASTKO PETROVIĆ E CONVERSAZIONE IN SICILIA DI ELIO VITTORINI ». Филолог – часопис за језик књижевност и културу 12, no 24 (30 décembre 2021) : 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21618/fil2124271t.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In un approccio comparatistico, con gli strumenti analitici della semiotica interpretativa e della narratologia, si prendono in esame i punti in comune di due testi modernisti appartenenti rispettivamente alla letteratura serba e a quella italiana: Ljudi govore (1931) di Rastko Petrović e Conversazione in Sicilia di Elio Vittorini (1939). Si focalizzano procedimenti e implicazioni intertestuali e metatestuali delle due opere che ne confermano l’appartenenza alle poetiche del modernismo.
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Selvaggi, Roberta, et Francesca Valenti. « Assessment of Fruit and Vegetable Residues Suitable for Renewable Energy Production : GIS-Based Model for Developing New Frontiers within the Context of Circular Economy ». Applied System Innovation 4, no 1 (3 février 2021) : 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asi4010010.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Due to the necessity of developing renewable energy sources, the anaerobic digestion for producing biomethane has developed significantly in the last years, since it allows to both reduce disposal treatment and produce green energy. In this field, fruit and vegetable wastes have been recently put forward, since they could represent a suitable resource for producing biomethane as a new frontier within the context of a circular economy. This study aims at filling the gap in the knowledge of the production, quantities and biogas potential production of these residues. On this basis, a GIS-based model was developed and applied to the Sicily region by investigating the specific regulatory framework as well as by analysing descriptive statistics. The results of the GIS analyses enabled the localisation of the highest productive territorial areas and highlighted where fruit and vegetable wastes are abundantly located. In this regard, about 7 million Nm3 of biogas could be produced by reusing only the fruit and vegetable residues coming from the three most representative Sicilian wholesale markets among those considered. Finally, the regulatory framework is of crucial importance in inhibiting or supporting the use of the selected biomass in a specific sector, with regard to the case study considered.
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Emanuele, Sonia, Antonietta Notaro, Antonio Palumbo Piccionello, Antonella Maggio, Marianna Lauricella, Antonella D’Anneo, Cesare Cernigliaro, Giuseppe Calvaruso et Michela Giuliano. « Sicilian Litchi Fruit Extracts Induce Autophagy versus Apoptosis Switch in Human Colon Cancer Cells ». Nutrients 10, no 10 (12 octobre 2018) : 1490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10101490.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Litchi chinensis Sonnerat is a tropical tree whose fruits contain significant amounts of bioactive polyphenols. Litchi cultivation has recently spread in Sicily where the climate conditions are particularly favorable for this crop. Recent findings have shown that Litchi extracts display anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic effects in vitro, but the precise underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we report for the first time the effects of Sicilian litchi fruit extracts on colon cancer cells. The results indicated that litchi exocarp, mesocarp and endocarp fractions reduce the viability and clonogenic growth of HT29 cells. These effects were due to cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase followed by caspase-dependent cell death. Interestingly, litchi exocarp and endocarp triggered a precocious autophagic response (16–24 h), which was accompanied by an increase in the level of autophagy related 1/autophagy activating kinase 1 (ATG1/ULK1), beclin-1, microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II and p62 proteins. Autophagy inhibition by bafilomycin A1 or beclin-1 silencing increased cell death, thus suggesting that autophagy was initially triggered as a pro-survival response. Significant effects of Litchi extracts were also observed in other colon cancer cells, including HCT116 and Caco-2 cells. On the other hand, differentiated Caco-2 cells, a model of human enterocytes, appeared to be insensitive to the extracts at the same treatment conditions. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionization-Quadrupole-Time-Of-Flight HPLC/ESI/Q-TOF evidenced the presence of some polyphenolic compounds, specifically in exocarp and endocarp extracts, that can account for the observed biological effects. The results obtained suggest a potential therapeutic efficacy of polyphenolic compounds purified from Sicilian Litchi fractions for the treatment of colon cancer. Moreover, our findings indicate that modulation of autophagy can represent a tool to improve the effectiveness of these agents and potentiate the anti-tumor response of colon cancer cells.
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Privitera, Antonella, Maria Francesca Alberghina, Elèna Privitera et Salvatore Schiavone. « Multispectral Imaging and p-XRF for the Non-Invasive Characterization of the Anonymous Devotional Painting ‘Maria Santissima delle Grazie’ from Mirabella Imbáccari (Sicily, Italy) ». Heritage 4, no 3 (10 septembre 2021) : 2320–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4030131.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This work presents the results of the in situ, non-invasive diagnostic investigations performed on the canvas oil painting depicting Madonna and Child, venerated as ‘Maria Santissima delle Grazie’ by the local religious community. The work of art (72 cm × 175 cm) is located on the high altar of the main Church in Mirabella Imbáccari, near Catania (Sicily, Italy). The painter is anonymous, and the supposed dating is the late eighteenth century. Although the painting has never been studied before, it has been attributed to a Sicilian workshop in the literature, raising the doubts of the art historian who conducted this study and who hypothesized a Neapolitan manufacture. Furthermore, due to the good conservation state detected by a macroscopic examination, doubts also arose about dating. To shed light on these aspects, a technical-scientific examination proved necessary. Multispectral imaging techniques (IR Reflectography, UV-induced visible Fluorescence, X-ray) are carried out for the study of the execution technique, the identification of underlying remakes, sketch drawing and the evaluation of the conservation conditions. XRF spectrometry analysis is performed for the identification of the chemical elements constituting the pigments (inorganic chromophores). The diagnostic results allowed this research to confirm the dating suggested by the historical-stylistic knowledge and to highlight new technical peculiarities supporting the attribution to a Neapolitan workshop.
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Di Virgilio, Aldo. « Autunno 1999 : elezioni politiche suppletive ed elezioni comunali siciliane ». Quaderni dell'Osservatorio elettorale QOE - IJES 43, no 1 (30 juin 2000) : 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/qoe-12787.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L’appuntamento elettorale autunnale del 1999 è stato esiguo per numero di consultazioni e circoscritto sul piano territoriale. Vi si sono svolte infatti cinque elezioni politiche suppletive (28 novembre) e 16 elezioni comunali (28 novembre12 dicembre), queste ultime tutte in Sicilia. Si è votato in quattro collegi della Camera, in un collegio senatoriale, in due comuni capoluogo di provincia (Caltanissetta e Siracusa) e in altri 9 comuni siciliani con oltre 15.000 abitanti.
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Giangrosso, Giuseppe, Gaetano Cammilleri, Andrea Macaluso, Antonio Vella, Nicolantonio D’Orazio, Stefania Graci, Gianluigi Maria Lo Dico, Fabio Galvano, Margherita Giangrosso et Vincenzo Ferrantelli. « Hair Mercury Levels Detection in Fishermen from Sicily (Italy) by ICP-MS Method after Microwave-Assisted Digestion ». Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2016 (2016) : 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5408014.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A number of ninety-six hair samples from Sicilian fishermen were examined for total mercury detection by an Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. The mercury levels obtained were compared with mercury levels of 96 hair samples from a control group, in order to assess potential exposure to heavy metals of Sicilian fishermen due to fish consumption and closeness to industrial activities. Furthermore, the mercury levels obtained from hair samples were sorted by sampling area in order to verify the possible risks linked to the different locations. The overall mean concentration in the hair of the population of fishermen was6.45±7.03 μg g−1, with a highest value in a fisherman of Sciacca (16.48 μg g−1). Hair mercury concentration in fishermen group was significantly higher than in control group (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in hair total mercury concentrations between sampling areas (p>0.05). The results of this study indicate a greater risk of exposure to mercury in Sicilian fishermen, in comparison to the control population, due to the high consumption of fish and the close relationship with sources of exposure (ports, dumps, etc.).
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Cavalcante, Francesco, Giacomo Prosser, Fabrizio Agosta, Claudia Belviso et Giuseppe Corrado. « Post-depositional history of the Miocene Gorgoglione Formation (southern Apennines, Italy) : inferences from mineralogical and structural analyses ». Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 186, no 4-5 (1 juillet 2015) : 243–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.186.4-5.243.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract The Gorgoglione Formation represents the infill of a thrust-top basin, which records the tectonic evolution of the southern Apennines (Italy) since Upper Miocene times. The Upper Miocene basin was divided into two main sub-basins, showing both about NNW-SSW elongation. During ongoing contractional deformation, the Gorgoglione basin was incorporated into the allochthonous units of the Apennine fold-and-thrust belt, as outlined by the emplacement of thrust sheets of internal provenance (Sicilide Unit) and by the development of two main generations of tight to open folds. In this work, the modalities of deformation associated to the incorporation of the Gorgoglione Formation into the fold-and-thrust belt has been documented by means of mineralogical and structural analyses. Mineralogical data show that, in the northeastern sub-basin of the Gorgoglione Formation, the illite content and the order of illite/smectite mixed layer increase near the contact with the overlaying Sicilide Unit. These data are hence used to estimate the relative tectonic load produced by thrusting of the aforementioned tectonic unit. Structural data are consistent with tight, NNW-trending, meso-scale folds particularly frequent in the upper pelitic/arenaceous portion of the Gorgoglione Formation. Within these folded pelitic levels, a well-developed axial-plane foliation, and an ordered I/S (R1 and R3) with higher illite content, is documented. Instead, other folds developed far away from the Sicilide klippen show an incipient axial-plane foliation and a random I/S (R0) with lower illite amount is found in pelites. The data suggest that the eastern sub-basin of the Gorgoglione Formation underwent variable tectonic load, increasing from E to W, as well as deformation produced by thrusting of Sicilide sheet. The mineralogical data also indicate that illitization process is favoured for the high availability of potassium due to the dissolution of k-feldspar. High potassium availability affects the samples subjected to the highest diagenetic degree, characterized by kaolinite illitization process.
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Bombara, Daniela. « L’'amour fou' tra spaesamento e straniamento in due scrittrici siciliane : Rosina Muzio Salvo e Cettina Natoli ». Incontri. Rivista europea di studi italiani 36, no 1 (9 septembre 2021) : 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/inc11008.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Amour fou between displacement and estrangement in two Sicilian writers of the Nineteenth Century
Rosina Muzio Salvo and Cettina Natoli
This research aims at investigating the topos of love as deep and extreme passion, in opposition to social stereotypes, in two novels by two Sicilian female writers of the Nineteenth Century, Adelina (1845) by Rosina Muzio Salvo (1815-1866) and Margherita Royn (1886) by Cettina Natoli (1867-1913). In Adelina amour fou is in conflict with the patriotic needs and the moralism of the newborn middle-class society; in Margherita Royn, an overliterary, different kind of love clashes with the materialism and commercialization which dominate in late Nineteenth century. Adelina’s displacement is highlighted by the structure of the polyphonic epistolary novel, in which the protagonist’s ‘reasons of the heart’ are opposed to the opinions of all the other characters; according to a process of Verghian estrangement (Luperini, 1974), they convey a distorted picture of her passion and consider it a weird, unacceptable fact. Margherita is able to see reality only through an overly literary lens of extreme sentimentality; her isolation is manifest in the depiction of her body, consumed by an adulterous passion which contrasts with her husband’s rough physicality; overcome by jealousy, he will end up killing her.
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Galasso, Paolo, Dario Grimaldi, Letizia Aiello et Gabriele Galasso. « Wintering shorebird in sandy coasts of Catania’s gulf (Sicily, Italy) : 2011-2020 ». Rivista Italiana di Ornitologia 91, no 1 (16 avril 2021) : 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/rio.2021.506.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Sandy coasts are specific habitats of high ecological significance for many species of shorebirds. The Gulf of Catania, in the Eastern coast of Sicily, is considered one of the most important sandy coastal areas of the region for the wintering of different species of Charadriidae and Scolopacidae, also due to the presence of River Simeto’s mouth and other freshwater streams. Since the area has been subject to many changes in the last few decades and recent data were not available, a ten-year monitoring of the wintering shorebird community has been carried out, from January 2011 to January 2020, to understand its current ecological role and to update the knowledge about numbers and trends of Sicilian wintering shorebirds along the coast. A total of 3,171 individuals and 16 different species were observed, including a considerable amount of individuals of Calidris alba and Charadrius alexandrinus, despite the latter showed an 80% decrease in number in the last 20 years in the area. For each species, maximum numbers observed per winter and related five-year averages, estimates, IKA (Index of Abundance per Kilometre) and percentages in relation to the national wintering population have been reported. Furthermore, data about species associations were collected and analysed. This survey shows how the ecological value of River Simeto’s mouth has decreased considerably in the last decades in favour of other locations, such as the mouth of Canale Arci, where almost 50% of the birds were observed.