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1
Converti, Fabio, et Piera Della Morte. « La qualitŕ della vita nelle aree di margine : il luogo del progetto urbano e sociale ». ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, no 97 (février 2011) : 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2010-097004.
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Il contributo tratta la questione relativa alle aree di margine periurbane, evidenziandone la genesi, le cause e le principali caratteristiche, nonché gli effetti negativi di natura collettiva che i processi di diffusione urbana possono arrecare, per poi approfondire il tema della qualitŕ della vita e delle relazioni sociali all'interno di insediamenti periferici, proponendo possibili soluzioni per migliorare la qualitŕ delle reti sociali e relazionali attraverso il progetto urbano.
2
De Marchi, Marta. « Foodspace. Leggere le trasformazioni territoriali attraverso lo spazio del cibo : il caso Veneto ». ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, no 128 (août 2020) : 80–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2020-128006.
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I sistemi agroalimentari al contempo trasformano i territori di riferimento e si adattano ad essi e alle loro configurazioni urbane. Leggere queste interdipendenze risulta cruciale in termini di spazio e occupazione del suolo, soprattutto alla luce della scala globale di molte filiere del cibo. Il Veneto si offre come caso paradigmatico dei territori a diffusione urbana europei, in cui gli spazi della produzione, della distribuzione e del consumo di cibo sono in prossimità fisica tra loro.
3
Galdini, Rossana. « Interpretare la complessità urbana contemporanea : il paradigma della città fluida ». SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE, no 128 (juillet 2022) : 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sur2022-128002.
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La città fluida costituisce una delle recenti concettualizzazioni utilizzate per identificare i processi che attraversano la città contemporanea. La trasposizione del concetto di fluidità nella pianificazione e nella morfologia urbana consente di osservare come il dinamismo, la temporaneità, la flessibilità siano adottate come categorie per la rifunzionalizzazione, la risignificazione degli spazi, la creazione dei luoghi e la diffusione di nuove pratiche. Il contributo propone una riflessione sull'esigenza di individuare un approccio alla pianificazione urbana capace di gestire la fluidità e la complessità urbana contemporanea.
4
Bergamaschi, Maurizio, Luca Daconto et Maria Grazia Montesano. « Diffusione periferica e concentrazioni. La dinamica insediativa dei residenti stranieri a Bologna e Milano ». MONDI MIGRANTI, no 2 (août 2021) : 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mm2021-002009.
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L'articolo analizza la dinamica localizzativa di medio-periodo (2001-2018) della popolazione residente straniera a Bologna e Milano. L'obiettivo è comprendere gli elementi in comune, le specificità e le trasformazioni dei modelli residenziali dei cittadini stranieri nei due contesti urbani Sud-europei. L'analisi statistica e spaziale dei più recenti dati amministrativi conferma l'assenza di fenomeni di segregazione urbana ed evidenzia la tendenza alla diffusione territoriale della presenza straniera e la crescente configurazione periferica delle aree con concentrazione. Le specifici-tà dei due casi suggeriscono inoltre la rilevanza dei fattori locali per comprendere i processi di insediamento degli stranieri. Dopo una sintetica rassegna della letteratura, sono presentati i risultati dell'analisi diacronica e, infine, viene messo in eviden-za il contributo che lo studio fornisce al dibattito sui modelli insediativi delle popolazioni straniere nei contesti urbani Sud-europei.
5
Franz, Gianfranco. « Città Circolare / Circolarità in Città. Limiti e potenzialità di un paradigma emergente ». ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, no 131 (août 2021) : 32–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2021-131002.
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Il saggio affronta il tema della circolarita economica e urbana intesa come sottoinsieme del paradigma della sostenibilita, evidenziando potenzialita e limiti di un nuovo modello in via di affermazione e diffusione a scala planetaria. Il ragionamento critico prende le mosse dalla recente produzione di documenti istituzionali e l'ancora ridotta produzione scientifica sull'argomento per proporre un'interpretazione non ortodossa sul rapporto fra circolarita e citta.
6
Calvo, Angel. « Reti di telecomunicazione : la diffusione urbana del telefono in Spagna, 1877-1930 ». STORIA URBANA, no 119 (février 2009) : 75–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/su2008-119005.
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- Cities were the natural environment for the spread of telephone services in the early phase of the new technology of vocal communication. The expansion of the telephone in the Spanish cities took place with a relative delay with respect to other European countries. The reasons for this relative delay were as much economic (rent and tariffs) as institutional, mainly the unstable government policy and the regime of concessions. The period between 1877-1930 analyzed here is rich in contrasts since it includes the passage from an overwhelming predominance of local networks, private as well as public, to a regime of virtual monopoly towards the creation of a system unified under a private monopoly with very few exceptions.
7
Pucci, Paola. « I territori dell'auto elettrica : oltre il paradigma urbanocentrico ». ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, no 128 (août 2020) : 14–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2020-128003.
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L'articolo propone quattro scenari per restituire diverse intensità/modalità/velocità di diffusione dei veicoli elettrici nella Regione urbana milanese. Gli scenari, costruiti con un'analisi multicriteri che analizza le relazioni tra mobilità elettrica, pratiche di mobilità, caratteristiche socio-economiche e insediative, offrono elementi per definire politiche di incentivo e di regolazione per una transizione sostenibile ed equa verso una mobilità a basse emissioni di carbonio.
8
Abbamonte, Francesco, Antonia Arena et Roberta Pacelli. « Le relazioni tra infrastruttura urbana e agentività imprenditoriale dei migranti a Napoli ». TERRITORIO, no 100 (novembre 2022) : 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2022-100014.
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Le dinamiche territoriali, economiche e sociali delle popolazioni migranti impattano le - e contribuiscono alle - trasformazioni della città. Il contributo presenta una prima indagine, condotta in una porzione di centro città di Napoli, sul fenomeno della grande diffusione delle attività per la vendita di beni di uso quotidiano con titolarità extra-ue. Lo studio è finalizzato a indagare, in termini di opportunità o limitazioni, da un lato le implicazioni che tali attività hanno sulle dinamiche territoriali, dall'altro il ruolo che l'apertura di questi piccoli negozi può avere nei percorsi migratori.
9
Cremaschi, Marco, Carlo Salone et Angelo Besana. « Densità urbana e Covid-19 : la diffusione territoriale del virus nell'area di Bergamo ». ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, no 131 (août 2021) : 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2021-131001.
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L'articolo studia l'impatto della prima ondata di Covid-19 su forme urbane e densita topologica nella Valseriana, Bergamo. Dopo un'analisi della letteratura, si affronta il tasso di mortalita in rapporto alla struttura territoriale locale. Ne risulta un'elevata variabilita locale per l'incrocio tra modelli insediativi, aspetti culturali e forme di mobilita; elementi di cui le istituzioni dovrebbero tenere conto per affrontare il necessario processo di adeguamento.
10
Lenzi, Francesca Romana. « Confini etnici, segregazioni simboliche. Il caso di Roma tra enclaves e diffusione urbana ». SICUREZZA E SCIENZE SOCIALI, no 1 (septembre 2019) : 171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/siss2019-001015.
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11
Balestrieri, Mara, et Tanja Congiu. « Il processo di diffusione urbana nel contesto sassarese. I conflitti tra città e campagna ». ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, no 108 (mai 2014) : 85–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2013-108005.
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12
Baldini, Monica. « Dal passato al presente : recenti trasformazioni di una frazione nel Bolognese ». SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE, no 92 (février 2011) : 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sur2010-092006.
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Il presente contributo presenta un particolare aspetto del lavoro di ricerca intrapreso durante la tesi di Dottorato in Sociologia presso la Facoltŕ di Scienze Politiche di Bologna. Il lavoro di ricerca č stato sostenuto dalla collaborazione con il Comune di Argelato: tale volontŕ di cooperare nasce col comune obiettivo di studiare il fenomeno di diffusione urbana che da anni coinvolge la cittŕ di Bologna e i suoi comuni dell'hinterland e che in particolare ha visto nel comune di Argelato e in una delle sue maggiori frazioni, quella di Funo, uno degli attori privilegiati di questo fenomeno.
13
Iacobone, Damiano, et Ruben Baiocco. « Green and Sustainable Communities of Yester-day ». TERRITORIO, no 95 (mai 2021) : 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2020-095002.
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In occasione del centenario dalla fondazione di Welwyn Garden City (1920-2020), questo servizio è dedicato alla citta` giardino, da considerare forse la più radicale e rilevante eredita` del ‘town planning and design' britannico e della tradizione utopistica. I saggi che costituiscono la sezione partono tutti da una riconsiderazione dei principi iniziali di Ebenezer Howard, mettendone in luce aspetti differenti, per analizzare la diffusione coeva del modello in ambito europeo e statunitense, o aspetti non scontati come la relazione tra pianificazione urbana e questione alimentare. L'obiettivo e` una valutazione sul lascito delle citta` giardino, come una vicenda, fra teoria e prassi, della pianificazione e del disegno della citta` all'origine di molte questioni della citta` contemporanea.
14
Salvati, Luca. « Struttura produttiva, dinamiche di diffusione urbana e distribuzione spaziale dell'impermeabilizzazione del suolo : un'analisi esplorativa a scala locale ». RIVISTA DI ECONOMIA E STATISTICA DEL TERRITORIO, no 2 (septembre 2013) : 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rest2013-002002.
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15
Schilleci, Filippo. « Le sfide della formazione urbanistica nell'era post-pandemia ». TERRITORIO, no 98 (mars 2022) : 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2021-098012.
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La diffusione dell'infezione da Sars-CoV2 e la crisi di sistema, che ne è conseguita, hanno generato una serie di impatti che vanno ben oltre il campo dell'epidemiologia investendo anche l'ambito della formazione accademica dei futuri pianificatori sotto il profilo sia dei contenuti che delle metodologie didattiche. L'articolo restituisce una riflessione critica sull'impatto della pandemia da Covid-19 sull'insegnamento del planning a partire dalle esperienze didattiche condotte dall'autore presso il Corso di laurea magistrale in Pianificazione territoriale urbanistica e ambientale dell'Università degli Studi di Palermo. Un'occasione per avviare un ragionamento più ampio non solo sulle competenze richieste ai pianificatori all'indomani della crisi pandemica ma più in generale su come i corsi di laurea in Pianificazione urbana e territoriale si stanno attrezzando nel fornire agli studenti le competenze necessarie per affrontare le sfide poste dal post-pandemia.
16
Leone, Ludovica, Anna Chiara Scapolan, Fabrizio Montanari, Matteo Rinaldini et Damiano Razzoli. « Gli spazi collaborativi in emilia-romagna : caratteristiche e ripresa post covid ». ECONOMIA E SOCIETÀ REGIONALE, no 1 (juin 2021) : 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/es2021-001007.
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La diffusione degli spazi collaborativi è un fenomeno che si è accentuato notevolmente nell'ultimo decennio sia come risposta alle trasformazioni in atto nel mondo del lavoro (au-mento dei freelance e knowledge workers, digitalizzazione e remote working), sia come con-seguenza della forte spinta alla creatività e all'innovazione a livello individuale, aziendale e territoriale. Inoltre, gli spazi collaborativi sono il risultato di processi di rigenerazione urbana di edifici abbandonati e in disuso, che rappresentano l'eredità di un'economia industriale sop-piantata dall'economia della conoscenza e delle relazioni. Lo studio propone una panoramica degli spazi collaborativi in Emilia-Romagna, identificandone le caratteristiche principali e il ruolo che svolgono per le persone che li frequentano. Infine, lo studio si propone di illustrare gli impatti della pandemia sugli spazi collaborativi e le modalità con cui i gestori degli spazi stanno rispondendo alle sfide emergenti.
17
Annese, Mariella, Antonio Labalestra et Marco Pietrosante. « Landscape transformation and territorial marketing. The Noi Techpark restoration project in Bolzano : a remarkable case of territorial branding ». Valori e Valutazioni 30 (août 2022) : 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.48264/vvsiev-20223009.
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The Noi Techpark project in Bolzano has substantially transformed a portion of the Bolzano surroundings, localizing university and management functions in an area characterized by the presence of a dismissed industrial settlement built between the two World Wars by the Montecatini group. The project was pursued through the creation of a technology park, renovating the structures of the old factory which was in a state of abandon and then acquired by the Autonomous Province of Bolzano. This allowed the establishment of a pole of new public- private structures for technology transfer. The present paper intends to retrace the history of this intervention, describing its main characteristics in terms of urban form, functions and presence of public spaces in relation to the achievement of the objective of re- evaluating an entire urban area. including the relevant residential zone. But at the same time the ambition of the essay lies in the attempt to represent how, in the assessment of the complexity of local policies of territorial development, a significant role is played by the ability to contribute to economic growth in terms of birth of new businesses, improvement of competitiveness of existing ones, enhancement of financial resources, human and material present in the area and, finally, the ability to attract new productive factors in the area. In this sense, the Noi Techpark project is emblematic. Il Progetto Noi Techpark a Bolzano ha trasformato in maniera sostanziale una porzione consistente della periferia di Bolzano, localizzando funzioni universitarie e direzionali in un’area caratterizzata dalla presenza di un insediamento industriale dismesso realizzato, negli anni tra le due guerre mondiali, dal gruppo Montecatini. L’intervento è stato perseguito mediante la realizzazione di un parco tecnologico che, attraverso il risanamento delle strutture del vecchio opificio – acquisito al patrimonio della Provincia autonoma di Bolzano dopo il suo abbandono – ha permesso l’istituzione di un polo di nuove strutture pubblico-private destinate al trasferimento tecnologico. Il presente contributo intende ripercorrere la storia di questo intervento, soffermandosi nel descriverne le principali caratteristiche in termini di forma urbana, funzioni e presenza di spazi pubblici in relazione al raggiungimento dell’obiettivo di rivalutare un’intera area urbana. Ivi compreso quella occupata dal tessuto residenziale di pertinenza. Ma allo stesso tempo l’ambizione del saggio risiede nel tentativo di rappresentare come, nella valutazione della complessità delle politi- che di sviluppo locale di un territorio, un ruolo rilevante sia ricoperto dalla capacità di contribuire alla crescita economica nei termini di nascita di nuove imprese, di miglioramento della competitività di quelle esistenti, di valorizzazione delle risorse finanziarie, umane e materiali presenti in loco e, infine, dalla capacità di attrarre nuovi fattori produttivi sul territorio. Proprio in questo senso Il progetto del parco tecnologico Noi Techpark sembra emblematico. Nell’aver perseguito, oltre al risanamento di un’area industriale di smessa, l’obiettivo della creazione e della diffusione dell’innovazione per mezzo di un brand territoriale. In questo modo, al vantaggio di arginare la perdita di valore del contesto edilizio dell’intera area, si aggiunge il risultato prestigioso di aver messo in contatto i laboratori di ricerca, da un lato, e il tessuto imprenditoriale, dell’altro. L’intera operazione restituisce, dunque, un contesto entro cui è stato possibile sviluppare la capacità di trasferire know-how, di diffondere informazioni tecnologiche sul territorio, di creare un network di relazioni che stanno alla base della diffusione e della creazione della conoscenza e dello sviluppo di un ambito territoriale. Tutti elementi, non immediatamente quantificabili in termini economici nel breve periodo, ma che ci sembra debbano essere presi in considerazione nelle valutazioni complessive del vantaggio dell’opportunità di portare a termine questo tipo di iniziative.
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Moreno Gaytán, Silvia Iveth. « Entre lo comunitario y la escasez : La práctica de la agricultura urbana en la zona oriente del Valle de México / Between the community and scarcity : The practice of urban agriculture in the eastern zone of the Valley of Mexico ». Revista Trace, no 81 (31 janvier 2022) : 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22134/trace.81.2022.807.
Texte intégralRésumé :
El objetivo central del presente artículo es abordar la función de la agricultura urbana como práctica de apropiación del espacio urbano y la construcción comunitaria encaminada a generar sistemas alimentarios locales. El texto analiza un triple caso de estudio en el que se aplicaron técnicas cualitativas en áreas periféricas populares al oriente de la zona metropolitana de la Ciudad de México, con lo cual se evidencian las innovaciones y estrategias alimentarias a microescala, que son poco valorizadas fuera del ámbito local, debido al bajo capital tecnológico y digital para la difusión de sus alcances. Los resultados presentan rasgos particulares sobre la revalorización de los espacios ecológicos y ociosos en áreas urbanas, así como sobre la construcción de formas diferenciadas de habitar los contextos urbanos y sobre el modo en el que se teje el sentido de pertenencia de una comunidad que recupera los recursos territoriales a través de reconocer momentos críticos que influyen en la reinvención de prácticas y en la generación de estrategias de apoyo mutuo.Abstract: The main objective of the present paper is to address the function of urban agriculture as a practice of appropriation of urban space and community construction aimed at generating local food. The text analyzes a triple case study in which qualitative techniques were applied in popular peripheral areas to the east of the metropolitan area of Mexico City, which shows the innovations and food practices on a micro scale that are little valued outside of the local sphere due to the low technological and digital capital for the spreading of their scope. The results present particular features on the revaluation of idle spaces and ecological reserves within urban areas, as well as the construction of differentiated ways of inhabiting urban contexts and the way in which the sense of belonging of a community that recovers territorial resources is woven through the recognition of critical moments that influence the reinvention of practices and the generation of mutual support strategies.Keywords: agriculture; local; urban; popular neighborhoods; territory.Résumé : Cet article o pour objectif l’analyse des pratiques de l’agriculture urbaine, entendues comme une forme d’appropriation de l’espace urbain et de la construction communautaire visant à établir des réseaux d’alimentation. Le texte offre une triple étude de cas à partir de quartiers populaires de l’orient de la zone métropolitaine de Mexico. Sur la base de techniques quantitatives, l’article met en évidence les innovations sociales et les pratiques pour la souveineté alimentaire à échelle micro, lesquelles tendent à être peu valorisées en raison du bas capital technologique et digital nécessaire pour la diffusion de leur couverture. Les résultats présentent de quelle façon les savoirs d’origine rurale se revalorisent et comment se construisent les formes diférenciées d’habiter les contextes urbains. Ils démontrent la présence d’un sentiment d’appartenance à la communauté, capable de récupérer les ressources territoriales à travers la reconnaissance des moments critiques, de réinventar des pratiques et de générer des stratégies d’appui mutuel.Mots-clés : agriculture ; local ; urbain ; quartiers populaires ; territoire.
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Conti, Alfio, Florencia Sosa et Amanda Oliveira Andrade. « A difusão urbana no espaço periurbano entre as cidades de Ouro Preto e Itabirito / Urban spread in the periurban space between the cities of Ouro Preto and Itabirito ». Caderno de Geografia 26, no 47 (20 septembre 2016) : 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.2318-2962.2016v26n47p817.
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<p class="CAEResumoAbstract">O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o processo de difusão urbana em curso no espaço regional entre as cidades brasileiras de Itabirito e Ouro Preto. Este espaço geográfico foi escolhido por ser um espaço dinâmico, com a presença de novas urbanizações que são o resultado do processo de difusão urbana norteado pelo processo de crescimento de Ouro Preto e Itabirito. Para possibilitar esta investigação, após a contextualização do espaço em estudo dentro do espaço perimetropolitano de Belo Horizonte e dentro do aglomerado urbano de Ouro Preto, Mariana e Itabirito, é feita a análise das suas características ambientais, morfológicas e funcionais, e são investigados as novas urbanizações com a análise dos aspectos morfológicos funcionais, detalhando a tipologia e o papel que cada uma tem dentro do espaço regional em estudo. Para finalizar são estudados os processos em curso na escala regional e, destacando o papel estratégico que este espaço possui para as cidades de Ouro Preto e Itabirito, é apontado como seja importante, para garantir um crescimento equilibrado para as duas cidades, estruturar um sistema de planejamento conjunto em âmbito inter-municipal.</p><p><strong>Palavra-chave</strong>: cidades médias, espaço periurbano, difusão urbana.</p><p class="CAEResumoAbstract"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This study aims to investigate the ongoing urban diffusion process at a regional space between the Brazilian cities of Ouro Preto and Itabirito. This geographical area was chosen because it is a dynamic space with the presence of new urban centers that are the result of urban diffusion process guided by the growth process of Ouro Preto and Itabirito. To enable this investigation, after the contextualization of the space under study within the perimetropolitan area of Belo Horizonte and within the urban area of Ouro Preto, Mariana and Itabirito, is made the analysis of its environmental characteristics, morphological and functional, and are investigated new urban centers with the analysis of the functional morphology, detailing the type and the role that each has within the regional area under study. Finally it is studied the ongoing processes in the regional scale, highlighting the strategic role that this space has for the cities of Ouro Preto and Itabirito, is named as it is important to ensure balanced growth for the two cities to structure a system joint planning in inter-municipal level.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>medium size cities, peri-urban space, urban diffusion.</p>
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Wang, Renyang, Weishan He, Dang Wu, Lu Zhang et Yujia Li. « Urban Land Expansion Simulation Considering the Diffusional and Aggregated Growth Simultaneously : A Case Study of Luoyang City ». Sustainability 13, no 17 (31 août 2021) : 9781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179781.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Restricted by urban development stages, natural conditions, urban form and structure, diffusional growth occupies a large proportion of area in many cities. Traditional cellular automata (CA) has been widely applied in urban growth studies because it can simulate complex system evolution with simple rules. However, due to the limitation of neighborhood conditions, it is insufficient for simulating urban diffusional growth process. A maximum entropy mode was used to estimate three layers of probability spaces: the probability layer of cell transformation from non-urban status to urban status (PLCT), the probability layer for aggregated growth (PLAP), and the probability layer for diffusional growth (PLOP). At the same time, a maxent category selected CA model (MaxEnt-CSCA) was designed to simulate aggregated and diffusional urban expansion processes simultaneously. Luoyang City, with a large proportion of diffusional urban expansion (65.29% in 2009–2018), was used to test the effectiveness of MaxEnt-CSCA. The results showed that: (1) MaxEnt-CSCA accurately simulated aggregated growth of 47.40% and diffusional growth of 37.13% in Luoyang from 2009 to 2018, and the overall Kappa coefficient was 0.78; (2) The prediction results for 2035 showed that future urban expansion will mainly take place in Luolong District and the counties around the main urban area, and the distribution pattern of Luolong District will change from the relative diffusion state to the aggregation stage. This paper also discusses the applicable areas of MaxEnt-CSCA and illustrates the importance of selecting an appropriate urban expansion model in a region with a large amount of diffusional growth.
21
Deriu, Marco. « Gated communities, gated life ». SOCIETÀ DEGLI INDIVIDUI (LA), no 40 (avril 2011) : 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/las2011-001001.
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L'articolo esplora l'evoluzione delle forme del vivere urbano, attraverso l'espansione delle tecnologie di sicurezza privata e la diffusione dellein Brasile, negli Stati Uniti e in Italia. Nell'analisi si procede mettendo in luce dimensioni diverse dei processi di separazione e reclusione su una base spaziale (orizzontale e verticale) e temporale (velocitÀ). Sullo sfondo permane il tema della paura del diverso e della difficoltÀ di confrontarsi con le differenze nei nuovi contesti urbani.
22
França, Iara Soares de, et Juliana Soares de França. « ANÁLISE DA COVID-19 NA MACRORREGIÃO DE SAÚDE NORTE DE MINAS, BRASIL : dinâmica espacial e redes urbanas ». InterEspaço : Revista de Geografia e Interdisciplinaridade 7, no 20 (15 octobre 2021) : 202133. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2446-6549.e202133.
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ANALYSIS OF COVID-19 IN THE NORTHERN MINAS HEALTH MACROREGION, BRAZIL: spatial dynamics and urban networksANÁLISIS DE COVID-19 EN LA MACROREGIÓN DE SALUD DEL NORTE DE MINAS, BRASIL: dinámica espacial y redes urbanasRESUMOEste texto analisa o processo de difusão espacial da COVID-19 na Macrorregião de Saúde Norte de Minas. Para isso, contextualiza-se a Rede Urbana de Minas Gerais, focalizando o setor de saúde e os deslocamentos referentes a esse serviço na Macro Norte. Apresenta um diagnóstico e mapeamento dos casos e óbitos de COVID-19 no período de Abril de 2020 a Março de 2021, ápice da crise epidemiológica no Brasil e também nessa região. Utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, levantamento, organização e sistematização de dados de COVID-19 em Minas Gerais, além de produtos cartográficos analíticos e gráficos. No que tange às análises sobre a disseminação do vírus, o conceito de redes urbanas com a ampliação das interações espaciais é importante para a compreensão da dinâmica da pandemia. A análise aponta que com a pandemia os deslocamentos para Montes Claros e demais sedes microrregionais ratificam o desigual acesso da população às estruturas de saúde de alta complexidade e, ainda, reflete o processo rápido de difusão do vírus no território norte mineiro a partir da rede urbana.Palavras-chave: Rede Urbana; COVID-19; Macro Norte.ABSTRACTThis text analyzes the spatial diffusion process of COVID-19 in the Northern Minas Health Macroregion. To this end, the Urban Network of Minas Gerais is contextualized, focusing on the health sector and the displacements related to this service in Macro Norte. It presents a diagnosis and mapping of COVID-19 cases and deaths from April 2020 to March 2021, apex of the epidemiological crisis in Brazil and also in this region. A qualitative approach, survey, organization and systematization of data from COVID-19 in Minas Gerais was used, in addition to analytical and graphical cartographic products. Regarding the analysis of the spread of the virus, the concept of urban networks with the expansion of spatial interactions is important for understanding the dynamics of the pandemic. The analysis points out that with the pandemic, displacements to Montes Claros and other micro-regional headquarters ratify the population's unequal access to highly complex health structures, and also reflects the rapid process of spreading the virus in northern Minas Gerais from the urban network.Keywords: Urban Network; COVID-19; North Macroregion.RESUMENEste texto analiza el proceso de difusión espacial de COVID-19 en la Macrorregión de Salud Norte de Minas. Para ello, se contextualiza la Red Urbana de Minas Gerais, enfocando se en el sector salud y los desplazamientos relacionados con este servicio en Macro Norte. Presenta un diagnóstico y mapeo de casos y muertes de COVID-19 desde abril de 2020 hasta marzo de 2021, ápice de la crisis epidemiológica en Brasil y también en esta región. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, relevamiento, organización y sistematización de los datos del COVID-19 en Minas Gerais, además de productos cartográficos analíticos y gráficos. En cuanto al análisis de la propagación del virus, el concepto de redes urbanas con expansión de interacciones espaciales es importante para comprender la dinámica de la pandemia. El análisis señala que con la pandemia, los desplazamientos a Montes Claros y otras sedes microrregionales ratifican el acceso desigual de la población a estructuras de salud de alta complejidad, y también refleja el rápido proceso de propagación del virus en el territorio norte de Minas Gerais desde el ámbito de la red urbana.Palabras clave: Red Urbana; COVID-19; Macro Norte.
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Silva, Luís Octávio da. « História Urbana : a constituição de uma área de conhecimento ». Revista Brasileira de Estudos Urbanos e Regionais 4, no 1/2 (31 mai 2002) : 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22296/2317-1529.2002v4n1-2p75.
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Este artigo aponta e analisa os principais eventos, marcos e discussões que pautaram a emergência da história urbana como uma área de conhecimento específica. Ele tem como base principalmente as literaturas britânica e americana. Isso se deve ao papel de vanguarda que Grã-Bretanha e EUA desempenharam no desenvolvimento das análises históricas sobre a cidade, mas também ao potencial de difusão internacional dado pela própria língua em que essas contribuições foram feitas. O interesse, no âmbito desse trabalho, está muito mais nos marcos e referências ligados à constituição desse campo de conhecimento do que na produção historiográfica propriamente dita.Palavras-chave: História Urbana; cidade-história; urbanismo-história; epistemologia da História Urbana. Abstract: The aim of this article is to highlight and analyze the main events, markers and cases in point and discussions concerning the emergence of urban history as specific field of knowledge. Our focus will be on the events of international impact. This article is mainly based on British and American literature due to the innovative role played by UK and USA in the development of historical analysis concerning the city, as well as the diffusion potential given by the language on which these contributions were made. In this work our interest will be more on the marks and references concerning the constitution of this knowledge field rather than the historigraphic production itself. Keywords: Urban History; city history; urbanism history; epistemology of Urban History.
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Ross, Eric. « Globalising Touba ». Urban Studies 48, no 14 (9 février 2011) : 2929–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098010391300.
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The Muslim holy city of Touba, self-defined ‘capital’ of the Murid Sufi order in Senegal, is increasingly thriving on its global connectedness. This article situates the phenomenon of Touba’s globalisation within current literature on the global city and world city networks. It assesses four of the processes through which the holy city’s values and structures are diffusing across the global North. First, the universality of Touba in Murid historiography is considered. Secondly, the diffusion of the toponym ‘Touba’, through the naming of expatriate associations and institutions, is analysed. Thirdly, the types and distribution of businesses set up in the US by Murids is assessed. Fourthly, the diffusion of typical Murid images is discussed as they too contribute to Touba’s international renown.
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Buendía, Pedro. « Urban art, public space, and political subversion : The Egyptian revolution through graffiti Arte urbano, espacio público y subversión política la revolución egipcia a través del graffiti Art urbain, espace public et subversion politique : La révolution égyptienne à travers du graffiti ». Regions and Cohesion 2, no 3 (1 décembre 2012) : 84–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/reco.2012.020306.
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The emergence of graffiti's urban subculture as a means of political expression has become a singular issue of the so-called Arab Spring. Graffiti and urban art, which had little to no relevance in the Arab world until now, emerged with unusual force in many countries, notably in the Palestinian territories, Lebanon, and Egypt. This blossoming takes shape in tangent with the strengthening of a civil society and its rise as a decisive actor in the new political arena. In Egypt's case, graffiti achieved a leading role that reflected the milestones of civil disturbance, marking the walls with virtual snapshots of the popular sentiment. The proliferation of graffiti also had considerable resonance in international media because of the strategy of spreading rebellious and subversive slogans by means of the symbolic occupation of a public space, which, until now, was monopolized by authoritarian powers.Spanish Un fenómeno singular de la denominada “Primavera Árabe“ ha sido la eclosión de la subcultura urbana del graffiti como medio de expresión política. De escasa o nula relevancia hasta ahora, el arte urbano de las pintadas ha surgido con una fuerza inusitada en varias zonas del mundo árabe, notoriamente en los Territorios Palestinos, el Líbano y Egipto. Dicho florecimiento cuaja en paralelo con la rearticulación de la sociedad civil y su irrupción irreversible como actor de los nuevos escenarios políticos. En el caso de Egipto, los graffitis han tenido un señalado protagonismo como reflejo de los sucesivos hitos de las revueltas, marcando los muros y paredes con verdaderas instantáneas del sentir popular. La proliferación del graffiti ha tenido asimismo una considerable resonancia en los medios internacionales, debido a la estrategia de ocupar simbólicamente el espacio público, -que hasta ahora estaba reservado al monopolio de los poderes autoritarios- para la difusión de consignas contestatarias y subversivas.French Un phénomène singulier de la “printemps arabe“ a été l'émergence de la culture urbaine du graffiti comme un moyen d'expression politique. Avec peu ou pas d'importance jusqu'à ce jour, l'art urbain et le graffiti ont émergé avec une force inhabituelle dans diverses régions du monde arabe, notamment dans les Territoires Palestiniens, le Liban et l'Égypte. Ce e éclosion doit être mise en parallèle avec le renforcement de la société civile et son émergence comme acteur décisif dans le nouveau scénario politique. Dans le cas de l'Égypte, le graffiti a joué un rôle clé comme reflet des jalons successifs des révoltes, en marquant les murs avec des instantanés virtuelles du sentiment populaire. La prolifération des graffitis a rencontré aussi un écho remarquable dans les médias internationaux en raison de la stratégie d'occupation symbolique de l'espace public pour la diffusion des slogans rebelles et subversifs; un espace public qui était réservé jusqu'à aujourd'hui aux pouvoirs autoritaires.
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Ferraioli, Ferdinando. « Culti rurali e culti urbani nella Bitinia ellenistica e romana ». ARYS. Antigüedad : Religiones y Sociedades, no 19 (12 novembre 2021) : 97–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/arys.2021.5927.
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Scopo di questo intervento è esaminare le principali testimonianze sulla diffusione dei culti in ambito rurale ed urbano nella Bitinia ellenistica e romana. Il dossier epigrafico appare più limitato per il periodo ellenistico, mentre è più ampio per quello romano. Nelle aree urbane e nelle aree rurali appaiono diffuse le principali divinità del pantheon cultuale greco come Zeus, Apollo, Artemide, Atena, Asclepio ed altre; è significativo come tali divinità nelle aree rurali appaiano con epiteti locali di origine indigena. Particolarmente interessante il caso di Zeus a cui sono associati epiteti come Baleos e Okkonenos, che appaiono di origine tracia, e come Sabazios, che è probabilmente di origine frigia. Altri culti probabilmente basati sulla commistione tra elemento greco e elementi non-greci erano quello della Grande Madre Cibele, che aveva un tempio dedicato a Nicomedia, e alcuni culti tipicamente locali come Priettos, Tataula, Proustene e i Theoi Nerolenoi. In ambito urbano possono ritrovarsi invece culti maggiormente legati alle influenze esterne come quelle egiziane. Ciò appare soprattutto nelle città costiere come Kios, Apamea e Nicomedia, che già in età ellenistica sono aperte ai culti di Iside e Serapide. Più limitato e in epoca più tarda appare l’influsso della religione romana, testimoniato dalle rare dediche bilingui e dall’attestazione dei riti funerari dei Rosalia. Il rapporto tra culti rurali e culti urbani appare contraddistinto quindi da alcune differenze, con le aree rurali che appaiono almeno in un primo tempo meno disponibili ad accogliere i culti stranieri e maggiormente legate ai culti indigeni, che vengono uniti a quelli per le principali divinità del pantheon ellenico. Alla fine tuttavia anche in Bitinia quindi, come è stato notato per altre zone dell’Asia Minore, si assiste, con il passaggio tra l’età ellenistica e quella romana, ad un processo di progressiva integrazione tra culti urbani e rurali, che si attua probabilmente in maniera prevalentemente armonica e senza grosse tensioni tra le varie componenti etniche e territoriali.
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Zhao, Ke, Hang Fu, Yinze Zhu, Yue Wang, Shuwei Wang et Fengxiang Li. « Environmental Impacts of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrient Diffusion Fluxes at a Sediment-Water Interface : The Case of the Yitong River, China ». Sustainability 15, no 2 (9 janvier 2023) : 1210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021210.
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Under the premise of controlling the external input of nitrogen and phosphorus, endogenous release is the main cause of eutrophication in lakes. To investigate the characteristics of endogenous nitrogen and phosphorus release from urban rivers, the Yitong River, an urban river in northern China, was used as an experimental object. Eight sampling sites were set up in the upstream, urban, and downstream regions of an urban section. The nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient exchange fluxes at the sediment-water interface of the Yitong River were assessed by analyzing the sediment and overlying water, and the effects of environmental factors on nitrogen and phosphorus release were investigated using static release experiments. The results showed that the diffusive fluxes of endogenous total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), and total phosphorus (TP) in the urban section of the Yitong River ranged from −1.571 to 19.365 mg·(m2·d)−1, −0.171 to 9.227 mg·(m2·d)−1, and −0.052 to 0.595 mg·(m2·d)−1, respectively. The diffusive fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients were all greater under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions. The diffusive fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus were influenced by changes in pH, DO, and temperature of the overlying water, and the release of phosphorus from the sediment was accelerated by high temperatures in the range of 5–25 °C. Acidic conditions favored the release of TN, whereas alkaline conditions favored the release of TP from the sediment. Furthermore, during the control of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution, it should be noted that fluxes are higher in spring and autumn. Thus, when appropriate techniques should be implemented to achieve better control. These findings are intended to provide a reference for the study of nitrogen and phosphorus diffusion fluxes at the sediment-water interface in urban rivers and other surface waters around the world.
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Li, Li, Christian Binz, Yonglong Lu, Bernhard Truffer et Yajuan Shi. « Institutional trajectory for diffusing on-site wastewater treatment in urban China ». Water Science and Technology 68, no 5 (1 septembre 2013) : 1180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.328.
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Urban water scarcity has been an issue for a long time in China while water pollution has attracted more and more attention over the last two decades. Recently, on-site wastewater treatment (OST) has been proposed as a meaningful alternative to deal with both water pollution and water scarcity in cities in a more sustainable way. However, the diffusion of such an OST system is still slow and often hindered by mismatched regulation, city planning and policy interventions. This paper is intended to explore potential solutions from institutional and governance perspectives. Based on expert interviews and in-depth analysis of an OST system in Kunming, an improved trajectory for diffusing OST in urban China is developed, which includes reformed decision-making and operational procedures, role transition of relevant stakeholders, and improved financing mechanisms. The results might give some suggestions for the transition of urban water management in other newly industrializing countries.
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Whitehand, J. W. R. « Diffusion of urban morphological ideas ». Urban Morphology 25, no 2 (1 juillet 2021) : 194–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.51347/jum.v25i2.4686.
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Whitehand, J. W. R. « Diffusion of urban morphological ideas ». Urban Morphology 25, no 2 (1 juillet 2021) : 194–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.51347/um25.0015.
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Picard, Michelle, et Yves Alavo. « La biodiversitŕ nella cittŕ di Montreal ». TERRITORIO, no 58 (septembre 2011) : 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2011-058007.
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La cittŕ di Montreal continua a giocare un ruolo preponderante in materia di sviluppo e di pianificazione della biodiversitŕ, sia alla scala locale che internazionale. Il Settore di Coordinamento della Biodiversitŕ della Cittŕ di Montreal, promuove azioni di diffusione e di integrazione tra le politiche settoriali, della natura in cittŕ, dell'ambiente e dello sviluppo sostenibile. La cittŕ porta avanti modelli di pianificazione della biodiversitŕ e della loro interessante trasversalitŕ nei diversi livelli operativi e amministrativi, presi come esempi da altre realtŕ urbane canadesi e internazionali. Gli strumenti urbanistici municipali mirano alla prevenzione, educazione, conservazione e concertazione, grazie alla ricerca scientifica, alla gestione ecologica dei grandi parchi, alla preservazione degli ecosistemi urbani e alla salvaguardia delle specie rare.
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Jin, Min, Lizhe Wang, Fudong Ge et Bing Xie. « Understanding the Dynamic Mechanism of Urban Land Use and Population Distribution Evolution from a Microscopic Perspective ». ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no 11 (27 octobre 2022) : 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11110536.
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With the advancement of urbanization, the contradiction in the man–land relationship becomes more and more difficult to ignore. Investigation of the change in urban land use, population distribution and its mechanism can provide powerful assistance for urban planning. Since the changes in urban land use and population distribution is a complex process with spatial heterogeneity, the current methods for describing them are still lacking in both interpretability and spatial differences. In this paper, we combine the expansion phenomena of urban land use and population distribution with the heat equation to understand the mechanism. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to identify the diffusion coefficient to obtain the diffusion law in the city’s development. In this way, the diffusion coefficient identified from the data is directly associated with urban changes. The mechanism of changes in urban land use and population distribution can be explained with the diffusion equation and the diffusion coefficient. Our model is first validated on land use and land cover data, followed by further refinement of the spatial differences in the artificial impervious surface data. The experiment’s results imply that by applying the model to the population data, the model’s generalization ability has been significantly improved.
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De Santis, Franco, Tuncay Dogeroglu, Sabrina Menichelli, Caterina Vazzana et Ivo Allegrini. « The Use of a New Passive Sampler for Ozone and Nitrogen Oxides Monitoring in Ecological Effects Research ». Scientific World JOURNAL 1 (2001) : 475–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2001.81.
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A simple, cost-effective diffusive sampler is described that is suitable for measuring parts per billion (ppb) levels of ozone and nitrogen oxides. The diffusive sampler makes use of nitrite for ozone determination whereas for nitrogen oxides and nitrogen dioxide an active carbon tissue impregnated with sodium carbonate is used. Nitrate and nitrite, the formation of which is proportional to the pollutant concentration and sampling duration, are the two species analysed, respectively. Diffusion tubes have the advantage of being a low- cost, convenient way of mapping spatial distributions and investigating long-term trends of ozone and nitrogen oxides. The method is extremely useful for assessing long-term concentrations such as the annual mean for nitrogen oxides, as required by the Daughter Directive 1999/30/EC. Field tests to validate the method have been carried out at an urban background location with co-located passive samplers and continuous measurements of O3and NOx. An application in ecological effects monitoring for ozone is also presented.
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Béal, Vincent, Renaud Epstein et Gilles Pinson. « Networked cities and steering states : Urban policy circulations and the reshaping of State–cities relationships in France ». Environment and Planning C : Politics and Space 36, no 5 (4 janvier 2018) : 796–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399654417750623.
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This article focuses on the circulation of urban policy “models” and its influence on the reshaping of relationships between State and cities in France. It suggests that the increasing mobility of practices and knowledge between cities cannot be explained solely by the intensification of horizontal exchanges involving city halls throughout Europe. It also relies on the restructuring of the State and the transformation of its intervention in urban policymaking processes. By considering the Programme National de Rénovation Urbaine and the Plan Ville Durable, the article highlights the emergence of a new model of State–cities relationships characterized by the tracking of local “exemplary” initiatives, and by their certification and diffusion by the central State itself. This new model of relationships allows the State to strengthen its capacity to steer urban policies at a distance, without actually challenging the rise in power of French cities.
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d'Ovidio, Marianna, et Giampaolo Nuvolati. « Mobilitŕ, classe creativa, popolazioni urbane ». SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE, no 94 (avril 2011) : 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sur2011-094005.
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Il presente contributo propone una riflessione teorico-metodologica sulla mobilitŕ di gruppi sociali emergenti a partire dalla lettura di alcuni dati concernenti l'aumento generalizzato degli spostamenti nel nostro paese. La mobilitŕ come esito e fonte di pratiche specifiche di vita riguarda, infatti, un numero crescente di persone e rappresenta un aspetto rilevante nella vita quotidiana di ciascuno. Ciň rende sempre piů necessario delineare, anche attraverso l'analisi sociologica, modelli interpretativi precisi, costruiti in base alle caratteristiche socio-economiche e culturali degli individui oltre che alle loro motivazioni agli spostamenti. La diffusione degli spostamenti quotidiani effettuati per ragioni diverse che per viaggi di lavoro o vacanza interessa vari tipi di popolazioni contribuendo peraltro a trasformare la mobilitŕ da esperienza eccezionale a momento di routine. Questa larga diffusione del fenomeno chiama in causa a maggior ragione proprio quei segmenti sociali che hanno fatto della mobilitŕ e della transitorietŕ residenziale i loro punti di forza nelle societŕ contemporanee. Tra questi troviamo sicuramente la cosiddettacostituita da soggetti altamente mobili e per i quali nell'articolo si cercherŕ di individuare le traiettorie possibili di mobilitŕ alla luce della concentrazione territoriale di forza lavoro e utenti riconducibili a determinati settori e servizi culturali.
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Jin, Min, Ruyi Feng, Lizhe Wang et Jining Yan. « A Study of Diffusion Equation-Based Land-Use/Land-Cover Change Simulation ». ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no 6 (4 juin 2021) : 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10060383.
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Simulating and predicting the development and changes in urban land change can provide valuable references for the sustainable development of cities. However, the change process of urban land-use/land-cover is a complex process involving multiple factors and multiple relationships. This dilemma makes it very challenging to accurately simulate the results and to make predictions. In response to this problem, we started with the physical characteristics of the land-use/land-cover change process and constructed a diffusion equation to simulate and predict urban land-use/land-cover changes. The diffusion equation is used to describe the diffusion characteristics of the land-use/land-cover change process, which helps to understand the urban land-use/land-cover change process. The experimental results show that (1) the diffusion equation we constructed can simulate urban land-use/land-cover changes, (2) the simulation process of the model is not limited by the time interval of the time series data itself, and (3) the model only requires one parameter without other constraints.
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Werland, Stefan. « Diffusing Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning in the EU ». Sustainability 12, no 20 (13 octobre 2020) : 8436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208436.
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This paper explores how the European Commission promotes the concept of Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning (SUMP) among European cities. Despite the strong uptake of the SUMP concept, mobility-related problems persist in European municipalities. Linking theoretical approaches to understand the diffusion of policies with empirical findings from working with cities in the SUMP context, this article explores channels of policy diffusion and investigates shortcomings related to the respective approaches. Studies on the diffusion, the transfer and the convergence of policies identify formal hierarchy, coercion, competition, learning and networking, and the diffusion of international norms as channels for policy transfer. The findings which are presented in this paper are twofold: First, the paper finds evidence that the Commission takes different roles and uses all mechanisms in parallel, albeit with different intensity. It concludes that the approaches to explain policy diffusion are not competing or mutually exclusive but are applied by the same actor to address different aspects of a policy field, or to reach out to different actors. Second, the article provides first evidence of factors that limit the mechanisms’ abilities to directly influence urban mobility systems and mobility behaviour.
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Harris, Chauncy D. « DIFFUSION OF URBAN MODELS : A CASE STUDY ». Urban Geography 19, no 1 (janvier 1998) : 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.19.1.49.
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Murcio, Roberto, et Suemi Rodríguez-Romo. « Colored diffusion-limited aggregation for urban migration ». Physica A : Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 388, no 13 (juillet 2009) : 2689–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2009.03.021.
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Mularczyk, Mirosław. « Development of the Jewish Urban Settlement in Israel in View of the Theory of the Innovation Diffusion ». Miscellanea Geographica 11, no 1 (1 décembre 2004) : 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2004-0026.
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Abstract Presentation of the current state and development tendencies of Jewish urban settlement in Israel against the innovation diffusion theory. Analysis of the growth tempo of the number of cities in Israel allows to claim that urban Jewish settlement network develops in accordance with the innovation diffusion model. Assuming that the theory fits the urban settlement development pattern on the surveyed territories, the directions taken by the impulses sent by innovation sources have been determined based on the corridor settlement development theory. The hypothesis has been verified against the factors influencing spatial development directions of the Jewish urban settlement using a dynamic (synchronic-comparative) diffusion process simulation model, built with the Monte Carlo method. The conducted analyses and procedures verifying the model distribution of Jewish settlement in Israeli cities in 1948, 1967 and 1992 allowed to conclude that the highest stochastic concordance between the model accounting for the innovation diffusion theory elements, and the real distribution of Jewish settlement cities holds for 1948 and 1967. According to the diffusion innovation theory, these years correspond to the colonisation stage. The model diversifies from reality for late 1967, when network densification process was coming to an end and city competition stage was starting. Despite statistical validity of the hypotheses, the results show that besides the analysed factors influencing the development of Jewish urban settlement, other variables, not accounted for in the model, are also significantly influential.
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Mulyaningsih, Tri, Rutiana Wahyunengseh et Sri Hastjarjo. « Poverty and Digital Divide : A Study in Urban Poor Neighborhoods ». Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik 24, no 2 (26 mars 2021) : 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsp.52325.
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Literature suggests that the penetration of digital technology may create a digital divide, particularly for groups that lack resources and the capacity to access technology. This study is keen to examine the poverty and digital divide, particularly in urban poor areas. There are two research objectives. Firstly, to examine the digital diffusion and digital literacy within poor urban neighborhoods in the City of Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. Secondly, to understand the variation of digital diffusion and digital literacy across areas (with different levels of poverty), age groups, genders and occupations. The data is collected from surveys focused on measuring the access to information, digital diffusion and the use of technology among the poor. This study found that there is a digital divide problem among people in urban areas, especially among people with low incomes. Moreover, the diffusion is dominated by certain groups such as younger people and females. Furthermore, digital literacy among the poor is low. The policy implication is to improve access for digital diffusion and provide assistance to improve digital literacy skills.
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Eom, Hyuntae, et Myungje Woo. « Spatial Diffusion of Urban Decline and Major Factors Associated with The Diffusion ». Journal of korea Planners Association 51, no 2 (30 avril 2016) : 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17208/jkpa.2016.04.51.2.5.
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Berdoulay, Vincent, et Vicente Bielza de Ory. « Pour une relecture de l'urbanisme médiéval : processus transpyrénéens d'innovation et de diffusion ». Sud-Ouest européen 8, no 1 (2000) : 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rgpso.2000.2742.
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En rapprochant les expérimentations urbaines aragonaises, les bastides et les flux culturels liés aux chemins de Saint-Jacques de Compostelle, il est possible de jeter un regard nouveau sur l'évolution de l'urbanisme médiéval dans le Sud-Ouest européen. Après une clarification des enjeux théoriques et méthodologiques impliqués par le couple diffusion-innovation à propos de la morphodynamique urbaine, notamment de celle de la bastide, l'article insiste sur le rôle de la ville aragonaise comme incubateur d'innovation urbanistique dans le contexte des chemins de Saint-Jacques. Cette perspective permet d'envisager une approche transfrontalière de la valorisation du patrimoine urbain local.
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Dufka, Michaela, et Bohumil Dočekal. « Characterization of Urban Particulate Matter by Diffusive Gradients in Thin Film Technique ». Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry 2018 (2018) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9698710.
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A diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) technique was employed in characterization of the particulate matter related to the urban area suffering from heavy traffic. Kinetics of mobilization metals fluxes from the metal-contaminated particulate matter was investigated. To monitor responses of the particulate matter sample, DGT probes of various thickness of diffusion layer were deployed in aqueous model suspensions of the particulate matter for different time periods. Particulate matter samples and exposed DGT resin gels were decomposed in a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acid in a microwave pressurized PTFE-lined system. Total content of some traffic-related elements (Cd, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pd, Pt, Rh, Sb, and V) was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. DGT measurements revealed that two metals pools associated with particles could be recognized, which can be characterized as high soluble fraction and almost insoluble fraction. DGT-measured metal fluxes from the labile pool showed significant difference in mobilization and resupply fluxes of individual selected elements, which might reflect the origin of selected metals and their speciation in particulate matter. The DGT technique can be applied as a useful tool for characterization of metals mobilization from the particulate matter.
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Xu, Xiaodong, Guangbin Wang, Dongping Cao et Zhujing Zhang. « BIM Adoption for Facility Management in Urban Rail Transit : An Innovation Diffusion Theory Perspective ». Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (9 décembre 2020) : 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8864221.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Although building information modeling (BIM) has demonstrated to be an effective tool for the construction of urban rail transit worldwide, it has not gained the same popularity in the facility management (FM) of urban rail transit. The objective of this study is to investigate the BIM application areas for FM in urban rail transit from an innovation diffusion theory perspective, in order to gain efficient operation and maintenance (O&M) in urban rail transit. A total of 18 BIM application areas were first identified through semistructured interviews. A questionnaire survey was then conducted to further quantitatively characterize the relative advantage, ease of use, trialability, observability, and compatibility of these areas. Statistical analysis of the survey results provided evidence that, currently, BIM application areas directly related with facilities and equipment are most likely to be adopted. Correlation analysis further indicates that the perceived innovation diffusion characteristics of these BIM application areas significantly correlate with the development level of urban rail transit in different regions. The findings contribute to a broadened understanding of the complex innovation diffusion process of BIM for FM in urban rail transit and provide insights into how BIM can be more effectively adopted in the domain.
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Zuliani, Jean-Marc. « Les services aux entreprises dans le réseau des villes moyennes du Grand Sud-Ouest français : d'une organisation hiérarchisée à un maillage interurbain ? » Sud-Ouest européen 20, no 1 (2005) : 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rgpso.2005.2899.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La diffusion des services aux entreprises parmi les villes moyennes amorce une recomposition du fonctionnement et de l'organisation de l'armature urbaine du Grand Sud-Ouest français. Les services aux entreprises accroissent les différences déjà existantes entre les villes moyennes en raison de la représentation variable des branches de services qui connaissent toutes un essor croissant. Mais les conséquences les plus caractéristiques du renforcement des services aux entreprises à l'échelle des villes moyennes concernent le fonctionnement territorial du réseau urbain. Si les modèles de gravitation et de hiérarchie urbaine restent encore vivaces, le déploiement des services aux entreprises introduit des processus de concentration sectorielle et des logiques d'interrelations entre les villes moyennes elles-mêmes.
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Lenormand, Maxime, Bruno Gonçalves, Antònia Tugores et José J. Ramasco. « Human diffusion and city influence ». Journal of The Royal Society Interface 12, no 109 (août 2015) : 20150473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2015.0473.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cities are characterized by concentrating population, economic activity and services. However, not all cities are equal and a natural hierarchy at local, regional or global scales spontaneously emerges. In this work, we introduce a method to quantify city influence using geolocated tweets to characterize human mobility. Rome and Paris appear consistently as the cities attracting most diverse visitors. The ratio between locals and non-local visitors turns out to be fundamental for a city to truly be global. Focusing only on urban residents' mobility flows, a city-to-city network can be constructed. This network allows us to analyse centrality measures at different scales. New York and London play a central role on the global scale, while urban rankings suffer substantial changes if the focus is set at a regional level.
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Wach, Howard M. « Culture and the Middle Classes : Popular Knowledge in Industrial Manchester ». Journal of British Studies 27, no 4 (octobre 1988) : 375–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/385919.
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God bless my soul, sir … I am all out of patience with the march of mind. Here has my house been nearly burnt down, by my cook taking it into her head to study hydrostatics, in a sixpenny tract, published by the Steam Intellect Society, and written by a learned friend who is for doing all the world's business as well as his own, and is equally well qualified to handle every branch of human knowledge. [Thomas Love Peacock—Crotchet Castle (1831)]The diffusion of knowledge preoccupied middle-class elites in early industrial England. While factory production promised a future of material abundance, an unsettled and menacing social environment threatened this vision of endless progress. Education constituted a cornerstone of the liberal creed embraced by the industrial middle class, and diffusing knowledge offered the hope of raising up the “lower orders” to social responsibility and respectability. A properly arranged distribution of knowledge held out hope for an ordered and orderly social existence.But the diffusion of knowledge meant more than simply uplifting the working class. Its significance extends beyond the problematic historical question of “social control.” An utterly new society was rising in the industrializing urban agglomerations of provincial England. An expanding middle class of businessmen and professionals claimed this world as its own. They pursued political power on both local and national stages and fought for reform in economic and social policy. A strongly felt sense of stewardship prompted the industrial middle class to devote great resources and energies to shaping the new urban environment.
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Feng, Bin, et Xiao Jian Chen. « Spatial Diffusion Model Analysis and Trend of Shizuishan City ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (mai 2012) : 2370–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.2370.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The urban expansion direction and mode of Shizuishan City is addressed based on GIS and improved spatial diffusion model-replacing the spatial straight distance with cost weighted distance. This paper divides its spatial expansion into four cases: zero resistance, resistance, incomplete barrier and isolation. The diffusion model of urban space in terms of the new understanding of the resistance barrier in the spatial diffusion process is discussed. Then, this paper puts forward new trends of spatial development. The results reveal that Dawukou city area and Pingluo city, and Wuhai city and Huinong district form the coordination development tendency.
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Azzahra, Nadia, Tubagus Hasanudin et Suarno Sadar. « KOMPETENSI PENYULUH PERTANIAN LAPANGAN (PPL) DALAM DIFUSI INOVASI BUDIDAYA PADI ORGANIK PADA MASYARAKAT PETANI (KASUS DI KELURAHAN FAJAR ESUK, KECAMATAN PRINGSEWU, KABUPATEN PRINGSEWU) ». Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Agribisnis 7, no 2 (15 août 2019) : 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jiia.v7i2.247-254.
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This study aims to find out the extension worker competencies of organic rice innovation, the level of diffusion of the innovation, and factors related to the diffusion in farmer society in Fajar Esuk Urban Village Pringsewu Subdistrict. The location of this study was chosen purposively in Fajar Esuk Urban Village with 11 respondents. Data of this research were collected in August 2017 with a survey method. The research used descriptive analysis and nonparametric statistic Rank Spearman correlation test. The results of this research showed that the extension worker competencies on diffusion of organic rice cultivation innovation in farmer society is quite competent (middle class). The level of diffusion innovation of organic rice cultivation is in a medium class. Innovation characteristics variable (X2) has a significant correlation with diffusion of organic rice cultivation. However, the extension worker competencies(X1), society support (X3) and farmer’s perception about organic rice cultivation (X4) have no significant correlation with diffusion organic rice cultivation innovation in farmer society.Key words :competence, cultivation, diffusion, innovation, organic rice