Thèses : « Dispositional approach »

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Imel, Janna L. « FROM SUNRISE TO SUNSET : A LIFESPAN APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING THE MENTAL HEALTH OF A SUBSET OF AMERICAN FARMERS ». VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5967.

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Prior research has indicated higher risk of suicide for farmers and identified depression and anxiety as mental health concerns, though the majority of research was conducted in the 1980s-1990s. In today’s economic, social, and political climate, farmers are exposed to situations and stressors reminiscent of the 1980s Farm Crisis. An added risk is the aging workforce of farmers, as age-related conditions can make farming even riskier. This study investigated the mental health of a subset of American farmers by exploring farm-related stressors, coping mechanisms, and mental health outcomes. Dispositional mindfulness was explored as a specific coping mechanism. Participants (N = 158) were recruited through in-person and online surveys. All participants were farmers in the United States at the time of the study, with the majority farming in the state of Kentucky (48.7%). Participants were predominantly female (55.4%), White (98.1%), married (77.1%), and multi-generation farmers (69.2%). Participants completed measures of farm stress, general stress, depressive and anxious symptoms, coping, resilience, and dispositional mindfulness. Hierarchical linear regressions and moderation analyses were used to examine study aims. Results showed that farmers in this sample experience rates of depressive symptoms 1.5 times to 4.5 times higher than the national population, as well as rates of anxiety symptoms 1.5 times higher than the national population. Results also revealed that farmers with higher levels of farm stress are at a higher risk for anxious and depressive symptomology. Age appeared to be a protective factor, as older farmers reported the lowest levels of farm stress. Being a female was associated with higher farm stress. Regarding coping, over half of farmers endorsed using “planning” as the top strategy for coping with farm-related stressors. Farmers higher in dispositional mindfulness had better mental health ratings and lower farm stress. Further results and implications of the findings are discussed.

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Ormandy, Elizabeth Mary. « Examining the behaviour of re-gifting using a multi-method approach ». Thesis, University of Canterbury. Management, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6212.

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This study investigated the behaviour of re-gifting using both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Re-gifting is the gift-giving behaviour of giving a gift that was previously given to you, to another with the pretence that you purchased the gift. The qualitative phase used semi-structured interviews to uncover an initial understanding of re-gifting behaviour from participants’ selected using purposive sampling. The main findings arising from this phase showed that re-gifters used three main factors to determine when it is appropriate to re-gift. These three factors, relationship, occasion and gift were used as the basis of the conceptual framework. This framework was then analysed using an online experiment with the use of vignette techniques which was the focus of the quantitative phase. The study focused on understanding what influences individuals decisions to re-gift. The main factors of interest were how the gift, occasion and relationships involved influenced re-gifting intentions. Re-gifting attitudes where analysed using the factors gift-giving attitudes, previous re-gifting experiences and frequency of re-gifting. A total of 211 responses were collected from Web users from around the world. The study suggests that re-gifters are influenced by the relationships involved and the type of gift, not the occasion. Re-gifting attitudes can be influenced by previous re-gifting experiences. This study has numerous practical implications, more specifically for retailers and charity organisations. This study adds major contributions to both gift-giving and disposition literature and introduces the area of re-gifting. Future research in cultural differences, gender differences and re-gifters versus non re-gifters suggested.

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Traore, Ousmane. « Les infractions pénales en matière familiale : approche comparative des droits français et malien ». Thesis, Perpignan, 2021. https://theses-public.univ-perp.fr/2021PERP0008.pdf.

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Cellule de base de toute société, la famille est l’une des structures auxquelles le droit a octroyé plus de considérations tant dans le sens de la protection de l’institution famille que les membres vulnérables qui la composent. Toutefois, cette protection se montre parfois inefficace dans la mesure où elle porte souvent plus de préjudices à la victime qu’elle ne la protège d’où l’intérêt de notre thèse qui vise non seulement à étudier les comportements qui portent atteinte à la famille dans son ensemble, mais également à consacrer une part importante à la classification et au traitement des infractions familiales et, enfin, de proposer des solutions concrètes tirées sur le terrain. L’étude comparative que nous menons dans le cadre de cette thèse consiste à analyser et comparer les avantages comme les inconvénients que présente le système juridique français, influencé par le droit catholique et le droit malien qui prend sa source dans la tradition et dans l’islam en vue de permettre à l’un de se corriger à l’image de l’autre
A basic unit of any society, the family is one of the structures to which the right has given more consideration both in terms of the protection of the family institution and the vulnerable members of it. However, this protection is sometimes ineffective to the extent that it often harms the victim more than it protects the victim, hence the interest of our thesis, which aims not only to study behaviour that harms the family as a whole, but also to devote a significant part to the classification and treatment of family offences and, finally, to propose concrete solutions drawn from the field. The comparative study we are conducting as part of this thesis is to analyze and compare the benefits as the disadvantages of the French legal system, influenced by Catholic law and Malian law which originates in tradition and Islam in order to allow one to correct itself in the image of the other

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Bouattour, Mondher. « Efficience informationnelle, sous-réaction à l'information et effet de disposition : Une approche expérimentale ». Phd thesis, Toulouse 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00762233.

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La sous-réaction à l'information constitue l'une des anomalies à l'hypothèse d'efficience informationnelle. Plusieurs explications en finance comportementale ont été avancées à ce phénomène. Selon Grinblatt et Han (2005), cet écart entre le prix du titre et sa valeur fondamentale est la résultante de l'effet de disposition. Afin d'étudier l'ajustement des prix à la valeur fondamentale, nous avons suivi une approche expérimentale. Pour chacun des deux traitements étudiés, six sessions expérimentales ont été réalisées. 69 sujets ont participé au premier traitement et 72 au deuxième. Les résultats montrent une sous-réaction des prix à un changement de la valeur fondamentale dans chacun des traitements. Cette sous-réaction existe suite aux hausses qu'aux baisses de la valeur fondamentale. Les résultats montrent aussi que l'ajustement des prix est faible quand la plupart des sujets négocient le titre avec une perte en papier. Enfin, la sous-réaction est à son faible niveau quand les sujets, en situation de gain en papier, reçoivent une bonne nouvelle.

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Morales, Jennifer. « Measuring Teacher Dispositions Toward Teaching Sustainable Systems : A Mixed Methods Approach for Instrument Development and Psychometric Testing ». FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2188.

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Sustainability concerns have become prevalent in environmental, societal, and economic systems. To address education towards sustainability the need for explicit instruction in sustainable systems is apparent; however, it is underrepresented in American schools. Despite the emergence of sustainability topics in the literature, few have addressed teacher dispositions about providing this needed instruction and none have reported quantitative measures with acceptable estimates of reliability and validity.Dispositions are defined as the tendency to act in a particular manner that aligns with an individual’s belief which can develop and change over time, and are influenced by the experiences and circumstances faced by the individual. To provide the necessary instruction not only are instructors responsible for the curricular content and pedagogical content, but most importantly, they must possess positive dispositions towards providing this instruction. The purpose of this study was to construct and determine estimates of the validity and reliability of the Dispositions Toward Teaching Sustainable Systems Instrument. Using a sequential mixed methods design and Luyt’s Framework for instrument development the researcher, using qualitative methods such as interviews, identified themes that were supportive of the theoretical construct. The four themes that emerged were: administrative support, outdoor resources, collaboration, and professional development, all receiving above 80% interrater agreement (n=3 judges). The quantitative aspect identified the key indicators (items) and their estimates of reliability and validity, and their goodness of fit to the four theoretical constructs. Content validity estimates of the items generated from the interviews were explored using expert judges (n=2) in the area of sustainability education, also achieving above 80% agreement. Participants enrolled in three succeeding semesters of the Teaching Elementary Science Methods course (n=233) were then used to further estimate the reliability (α >.08), construct validity (normed chi-Square = 2.04; GFI=.86 RMSEA =.076; NFI=.96 CFI =.98 PGFI=.634 binomial index of model fit ppR=.271 R2=.073 (4,227)=4.5 pp

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Kloppers, Magdalena Maria. « Die ontwikkeling van ’n kurrikulum-gebaseerde bemiddelingsbenadering vir die aanmoediging van kritiese denkingesteldhede en houdings by tweedejaar-wiskundeonderwysstudente / Magdalena Maria Kloppers ». Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10450.

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This study was undertaken in an attempt to determine the degree to which second year Mathematics education students consider critical thinking dispositions and attitudes to be important and to develop a curriculum-based mediational approach based on the data, to encourage the critical thinking dispositions and attitudes that appeared to be in need of encouragement. A literature study was undertaken to determine the positive critical thinking dispositions and attitudes students should possess. In addition it was also determined which teaching learning approaches will benefit the development of critical thinking dispositions and attitudes the most. The advantages as well as the processes and components that should form part of the mediational approach for the development of critical thinking dispositions were examined. A two-phase, sequential, explanatory mixed method study was subsequently undertaken with second-year Mathematics students at a South African university. The quantitative study made use of a self-developed questionnaire to determine the degree to which students consider critical thinking dispositions and attitudes important. Data emanating from the questionnaires were analysed and questions that had to be answered in narrative format were set for each student according to their own responses on the questionnaire. Narratives formed part of the qualitative component of the study in which students had to indicate factors that influence their critical thinking dispositions and attitudes, what could be done to improve the apparent unimportant critical thinking dispositions and attitudes and whether they regard the critical thinking dispositions and attitudes as important. Narratives were analysed and the results were used to explain the quantitative data. Results revealed that second year Mathematics education students do not consider critical thinking dispositions and attitudes, in particular inquisitiveness but also judiciousness, open-mindedness, systematicity, truth-seeking, analyticity and confidence in critical thinking to be very important and therefore these critical thinking dispositions and attitudes appeared to require encouragement. A curriculum-based mediational approach based on a section in the existing Mathematics module for second year education students was developed in order to encourage critical thinking dispositions in Mathematics. The study concluded with recommendations to encourage critical thinking dispositions and attitudes as well as proposals for future studies.
PhD, Education, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2012

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Rose, Kristopher J. « Stages of change in dispositional optimism, development and evaluation of cognitive-behavioural and psychoeducational approaches to enhance quality of life ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0001/MQ32504.pdf.

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Robert, Alexandre. « Une approche sociomusicologique de la création musicale : la pratique de la composition pianistique de Déodat de Séverac ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040165.

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Comment Déodat de Séverac élabore-t-il ses œuvres pianistiques ? L’enjeu de cette thèse est de comprendre et d’expliquer les manières singulières que ce compositeur a d’écrire pour le piano au prisme des diverses dispositions (c’est-à-dire des diverses tendances à agir, à penser, à sentir, etc.) forgées au sein des cadres de socialisations qu’il est amené à fréquenter au cours de sa trajectoire biographique. Afin de restituer le « faire » pianistique de Déodat de Séverac (ses dispositions, ses logiques pratiques, ses schèmes esthétiques, etc.) et ses éventuelles mutations au long de sa trajectoire, l’auteur articule trois opérations analytiques : la reconstruction des espaces sociaux et des cadres de socialisation successifs traversés par le compositeur tels que la sphère familiale, les cercles littéraires régionalistes et surtout les deux pôles antagonistes de l’avant-garde du champ musical français que sont la Schola Cantorum et la bande des « Apaches » ; l’analyse des actions et des discours du compositeur ; l’analyse musicale de l’ensemble de sa production pianistique. Cette enquête sociomusicologique repose ainsi sur un travail sur archives et sur l’exploitation de plusieurs types de sources, des divers écrits du compositeur – comme sa correspondance ou ses critiques musicales notamment – aux multiples traces musicales de ses œuvres – éditions originales des partitions, manuscrits ou esquisses – en passant par les nombreux indices de ses interactions avec ses contemporains – notamment les écrits sur Séverac et les lettres qui lui sont adressées
How does Déodat de Séverac develop his piano works? This thesis purpose is to understand and explain the composer’s singular ways of writing for the piano through the various dispositions (that is to say the various tendencies to act, to think, to feel, etc.) forged within the frames of socialization he is led to frequent all along his trajectory. To restore the Déodat de Séverac’s “compositional doing” (his dispositions, his practical logics, his aesthetic schemes, etc.) and its possible transformations, the author articulates three analytical operations : a reconstruction of the successive frames of socialization crossed by the composer (such as the familial sphere, the regionalist literary circles, or the two opposing poles of the avant-garde of the French musical field that are the Schola Cantorum and the group of the “Apaches”) ; an analysis of the actions and the speeches of the composer ; an analysis of his whole piano production. This sociomusicological investigation is based on a work on archives and on an exploitation of several types of sources, from the writings of the composer – such as his correspondence or his music criticisms – to the various musical tracks of his works – original edited scores, manuscripts or sketches – via the numerous indications of his interactions with his contemporaries – particularly the writings on Séverac and the letters that are addressed to him

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Mwiiyale, Laina Natangwe. « Exploring the influence of a multiliteracies approach on Grade 11 Physical Sciences learners' sense making and dispositions towards graphs of motion ». Thesis, Rhodes University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/17605.

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Namibian students perform poorly in Physical Sciences and the Physics component in particular (DNEA, 2013). The Namibian Senior Secondary Certificate (NSSC) Examiner's report (DNEA, 2014) also reveals that many Physical Science learners have difficulties demonstrating an understanding of basic physics required for working with kinematic graphs (graphical representation of motion). Kinematics is an important tool in understanding the motion of objects - whether translational, oscillatory or circular. In kinematics, the relationships between distance, displacement, speed, velocity or acceleration and time are represented in graphs of motion. In teaching the topic, using graphs can be an alternative to the use of abstract formulas, or formulas can be used along with graphical representations to facilitate student understanding (Behzak, 2006). This study explored the influence of the multiliteracies approach on grade 11 Physical Science learners' dispositions and sense making towards graphs of motion. The intervention being investigated is informed by the Pedagogy of Multiliteracies (PoM) framework by Cazden et al., (1996) with the focus on overt instruction, situated practice, critical framing and transformed practice using semiotic patterns of meaning, in conjunction with Vygotsky's (1978) social constructivism theory - particularly, its notion of mediation. This action research study employed the interpretive paradigm. Data were collected using a pre-test, stimulated recall interviews, lesson observations, a post-test and learners' reflections. Data were coded and the codes then categorized into different themes in order to answer the research questions. The findings of this study were that learners are better able to make sense of graphs of motions when a PoM approach is employed. Their dispositions towards graphs of motion also improved as a result of the PoM intervention, due to it enabling a better understanding of kinematics concepts. This study also contributed to the professional development of the researcher, particularly in terms of it contributing to a broader understanding of the research and possible usefulness of semiotic mediation in science education. Implications of the study include the possibility of including the PoM approach in science teacher education and training programme curricula.

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Vaisse, Curtis. « Essai d’une nouvelle problématique de lutte contre la contrefaçon contemporaine : approche globale des techniques préventives et répressives des trafics de produits contrefaisants ». Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05D017.

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Forté, Lucie. « Devenir sportif de haut niveau : approche sociologique de la formation et de l'expression de l'excellence athlétique ». Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/483/.

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Contre l'idée d'une réussite sportive qui serait le produit de qualités physiques innées inégalement réparties, ce travail analyse les conditions sociales de la réussite athlétique. En étudiant les interactions sociales et modes de socialisation qui balisent les parcours sociaux et sportifs des athlètes de haut niveau (AHN), il s'agit de caractériser les différentes étapes de la carrière athlétique. Le travail d'inculcation d'une vocation sportive et de conversion à un projet de vie particulier se situe au centre de l'analyse. Une étude des configurations familiales et sportives des AHN permet de mieux appréhender les contextes favorables à la construction et l'activation d'un système de dispositions " adapté " à la réalité " objective " de chaque étape de la carrière athlétique. La déconstruction des mythes caractérisant la perception de la réussite sportive passe également par une analyse de la distribution des AHN selon l'origine sociale, le sexe et la " race ". En effet, au-delà du rôle de la famille dans la transmission et le développement d'un capital sportif, le soutien familial constitue un facteur discriminant pour le déroulement de la carrière sportive de haut niveau. D'autre part, l'analyse du régime de genre spécifique au monde de la compétition athlétique de haut niveau permet de repérer des processus de ségrégation et de distinction sociale qui pèsent différemment sur l'engagement sportif des hommes et des femmes. Enfin, des processus d'identification raciale s'appuyant sur des catégorisations relativement complexes définissent des " sous communautés " athlétiques aux frontières plus ou moins définies et perméables. Dans ce cadre, l'engagement dans la carrière s'accompagne parfois d'une logique de revendication identitaire et de retournement d'un stigmate
Against the perception witch associates the sportive success with some innate physical qualities, we analyse the social circumstances of the athletic success. We focalize our analysis on the social interactions and the socializing processes which characterize the high level athlete's social trajectories. In order to characterise those trajectories, we focalize on the successive stages of the athletic career which are qualified in the light of a vocational inculcation and a conversion to a particular project of life. To understand those social processes, we analysis the configurations which are less or more likely to assist the construction and the activation of an habitus defined as a dispositional system less or more adapted to the objective reality of the career. Breaking the myths of the sportive success we also analyse the high level athlete's social distribution according to their class, sex and race. Indeed, families participate to the transmission and the development of the sportive capital and their availability is a discriminating factor for the development of the sportive career. The analyse of the gender regime which takes place in the world of the high level athletic competition also reveals some processes of segregation and social distinction which have an influence on the sportive involvement. The world of the high level performance is also characterised by some processes of racial identification which define several communities which boundaries are less or more vague and permeable. In this, the involvement in the athletic career is sometimes coloured of some ethnical claims and a stigma reversal

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Fronton, Ludivine [Verfasser], et Wilhelm [Akademischer Betreuer] Huisinga. « Modeling approaches to characterize the disposition of monoclonal antibodies : from detailed PBPK models to classical compartment models / Ludivine Fronton ; Betreuer : Wilhelm Huisinga ». Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2015. http://d-nb.info/121839918X/34.

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Gojard, Loïc. « De la formation à l'emploi, une approche socio-cognitive des carrières étudiantes : le cas des STAPS ». Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1822/.

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Ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans la lignée des travaux de Lahire (1997) et Millet (1999, 2003) sur les manières d'étudier et les rapports au savoir des étudiants, mais également de ceux de Chevalier (2008, 2010) sur les étudiants STAPS et les relations entre carrière amateur et carrière étudiante. Nous nous inscrivons également dans une sociologie attentive à l'impact des idées (analysées en tant que dispositions cognitives) sur les comportements sociaux. A partir de résultats d'enquêtes par questionnaires, d'entretiens auprès de plus de 90 étudiants et diplômés STAPS et d'observations réalisées au sein d'une université, l'objet de cette recherche est d'interroger les processus cognitifs sous-jacents à la carrière étudiante, plus particulièrement à la réussite d'études universitaires de niveau Master, à la formation d'un professionnel et à l'insertion professionnelle. Il apparaît que la réussite de la carrière nécessite de franchir différentes étapes marquées par des " turning points " (Hughes, 1996) " cognitifs ", et de construire des dispositions cognitives hétérogènes (parfois contradictoires) qu'il s'agit de savoir activer au bon moment. Par ailleurs, réussir sa carrière étudiante, c'est-à-dire non seulement ses études mais également son insertion professionnelle, semble nécessiter de la part de l'étudiant d'entrer dans une dynamique d'" intellectualisation " et de " professionnalisation " de certaines dispositions cognitives, notamment des rapports au savoir, au sport et au métier
This work of thesis is in line with the work of Lahire (1997) and Millet (1999, 2003) on the manners to study and relationships to knowledge of the students, but also those of Chevalier (2008, 2010) on the STAPS students and the relations between amateur career and student career. We also join a sociology attentive to the impact of the ideas (analyzed as cognitive dispositions) on social behavior. From results of questionnaire surveys, interviews with more than 90 STAPS students and graduates and from observations realized within a university, the subject of this research is to question the underlying cognitive processes in the student career, especially to the success of university master's level, the training of a professional and to the occupational integration. It seems that a successful career requires crossing different stages marked by "cognitive"" turning points" (Hughes, 1996), and build cognitive dispositions heterogeneous (sometimes contradictory) that the question is to activate right time. Moreover, a successful student career, ie not only his studies but also his occupational integration, seems to require from the student to enter into a dynamic of "intellectualization" and "professionalization" of certain cognitive dispositions, including reports to knowledge, sport and profession

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Roessle, Sophie. « Construction de dispositions didactiques chez le jeune enfant : des pratiques éducatives familiales – bébés nageurs et jeu a la maison – vers 'entrée dans les apprentissages scolaires a l'école maternelle ». Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00472545.

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L'époque contemporaine a vu croître la valeur donnée par notre société à la période de la petite enfance selon la considération grandissante de son impact sur la vie future de l'adulte. Se sont multipliées les activités préscolaires dont l'un des objectifs, plus ou moins explicite, est de favoriser l'adaptation à l'école maternelle. Face à ces constats, nous postulons que la pratique de l'activité aquatique d'éveil favorise la construction de dispositions à apprendre déjà mise en oeuvre dans le quotidien familial. Notre travail de recherche s'inscrit en didactique comparée. Il vise à identifier quel type de dispositions didactiques chaque enfant de nos trois études de cas développe dans sa famille, puis d'évaluer, par comparaison, leur capital d'adéquation avec le fonctionnement scolaire. Nous utilisons les concepts de la Théorie de l'Action Conjointe en Didactique et axons notre analyse sur la topogénèse afin de décrire le rôle de chacun lors de jeux ludiques (jeux sans enjeux d'apprentissage) évoluant en jeux didactiques. Nous concluons que, si les trois familles disent valoriser l'autonomie de leur enfant, chacune présente un fonctionnement didactique et un rapport aux règles définitoires et stratégiques du jeu didactique différents. Ceci développe inégalement chez l'enfant des dispositions à l'effectuation du jeu didactique et des dispositions à accepter la dévolution du problème. Les trois enfants arrivent alors à l'école maternelle avec un capital d'adéquation différent. Le plus élevé se caractérise par un développement équilibré entre les deux sortes de dispositions, avec une valorisation des dispositions à accepter la dévolution du problème

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Mnaouri, Abderrafia. « Approche comparée de l'appareil législatif franco-marocain en matière de lutte contre le terrorisme ». Thesis, Perpignan, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PERP0025/document.

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Les États ont déployé d’immenses efforts pour la mise en place d’un système efficace de coopération internationale et régionale pour lutter contre le terrorisme. Cependant, sur le plan international la coopération s’appuie sur des conventions sectorielles visant à réprimer certains actes graves tels ceux portant atteinte à l’aviation civile. Sur le plan régional, la convention européenne relative à la répression du terrorisme, la décision-cadre sur la lutte contre le terrorisme ainsi que la convention arabe sur la lutte contre le terrorisme comportent la majeure partie des mesures prises en matière de lutte conter le terrorisme. La France, historiquement concernée par le terrorisme, et le Maroc pour lequel le phénomène est nouveau, ont vu dans la lutte contre le terrorisme un moyen de renforcer leur corpus juridique déjà existant. Ainsi en matière de lutte contre le terrorisme, les deux législateurs ont soit emprunté des infractions au droit commun, soit créé d’autres qui sont nouvelles. Toutefois, la lutte juridique contre le terrorisme ne peut atteindre ses objectifs sans que les causes quien constituent le socle fertile soient éradiquées d’abord
States deployed huge efforts in order to set up an efficient international and regional cooperation system to combat terrorism. However, international cooperation is based on sectorial conventions treating just certain grave acts such as those constituting a threat to civil aviation. Regionally, the European convention on the suppression of terrorism, the framework decision on combating terrorism and the Arab convention against terrorism include the major part of the measures taken in the context of the fight against terrorism. France, historically concerned with terrorism, and Moroccoto whom the phenomenon is new, have considered the fight against terrorism as a means to reinforce their judicial corpus already set up. So, aiming to combat terrorism the two legislators have either borrowed existing offences from the common law, or created new offences. However, judicial fight against terrorism can’t reach its objectives without first eradicating causes that constitute a fertile terrain for it

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Berrebi, Johanna. « Contribution à l'intégration d'une liaison avionique sans fil. L'ingénierie système appliquée à une problématique industrielle ». Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00800141.

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Dans un avion, un hélicoptère ou un lanceur actuel, des milliers de capteurs, pour la plupart non critiques sont utilisés pour la mesure de divers paramètres (températures, pressions, positions...) Les résultats sont ensuite acheminés par des fils vers les calculateurs de bord qui les traitent. Ceci implique la mise en place de centaines de kilomètres de câbles (500 km pour un avion de ligne) dont le volume est considérable. Il en résulte une grande complexité de conception et de fabrication, des problèmes de fiabilité, notamment au niveau des connexions, et une masse importante. Par ailleurs l'instrumentation de certaines zones est impossible car leur câblage est difficilement envisageable par manque d'espace. En outre, s'il est souvent intéressant d'installer de nouveaux capteurs pour faire évoluer un aéronef ancien, l'installation des câbles nécessaires implique un démantèlement partiel, problématique et coûteux, de l'appareil. Pour résoudre ces problèmes, une idée innovante a émergé chez les industriels de l'aéronautique : commencer à remplacer les réseaux filaires reliant les capteurs d'un aéronef et leur centre de décision par des réseaux sans fil. Les technologies de communication sans fil sont aujourd'hui largement utilisées dans les marchés de l'électronique de grande consommation. Elles commencent également à être déployées pour des applications industrielles comme l'automobile ou le relevé à distance de compteurs domestiques. Cependant, remplacer des câbles par des ondes représente un défi technologique considérable comme la propagation en milieu confiné, la sécurité, la sureté de fonctionnement, la fiabilité ou la compatibilité électromagnétique. Cette thèse est motivée d'une part par l'avancée non négligeable dans le milieu aérospatial que pourrait être l'établissement d'un réseau sans fil à bord d'aéronefs dans la résolution de problématique classiques comme l'allégement et l'instrumentation. Il en résulterait donc : * Une meilleure connaissance de l'environnement et de la santé de l'aéronef * Un gain sur le poids. * Un gain en flexibilité. * Un gain en malléabilité et en évolutivité. * Un gain sur la complexité. * Un gain sur la fiabilité D'autre part, étant donnée la complexité de la conception de ce réseau de capteur sans fil, il a été nécessaire d'appliquer une méthodologie évolutive et adaptée mais inspirée de l'ingénierie système. Il est envisageable, vu le nombre de sous-systèmes à considérer, que cette méthodologie soit réutilisable pour d'autre cas pratiques. Une étude aussi complète que possible a été réalisée autour de l'existant déjà établi sur le sujet. En effet, on peut en lisant ce mémoire de thèse avoir une idée assez précise de ce qui a été fait. Une liste a été dressée de toutes les technologies sans fil en indiquant leur état de maturité, leurs avantages et leurs inconvénients afin de préciser les choix possibles et les raisons de ces choix. Des projets de capteurs sans fil ont été réalisés, des technologies sans fil performantes et personnalisables ont été développées et arrivent à maturité dans des secteurs variés tels que la domotique, la santé, l'automobile ou même l'aéronautique. Cependant aucun capteur sans fil n'a été véritablement installé en milieu aérospatial car de nombreux verrous technologiques n'ont pas été levés. Fort des expériences passées, et de la maturité qu'ont prise certaines technologies, des conclusions ont été tirées des projets antérieurs afin de tendre vers des solutions plus viables. Une fois identifiés, les verrous technologiques ont été isolés. Une personnalisation de notre solution a été à envisager afin de remédier tant que faire se peut à ces points bloquants avec les moyens mis à disposition. La méthodologie appliquée nous a permis d'identifier un maximum de contraintes, besoins et exigences pour mieux focaliser les efforts d'innovation sur les plus importantes et choisir ainsi les technologies les plus indiquées.

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Heimann, Valentina Iris Maria. « How do institutional investors approach disposition effect in crises ». Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/133368.

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This work project investigates how institutional investors cope with the disposition effect in crisis and non-crisis environments. Specifically, the internal and external idiosyncratic characteristics of institutional investors are used to find reasons for differences in the magnitudes of factors aggravating disposition effect. The study lays the foundation for easy-to-implement countermeasures against the disposition effect. This is achieved by consolidating countermeasures used by institutional investors in crisis and non-crisis environments into the self-developed SAFE(R) framework and by proposing action points for each investor group to overcome their specific obstacles that cause an increase in disposition effect.

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Půda, Ivo. « Zkoumání modelu pracovní spokojenosti/nespokojenosti - jeho kognitivní, afektivní a behaviorální komponenty (s důrazem na charakteristiky osobnosti) ». Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-348089.

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Exploration of job satisfaction - cognitive, affective and behavioral components (With focus on personality aspects) PhD theses abstract Charles University in Prague Faculty of Arts Department of psychology Author Ivo Půda MA Supervisor PhDr. David Michalík PhD. February 2016 Abstract Dissertation examines the cognitive, affective and behavioral components of job satisfaction with emphasis on the psychological characteristics of personality. It monitors important trends in relation to this issue (economic cycles, emergence of new generations, pressure on performance and innovation, introduction of technology and data analytics, defending of his/her own position, changes in organization of work), provides an overview of the theories of job satisfaction and reflects the historical development of various theoretical and practical approaches trying to describe the complex relationship of personality, work and experience. For better orientation it monitors the development of two strong paradigms (dispositional and situational), which gradually merges into an interactive approach. Mapping psychological characteristics, which undeniably moderating job satisfaction (neuroticism, extroversion, conscientiousness, positive and negative affectivity, locus of control, emotional stability, defensive tendencies,...

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Li, Ting. « Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling approach for drug disposition in human and pregnant rat ». 2007. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/li%5Fting%5F200708%5Fphd.

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Lin, Hsiu-Ping, et 林修平. « Insider Trading : Refining Regulatory And Compliance Approaches Towards Shareholders'' Disposition ». Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12579059284050948630.

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碩士
輔仁大學
法律學研究所
92
ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS Insider Trading: Refining Regulatory And Compliance Approaches Towards Shareholders'' Disposition by Hsiu-Ping Lin Master of Laws (LL.M.) Fu Jen Catholic University, Taiwan, R.O.C., 2004 Professor In-Jaw Lai In light of the fair distribution of profits and loss among shareholders, this thesis aims to highlight the mechanism required to achieve greater effect on regulating insider trading. The author began by examining the micro economic function of such built-in mechanism specified in the Taiwan Company Law for privatized companies and its desired limitation against the disposition by certain shareholders with non-public, material information. Supported by the relevant statutes throughout the entire Taiwan Company Law, the author proves the statutes'' intention to justify any business entity''s self-governance against the disposition of certain shareholders under specific conditions. In reality, however, the enforcement of said statutes and company policies is missing after most companies went public and alarms for attention. To close the loopholes, it is imperative to classify all shareholders based on attributes including, but not limited to, his/her fiduciary duty and whatnot. The author also references to the current classification in the United States and cautions the modification when localizing such classification in Taiwan. Based on such classification, the author proposes to impose limitations such as "black-out periods" and introduces remedies such as "trading windows" and "Rule 10b5-1 plans" currently approved by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Finally, the author urges the legislation efforts called for in order to provide further guidance enforcing regulations towards the dispositions that fall into the gray areas not clarified by existing statutes.

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Martin, Nadia. « Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying Gender Differences in Statistical Reasoning : A Multipronged Approach ». Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7303.

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The past two decades have seen a substantial increase in the availability of numerical data that individuals are faced with on a daily basis. In addition, research uncovering the multiple facets of statistical reasoning has become increasingly prominent. Both gender differences and the effect of experience or training have emerged as two key factors that influence performance in statistics. Surprisingly, though, the combined effects of these two variables have not been studied. This gap in understanding the joint effect of gender and experience on statistical reasoning is addressed in the present dissertation with six studies. In Study 1 (N = 201), participants with various levels of experience in statistics were asked to complete the Statistical Reasoning Assessment (SRA; Garfield, 2003). Although the performance of both genders improved with experience, the gender gap persisted across all experience levels. Multiple measures of individual differences were used in a confirmatory structural equation model. This model supported the idea that differences in statistical reasoning are not uniquely a matter of cognitive ability. In fact, gender was found to influence statistical reasoning directly, as well as indirectly through its influence on thinking dispositions. In Studies 2 (N = 67), 3 (N = 157), and 4 (N = 206), the role of stereotype threat was examined as a potential cause of the persisting gender gap in statistics, and value affirmation was tested as an intervention to overcome stereotype threat. Despite the fact that many women believed negative stereotypes about the ability of women in statistics, value affirmation had no significant impact on performance. To help explain this lack of effect, and in keeping with the results of the structural equation model suggesting a multi-pronged approach, efforts were turned towards a different (and potentially richer) cognitive factor. Specifically, mental representations were explored to help shed light on the root causes of those conceptual understanding differences in statistics. In Studies 5 and 6, gender differences in mental representations of statistical features were examined using a categorization paradigm. In Study 5 (N = 219), extending some of the key findings in Studies 1, 3 and 4, it was established that two courses in statistics are necessary to create a significant difference in the quality of mental representations of statistical concepts. More importantly, Study 6 (N = 208) demonstrated how constraining the task format particularly benefits women in that the quality of their reasoning significantly improved, where that of men was equal across tasks. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

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Mtshali-Dlamini, Sibongile M. « Exploring the relationship between elementary education preservice teachers' dispositions toward diversity and their approach to curriculum and teaching ». 2007. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/umi-okstate-2214.pdf.

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Carsley, Stefanie. « Conceiving a Feminist Legal Approach to Frozen Embryos : Exploring the Limitations of Canadian Responses to Disposition Disputes and Donor Anonymity ». Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/42703.

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This thesis advances a feminist critique of Canadian legal responses to disputes over frozen in vitro embryos and embryo donor anonymity. It argues that current laws that provide spouses or partners with joint control over the use and disposition of embryos created from their genetic materials, that mandate the creation of agreements setting out these parties intentions in the event of a disagreement or divorce and that protect donor anonymity without providing mechanisms to allow donors, recipients and donor offspring to voluntarily exchange information do not adequately account for the lived experiences of women who undergo in vitro fertilization treatment or who serve as embryo donors. This thesis provides recommendations for how Canadian laws and policies might better support the express objectives and intentions of Canadian federal and provincial statutes to protect the rights, interests and health of women who seek to build their families through assisted reproductive technologies.

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Savard, Sébastien. « La remédiation du jeu de rôle sur table vers les plateformes virtuelles : enquête sur les usages émergents à la disposition du maître de jeu 2.0 ». Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20012.

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Chang, Hong-sheng, et 張弘昇. « The Effect of an Online STS-oriented Inquiry Learning Approach on Students’ Learning Achievement, Attitude ,Critical Thinking Ability and Critical Thinking Disposition ». Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36904179449908257904.

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碩士
國立臺南大學
數位學習科技學系碩士班
99
In the era of computer and communication technologies, strengthening students’ high-level thinking abilities has become an important nowadays. Among various learning strategies, inquiry-based learning has been recognized as being a helpful approach for training the thinking process of students. In this study, the effects of integrating the STS (Science-Technology-Society) strategy into online inquiry learning activities on students’ learning achievement, attitude and critical thinking ability is investigated.. The participants were divided into an experimental group, which learned with online sts-oriented inquiry learning approach in a science classroom, and control group, which learned with conventional in-class online inquiry learning approach. From the experimental results, it is found that the experimental group has significantly better critical thinking performance than the control group, implying that the online sts-oriented inquiry learning approach is able to enhance students’ critical thinking ability. In addition, it is found that the experimental group reveal better critical thinking disposition, learning achievement and learning attitude than the control group.

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Huang, Yu-Ning, et 黃于寧. « The Effects of Using a CLIL Approach in High School EFL Classes : English Learning, Motivation, Critical Thinking Disposition and Cross-cultural Awareness ». Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3hgm7t.

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博士
國立中山大學
教育研究所
107
Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has become a very popular approach in Europe over the past decades in the belief that it may help to improve not only on students’ target foreign language but also on the taught content. This study intended to investigate Taiwanese senior high school students’ learning performances through a one semester teaching intervention utilizing a CLIL approach. With concerns of globalization, abilities of using English for communication and abilities of critical thinking, the intervention used contents of diverse cultures and critical incidents to help students use English to discuss their ideas with not only local students but also with peers from a different country through online discussion. The participants were recruited through convenient sampling from two senior high schools and assigned into the experimental group 1 (EG1; N=37, 10th graders, required class), the experimental group 2 (EG2; N= 17, 10th graders, elective class) and the comparison group (CG; N= 37, 10th graders, required class), respectively. According to the nature of the class, 8 students from the participants were selected as target students for weekly class observations based on their pre-test English proficiency scores. All the participants took pre and post-test standardized General English Proficiency Test (GEPT-intermediate level: Listening and Reading tests), and High School Students English Learning Questionnaire (HSELQ) developed and validated by the researcher with references of the seven dimensions of California Critical Thinking Disposition Scale, the Intercultural Communicative Competence Questionnaire (Mirzaei & Forouzandeh, 2013) and Learning Attitudes Scale (Hong, 2013) to determine the students’ improvement on English learning, motivation, critical thinking disposition and cross-cultural awareness during the intervention. In addition, 59 Korean senior high school students were encouraged by their local English teacher to participate in the online discussion voluntarily during their free time. The data of the study was collected through English proficiency tests, HSELQ, the online discussion, the teacher’s reflection, the weekly observations of the target students, the interviews of the eight selected students (4 from EG1 and 4 from EG2) and the two school English teachers. The quantitative results were analyzed through descriptive analysis, paired sample t-test, and ANCOVA; the qualitative results were analyzed via content theme analysis. The research findings were as the follow: EG2 students’ English learning motivation, English reading proficiency test score, critical thinking disposition and cross-cultural awareness were significantly higher than EG1 and CG. Besides, using paired sample t- tests to investigate the changes on each individual group’s pre-test and post-test, and the researcher found that EG2 students’ post-test scores on the dimensions of intrinsic motivation, and integrative motivation were critically improved. In addition, EG2 students’ post-test scores of critical thinking disposition scale on the dimensions of self-confidence, analyticity, cognitive maturity were noticeably enhanced. Moreover, EG2 students’ post scores of cross-cultural awareness scale on the dimensions of knowledge and attitudes were critically improved but no significant differences were found in the post-tests of all scales for CG students. Besides, when investigating students’ initial English proficiency and its possible relations with the CLIL intervention, the researcher found that EG2-low English proficiency students’ English reading proficiency score was significantly improved after the intervention whereas EG1-high English proficiency students’ English listening was decline and no significant differences on their reading post-test score. In addition, EG2-low English proficiency students’ post-test scores of English learning motivation scale on the dimension of intrinsic motivation, of critical thinking disposition scale on the dimensions of self-confidence and cognitive maturity had significant improvements. Additionally, EG2-middle English proficiency students’ post-test score of cross-cultural awareness scale on the dimensions knowledge, skills and attitudes had significant improvements. The results allowed us to shed an additional light on the effective teaching strategies of a CLIL approach to be applied in high school English class and contributed empirical evidences for educational applications.

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Bulwer, Miranda. « Treatment development in problem and pathological gambling ». Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1092.

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This study is an exploration, through ethnographic and auto-ethnographic inquiry, of the personal world, gambling experiences and underlying biopsychosocial vulnerabilities of three individual case studies - one male and two females - each representing a different sub-type of pathological gambler. It comprises the integration and implementation of a psycho-structural stage matching model to explore comorbidity and identify certain biopsychosocial manifestations in the respective stages of pathological gambling. Long term treatment strategies were identified and patient treatment matching was explored. Further, it comprises my personal relationship and therapeutic treatment of these sub-types of gamblers over a period of one year and longer. In this study it is hypothesized that formulating appropriate matching long term treatment strategies should be based on the stage of change, the phase in the psycho-structural model, as well as the gambler's underlying vulnerability. From this a comprehensive gambling disposition profile can be completed with proper intervention matching approaches. A number of other hypotheses emerged from this study that could provide valuable information and serve as a guideline to those working with pathological gamblers.
Psychology
D.Phil.

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Thèses sur le sujet « Dispositional approach »

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