Thèses sur le sujet « Diagraxms »
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1
Vandírková, Jana. « Procesně řízená organizace ». Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-261808.
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The subject of the master thesis Process driven organization is using UML language and BPMN methodology to model business processes of the selected organization, followed by using obtained diagrams organization for upgrade any of modeled diagram existing business processes leading to prosperity of the selected organization.
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Minářová, Alice. « Návrh a implementace programu pro převod UML struktur do programovacího jazyka ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-320115.
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This work deals with the problematics of conversion of UML diagrams to code. Initially, existing solutions in this field are analyzed. Based on the gained findings, a new tool is designed and implemened. It accepts UML class diagrams and database models from the free diagramming environment Dia and for each of these offers three target languages. The key feature of this tool is its modular design allowing new target languages to be added easily.
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Aurich, Jörg. « Einfügen von Beschriftungen und Kommentaren in Mathcad-Diagrammen ». Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-86907.
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Die Mathematiksoftware Mathcad hat sich bereits seit mehreren Jahren als Standardsoftware insbesondere in der Ausbildung an Universitäten, Fachhochschulen, Berufsschulen und Gymnasien etabliert. Die Vorteile liegen u.a. in der einfachen und mathematisch richtigen Darstellung von Gleichungen. Ebenso können Funktionsgraphen und Diagramme bequem und direkt im Arbeitsblatt erzeugt werden. Dies ist vor allem in der Ausbildung ein wesentlicher Vorteil gegenüber anderen Produkten, da auf diese Weise selbst umfangreiche Dokumentationen und Arbeitsblätter mit geringem Aufwand sehr anschaulich erstellt werden können.
Im Gegensatz z.B. zu Matlab existierte allerdings in Mathcad bisher keine Möglichkeit, in Diagrammen oder an Funktionsgraphen Kommentare anzubringen, um beispielsweise bestimmte Punkte einer Funktion zu beschriften. Des Weiteren fehlte bis jetzt auch eine Möglichkeit, in Mathcad grafisch dargestellte Prinzipskizzen schnell und einfach zu bemaßen.
Im Rahmen des Vortrags wird eine Möglichkeit aufgezeigt, in Diagrammen Beschriftungen einzufügen sowie grafische Darstellungen mit Bemaßungen unmittelbar in Mathcad zu erzeugen. Anhand mehrerer Beispiele werden die Funktionen erläutert und deren Anwendung live demonstriert.
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Světlíková, Barbora. « Statistická regulace výrobního procesu ve firmě ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222205.
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Using statistical methods to evaluate quality, it is possible to discover cases of non-accidental variances in quality-evaluating parameters and to analyse the reasons for their occurrence. The identification of these reasons enables their removal and the improvement of product quality. Routine evaluation of quality levels is facilitated by the employment of computer technology.
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Žvikaitė, Laura. « Voronojaus diagramos ir jų taikymai ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050603_092713-98814.
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In these theses are pepresented the Voronoi diagram and Network Voronoi diagram. The shortest path Dijkstra’s algorithm was modified in this way that calculates shortest paths from several Voronoi generators at the same time. The first result - partition of the nodes of the network. The seond result - arcs of the network are attributed to the generators, considering especially their direction and asymmetric costs. Applications allow compare Network Voronoi diagrams to Voronoi diagrams. For this puspose we modified Fortune algorithm. We made particular product for Taxi depot. The user can make his own implementation.
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Pavlavičius, Denas. « Klasių diagramos generavimas iš Java kalbos šaltinio tekstų ». Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100907_094622-82498.
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Sukurtos klasių diagramų generavimo iš Java kalbos šaltinio tekstų programos dokumentacija: reikalavimų bei architektūros specifikacijos, testavimo dokumentacija ir vartotojo vadovas.Created class diagram generation from Java source code program's documentation: requirements and artchitecture specifications, testing documentation and users manual.
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Mikulka, David. « Pokročilý nástroj pro monitorování Oracle Databáze ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-237133.
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This master's thesis describes possibilities of Oracle Database 10g and 11g monitoring. It let the reader know about practical tools for monitoring and describes the database's internal catalogs preserving statistics and the information about running database instances within history. Next, it describes design of an Oracle database monitoring tool, describtion of its implementation and at the end its evaluation and comparison with other similar applications.
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Kupčiūnienė, Ingrida. « Kompiuterinio raštingumo testavimo priemonių sudarymas, taikymas ir efektyvumo tyrimas ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2004. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2004~D_20040924_113717-34018.
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This Master’s thesis analyze application of information technology in education process, examination using testing method and possibility of computerized testing systems in Lithuanian schools.
Rapid development of information and communication technologies inevitably affect and change all spheres of the society including education. Moreover, new technologies change and enrich ordinary methods of examination. One of the most important tasks of the education system is to ascertain the level of knowledge acquired or in other words to examine pupils knowledge.
So, one of most easily computerized examination forms is testing method. This method has its own shortcomings, but is rather widespread due to its convenience and easy formalization.
A new general standard of computer literacy was prepared on 31st January 2002. Its aim is to ascertain the minimum skills of computer usage by pupils. This year the first school leavers well pass the test on computer literacy. The purpose of the test is to examine their knowledge of information technologies and the mastering level of minimum skills of computer usage.
Questionnaire of the teachers and pupils shows that testing method is acceptable and the computer in classes is awaited.
The aim of the master’s research is to analyze the efficiency of special computer programmers in developing and examining skills of computer literacy in secondary schools.
The tasks of research are to analyze the ways of testing, to prepare some tests... [to full text]
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Lutsyk, V. I., et V. P. Vorobeva. « Reasons for Contradiction of T-X-Y Diagram Au-Bi-Sb in “Atlas of Phase Diagrams for Lead-Free Soldering” ». Thesis, Sumy State University, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35472.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The paper describes how 3D computer models of phase diagrams may be used for searching and correction
of mistakes in projections and sections of phase diagrams, designed by known thermodynamic methods.
The system Au-Bi-Sb from the Atlas of Phase Diagrams for Lead-Free Soldering is an example to
demonstrate searching of mistakes and reconstruction of missing surfaces and phase regions with a help of
3D computer model of its T-x-y diagram.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35472
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Krämer, Steffen Martin [Verfasser]. « Diagrams of epidemiological knowledge in medical geography and public health surveillance : Diagramme epidemiologischen Wissens in Medizinischer Geografie und Gesundheitsüberwachung / Steffen Martin Krämer ». Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1221135414/34.
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Herrero, Bocco Bernardo. « Assessment of the ternary phase diagram on the stoichiometric and hypo-stoichiometric U-Nd-O system ». Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASC008.
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Cette thèse concerne l’étude expérimental et la modélisation thermodynamique du comportement des combustibles avancés utilisés dans les centrales nucléaires actuelles et de future génération. L’objet de la thèse est plus précisément l’étude du système ternaire (U-Nd-O) et pour comparaison du système ternaire (U-Ce-O). Ce système est particulièrement représentatif des produits de fissions accumulés dans le combustible pour des taux de combustion élevés mais aussi du dopage initial du combustible avec des poisons neutroniques utilisés dans des combustibles à fort taux d’enrichissement en mesure d’espacer les arrêts réacteur. L’étude de ce système présente des défis importants en raison du conflit ouvert entre phénomènes thermodynamiques et cinétiques. Il s’agit en effet d’un système hors équilibre où la mise en ordre à longue porté des structures locales est frustrée par la faiblesse du transport cationique dans la plage de températures d’intérêt pour les applications. Au cours de cette thèse, une révision de la littérature existante a motivé la fabrication d’échantillons aux caractéristiques bien définies par des méthodes de métallurgie des poudres et par des méthodes de chimie douce aboutissant à un contrôle des distributions des dopants. Les résultats obtenus par de nombreuses techniques de caractérisation (DRX, MEB, MET, XAS) sur des échantillons traités thermiquement dans des conditions oxydantes ou réductrices ont permis une réévaluation critique des diagrammes de phases actuellement utilisés. Nous avons pu proposer des modifications aboutissant à un nouveau diagramme de phases permettant une meilleure connaissance des limites d’utilisation des combustibles dans des conditions de sécurité optimalesThis thesis concerns the experimental study and thermodynamic modeling of the behavior of advanced fuels used in current and future generation nuclear power plants. The subject of the thesis is more precisely the study of the ternary system (U-Nd-O) and for comparison purposes of (U-Ce-O). This system is particularly representative of the fission products accumulated in the fuel for high combustion rates but also of the initial atomic substitutions in the fuel by neutron poisons, used in nuclear fuels with high enrichment levels and capable of spacing out nuclear reactor outages. The study of this system presents significant challenges due to the open conflict between thermodynamic and kinetic phenomena. It is indeed an out of equilibrium system where the long-range ordering of local structures is frustrated by the negligible of atomic transport in the cation sublattice in the range of temperatures of interest for applications. During this thesis, a review of the existing literature motivated the manufacture of samples with well-defined characteristics by powder metallurgy methods and by soft chemistry methods leading to a control of dopant distributions. The results obtained by numerous characterization techniques (XRD, SEM, TEM, XAS) on samples treated thermally under oxidizing or reducing conditions have allowed a critical re-evaluation of the phase diagrams currently used. We have modelled a new phase diagram that includes new experimental results. This allows a better knowledge of the limits of use of nuclear fuels respecting optimal safety conditions
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Martin, Catherine. « Méthodes d'étude des microémulsions et étude de diagrammes pseudoternaires ». Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P247.
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Blackwell, Alan Frank. « Metaphor in diagrams ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272809.
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Horák, Martin. « Návrh informačního systému ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225114.
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Liu, Jiaxiang. « Confluence properties of rewrite rules by decreasing diagrams ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX044/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse étudie la confluence des systèmes de récriture en l'absence de propriété de terminaison, pour des applications aux langages fonctionnels de premier ordre comme MAUDE, ou aux langages d'ordre supérieur comportant des types dépendants, comme Dedukti. Dans le premier cas, les calculs opérant sur des structures de données infinies ne terminent pas. Dans le second, les calculs non typés ne terminent pas à cause de la beta-réduction. Dans le cas où les calculs terminent, la confluence se réduit à celle des pics critiques, divergences minimales du calcul, obtenues à partir d'un terme médian appellé superposition qui se récrit de deux manière différentes en une paire de termes appellée critique. Dans le cas où les calculs ne terminent pas, le résultat majeur est que les calculs définis par des règles linéaires à gauche et sans paires critiques confluent. Il s'agit donc d'étendre ce résultat aux systèmes dont les règles peuvent être non-linéaires à gauche et avoir des paires critiques.L'étude la confluence est faite à partir de la méthode des diagrammes décroissants, qui généralise les techniques utilisées antérieurement aussi bien pour des calculs qui terminent que pour des calculs qui ne terminent pas. Cette technique est abstraite, en ce sens qu'elle s'applique à des relations arbitraires opérant sur un ensemble abstrait. Elle consiste à équipper chaque étape de calcul d'un label pris dans un ensemble bien fondé. Un pic de calcul, composé d'un terme se récrivant de deux manières différentes, possède un diagramme décroissant lorsque ses extémités peuvent se récrire en un terme commun avec des étapes de calcul satisfaisant des conditions de comparaison avec les labels du pic. La force de cette technique est sa complétude, c-a-d que toute relation confluente peut-être équippée d'un système de labels (par des entiers) pour lequel tous ses pics possèdent des diagrammes décroissants. Ce résultat est basé sur un théorème assez ancien de Klop, qui définit pour les systèmes non-terminant, uneespèce de forme normale sous la forme d'une suite infinie de récritures élémentaires, appellée "dérivation cofinale".Dans une première partie, nous révisitons les résultats de van Oostrom, et en proposons une preuve différente dans le but de les généraliser au cas des calculs dits "modulo", c-a-d dans des quotients, qui mèlent des règles et deséquations. Cette généralisation inclue la complétude, en faisant intervenir une généralisation de lanotion de dérivation cofinale dans le cas des calculs cohérents au sens de Jouannaud et Kirchner.La second partie de la thèse applique le théorème de van Oostrom et sa généralisation à des système (concrets) de récriture de termes, ainsi qu'à plusieurs priblèmes ouverts du domaine. L'application récente à des problèmes d'ordre supérieur tirés de la théorie des types dépendants ne fait pas partie de la thèseThis thesis is devoted to the confluence of rewrite systems in the absence of termination, for applications in first-order functional languages like MAUDE or higher-order languages with dependent types, as Dedukti. In the first case, the computations on infinite data structures do not terminate, while in the second case, untyped computations do not terminate because of beta-reduction. In the case where the computations terminate, confluence is reduced to that of critical peaks, the "minimal diverging computations", made of a minimal middle term called "overlap" which computes in two different ways, resulting in a so-called "critical pair". In the case of non-terminating computations, a main result is that left-linear rewrite rules that have no critical pairs are always confluent. This suggests that the notion of critical pairs plays a key role there too, but a general understanding of the confluence of non-terminating computations in terms of critical pairs is still missing.Our investigation of confluence is based on the decreasing diagrams method due to van Oostrom, which generalizes the techniques used previously for both terminating and non-terminating computations. The method is abstract in the sense that it applies to arbitrary relations on an abstract set. It equips each step of computations with a label taken from a well-founded set. A diverging computation, called peak, has a decreasing diagram if its extremities can be joined by steps whose direction and labels satisfy some constraints with respect to the peak's rewrites and labels. The strength of this technique is its completeness, that is, any confluent relation can be equipped with a well-founded set of labels such that all peaks have decreasing diagrams. The proof of completeness is based on Klop's notion of cofinal derivations, which is an infinite derivation playing the role of a normal form when computations do not terminate.In the first part, we revise the results of van Oostrom, and propose an alternative proof that extends the method to the "modulo" case, in which computations mix rewrite steps and equational steps. The completeness result is extended as well, via a generalization of cofinal derivations and the notion of strong coherence due to Jouannaud and Kirchner.The second part of the thesis applies the decreasing diagrams method and its generalization to concrete systems rewriting terms, as well as to several open problems. The recent application to the problems of higher-order computations in dependent type theory is not part of the thesis
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Kartašov, Maksim. « Veiklos diagramų modeliavimo sistemos sudarymas ir tyrimas ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060527_144628-10145.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Making electronic business systems, products of information technologies or solving real time tasks more and more IT specialists their designing work connect to UML language. The usage of this language provides opportunities to arrange documentation more simply, allows to communicate different position employees more easily, guarantee IT systems compatibility with business needs and requirements. One of the diagrams types used is activity diagram, which could be used to describe business processes, firms or its unit, compose official, activity or users instructions, show systems behaviour. Any investigative, designed or management activity at some cases is connected to modelling. Commonly designing systems, where parallel events could take place or, if necessary, to give an opportunity gradually, taking in account the reality, show events or state proceeding with the help of Petri nets. It is both graphical and mathematical design method. Designing activity diagrams of IT systems UML editors are used. To research and show events proceeding Petri nets are used. So the problem area is to compose a design system, which could transfer the elements of activity diagrams into Petri nets and model the functionality of the project. The major purpose of this study paper is to compose UML language activity diagrams modelling system, examine the functionality and design opportunities of system’s activity diagrams into Petri nets.
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Nakamura, Gerson Hiroshi de Godoy. « Análise térmica e diagramas de fase dos sistemas LiF - BiF3 e NaF - BiF3 ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-08072013-095337/.
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Investigações dos sistemas binários LiF-BiF3 e NaF-BiF3 foram realizadas com o objetivo de esclarecer o comportamento térmico e os equilíbrios de fase destes sistemas e das suas fases intermediárias, um requisito importante para a obtenção de cristais de alta qualidade. Amostras de toda a faixa de composições (0 a 100 mol% BiF3) de ambos os sistemas foram analisadas em ensaios de análise térmica diferencial (DTA) e termogravimetria (TG), e também de calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC). Algumas composições específicas foram selecionadas para difração de raios-X para complementação dos dados experimentais. Devido à grande vulnerabilidade do BiF3 à contaminação por oxigênio, sua volatilidade e propensão a danificar peças de metal quando aquecido, foi necessário determinar as condições ótimas para os ensaios de análise térmica antes de investigar os sistemas em si. As relações de fase no sistema LiF-BiF3 foram completamente elucidadas e um diagrama de fases foi proposto e avaliado teoricamente mediante o software comercial Factsage. O diagrama em si consiste em um sistema peritético simples, no qual o único composto interno, o LiBiF4 se decompõe em LiF mais uma fase líquida. O sistema NaF-BiF3 não pôde ser completamente elucidado, sendo que as relações de fase do lado pobre em NaF (> 50% BiF3) ainda não são conhecidas. No lado rico em NaF, entretanto, identificou-se a possível decomposição peritectóide do composto NaBiF4. Em ambos os sistemas, foram observadas estruturas cristalográficas discrepantes daquelas da literatura para os compostos mistos, LiBiF4 , NaBiF4 e uma solução sólida de NaF e BiF3 chamada de fase I. As estruturas observadas experimentalmente permanecem desconhecidas e explicações para as discrepâncias foram propostas.Investigations of the binary systems LiF-BiF3 and NaF-BiF3 were performed with the objective of clarifying the thermal behavior and phase equilibria of these systems and their intermediary phases, an important requisite for high-quality crystal growth. Several samples in the entire range of compositions (0 to 100 mol% BiF3) of both systems were subjected to experiments of differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetry (TG), and also of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A few specific compositions were selected for X-ray diffraction to supplement the experimental data. Due to the high vulnerability of BiF3 to oxygen contamination, its volatility and propensity to destroy metal parts upon heating, it was necessary to determine the optimal conditions for thermal analysis before investigating the systems themselves. Phase relations in the system LiF-BiF3 were completely clarified and a phase diagram was calculated and evaluated via the commercial software Factsage. The diagram itself consists in a simple peritectic system in which the only intermediary compound, LiBiF4, decomposes into LiF and a liquid phase. The NaF-BiF3 system could not be completely elucidated and the phase relations in the NaF poor side (> 50% BiF3) are still unknown. In the NaF rich side, however, the possible peritectoid decomposition of the compound NaBiF4 was identified. In both systems X-ray diffraction yielded crystal structures discrepant with the literature for the intermediary phases, LiBiF4, NaBiF4 and a solid solution of NaF and BiF3 called I. The observed structures remain unknown and explanations for the discrepancies were proposed.
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Rannou, Pierre. « Réécriture de diagrammes et de Sigma-diagrammes ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4063.
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Peaks andThe main subject of this thesis is diagram rewriting.This is a generalisation to dimension~$2$ of word rewriting (in dimension~$1$). In a first time, we give the first convergent diagrammatic presentation of the PRO of linear maps in arbitrary field. Then we study the convergent diagrammatic presentation of matrix of isometries of $RR^n$. We focus especially on a rule similar to the Yang-Baxter equation, described by a certain map $h$. We use the confluence of critical the parametric diagrams, To study the algebraic properties of $h$, Finally, we present the $Sigma$-diagrams, an alternative approach for calculation in bialgebras. We illustrate this approach with examples. The last two chapters have been already published: Diagram rewriting for orthogonal matrices: a study of critical peaks, avec Yves Lafont, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 5117, p. 232-245, 2008 Properties of co-operations: diagrammatic proofs, Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 22(6), p. 970-986, 2012The main subject of this thesis is diagram rewriting.This is a generalisation to dimension~$2$ of word rewriting (in dimension~$1$). In a first time, we give the first convergent diagrammatic presentation of the PRO of linear maps in arbitrary field. Then we study the convergent diagrammatic presentation of matrix of isometries of $RR^n$. We focus especially on a rule similar to the Yang-Baxter equation, described by a certain map $h$. We use the confluence of criticalthe parametric diagrams, To study the algebraic properties of $h$, Finally, we present the $Sigma$-diagrams, an alternative approach for calculation in bialgebras. We illustrate this approach with examples. The last two chapters have been already published: Diagram rewriting for orthogonal matrices: a study of critical peaks, avec Yves Lafont, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 5117, p. 232-245, 2008 Properties of co-operations: diagrammatic proofs, Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 22(6), p. 970-986, 2012
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Silva, Antonio Augusto Araújo Pinto da. « Thermodynamic modeling and critical experiments on the Al-Fe-Nb system ». Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0148.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les diagrammes d’équilibre sont le point de départ et la ligne directrice qui permet de prévoir et contrôler les phases pouvant se former au cours de différents processus industriels. Bien que l’étude expérimentale soit nécessaire pour les systèmes binaires et ternaires, elle est difficilement envisageable pour déterminer les diagrammes de phases des systèmes d’ordre supérieur sur de larges gammes de composition et de température. Afin de contourner ce problème, la méthode dite CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) a été développée. Son principe consiste à optimiser les paramètres des modèles thermodynamiques utilisés pour décrire l´énergie libre de Gibbs de chaque phase à partir d’informations expérimentales ou estimées (ab-initio). Le modèle appelé « Compound Energy Formalism » (CEF) est largement utilisé pour décrire les phases qui présentent plusieurs sous-réseaux. Ce modèle et ceux qui en dérivent permettent la modélisation d'une grande variété de composés. Les activités menées au cours de ce travail ont permis de développer une nouvelle approche du CEF (NACEF) basée sur une étude mathématique de ses paramètres thermodynamiques. Elle a conduit à une nouvelle formulation de la fonction d'énergie libre de Gibbs faisant intervenir de nouveaux paramètres indépendants. Cette nouvelle approche a été utilisée dans le cadre de ce travail afin de modéliser les phases intermétalliques binaires constituée de deux sous-réseaux présentant des défauts uniquement de type anti-sites (A,B)a(A,B)b. Le système Al-Fe-Nb sur lequel porte notre étude a été choisi en raison de son importance dans la fabrication de nombreuses familles d'alliages tels que les aciers, les alliages légers et plus récemment dans le développement de nouveaux matériaux réfractaires à base Nb pour des applications à hautes températures. Dans ce travail, de nouvelles modélisations des bordures binaires Al-Nb et Fe-Nb et pour la première fois du ternaire Al-Fe-Nb sont proposées en utilisant la NACEF et en s’appuyant sur les informations issues de la littérature ou obtenues dans cette étudeThe equilibrium diagrams are the starting point and the guideline to predict and control the microstructure that will form during processing materials. Despite experiments being necessary in binaries and ternaries systems, it is difficult to experimentally determine phase diagrams of higher orders systems over wide ranges of compositions and temperature. The CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) method was developed in order to solve this problem. The essence is to optimize the parameters of thermodynamic models that describe the Gibbs free energies of each phase aiming to reproduce the experimental and estimated (ab-initio) data. The compound energy formalism (CEF) is widely used in order to describe phases which present several sublattices. It allows the modeling of a large variety of phases and numerous methods have been developed to treat different situations. The activities in this work developed a new approach of the CEF (NACEF) based on a mathematic analysis of the parameters which leads to a new formulation of the Gibbs free energy function evolving new independent parameters in which new independent parameters are obtained to express the Gibbs free energy. This approach was used in this work to describe the intermetallic phases with two-sublattice in which the only defect type is anti-sites (A,B)a(A,B)b. The Al-Fe-Nb system was chosen due to its importance for the manufacturing process of several families of alloys currently used, e.g. steels, light alloys, and also for the development of new materials for high temperatures application. The binaries Al-Nb and Fe-Nb were reassessed and the Al-Fe-Nb system was assessed for the first time using literature information and new experimental data
Os diagramas de equilíbrio são o ponto de partida e a diretriz para prever e controlar a microestrutura ao final do processamento de um material. Apesar de experimentos serem necessários em sistemas binários e ternários, é muito difícil determinar experimentalmente diagramas de fase de sistemas de ordens superiores numa vasta amplitude de composições e temperatura. A fim de solucionar este problema, o método CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) foi desenvolvido. A essência consiste em aperfeiçoar os parâmetros de modelos termodinâmicos que descrevem as energias livres de Gibbs de cada fase de modo a reproduzir as informações experimentais ou estimadas (ab-initio). O compound energy formalism (CEF) é amplamente utilizado para descrever fases que apresentam várias sub-redes. Ele permite a modelagem de uma grande variedade de fases e vários métodos têm sido desenvolvidos para o tratamento de diferentes situações. As atividades deste trabalho ajudaram a desenvolver uma nova abordagem para o CEF (NACEF) com base em um estudo matemático dos seus parâmetros termodinâmicos que levou a uma nova formulação para função da energia livre de Gibbs envolvendo novos parâmetros independentes. Esta nova abordagem tem sido utilizado como parte do presente trabalho para modelar fases intermetálicas binárias constituídas de sub-redes cujo único defeito é do tipo anti-sítio (A,B)a(A,B)b. O sistema Al-Fe-Nb foi escolhido devido a sua importância para o processo de fabricação de diversas famílias de ligas usadas atualmente, e.g. aços, ligas leves e, além disto, é um sistema importante para o desenvolvimento de materiais para aplicações em altas temperaturas. Neste trabalho os binários Al-Nb e Fe-Nb foram reavaliados e o sistema Al-Fe-Nb foi modelado pela primeira vez utilizando as informações da literatura e novos dados experimentais
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Li, Zhongmou. « Heegaard diagrams and applications ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ48654.pdf.
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Kelly, Andrew James. « Groups from link diagrams ». Thesis, University of Warwick, 1990. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/63616/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis is an attempt to generalise the methods of the Wirtinger presentation for obtaining groups which are invariants of a classical link. It is closely allied to the ideas of Joyce on quandles. In it are produced a number of groups which are obtained by associating two generators to each arc of a link projection, and two relations to each crossing. Some properties of these invariants are established.
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Stapleton, Gemmelia Eve. « Reasoning with constraint diagrams ». Thesis, University of Brighton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406766.
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Kontovourkis, Odysseas. « Computer-generated circulation diagrams ». Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512302.
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The way in which computers are used is important in the theory, philosophy and practice of architecture. Architects are already using computers to construct complex three dimensional geometric models of their buildings and are beginning to analyse these models using environmental and structural software, a development which raises new questions about the role of architects and engineers. This dissertation puts forward the hypothesis that architects will at times need to be actively involved in computer programming by writing or modifying software. The hypothesis is based on the assumption that the form of a building and its spatial configuration are influenced by the nature of the design process itself. If architects are to have a complete and subtle control over design and to identify their own personal aesthetic language, they must also have control over the design process including the way computer software tools are developed and used. The hypothesis is tested using the example of a ferry terminal, a building type whose function is largely dominated by passenger circulation. Even thought passengers have a very straightforward aim to reach their final destination, the rules governing the way passengers move around the building are complex and a single computer program will not be able to cover all possible aspects of such behaviour. Thus, architects must have the freedom to formulate different rules and study the effects they have on their design. This particularly applies in non-emergency situations when each individual moves inside the building according to different needs and desires. A program was written which runs in real time so that the architect can see the effect of changing the parameters that control the process. The program can be used as evaluation mechanism to study the performance of postulated design or it can be use as creative mechanism where the design may emerge out of the process in the same way that animals create paths in the woods. Either way, the general aim is to optimize the design according to criteria over which the architect, again, must have complete control.
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Cire, Andre Augusto. « Decision Diagrams for Optimization ». Research Showcase @ CMU, 2014. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/538.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Decision diagrams are compact graphical representations of Boolean functions originally introduced for applications in circuit design, simulation, and formal verification. Recently, they have been considered for a variety of purposes in optimization and operations research. These include facet enumeration in integer programming, maximum flow computation in large-scale networks, solution counting in combinatorics, and learning in genetic programming techniques. In this dissertation we develop new methodologies based on decision diagrams to tackle discrete optimization problems. A decision diagram is viewed here as a graphical representation of the feasible solution set of a discrete problem. Since such diagrams may grow exponentially large in general, we work with the concept of approximate decision diagrams, first introduced by Andersen et al (2007). An approximate decision diagram is a graph of parameterized size that represents instead an over-approximation or under-approximation of the feasible solution set. Thus, it can be used to obtain either bounds on the optimal solution value or primal solutions to the problem. As our first contribution, we provide a modeling framework based on dynamic programming that can be used to specify how to build a decision diagram of a discrete optimization problem and how to approximate it, which facilitates the encoding process of a problem to a diagram representation. We then present a branching scheme that exploits the recursive structure of an approximate diagram, establishing a novel generic solver for discrete optimization problems. Computational results in classical optimization problems show that more instances can be solved in less computation time using our approach than mathematical programming techniques. In particular, we were able to reduce the known optimality gap of benchmark instances of the maximum cut problem. In our second contribution, we focus on the application of approximate diagrams to particular domains; namely, to sequencing problems, common in the context of routing and scheduling, and to timetable problems. We indicate that, besides the computation of bounds, approximate decision diagram can be used to deduce non-trivial constraints of a problem, such as precedence relations between jobs in scheduling applications. We show that such inference can be incorporated into state-of-the-art solvers and speed-up the optimization process by orders of magnitude. Finally, we propose new parallelization strategies that exploits the recursive structure of an approximate diagram. These strategies decouple a problem in a naturally loose fashion and allow for more effective load balancing heuristics when considering hundreds of computer cores.
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Fasan, Mary Oluwasola. « Distributed binary decision diagrams ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5411.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (MSc (Mathematical Sciences)--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs) are data structures that have been used to solve various problems in different aspects of computer aided design and formal verification. The large memory and time requirements of BDD applications are the major constraints that usually prevent the use of BDDs since there is a limited amount of memory available on a machine. One way of overcoming this resource limitation problem is to utilize the memory available on a network of workstations (NOW). This requires the distribution of the computation and memory requirements involved in the manipulation of BDDs over a NOW. In this thesis, an algorithm for manipulating BDDs on a NOW is presented. The algorithm makes use of the breadth-first technique to manipulate BDDs so that various BDD operations can be started concurrently on the different workstations on the NOW. The design and implementation details of the distributed BDD package are described. The various approaches considered in order to optimize the performance of the algorithm are also discussed. Experimental results demonstrating the performance and capabilities of the distributed package and the benefits of the different optimization approaches are given.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Binêre besluitnemingsbome (BBBs) is data strukture wat gebruik word om probleme in verskillende areas van Rekenaarwetenskap, soos by voorbeeld rekenaargesteunde ontwerp en formele verifikasie, op te los. Die tyd- en spasiekoste van BBB-gebaseerde toepassings is die hoofrede waarom BBBs nie altyd gebruik kan word nie; die geheue van ’n enkele is ongelukkig te beperkend. Een manier om hierdie hulpbronprobleem te omseil, is om die gedeelde geheue van die werkstasies in ’n netwerk van werkstasies (Engels: “network of workstations”, oftewel, ’n NOW) te benut. Dit is dus nodig om die berekening en geheuevoorvereistes van die BBB bewerking oor die NOW te versprei. Hierdie tesis bied ’n algoritme aan om BBBs op ’n NOW te hanteer. Die algoritme gebruik die breedte-eerste soektegniek, sodat BBB operasies gelyklopend kan uitvoer. Die details van die ontwerp en implementasie van die verspreide BBB bilbioteek word beskryf. Verskeie benaderings om die gedrag van die biblioteek te optimeer word ook aangespreek. Empiriese resultate wat die werkverrigting en kapasiteit van die biblioteek meet, en wat die uitwerking van die onderskeie optimerings aantoon, word verskaf.
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Narayanan, N. Hari. « Imagery, diagrams and reasoning / ». The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487779120907533.
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Rein, Judith Ann. « Variables and Venn diagrams ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289244.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Venn diagrams were invented by John Venn in 1880 as an aid in logical reasoning. Since then, the diagrams have been used as an aid in understanding and organization for widely diverse audiences (e.g., elementary school children, business people) and widely diverse content areas (e.g., self-improvement courses, statistics). In this dissertation, Venn diagrams are used to illustrate and explain variable relationships. There are three main foci: (a) correlation and interaction, (b) variables and Venn diagrams, and (c) reliability and Venn diagrams. Confusion between correlation and interaction is explained, and the multicollinearity problem is illustrated using a Venn diagram composed of three circles and a horse-shoe shaped figure. Venn diagrams are presented for these variables: moderator; concrete and hypothetical intervening; component; traditional, negative, and reciprocal suppressor; covariate; disturbance; and confound. Venn diagrams are also used to differentiate among within-subjects, between-subjects, and reliability designs. Last, a detailed example, which assumes basic knowledge of classical test theory and generalizability theory, is presented to help illustrate, using Venn diagrams, the role of error variance in performance assessments. Evaluation based on comments of 13 American Educational Research Association, Division D, listserve members and 7 non-members was positive, and interest in the topic was shown by over 100 visits to the website where a portion of the dissertation was posted.
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Vosylius, Audrius. « Voronoi diagramų braižymas ląsteliniu automatu ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050606_192058-10796.
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In this work Voronoi diagrams which are drawn by the cellular automaton are discussed. The square and hexagon cellular automata were created and used for drawing Voronoi diagrams. As a result of using the created programs Voronoi diagrams, which are obtained in case of two and more dots, are observed. The following results of the research were achieved: § Voronoi diagram can be obtained by the cellular automaton. § Voronoi diagrams, which were obtained, are not precise due to different speed of movement in different directions. § In square - cell case the obtained diagrams depend on the chosen situation of the neighbors. § In hexagon - cell case the obtained Voronoi diagrams are more but not completely precise. The mathematic calculations are not being made while creating Voronoi diagrams by the cellular automaton.. The diagrams are obtained in short period of time. It is possible to watch the process of the diagram creation. A lot of computer's operation time is lost not during the calculation but for re-drawing the obtained image. This is the reason why it is necessary to optimize the image creating algorithm.
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Simonetto, Paolo. « Diagrammes d’Euler pour la visualisation de communautés et d’ensembles chevauchants ». Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14386/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une méthode pour la visualisation d'ensembles chevauchant et de basé sur les diagrammes d'Euler. Les diagrammes d'Euler sont probablement les plus intuitifs pour représenter de manière schématique les ensembles qui partagent des éléments. Cette métaphore visuelle est ainsi un outil puissant en termes de visualisation d'information. Cependant, la génération automatique de ces diagrammes présente encore de nombreux problèmes difficiles. Premièrement, tous les clustering chevauchants ne peuvent pas être dessinées avec les diagrammes d'Euler classiques. Deuxièmement, la plupart des algorithmes existants permettent uniquement de représenter les diagrammes de dimensions modestes. Troisièmement, les besoins des applications réelles requièrent un processus plus fiable et plus rapide.Dans cette thèse, nous décrivons une version étendue des diagrammes d'Euler. Cette extension permet de modéliser l'ensemble des instances de la classe des clustering chevauchants. Nous proposons ensuite un algorithme automatique de génération de cette extension des diagrammes d'Euler. Enfin, nous présentons une implémentation logicielle et des expérimentations de ce nouvel algorithmeIn this thesis, we propose a method for the visualisation of overlapping sets and of fuzzy graph clusterings based on Euler diagrams.Euler diagrams are probably the most intuitive and most used method to depict sets in which elements can be shared. Such a powerful visualisation metaphor could be an invaluable visualisation tool, but the automatic generation of Euler diagrams still presents many challenging problems. First, not all instances can be drawn using standard Euler diagrams. Second, most existing algorithms focus on diagrams of modest dimensions while real-world applications typically features much larger data. Third, the generation process must be reliable and reasonably fast.In this thesis, we describe an extended version of Euler diagrams that can be produced for every input instance. We then propose an automatic procedure for the generation of such diagrams that specifically target large input instances. Finally, we present a software implementation of this method and we describe some output examples generated on real-world data
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TOLEDO, Saulo Soares de. « Recommender Systems for UML Class Diagrams ». Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2016. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/699.
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Modelos UML são usados de várias formas na engenharia de software. Eles podem modelar desde requisitos até todo o software, e compreendem vários diagramas. O diagrama de classes, o mais popular dentre os diagramas da UML, faz uso de vários elementos UML e adornos, tais como abstração, interfaces, atributos derivados, conjuntos de generalização, composições e agregações. Atualmente, não há maneira fácil de encontrar este tipo de diagrama com base nestas características para a reutilização ou a aprendizagem por tarefas de exemplo. Por outro lado, Sistemas de Recomendação são ferramentas e técnicas que são capazes de descobrir os elementos mais adequados para um usuário, dentre muitos outros. Existem várias técnicas de recomendação, que usam informações dos elementos de várias maneiras, ao uso da opinião de outros usuários. Sistemas de recomendação já foram utilizadas com sucesso em vários problemas da engenharia de software, a exemplo da recomendação de partes de código para reuso (como métodos,por exemplo) e da identificação do desenvolvedor mais adequado para trabalhar em certas áreas do software. Este trabalho tem como objetivo propor e avaliar (i) uma representação baseada em conteúdo para diagramas de classe e as preferências do usuário, (ii) um novo algoritmo de recomendação baseado no conhecimento, (iii) a aplicação deste algoritmo e outros dois outros do estado da parte para a recomendação de diagramas de classe UML e (iv) uma avaliação destas abordagens contra uma sugestão aleatória. Para atingir este objetivo, foi realizado um estudo de caso com estudantes de ciência da computação e egressos. Depois de comparar os algoritmos, os nossos resultados mostram que, para o nosso conjunto de dados, todos eles são melhores do que uma recomendação aleatória.
UML models are used in several ways in the software engineering. They can model from requirements to the entire software, and comprise several diagrams. The Class diagram, the most popular among the UML diagrams, makes use of several UML elements and adornments, such as abstraction, interfaces, derived attributes, generalization sets, compositions and aggregations. Currently, there is no easy way to find this kind of diagram based on these features for reuse or learning by example’s tasks, for instance. On the other hand, Recommender Systems are powerful tools and techniques that are able to discover the most appropriate elements to an user among many others. There are several recommender techniques, from using the elements’ information in several ways, to using other users’ opinions. Recommender systems were already used successfully in several software engineering problems, as discovering pieces of code to recommend (as methods, for example) and finding the best developer to work in certain software problems. This work aims to propose and evaluate (i) a content-based Recommender System’s representation for class diagrams’ features and user’s preferences, (ii) a new knowledge-based recommender algorithm, (iii) the application this algorithm and two other state of the art content-based on esto the recommendation of UML class diagrams and (iv) an evaluation of these approaches against a random suggestion. To achieve this goal, we conducted a case study with computer science students and egresses. After comparing the algorithms, our results show that, for our dataset, all of them are better than a random recommendation.
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Junius, Niels. « Développements instrumentaux pour le contrôle de la cristallisation par la dialyse : approche microfluidique et analyse aux rayons X ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY032/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La cristallisation des protéines est une étape cruciale dans l’élucidation de la structure tridimensionnelle des protéines. C’est un processus très délicat qui dépend de nombreuses variables environnementales dont le contrôle précis est difficile, voire impossible, dans les installations typiquement utilisées. Des approches basées sur la parallélisation massive des expériences et la réduction du volume d’échantillon par expérience, pour trouver les conditions initiales de cristallisation, montrent leur relative efficacité dans la recherche de ces conditions initiales mais aussi leurs limites quant à l’optimisation des cristaux obtenus.La méthode présentée dans cette thèse diffère de ce paradigme. La démarche proposée est une approche séquentielle plutôt que la parallélisation d’expériences et est basée sur la connaissance des diagrammes de phase. Cette thèse repose sur une suite de développements d’instruments mis en oeuvre pour maîtriser et rationaliser la cristallisation par la méthode de la dialyse, permettant ainsi l’exploration des diagrammes de phases sans consommer l’échantillon de protéine.Il en résulte un dispositif microfluidique permettant la cristallisation de protéines par la méthode de la dialyse, l’utilisation d’un flux continu d’agent de cristallisation et par conséquent l’échange continu de conditions de cristallisation ainsi que le contrôle de la température au cours de l’expérience. Il est compatible avec le rayonnement X pour la collecte de données de diffraction in situ sur les cristaux ayant poussés dans la puce microfluidique. Ce système microfluidique est basé sur la miniaturisation du banc de cristallisation qui a été amélioré d’un point de vue : de l’électronique pour l’automatisation, du transport de fluides pour le fonctionnement en flux continu, du développement logiciel pour le contrôle des paramètres de cristallisation, de la mécanique pour améliorer la cellule de dialyse et la thermorégulation, et enfin par l’intégration d’un système UV permettant de réaliser des mesures d’absorbance in situ qui offre pour l’avenir la possibilité de mesurer la solubilité de protéine au cours d’une expérience de cristallisation par la dialyse.Finalement les développements instrumentaux et méthodologiques ont été validés par la cristallisation de plusieurs protéines modèles dont les cristaux ont diffractés aux rayons X avec succès. En outre le transport d’espèces en solution par la dialyse a été étudié par une approche combinée expérimentale et théoriqueProtein crystallization is a key step in elucidating three-dimensional structure of proteins. This very sensitive process depends on many variables that are difficult to control precisely or simultaneously in the existing facilities. Instrumentation developments have concentrated on massive parallel experiments and sample volume reduction used by experiment. With this approach it is relatively easy to find initial crystallization conditions but their optimization to yield well diffracting crystals often proves to be more difficult.The method presented herein differs from the current paradigm, since we propose serial instead of parallel experiments based on the knowledge of phase diagrams. This project is based on a series of developments of instruments used to control and rationalize crystallisation using dialysis method, thus allowing phase diagrams exploration without consuming large quantity of protein sample.This results in a microfluidic device that allows crystallization of proteins by dialysis method, use of a continuous flow of crystallization agent and therefore continuous exchange of crystallization conditions as well as temperature control during experiment. It provides X-rays compatibility for in situ diffraction data collection of crystals grown in the microfluidic chip. This microfluidic system is based on the miniaturization of the crystallization bench which has been improved on electronics for automation, fluid transport to operate at a continuous flow, software development for the control of crystallization parameters, mechanics to improve both dialysis cell and thermoregulation, and finally by the integration of a UV system to perform in situ absorbance measurements that provide the future possibility to measure the solubility of proteins in a dialysis crystallization experiment.Finally both instrumental and methodological developments have been validated by the crystallization of several model proteins whose crystals diffracted succesfully X-rays. Furthermore understanding of the transport of species in solution by dialysis was investigated by combined experimental and theoretical approaches
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Anzellini, Simone. « Phase diagram of iron under extreme conditions measured with time resolved methods ». Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066155/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse concerne l'étude du diagramme de phase du fer en conditions extrêmes de pression et température. La Terre possède un noyau interne solide et un noyau externe liquide, qui sont principalement composés de fer. Une détermination fiable de la température de fusion du fer à 330 GPa, pression au-delà de laquelle le noyau terrestre est solide, permet de contraindre la température du noyau, ce qui est essentiel pour comprendre la dynamique terrestre. Le diagramme de phase du fer a été étudié jusqu'à 200 GPa en cellule à enclumes de diamant chauffée par laser utilisant la diffraction par rayon X comme diagnostic de l¿apparition de la fusion. Les températures obtenues sont en accord avec celles mesurées par compression dynamique, aux incertitudes expérimentales près, et sont plus élevées que celles obtenues lors de précédentes expériences statiques utilisant un critère de fusion différent. L'appareil, les méthodes et la métrologie utilisés pour les expériences en cellule à enclume de diamant chauffée par laser sont présentées ainsi que les problèmes rencontrés dans les expériences statiques à de telles conditions extrêmes. La possibilité d'utiliser le signal de diffraction des rayons X du joint en Re à des fins d'étalonnage de la pression pour l'expérimentation dans le domaine du multi-Mbar est aussi abordée. Dans ce but, l'équation d¿état du Re a été mesurée à 144 GPa. En fin, un test préliminaire a été effectué pour vérifier la possibilité d'utiliser la spectroscopie d'absorption des rayons X en dispersion d'énergie comme une technique complémentaire à la diffraction des rayons X pour la détermination de la courbe de fusion du ferThis thesis concerns the study of the phase diagram of iron at extreme conditions of pressure and temperature. Iron is the main constituent of the terrestrial planetary cores. In particular, the Earth has a solid inner core and a liquid outer core which are mainly composed of iron. The accurate determination of the melting temperature of iron at the inner core boundary pressure, 330 GPa, would provide an important constraint on the temperature of the core, which is essential to understand how the dynamic Earth works. The phase diagram of iron has been investigated in laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiments up to 200 GPa using synchrotron-based fast X-ray Diffraction as a primary melting diagnostic. The obtained melting temperatures agree within the experimental uncertainties with the ones obtained from shock wave experiments and are higher than those reported by previous static experiments, where a different melting criterion was used. The apparatus, methods and metrology used in the static laser heated diamond anvil cell are discussed together with the issues encountered in static experiments at such extreme conditions. The possibility of using the X-ray diffraction signal of Re gasket for pressure calibration purpose for experiment in the multi-Mbar range is also discussed. For this purpose, Re equation of state has been measured up to 144 GPa. Finally, a preliminary test has been performed to check the possibility of using energy dispersive X-ray absorption spectroscopy as a technique complementary to fast X-ray diffraction in the investigation of the melting curve of iron
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Santana, Juliana Exel 1986. « Representação da área de responsabilidade de jogadores de futebol através do Diagrama de Voronoi ». [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/274723.
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Orientador: Sérgio Augusto CunhaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física
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Resumo: O desempenho de jogadores de futebol de elite durante uma partida é diretamente influenciado por fatores físicos, psicológicos, técnicos, táticos e entre outros. Um suporte científico capaz de buscar e aplicar metodologias que quantifiquem esses fatores é uma fonte importante de informações para que técnicos e treinadores tenham melhores condições de efetuar uma boa preparação da sua equipe. Dentro dos estudos cinemáticos no esporte, a videogrametria tem se mostrado uma ferramenta acurada para a obtenção da posição dos jogadores em função do tempo. Dentro dos aspectos táticos de um jogo de futebol, a forma como uma equipe divide o campo em áreas de responsabilidade e como essa distribuição se dá ao longo do jogo pode ser descrita através de técnicas matemáticas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo será apresentar uma forma de representação da área de responsabilidade de jogadores de futebol durante partidas oficiais, através do Diagrama de Voronoi. Para tal, foram coletadas as imagens de 4 jogos de futebol. Os processos de segmentação das imagens e de rastreamento dos jogadores para a obtenção dos dados 2D em função do tempo foram realizados através do software DVideo®. Para as análises, foi aplicado a metodologia do Diagrama de Voronoi nas coordenadas 2D de 33 jogadores de uma mesma equipe, a cada instante de tempo, em cada jogo. Dado um conjunto de pontos no plano (que nesse caso, representam as posições dos jogadores em função do tempo), o Diagrama de Voronoi divide o plano em regiões de acordo com as distâncias entre os pontos desse conjunto, chamados Polígonos de Voronoi. As áreas dos polígonos foram calculadas. Essa ferramenta permite, através de uma representação por mapas de superfície, obter um resumo dos locais do campo contidos nos Polígonos de Voronoi associados a cada jogador, durante todo o jogo. As áreas de responsabilidade foram maiores para goleiros, laterais e atacantes, quando comparados aos zagueiros e volantes e meias.Para caracterizar a região de responsabilidade dos jogadores, foi utilizado o contorno topográfico correspondente às áreas do campo contidas nos Polígonos dos jogadores por no mínimo 60% do jogo. Os resultados obtidos para os jogos estudados mostram que o contorno que caracteriza a área de responsabilidade para os jogadores é uma boa ferramenta qualitativa e quantitativa, que representa a forma como os jogadores dividem a área do campo entre si. A utilização do Diagrama de Voronoi se mostrou uma técnica eficiente na determinação das áreas de responsabilidade dos jogadores. Técnicos e treinadores podem dessa maneira obter informações adicionais importantes para a criação de melhores estratégias de posicionamento da sua equipe para uma melhor cobertura do espaço do campo de futebol
Abstract: The performance of football elite players is directly influenced by physical, psychological, technical and tactical aspects. A scientific support capable of seek and apply methodologies to quantifying these factors is an important source of information to coaches improve their conditions to well prepare their teams. About football tactical aspects, the manner a team share the pitch in responsibility areas and how this distribution behaviours during the match can be described through mathematical techniques. Thus, the aim of this study is to show players' responsibility area during official matches using Voronoi Diagram (VD). To do so, we collected images of 4 football matches. To extract 2D players' coordinates during the entire match, images segmentation, tracking and 2D reconstruction were performed in DVideo® software. In the analysis, VD method was applied to players' 2D coordinates to all 33 players of a same team, at each instant of time and in the 4 matches. Given a set of points on plan (representing players positions as function of time), VD share the plan in regions according to distances between all points of the set, called Voronoi polygons (VP). Voronoi areas were calculated a determined as players' responsibility areas. This tool permits obtaining a summary of pitchlocations inside Voronoi polygons of each player, during the entire match, using hitmaps. To characterize responsibility areas, the contours of hitmaps corresponding to pitch areas inside VP by, at least, 60% of the match were performed. The results showed contours as an effective tool to qualitatively and quantitatively represent responsibility areas in a match. Besides, mathematical properties related to known geometric structures, as convex polygons, facilitate calculating areas. They showed be higher to goalkeepers, external defenders and forwards when compared to central defenders, defensive and offensive midfielders
Mestrado
Biodinamica do Movimento Humano
Mestre em Educação Física
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Schmitz, Jones Erni. « Calculos de estabilidade e divisão de fases por meio de redes neurais artificiais ». [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/267568.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Orientador: Mario de Jesus MendesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica
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Resumo: A simulação de processos é um componente fundamental de uma grande variedade de atividades de Engenharia de Processos, tais como a Otimização Online, o controle em Tempo Real, a Identificação, etc. O cálculo de Equilíbrio de Fases é uma atividade fundamental em qualquer simulação de processos de separação. O elevado tempo computacional deste cálculo provocado pela sua natureza iterativa pode criar incompatibilidades entre a atividade de simulação e as aplicações em tempo real que ela integra. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um método alternativo simples, mas suficientemente preciso, para realizar os cálculos de equilíbrio de fases na simulação de processos de separação de sistemas complexos. Entende-se por tal, sistemas que apresentam problemas de Equilíbrio Líquido-Líquido e de Equilíbrio Líquido-Líquido-Vapor, como é o caso dos que possuem um Azeótropo Heterogêneo. Pelas suas propriedades, as Redes Neurais Artificiais surgem naturalmente como candidatas alternativas para esta tarefa. Como objeto de aplicação foram escolhidos dois sistemas que apresentam um azeótropo heterogêneo, o sistema binário acetato de etila - água e o sistema ternário etanol - acetato de etila - água. Para gerar os dados usados no treinamento das redes foi implementado um método convencional de cálculo de equilíbrio de fases, adequado à complexidade dos sistemas escolhidos, o método de Pham & Doherty. Para a resolução do problema da estabilidade de fases, a primeira etapa do cálculo do equilíbrio de fases, foram testados dois tipos de redes neurais artificiais (RNAs), as Redes Neurais Artificiais Probabilísticas (RNAPs) e os Perceptrons. Com os perceptrons foram encontradas dificuldades para atingir a precisão desejada, sendo necessário recorrer a perceptrons com várias camadas escondidas. Já as RNAPs apresentaram uma excelente precisão, embora a sua simulação seja mais lenta. Perceptrons simples de uma só camada escondida foram usados com êxito na solução da segunda etapa do cálculo de equilíbrio de fases, o problema da divisão de fases. Combinando as redes desenvolvidas para cada uma das etapas foi criada uma ferramenta que permite resolver qualquer problema de equilíbrio de fases para os sistemas estudados. A precisão dos resultados fornecidos pelas redes neurais é comparável à dos apresentados pelos métodos tradicionais, mas os cálculos do equilíbrio de fases feitos usando redes neurais foram mais rápidos. Pode-se concluir que as redes neurais artificiais constituem uma alternativa válida aos métodos tradicionais do cálculo do equilíbrio de fases baseados em equações de estado para sistemas complexos como os avaliados
Abstract: Process simulation is a basic component of different Process Engineering activities such as On-line Optimization, Model Predictive Control, Identification, etc. The calculation of Phase Equilibrium appears as a fundamental task in any simulation of a separation process. However, the high computational time due to the iterative nature of this calculation makes it oft unsuitable for use with real time process analysis and synthesis strategies. The objective of this work is to develop a simple but accurate method to perform the phase equilibrium calculations required to the study of the behavior of complex systems. As such we mind those systems who present liquid-liquid and vapor-liquid-liquid phase equilibrium problems, such as systems with a heterogeneous azeotrope do. Given their inherent ability to learn and recognize non-linear and highly complex relationships, artificial neural networks (ANNs) appear to be well suited for such a task. Two chemical systems, the binary ethyl acetate ¿ water and the ternary ethanol ¿ ethyl acetate ¿ water were chosen; both systems present a miscibility gap and a heterogeneous azeotrope. The data sets used to train the ANNs were computed using the method of Pham & Doherty. Two kinds of neural networks were tried to solve the phase stability problem, namely the probabilistic neural networks (PNNs) and the perceptrons. In order to attain an acceptable precision perceptrons had to be trained with several hidden layers. Even though, PNNs got slightly better results than the perceptrons. Simple perceptrons were able to deliver the required precision when trained to predict the compositions of phases in equilibrium. Coupling the ANNs trained for phase stability with those trained for phase division a tool was obtained that can solve any phase equilibrium problem for the two chosen systems. Predictions made with the use of neural networks were faster than those made using the traditional methods, and delivered comparable precision
Doutorado
Sistemas de Processos Quimicos e Informatica
Doutor em Engenharia Química
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Sperling, David Moreno. « Arquiteturas contínuas e topologia : similaridades em processo ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18131/tde-28032006-155803/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A pesquisa investiga o atual momento em que a topologia adquire uma posição especial dentro dos diálogos que a arquitetura historicamente têm estabelecido com outras áreas do conhecimento. Aponta e sistematiza aproximações contemporâneas com a topologia realizadas por arquitetos e desenvolve sua aproximação por meio da apresentação do conceito de diagrama processual topológico. Este conceito tripartite (diagrama, processo, topologia), é investigado em diferentes áreas como ciência cognitiva, lógica (matemática e semiótica) e filosofia, a fim de enriquecer a análise de sua atuação no campo da topologia. Nesta análise, o diagrama processual topológico é delineado como um meio operativo-representacional de relações espaciais estruturais (a topologia do objeto) que possui três variáveis: pensamento, espaço e tempo. Finalmente, este conceito é levado ao campo do projeto e da representação em arquitetura, construindo um diálogo crítico com o uso e a referência ao diagrama que fazem arquitetos contemporâneos paradigmáticos Bernard Tschumi, Peter Eisenman, Greg Lynn, Rem Koolhaas, MVRDV, Ben van Berkel, Lars Spuybroek, dentre outrosThis research aims to analyse topologys state of the art. Nowadays topology is a key player in the dialogues that architecture has historically stablished with other areas of knowledge. This work points out and systematizes contemporary approximations with topology made by architects and developes their ideas by means of the concept of topologic processual diagram. This threefold concept (topology, process, diagram) is investigated in different areas such cognitive science, logic (mathematics and semiotics) and philosophy, in order to enrich the analyse of its actuation in the field of topology. In this analysis, the topologic processual diagram is described as an operative-representational medium of spatial structural relations (the objects topology), with three variables: thought, space and time. Finally, this concept is investigated within the realm of the project and representation in architecture, building up a critical dialogue with diagrams, its use and reference, as performed by paradigmatic contemporary architects - Bernard Tschumi, Peter Eisenman, Greg Lynn, Rem Koolhaas, MVRDV, Ben van Berkel, Lars Spuybroek and others
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Condolf, Cyril. « Elaboration d’un cermet conducteur électrique à haute température ». Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005INPG0071.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse est consacrée à l'élaboration de matériaux d'anode inerte, utilisés pour l'électrolyse de l'aluminium. A partir de connaissances acquises sur le cermet cuivre-ferrite de nickel, une stratégie de recherche a été menée afin de proposer des systèmes chimiques alternatifs. La lecture des diagrammes de phases constitue en ce sens un outil de prédiction des compositions potentiellement pertinentes. Des modèles physiques de conductivité du spinelle et de frittage, intégrés aux résultats du calcul thermodynamique, sont utilisés pour déterminer des zones préférentielles théoriques d'élaboration d'un cermet, dans le système Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni-Zn-0 (base de données FACT). Le manganèse, comparable au fer au cobalt par sa structure électronique, ne fait pas partie de la base FACT, et le diagramme Fe-Mn-Ni-0 a dû être étudié expérimentalement et théoriquement pour l'inclure dans la réflexion et montrer son intérêt comme élément d'alliage. L'application pratique a été validée dans le cas de matériaux Cu-Al-Fe-Ni-0 et Cu-Fe-Mn-Ni-O. L'ajout d'aluminium réduit la solubilité dans le bain cryolithique, et le manganèse peut être utilisé comme dopant afin de favoriser le frittage. L'intérêt potentiel des autres éléments (Co,Cr et Zn) a été abordé par la logique déductive développée au cours de cette thèseThis thesis is devoted to the making of inert anode materials, used for aluminium electrolysis. On the basis of knowledge obtained from the cermet copper- nickel ferrite, a strategy of research was carried out in order to determine alternative chemical systems. The reading of phase diagrams is a tool of prediction for hypothetical promising compositions. Physical models of spinel conductivity and sintering, integrated into the results of thermodynamic calculation, are used to determine theoretical best zones of cermets'development, in the system Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni-Zn-O (FACT database). Manganese, comparable with iron and cobalt concerning the electronic structure, is not included in FACT database and Fe-Mn-Ni-0 had to be evaluated through experiments and theoretically in order to include it in our thought and to show its interest as an alloying element. Practical application was validated in the case of Cu-Al-Fe-Ni-0 and Cu-Fe-Mn-Ni-0 materials. Addition of aluminium reduces the solubility in cryolite bath, and manganese can be used as a doping element in order to enhance sintering. The potential interest of the other elements (Co,Cr and Zn) has been surveyed through a logical analysis developed during the thesis
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Griškėnienė, Edita. « Elektros energijos apskaitos ir matavimo prietaisų maršrutizavimo kompiuterizuotos informacinės sistemos sukūrimas ir tyrimas ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2004. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2004~D_20040924_120130-58931.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The computerize information systems are widely used in the companies of Lithuania now. A lot of them are universal enough and fit to solve the various administrative problems in the companies. These systems excel in large complexity and high price. So develops the need to create more simple and cheap information systems.
An aim of the project is to create system which are accomulating the information about received and given flows of the electricity energy instruments, are doing the namesake and guantity account of the accounting instruments, are formating analysis reports for the directed period.
The client of the project is Rytų skirstomieji tinklai AB branch Alytus electricity network Elekctricity energy realization division.
The need of the project to the client may be given an outline:
· to boost the guality of work and account results;
· to reduce expenditure of time to do account works;
· to eliminate the information duplicate;
· to ease analysis reports composing;
· to escape mistakes;
· to effective account work.
The project is realized by MS Access data base with integrated Microsoft Visual Basic for Aplication. The posibilities of this base complete enough to accomplish those project. Also this packet helps to realize grafic users link (GUL).
There are realized those functions to help users work in this project: buttons, the facilitation of the repetitive information installing, help. The project was created to satisfy the users all needs and to diminish the use... [to full text]
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Guo, Yuhua. « Implementation of 3D Kiviat Diagrams ». Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2442.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this thesis, a 3D approach to visualize software metrics is presented. Software metrics are attributes of a piece of software or its specification. They generally contain a set of multivariate time-series data and can be displayed, for example, as a Kiviat diagram consisting of axes and polylines. The aim of this work is to design a Win32 application that can load multivariate time-series data from a file and visualize it as an interactive 3D Kiviat diagram.
There has been an approach that can display software metrics by using 2D Kiviat diagrams, but there are still some drawbacks on it. Since a better visualization of software metrics can help the developer to control the quality of software products more easily, this thesis improved the existing approach by extending 2D Kiviat diagram to 3D Kiviat diagram.
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Burger, Dominique, et Lilian Genaro Motti. « Adapting diagrams for DAISY books ». Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-69309.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Looking for the best way to publish accessible graphics, this presentation gives some information about how to deal with non-textual contents when adapting documents for DAISY books. It is based on a study conducted by Braillenet for enriching the Helene’s digital library with technical contents. By analysing publishing guidelines, transcribers’ work in specialized centres and main relief printing formats, this work presents thoughts on how to analyse a graphical content, how to produce vectorial images, the main steps for preparing digital image files that could be downloaded and printed, how to index these files into the DAISY book, and finally make them accessible.
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Lemaire-Beaucage, Jonathan. « Voronoi Diagrams in Metric Spaces ». Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20736.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this thesis, we will present examples of Voronoi diagrams that are not tessellations. Moreover, we will find sufficient conditions on subspaces of E2, S2 and the Poincaré disk and the sets of sites that guarantee that the Voronoi diagrams are pre-triangulations. We will also study g-spaces, which are metric spaces with ‘extendable’ geodesics joining any 2 points and give properties for a set of sites in a g-space that again guarantees that the Voronoi diagram is a pre-triangulation.
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Bultena, Albertha. « Venn diagrams with few intersections ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0002/MQ36611.pdf.
Texte intégral
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Mueller, Franz Xaver. « Twistor diagrams as projection operators ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358638.
Texte intégral
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Viana, L. « Phase diagrams for spin glasses ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356116.
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Feng, Yu. « Disjunction of Regular Timing Diagrams ». Digital WPI, 2010. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1059.
Texte intégralRésumé :
"Timing diagrams are used in industrial practice as a specification language of circuit components. They have been formalized for efficient use in model checking. This formalization is often more succinct and convenient than the use of temporal logic. We explore the relationship between timing diagrams and temporal logic formulas by showing that closure under disjunction does not hold for timing diagrams. We give an algorithm that returns a disjunction (if any) of two given timing diagrams. We also give algorithms that decide satisfiability of a timing diagram and return exact time separations between events in a timing diagram. An Alloy specification for timing diagrams with one waveform has also been built."
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Alwanain, Mohammed Ibrahim. « Automated composition of sequence diagrams ». Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6919/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Software design is a significant stage in software development life cycle as it creates a blueprint for the implementation of the software. Design-errors lead to costly and insufficient implementation. Hence, it is crucial to provide solutions to discover the design error in early stage of the system development and solve them. Inspired by various engineering disciplines, the software community proposed the concept of modelling in order to reduce these costly errors. Modelling provides a platform to create an abstract representation of the software systems concluding to the birth of various modelling languages such as Unified Modelling Language (UML), Automata, and Petri Net. Due to the modelling raises the level of abstraction throughout the analysis and design process, it enables the system discovers to efficiently identify errors. Since modern systems become more complex, models are often produced part-by-part to help reduce the complexity of the design. This often results in partial specifications captured in models focusing on a subset of the system. To produce an overall model of the system, such partial models must be composed together. Model composition is the process of combining partial models to create a single coherent model. Due to manual model composition is error prone, time-consuming and tedious, it must be replaced by automated model compositions. This thesis presents a novel approach for an automatic composition technique for creating behaviour models, such as a sequence diagram, from partial specifications captured in multiple sequence diagrams with the help of constraint solvers.
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Egebrand, August. « Feynman Diagrams and Map Enumeration ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teoretisk fysik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-298474.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The goal of this thesis is to count how many graphs exist given a number of verticesor some other restrictions. The graphs are counted by perturbing Gaussian integralsand using the Wick lemma to interpret the perturbations in terms of graphs. Fatgraphs, a specific type of graph, are central in this thesis. A method based onorthogonal polynomials to count fat graphs is presented. The thesis finishes with theformulation and some results related to the three-color problem.
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Semper, Philippa Judith. « Diagrams in English medieval manuscripts ». Thesis, University of Exeter, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261166.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis examines diagrams found in English medieval manuscripts dating from the ninth to the fourteenth century. It is based upon a survey of diagrammatic material, the results of which are presented in the catalogue raisonnee (Appendix A). The lack of adequate terms to define diagrams is addressed, as is the lack of a consistent and coherent treatment of diagrams in existing literature. A close critique of diagrams can be an aid in dating manuscripts and tracing textual recensions, and therefore a well-defined yet flexible framework must be established in order to further future research. The catalogue establishes standard types for particular diagrams, which can be used for comparison and identification of examples in manuscripts. The discussion of the thesis is largely structured on a chronological basis, studying the types of diagrams which were in use in three periods; late Antiquity, the Dark Ages, and the twelfth to fourteenth centuries. The main diagrammatic forms which were transmitted from late classical commentaries in medieval manuscripts are analysed in terms of their content and technique. These diagrams are still influenced by Greek learning. Changes and adaptations in these forms and techniques are then observed. The degeneracy of learning in the Dark Ages is characterised by diagrams based on cyclical rather than circular forms. The availability of translations of Greek texts through Arab sources in the twelfth century leads again to precise diagrams which accompany logical textual exposition. Diagrams are finally viewed within the wider context of medieval art. Features of medieval aesthetics are highlighted which make it possible to approach diagrams in the same way as works of art. The importance of geometric structures to artistic composition is increased by the symbolic meanings which are attached to certain shapes and proportions. Pictorial diagrams themselves migrate into wall-paintings and floor-mosaics, and also eventually into literature
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Burger, Dominique, et Lilian Genaro Motti. « Adapting diagrams for DAISY books ». Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Blinde Leipzig (DZB), 2010. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A1174.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Looking for the best way to publish accessible graphics, this presentation gives some information about how to deal with non-textual contents when adapting documents for DAISY books. It is based on a study conducted by Braillenet for enriching the Helene’s digital library with technical contents. By analysing publishing guidelines, transcribers’ work in specialized centres and main relief printing formats, this work presents thoughts on how to analyse a graphical content, how to produce vectorial images, the main steps for preparing digital image files that could be downloaded and printed, how to index these files into the DAISY book, and finally make them accessible.
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Gardiner, Jason Robert. « Petal Diagrams and Seifert Surfaces ». BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9253.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Petal diagrams of knots are projections of knots to the plane such that the diagram has exactly one crossing. Petal diagrams offer a convenient and combinatorial way of representing knots via their associated petal permutation. In this thesis we study the fundamental group and Seifert surfaces of knots in petal form. Using the Seifert-Van Kampen theorem, we give a group presentation of the fundamental group of the knot complement of a knot in petal form. We then discuss Seifert surfaces and use decomposition diagrams to represent the Seifert surfaces of knots in petal form. We finally give an algorithm to produce a set of decomposition diagrams for a spanning surface of a knot in petal form and prove that for incompressible surfaces such decomposition diagrams are unique up to perturbation moves.
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Panagiotou, Joseph. « A methodology for flammability diagrams ». College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2138.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Fire Protection Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.