Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Diffraction des rayons X sur monocristal »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Diffraction des rayons X sur monocristal"
Popescu, M., F. Sava, A. Lörinczi, I. N. Mihailescu, I. Cojocaru et G. Mihailova. « Diffraction de rayons X sur le silicium poreux ». Le Journal de Physique IV 08, PR5 (octobre 1998) : Pr5–31—Pr5–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:1998505.
Texte intégralMercurio, D., M. El Farissi, J. C. Champarnaud-Mesjard, B. Frit, P. Conflant et G. Roult. « Etude structurale par diffraction X sur monocristal et diffraction neutronique sur poudre de l'oxyde mixte Bi0.7La0.3O1.5 ». Journal of Solid State Chemistry 80, no 1 (mai 1989) : 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4596(89)90040-6.
Texte intégralKahloun, C., K. F. Badawi et A. Diou. « Incertitude sur l'analyse des contraintes par diffraction des rayons X ». Revue de Physique Appliquée 25, no 12 (1990) : 1225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rphysap:0199000250120122500.
Texte intégralMejia-Nuñez, Dulce M., Salvador Mastachi-Loza, Diego Martinez-Otero et Moises Romero-Ortega. « 4(S)-Benzyl-1,3-thiazolidin-2-one a Novel Chiral Auxiliary for Asymmetric Aldol Coupling through Titanium Enolates ». Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society 68, no 1 (1 janvier 2024) : 144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v68i1.2067.
Texte intégralPopescu, M., W. Hoyer, M. Stegarescu, A. Cornet et N. Broll. « Diffraction de rayons X sur les plaquettes de fer durcies par cyanuration ». Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) 118 (novembre 2004) : 351–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2004118041.
Texte intégralBachari, Khaldoun, Rabah Bouarab et Ouiza Chérifi. « Production d’Hydrogène via le Procédé Catalytique CH4 + CO2 ». Journal of Renewable Energies 4, no 2 (31 décembre 2001) : 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v4i2.1002.
Texte intégralBriki, F., B. Busson, J. Doucet, B. Salicru, F. Estève et F. Sarrot-Reynauld. « Diagnostic du cancer du sein par diffraction de rayons X sur des cheveux : rêve ou réalité ? » médecine/sciences 16, no 5 (2000) : 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/10608/1714.
Texte intégralBellotto, M., et M. Signes-Frehel. « Contribution à la détermination de la structure de l'alite par diffraction des rayons X sur poudres ». Le Journal de Physique IV 08, PR5 (octobre 1998) : Pr5–511—Pr5–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:1998565.
Texte intégralVives, S., E. Gaffet et C. Meunier. « Effet du broyage mécanique sur le profil de raies de diffraction des rayons x : cas du fer ». Matériaux & ; Techniques 92, no 10-11-12 (2004) : 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech:2004042.
Texte intégralLe Coze, Jean. « La trempe des aciers, points de vue techniques, historiques et scientifiques. Déblocage scientifique et développement des traitements thermiques au début du 20e siècle ». Matériaux & ; Techniques 110, no 2 (2022) : 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2022019.
Texte intégralThèses sur le sujet "Diffraction des rayons X sur monocristal"
Kenfack, Tsobnang Patrice. « Synthèse, caractérisation et étude du comportement à la déshydratation par diffraction des rayon X sur monocristal et poudre, de quelques composés supramoléculaires à base de métallo-tectons ioniques ». Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0243/document.
Texte intégralThis work, realized under the IUCr initiative, framework involves the structural study via X-ray diffraction, of some heteromolecular architectures formed by the association through non-covalent bonds, between the tris (oxalato) chromate (III) and tris (oxalato) ferrate (III) anions {[M(C2O4)3]3-, M = Cr, Fe} and the cationic complex of the 2-picolylamine (amp) and transition metal (Co2 +, Cu2 + and Mn2 +). Co2 + ion builds two-dimensional corrugated layers made of bimetallic chiral chains where the two different complex ions ([Cr(C2O4)3]3- and [Co(amp)3]3 +) are connected by hydrogen bonds. These layers, connected by weak hydrogen interactions, host between them, water molecules which build dodecameric clusters having new characteristics. The dehydrated compound has different structure and color and is able to quickly reabsorb water molecules from surrounding to regenerate the initial compound despite that it has no pores. Several cycles of this process do not seriously affect the crystalline quality of this compound. The compound obtained with the Cu2 + ion also has a two-dimensional framework. Their layers are formed between the dimeric cation [Cu2 (amp) 4Cl]3 + and the anion {[M(C2O4)3]3-,M = Cr, Fe}. Both compounds are iso-structural; their frameworks are formed via π - - - π interactions and build 1D channels which contain water molecules forming hexameric clusters. The compound undergoes a phase transition between 100 K and the dehydration temperature (341K). During this dehydration, a loss of symmetry of the compound is recorded and rehydration process is more difficult than for cobalt(III)-framework. The use of Mn2+ ions does not give the expected architecture but a new coordination polymer
Lebon, Alexandre. « Influence de la direction de polarisation sur la coexistence de phases et la structure en domaines du ferroélectrique - relaxeur Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 : une étude sur monocristal par diffraction des rayons X et diffusion Raman ». Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0707.
Texte intégralPb(Zn1l3Nb2/3)03 (PZN) is a complex lead based perovskite. This ferroelectric relaxor exhibits remarkable electromechanical properties that make necessary a study as a function of the direction of polarisation. In fact, even though the spontaneous polarisation is parallel to a <111> direction, its piezoelectric properties are optimised when the crystal is polarised along [001]. Spontaneously, the cubic → rhombohedral phase transition that occurs at Tc = 385 ± 5 K is diffuse in temperature. Rhombohedral microdomains appear within the cubic phase, as their number increases, they occupy all the crystal around 330 K. Below Tc, the application of an electric field along [111] induces a complex structure of rhombohedral macrodomains. These macrodomains of a few tens of microns are separated by regions that diffuse light and that belongs to {11O} plans. As the [001] direction of the applied electric field is concerned, a Monoclinic tetragonal phase coexistence is induced. In a field cooling process, a structure of 4 monoclinic microdomains is ordered symmetrically with respect to the direction of the electric field. All , our data enabled to build an electric field - temperature diagram (E-T) along [001]. At last, on the basis of structural data, a tetragonal symmetry is proposed for the nanopolar regions that give way to dielectric relaxation
Morançais, Amélie. « Effet du grenaillage sur la durée de vie des aubes monocristallines de turbine ». Thesis, Troyes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TROY0004/document.
Texte intégralShot-peening is widely used on roots of high pressure turbine blade to postpone crack initiation in stress concentration area. This pre-stressing introduces compressive residual stress and strain hardening in a surface layer which will influence lifetime. The aim of this thesis is to propose a methodology which allows taking into account the impact of such pre-stressing and their evolution on the fatigue behaviour of a single crystal nickel-based superalloy (AM1) used for high pressure turbine blades. Firstly, the experimental work is devoted to the determination of the initial mechanical state (residual stresses and strain hardening). Residual stresses are namely determined using X-ray diffraction involving the use of a specific method developed by Ortner. This experimental initial mechanical state is then introduced as an input in structure calculation. The well-known method involving the direct introduction of eigenstrain profiles is used and improved to also introduce strain hardening variables and the complete anisotropic mechanical state in all the integration points of the structure. The next step consist in following experimentally and modeling the evolution of these quantities under thermal and mechanical loads under an uniform temperature (650°C). Finally, the complete lifetime assessment is carried out on representative shot-peened samples. Results are discussed with respect to experimental fatigue tests
Dutta, Rajesh. « Etude in situ, par diffraction des rayons X et diffusion neutronique sur monocristaux, de la complexité structurale de l'oxyde fortement corrélé Pr2-xSrxNiO4+δ ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0754/document.
Texte intégralNon-stoichiometric oxides from the Ruddlesden-Popper series, such as Pr2NiO4+δ, can be hole-doped by substituting strontium to praseodymium or by oxygen insertion. This leads to complex structural ordering involving oxygen-, charge- and spin ordering. The complex phase diagram of Pr2-xSrxNiO4+δ was explored using X-ray (laboratory and synchrotron) as well as neutron diffractions. For the doped phase of highest oxygen content (Pr2NiO4.25), we could evidence an incommensurate structure with satellite reflections of 6th order, yielding a very complex diffraction pattern of up to four twin-individuals and eight incommensurate domains. Checkerboard-type charge ordering was identified already at ambient temperature, while stripe charge ordering was observed below 170 K by synchrotron and neutron diffraction; incommensurate spin ordering appears below 99 K. This thesis reveals the existence of many complex oxygen and electronically ordered phases going along with small variations of the oxygen/strontium stoichiometry
Ahumada, Toro Guillermo. « Synthèses et caractérisations spectroscopiques, structurales et électrochimiques de nouveaux complexes bases de Schiff symétriques contenant le groupe 2-thiényle électropolymérisable ». Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S075.
Texte intégralThe one-pot double condensation reaction of 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTAH) with primary diamines does not lead to the formation of the expected symmetric Schiff bases, but in the case of ethylenediamine (en) to a mixture of bis(trifluoroacetamide)ethylene and 7-(thiophene-2-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-diazepine derivatives, while only 4-trifluoromethyl-2-(thiophen-2-yl)-1,5-benzodiazepine was isolated starting from o-phenylenediamine. The templated condensation reaction between ethylenediamine and bis(β-diketonate)metal complexes [M(TTA)2(S)2] (M = Co, Ni, Cu) gave exclusively the corresponding octahedral compounds [M(TTA)2(en)], where the ethylenediamine ligand chelates the metal center. The symmetrical Schiff base ligands [H2N2O2] bearing the 2-thienyl and the trifluoromethyl groups were prepared in two steps by (i) double condensation of acetylthiophene and ethylenediamine to generate the expected diimine, and (ii) treatment of the diimine with trifluoroacetic acid. In their corresponding Schiff base complexes of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II), the metal ion is tetracoordinated in a square-planar environment. The coordination sphere is formed by the nitrogen and oxygen atoms of the dianionic tetradentate [N2O2]2- ligand. Those complexes as well as their analogues in which the CF3 group has been substituted for the 4-fluorophenyl unit, are inert toward electropolymerization. By contrast, replacement of the CF3 group by the parent methyl one allows electrochemical oxydation of the respective complexes and formation of an isolating deposit with passivation of the electrode and inhibition of the propagation of the polymerization. Interestingly, insertion of a conjugated p-phenylene unit between the 2-thienyl group and the CF3-substituted [M(N2O2] core permits the generation of a polythienyl-containing square planar Schiff base complexes of Ni(II) and Cu(II) films, and their deposition on an electrode using an electrochemical oxidation process
Syamala, Vishnu Vijayakumar. « Molecular organization in solid-state using sigma-hole interactions : Exploring the effect of crystalline environment ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2022_0214_VIJAYAKUMAR_SYAMALA.pdf.
Texte intégralUnderstanding the fundamentals of the formation and stabilization of non-covalent interactions is of paramount importance in the field of crystal engineering. In this direction, this thesis reports the crystallographic investigation of a sub-class of non-covalent interactions known as sigma-hole interactions. sigma-hole interactions are defined as those involving electrophilic sites (also called sigma-holes) associated to a covalently bonded atom belonging to either p-block (groups 13-18) or d-block (groups 8,11 and 12) of the periodic table, and nucleophilic sites coming from either the same or a different molecule. Depending upon the group of the atom on which the sigma-hole is present, the interaction can be further classified into various sub-classes. Out of these, we have focused on the cases of halogen bond (HaB) and chalcogen bond (ChB) interactions. As compared to the well-established case of hydrogen bonds (HB), the rationale behind the formation and stabilization of HaB and ChB are still less explored. This thesis is aimed exactly in such a direction, to provide a deeper insight into the characteristics of HaB and ChB interactions, mainly by understanding how the electron density is distributed among the interacting pair of atoms and how it eventually influences the molecular organization in solid-state. Two main stream topics of crystallography are covered during the course of this thesis: (i) high-pressure X-ray diffraction studies and (ii) charge density analysis. Structural and electronic investigations are carried out based on the data derived from single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) experiments performed either at ambient or extreme conditions. The so-obtained crystal structures were used to derive the electron density distribution in the periodic phases. The electron distributions of the molecular systems extracted from their crystalline environments were used to calculate the electrostatic potential in molecular surfaces and to carry out the topological analyses of the electron density and its laplacian function within the framework of the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) methodology. The effect of crystalline environments in tuning the properties of sigma-hole interactions is also explored in detail. The information gathered from such analyses is not only helpful to better understand the molecules in hands, but also to design new molecular patterns with the aim to control the structure-properties relationship in molecular crystals
Diologent, Frédérics. « Comportement en fluage et en traction de superalliages monocristallins à base de nickel ». Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112300.
Texte intégralWe have study the different mechanical behaviour (creep test performed at 760ʿC/840 MPa, 950ʿC/300 MPa, 1050ʿC/150 MPa, 1150ʿC/100MPa, and tensile test performed between 20ʿC and 1100ʿC) between a first generation single-crystal superalloy (AM1) and a new generation single-crystal superalloy (MC-NG). Difference between the chemistries of the two superalloys lies in the fact that MC-NG contrary to AM1 contains, among others, rhenium and ruthenium. Influence of the γ\γ' microstructures had been taking into account. We have identified parameters who control the superalloys creep deformation at 760ʿC. The difference of behaviour that we encounter between AM1 and MC-NG had been attributed to the solid solution strengthening of the γphase of the MC-NG which is higher than in the AM1. During creep comparison at 950ʿC and 1150ʿC we have enlighten the beneficial effect due to rhenium in the MC-NG who inhibit plasticity in the γphase trough different mechanisms. We have push forward our investigations concerning creep behaviour at 1050ʿC on these two alloys. In fact, previous studies had been shown the particular nature of the MC-NG creep curve compare to other superalloys at this temperature. We have identify mechanisms driving the early onset of the tertiary creep in the MC-NG case as well as lamellar γ\γ' microstructure destabilisation causes. Concerning tensile test, the aim was to understand in which extent 0,2\% yield stress was higher in the AM1 than in the MC-NG at low temperatures. Study of this behaviour according to temperature as well as dislocations structures examination allow us to conclude. So, the fact that MC-NG γ' phase be less alloying in titanium and tantalum than the AM1 one is responsible of this difference
Boulle, Alexandre. « Diffraction des rayons X sur couches d'oxydes épitaxiées : Elaboration et analyse microstructurale ». Limoges, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIMO0040.
Texte intégralThis work deals with microstructural analysis in oxide epitaxial layers. Specific acquisition methods have been developed, such as the so-called reciprocal space mapping technique. Experiments have been carried out on a home made diffractometer devoted to the study of nanostructured materials. This set-up allows very fast reciprocal space map acquisitions (e. G. A few tens of minutes) in a high resolution mode. The two-dimensional instrumental profile has been calculated taking into account each optical element in the beam path : the X-ray source, the four-bounce monochromator, the sample and the curved position sensitive detector. This study showed that the instrumental broadening can be as low as a few thousandth of degrees in most of the scanning modes. Two oxide systems have been investigated. The first one is the ferroelectric material SrBi2Nb2O9 deposited onto SrTiO3 by sol-gel coating. Integral breadth as well as Fourier analysis of the diffraction profiles showed that the samples contain stacking faults located along the c-axis. The microstructural analysis of Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 thin films deposited onto Al2O3 by sol-gel coating has been undertaken by profile modeling into several directions of reciprocal space taking into account physical parameters (the instrument and the microstructure). A peculiar epitaxial growth mechanism and a void/matter phase separation have been evidenced. Additionally it is shown that the layers are highly strained, and strain relaxation probably occurs by the introduction of misfit dislocations
Fajoui, Jamal. « Influence des hétérogénéités intragranulaires sur le comportement des matériaux métalliques sous sollicitations mécaniques ». Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2105.
Texte intégralMetal forming may often involve intense forming sequences, leading to large strains and severe strain path changes. These processes, very constraining for material, are limited by the appearance and the development of plastic instabilities and/or damage. Deductive methods based on strain mechanisms and scale transitions constitute relevant tools for a better comprehension. Two-level homogenization approaches are developed for the micromechanical modelling of the elastoplastic material behaviour. At the microscopic level, the mechanical behaviour is described by different scale transition models like self-consistent, Kröner or Mori-Tanaka. The grain is considered as a two-phase material : dislocations walls (with high density dislocation) and cells (with low density dislocation) and cells (with low density dislocation). The intragranular heterogeneities are highlighted by a non-local work-hardening, which is linked to the twophase description. Correct agreement is observed between simulations and experiments (X-ray diffraction, mechanical tests) results at the meso and macroscopic levels
Taiebi, Issam. « Etude de la conversion de l'isopropanol et de l'oxydation ménagée du propane sur hétéropolyanions déposés sur silice : nature des sites réactifs ». Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-265.pdf.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Diffraction des rayons X sur monocristal"
Taviot-Guého, C., F. Leroux, F. Goujon, P. Malfreyt et R. Mahiou. « Étude du mécanisme d'échange et de la structure des matériaux hydroxydes doubles lamellaires (HDL) par diffraction et diffusion des rayons X ». Dans UVX 2012 - 11e Colloque sur les Sources Cohérentes et Incohérentes UV, VUV et X ; Applications et Développements Récents, sous la direction de E. Constant, P. Martin et H. Bachau. Les Ulis, France : EDP Sciences, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/uvx/201301016.
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