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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Design and construction – Europe »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Design and construction – Europe"

Papp, Ferenc. « Europe-wide Design Space for Architecture, Engineering and Construction ». IABSE Symposium Report 92, n^o 12 (1 janvier 2006) : 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137806796184824.

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Sleeswyk, André Wegener. « A Scandinavian wagon construction ». Antiquity 61, n^o 233 (novembre 1987) : 416–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00072963.

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Some fundamental problems in the design of wheeled animal-drawn vehicles result from the inescapable mechanical forces the vehicle deals with. Here, one of those problems is explored, with ethnohistorical information from recent Europe as a starting-point.

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Kolos, Alexey, Andrey Petryayev, Irina Kolos, Vadim Govorov et Evgeniy Shekhtman. « ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ROADBED DESIGN OF HIGHSPEED RAIL LINES ». Bulletin of scientific research results, n^o 1 (17 mars 2018) : 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2018-1-36-48.

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Objective: Scientific justification of requirements to roadbed design of high-speed networks (HSN) for the purpose of constructing “Moscow–Kazan–Yekaterinburg” railroad line, as well as implementation of “Eurasia” and “Yekaterinburg–Chelyabinsk” HSN projects. Methods: The analysis of modern roadbed design standards for HSN was carried out. The justification of HSN roadbed norms and requirements involved system analysis of HSN engineering and construction in Western Europe, China, Japan and other countries with well-developed high-speed network. Results: The fundamental principles and requirements, which are to be taken as a basis of HSN roadbed engineering, were determined. Practical importance: The obtained results are to be used in HSN roadbed engineering and construction, performed on the territory of the Russian Federation.

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Van Asberk, Baron W. F. « MODERN DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF DAMS AND DIKES BUILT WITH THE USE OF ASPHALT ». Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, n^o 7 (29 janvier 2011) : 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v7.47.

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In recent years quite a number of important coast protection and harbour construction works in Europe, in the U.S.A. and in Japan have been built or strengthened with the use of asphalt according to established methods of construction in various countries. These works have proved to be not only technically sound and durable but also economical in initial capital investment as well as in maintenance costs. Moreover, as the results obtained have been very encouraging, new outlets and methods of construction with asphalt are being sought, and systematically investigated and developed to cover a wider field of application for coast protection and harbour construction works. Although there are many purposes and means of applying asphalt constructions for these works, the author has limited the scope of his paper to describe in particular the fundamental problems related to the hydraulic and asphalt-technical aspects of building dams and dikes of sand according to the hydraulic fill process, covered and protected by a two course hot-mix asphalt revetment or layer. Assuming a general knowledge of the various facets of hydraulic dam and dike constructions and of asphalt construction methods the author deals with essential items concerning the hydraulic and strength design of asphalt revetments for dikes and dams and describes certain details of construction that require particular attention and perhaps further investigation as experience has proved.

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BLUMENFELD, Y., P. BUTLER, J. CORNELL, G. FORTUNA et M. LINDROOS. « EURISOL DESIGN STUDY : TOWARDS AN ULTIMATE ISOL FACILITY FOR EUROPE ». International Journal of Modern Physics E 18, n^o 10 (novembre 2009) : 1960–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301309014081.

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The European roadmap for nuclear physics advocates the construction of two next generation radioactive beam facilities: the projectile fragmentation facility FAIR at Darmstadt, Germany and the ISOL facility EURISOL. The EURISOL concept is being studied in the framework of a pan-european Design Study funded by the European Commission. The general design of EURISOL and the latest achievements in terms of modeling and prototyping are presented.

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Žegarac Leskovar, Vesna, et Miroslav Premrov. « A Review of Architectural and Structural Design Typologies of Multi-Storey Timber Buildings in Europe ». Forests 12, n^o 6 (8 juin 2021) : 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12060757.

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Numerous countries across the globe have witnessed the recent decades’ trend of multi-storey timber buildings on the rise, owing to advances in engineering sciences and timber construction technologies. Despite the growth and numerous advantages of timber construction, the global scale of multi-storey timber construction is still relatively low compared to reinforced concrete and steel construction. One of the reasons for a lower share of high-rise timber buildings lies in the complexity of their design, where the architectural design, the selection of a suitable structural system, and the energy efficiency concept strongly depend on the specific features of the location, particularly climate conditions, wind exposure, and seismic hazard. The aforementioned shows the need for a comprehensive study on existing multi-storey timber buildings, which correspond to the boundary conditions in a certain environment, to determine the suitability of such a construction in view of its adjustment to local contexts. Apart from exposing the problems and advantages of such construction, the current paper provides a brief overview of high-rise timber buildings in Europe. Moreover, it addresses the complexity of the design approach to multi-storey timber buildings in general. The second part of the paper highlights the importance of synthesising the architectural, energy, and structural solutions through a detailed analysis of three selected case studies. The findings of the paper provide an expanded view of knowledge of the design of tall timber buildings, which can significantly contribute to a greater and better exploitation of the potential of timber construction in Europe and elsewhere.

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Hodakova, D., A. Zuzulova et S. Capayova. « Climate change adaptation in pavement design ». IOP Conference Series : Materials Science and Engineering 1252, n^o 1 (1 septembre 2022) : 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1252/1/012017.

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Abstract Since 2011, the change in climatic characteristics has emerged as one of the three most common environmental risks today. Global warming forecasts warn that by 2100, our planet could warm by an average of 3.5 to 7.5 °C. In Europe, over the last 140 years, the average annual air temperature has risen by about 1.5 °C. In Slovakia, it was an increase of 1.7 - 1.8 °C on average. The consequences of these changes in road construction are immediate and intense and require adequate adaptation measures. Long-term measurements of climatic conditions in Slovakia were the basis for assessing changes in average daily air temperatures in individual seasons. With the design of road pavements and calculations of pavement structure models, we have also tested road construction materials - especially asphalt mixtures. The results were used to correct the values of input data, design criteria, as well as in measures to reduce the impact of changes in climatic conditions. The paper focuses on the characterization of the climatic conditions in Slovakia and the changes reflected in the design of the road constructions; also provides some insights into the solution of partial problems in the field of asphalt pavement and cement concrete pavement.

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Koukkari, Heli, et Leena Sarvakanta. « AGEING CHALLENGES IN THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR ». International Journal of Strategic Property Management 9, n^o 2 (30 juin 2005) : 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2005.9637530.

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Ageing population and ageing infrastructure are two significant socioeconomic challenges, and business opportunities, for the construction sector in Europe. Utilisation of ICT in daily living is one of the future technology drivers. The principles of the Design for All (universal design) help to develop the built environment and its technologies in such a way that cities will be pleasant and supportive places for everybody. This paper considers the potential of new types of services and networking, which are very much under development at the moment and also under lively debate. The cost‐effectiveness ‐ and so the availability - of the home delivered services will be dependent on the accessibility of the urban areas.

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Bonoli, Alessandra, Sara Zanni et Francisco Serrano-Bernardo. « Sustainability in Building and Construction within the Framework of Circular Cities and European New Green Deal. The Contribution of Concrete Recycling ». Sustainability 13, n^o 4 (17 février 2021) : 2139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042139.

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Climate change and ecological crisis are a huge threat to Europe and the world. To overcome these challenges, Europe adopted the New Green Deal as a strategy transforming the Union into a competitive resource-efficient economy without greenhouse gas emissions and become carbon neutral in a few decades. The European Green Deal includes the new circular economy action plan, highlighting the importance of a products’ “green design”, saving raw materials, and waste prevention oriented along the entire life cycle of products. Construction and buildings represent one of the key topics for the green transition. In the European Union, buildings are responsible for 40% of our energy consumption and 36% of greenhouse gas emissions, which are mainly caused by construction, usage, renovation, and demolition. Improving environmental efficiency can play a key role in reaching the carbon neutrality of Europe that is expected to be achieved by 2050. In this research, it was explored how Eco-design, as an innovative approach in buildings and construction, Life Cycle Thinking and Life Cycle Assessment, as fundamental supporting tools in sustainability, and finally appropriate and effective Construction and Demolition Waste recycling processes, particularly oriented to concrete recycling according to the case studies analyzed, can promote a circular economy in buildings and construction.

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Ostapska, Katarzyna, Klodian Gradeci et Petra Ruther. « Design for Disassembly (DfD) in construction industry : a literature mapping and analysis of the existing designs ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2042, n^o 1 (1 novembre 2021) : 012176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2042/1/012176.

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Abstract A systematic search of scientific literature on the topic of Design for Disassembly (DfD) in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry was performed with a special focus on study cases. The results were augmented by electronic magazine search due to the non-representative amount of data found in the scientific database. Results show the domination of wood and steel solutions among architects and engineers designing for disassembly. Frame structural system is preferable. DfD structures are mainly located in Europe but observed in the whole world and growing exponentially since 90'. The database with 117 built DfD study cases is made available online and will be further developed.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Design and construction – Europe"

Strike, Antony John. « Academic staff's career pathway design in English pre-1992 universities : contemporary evolution or systematic de-construction of Homo Academicus ? » Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/72564/.

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In twenty-first century England, the emerging knowledge economy requires educated workers and the creation of new knowledge to fuel economic growth. The extension of opportunities in higher education is critical to social equity. Pressures of marketisation, massification and globalisation add to an agenda for change. For Universities to succeed in this pressurised environment, the response of academic staff – the most important resource in any institution – is critical. Against this background, there has been an emphasis from policy bodies and Universities on the need to improve the management of human resources. This research intended to describe what new academic career models were emerging, using field research through case studies. The research sought to examine a sample of higher education institutions’ promotion procedures and interview the authors of those documents. Having understood the formal context, examine through interviews the social reality of academics following careers in higher education. Using this inductive data, it was intended to generate possible career models to extrapolate, deductively using a survey questionnaire, to all English pre-1992 universities, the usage of the emergent models. Finally, explanations were sought for the models using statistical analysis, including secondary data. It was found that academic career models were localised, diversified and inclusive; differentially recognising variant contributions through new career routes. These career paths seemed to provide educationalists and researchers an opportunity to participate on equal terms with those following traditional careers. This conclusion seemed attractive as it recognised the changes observed and viewed them as institutionally strategic and academically benign. However, the trend towards a management-led division of academic labour, basing jobs on elements of a work process, tended to fractionalise the academic role and did not correlate with rank. This specialisation may represent the de-construction, or de-mystification, of the craft of academia by managers without clear performance gains. If what was observed was a varied occupation being broken down into describable elements, then what this study observed was the start of the destruction, rather than the evolution, of the craft profession that was academia. It was not clear the observed fractionalisation of academic roles, breaking apart the research-teaching nexus, was beneficial to the profession.

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Pavan, Kumar Maareddygari Pavan Kumar, et Bharadwaj Yellambalse Prem Kumar Anoop Anoop. « Design and Construction of Chassis for Uniti L7e Vehicle ». Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-32946.

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Chassis is the primary structural component of an automobile. It is the main supporting structure of a vehicle to which all other systems like braking, suspension and differential are attached. In this thesis, a methodology for L7e category vehicle chassis design and structural stability analysis is presented. The present car being developed at Uniti Sweden AB is classified as L7e category vehicle as per the European Union, therefore the chassis developed in this thesis considers the specific characteristics that vehicles under this category demands for. A literature study is carried out to review various existing designs of vehicle chassis, latest innovations and advanced materials used to manufacture the same. The various types of forces and stresses commonly acting on chassis structures are analyzed and their effects on the vehicle is understood. After completing literature study, several findings are listed in a systematic manner, by providing ample arguments to justify each of them. The pro-con analysis is conducted to evaluate merits and demerits of each alternative type of chassis and the material to manufacture it. The most essential design criteria are derived from the QFD (Quality function deployment) which then acts as important guidelines during the actual design process. Structural chassis frame is designed as per the design criteria, using the CAD software CATIAV5R19 and the structural stability of the same is tested and analyzed using ANSYS 15.0 software. From the results of these analysis tests the static structural stability of the design is confirmed.

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Grille, Alexandra. « Les grands navires construits à clin en Europe septentrionale et occidentale du milieu du 14ème au milieu du 16ème siècle ». Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H011.

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Depuis les années 1980, des épaves de grands navires construits à clin de la fin du Moyen-Age ont été découvertes sur les littoraux des mers septentrionales et occidentales. Elles ont régulièrement suscité individuellement un intérêt de la communauté scientifique en regard de leur architecture, puisque la fin du Moyen-Age correspond historiquement à l’apparition puis à la diffusion et à l’adaptation de la construction navale à franc-bord d’origine méditerranéenne en Europe du Nord et de l’Ouest. Pourtant, la comparaison des différentes épaves entre elles pour étudier les développements de la construction navale à clin de cette période est très récente et généralement rattachée à l’analyse des épaves nouvellement trouvées.Cette thèse étudie l’ensemble des navires de plus de 20 m de long susceptibles, par leur architecture, d’avoir évolué en haute mer sur les routes du commerce lointain. En regard du contexte technique et historique, cette étude est limitée géographiquement aux mers nordiques et chronologiquement au Moyen-Age tardif et au début de la période moderne.Le navire résulte à la fois des technique de construction navale et de la demande de ses commanditaires. Durant la période d’étude envisagée dans la thèse, les marchands, qui sont également les affréteurs, constituent les principaux armateurs avec les gens de mer, marins et capitaines, qui régulièrement sont propriétaires en totalité ou en partie des grands bâtiments.De ce fait, le contexte historique, affectant les activités de commerce et de transport, contribue à expliquer les développements de la construction navale. De plus, l’analyse technique des épaves permet de comprendre comment les charpentiers de marine ont pu répondre à la demande de ces propriétaires. Pour cela, la reconstitution des épaves, comme celle de l’Aber Wrac’h 1(France), est essentielle, car les données relatives à la construction, la conception et la forme des navires fournissent des éléments de comparaison scientifique fiables en regard des typologies chronologiques et régionales et permettent de replacer le navire dans son contexte historique et socio-économique
Since the 1980s, several wrecks of large clinker ships adting from the late Middle Ages were found on the coasts of Northern and Atlantic seas. The scientific community was regularly interested in the architecture of each site as the late Middle Ages historically corresponds to the appearance, dissemination and adaptation of the carvel shipbuilding from the Mediterranean in Northern and Western Europe. Yet the comparison of the different wrecks themselves to study the development of the clinker shipbuilding of this period is recent and usually linked to the analysis of newly found wrecks.This thesis explores all vessels over a length of 20 meters, which were able, according to their architecture, to sail on open seas for long-distance trade. Due to the technical and historical context, this study is limited geographically to the nordic seas and chronologically to the Late Middle Ages and early modern period.The ship results from the shipbuilding technology and the demand of its owners. During the late Middle Ages, the merchant class, which was the principal user, was also the main shipowner with the seafarers, sailors and captains, who regularly owned all or part of large vessels.Therefore, the historical context, affecting trade and transport activities, helps to explain the developments in shipbuilding. Therefore, technical analysis of wrecks allows understanding how the shipwrights and carpenters could meet the demand of those owners. Hence, there construction of the wreck, such as Aber Wrac’h 1 (France), is essential because the data about the building, design and shape of the vessels provide reliable scientific information for comparison in terms of chronological and regional typologies and help to place the ship in its historical, environmental and socio-economic context

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Havard, Sophie. « La construction d'une Europe audiovisuelle : l'adequation des politiques menées ». Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56812.

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In the 80's, European broadcasting changed dramatically. The rising of new technologies resulted into a growing number of TV programmes' demand while the amount of supply stays unchange.
There are two European strategies: (1) A regulation policy, with the European directive "Television without frontiers"; (2) A promotion of European programmes industry, with MEDIA and EUREKA.
The challenge is beyond the means implemented until now. The building of European audiovisual industry is a slow process, since cultural union and economic union are linked.

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Fernandez, Moïse. « La participation des parlements nationaux a la construction europeenne ». Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR1006.

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L'edification progressive de l'union europeenne a conduit les parlements nationaux a faire de grands sacrifices. Les pouvoirs de decision ont ete dans des proportions accrues et d'une facon irresistible transferes des etats aux institutions europeennes, notamment au conseil de ministres. Or, comme les identites nationales priment toujours sur la citoyennete europeenne et que la volonte des etats reste le fondement de l'integration europeenne, le dessaisissement des parlements, sans autre compensation que celle d'etre l'executant ou l'agent de liaison en aval de la procedure europeenne, constitue une situation dangereuse. Deux alternatives sont alors concevables. Premierement, en fonction des specificites locales, les parlements nationaux peuvent renforcer leur controle sur la politique europeenne de leur gouvernement. C'est la la voie choisie depuis le debut de la construction europeenne. Ce schema respecte les equilibres poses par les traites mais sa principale limite apparait clairement : les parlements ne peuvent pas se montrer trop exigeants sauf a alourdir le processus decisionnel europeen. Par rapport aux institutions supranationales (pe, commission, bce) dont les membres jouissent d'un statut d'independance vis-a-vis des autorites nationales, les parlements sont dans la situation des groupes de pression a cette nuance pres qu'une cooperation etroite avec le pe pourrait un jour donner naissance a un reseau interparlementaire influent. Deuxiemement, d'un point de vue radicalement reformiste, on peut imaginer la creation d'un organe qui institutionnaliserait la volonte collective des parlements. Or, le probleme est precisemment que les interets des parlements ne se distinguent pas des interets des etats qui sont personnifies via la composition du conseil. En tout les cas, l'etude sur le role des parlements nationaux dans la construction europeenne est un element cle pour pallier au deficit de legitimite et de credibilite de l'integration europeenne
The gradual erection of the european union induced the national parliaments to make great sacrifices. The decision powers has been in growing proportions and in a irresistible manner transfer from the members states to the european institutions, notably to the council of ministers. Well, as the national identities continues to have precedence over the european citizenship and that the states'will stays the base of european integration, the relinquishment of national parliaments, without compensation except that to be a simply executant or a liaison agent downstream the european law-making, is a prejudicial situation. Then, two main alternatives are conceivable. Firstly, according to local specificities, the parliaments do one's best their national controls on the european action of their own government this is the way priviligied since the beginning of european construction. This configuration respect the balances defined by the treaties but his principal limit appears clearly : the parliaments cannot be expect too much during unless to make the european law-making power heavy. With regard to the supranational institutions (e. P. , commission, ecb) whose members have the advantage of statutory independance in relation to national authorities, the parliaments are in the situation of pressure groups with this difference that a close cooperation with the ep. Could one day "give birth" to a influent interparliamentary network. Secondly, in a radically reformy point of view, one may imagine to create a organ which could have the objectif to institutionalize the collective will of the parliaments. The problem is precisely that the interets of parliaments don't set apart from the states'interests as they are personified by the council's composition. In any case, the reflection on the national parliaments' function in the european construction is a key element to put answer in the way of resolving the deficit of legitimacy and credibility of the european integration

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Westerhoff, Kevin M. (Kevin Matthew) 1978. « Construction based design ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84827.

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Glauser, Andrea. « Vertical Europe : The Sociology of High-rise Construction / Andrea Glauser ». Frankfurt : Campus, 2019.

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Ferron, Julie. « La modernité à l'épreuve de la construction européenne ». Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020005.

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La modernité est l'âge cosmopolitique, sécularisation de l'Esprit du christianisme. Or, l'Europe semble incapable de se distinguer de l'Occident globalisant qu'elle a rendu possible. L'universel moderne est en effet en voie de réalisation, de San Francisco à Vladivostok, en attendant le reste du monde. Voire en l'espérant puisque l'Un ne serait qu'un impératif de la raison juridique, enté sur un acte philosophique d'espérance. Ces réflexions pré-constitutionnelles permettront alors de dissocier la construction européenne de l'Europe. L'Europe post-moderne sera une hypostase, modalité parmi d'autres, de l'universel moderne. Simplement, la souverainteté n'a pas (encore?) disparu. Ses éléments se sont dissociés en cette néo-féodalité. L'auctoritas, visible dans le dialogue des juges, correspondra à une "rule of law" européenne participant d'une "rule of law" mondiale. Quant à la "potestas" et à l'"imperium", penser le gouvernement en temps ordinaire demandera de connaître les temps exceptionnels. En termes théoriques, c'est la séparation des pouvoirs de l'entendement entre la prévisibilité du droit et les mystères de l'Histoire. En termes constitutionnels, c'est la loi qui anticipe sa propre suspension pour assurer, si nécessaire, le salut de la République. Pour l'instant, l'Union reste une alliance défensive fondée sur une clause de solidarité mutuelle entre Etats et advenir en tant qu'entité politique exigera qu'elle pense ses frontières, visibles et invisibles. Dès lors, il n'existe pas une réponse mais des questions, l'observateur étant condamné à la multiplicité des scenarii.

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Bayo, Emmanuel. « La construction de l'Europe sociale communautaire comme question politique ». Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081090.

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Malgre une ambition ancienne et des preoccupations actuelles mobilisatrices comme la lutte contre le chomage ou le dumping social, la finalite de la construction sociale n'apparait que difficilement au travers de proclamations floues et d'avancees cahotiques. Cette absence de finalite claire traduit un manque de volonte politique perceptible aussi bien dans la revendication en faveur d'une europe plus democratique et plus sociale que dans la rarete des textes a portee efficiente veritable, la repartition des pouvoirs au sein des institutions communautaires ou le manque d'implication des individus concernes. L'usage du principe de subsidiarite comme garde-fou du pouvoir reglementaire communautaire ne peut masquer l'absence d'une claire repartition des pouvoirs politiques. Malgre les perspectives offertes par le traite de maastricht, les negociations collectives europeennes et le dialogue social, la regulation nouvelle des institutions ou l'internationalisation de l'europe sociale, cette carence du politique en matiere sociale pose non seulement le probleme de la nature politique de l'europe future mais encore celui du role de l'etat-nation ou celui d'une veritable citoyennete europeenne
Despite long-standing aspirations and the urgency of current preoccupations such as unemployment and social dumping, the ultimate goal of social construction remains largely obscured by the vague affirmations and somewhat random progress made to date. The lack of a clear purpose reflects an absence of real political will, as witnessed by demands for a more democratic and a more social europe, the paucity of legal texts with meaningful ambition, the existing division of powers within the european institutions, or indeed the detachment of the individuals concerned. The use of the principle of subsidiarity as a safeguard against excessive euro-regulation fails to conceal the absence of a clearly defined division of political power. Despite the prospects afforded by the treaty of maastricht, joint negotiations and social dialogue, greater regulation of the institutions or the globalisation of european social standards, such political shortcomings in matters social raise the problem of the political realities of the europe of the future, the role of the nation-state, and, indeed, the true nature of european citizenship

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Whicher, Anna. « Benchmarking design for innovation policy in Europe ». Thesis, Cardiff Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10369/7999.

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In 2015, 15 of the 28 European Member States had design included in national innovation policy and design action plans were in operation in Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France and Latvia. Design is an approach to problem-solving that can be applied across the private and public sectors and is becoming more relevant to policy as part of a paradigm shift towards user-centred innovation. According to the European Commission’s Action Plan for Design-driven Innovation: ‘A more systematic use of design as a tool for user-centred and market-driven innovation in all sectors of the economy, complementary to R&D, would improve European competitiveness.’ Furthermore, the European Commission encourages all European countries and regions to develop design action plans. However, the route to building effective national and regional design capacity is not clear. The rationale for this research was framed as much by a gap in theoretical knowledge among research practitioners as a gap in applied knowledge among policy practitioners for evidence-based policy-making in design. It is widely acknowledged that policy intervention for innovation is justified by systems failure theory. Innovation researchers and policy-makers have been able to quantify and thus benchmark the performance of innovation ecosystems to inform policy actions. Design researchers have also argued that policy intervention for design can be justified by systems failure theory but asserted that design is not well captured in European benchmarking exercises. As such, this research has taken a design-led approach to developing a quantitative framework of 46 indicators to assess the performance of a country’s Design Innovation Ecosystem to inform policy-making. The framework of indicators is called the Design Policy Monitor. The findings from the Design Policy Monitor reveal that between 2012 and 2014 public expenditure on design in Denmark, Estonia, Finland and the UK increased by 34% compared to an increase of 8% for public expenditure on research and development (R&D). In a time of austerity, this funding increase is significant although overall government expenditure on R&D is more than 500 times greater than government expenditure on design. 3 Although the Design Policy Monitor remains theoretical, the Design Innovation Ecosystem construct and the indicators within the framework have been jointly developed and tested with innovation policy-makers, managers in design centres and academics. It has been subject to an iterative process of refinement and peer-review as part of a consensus-building exercise with expert stakeholders. With more data on design becoming available, it would be an ambition of the investigator to review the indicators and collect new data as part of future research. In taking a design-led approach, this research has also sought to explore and operationalise the Double Diamond process as a research framework. The Double Diamond is widely accepted as a process for design practitioners but there is only permissive consensus that the Double Diamond can also be applied as a design research framework. The concepts of design and policy are very closely intertwined; both are concerned with problem-solving and ideally, involving users in solving those problems. This body of work has sought to demonstrate that design is not only a method for user-centred research but also, by extension, a method for user-centred policy-making. This research has been conducted in parallel to leading the SEE Platform (Sharing European Experience in Design Innovation Policy), a network of 11 European partners, led by the investigator at PDR (the International Design and Research Centre) at Cardiff Metropolitan University. SEE was funded by the European Commission to the value of €1.1m between 2012 and 2015. As a result of workshops, research and advocacy the SEE partners successfully integrated design into 18 policies and 48 programmes at regional and national levels across Europe.

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Livres sur le sujet "Design and construction – Europe"

King, C. M. Design of Steel Portal Frames for Europe. Ascot : The Steel Construction Institute, 2001.

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Thompson, Andy. Cars of Eastern Europe : The definitive history. Sparkford, Yeovil, Somerset : Haynes Pub., 2011.

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International Commission on Large Dams. et International Water Power & Dam Construction., dir. Dams in Europe & USSR : A geographical approach. Paris, France : published by the International Commission on Large Dams, in co-operation with International Water Power & Dam Construction, 1990.

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Kunz, Martin Nicholas. Best designed hotels in Europe. Stuttgart : AVedition, 2003.

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Bolund, Lennart. Nestboxes for the birds of Britain and Europe. (Bleasby) : Sainsbury Publishing, 1987.

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internationales, Association française des travaux en souterrain Journées d'études. Franchissements souterrains pour l'Europe = Underground crossings for Europe. Rotterdam : A.A. Balkema, 1990.

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Butman, John. Car wars : How General Motors Europe build 'the car of the future'. London : Grafton Books, 1991.

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W, Beeby A., dir. Designers' guide to EN 1992-1-1 and EN 1992-1-2 : Eurocode 2 : design of concrete structures : general rules and rules for buildings and structural fire design. London : Thomas Telford, 2005.

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American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, National Cooperative Highway Research Program et FHWA International Technology Scanning Program, dir. Freeway geometric design for active traffic management in Europe : Executive summary. Washington, DC : Office of International Programs, FHWA/US DOT (HPIP), 2010.

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Green building trends : Europe. Washington, D.C : Island Press, 2009.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Design and construction – Europe"

Samuelsson, Anders, Falko Schröter, Gerhard Sedlacek, Christian Müller, Alain Nussbaumer, Bernt Johansson, Torsten Höglund, Peter Collin et Alberto Miazzon. « High-Performance Steels in Europe ». Dans Use and Application of High-Performance Steels for Steel Structures, 99–146. Zurich, Switzerland : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed008.099.

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<p>Since the first application of steel in steel structures in the 19th century the development of steel construction has been closely linked to the development in material properties and production methods. Significant achievements concerning strength, economy, design versatility, fabrication and erection techniques and service performance would not have been possible without the substantial improvements of steel. Especially with the application of "new" production processes for carbon steels such as the thermo-mechanical rolling and the quenching and tempering process, steel with a high construction strength but guaranteeing also good fabrication properties such as weldability was introduced into the construction market.</p>

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de Llorens i Duran, Josep I., et Alfons Soldevila i Barbosa. « Building System in Concrete Blockwork — Design, Construction and Performance ». Dans 1989 2nd European Conference on Architecture, 639–41. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0556-1_186.

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Schokking, Floris. « Overconsolidated, Early-Pleistocene Clays in Relation to Foundation Design and Construction of HSLSouth, Province of Brabant, The Netherlands ». Dans Engineering Geology for Infrastructure Planning in Europe, 555–64. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39918-6_62.

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Pavan, Alberto, Vittorio Caffi, Alessandro Valra, Davide Madeddu, Diego Farina, Jacopo Chiappetti et Claudio Mirarchi. « Development of BIM Management System ». Dans Innovative Tools and Methods Using BIM for an Efficient Renovation in Buildings, 29–49. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04670-4_3.

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AbstractWith BS 1192:2007 and even more so with BS PAS 1199-2:2013 and 1192-3:2014, the concept of Common Data Environment (CDE) of the order (project, construction or management that is). Originating from a standard dedicated to design (BS 1192:2007) and although its concept has been extended to information management in general: Capex (strategy, project, construction: PAS 1192-2) and Opex (exercise: PAS 1192-3), the CDE, as it is understood today in common practice, is still very much affected by the original link with the design and the design phase (and in particular the design in the new building). All this according to an information flow that is still very linear and sequential: client, designer, builder, manager, user; more than circular, as the so-called BIM methodology would like. The risk, therefore, is that the commercial software market is affected by this CDE approach, which is also useful for the very rich real estate market of the emerging economies, neglecting the construction market of the more consolidated economies (Europe for before), very built up, and aimed more at housing quality, sustainability, reuse, and renewal of the existing heritage rather than the new one. It is consequently necessary to define new information flows and a new type of information management environment (CDE) for the phases of use, conservation, and renovation of buildings for the European market. The need arises for a specific BIM Management System (BIMMS, overcoming the classic CDE) for asset management and their enhancement that collects information from the buildings themselves and its users (Digital Twins, IoT, sensors, etc.). A new CDE / BIMMS that uses semantics and open dialogue, via API, with multiple Tools rather than acting as a repository of files and models. BIMMS is a new concept of CDE created for the operation/renovation phases in mature real estate markets (such as the European one).

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Barroso-Hurtado, Domingo, Monika Pažur et Ana Bela Ribeiro. « Negotiating “employability” in Europe : Insights from Spain, Croatia and Portugal ». Dans Landscapes of Lifelong Learning Policies across Europe, 165–90. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96454-2_8.

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AbstractThe purpose of this chapter is to elaborate on how different patterns of governance contribute to the contextualisation of lifelong learning policies in a specific social context. Taking opportunity structures as frames, different specific governance patterns in three different social contexts are analysed and explained. Three case studies of policies implemented in three European functional regions are described: Istria (Croatia), Malaga (Spain) and Vale do Ave (Portugal). Attention is given to lifelong learning policies that are oriented towards raising the levels of employability of young adults. The notion of employability has been put forward at the EU policy level through different strategies (e.g., Education and Training 2010 and 2020 programmes) and it informs the construction of policies on problems and the solutions to be provided. Conceptually, this chapter is based on Bartlett and Vavrus’ (Rethinking case studies research: A comparative approach. Routledge, 2017) proposal to use three axes (transversal, vertical and horizontal) to explore and compare cases. Thus, the authors explore different ways in which the “employability” and other relevant approaches are materialised in and adapted to historically situated contexts (transversal axis), by different actors involved at different levels of local/regional designs and implementation scales (vertical axis) of diverse LLL programmes implemented in three EU regions (horizontal axis).

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Schau, Erwin M., Eva Prelovšek Niemelä, Aarne Johannes Niemelä, Tatiana Abaurre Alencar Gavric et Iztok Šušteršič. « Life Cycle Assessment Benchmark for Wooden Buildings in Europe ». Dans Towards a Sustainable Future - Life Cycle Management, 143–54. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77127-0_13.

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AbstractClimate change and other environmental problems from the production of raw materials, construction, and end of life of buildings are serious concerns that need to be solved urgently. Life cycle assessment (LCA) and the EU-recommended Environmental Footprint (EF) are well-known and accepted tools to measure a comprehensive set of environmental impacts throughout a product’s life cycle. But to assess how good (or bad) a wooden building performs environmentally is still a challenge. In the EU Environmental Footprint [11] pilot phase from 2013 to 2018, an average benchmark for the different product groups was found to be very useful. Based upon the recommendations for a benchmark of all kinds of European dwellings, we developed a scenario of a typical European wooden building. The EU Environmental Footprint method covers 16 recommended impact categories and can be normalized and weighted into one single point for easy and quick comparisons. The results are presented as the average impact per one square meter (m2) of floor area over 1 year. The developed benchmark for wooden buildings is a suitable comparison point for new wooden building designs. The benchmark can be used by architects and designers early in the planning stages when changes can still be made to improve the environmental performance of wooden buildings or the communication and interpretation of LCA results for customers and other stakeholders.

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Maisel, Jordana L., Edward Steinfeld, Megan Basnak, Korydon Smith et M. Beth Tauke. « Construction ». Dans Inclusive Design, 97–124. New York : Routledge, 2017. | Series : PocketArchitecture : technical design series : Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315712437-4.

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Chappell, David. « Design ». Dans Construction Contracts, 90–102. Fourth edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2021. : Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003080930-10.

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Chappell, David. « Design ». Dans Construction Contracts, 90–102. Fourth edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2021. : Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003080930-10.

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Beadnall, Stuart, et Simon Moore. « Design risk ». Dans Offshore Construction, 47–72. 2^e éd. London : Informa Law from Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367855574-3.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Design and construction – Europe"

González, Fernando, et Jörg Lange. « Harmonization of Design Rules in Europe ». Dans International Conference on Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete 2008. Reston, VA : American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41142(396)34.

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Bai, Yu, et Klaus Schneider. « Isochronous networks by construction ». Dans Design Automation and Test in Europe. New Jersey : IEEE Conference Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7873/date.2014.168.

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Cortijo, J. L., et J. L. Lamas. « Turret Design and Construction : Keeping It Off the Critical Path ». Dans Offshore Europe. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/38545-ms.

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Ortin, Marta, Dario Suarez, Maria Villarroya, Cruz Izu et Victor Vinals. « Dynamic construction of circuits for reactive traffic in homogeneous CMPs ». Dans Design Automation and Test in Europe. New Jersey : IEEE Conference Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7873/date.2014.254.

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Skalicky, Sam, Andrew G. Schmidt, Sonia Lopez et Matthew French. « A Unified Hardware/Software MPSoC System Construction and Run-Time Framework ». Dans Design, Automation and Test in Europe. New Jersey : IEEE Conference Publications, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7873/date.2015.0097.

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Sinha, R., P. S. Roop, Z. Salcic et S. Basu. « Correct-by-construction multi-component SoC design ». Dans 2012 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/date.2012.6176551.

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Bai, L. S., R. P. Dick, P. H. Chou et P. A. Dinda. « Automated construction of fast and accurate system-level models for wireless sensor networks ». Dans 2011 Design, Automation & Test in Europe. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/date.2011.5763178.

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Elbayoumi, Mahmoud, Michael S. Hsiao et Mustafa ElNainay. « A Novel Concurrent Cache-friendly Binary Decision Diagram Construction for Multi-core Platforms ». Dans Design Automation and Test in Europe. New Jersey : IEEE Conference Publications, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.7873/date.2013.291.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Design and construction – Europe"

Kaaret, Kaidi, et Evelin Piirsalu. Decarbonizing the EU’s road and construction sectors through green public procurement : the cases of Estonia and Poland. Stockholm Environment Institute, septembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.031.

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Government spending on public works, goods and services in the European Union (EU) accounts for about 14% of the EU’s GDP. Consequently, the EU and its Member States (MS) can make a great impact in accelerating the development and uptake of low-carbon technologies through green public procurement (GPP). This brief is part of a wider project financed by Breakthrough Energy, aiming to understand the divergences in GPP uptake in different EU MS and to identify key barriers to greater adoption and opportunities ahead. Ultimately, the project aims to contribute to greater policy coherence among member states to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as to increase policy support for the design of GPP implementation frameworks and for harmonized GPP target-setting. In 2020, the road transport sector accounted for 23% and 20% of total Estonian and Polish GHG emissions, respectively, while the construction sector represented about 5% and 9% of Estonian and Polish total GHG emissions, respectively. These numbers point to the large mitigation potential that procuring authorities can support by including environmental criteria in procurements. In this brief, we share the results from our desktop research and stakeholder interviews for Estonia and Poland. Results from all cases and additional research will be published in a report later in 2022.

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CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC. Construction : Design and Construction Evaluation (DCE). Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, février 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404141.

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Slocum, Alexander H., Laura A. Demsetz, David H. Levy et Bruce Schena. Design Methodology for Automated Construction Machines. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, décembre 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada207386.

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Fanella, David A., Amaldo T. Derecho et S. K. Ghosh. Design and construction of structural systems. Gaithersburg, MD : National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ncstar.1-1av1.

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Collins, James J. Design and Construction of Genetic Applets. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, mai 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada417910.

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Cormont, Anouk, Peter Verweij, Robert Jan van Oosten, Silke Jacobs, Kees Hendriks, Mariana Hassegawa, Hans Verkerk et al. Mock-ups for the Forest Information System Europe : Content and design. Wageningen : Wageningen Environmental Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/560764.

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Jackson, J. G. Y-12 Sustainable Design Principles for Building Design and Construction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/969028.

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CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC. Engineering and Design. Construction with Large Stone. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, octobre 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada402849.

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McNeese, L. E. ORNL engineering design and construction reengineering report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janvier 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/631227.

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Janet E.R. Mcllvaine, David Beal et Philip Fairey. INTERIOR DUCT SYSTEM DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, AND PERFORMANCE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), octobre 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/823970.

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