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Sudár, Gergő, Alexandra Rebeka Horváth, Judit Jakab, Roland Pósa, Veronika Halas et János Tossenberger. « The in vivo crude protein digestibility of soybean species cultivated in Hungary ». Acta Agraria Kaposváriensis 25, no 2 (15 décembre 2021) : 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31914/aak.2644.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of the trial was to use the mobile nylon bag technique to determine the crude protein digestibility and calculate the digestible protein yield of soybean varieties cultivated in Hungary. The trial was carried out with 10, double cannulated (duodenal- and PVTC-cannula) hybrid barrows with initial live weights of 40±3.5 kg. The experimental basal diets were formulated on a corn-wheat-barley-soybean basis according to the requierement of growing pigs (Tybirk, 2015). A total of 20 soybean varieties were tested in this experiment. After simulating gastric digestion the nylon bags were inserted into the duodenum of ten barrows through simple duodenal T-cannulae. Ten bags were administered to each pig daily. A total of 200 (10 samples/soybean variety) bags were inserted over a 4-day period. The mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values of the crude protein digestibility of soybean samples were calculated. The protein yields per hectare according to the crop yield and the protein content values and also the digestible protein yield values were calculated. To examine the relationship between crop yield and crude protein yield and also between crop yield and digestible crude protein yield regression analysis were used. The overall results of this experiment indicate that the average crude protein digestibility of the tested soybean varieties was 76.0%, with an absolute difference of 17.3% between the best and the least digestible varieties. ES Mentor variety reached the best digestible crude protein yield, with 1305.4 kg/ha. The variety with the lowest digestible crude protein yield was Boglár, with 752.3 kg/ha. The difference in digestible crude protein yield between these two varieties was 173.5%. In the correlation analysis between digestible crude protein content and yield for soybean varieties our results show that there is no correlation between the two factors. However, Aires, Prestopro, and ES Mentor should be highlighted among the varieties with above trend line results, as they have the best yield (4020 kg/ha; 4100 kg/ha, 4510 kg/ha) and digestible crude protein content (31%, 30.3%, and 28.9%). ES Mentor produced the fourth best digestible crude protein content (28.9%) with the best yield (4510 kg/ha).
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SURPRENANT, J., R. MICHAUD et G. ALLARD. « EFFECT OF ONE CYCLE OF DIVERGENT PHENOTYPIC SELECTION FOR CRUDE PROTEIN, DIGESTIBILITY AND DIGESTIBLE YIELD IN TIMOTHY ». Canadian Journal of Plant Science 70, no 3 (1 juillet 1990) : 757–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps90-093.
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A major goal in the breeding of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) is to improve its nutritive value. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of one cycle of divergent phenotypic selection for crude protein, digestibility and digestible yield. The progeny of genotypes selected either for high or low crude protein, high or low digestibility, and high or low digestible yield along with a subpopulation representing the unselected original parents were evaluated for dry matter yield and several forage quality characteristics under spaced plant and sward conditions. Under spaced plant conditions significant variation was observed for digestibility (IVDMD), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Under sward conditions, significant variation was observed for water retention (WR), ADF and NDF. Under spaced plant conditions, a priori contrasts indicated that one cycle of selection was sufficient to create distinct populations for CP in selecting for CP, for IVDMD and ADF with the IVDMD selection and in 2 out of 3 yr for digestible yield with selection for digestible yield. Evaluation under sward conditions indicated that selection for digestible yield modified CP, WS, ADF, NDF, PV and WR. The results from the evaluation under sward conditions were used to compute different parameters related to potential animal production such as dry matter intake, lactation net energy, energy intake, and different estimates of potential milk production that could be obtained from feeding this hay.Key words: Phleum pratense, timothy, quality, dry matter intake
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Andreeva, O. T. « Productivity of less common agricultural crops depending on the sowing dates in the conditions of Transbaikalia ». Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 54, no 5 (24 juin 2024) : 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2024-5-3.
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The article presents the results of the study of the influence of sowing dates on the productivity of less common agricultural fodder crops: fodder millet, Sudan grass, spring triticale, Scarlet amaranth and fodder beans. The studies were carried out at the experimental field of the Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Eastern Siberia located in the forest-steppe zone of Transbaikalia. The soil of the site is meadow-chernozem mealy-carbonate, light loam by granulometric composition. The studied crops were sown at different dates to determine the degree of influence of the sowing dates on the duration of interphase periods of plant development, their linear growth, foliage and productivity: May 15 and 25, June 15 and 25. The obtained data indicate that by changing the sowing dates it is possible to influence the productivity of the studied crops and the quality of forages made on their basis. The best indicators on fodder productivity and nutritive value were demonstrated by the crops sown on June 15: yield of green mass – 18.9–30.5 t/ha, dry matter – 3.93–5.70 t/ha, yield of fodder units – 3.03–4.67 t/ha, digestible protein content – 306–901 kg/ha, gross energy – 38.12–57.57 GJ/ha, provision of 1 fodder unit with digestible protein – 93–193 g. Crops of fodder beans and Scarlet amaranth had an advantage, characterized by the following indicators: yield of green mass – 29.6–30.5 t/ha, dry matter yield – 5.70–5.95 t/ha, yield of fodder units – 4.20–4.67 t/ha, digestible protein content – 722–901 kg/ha, gross energy – 52.86–57.57 GJ/ha, provision of 1 fodder unit of digestible protein – 172–193 g. Agrocenoses of Poaceae crops (spring triticale, fodder millet, Sudan grass) were inferior in productivity: their green mass yield was 14.4 –18.9 t/ha, dry matter yield – 2.97–3.93 t/ha, yield of fodder units – 2.23–3.03 t/ha, digestible protein content – 207–341 kg/ha, gross energy – 28.51–38.12 GJ/ha, provision of 1 fodder unit with digestible protein – 93–121 g.
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Thomson, E. F., S. Rihawi et N. Nersoyan. « Nutritive Value and Yields of Some Forage Legumes and Barley Harvested as Immature Herbage, Hay and Straw in North-West Syria ». Experimental Agriculture 26, no 1 (janvier 1990) : 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700015398.
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SUMMARYThe nutritive value and yield of forage legumes and barley harvested as immature herbage, hay and straw were measured in two experiments. The voluntary feed intake of peas at all stages of maturity and immature herbage from woollypod vetch was substantially lower than that of common vetch and chickling. At each stage of maturity barley was less digestible than all the forages except immature peas. Despite exceptionally cold weather in February/March 1985, yields of common vetch were higher in 1984/85 than in 1985/86 when there was less rain. Peas yielded the most hay, and chickling yielded less seed and straw than common vetch, peas and barley. Yields of digestible dry matter from straw and seed exceeded those from hay but protein yield at the two stages was similar. Mechanical baling substantially reduced the yields of baled hay but these losses would be reduced to less than 10% if the residues were grazed.
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Tulu, Abuye, Mekonnen Diribsa et Worku Temesgen. « Evaluation of Seven Oat (Avena sativa) Genotypes for Biomass Yield and Quality Parameters under Different Locations of Western Oromia, Ethiopia ». Advances in Agriculture 2020 (11 décembre 2020) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8822344.
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Recognizing the potential and importance of cultivating improved forage crops as a means of tackling the recurrent feed shortage facing the study area, seven oat genotypes were tested in randomized complete block design with three replications across two locations for three growing seasons (2014, 2015, and 2016). The study was aimed to evaluate dry matter (DM) and digestible organic matter yield and nutrient composition of oat genotypes. The study revealed that oat genotypes responded differently for herbage dry matter (DM) and digestible organic matter (OM) yield, and quality parameters in both study locations. Averaged over the seven oat genotypes, herbage DM and digestible OM yield. recorded at Bako were higher than Boneya Boshe location across the study periods. The ash ( P > 0.05) content did not vary among oat genotypes at both testing locations, while variation was observed for DM, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), in vitro digestibility, and metabolizable energy (ME) constituents. In general, genotypes ILRI 6710 and 5453 showed higher herbage DM and digestible OM yield. Moreover, the two genotypes are also higher in their in vitro digestibility value and ME, DM, and CP contents but relatively lower in NDF, ADF, and ADL fiber constituents, and thus, they are recommended for wider cultivation.
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Andreeva, O. T., N. G. Pilipenko, L. P. Sidorova et N. Yu Kharchenko. « Promising uncommon poaceous and leguminous fodder crops ». Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 50, no 4 (25 septembre 2020) : 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2020-4-4.
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The results of research (2016-2018) into productivity, adaptability and nutritional value of poaceous crops (forage millet, Sudan grass) and legumes (fodder beans, spring vetch, garden peas) are presented and analyzed. The research was conducted on meadow chernozem mealy-carbonate soil, light loam by granulometric composition, in the forest-steppe zone of Trans-Baikal Territory. Agricultural technology used for fodder crop cultivation was common for this area. The objects of the research were legumes (Sibirskiye forage beans, Novosibirskaya spring vetch, Holik garden peas), and poaceous varieties (Bystroe forage millet, Novosibirskaya 84 Sudan grass). The experimental work was carried out in accordance with the generally accepted guidelines for field experiments. All the forage crops under study have formed a fairly high productivity: the yield of green mass was 13.0-18.2 t/ha, dry matter – 2.6-3.2, feed units – 2.2-2.7 t/ha, digestible protein – 220-567 kg/ha, gross energy – 26.5-32.2 GJ/ha, with availability of digestible protein 100-210 g per one feed unit. Among leguminous crops, spring vetch and fodder beans had an advantage with the green mass yield of 13.3-15.0 t/ha, the amount of dry matter of 3.1-3.2, feed units of 2.6-2.7 t/ha, digestible protein 494–567 kg/ha, gross energy 32.0–32.2 GJ/ha, with availability of digestible protein of 190–210 g per one feed unit. Garden peas were inferior to spring vetch and fodder beans in yield by 2.3-13.3%, dry matter – by 9.6-12.5, feed units – by 3.8-7.4, digestible protein – by 4.9-17.1, gross energy – by 8.1–8.7%. Among poaceous crops, agrocenoses of Sudan grass had an advantage in productivity and nutritional value. They formed the yield of green mass 18.2 t/ha, the amount of dry matter 3.1, feed units 2.5 t/ha, digestible protein 300 kg/ha, gross energy 31.3 GJ/ha, with availability of digestible protein of 120 g per one feed unit. Fodder millet was inferior to Sudan grass in all respects by 12.0–26.7%, respectively.
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Ivanova, E. P., et O. M. Skalozub. « The effectiveness of the use of Sinorhizobium meliloti in the cultivation of variable alfalfa (Medicago varia Mart.) ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 962, no 1 (1 janvier 2022) : 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/962/1/012017.
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Abstract As a result of three-year studies, we have established a growth in the yield and feed advantages of variable alfalfa in the variants with inoculation of seeds with virulent active strains of rhizobia. The total yield augmentation of green mass in the experimental variants over the three years of alfalfa life were 6.8–13.7 % compared to the control ones. The positive effect of inoculation with virulent active rhizobia strains on the total collection of dry matter was expressed in its increase in experimental conditions by 12.6–21.7 %. The highest yield of green mass, as well as dry matter was obtained in the variant with the inoculation of alfalfa seeds with the main production strain 425. The researched factor has a positive effect on the collection of feed units, digestible protein and feed protein units from 1 ha. The collection of feed units per hectare in the experimental versions increases by 1.1–1.3 times, the collection of digestible protein – by 1.2–1.4 times. The maximum substance of feed units and digestible protein per hectare was observed in the version with seed inoculation with strain 425a. The provision of a feed unit with digestible protein increases by 10.44–18.18 g or by 6.1–10.6 %.
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Tiuriukov, A. G., et K. V. Filippov. « Improvement of degraded hayfelds in the forest-steppe of the Priobye region ». Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University), no 1 (7 avril 2022) : 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2022-62-1-88-96.
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The authors presented the results of research in 2012-2016 on the improvement of degraded hayfields with the sowing of perennial legume grass mixture at different methods of turf cultivation. The work aims to determine the most effective methods of cultivation of the turf of degraded hayfields, contributing to higher yields and quality of the resulting fodder. The highest content of perennial legumes in the herbage was noted in the variant with radical improvement of degraded hayfield (ploughing + discing) - 88 %, in the variant with milling - 80, discing - 70 %. The variant with radical improvement of the degraded hayfield (ploughing + discing) obtained the highest yield - 17.3 green and 3.64 t/ha - dry mass, which exceeds the yield of the control variant by 3.6 times. When carrying out radical improvement of degraded hayfields yield of fodder units was 1740, the number of digestible proteins per 1 fodder unit 140 g. These indicators during turf disking were 1550 fodder unit and 135 g, respectively. During strip seeding of perennial leguminous grasses (meadow clover + alfalfa) the variant with a width of the cultivated strip of 60 cm was selected. The yield of fodder units was 1610, the amount of digestible protein per 1 fodder unit - 120 g. In the control variant the yield of fodder units was 380, the amount of digestible protein per 1 fodder unit - 85 g. Strip-seeding of perennial leguminous grasses was the most cost-effective method of improving degraded hayfields in the Priobye forest-steppe. Net income in variants with strip-seeding of perennial leguminous grasses was 3751-4278 rubles/ha, profitability level - 71- 87%. In the variant with radical improvement of the degraded hayfield (ploughing + discing) these indicators are lower - 3959 rubles/ha and 57 % accordingly.
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Garnsworthy, P. C., et D. T. Stokes. « The nutritive value of wheat and oat silages ensiled on three cutting dates ». Journal of Agricultural Science 121, no 2 (octobre 1993) : 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600077108.
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SUMMARYThe production of biomass and its partitioning into stem, leaf, ear and dead material were monitored weekly in crops of wheat and oats from 16 May 1990, which corresponded approximately to ear emergence in the wheat, until ensilage on 29 June, 7 July and 19 July 1990 using the Ag-Bag system. An enzyme/inoculant additive was used on both crops on each ensilage date, although a portion of oats was ensiled without additive on the first two cutting dates, giving a total of eight silages. Changes in rumen degradability of dry matter were assessed for both crops throughout the monitoring period using the synthetic fibre bag technique. The digestibilities of gross energy, modified acid detergent fibre, organic matter and crude protein were determined in vivo using sheep.Over the total period of monitoring, the daily rates of increase in dry matter (DM) yield were 15·1 (± 1·6) and 16·5 (±1·9) g DM/m2 for wheat and oats respectively. From 29 June to 19 July the rates of increase were 11·3 (± 3·1) and 23·1 (±6·0) g DM/m2. The increase in weight of the ears accounted for almost all of this increase and, by the end of the monitoring period, the ears contributed approximately half of the dry matter of each crop. In both crops the portion of dead material was small until 19 July, when there was a rapid increase in the amount of dead stem. The DM content of both crops remained < 30% up to day 33 (18 June) but increased from c. 33% to c. 52% between days 53 and 65 (8–20 July). Rumen degradability of both crops decreased rapidly from c. 66% on 16 May until 16 June, when it was c. 56% for wheat and 55% for oats; it remained constant at these values thereafter.For silages made on the three successive ensilage dates, there was an increase in DM and starch contents but decreases in digestible energy, digestible fibre and digestible crude protein contents. Digestible organic matter was similar for the first two ensilage dates but lower in silage made on the third date.The use of an additive with the oat crop resulted in decreases in the digestible energy, digestible organic matter and digestible crude protein contents of the silages compared with untreated oats.Maximum yield of DM from wheat (18·6 t/ha) was obtained with the third cutting date, but optimum yield of energy (170 GJ/ha) and digestible crude protein (746 kg/ha) were found at the second cutting date. For oats, maximum yield of DM (17·3 t/ha) was again found with the third cut and maximum yield of energy (159 GJ/ha, untreated; 140 GJ/ha with additive) with the second cut. Digestible crude protein yield was greatest with the second cut of oats when no additive was used (708 kg/ha) but with additive it was greatest with the first cut (661 kg/ha).It was concluded that, under these conditions, the optimum date for ensilage of wheat or oats was 7 July and that the use of the additive was detrimental to the quality of the oat silage.
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Li, Bokun, Yasuyuki Ishii, Sachiko Idota, Manabu Tobisa, Mitsuhiro Niimi, Yingkui Yang et Keiko Nishimura. « Yield and Quality of Forages in a Triple Cropping System in Southern Kyushu, Japan ». Agronomy 9, no 6 (30 mai 2019) : 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9060277.
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A triple cropping system, combining spring maize, pearl millet, and twice-cut blast disease resistant Italian ryegrass, was examined for the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 growing seasons to achieve quality herbage production in Miyazaki, southern Kyushu, Japan. The growth of the three crops reached to harvest, even though typhoon and heavy rainfall occurred. Annual dry matter (DM) yield of the triple crops was 4098 g m−2 and 4349 g m−2 in the first and second cropping seasons, respectively. The observed total digestible nutrients (TDN) were higher in spring maize (up to 68.2% and 76.8%), pearl millet (up to 60.0% and 67.9%), and Italian ryegrass (up to 71.6% and 68.6%), during the first and second season, respectively, leading to an annual TDN yield of 2357 g m−2 and 2938 g m−2. The results suggest that the present established triple cropping system is feasible for obtaining high yields with more digestible nutrients in the forages.
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Denisov, K. E., A. P. Solodovnikov, E. N. Kuzin et A. N. Arefiev. « The aftereffect of land-reclamation norms of municipal sewage residue and their combinations with zeolite on the yield and quality of crops ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 954, no 1 (1 janvier 2022) : 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/954/1/012021.
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Abstract The influence of land-reclamation norms of municipal sewage residue and their combinations with zeolite-containing agronomical ore on the yield and quality of crops was shown. It was found that a complex aftereffect of municipal sewage residue and zeolite-containing agronomical ore increased the yield of common oats Konkur in 2018 by 0.76-1.22 t/ha or by 27.5-44.2%, of digestible protein content by 0.84-1.20 %, harvesting of digestible protein by 37.2-59.8%. The yield of peas Jackpot in the conditions of 2019 increased by 0.61-1.14 t/ha, or by 26.6-49.8%, protein content in pea grain – by 1.2-2.7%, the yield of winter wheat Moskovskaya 56 in 2020 – by 0.68-1.62 t/ha, or by 14.4-34.4%, the content gluten in winter wheat grain – by 1.8-4.7%.
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Jiang, Mingming, Yulin Ma, Nadar Khan, Muhammad Zahoor Khan, Ali Akbar, Rifat Ullah Khan, Muhammad Kamran et Nazir Ahmad Khan. « Effect of Spring Maize Genotypes on Fermentation and Nutritional Value of Whole Plant Maize Silage in Northern Pakistan ». Fermentation 8, no 11 (29 octobre 2022) : 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8110587.
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In the current study, we evaluated the growth, biomass yield, ensiling, and nutritional characteristics of spring maize genotypes grown under the climatic conditions of Northern Pakistan. Six promising spring maize genotypes were grown under uniform standard agronomic conditions in 72 plots (8 m × 10 m), blocked within three replicate fields. Maize crops were harvested at targeted dry matter (DM) content (33 g/100 g DM). Data were collected on plant phonological characteristics and biomass yield, and then the harvested crop of each plot was chopped, and subsamples were ensiled in three replicate 1.5 L laboratory silos (n = 12/genotype). After 90 days of ensiling, subsamples were analyzed for fermentation quality, nutrient composition, Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) carbohydrate subfractions, digestible nutrients, metabolizable energy (ME), and in vitro dry matter digestibility (DMD). Results revealed large differences (p < 0.001) among maize genotypes in the yields (tons/ha) of DM (13.0 to 17.9), crude protein (CP; 0.83 to 1.24), and starch (4.16 to 6.67). Except for total carbohydrates (CHO) and NH3-N, the contents of all measured chemical components varied (p < 0.001) among the spring maize genotypes. Similarly, all reported CNCPS subfractions varied (p < 0.01) among the genotypes, except for the non-digestible (CC) subfraction. Among the genotypes, there were large variations in the contents (g/100 g DM) of CP (6.60 to 8.05), starch (32.0 to 37.3), non-fiber carbohydrates (40.3 to 43.8), in vitro DMD (61.5 to 67.9), total digestible nutrients (68.1 to 70.6), digestible energy (2.80 to 3.07 Mcal/kg), and metabolizable energy (2.28 to 2.44 Mcal/kg), with genotype QPM300 having the highest values and genotype Azam having the lowest values. It was concluded that QPM300 is the most suitable spring maize genotype for silage production in terms of yields and silage nutritional and fermentation quality under the environmental condition of Northern Pakistan.
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Faji, Mulisa, Gezahagn Kebede, Fekede Feyissa, Kedir Mohammed et Gezahegn Mengistu. « Yield, Yield Components, and Nutritive Value of Perennial Forage Grass Grown under Supplementary Irrigation ». Advances in Agriculture 2022 (17 janvier 2022) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5471533.
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There is a distinct seasonality in the availability of feeds in the highlands of Ethiopia, reaching a peak and low levels towards the end of the rainy and dry season, respectively. Consequently, this trial was conducted to assess the yield performance and nutritive value of nine perennial grasses accessions from seven grass species under supplementary irrigation to produce feed year-round. The evaluated grasses species were two Urochloa (U. decumbens cv. ILRI-10871 and ILRI-13205), two Setaria (S. sphacelata cv. ILRI-143 and ILRI-6543), one Phalaris (Phalaris aquatica cv. Sirrosa), coloured Guinea (Panicum coloratum cv. Coloratum), Desho (Pennisetum glaucifolium cv. Kindu kosha), Napier (Pennisetum purpureum cv, ILRI-16791), and Rhodes (Chloris gayana cv. Massaba) variety. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design. The chemical compositions of the grasses were scanned by, the near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Results indicated that the plant height, dry matter, and crude protein yield were significantly affected by year, species ( P < 0.001 ), and their interaction ( P < 0.05 ). Moreover, species were significantly influenced in vitro dry matter digestible yield, relative feed value, and nutrient content (DM, CP, NDF, ADF, ADL, and IVDMD). Napier grass had superior in dry matter, crude protein, and in vitro dry matter digestible yield than the other perennial grasses species tested together. Thus, among the tested grasses species, Napier grass showed outstanding potential as a forage plant followed by Phalaris and Desho grass under supplementary irrigation in the central highland of Ethiopia.
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Andreeva, O. T., N. G. Pilipenko, L. P. Sidorova et N. Yu Kharchenko. « Yield and feed qualities of triticale mixed with high-protein crops ». Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 51, no 1 (27 mars 2021) : 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2021-1-7.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The results of field and laboratory studies on the cultivation of triticale mixed with high-protein crops are presented. The study was carried out during the period of 2015-2017 on meadow chernozem mealy-carbonate soil, light loam by granulometric composition, in the forest-steppe zone of Trans-Baikal Territory. The assessment of triticale in single-species and mixed crops for adaptability to growing conditions and yield is given. Economically valuable traits of these crops are shown. The possibility of increasing the yield and feed qualities of agrocenoses by sowing triticale with highprotein crops was established. On average, over the years of research, mixed crops outperformed single-species triticale agrocenoses in terms of yield and feed quality, green mass by 1.6-1.9 times, digestible protein by 2.6-3.7 times. In mixed crops, triticale with fodder beans provided the best results, the yield of green mass was 40.5 t/ha, dry matter – 5.70 t/ha, feed units – 4.67 t/ha, digestible protein – 785 kg/ha, exchange energy – 57.6 GJ/ha, availability of digestible protein per one feed unit – 168 g. Triticale crops mixed with fodder beans increased productivity compared with singlespecies crops in terms of green mass yield by 1.3-1.9 times, dry matter by 1.4-1.9 times, feed units by 1.4-2.0 times, gross energy by 1.5-2.0 times. All crops are resistant to drought and lodging. The absence of pest and disease infestation in triticale was noted.
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Tulu, Abuye, Mekonnen Diribsa et Worku Temesgen. « Dry matter yields and quality parameters of ten Napier grass (Cenchrus purpureus) genotypes at three locations in western Oromia, Ethiopia ». Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales 9, no 1 (30 janvier 2021) : 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17138/tgft(9)43-51.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Ten Napier grass genotypes (accessions) were assessed across 3 locations, Bako, Boneya Boshe and Gute, for forage dry matter (DM) yield, crude protein (CP) concentration, leaf:stem ratio, nutrient composition and digestibility characteristics during 2016 and 2017. The genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Mean DM yield was higher for accession ILRI 16804 across all locations followed by ILRI 16801 and ILRI 16800. Leaf:stem ratio, CP concentration and CP and digestible organic matter (OM) yields also varied significantly among genotypes with the highest values obtained for accession ILRI 16804 across all locations, followed by ILRI 16800 and ILRI 16801. Yields of DM, CP and digestible OM and leaf:stem ratio were higher at Boneya Boshe and Gute than at Bako and higher during 2017 than during 2016. The consistently superior performance of ILRI 16804, ILRI 16801 and ILRI 16800 in both years across the 3 sites suggests that these genotypes should be studied further on farms and in differing environments before being recommended for general cultivation in this area. Examining performance with more frequent harvests and feeding studies with livestock would confirm the benefits to be obtained from planting these new accessions.
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Nasiyev, B. N. « PROMISING MIXED CROPS OF SUDAN GRASS WITH FORAGE CROPS ». REPORTS 6, no 334 (15 décembre 2020) : 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1483.138.
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An important factor in increasing the efficiency of crop diversification in West Kazakhstan and reducing the dependence of crop productivity on weather conditions is the expansion of crops most adapted to unsustainable humidification of plants such as chickpeas, Sudan grass, sorghum, corn and sunflower. One of the ways to increase the productivity of Sudanese grass is to use its mixed crops with chickpeas, sunflower, corn and sorghum. Mixtures due to the best quality indicators of feed provide the maximum yield of feed units and digestible protein. The article presents research data on the study of mixed crops of Sudanese grass with annual crops in the conditions of the 1st dry-steppe zone of Western Kazakhstan. A comparative test of mixed crops by yield from digestible protein area units revealed the most nutritionally valuable mixtures. So, in the research of 2018-2020, the largest yield for digestible protein was obtained on the variant using sunflower for silage mixed with Sudan grass (1.65 c/ha), slightly lower on the versions of using a mixture of Sudan grass and corn for silage (1.58 c/ha) and a mixture of sorghum and Sudan grass for silage (1.55 c/ha).
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Dalólio, Felipe Santos, Joerley Moreira, Diego Pereira Vaz, Luiz Fernando Teixeira Albino, Ricardo Vianna Nunes et Gabriel Villela Dessimoni. « Digestible lysine for broilers from different commercial strains in the final phase ». Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 38, no 4 (7 novembre 2016) : 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v38i4.31482.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study aimed to evaluate different digestible lysine levels in diets for broilers chickens from different commercial strains, from 49 to 56 days of age, on performance and carcass characteristics. A total of 432 male broilers from 49 days old were used, with an average weight of 3560±250 g. It was used a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement 3x4, and the birds, from three strains (Cobb 500, Hubbard Flex and Ross 308) were divided into four levels of digestible lysine (0.800, 0.950, 1.100 and 1.250%), with four replicates of 12 birds each. It was evaluated the weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, carcass yield, breast yield, breast meat yield and the yield of the thigh and drumstick. There was no interaction between lysine levels and commercial strains of broiler chickens. The different lysine levels did not influence (p ≥ 0.05) performance and carcass yield. There are significant differences between strains for feed intake and carcass characteristics. The Cobb 500 strain had higher breast yield and breast meat (p < 0.05), while the Hubbard Flex and Ross 308 strains had higher yield of the thigh and drumstick (p < 0.05).
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Thompson, D. J., D. G. Stout, Z. Mir et T. Moore. « Yield and quality of forage from intercrops of barley and annual ryegrass ». Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72, no 1 (1 janvier 1992) : 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps92-016.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Three spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and four annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) types were intercropped to evaluate the potential yield and quality of forage which can be produced under irrigation in southern interior B.C. All treatments were intercrops; when barley cultivar effects are described they are averaged over the ryegrasses and vice versa. Barley cultivars differed in grain maturity. Ryegrass cultivars included diploid and tertraploid Italian and Westerwolds types. Intercrops including late grain maturing barley cultivars (Samson and Virden) increased the yield of the first silage cut (both by 25% over 2 yr) compared to Diamond, a medium-maturing cultivar adapted to the area. Intercrops containing the semi-dwarf barley, Samson, produced more digestible forage including higher in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDDM) and lower ADF and lignin. Annual ryegrass yield in the first cut intercropped with Samson was almost twice that with either Diamond or Virden, showing that Samson barley is less competitive. Second-cut yield (ryegrass regrowth) was greater for tetraploid than diploid annual ryegrasses. Yields of fall pasture (cuts 3 and 4) were similar among ryegrass cultivars. Cuts 2 and 3 (ryegrass only) of Italian ryegrasses had superior quality (higher IVDDM and protein; and lower ADF, lignin, and NDF) to Westerwolds ryegrassses, but all cultivars had similar quality in the late fall (Cut 4). It was concluded that a range of barley and annual ryegrass cultivars can be successfully intercropped to produce forage in south central B.C.Key words: Intercropping, barley annual ryegrass, forage yield and quality
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Smith, KF, CK Lee, PT Borg et PC Flinn. « Yield, nutritive value, and phenotypic variability of tall wheatgrass grown in a nonsaline environment ». Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 34, no 5 (1994) : 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9940609.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The phenotypic variation of 10 important botanical traits and 2 traits related to herbage quality was measured in tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum elongatum) cv. Tyrrell. Five certified lines of Tyrrell were compared among themselves and with cvv. Largo and San Jose. Significant differences, both between cultivars and within lines of Tyrrell, were observed for several traits. The phenotypic variability measured confirms that Tyrrell is distinct from its progenitor, Largo, and has sufficient variability to make it suitable for use in a selection program. In a second experiment, from November 1990 to February 1993, the yield and nutritive value of Tyrrell, Largo, and San Jose were compared with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cv. Ellett and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) cv. Demeter. There were no differences (P>0.05) between cultivars for either total dry matter yield or total yield of digestible dry matter. Seasonal differences in growth and nutritive value were observed. Ellett showed superior growth in winter and early spring, while tall wheatgrass and Demeter were more summer-active. In 6 of the 11 harvests measured for nutritive value, there were no differences (P>0.05) between treatments for yield of digestible dry matter; for 2 of the remaining 5 harvests, Tyrrell yielded more digestible dry matter than Ellett. Dry matter digestibility of tall wheatgrass did not fall below 60%. The results suggest that with appropriate management, tall wheatgrass can produce nutritious forage in quantities sufficient for animal production systems, particularly as a special purpose summer pasture.
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Silva Júnior, Veredino Louzada da, Juarez Lopes Donzele, Rita Flávia Miranda de Oliveira, Alysson Saraiva, Francisco Carlos de Oliveira Silva et João Luís Kill. « Sequences of digestible lysine for gilts from 60 to 148 days of age ». Ciência Rural 45, no 1 (7 octobre 2014) : 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20130866.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The experiment was conducted to evaluate five nutritional plans based on sequences of standardized ileal digestible lysine: 0.90-0.80-0.70, 1.00-0.90-0.80, 1.10-1.00-0.90, 1.20-1.10-1.00, and 1.30-1.20-1.10% fed to gilts from 60 to 99, 129 to 100, and 130 to 148 days of age, respectively. Eighty commercial hybrid gilts, selected for lean gain, with initial weight of 23.46±0.27kg were allotted in a randomized block design, with five treatments, eight replicates, and two pigs per experimental unit. No effect (P>0.05) of the nutritional plans was verified on daily feed intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion. The nutritional plans had no influence (P>0.05) on any of the carcass traits evaluated (carcass yield, meat amount, and meat yield). The nutritional plan of 0.90-0.80-0.70% standardized ileal digestible lysine fed to gilts from 60 to 99, 100 to 129, and 130 to 148 days of age, respectively, meets the standardized ileal digestible lysine requirements of gilts from 60 to 148 days of age.
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Tyuryukov, A. G., N. M. Kostomakhin et K. V. Filippov. « Methods of improvement of degraded haymaking fields in the forest-steppe of the Ob river region ». Kormlenie sel'skohozjajstvennyh zhivotnyh i kormoproizvodstvo (Feeding of agricultural animals and feed production), no 12 (25 novembre 2021) : 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-05-2112-04.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The results of investigations on the formation of high-yielding haymaking fields with the sowing of perennial legumes with different methods of processing the sod of degraded hayfields have been presented in the paper. The purpose of the work was to determine the most effective methods that contribute to increasing the yield and feed quality of degraded haymaking. The most effective methods that contribute to increasing the yield, feed quality and productive longevity of degraded haymaking have been determined. The content of perennial legumes in the herbage was registered: in the variant with plowing of turf it was 88 %, with milling – 80, with disking – 70 %. The highest yield has been obtained on the variant with the radical improvement 17,3 t/ha herbage and 3,64 t/ha of dry weight, which exceeded the indicators of the control variant by 3,6 times. It has been revealed that with the radical improvement of degraded haymaking (plowing + disking), the yield of feed units reached 1,74 t/ha, digestible protein – 0,25 t/ha, the amount of digestible protein per 1 feed unit was 140 g. These indicators during the sod disking were: 1,55 t/ha, 0,22 t/ha and 135 g, respectively. When strip-seeding of perennial legumes, the variant with the width of the treated strip of 60 cm has been distinguished. The collection of feed units amounted to 1,61 t/ha, of digestible protein – 0,18 t/ha. In the control variant (degraded haymaking), the collection of feed units was 0,38 t/ha, of digestible protein-0,025 t/ha. An economic assessment of the methods of improving degraded haymaking has shown that strip sowing of perennial legumes turned out to be the most effective method of improvement in the forest-steppe zone in Western Siberia. The net income depending on the option of strip sowing amounted to 3751–4278 rubles/ha, the level of profitability – 71–87 %. During the radical improvement, the economic indicators were slightly lower – 3959 rubles/ha and 57 %, respectively.
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Andreeva, O. T., N. G. Pilipenko, L. P. Sidorova et N. Yu Kharchenko. « Grain crops in fodder production ». Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 50, no 3 (26 juillet 2020) : 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2020-3-3.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The possibility of increasing the yield of fodder-grain crops in single-species agrocenoses to provide livestock with nutritious highquality feed was studied. The results of field and laboratory studies (2016–2018) on the cultivation of traditional (barley, oats, spring and winter rye) and uncommon fodder crops (triticale, corn) sown as single crops in the forest-steppe zone of Trans-Baikal Territory are presented. The objects of the research were the following recognized varieties of the crops under study: local winter rye Zhitkinskaya, spring rye Onokhoyskaya, oats Metis, barley Anna, triticale Ukro, corn hybrid Obsky 150 CB. The experiment was conducted on meadow chernozem mealy-carbonate soil (light loam by particle size distribution). Poaceous fodder crops were assessed in terms of their adaptability to growing conditions, yield and nutritional value of grain. Their economically valuable characteristics were shown. On average over the years of research, when cultivating traditional and uncommon poaceous crops for fodder grain in single-crop sowings, triticale and corn had an advantage. The grain yield in the experiment was 3.0-5.8 t/ha, collection of fodder units – 3.39-6.13 t/ha, digestible protein 287-494 kg/ha, gross energy – 34.7-60.5 GJ/ha, availability of digestible protein – 85–77 g per one feed unit. Traditional crops were inferior to uncommon crops in terms of grain yield by 0.5-3.3 t/ ha, (on average for the variants of the experiment), feed units – by 0.99-3.73 t/ha, digestible protein – by 85-292 kg/ha, gross energy – by 0.99–35.7 GJ/ha.
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Almeida, Erin Caperuto de, Elias Tadeu Fialho, Paulo Borges Rodrigues, Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimo, José Augusto de Freitas Lima et Dalton de Oliveira Fontes. « Ractopamine and lysine levels on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs ». Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 39, no 9 (septembre 2010) : 1961–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982010000900014.
Texte intégralRésumé :
It was evaluated the effect of diets supplemented or not supplemented with ractopamine and digestible lysine on the performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs. A total of 50 barrows and 50 gilts (90.2 kg ± 3.5 kg) were used. In the growth performance trial, a randomized block design was utilized in a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of five levels of digestible lysine (0.68; 0.78; 0.88; 0.98 and 1.08%) and two levels of ractopamine (0 and 5 ppm), totaling ten diets and five replications. In a study of carcass characteristics, the same design and levels of lysine and ractopamine were used, but another factor (sex of animals- female and male) was included, totaling 20 treatments, each one with five replicates. Except for lysine daily intake, it was not observed effect of levels of digestible lysine. The supplementation with ractopamine improved daily weight gain and feed conversion but it did not affect the average feed intake. A greater loin depth and higher yield of carcass meat was obtained in gilts, regardless to supplementation with ractopamine, and also in the males fed ractopamine. The ractopamine improved the rib-eye area but it did not affect the yield and carcass length neither thickness of subcutaneous fat. The levels of digestible lysine did not affect carcass characteristics in either sex. It was found that sex had effect on backfat thickness, which was lower in the carcasses of gilts. The use of 5 ppm ractopamine improves animal performance and carcass characteristics of barrows. The level of 0.68% digestible lysine is sufficient for pigs of both sexes fed diets supplemented with or without ractopamine to show maximal performance and a good carcass composition.
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Suryani, Ni Nyoman, I. Wayan Suarna, Ni Putu Sarini et I. Gede Mahardika. « Increasing Energy Ration of Bali Cattle to Improve Digestible Nutrient, Milk Yield and Milk Quality ». International Research Journal of Engineering, IT & ; Scientific Research 3, no 1 (20 janvier 2017) : 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/irjeis.v3i1.359.
Texte intégralRésumé :
To determine the effect of energy levels on digestible nutrient, milk production and milk quality of 7 months pregnant Bali cattle, was the purpose of this study. The study was conducted in Bali, Province of Indonesia on 12 pregnant breeding phase of pre-calving (2 months before the birth) with the parent body weight 329-340 kg/head. The treatment given is four types of Metabolizable Energy (ME) levels: 2000, 2100, 2200 and 2300/kg respectively as treatment A, B, C, and D. All ration contain 10% of crude protein. Variables measured: energy intake, digestible nutrient, milk yield, and milk quality. This research is a randomized block design. The results showed that increase energy ration until 2300 kcal ME/kg would significantly (P<0.05) increase energy intake and highest at cattle consumed ratio D is 22239.55 kcal/day. However, digestible nutrient was not affected. Milk production increased with increasing energy rations and highest (P<0.05) at cattle received treatment D is 2179.83 ml/day compared to treatment A 936.67 ml/day. Milk fat and milk lactose also highest (P<0.05) in treatment D are 8.56% and 4.76% respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that increase energy ration will increase energy intake, milk yield and milk fat and milk lactose of Bali cattle.
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Rook, A. J., J. D. Sutton et J. France. « Prediction of the yields of milk constituents in dairy cows offered silage ad libitum and concentrates at a flat rate ». Animal Science 54, no 3 (juin 1992) : 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100020766.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractIndividually recorded milk yields, yields and concentrations of milk components, food intakes and live weights of multiparous dairy cows given silage ad libitum and concentrates at a flat rate in weeks 4 to 13 of lactation and data for silage and concentrate composition from experiments conducted at four sites, were used to obtain simple correlations and multiple linear regressions of yields and concentrations of milk constituents on other variables.Simple correlations between yields and concentrations and other variables were low. Yield terms were most highly correlated with intake terms. Milk fat concentration was most highly correlated with silage fibre concentration. Milk protein concentration was most highly correlated with digestible energy intake. The best multiple regression models including time effects accounted proportionately for 0·35 of the variation in fat yield, 0·51 in protein yield, 0·55 in lactose yield, 0·39 in total milk yield, 0·19 in fat concentration, 043 in protein concentration and 0·19 in lactose concentration. Most of these models included terms for silage intake and cow live weight which are not generally available on farms. More practical models including fewer independent variates were therefore produced. These models accounted proportionately for 0·33 of the variation in fat yield, 048 in protein yield, 0·50 in lactose yield, 0·32 in total milk yield, 0·19 in fat concentration, 0·40 in protein concentration and 0·17 in lactose concentration.
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Brignall, D. M., M. R. Ward et W. J. Whittington. « Relationship between growth stage and digestible organic matter in triticale ». Journal of Agricultural Science 113, no 1 (août 1989) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600084549.
Texte intégralRésumé :
SUMMARYIn two experiments the yield, digestibility, protein and cell wall contents of several autumn-sown triticale cultivars were compared with rye at defined growth stages. Yields at each growth stage were highest in the triticale cultivars. The content of leaf blade and sheath fell with increased maturity while stem and ear content increased. There were differences between cultivars in the contribution of individual stem internodes. Digestibility also declined with maturity for all plant parts, and differences were apparent between plant parts and between cultivars. Leaf blade showed a slow decline in digestibility whereas stem digestibility showed a rapid reduction so that, at growth stage 43, young stem internodes were of much higher quality than older ones. Spring-type triticales (A208 and A476) had the highest digestibility at stages from flag leaf emergence to anthesis. The relationships between digestibility, plant part contents and cell wall characteristics are discussed.
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Brignall, D. M., M. R. Ward et W. J. Whittington. « Yield and quality of triticale cultivars at progressive stages of maturity ». Journal of Agricultural Science 111, no 1 (août 1988) : 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600082836.
Texte intégralRésumé :
SummaryTwo experiments were done in which the yield, digestibility and protein content of several autumnsown triticale cultivars were compared with rye and, on one occasion, ryegrass. Rye and an earlyflowering triticale cultivar (A208) had the highest early season yields and, at that stage, all cultivars and species had high digestibility.When harvesting was delayed, the yield of later flowering cultivars (A386 or the latest flowering variety, A876) was greatest. When the plots were cut and harvested again, the intermediate and late maturing varieties (e.g. A386, A876–10) gave the highest yields of digestible dry matter. It was concluded that there was no advantage in using a mixture of cultivars as in the commercially available ‘Trical’ and that the available cultivars offered farmers useful alternatives in harvesting strategy and breeders the opportunity to develop earlier high-yielding triticale cultivars.
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FAIREY, N. A. « PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF PERENNIAL AND HYBRID RYEGRASS, ORCHARDGRASS AND REED CANARYGRASS GROWN IN THE LOWER MAINLAND OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ». Canadian Journal of Plant Science 65, no 1 (1 janvier 1985) : 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps85-016.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A study was conducted in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia to determine the yield and quality characteristics of four grass species. Two cultivars of perennial ryegrass (PR), hybrid ryegrass (HR), orchardgrass (OG), and reed canarygrass (RC) were grown under a four-cut management system for two production years with annual rates of N:P2O5:K2O of 300:200:200 kg/ha. Dry matter yields of PR, HR and RC over the two production years were similar but each produced significantly less than OG. However, both PR and HR equalled OG in the production of digestible dry matter. RC equalled HR in the production of digestible dry matter but produced significantly less than either PR or OG. In vitro dry matter digestibility was significantly different among species, averaging 67% for PR, 64% for HR, 63% for RC and 59% for OG. It fluctuated throughout the growing season in a similar pattern for each cultivar in each production year, HR being an exception in the second year because it remained at constant digestibility. PR and HR were especially productive in the spring and early summer whereas OG produced digestible dry matter more evenly over the growing season. RC was the least productive species in the fall. Nitrogen content was highest for RC, intermediate for PR and OG, and lowest for HR. The differences observed among these species, in terms of seasonal and annual productivity and quality characteristics, emphasize the need for carefully defining grass production requirements before selecting the species, cultivar, and management system to meet those requirements.Key words: Grasses, yield, quality, digestibility, nitrogen content, nutritive value
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Moeini, M. M., M. Souri, F. Hozabri et M. R. Sanjabi. « Nutrient digestibility of alfalfa at different growth stages on sheep and goat ». Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2003 (2003) : 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200013521.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The nutritive values of animal feed are dependents on plant species, stages of maturity, harvesting and preparation methods. Legumes provide maximum yield, high forage quality (protein, mineral and digestible energy). Legumes decrease in protein and digestible dry matter and increase in fibre as they increase in growth or in maturity (Hochensmith et al., 1997). Alfalfa (medica sativa) is world unique forage in livestock food. This study was conducted to examine the chemical composition and nutrient digestibility of Hamadanian alfalfa forage at different growth stage on two local Iranian sheep and goat breeds.
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Vieira, A. C., C. J. Olivo, C. B. Adams, J. C. Sauthier, L. R. Proença, M. D. F. A. de Oliveira, P. B. dos Santos et al. « Plant and animal responses of elephant grass pasture-based systems mixed with pinto peanut ». Journal of Agricultural Science 157, no 1 (janvier 2019) : 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859619000236.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractThe effects of growing pinto peanut mixed with elephant grass-based pastures are still little known. The aim of the current research was to evaluate the performance of herbage yield, nutritive value of forage and animal responses to levels of pinto peanut forage mass mixed with elephant grass in low-input systems. Three grazing systems were evaluated: (i) elephant grass-based (control); (ii) pinto peanut, low-density forage yield (63 g/kg of dry matter – DM) + elephant grass; and (iii) pinto peanut, high-density dry matter forage yield (206 g/kg DM) + elephant grass. The experimental design was completely randomized with the three treatments (grazing systems) and three replicates (paddocks) in split-plot grazing cycles. Forage samples were collected to evaluate the pasture and animal responses. Leaf blades of elephant grass and the other companion grasses of pinto peanut were collected to analyse the crude protein, in vitro digestible organic matter and total digestible nutrients. The pinto peanut, high-density dry matter forage yield + elephant grass treatment was found to give the best results in terms of herbage yield, forage intake and stocking rate, as well as having higher crude protein contents for both elephant grass and the other grasses, followed by pinto peanut with low-density forage yield + elephant grass and finally elephant grass alone. Better results were found with the grass–legume system for pasture and animal responses.
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GUILLARD, K., et D. W. ALLINSON. « YIELD AND NUTRIENT CONTENT OF SUMMER- AND FALL-GROWN FORAGE Brassica CROPS ». Canadian Journal of Plant Science 68, no 3 (1 juillet 1988) : 721–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps88-085.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A series of experiments was conducted in which summer- and fall-grown Brassica species were evaluated for production of dry matter and nutritive value. Species that possessed edible roots produced the highest yields of dry matter and estimated digestible energy in either season. Summer totals were higher than fall totals. Turnip (Brassica rapa L.) root yields were greater and contributed more to total dry matter yields than either swede (Brassica napus L.) or a Brassica hybrid, Tyfon [Brassica rapa L. × Brassica pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr.]. In all species, dry matter content of herbage was low (65–175 g kg−1), while digestibility values were high (> 840 g kg−1). Concentrations of neutral-detergent and acid-detergent fiber, acid-detergent lignin, and hemicellulose were generally higher in summer-grown species than in fall-grown species. Based on fiber values, digestible energy content of the foliage and roots was estimated and the values of all species were 12 MJ kg−1 or greater. Seasonal differences in herbage constituents were particularly evident for rape (Brassica napus L.) and kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC). Under fall conditions, species differences were less than differences over summer conditions. Higher light intensities and temperatures over summer-growing conditions appear to promote greater production of dry matter and structural components in these crops compared to similar growth periods over fall conditions. Brassica spp. can be used as supplemental or alternate forage crops.Key words: Brassica spp., yield, digestibility, fiber, energy
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Cosgrove, Dennis R., et Michael Barrett. « Effects of Weed Control in Established Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) on Forage Yield and Quality ». Weed Science 35, no 4 (juillet 1987) : 564–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500060562.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The effects of weed control measures in established alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) on forage yield and quality were investigated at three sites with varying alfalfa densities and weed populations. Herbicide treatments were 0.56 and 1.12 kg/ha metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] applied in fall or spring, respectively, 1.68 kg/ha pronamide [3,5-dichloro (N-1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl)benzamide] applied in fall, and combinations of these treatments. First-harvest forage yields (weeds plus alfalfa) were either reduced or unchanged by herbicide treatments. Total forage yield was not altered by the herbicide treatments, but first-harvest and total alfalfa yield as well as first-harvest forage protein content were increased by several treatments, depending on stand density and weed pressure. Little effect was observed on in vitro digestible dry matter or acid detergent fiber content.
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Broster, W. H., J. D. Sutton, J. A. Bines, Valerie J. Broster, T. Smith, J. W. Siviter, V. W. Johnson, D. J. Napper et E. Schuller. « The influence of plane of nutrition and diet composition on the performance of dairy cows ». Journal of Agricultural Science 104, no 3 (juin 1985) : 535–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600044300.
Texte intégralRésumé :
SummarySeventy-six first-calf cows (heifers), 32 second·calf cows and 39 adult cows participated in a trial in which three diets composed of 60:40, 75:25, 90:10 proportions of compound to hay (hay dry-matter digestibility 0·6) were given for the first 36 weeks of lactation in amounts to provide daily an estimated 125, 156 MJ and ad libitum digestible energy (DE) for heifers, and 156, 187 MJ and ad libitum DE for the other parities. The ad libitum intakes were 150 and 200 MJ DE daily for heifers and for older cows respectively. Greater compound content of the diet and larger daily allowance of DE were associated with increased occurrence of mastitis and lameness but not digestive upsets. Dry·matter (D.M.) digestibility was increased with a greater proportion of compound in the diet but was not affected by the amount consumed or stage of lactation. Milk yield and live·weight change were increased linearly and additively by a greater intake of digestible dry matter and by a greater proportion of compound in the diet, throughout the lactation save for no effect of diet composition on live·weight change in early lactation. On equal feed intakes older cows gave more milk and lost more live weight than heifers in early lactation but not thereafter; responses to additional feed were equal for all parities studied. Milk fat concentration was reduced both by increased allowance and by the high compound diet. Milk solids·not·fat (SNF) concentration was not affected by the treatments. Yield of milk fat was not affected by amount eaten and was reduced by the 90:10 diet. Yields of SNF and milk energy were increased by amount eaten and by increased compound in the diet. Thirty-two primiparous cows continued on their experimental treatments without interruption to the end of the second lactation. In the second lactation the effects on yields of milk, milk energy, and SNF were magnified indicating a cumulative effect from lactation to lactation. Little cumulative effect was observed on either milk fat yield, or concentrations of fat and SNF in milk. More generous feeding was associated with reduced milk output/unit D.M. consumed in the first but not the second lactation. More generous feeding improved live·weight change less in the second than in the first lactation. No cumulative effects over two lactations were observed consequent upon variation in diet composition.
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Gripas, M. N., E. G. Arzamasova et E. V. Popova. « The results of study of promising red clover varieties in competitive varietal trial ». Agricultural Science Euro-North-East 20, no 6 (17 décembre 2019) : 585–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2019.20.6.585-593.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The article presents the results of study of promising diploid and tetraploid red clover varieties, differed by ripening time, sowed in 2016 in competitive varietal trial at two-year cutting mode of grass-stand use. In the conditions of Kirov region, there was carried out a comprehensive assessment of varieties according to the following biological and production indicators: winter hardiness, duration of growing season, plant and grass-stand height, leafiness, productivity of dry mass by cuttings and in total for two years of use, protein and fiber content, yield of raw protein and digestible protein, resistance to root rot. In each group of ripeness, the best varieties have been identified. They combined protein productivity, winter hardiness (72.3-94.0 %) and resistance to root rot: early tetraploid population SGPFT-170-2 which significantly exceeded the standard (st.) Kudesnik in the yield of raw protein by 0.49 t/ha and digestible protein by 0.355 t/ha, medium-resistant to root rot, with less root system damage compared to the standard by 5.6% in the first year of use (1 y. u.) and 3.3% in the second year of use (2 y. u.); diploid early variety GPF-54-2, which significantly exceeded st. Dymkovsky by 0.391 t/ha in the yield of raw protein in total for two years of use and showed resistance to root rot in the 1 y. u.; diploid late varieties SGP-105 and GPR-36-2, which provided significant additions to st. Kirovsky 159 in the yield of raw protein (+1.216 and +0.964 t/ha) and digestible protein (+0.918 and +0.726 t/ha), combining fodder productivity with resistance to root rot in the 1 y. u. and average resistance in the 2 y. u. (st. Kirovsky 159 is susceptible).Conflict of interest: the authors stated that there was no conflict of interest.
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A K, FAZLULLAH KHAN, GOPALAN A, MANONMANI S, SUDHAKAR D, MALARVIZHI P, JAYANTHI C et SURENDRAN C. « A new multicut fodder sorghum COFS 29 for Tamil Nadu ». Madras Agricultural Journal 89, june (2002) : 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00222.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A multicut fodder sorghum COFS 29 (TNS 30 x S. sudanense) was developed to meet long felt demand of the dairy farmers of Tamil Nadu. The new variety is having a yield potential of 170 t ha of green fodder per year in five harvests (main crop + four ratoons) at 65-70 days intervals. It is tall in stature and produces 10-15 thin tillers, highly leafy with high palatability. It has more crude protein content than Co 27 and less crude fibre and HCN content. The Digestible Dry Matter and In vitro digestible dry matter are also higher than Co 27.
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Younge, B. A., J. J. Murphy, M. Rath et B. K. Sloan. « The effect of protected methionine and lysine on milk production and composition on grass-silage based diets ». Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1995 (mars 1995) : 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200591625.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Methionine and lysine have been shown to be the two amino acids most limiting for milk protein synthesis in lactating dairy cows. Many studies have shown positive effects of adding protected forms of methionine to cows on maize silage-based diets supplemented with soyabean meal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on milk production and composition of adding protected methionine and lysine to cows fed a grass silage diet.24 Autumn-calved cows (2nd lactation or greater) were blocked into groups of 4 based on calving date and milk yield in the immediate pre-experimental week. Cows within each group were subjected to each of the following 4 treatments in a latin square design: (1) 7 kg of by-product concentrate per day (C), (2) C plus 4.8 g digestible methionine per day (3) C plus 4.8 g digestible methionine and 6.2 g digestible lysine per day (4) 7 kg of barley-soya concentrate + 7.7 g digestible methionine per day. Each period lasted 4 weeks and data from weeks 3 and 4 were used to compare treatment effects. The amino acids were supplied in a rumen protected form (SmartamineTM, RPAN Technology) and all figures relate to estimated intestinally digestible amino acids based on the French system of calculating digestible lysine and methionine. The cows received primary growth unwilted grass silage ad libitum (Oven Dry Matter 189 g/kg, in-vitro DMD 714 g/kg DM, Crude protein 160 g/kg DM, pH 3.9).
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Younge, B. A., J. J. Murphy, M. Rath et B. K. Sloan. « The effect of protected methionine and lysine on milk production and composition on grass-silage based diets ». Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1995 (mars 1995) : 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600029330.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Methionine and lysine have been shown to be the two amino acids most limiting for milk protein synthesis in lactating dairy cows. Many studies have shown positive effects of adding protected forms of methionine to cows on maize silage-based diets supplemented with soyabean meal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on milk production and composition of adding protected methionine and lysine to cows fed a grass silage diet.24 Autumn-calved cows (2nd lactation or greater) were blocked into groups of 4 based on calving date and milk yield in the immediate pre-experimental week. Cows within each group were subjected to each of the following 4 treatments in a latin square design: (1) 7 kg of by-product concentrate per day (C), (2) C plus 4.8 g digestible methionine per day (3) C plus 4.8 g digestible methionine and 6.2 g digestible lysine per day (4) 7 kg of barley-soya concentrate + 7.7 g digestible methionine per day. Each period lasted 4 weeks and data from weeks 3 and 4 were used to compare treatment effects. The amino acids were supplied in a rumen protected form (SmartamineTM, RPAN Technology) and all figures relate to estimated intestinally digestible amino acids based on the French system of calculating digestible lysine and methionine. The cows received primary growth unwilted grass silage ad libitum (Oven Dry Matter 189 g/kg, in-vitro DMD 714 g/kg DM, Crude protein 160 g/kg DM, pH 3.9).
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Ates, Ertan, et Hazim Serkan Tenikecier. « EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION ON SILAGE QUALITY OF PERSIAN CLOVER (TRIFOLIUM RESUPINATUM L.) ». Current Trends in Natural Sciences 11, no 21 (31 juillet 2022) : 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i21.003.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The aim of the research was to determine the effect of phosphorus fertilization (0, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 kg ha-1) on silage yield and quality traits of Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.). The experiment was conducted at Yoruk village of Malkara-Tekirdag with three replications in randomized block design in 2021. Silage yield (t ha-1), dry matter (%), crude protein (%), crude ash (%), acid detergent fiber (ADF, %), neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %), P (%), K (%), Ca (%), Mg (%), digestible dry matter (DDM, %), dry matter intake (DMI, %), relative feed value (RFV), total digestible nutrients (TDN), net energy-lactation (NEl), net energy-maintenance (NEm), net energy-gain (NEg) and flieg score were determined. Silage yield, dry matter, pH, crude protein, ADF, NDF, P, Mg, DDM, DMI, RFV, TDN, NEg and Flieg Score were determined statistically significant at P˂0.01. The highest silage yield (72.83 t ha-1) and ADF ratio (25.36 %) were obtained from 30 kg P ha-1. The highest dry matter (39.92 %), DDM (70.30 %), DMI (3.22 %) RFV (175.056) and TDN (68.90) were found at application of 90 kg P ha-1. The highest flieg score was determined at application of 60 kg P ha-1. The highest crude protein (15.50-15.51 %) was found at application of 45 and 60 kg P ha-1.
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Karagic, Dj, S. Vasiljevic, S. Katic, A. Mikic, D. Milic, B. Milosevic et N. Dusanic. « Yield and quality of winter common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) haylage depending on sowing method ». Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no 4 (2011) : 1585–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1104585k.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In order to determine an optimum ratio of vetch and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) components in their mixture, there has been carried out a four-year trial (autumn 2005 - spring 2009) aimed at the yield and quality of winter vetch haylage. The sowing rate of winter vetch was 120 kg ha-1, while the sowing rate of winter wheat was 0, 15, 20, 25 and 30 kg ha-1. An increased proportion of the cereal in its mixture with vetch significantly decreases the stand lodging, have a positive influence on forage yield, but haylage quality is of a poorer quality. Quality characteristics such as crude protein and lignin content, total digestible nutrients, dry matter intake and relative feed value were highest in monoculture common vetch followed by mixture with the lowest rate of wheat. Neutral detergent fiber content was positively affected by intercropping. There were no significant differences among treatments for acid detergent fiber content, digestible dry matter, and net energy for lactation. The most favorable balance between the haylage yield and quality, as well as the highest CP yield (1482 kg ha-1), was achieved by the mixture of 120 kg ha-1 of the vetch seed and 15 kg ha-1 of wheat.
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Andrade, Weudes Rodrigues, Eleuza Clarete Junqueira de Sales, Flávio Pinto Monção, Virgílio Mesquita Gomes, Leidy Darmony de Almeida Rufino et Daniel Ananias de Assis Pires. « Hay Tifton 85 grass under nitrogen doses in different days of regrowth ». Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 40, no 1 (1 mars 2018) : 37692. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v40i1.37692.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield, nutritional value and potential ruminal degradation of Tifton 85 hay (Cynodon spp.) harvested at four regrowth ages (28, 35, 42 and 49 days) and fertilized with two nitrogen doses (N; 100 and 300 kg N ha-1). The experimental design was a randomized block design, arranged in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with six replications each. Nitrogen fertilization increased (p < 0.05) dry matter yield and digestible dry matter production of hay and also lignin and crude protein contents. Nitrogen fertilization increased (p < 0.01) the dry matter yield and the digestible dry matter production of hay, as well as lignin (p = 0.01) and crude protein (p = 0.01). The neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (p = 0.01), acid detergent fiber (p = 0.01) and cellulose (p = 0.02) adjusted to the quadratic function regression model of the regrowth ages. For potential rumen degradability hay, it was observed quadratic effect (p = 0.01) with maximum value of 73.1% at 37 days of regrowth. Tifton 85 hay fertilized with 300 kg ha -1 of N and harvested up to 37 days of regrowth results in higher hay dry matter yield, higher crude protein content, and better dry matter rumen degradability.
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Iddrisu, Abdul Mumeen, Kağan Kökten et Erdal Çaçan. « The Effect of Different Irrigation Frequency and Level on Yield and Quality Characteristics of Silage Sorghum ». Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 12, no 6 (10 juin 2024) : 924–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v12i6.924-931.6651.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study was carried out to determine the effect of different irrigation frequency and levels on silage sorghum plant for yield and quality at the Bingöl University Agricultural Research and Application Field in 2022 using the Master BMR variety as plant material. Randomized complete blocks applying the split-plots experimental design with three replications was used; four irrigation levels (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and four irrigation frequencies (5, 10, 15 and 20 days) were considered as treatments. Percentage of moisture replacement was determined using total moisture loss from evapotranspiration (ET). Amount of water discharged by emitters were predetermined, hence, time was used to determine the exact amount. Properties related to green forage yield, dry matter yield, crude protein ratio, crude protein yield, acid detergent insoluble fibre, neutral detergent insoluble fibre, digestible dry matter, dry matter consumption and relative feed value were investigated. Statistically significant differences between all the examined features were observed. The highest green forage yield, dry matter yield and crude protein yield were obtained from 5-day frequency and 100% level. Highest crude protein ratio from 5-day frequency and 25% level, lowest acid detergent insoluble fibre rate and highest digestible dry matter rate from 20-day frequency and 25% level, highest dry matter intake and relative feed value with the lowest neutral detergent insoluble fibre rate were observed from 25% level with 10 and 20-day frequencies. In conclusion; it can be stated that, to obtain high yield from silage sorghum, it is necessary to irrigate at 5 days frequencies and 100% level. However, high-quality product can be obtained with a 10-day frequency and a 25% level with low yield.
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Korkmaz, Yasin, Tugay Ayasan, Sait Aykanat et Mustafa Avcı. « Çukurova İkinci Ürün Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Silajlık Mısır (Zea mays L.) Çeşitlerinin Verim ve Silaj Kalite Performanslarının Değerlendirilmesi ». Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, sp1 (10 décembre 2019) : 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7isp1.13-19.2673.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The research was carried out in the Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute-Hacı Ali location with 4 replications according to the randomized block trial design in 2013-2014. 13 public and 1 private sector maize variety were used as material in the trials. According to the results of the analysis, it was determined that the maize varieties examined showed statistically significant differences in plant properties, dry grass and silage quality. Average plant height, number of leaves, leaf ratio, stem diameter, number of cob, stem ratio, cob ratio and green grass yield were 249.9 cm, 12.97 plant/piece, 19.24%, 22.08 mm, 0.93 plant/unit, 38.40% and 4,251.57 kg/da respectively. According to the analysis, it was observed that the average crude protein content, ADF ratio, NDF ratio, crude ash content, digestible dry matter ratio, crude protein yield, dry matter rate, dry matter yield and hay yield were 8.80%, 34.91%, 59.7%, 7.2%, 61.7%, 993.9 kg/ha, 29.4%, 11,640 kg/ha 12,570 kg/ha in dry grass, respectively. For the silage of varieties, the average crude protein content, ADF ratio, NDF ratio, pH, digestible dry matter rate, dry matter ratio, crude protein yield and Fleig score were 8.22%, 29.27%, 50.48%, 3.57, 66.1%, 28.14%, 926 kg/ha and 118.35, respectively. Burak, Sasa 1 and Ada 334 genotypes performed better in terms of green yield per hectare (53,650, 50,290 and 45,630 kg/ha) and dry matter yield (14,710, 12,810 and 12,410 kg/ha). These varieties can be recommended to producers as silage maize varieties under second crop conditions in Çukurova region of Turkey.
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Asiedu, F. H. K., et S. K. Karikari. « Energy and protein content and intake by stall-fed lambs of pure and mixed swards of Centrosema pubescens Benth., Pueraria phaseoloides Benth. and Brachiaria mutica Stapf. under a mango plantation ». Journal of Agricultural Science 104, no 1 (février 1985) : 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600042970.
Texte intégralRésumé :
SummaryPure and mixed swards of Centrosema pubescens (centro), Pueraria phaseoloides (puero) and Brachiaria mutica (para grass) established under a 12-year-old mango plantation were sampled at 6-week intervals for 2 years to determine crude-protein (CP) content, dry-matter (D.M.) and CP yields and apparent digestible energy and apparent digestible crude-protein (DCP) contents. Daily dry-matter intake (DMI) and apparent digestible energy and digestible crude-protein intakes (DEI and DCPI), as well as live-weight gain (LWG) by 11·5 kg penned West African cross-bred weaner lambs, were also determined.The pure legumes were better than the mixed swards in respect of CP (mean: 22·1, 18·8, 14·4 and 13·8% for centro, puero, centro-para grass and puero-para grass respectively) and DCP (mean: 16·2, 13·4, 10·4 and 10·0% respectively) contents, and daily DMI (mean: 50·8, 49·7, 41·8 and 41·3 g/kg W0·75 respectively), DEI (mean: 562, 531, 418 and 410 kj/kg W075 respectively) and DCPI (mean: 8·09, 6·55, 4·04 and 3·94 g/kg W0·75 respectively). On the other hand the legume-grass mixed swards, especially puero-para grass, were superior to the corresponding pure-legume swards with regard to D.M. yield (mean: 11·90, 7·69, 7·13 and 4·54 t/hafor puero-para grass, centro-para grass, puero and centro respectively) and CP yield(mean: 1·62,1·09, 1·32 and 0·99 t/ha respectively). The pure-legume stands gave the highest LWG per lamb (mean: 45·7, 3·89, 2·63 and 25·3 g/day for centro, puero, centro–para grass and puero-para grass respectively) but it was estimated that the legume-grass mixed swards would give higher returns in terms of lamb LWG on forages harvested per unit sward area than the corresponding pure-legume cover.It was concluded that legume-grass covers would be preferred to all-legume covers if livestock were to be integrated into tree crop farming systems. However, the choice of companion grass would have to be given proper consideration as shade-intolerant grass species, such as para grass, would detract from profit maximization.
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Sprūžs, Jāzeps, Elita Šeļegovska, Inesa Remeza et Svetlana Vasiļjeva. « FEED ADDITIVES INNUTRITION OF ORGANIC GOAT ». Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (23 juin 2007) : 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2007vol1.1737.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Goats fed on high quality and valuable forage provide the production of high quality milk and dairy product Improper and poor feeding during lactation period reduce milk yield, weaken animal’s organism, has an influence on breeding and fertility ability and metabolic processes in goats. The goal of our research was to assess the influence of different feed additives on organic goat milk productivity and quality indices. In Latvian local goat feeding of sunflower cake and buckwheat meal increased milk yield by 7,3%, reduced feed units by 3,8% and by 5,2% reduced consumption of digestible protein as well as increased milk fat and protein content in goat milk by 10% and 4,7%> respectively compare to control. Feeding of wheat bran and buckwheat meal increased milk yield by 5,4%>, reduced feed units by 1,5% and by 3,0% reduced consumption of digestible protein as well as increased protein content in goat milk by 3,0% compare to control. Results of milk analysis on milk cells cytology and immunity indices show that feed additives used, and particularly sunflower cake and buckwheat meal, have a beneficial effect on immunity in animal organism.
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Franco, Sebastian M., Fernando de C. Tavernari, Rosana C. Maia, Victor R. S. M. Barros, Luiz F. T. Albino, Horacio S. Rostagno, Guilherme R. Lelis, Arele A. Calderano et Ryan Neil Dilger. « Estimation of optimal ratios of digestible phenylalanine + tyrosine, histidine, and leucine to digestible lysine for performance and breast yield in broilers ». Poultry Science 96, no 4 (avril 2017) : 829–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew305.
Texte intégral
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Áldott-Sipos, Ágnes, Eszter Csepregi-Heilmann, Tamás Spitkó, Csaba Szőke, János Pintér, Tamás Berzy, János Nagy et Csaba L. Marton. « Comparing the yield of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in organic and conventional agriculture ». Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no 2 (1 décembre 2023) : 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/2/12574.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The European Green Deal was published by the European Commission in 2019. The main aim of the program is to reach net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, making Europe the first climate-neutral continent in the world. To achieve this, criteria are also set for agriculture: increasing the share of land under organic farming to 25%, reducing the use of fertilisers and pesticides. However, the benefits of organic farming are widely debated. The aim of our study was to compare the yield of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids bred in Martonvasar in two different cropping environments. The silage yields of 20 different maize hybrids were evaluated in a three replicate small plot experiment in an organic field and an adjacent conventional field. The average green mass yield of the hybrids was 36,58 t ha-1 in the organic field and 43,03 t ha-1 in the conventional. The green mass yield in the organic area was 20% lower than in the conventional area, and the dry matter yield and digestible dry matter yield were about 18% lower. Hybrids of different maturity groups responded differently to organic cultivation. The yields of early hybrids decreased more and late hybrids less in the organic farming compared to the conventional production.
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Esedullaev, S. « Productivity and feed value of herbage mixtures on the basis of Festulolium in the Upper Volga region ». Kormlenie sel'skohozjajstvennyh zhivotnyh i kormoproizvodstvo (Feeding of agricultural animals and feed production), no 8 (1 août 2020) : 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-05-2008-07.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The results of long-term experiments on the productivity and feed value of Festulolium herbage mixtures with meadow clover and variegated alfalfa have been presented. It has been found that in mixed crops with the participation of Festulolium the productivity and quality of herbage mass were higher than in traditional crops. In mixed clover crops with Festulolium the yield of herbage mass was higher by 8,7–14,1 % and amounted to 41,3 and 43,5 t/ha, dry matter 6,89 and 7,60 t/ha, collection of feed units 6,13 and 6,94 thousand/ha, digestible protein 663 and 690 kg/ha, respectively, in the control and against the background of mineral nutrition. The supply of a feed unit with digestible protein reached 106–108 g, the sugar-protein ratio was 0,79–0,82, which corresponds to zootechnical standards or close to them. Herbage mixtures of alfalfa with Festulolium formed yields of herbage mass 42,9 t/ha, dry matter 9,29 t/ha, feed units 8,73 thousand/ha, digestible protein 1103 kg/ha in control and 47,9 t/ha, 9,89 t/ha, 8,73 thousand/ha, 1160 kg/ha, respectively, when applying mineral fertilizers, which was higher than traditional herbage mixtures by 9,2–14,0 %. When the ratio of sugar and protein was close to the optimal ratio (0,77–0,81), the supply of digestible protein to the feed unit significantly exceeded the norm (132–140 g). Joint crops of cereals and legumes are also important agrotechnical value. Due to the nitrogen-fixing symbiotic activity of legumes when they are grown together with cereals, nitrogen is transferred from legumes to cereals, which completely eliminates or significantly reduces the need for such crops in mineral fertilizers.
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Andreeva, O. T., N. G. Pilipenko, L. P. Sidorova et N. Yu Kharchenko. « CREATION OF AGROCENOSES OF FODDER CROPS FOR SPRING AND EARLY SUMMER USE IN THE FORESTSTEPPE ZONE OF THE TRANS-BAIKAL TERRITORY ». Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 48, no 4 (23 octobre 2018) : 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2018-4-6.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Experimental data on the creation of fodder agrocenoses for the production of green feed in the spring and early summer period is presented. The research was conducted in 2014-2016 in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The study included winter and spring rye crops and cabbage. It was established that the promising crop that gives the earliest green feed is the winter rye of autumn sowing. It was characterized by a high regrow capacity and formed two yield cuttings in the tillering phase. The yield of green mass was 7.7 t/ha, dry matter – 1.36 t/ha, output of feed units was 1.34 t/ha, the amount of digestible protein – 279 kg/ha. In the phase of stem elongation, the figures were 10.0 t/ ha, 2.17 t/ha, 1.93 t/ha, 287 kg/ ha, respectively; in the earing phase (one cutting) – 9.3 t/ha, 3.30 t/ha, 2.65 t/ha, 287 kg/ha, respectively. Feed biomass was of higher quality when used in the period of tillering, where the content of digestible protein per one feed unit was 206-210 g. The spring sowings of winter rye were inferior to the autumn sowings in the amount of two cuttings in the tillering phase: green mass by 3.3 t/ha, dry matter 0.58 t/ha, feed units 0.58 t/ha, digestible protein 113 kg/ha; in the stem elongation phase: 5.5 t/ha, 1,27 t/ha, 1.15 t/ ha, 168 kg/ha, respectively. Crops of spring rape, oil radish and spring rye are also important, since they allow to obtain a sufficiently high yield in the early summer period. In the budding phase the yield of green mass of cabbage crops was 22.8 and 18.3 t/ ha, dry matter – 2.69 and 2.78 t/ha, feed units – 2.70 and 2.25 t/ha, digestible protein – 648 and 599 kg/ ha; in the flowering phase the figures for oil radish were 21.5 t/ha, 2.56 t/ha, 2.57 t/ha, 499 kg/ ha, respectively. In the tillering phase the figures for spring rye in the amount of two cuttings were 7.3 t/ ha, 1.31 t/ha, 1.11 t/ha, 210 kg/ ha, respectively; in the phase of stem prolongation – 3.8 t/ha, 0.82 t/ ha, 0,87 t/ha, 105 kg/ha, respectively.
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Oliveira, G. M., A. S. Ferreira, P. F. Campos, V. V. Rodrigues, F. C. O. Silva, W. G. Santos, A. L. Lima, P. G. Rodrigues et C. C. Lopes. « Digestible tryptophan to lysine ratios for weaned piglets at 26 days of age ». Animal Production Science 57, no 10 (2017) : 2027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15504.
Texte intégralRésumé :
With the objective of determining the optimal digestible tryptophan to lysine ratios (Trp : Lys) in feed, 192 crossbred piglets were weaned at 26.3 ± 2.0 days, with initial weights of 8 ± 0.360 kg. The piglets were blocked by bodyweight and randomly allotted into six treatments, eight repetitions and four piglets per experimental unit. The treatments included five ratios of digestible Trp : Lys of 0.15, 0.17, 0.19, 0.21 and 0.23 with 1.26% digestible lysine and one positive control treatment (C+) with a Trp : Lys ratio of 0.19 and digestible lysine of 1.33%. The piglet’s performance and other characteristics were evaluated in phases: Phase I lasted from weaning up to Day 14 of the experiment, and Phase II lasted from weaning up to Day 21 of the experiment. The feed intake during Phase I, including the protein and fat deposition rates, the kidney relative weights and carcass yield were not influenced by the Trp : Lys ratios (P > 0.05). The Trp : Lys ratios had a linear effect on the liver and kidney absolute weights (P < 0.05). The ratio also had a linear effect (P < 0.01) on the bodyweight, the average daily gain, the gain : feed ratio of the piglets during Phases I and II and on the feed intake during Phase II (P < 0.05). The effect of the Trp : Lys ratios on the digestible lysine level (P = 0.04) demonstrated that digestible lysine was a limiting factor. The Linear Response Plateau model indicated that the best Trp : Lys ratio (P = 0.04) was 0.20 during Phase I and 0.22 (P < 0.01) during Phase II. Thus, the optimal digestible Trp : Lys ratio for piglets during the initial growth phase (from 26 to 47 days of age) is 0.22.
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Veriato, Florence Taciana, Daniel Ananias De Assis Pires, Daniela Cangussú Tolentino, Dorismar David Alves, Diogo Conzaga Jayme et Marielly Maria Almeida Moura. « Fermentation characteristics and nutritive values of sorghum silages ». Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 40, no 1 (1 avril 2018) : 34458. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v40i1.34458.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The objective of this study was to select sorghum genotypes for silage production. The study was carried out at Embrapa Maize & Sorghum’s experimental field. Planting was performed in randomized blocks, with three replicates and the Scott-Knott test at a 5% probability level. The material was ensilaged in laboratory silos opened after 56 days for analysis concerning fermentation and bromatological composition. Only crude protein showed no significant difference (p > 0.05), with an overall mean of 8.88%. The other variables presented significant differences (p < 0.05): pH (3.34 to 3.94); Aw (0.93 to 0.98); N-NH 3/TN (1.61 to 6.56%); green matter yield (12.05 to 34.14 t ha-1); dry matter yield (6.19 to 11.42 t ha-1); dry matter (26.89 to 49.95%); ashes (4.08 to 6.88%); neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (47.67 to 65.79%); acid detergent fiber (16.62 to 35.89%); hemicellulose:cellulose (1.07 to 2.71%); lignin (2.03 to 6.52%), digestible dry matter yield (3.70 to 7.41 t ha-1) and dry matter digestibility (56.36 to 72.67%). Based on digestible dry matter yield, the genotypes: male 201191 and hybrids 2012F47484, 2012F47515 and 2012F47525 stood out in relation to the others for showing good yielding, adequate nutritional value, with low dry matter and NDF levels coupled with high digestibility values and good fermentation patterns of the silages.