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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Digital surface models (DSMs) »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 1 février 2025

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Digital surface models (DSMs)"

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Sadeq, H., J. Drummond et Z. Li. « MERGING DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS IMPLEMENTING BAYESIAN APPROACHES ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B7 (21 juin 2016) : 711–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b7-711-2016.

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In this research different DSMs from different sources have been merged. The merging is based on a probabilistic model using a Bayesian Approach. The implemented data have been sourced from very high resolution satellite imagery sensors (e.g. WorldView-1 and Pleiades). It is deemed preferable to use a Bayesian Approach when the data obtained from the sensors are limited and it is difficult to obtain many measurements or it would be very costly, thus the problem of the lack of data can be solved by introducing a priori estimations of data. To infer the prior data, it is assumed that the roofs of the buildings are specified as smooth, and for that purpose local entropy has been implemented. In addition to the a priori estimations, GNSS RTK measurements have been collected in the field which are used as check points to assess the quality of the DSMs and to validate the merging result. The model has been applied in the West-End of Glasgow containing different kinds of buildings, such as flat roofed and hipped roofed buildings. Both quantitative and qualitative methods have been employed to validate the merged DSM. The validation results have shown that the model was successfully able to improve the quality of the DSMs and improving some characteristics such as the roof surfaces, which consequently led to better representations. In addition to that, the developed model has been compared with the well established Maximum Likelihood model and showed similar quantitative statistical results and better qualitative results. Although the proposed model has been applied on DSMs that were derived from satellite imagery, it can be applied to any other sourced DSMs.
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Sadeq, H., J. Drummond et Z. Li. « MERGING DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS IMPLEMENTING BAYESIAN APPROACHES ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B7 (21 juin 2016) : 711–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b7-711-2016.

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In this research different DSMs from different sources have been merged. The merging is based on a probabilistic model using a Bayesian Approach. The implemented data have been sourced from very high resolution satellite imagery sensors (e.g. WorldView-1 and Pleiades). It is deemed preferable to use a Bayesian Approach when the data obtained from the sensors are limited and it is difficult to obtain many measurements or it would be very costly, thus the problem of the lack of data can be solved by introducing a priori estimations of data. To infer the prior data, it is assumed that the roofs of the buildings are specified as smooth, and for that purpose local entropy has been implemented. In addition to the a priori estimations, GNSS RTK measurements have been collected in the field which are used as check points to assess the quality of the DSMs and to validate the merging result. The model has been applied in the West-End of Glasgow containing different kinds of buildings, such as flat roofed and hipped roofed buildings. Both quantitative and qualitative methods have been employed to validate the merged DSM. The validation results have shown that the model was successfully able to improve the quality of the DSMs and improving some characteristics such as the roof surfaces, which consequently led to better representations. In addition to that, the developed model has been compared with the well established Maximum Likelihood model and showed similar quantitative statistical results and better qualitative results. Although the proposed model has been applied on DSMs that were derived from satellite imagery, it can be applied to any other sourced DSMs.
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Liao, Jianghua, Jinxing Zhou et Wentao Yang. « Comparing LiDAR and SfM digital surface models for three land cover types ». Open Geosciences 13, no 1 (1 janvier 2021) : 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0257.

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Abstract Airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and unmanned aerial vehicle structure from motion (UAV-SfM) are two major methods used to produce digital surface models (DSMs) for geomorphological studies. Previous studies have used both types of DSM datasets interchangeably and ignored their differences, whereas others have attempted to locally compare these differences. However, few studies have quantified these differences for different land cover types. Therefore, we simultaneously compared the two DSMs using airborne LiDAR and UAV-SfM for three land cover types (i.e. forest, wasteland, and bare land) in northeast China. Our results showed that the differences between the DSMs were the greatest for forest areas. Further, the average elevation of the UAV-SfM DSM was 0.4 m lower than that of the LiDAR DSM, with a 95th percentile difference of 3.62 m for the forest areas. Additionally, the average elevations of the SfM DSM for wasteland and bare land were 0.16 and 0.43 m lower, respectively, than those of the airborne LiDAR DSM; the 95th percentile differences were 0.67 and 0.64 m, respectively. The differences between the two DSMs were generally minor over areas with sparse vegetation and more significant for areas covered by tall dense trees. The findings of this research can guide the joint use of different types of DSMs in certain applications, such as land management and soil erosion studies. A comparison of the DSM types in complex terrains should be explored in the future.
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Ilehag, R., S. Auer et P. d’Angelo. « EXPLOITATION OF DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS GENERATED FROM WORLDVIEW-2 DATA FOR SAR SIMULATION TECHNIQUES ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-1/W1 (30 mai 2017) : 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-1-w1-55-2017.

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GeoRaySAR, an automated SAR simulator developed at DLR, identifies buildings in high resolution SAR data by utilizing geometric knowledge extracted from digital surface models (DSMs). Hitherto, the simulator has utilized DSMs generated from LiDAR data from airborne sensors with pre-filtered vegetation. Discarding the need for pre-optimized model input, DSMs generated from high resolution optical data (acquired with WorldView-2) are used for the extraction of building-related SAR image parts in this work. An automatic preprocessing of the DSMs has been developed for separating buildings from elevated vegetation (trees, bushes) and reducing the noise level. Based on that, automated simulations are triggered considering the properties of real SAR images. <br><br> Locations in three cities, Munich, London and Istanbul, were chosen as study areas to determine advantages and limitations related to WorldView-2 DSMs as input for GeoRaySAR. Beyond, the impact of the quality of the DSM in terms of building extraction is evaluated as well as evaluation of building DSM, a DSM only containing buildings. The results indicate that building extents can be detected with DSMs from optical satellite data with various success, dependent on the quality of the DSM as well as on the SAR imaging perspective.
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Pang, S., X. Hu, M. Zhang et L. Ye. « SEMI – GLOBAL MERGING OF DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS FROM MULTIPLE STEREOPAIRS ». ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W4 (13 septembre 2017) : 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w4-267-2017.

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The semi-global optimization algorithm, which approximates a global 2D smoothness constraint by combining several 1D constraints, has been widely used in the field of image dense matching for digital surface model (DSM) generation. However, due to occlusion, shadow and textureless area of the matching images, some inconsistency may exist in the overlapping areas of different DSMs. To address this problem, based on the DSMs generated by semi-global matching from multiple stereopairs, a novel semi-global merging algorithm is proposed to generate a reliable and consistent DSM in this paper. Two datasets, each covering 1&amp;thinsp;km<sup>2</sup>, are used to validate the proposed method. Experimental results show that the optimal DSM after merging can effectively eliminate the inconsistency and reduce redundancy in the overlapping areas.
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Rogers, Stephanie R., Ian Manning et William Livingstone. « Comparing the Spatial Accuracy of Digital Surface Models from Four Unoccupied Aerial Systems : Photogrammetry Versus LiDAR ». Remote Sensing 12, no 17 (29 août 2020) : 2806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12172806.

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The technological growth and accessibility of Unoccupied Aerial Systems (UAS) have revolutionized the way geographic data are collected. Digital Surface Models (DSMs) are an integral component of geospatial analyses and are now easily produced at a high resolution from UAS images and photogrammetric software. Systematic testing is required to understand the strengths and weaknesses of DSMs produced from various UAS. Thus, in this study, we used photogrammetry to create DSMs using four UAS (DJI Inspire 1, DJI Phantom 4 Pro, DJI Mavic Pro, and DJI Matrice 210) to test the overall accuracy of DSM outputs across a mixed land cover study area. The accuracy and spatial variability of these DSMs were determined by comparing them to (1) 12 high-precision GPS targets (checkpoints) in the field, and (2) a DSM created from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) (Velodyne VLP-16 Puck Lite) on a fifth UAS, a DJI Matrice 600 Pro. Data were collected on July 20, 2018 over a site with mixed land cover near Middleton, NS, Canada. The study site comprised an area of eight hectares (~20 acres) with land cover types including forest, vines, dirt road, bare soil, long grass, and mowed grass. The LiDAR point cloud was used to create a 0.10 m DSM which had an overall Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) accuracy of ±0.04 m compared to 12 checkpoints spread throughout the study area. UAS were flown three times each and DSMs were created with the use of Ground Control Points (GCPs), also at 0.10 m resolution. The overall RMSE values of UAS DSMs ranged from ±0.03 to ±0.06 m compared to 12 checkpoints. Next, DSMs of Difference (DoDs) compared UAS DSMs to the LiDAR DSM, with results ranging from ±1.97 m to ±2.09 m overall. Upon further investigation over respective land covers, high discrepancies occurred over vegetated terrain and in areas outside the extent of GCPs. This indicated LiDAR’s superiority in mapping complex vegetation surfaces and stressed the importance of a complete GCP network spanning the entirety of the study area. While UAS DSMs and LiDAR DSM were of comparable high quality when evaluated based on checkpoints, further examination of the DoDs exposed critical discrepancies across the study site, namely in vegetated areas. Each of the four test UAS performed consistently well, with P4P as the clear front runner in overall ranking.
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Krauß, T. « DERIVATION OF BUILDING STRUCTURES FROM NOISY DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS ». International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-1/W2-2023 (13 décembre 2023) : 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-1-w2-2023-15-2023.

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Abstract. In this work we present a novel approach for segementation of a noisy DSM to building structures and other non-building structures – normally trees – and the modeling of them. Mostly Digital Surface Models (DSMs) from only a few aerial images or only from one pair of satellite images tend to be very noisy and lack good quality especially in shadow areas. Since actual methods for deriving roofs rely on a valid height information by joining areas of same slope to a roof-plane these fail regularly with such noisy DSMs. In our presented approach we use a slope map of the DSM only to detect flat regions. Since those regions on top of roofs are mostly good illuminated we can derive the ridges of roofs and flat roofs and also ground areas. All narrow, flat, elevated areas are ridges and may occur on roofs or on trees. After connecting ridges in ridge-directions there remain two types of ridges: long, straight ridges of roofs and mixed short ridges in many directions for the trees. Fitting symmetric planes through the roof-ridge-lines gives finally the roof-planes reducing the effects of noise on shadowed parts of the roof. Taking the other tree-ridges as seeds for a watershed transformation will give the trees. Finally the proposed method is applied to a noisy DSM and the results will be discussed.
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Lowe, Meagan K., Farrah Anis Fazliatul Adnan, Sarah M. Hamylton, Rafael C. Carvalho et Colin D. Woodroffe. « Assessing Reef-Island Shoreline Change Using UAV-Derived Orthomosaics and Digital Surface Models ». Drones 3, no 2 (14 mai 2019) : 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones3020044.

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This study presents an analysis of shoreline change on reef islands using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-derived orthomosaics and digital surface models (DSMs) collected on Sipadan Island, Sabah, Malaysia, and Sasahura Ite Island, Isabel Province, Solomon Islands. The high resolution of UAV-derived orthomosaics enabled changes in the position of the base of beach to be detected with confidence. The accuracy of the UAV-derived DSMs was assessed against equivalent topographic profiles via root-mean-square error, and found to be <0.21 m in all but one case; this demonstrates the potential for using UAV-derived DSMs to interpret three-dimensional island beach morphology and detect patterns of geomorphic change. The correlation between planimetric and volumetric change along selected beach transects was also investigated and found to be variable, indicating that a multifaceted approach including both planimetric (two-dimensional) and volumetric (three-dimensional) metrics is of value when analysing reef-island change. However, interpretations of UAV-derived data must carefully consider errors associated with global positioning system (GPS) positioning, the distribution of ground control points, the chosen UAV flight parameters, and the data processing methodology. Further application of this technology has the potential to expand our understanding of reef-island morphodynamics and their vulnerability to sea-level rise and other stressors.
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Wang, Dejiang, Quanming Jiang et Jinzheng Liu. « Deep-Learning-Based Automated Building Information Modeling Reconstruction Using Orthophotos with Digital Surface Models ». Buildings 14, no 3 (15 mars 2024) : 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030808.

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In the field of building information modeling (BIM), converting existing buildings into BIM by using orthophotos with digital surface models (DSMs) is a critical technical challenge. Currently, the BIM reconstruction process is hampered by the inadequate accuracy of building boundary extraction when carried out using existing technology, leading to insufficient correctness in the final BIM reconstruction. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel deep-learning- and postprocessing-based approach to automating reconstruction in BIM by using orthophotos with DSMs. This approach aims to improve the efficiency and correctness of the reconstruction of existing buildings in BIM. The experimental results in the publicly available Tianjin and Urban 3D reconstruction datasets showed that this method was able to extract accurate and regularized building boundaries, and the correctness of the reconstructed BIM was 85.61% and 82.93%, respectively. This study improved the technique of extracting regularized building boundaries from orthophotos and DSMs and achieved significant results in enhancing the correctness of BIM reconstruction. These improvements are helpful for the reconstruction of existing buildings in BIM, and this study provides a solid foundation for future improvements to the algorithm.
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Noh, Myoung-Jong, et Ian M. Howat. « Analysis of PlanetScope Dove Digital Surface Model Accuracy Using Geometrically Simulated Images ». Remote Sensing 15, no 14 (11 juillet 2023) : 3496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15143496.

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Many objectives in geoscience and engineering require Earth surface elevations at greater temporospatial resolution and coverage than are currently available. This may be achieved with stereo imagery from large constellations of “small sats”, such as PlanetScope Doves. Obtaining Digital Surface Models (DSMs) of sufficient quality from these images is challenging due to their lower resolution and weaker stereo geometry relative to stereo mode satellites such as WorldView. The quality can be improved by utilizing their much larger numbers of repeat images, but this requires effective stereopair selection. To determine the stereo geometries required for obtaining quality DSMs from PlanetScope Dove imagery, we apply a new methodology for generating simulated stereo images of varying geometries using adjusted orientation parameters obtained by a self-calibrating bundle adjustment and validated by comparing the resulting rigorous sensor and rational function models. The accuracies of simulated stereo and multi-pair DSMs are then assessed through comparison to a reference DSM, providing the relationship between specific imaging geometries and DSM quality. Our results provide a basis for automated stereo imagery selection to enable large-scale DSM production from PlanetScope Dove imagery. Our methodology can be applied to other sources of stereo imagery and designing future satellite missions. In the future, we will further develop multi-pair matching algorithms for generating DSMs with Dove Classic images to improve both accuracy and quality that are otherwise limited by the weak stereo geometry of single stereo pairs.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Digital surface models (DSMs)"

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Ilehag, Rebecca. « Exploitation of Digital Surface Models from Optical Satellites for the Identification of Buildings in High Resolution SAR Imagery ». Thesis, KTH, Geoinformatik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191203.

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Interpreting a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image and detecting buildings can be a difficult task visually. In order acquire an overview of an area that has been affected by a disaster, such as an earthquake, SAR is useful due to its independence of weather conditions and the time of the day. GeoRaySAR, a simulator that has been developed by German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the Technical University of Munich (TUM), uses prior knowledge about the geometry extracted, from e.g. a Digital Surface Model (DSM), in order to identify buildings in high resolution SAR data. The simulator has previously utilized DSMs generated from Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) data with a vertical and horizontal resolution of 0.1 meters and 1 meter respectively without vegetation. However, DSMs of such high quality is not available everywhere. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate DSMs generated from high-resolution optical data for identifying building in high resolution SAR data in GeoRaySAR. Specifically, images from the spaceborne sensor WorldView-2 have been utilized in this thesis for the extraction of the geometry. The DSMs have been preprocessed in terms of removal of vegetation and reduction of the noise level. The SAR images, acquired from TerraSAR-X, were utilized in GeoRaySAR in order to detect buildings with the assistance of the DSM. An image size limitation that existed in GeoRaySAR has been addressed by adding tiling, which is based on the size of the study scene. Normalized DSM (nDSM) can be determined by calculating the difference between a DSM and a DTM. A nDSM, that received some adjustments, was used as input to GeoRaySAR and compared with the results from the normal DSM. Study areas in three cities, Munich, London and Istanbul, have been used to determine the advantages and limitations of GeoRaySAR and the impact the quality of the DSM has on the building extraction results. The results indicate that building extents can be detected with DSMs generated from optical data with various success, dependent on the quality of the DSM and on which incidence angle the SAR image was acquired in. The ability to interpret a scene increases with the usage of DSMs of higher quality and with SAR images taken in less steep incidence angles. The building DSM depends heavily on the quality of the DTM, but indicates good results and little data loss in study scenes where the DTM successfully removed all objects above ground.
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Zhang, Li Zhang Li. « Automatic digital surface model (DSM) generation from linear array images / ». [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=16078.

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Gui, Xinyuan. « Building Boundary Sharpening In The Digital Surface Model Using Orthophoto ». The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1566199054184572.

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Macay, Moreira José Miguel. « Using photogrammetric Digital Surface Model in LiDAR software for creating Three Dimensional Buildings ». Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-14724.

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The way of representing Earth has changed; two dimensional (2D) maps have turned into three Dimensional (3D) representations. There are many studies in order to create 3D city maps as well as areas where these are applied such as 3D cadastral, 3D visualization and flood simulation, etc. These can be created with the aid of different data sources using photogrammetric Digital Surface Model (DSM) derived from image matching and from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds or both of them combining orthophotos and building footprints. Several software has been developed to ease and speed up this process. In this study, a current state-of-the art in the 3D city modeling with particular interest to commercial software was analyzed. DSMs from image matching (Satellite and Airborne) were used in order to create a 3D city model of Trento, Italy. The objectivewas to examine the degree of automation and the computation time of two available software: Feature Manipulation Engine (FME) and Building Reconstruction (BREC). Other problem such as the quality of the DSM needed would be discussed for each software and the results would be compared to those achieved using LiDAR data. Recommendations and possible problems would also be addressed. In order to create a 3D city model, the ALDPAT software (Airborne LiDAR Data Processing and Analysis Tool) has been used to separate the ground regions (Digital Terrain Model, DTM) from the man-made objects and trees (Normal Digital Surface Model, nDSM). FME and BREC software have been used to reconstruct the 3D city model. The output results from FME and BREC have been analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The comparison between the models generated from photogrammetric and LiDAR DSMs have been performed. The results show that buildings generated by satellite images have poorest quality compared with buildings from LiDAR and airborne data. In particular, the performed tests will be shown that among the Level of Details (LoD), a LoD1 and LoD2 3D city models can be generated using a DSM by image matching. A deeper study should be done in order to analyze the level of detail qualitatively.
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Ataseven, Yoldas. « Digital Surface Models From Spaceborne Images Without Ground Control ». Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614995/index.pdf.

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Generation of Digital Surface Models (DSMs) from stereo satellite (spaceborne) images is classically performed by Ground Control Points (GCPs) which require site visits and precise measurement equipment. However, collection of GCPs is not always possible and such requirement limits the usage of spaceborne imagery. This study aims at developing a fast, fully automatic, GCP-free workflow for DSM generation. The problems caused by GCP-free workflow are overcome using freely-available, low resolution static DSMs (LR-DSM). LR-DSM is registered to the reference satellite image and the registered LR-DSM is used for i) correspondence generation and ii) initial estimate generation for 3-D reconstruction. Novel methods are developed for bias removal for LR-DSM registration and bias equalization for projection functions of satellite imaging. The LR-DSM registration is also shown to be useful for computing the parameters of simple, piecewise empirical projective models. Recent computer vision approaches on stereo correspondence generation and dense depth estimation are tested and adopted for spaceborne DSM generation. The study also presents a complete, fully automatic scheme for GCPfree DSM generation and demonstrates that GCP-free DSM generation is possible and can be performed in much faster time on computers. The resulting DSM can be used in various remote sensing applications including building extraction, disaster monitoring and change detection.
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Malinowski, Roman. « Uncertainty characterisation in stereophotogrammetry using satellite images ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COMP2842.

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Actuellement, les Modèles Numériques de Surface (MNS) sont nécessaires pour de nombreuses applications, telles que la gestion des ressources en eau, le suivi de la biomasse, l’évaluation des dommages causés par les catastrophes naturelles ou la planification urbaine. Les MNS peuvent principalement être produits par interférométrie Radar, photogrammétrie ou en utilisant des instruments LiDAR. Dans ce contexte, le CNES et Airbus préparent le lancement de la constellation de satellites CO3D afin d’assurer la production massive de MNS à haute résolution par photogrammétrie. Fournie avec le MNS, une carte de performance permettra de caractériser les erreurs liées aux incertitudes dans les données d’entrée ainsi qu’aux incertitudes des méthodes utilisées. L’objectif de cette thèse et de caractériser l’incertitude associée à la production de MNS par photogrammétrie. Nous utilisons des modèles d’incertitude spécifiques, à savoir des probabilités imprécises, et plus particulièrement des distributions de possibilité, afin de caractériser l’incertitude résultant du traitement des images stéréo. Ces modèles définissent des “ensembles crédaux”, qui sont des ensembles convexes de distributions de probabilité. L’intérêt de ces ensembles crédaux est d’être mieux adaptés pour représenter l’incertitude résultant de connaissances incomplètes ou imparfaites, par rapport aux simples distributions de probabilité. En présence de plusieurs sources d’incertitudes, il est également nécessaire de considérer leurs relations de dépendance. Pour cela, il est courant d’utiliser des copules, qui sont des modèles représentant la dépendance entre plusieurs variables aléatoires. Dans cette thèse, trois méthodes distinctes sont introduites afin de joindre des ensembles crédaux marginaux en des ensembles crédaux multivariés à l’aide de copules. Les relations entre ces méthodes sont ensuite étudiées pour des copules spécifiques ainsi que pour différents modèles de probabilités imprécises. Une application de ces ensembles crédaux multivariés est ensuite proposée, afin de propager l’incertitude d’images stéréo dans un problème d’appariement. Différentes optimisations et façons de faciliter la propagation de l’incertitude sont présentées. La propagation correcte de l’incertitude est enfin validée à l’aide de méthodes de Monte-Carlo. Une seconde contribution de cette thèse concerne la modélisation de l’incertitude intrinsèque de l’algorithme d’appariement en utilisant des distributions de possibilité. Une méthode est proposée pour générer des intervalles de confiance associés aux résultats de l’étape d’appariement, et ces intervalles sont propagés jusqu’à la fin du pipeline stéréo, produisant ainsi des intervalles de confiance d’élévation pour les MNS. La taille et la précision de ces intervalles est évaluée en utilisant des images satellites réelles et des MNS pour lesquels une vérité terrain est disponible. Les intervalles ainsi créés contiennent correctement la vérité terrain au moins 90 % du temps
Currently, Digital Surface Models (DSMs) are required in many applications, such as for managing water resources, monitoring biomass, evaluating damages caused by natural catastrophes, or for urban planning. DSMs can mainly be produced by Radar interferometry, photogrammetry or LiDAR scanning. In this context, CNES and Airbus are planning the launch of the CO3D constellation of satellites to massively provide highly accurate DSMs using photogrammetry. A performance map will also be provided alongside the DSM to characterize potential errors resulting from the uncertainty on input data or on its processing. The objective of this thesis is to characterize the uncertainty associated with the production of DSMs using photogrammetry. To do so, special uncertainty models, namelyimprecise probabilities, and more specifically possibility distributions, are employed to characterize the uncertainty arising from stereo images processing. Those models define credal sets, which are convex sets of probability distributions. Credal sets are well-suited to represent uncertainty resulting from incomplete or imperfect knowledge, which can be a limitation for a single probability distribution. In the presence of multiple sources of uncertainty, their dependency must also be considered. For this purpose, it is possible to consider copulas, which are models used to represent the dependency between multiple random variables. In this thesis, three different methods are introduced to join marginal credal sets into multivariate credal sets using copulas. The relationships between those methods are then investigated, for specific copulas and different models of imprecise probabilities. An application of those multivariate credal sets is then proposed, for propagating the uncertainty of stereo images in a dense stereo-matching problem. Different optimizations and ways to facilitate the uncertainty propagation are presented. The correct uncertainty propagation is validated using Monte Carlo sampling. A second contribution of this thesis concerns the uncertainty modeling of the dense matching algorithm itself using possibility distributions. A method is presented for generating confidence intervals associated with the results of the dense-matching step. Those intervals are then propagated to the end of the stereo pipeline, therefore producing elevation confidence intervals for the DSMs. The size and accuracy of intervals are then evaluated, using real satellites images and DSMs for which a ground truth is available. Elevation intervals correctly contain the ground truth at least 90% of the time
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Dessolin, Samuel. « Membrane models for a controllable surface ». Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17527.

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Miller, Matthew Lowell. « Analysis of Viewshed Accuracy with Variable Resolution LIDAR Digital Surface Models and Photogrammetrically-Derived Digital Elevation Models ». Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35692.

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The analysis of visibility between two points on the earthâ s terrain is a common use of GIS software. Most commercial GIS software packages include the ability to generate a viewshed, or a map of terrain surrounding a particular location that would be visible to an observer. Viewsheds are often generated using â bare-earthâ Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) derived from the process of photogrammetry. More detailed models, known as Digital Surface Models (DSMs), are often generated using Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) which uses an airborne laser to scan the terrain. In addition to having greater accuracy than photogrammetric DEMs, LIDAR DSMs include surface features such as buildings and trees. This project used a visibility algorithm to predict visibility between observer and target locations using both photogrammetric DEMs and LIDAR DSMs of varying resolution. A field survey of the locations was conducted to determine the accuracy of the visibility predictions and to gauge the extent to which the presence of surface features in the DSMs affected the accuracy. The use of different resolution terrain models allowed for the analysis of the relationship between accuracy and optimal grid size. Additionally, a series of visibility predictions were made using Monte Carlo methods to add random error to the terrain elevation to estimate the probability of a targetâ s being visible. Finally, the LIDAR DSMs were used to determine the linear distance of terrain along the lines-of-sight between the observer and targets that were obscured by trees or bushes. A logistic regression was performed between that distance and the visibility of the target to determine the extent to which a greater amount of vegetation along the line-of-sight impacted the targetâ s visibility.
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Aktaruzzaman, Md [Verfasser], et Theo G. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmitt. « High Resolution Digital Surface Model (DSM) to Support Modelling of Urban Flooding / Md Aktaruzzaman. Betreuer : Theo G. Schmitt ». Kaiserslautern : Universitätsbibliothek Kaiserslautern, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1018522344/34.

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Rodrigues, Avilmar Antonio. « Uso de veículos aéreos não tripulados para mapeamento e avaliação de erosão urbana ». Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6646.

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This research aimed to evaluate the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) as a platform for taking aerial photographs for mapping erosion planialtimetric located in urban areas. In addition, we evaluated the need to use or not to field control points for the generation of Digital Surface Model (DSM) and ortomosaico as tools to evaluate the erosive process. Despite the wide variation in attitude of aerial photographs that make up the aerophotogrammetric block arising from the instability of the UAV, it was possible to generate the MDS and ortomosaico with or without control points. This research was conducted in two urban erosions located in Goiania in Sector Fonte Nova in the stream of grass and the other in Silvânia called foot-washing. Whole generation of MDS, Digital Surface Model (MDT) and ortomosaico were performed in Agisoft PhotoScan program in semi-automatic processing, if used control points, or automatic without control points. The ortomosaicos generated without control points presented rotation, translation and scale of different generated with support. In addition, MDS generated without control points showed elevation or lowering of the reference surface with respect to the generated control, it is emphasized that these discrepancies are not constant. When performing automatic conversion of MDS to MDT, it was realized that the program was not able to eliminate the shrub vegetation located within the erosion. The vegetation or tree, shrub or undergrowth (grass) prevents proper limitation of erosion to the volume calculation. But unlike the MDS generated between two distinct epochs identifies the changes in the interval of time in areas without vegetation. The use of control points was essential to ensure the orientation, scale and the reference plane in the products generated from aerial photographs and thus evaluate the changes. Anyway, the UAV can be used as a platform for taking aerial photographs for generating cartographic products that enable the mapping and evaluation of erosions.
Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar a utilização do Veículo Aéreo Não Tripulado (VANT) como plataforma para a tomada de fotografias aéreas para o mapeamento planialtimétrico de erosão situada em zona urbana. Além disso, analisou-se a necessidade de utilização ou não de pontos de controle de campo para a geração de Modelo Digital de Superfície (MDS) e ortomosaico como instrumentos para examinar o processo erosivo. Apesar da grande variação da atitude da aeronave durante a obtenção das fotografias aéreas que compõem o bloco aerofotogramétrico, foi possível gerar o MDS e o ortomosaico com ou sem pontos de controle. Este estudo foi realizado em duas erosões urbanas, uma situada em Goiânia-GO, no Setor Fonte Nova/Córrego do Capim, e a outra em Silvânia-GO, denominada de Lava-Pés. Toda a geração dos MDS, Modelo Digital de Terreno (MDT) e ortomosaico foram realizados no programa Agisoft PhotoScan, em processamento semiautomático (i.e., com pontos de controle) e automático (i.e., sem pontos de controle). Os ortomosaicos gerados sem pontos de controle apresentaram rotação, translação e escala diferente dos gerados com apoio. Ademais, os MDS gerados sem pontos de controle apresentaram elevação ou rebaixamento da superfície de referência em relação aos gerados com controle. Ressalta-se, ainda, que essas discrepâncias não foram constantes. Ao realizar a conversão automática do MDS para o MDT, percebeu-se que o programa não foi capaz de eliminar a vegetação arbustiva localizada no interior da erosão. As vegetações arbórea, arbustiva ou rasteira (gramíneas) impedem a correta delimitação da erosão para o cálculo do volume. Porém, a diferença dos MDS gerados entre duas épocas distintas propicia identificar as alterações ocorridas nesse intervalo de tempo nas regiões sem cobertura vegetal. O uso de pontos de controle foi essencial para garantir a orientação, a escala e o plano de referência nos produtos gerados a partir das fotografias aéreas e, assim, avaliar as modificações da erosão. Por fim, o VANT pode ser utilizado como plataforma para a tomada de fotografias aéreas para gerar produtos cartográficos que possibilitem o mapeamento e as avaliações das erosões, sobretudo em áreas urbanas.
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Livres sur le sujet "Digital surface models (DSMs)"

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Shusta, Chris. The Zorrozaurre zoological garden of cladistics : Heterogeneous surface continuity through digital sculpting. 2008.

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Wich, Serge A., et Lian Pin Koh. Data post processing. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787617.003.0007.

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This chapter discusses how data that have been collected with drones can be used to derive orthomosaics and digital surface models through structure-from-motion software and how these can be processed further for land-cover classification or into vegetation metrics. Some examples of the various programs are provided as well. The chapter ends with a discussion on the approaches that have been used to automate counts of animals in drone images.
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Wich, Serge A., et Lian Pin Koh. Conservation Drones. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787617.001.0001.

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In this book, we introduce the use of drones for wildlife conservation. We provide a broad overview of when drone technology can be useful for wildlife conservation before going into the different types of drones that are available and the basic configuration of such systems. After this we discuss the various types of sensors that are being used to obtain data and the various applications for those sensors by us and others. We discuss the various applications of sensors and discuss research that we and others have conducted with those. The usage of drones for surveillance is discussed as well with a particular focus on poaching and other illegal activities. Drones are commonly used for mapping areas and we provide an overview of considerations for mapping missions as well as on how to process the data collected during mapping missions into products. We discuss examples such as the creation of orthomosaics and digital surface models, and their use in land cover classification and for object detection. We also provide an overview of how drones have been used to count animals and derive distribution and density from such data. We end with some thoughts on the future of drones.
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Krasnopolskaia, Iuliia. Design and Parametric Modeling of Pretensioned and Stiffened Membranes Project Work. Technische Universität Dresden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.407.

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This research aimed to develop conceptually the pretensioned and stiffened membrane structures, using an experimental approach and computer simulation. The physical method of form finding included the pretensioned fabric with the glued grid made of the wooden sticks. Relaxation of the stressed membrane contributed to forming the specific anticlastic hyparic surface by energy release. The influence of the rigid elements pattern, intensity and direction of pretensioning on the final shape was investigated. The tensegrity structures were also built applying the same form finding way. These experiments led to the modelling of resulting samples with parametric design tools, namely Rhino and Grasshopper. Optimization of the final shape was carried out by changing parameters such as stiffenings configuration and membrane strength. This digital approach demonstrated successful simulation and rationalization of considered structures. Moreover, the final models can be used for further structural analysis and BIM. Considered membrane structures have very efficient load-bearing behavior. They are characterized by small weight, high light transmission and the ability to create large usable spaces free from columns. The most dangerous loads for membrane structures are wind and ponding. In practice, PTFE coated glass-fibre fabric and PVC coated polyester fabric are most suitable for pretensioned and stiffened membrane structures. The role of stiff elements can be played by steel profiles or metal tubes. The average time for the construction of a membrane structure is 6-15 months. Resulted pretensioned and stiffened membrane structures can be used as pavilions, roofs and awnings. They are distinguished by spectacular architectural view and very effective structural system. In addition, membrane tensile structures are characterized by high eco-efficiency and sustainability compared to other types of construction.
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Digital surface models (DSMs)"

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Paulín, Gabriel Legorreta, Jean-François Parrot, Rutilio Castro-Miguel, Lilia Arana-Salinas et Fernando Aceves Quesada. « Digital Terrain Models Derived from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Landslide Susceptibility ». Dans Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 2 Issue 1, 2023, 389–99. Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39012-8_20.

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AbstractDigital Terrain Models (DTMs) are among the most important spatial information tools used in geomorphological landslide assessment because they allow the extraction of crucial attributes, such as landslide geometry, slope, terrain curvature, etc. However, at a local scale, the assessment of remote volcanic terrains is difficult because the DTMs have poor spatial and temporal representation. Worldwide, geomorphological analysis of landslides processes in mountainous terrains with difficult access has benefited with virtual topography representations using high-resolution Digital Surface Models (DSMs) generated by imagery captured by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). These DSMs include not only the ground topography, but also other landscape elements such as vegetation, buildings, cars, etc. These natural and anthropogenic elements are considered as non-relevant information or noise to obtain only the ground information. Photogrammetric post-processing of the DSM is required to derive a DTM that represent only ground topography. This research uses a Canopy Height Model (CHM), an altimetric selection mask, weights, a low-pass filter, and specific algorithms to generate a DTM from a high-resolution DSM derived from the UAVs and a DTM of a 1:50,000 map. With the DTM thus obtained, landslide susceptibility assessment was then conducted. The assessment completed by means of multiple logistic regression (MLR) in the study area. The Cerro de la Miel in Tepoztlán, State of Morelos, Mexico, is selected to exemplify this method. The study area was affected by rockfalls and shallow landslides during the earthquake on September 19, 2017. The results show an adequate representation of the ground topography, and eliminating most of the noise coming from the high-resolution DSM allowed us to define the landslide susceptibility. For the calculated landslide susceptibility, there is a 76% match between the model and the landslide inventory.
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Macelloni, Myrta Maria, Elisabetta Corte, Andrea Ajmar, Alberto Cina, Fabio Giulio Tonolo, Paolo Felice Maschio et Isabella Nicole Pisoni. « Multi-platform, Multi-scale and Multi-temporal 4D Glacier Monitoring. The Rutor Glacier Case Study ». Dans Geomatics for Green and Digital Transition, 392–404. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17439-1_29.

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AbstractAt present most alpine glaciers are not in equilibrium with the current climate, as a result they are undergoing a dramatic mass loss. Monitoring glacial variations is crucial to assess the consequences of climate change on the territory. In this work different geomatics techniques are exploited to measure and monitor the Rutor glacier over the years. In this study two different techniques were adopted to generate 3 digital surface models (DSMs): aerial and satellite photogrammetry. Two photogrammetric aerial surveys were carried out: at the end of the hydrological year 2019/20 and at the end of the following hydrological year. Additionally, a very high-resolution satellite stereo pair, acquired by the Pléiades-1A platform in 2017, was processed to assess whether satellite images can be applied to extract the 3D surface of the Rutor glacier. In order to evaluate the Rutor glacier mass-balance throughout the years several reference points were positioned and measured before the 2021 aerial flight. Thanks to the presence of the materialized points the 2021 model is considered as the ‘Reference Model’ against which subsequent models can be compared for glacier analysis. This model was validated by means of a comparison with the authoritative Regional DSM based on LiDAR surveys. In alpine glaciers, the positioning of artificial square cross target in time invariant areas is crucial to enable a multitemporal 4D analysis. The use of very high-resolution satellite imagery allows large areas to be mapped in 3D, but with lower accuracies proportionally decreasing with respect to slope and exposure.
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Beani, Egle, Elisabetta Colucci, Luigi La Riccia, Andrea Maria Lingua, Paolo Felice Maschio, Francesca Matrone, Alberto Possa et Ammj Traore. « The 3D Metric Survey for the Digital Cartographic Production to Support the Knowledge of the New Municipality of Mappano ». Dans The Urban Book Series, 153–68. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33894-6_12.

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AbstractThe complexity of the territories and cities is the genesis of the need to carry out spatial analyses, simulations of complex phenomena and urban planning, requiring an evolution of very large-scale numerical cartography. The representation of cities has not to ignore some essential aspects as well as: the three-dimensionality of the land and all its natural and artificial objects, the multi-scale of geometric and descriptive information to allow different levels of detail and granularity according to the operational purposes, and the interoperability, which enable sharing of map data among various stakeholders and applications for complex analysis. The outcome resulted in the evolution of traditional cartography into numerical cartography toward new instruments and applications such as digital twins. They constitute a virtual replica of physical, potential, and actual resources equivalent to objects, processes, people, places, infrastructures, systems, and devices related to the city and the territory. The case study selected for this research is the recent municipality of Mappano, in the metropolitan city of Turin. The methodology consists of a semiautomatic extraction of cartographic information and geometry essential for defining a digital twin. It has been developed investigating the existing Piedmontese regional geoportal (BDTRE) datasets and data models, and the Geographic Information System (GIS) standard specification for 3D city models, CityGML, mainly considering the first three levels of detail (LoD). The methodology and the resulting spatial data application have been validated by in-loco surveys and digital tools in GIS environment. The starting base map entities derived from a high-resolution acquisition from drone photogrammetry (UAV, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, platforms have been adopted). The outputs of the aerial survey, orthophotos, and dense altimetric models (DTM, Digital Terrain Model and DSM, Digital Surface Model) were essential to extract various cartographic information.
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Weidner, Uwe. « Digital Surface Models for Building Extraction ». Dans Automatic Extraction of Man-Made Objects from Aerial and Space Images (II), 193–202. Basel : Birkhäuser Basel, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8906-3_19.

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Bowden, Graham W. « Field topographic surveys and digital terrain models ». Dans Geotechnical Stability in Surface Mining, 409–11. London : CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003079286-62.

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Al-Durgham, M., G. Fotopoulos et C. Glennie. « On the Accuracy of LiDAR Derived Digital Surface Models ». Dans Gravity, Geoid and Earth Observation, 689–95. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10634-7_90.

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Takahashi, Shigeo. « Algorithms for Extracting Surface Topology from Digital Elevation Models ». Dans Topological Data Structures for Surfaces, 31–51. Chichester, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470020288.ch3.

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Zheng, Guoyan, et Miguel A. González Ballester. « An Integrated Approach for Reconstructing Surface Models of the Proximal Femur from Sparse Input Data for Surgical Navigation ». Dans Digital Human Modeling, 767–75. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73321-8_88.

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Leventi, I., I. Nalbantis et A. Georgopoulos. « On the use of Digital Surface Models and hydrological/hydraulic models for inundated area delineation ». Dans Environmental Hydraulics. Volume 2, 875–80. London : CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429100314-44.

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Li, Jing, George Taylor, David Kidner et Mark Ware. « Prediction of GPS Multipath Effect Using LiDAR Digital Surface Models and Building Footprints ». Dans Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems, 42–53. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11935148_5.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Digital surface models (DSMs)"

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Malinowski, Roman, Emmanuelle Sarrazin, Emmanuel Dubois, Loïc Dumas et Sébastien Destercke. « Robust Confidence Intervals for Digital Surface Models Using Satellite Photogrammetry ». Dans IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 8741–44. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642890.

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Abate, D., K. Themistocleous et D. Hadjimitsis. « The Application of Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) in Generating Digital Surface Models from UAV Imagery ». Dans IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 10228–31. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10641392.

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Brand, Howard J. J., et Bing Li. « SEMANTIC DIGITAL SURFACE MAP TOWARDS COLLABORATIVE OFF-ROAD VEHICLE AUTONOMY ». Dans 2024 NDIA Michigan Chapter Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium. 2101 Wilson Blvd, Suite 700, Arlington, VA 22201, United States : National Defense Industrial Association, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-3877.

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<title>ABSTRACT</title> <p>The fundamental aspect of unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) navigation, especially over off-road environments, are representations of terrain describing geometry, types, and traversability. One of the typical representations of the environment is digital surface models (DSMs) which efficiently encode geometric information. In this research, we propose a collaborative approach for UGV navigation through unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) mapping to create semantic DSMs, by leveraging the UAV wide field of view and nadir perspective for map surveying. Semantic segmentation models for terrain recognition are affected by sensing modality as well as dataset availability. We explored and developed semantic segmentation deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) models to construct semantic DSMs. We further conducted a thorough quantitative and qualitative analysis regarding image modalities (between RGB, RGB+DSM and RG+DSM) and dataset availability effects on the performance of segmentation CNN models.</p> <p><bold>Citation:</bold> H. J. J. Brand, B. Li, “Semantic Digital Surface Map Towards Collaborative Off-Road Vehicle Autonomy”, In <italic>Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium</italic> (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 11-13, 2020.</p>
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Liba, Natalja, Kaupo Kokamagi, Rauno Kunnapuu et Kart Metsoja. « MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF STORM DAMAGE TO FORESTS USING THE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHOD ». Dans 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/2.1/s10.38.

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The escalating intensity of climate change-induced storms necessitates efficient methods for surveying storm-damaged forests. This study conducted in Estonia employed Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), equipped with compact cameras, to assess damage over a 16 square kilometer storm-affected area. We created digital surface models (DSMs) and orthophoto mosaics using two types of drones - a fixedwing and a multirotor. While both types had their distinct advantages depending on the terrain, a 70% x 70% overlap of images was found to be inadequate for proper alignment of images in heavily forested areas. Comparing drone-generated DSMs with existing DSM data was a quick method for locating storm-damaged areas, although not ideal for accurately calculating their extent. It was also found that orthophoto mosaics with a 0.2 m resolution were sufficient for damage analysis.
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Aboutalebi, Mahyar, Alfonso F. Torres-Rua, Mac McKee, William P. Kustas, Héctor Nieto et Calvin Coopmans. « Validation of digital surface models (DSMs) retrieved from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) point clouds using geometrical information from shadows ». Dans Autonomous Air and Ground Sensing Systems for Agricultural Optimization and Phenotyping IV, sous la direction de J. Alex Thomasson, Mac McKee et Robert J. Moorhead. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2519694.

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Zhou, Nan, Shixiang Cao, Hongyan He, Kun Xing et Chunyu Yu. « Automatic digital surface model (DSM) generation from aerial imagery data ». Dans Ninth International Conference on Graphic and Image Processing, sous la direction de Hui Yu et Junyu Dong. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2303406.

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Chang, Jia-Ruey, Jyun-Ping Jhan, Kun-Hu Lin, Chun-Chieh Tseng, Po-Sen Yang, Chih-De Wang et Hsun-Chiao Yu. « Evaluation of Pavement Smoothness with a Digital Surface Model (DSM) ». Dans 13th International Conference on Road and Airfield Pavement Technology. Reston, VA : American Society of Civil Engineers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784485255.026.

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Rumadi, Rumadi, Kamirul Kamirul, Farid Armin, Stevry Yushady CH Bissa et Suisbiyanto Prasetya. « Quantification of Physical Blockage Based on Digital Surface Model (DSM) Dataset ». Dans 2020 International Conference on Radar, Antenna, Microwave, Electronics, and Telecommunications (ICRAMET). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icramet51080.2020.9298631.

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Celmina, Vita, et Vivita Pukite. « ANALYSIS OF REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR DETERMINATION OF SPATIAL CHANGES IN ORCHARDS ». Dans GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/15.

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Aim of the paper is to explore the application possibilities of remote sensing data for determination of spatial changes in orchards from 1995 to 2019. In Latvia, many fruit-growing companies have been established around the turn of the century and today have established a solid production base. Although many farms achieve good yields, the average level of productivity in orchards is insufficient. Often the yields are different in the same garden in different places. Remote sensing technology provides tree crown size data. Evaluating garden data would identify sectors with lower increments. When you see specific sectors on the map, they will be surveyed by gardeners looking for factors that have influenced tree growth (soil nutrient content, moisture content, abundant fruit yield, etc.). As a result, average productivity may increase by at least 10%, but in the longer term (5-6 years) by 20-30% Using Latvian Geospatial Information Agency’s available orthophoto and digital surface model (DSM) data, were examined three land units - orchards, where the spatial changes could be observed. The spatial changes can be observed over a longer period of time, therefore there were compared several orthophoto maps, each taken in different period of time. This study is an initial analysis of the data to determine the spatial changes. Future research will further investigate orchards with aerial laser scanning to determine accurate tree crown volumes and develop digital surface models.
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« SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION FOR GENERATING DIGITAL MODELS OF PROSTHESIS ». Dans International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003356601370142.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Digital surface models (DSMs)"

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Brodie, Katherine, Brittany Bruder, Richard Slocum et Nicholas Spore. Simultaneous mapping of coastal topography and bathymetry from a lightweight multicamera UAS. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), août 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41440.

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A low-cost multicamera Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) is used to simultaneously estimate open-coast topography and bathymetry from a single longitudinal coastal flight. The UAS combines nadir and oblique imagery to create a wide field of view (FOV), which enables collection of mobile, long dwell timeseries of the littoral zone suitable for structure-from motion (SfM), and wave speed inversion algorithms. Resultant digital surface models (DSMs) compare well with terrestrial topographic lidar and bathymetric survey data at Duck, NC, USA, with root-mean-square error (RMSE)/bias of 0.26/–0.05 and 0.34/–0.05 m, respectively. Bathymetric data from another flight at Virginia Beach, VA, USA, demonstrates successful comparison (RMSE/bias of 0.17/0.06 m) in a secondary environment. UAS-derived engineering data products, total volume profiles and shoreline position, were congruent with those calculated from traditional topo-bathymetric surveys at Duck. Capturing both topography and bathymetry within a single flight, the presented multicamera system is more efficient than data acquisition with a single camera UAS; this advantage grows for longer stretches of coastline (10 km). Efficiency increases further with an on-board Global Navigation Satellite System–Inertial Navigation System (GNSS-INS) to eliminate ground control point (GCP) placement. The Appendix reprocesses the Virginia Beach flight with the GNSS–INS input and no GCPs.
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Papasodoro, C., D. Bélanger, G. Légaré-Couture et H. Russel. Assessment of approaches and costs associated with the correction of the HRDEM product data in the Canadian Arctic. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331974.

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The High-Resolution Digital Elevation Model (HRDEM) was created as part of the National Elevation Data Strategy to provide detailed elevation data across the country. For the Canadian Arctic, the HRDEM was based on the ArcticDEM initiative with additional post-processing by the Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation to create a 2-meter Digital Surface Model (DSM) covering a geographic region of approximately 4.6 million km2. This report provides details on the investigation of the data issues within HRDEM in the North, available open and commercial sources of elevation data that could be used to improve the product, and technologies available to generate high resolution DSM at similar levels of accuracy and resolution than the current HRDEM. In addition, the report summarizes the results of a research into the common, as well as more advanced (e.g., machine learning), methods for improving the product. In summary, the intent of this investigation was to provide supporting information to address the data anomalies in HRDEM and present a path forward.
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Escarzaga, Stephen, N. E. M. Kinsman et J. R. Overbeck. Photogrammetric digital surface models and mosaiced orthoimagery for Barter Island, Alaska. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/30456.

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Salisbury, J. B., A. M. Herbst et Katreen Wikstrom Jones. Photogrammetric digital surface models and orthoimagery of EauClaire Place, December 5th, 2018. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/30273.

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Salisbury, J. B., A. M. Herbst et Katreen Wikstrom Jones. Photogrammetric digital surface models and orthoimagery of Eklutna Lake, December 5th, 2018. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/30274.

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Salisbury, J. B., A. M. Herbst et Katreen Wikstrom Jones. Photogrammetric digital surface models and orthoimagery of Glenn Highway, December 5th, 2018. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/30275.

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Salisbury, J. B., A. M. Herbst et Katreen Wikstrom Jones. Photogrammetric digital surface models and orthoimagery of Mackenzie Road, December 5th, 2018. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/30277.

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Salisbury, J. B., A. M. Herbst et Katreen Wikstrom Jones. Photogrammetric digital surface models and orthoimagery of Minnesota Drive, December 5th, 2018. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/30278.

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Salisbury, J. B., A. M. Herbst et Katreen Wikstrom Jones. Photogrammetric digital surface models and orthoimagery of Pittman Road, December 5th, 2018. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/30279.

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Salisbury, J. B., A. M. Herbst et Katreen Wikstrom Jones. Photogrammetric digital surface models and orthoimagery of Potter Creek, December 6th, 2018. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/30280.

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