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Kumar, Sanjiv, S. Madheswaran et B. P. Vani. « Response of Poverty Pockets to the Right-based Demand-driven MGNREGA Programme ». Review of Development and Change 26, no 1 (23 avril 2021) : 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09722661211005580.
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Forerunning programmes of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), which were designed as poverty elimination programmes, took notice of geographical pockets of poverty and incorporated formula-based fund allocation mechanisms to poorer states and regions. The MGNREGA programme, in contrast, used a right-based ‘self-selection’ approach— relying on the initiative of households’ demand-driven strengths—to allocate need-based resources to states and regions within states. This article examines how well the demand-driven, right-based programme with self-selection allocated resources to states and regions according to their respective needs, and to what extent the benefits reached the poverty pockets and catered to the poorest, weakest and neediest households. We find that adequate resources did not reach the poorest states and regions, substantial numbers of poor households remained outside the programme or were deemed underserved, and there was a pronounced programme capture by elite states. The article explores causes and consequences of capacity limitations and low absorption pulls among states, and points to policy implications and ways forward.
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Torriti, Jacopo, Mohamed G. Hassan et Matthew Leach. « Demand response experience in Europe : Policies, programmes and implementation ». Energy 35, no 4 (avril 2010) : 1575–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2009.05.021.
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Lau, E. T., Q. Yang, L. Stokes, G. A. Taylor, A. B. Forbes, P. Clarkson, P. S. Wright et V. N. Livina. « Carbon savings in the UK demand side response programmes ». Applied Energy 159 (décembre 2015) : 478–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.08.123.
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Buckle, J. S. « Water demand management - philosophy or implementation ? » Water Supply 4, no 3 (1 juin 2004) : 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2004.0040.
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This paper describes the introduction of water demand management in the southern African context. Originally a response to drought conditions, water demand management is now a key element in Rand Water's strategy of water cycle management - a mix of interventions that (holistically and continuously) keep the water industry viable and sustainable. This experience points to awareness and community education programmes being an essential companion to the technical interventions such as leakage reduction measures.
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Hamidpour, Hamidreza, Jamshid Aghaei, Shahab Dehghan, Sasan Pirouzi et Taher Niknam. « Integrated resource expansion planning of wind integrated power systems considering demand response programmes ». IET Renewable Power Generation 13, no 4 (17 janvier 2019) : 519–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2018.5835.
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Olczak, Piotr, Dominik Kryzia, Dominika Matuszewska et Artur Halbina. « Analysis of financial risk of a hard coal mine participation in DSR mechanisms in Poland – a case study ». E3S Web of Conferences 123 (2019) : 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912301005.
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The paper analyses possibilities of a hard coal mine operation as an electricity consumer capable of reducing instantaneous demand for electric power in the case of a Demand Side Response (DSR) call. The analyses considered the risk of service provision or non-provision based on the 2018 data on the electricity consumption and on parameters of the Polish power system. The analyses applied to two types of DSR participation programmes: guaranteed and current, and to an example of hard coal mine from the area of the Upper Silesia, which ordered power was 20 MW. For the current programme (without fines for service non-provision) the optimum value – from the financial risk point of view - was calculated as 6 MW, and for the guaranteed programme results were determined depending on the ratio of price for service provision to the fine for non-provision.
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Simorgh, Hamid, Hasan Doagou-Mojarrad, Hadi Razmi et Gevork B. Gharehpetian. « Cost-based optimal siting and sizing of electric vehicle charging stations considering demand response programmes ». IET Generation, Transmission & ; Distribution 12, no 8 (30 avril 2018) : 1712–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2017.1663.
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Panagiotidis, Paraskevas, Andrew Effraimis et George A. Xydis. « An R-based forecasting approach for efficient demand response strategies in autonomous micro-grids ». Energy & ; Environment 30, no 1 (10 juillet 2018) : 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x18787259.
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The main aim of this work is to reduce electricity consumption for consumers with an emphasis on the residential sector in periods of increased demand. Efforts are focused on creating a methodology in order to statistically analyse energy demand data and come up with forecasting methodology/pattern that will allow end-users to organize their consumption. This research presents an evaluation of potential Demand Response programmes in Greek households, in a real-time pricing market model through the use of a forecasting methodology. Long-term Demand Side Management programs or Demand Response strategies allow end-users to control their consumption based on the bidirectional communication with the system operator, improving not only the efficiency of the system but more importantly, the residential sector-associated costs from the end-users’ side. The demand load data were analysed and categorised in order to form profiles and better understand the consumption patterns. Different methods were tested in order to come up with the optimal result. The Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average modelling methodology was selected in order to ensure forecasts production on load demand with the maximum accuracy.
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Jafari, Farshad, Haidar Samet, Ali Reza Seifi et Mohammad Rastegar. « Developing a two-step method to implement residential demand response programmes in multi-carrier energy systems ». IET Generation, Transmission & ; Distribution 12, no 11 (19 juin 2018) : 2614–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2017.1557.
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Magni, Chiara, Alessia Arteconi, Konstantinos Kavvadias et Sylvain Quoilin. « Modelling the Integration of Residential Heat Demand and Demand Response in Power Systems with High Shares of Renewables ». Energies 13, no 24 (15 décembre 2020) : 6628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246628.
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The EU aims to become the world’s first climate-neutral continent by 2050. In order to meet this target, the integration of high shares of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) in the energy system is of primary importance. Nevertheless, the large deployment of variable renewable sources such as wind and photovoltaic power will pose important challenges in terms of power management. For this reason, increasing the system flexibility will be crucial to ensure the security of supply in future power systems. This work investigates the flexibility potential obtainable from the diffusion of Demand Response (DR) programmes applied to residential heating for different renewables penetration and power system configuration scenarios. To that end, a bottom-up model for residential heat demand and flexible electric heating systems (heat pumps and electric water heaters) is developed and directly integrated into Dispa-SET, an existing unit commitment optimal dispatch model of the power system. The integrated model is calibrated for the case of Belgium and different simulations are performed varying the penetration and type of residential heating technologies, installed renewables capacity and capacity mix. Results show that, at country level, operational cost could be reduced up to €35 million and curtailment up to 1 TWh per year with 1 million flexible electric heating systems installed. These benefits are significantly reduced when nuclear power plants (non-flexible) are replaced by gas-fired units (flexible) and grow when more renewable capacity is added. Moreover, when the number of flexible heating systems increases, a saturation effect of the flexibility is observed.
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Giberti, Matteo, Recep Kaan Dereli, Damian Flynn et Eoin Casey. « Predicting wastewater treatment plant performance during aeration demand shifting with a dual-layer reaction settling model ». Water Science and Technology 81, no 7 (31 juillet 2019) : 1365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.262.
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Abstract Demand response (DR) programmes encourage energy end users to adjust their consumption according to energy availability and price. Municipal wastewater treatment plants are suitable candidates for the application of such programmes. Demand shedding through aeration control, subject to maintaining the plant operational limits, could have a large impact on the plant DR potential. Decreasing the aeration intensity may promote the settling of the particulate components present in the reactor mixed liquor. The scope of this study is thus to develop a mathematical model to describe this phenomenon. For this purpose, Benchmark Simulation Model No.1 was extended by implementing a dual-layer settling model in one of the aerated tanks and combining it with biochemical reaction kinetic equations. The performance of this extended model was assessed in both steady-state and dynamic conditions, switching the aeration system off for 1 hour during each day of simulation. This model will have applications in the identification of potential benefits and issues related to DR events, as well as in the simulation of the plant operation where aerated tank settling is implemented.
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Young, Sympascho, Sierra Williams, Michael Otterstatter, Jennifer Lee et Jane Buxton. « Lessons learned from ramping up a Canadian Take Home Naloxone programme during a public health emergency : a mixed-methods study ». BMJ Open 9, no 10 (octobre 2019) : e030046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030046.
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ObjectivesThis study describes the 2016 expansion of the British Columbia Take Home Naloxone (BCTHN) programme quantitatively and explores the challenges, facilitators and successes during the ramp up from the perspectives of programme stakeholders.DesignMixed-methods study.SettingThe BCTHN programme was implemented in 2012 to reduce opioid overdose deaths by providing naloxone kits and overdose recognition and response training in BC, Canada. An increase in the number of overdose deaths in 2016 in BC led to the declaration of a public health emergency and a rapid ramp up of naloxone kit production and distribution. BCTHN distributes naloxone to the five regional health authorities of BC.ParticipantsFocus groups and key informant interviews were conducted with 18 stakeholders, including BC Centre for Disease Control staff, urban and rural site coordinators, and harm reduction coordinators from the five regional health authorities across BC.Primary and secondary outcome measuresTake Home Naloxone (THN) programme activity, qualitative themes and lessons learnt were identified.ResultsIn 2016, BCTHN responded to a 20-fold increase in demand of naloxone kits and added over 300 distribution sites. Weekly numbers of overdose events and overdose deaths were correlated with increases in THN kits ordered the following week, during 2013–2017. Challenges elicited include forecasting demand, operational logistics, financial, manpower and policy constraints. Facilitators included outsourcing kit production, implementing standing orders and policy changes in naloxone scheduling, which allowed for easier hiring of staff, reduced paperwork and expanded client access.ConclusionFor THN programmes preparing for potential increases in naloxone demand, we recommend creating an online database, implementing standing orders and developing online training resources for standardised knowledge translation to site staff and clients.
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Kumar, Rakesh, Rakesh Ranjan et Mukesh Chandra Verma. « Role of Energy Efficiency and Conservation Including Demand Side Management for Sustainable Development in India ». International Journal of Engineering & ; Technology 7, no 3.12 (20 juillet 2018) : 1210. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.17839.
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Energy is used to provide cost-effective services meet the objectives of promoting sustainable development. The importance of Energy Efficiency and Conservation (EE and EC) is to conserve depleting energy resources. Energy efficiency in India has been increasing which has led the Government of India through the Energy Conservation Act (ECA) and the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) to begin several programs. Demand Side Management (DSM) and Energy Efficiency and Conservation are improving the economic growth of Indian utilities.DSM also aimed at promoting the installation and use of energy efficient equipment that consume less power having good quality of output. Energy efficiency is important for sustainable future. Demand Side Management including Demand Response (DR) Activity is utilized to limit the peak electricity demand. DSM helps grid operators to act as virtual power plants and power the utilities to transmit energy when needed through demand response measures. Demand Response (DR) measures can be adapted for a industrial and commercial facility that includes turning off air conditioning, lighting, pumps, and other non-essential equipment. Demand Response is a Demand Side Management (DSM) method in which the end users of electricity are encouraged to take part in dropping the peak load on the system by altering their normal energy consumption schedule. The basic objective of the Agriculture, Municipal and Industrial Demand Side Management (DSM) programmes are to improve the overall energy efficiency of the SLDC (State Load Dispatch Centre) and Electricity Grids which could lead to substantial savings in the electricity consumption, resulting in cost reduction and savings. The target of energy saving can be achieved by implementing acts and policies which leads to state wise DSM Regulations by Regulatory Commissions to the State Power Utilities. The Role of DSM and Energy Efficiency including conservation can fulfill the dreams projects electricity demand in Smart Cities. The Role of State Electricity Regulatory Commissions and Forum of Regulators are very important to make India’s electricity demand in future.
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Jalan, Divyanshi, Helene Morakis, Neil Arya, Yassen Tcholakov, Jennifer Carpenter et William Cherniak. « Global health training in Canadian family medicine residency programmes ». Family Medicine and Community Health 8, no 1 (mars 2020) : e000250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/fmch-2019-000250.
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ObjectiveCanadian family medicine (FM) residency programmes are responding to the growing demand to provide global health (GH) education to their trainees; herein, we describe the various GH activities (GHAs) offered within Canadian FM programmes.DesignA bilingual online survey was sent out to all 17 Canadian FM program directors (PDs) and/or an appointed GH representative.SettingOnline survey via QualtricsParticipantsAll 17 Canadian FM PDs and/or an appointed GH representative.ResultsThe response rate was 100% and represented 3250 first-year and second-year FM residents across English and French Canada. All schools stated that they participate in some form of GHAs. There was variation in the level of organisation, participation and types of GHAs offered. Overall, most GHAs are optional, and there is a large amount of variation in terms of resident participation. Approximately one third of programmes receive dedicated funding for their GHAs, and two thirds wish to increase the scope/variety of GHAs.ConclusionThese results suggest nationwide interest in developing a workforce trained in GH, but show great discrepancies in training, implementation and education.
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Munro, Tim, et Paul Childerhouse. « Construction supply chain integration : Understanding its applicability in infrastructure asset maintenance and renewal programmes ». International Journal of Construction Supply Chain Management 8, no 1 (31 juillet 2018) : 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14424/ijcscm801018-01-18.
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Extant research in construction supply chains focuses on new asset construction projects, with little addressing longer duration asset and network renewal and maintenance programmes. The purpose of this research is to address a gap in construction supply chain research, and consider if supply chain integration is applicable in long-term work programmes in civil infrastructure. This qualitative research draws on data provided by semi-structured interviews with contractors, clients, sub-contractors and materials providers from two roading network case studies. The data were analysed using ethnographic content analysis in three stages, which generated propositions aligned to aggregate dimensions identified in the literature. The findings suggest that thereis an underlying demand and value for increased integration, and a willingness and trust amongst the focal actors to integrate more with upstream and horizontal partners. However, implementation would be hindered by the focal actors’ limited capabilitiesand maturity in supply chain management and supply chain integration. The research concludes that focal actors, delivering long-term programmes of planned and response works, could adapt prevailing supply chain methodologies to benefit from increased integration. The research contributes to knowledge through an increased understanding of supply chain integration considerations in asset maintenance and renewal programmes.
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Gelli, Aulo, et Francisco Espejo. « School feeding, moving from practice to policy : reflections on building sustainable monitoring and evaluation systems ». Public Health Nutrition 16, no 6 (20 septembre 2012) : 995–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012003989.
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AbstractObjectiveTo provide an overview of the status of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of school feeding across sub-Saharan Africa and to reflect on the experience on strengthening M&E systems to influence policy making in low-income countries.DesignLiterature review on the M&E of school feeding programmes as well as data from World Food Programme surveys.SettingSub-Saharan Africa.SubjectsCountries implementing school feeding.ResultsOnly two randomized controlled impact evaluations have been implemented in sub-Saharan Africa. Where M&E data collection is underway, the focus is on process and service delivery and not on child outcomes. M&E systems generally operate under the Ministry of Education, with other Ministries represented within technical steering groups supporting implementation. There is no internationally accepted standardized framework for the M&E of school feeding. There have been examples where evidence of programme performance has influenced policy: considering the popularity of school feeding these cases though are anecdotal, highlighting the opportunity for systemic changes.ConclusionsThere is strong buy-in on school feeding from governments in sub-Saharan Africa. In response to this demand, development partners have been harmonizing their support to strengthen national programmes, with a focus on M&E. However, policy processes are complex and can be influenced by a number of factors. A comprehensive but simple approach is needed where the first step is to ensure a valid mandate to intervene, legitimizing the interaction with key stakeholders, involving them in the problem definition and problem solving. This process has been facilitated through the provision of technical assistance and exposure to successful experiences through South–South cooperation and knowledge exchange.
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Smadja, Tiana, et Frédéric Muel. « Analysis of EU legume value chains from the H2020 LegValue project : What insights for organic value chains ? » OCL 28 (2021) : 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2021005.
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This paper presents the results of a legume-based value chain analysis based on twenty-seven case studies in the H2020 LegValue project and discusses those relating to organic legume-based value chains. The analysis aims to illustrate the diversity of legume-based value chains and to discuss the conditions by which they can successfully meet the growing demand for legumes in the EU. The research is based on a qualitative survey of the value chain stakeholders in the case studies. Regarding organic legume-based value chains, the analysis reveals two types that depend on the stakeholder type at the launch of the value chain, the stakeholder’s primary objective in the chain, and the organic legume species involved. The first value chain type is launched by extension services with an aim of developing the organic production of a single legume species. The second type is launched by a stakeholder (processor or collector) acting further downstream in response to market demand for several legume species. A key success factor for these value chains is the ability of the launcher to ensure close coordination along the chain. To achieve this, several means and tools have been identified: the setting-up of a value chain development project, the implementation of contracting practices, production support programmes (technical assistance, financial support), and market support programmes (information sharing, regulation, facilitators).
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KRUMKAMP, R., M. KRETZSCHMAR, J. W. RUDGE, A. AHMAD, P. HANVORAVONGCHAI, J. WESTENHOEFER, M. STEIN, W. PUTTHASRI et R. COKER. « Health service resource needs for pandemic influenza in developing countries : a linked transmission dynamics, interventions and resource demand model ». Epidemiology and Infection 139, no 1 (5 octobre 2010) : 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268810002220.
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SUMMARYWe used a mathematical model to describe a regional outbreak and extrapolate the underlying health-service resource needs. This model was designed to (i) estimate resource gaps and quantities of resources needed, (ii) show the effect of resource gaps, and (iii) highlight which particular resources should be improved. We ran the model, parameterized with data from the 2009 H1N1v pandemic, for two provinces in Thailand. The predicted number of preventable deaths due to resource shortcomings and the actual resource needs are presented for two provinces and for Thailand as a whole. The model highlights the potentially huge impact of health-system resource availability and of resource gaps on health outcomes during a pandemic and provides a means to indicate where efforts should be concentrated to effectively improve pandemic response programmes.
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Herbert, Wilson E., Francis Onyilo, Emeka E. Ene et Ioraver N. Tsegba. « Fraud and Forensic Accounting Education : Prospects and Challenges in Nigeria ». International Journal of Business and Management 12, no 7 (6 juin 2017) : 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v12n7p146.
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This study first investigates the availability of fraud and forensic accounting (FFA) education in Nigeria. The paper then analyses the perceptions of academics and practitioners on the demand for, relevance and integration of, FFA in Nigeria. The data obtained through a questionnaire survey was analysed using descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis (K-W) and Chi-Square tests. The results (i) indicate an increasing market demand for fraud examiners and forensic accountants; and (ii) suggest that FFA be given adequate coverage in the accounting curriculum in response to market demand. On the benefits of FFA education and training, there is virtual unanimity that it will: (i) widen the employment horizon and opportunities for graduates; (ii) help to combat fraud, corruption and financial crimes, (iii) strengthen the credibility of financial reporting, and (iv) help to rebuild investors’ confidence and trust in financial reports. The findings also support integration at both the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. The policy implication draws attention to regulatory importance and expediency of integrating FFA education into the accounting curriculum. This calls for regulatory initiative in developing the Benchmark Minimum Academic Standards (BMAS) for FFA programmes at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels.
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Riumallo-Herl, Carlos, et Emma Aguila. « The effect of old-age pensions on health care utilization patterns and insurance uptake in Mexico ». BMJ Global Health 4, no 6 (novembre 2019) : e001771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001771.
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IntroductionAs old-age pensions continue to expand around the world in response to population ageing, policymakers increasingly wish to understand their impact on healthcare demand. In this paper, we examine the effects of supplemental income to older adults on healthcare use patterns, expenditures and insurance uptake in Yucatan, Mexico.MethodWe use a longitudinal survey for individuals aged 70 or older and an individual fixed-effects difference-in-difference approach to understand the effect of an income supplement on healthcare use patterns, out-of-pocket expenditures and health insurance uptake patterns.ResultsThe implementation of the old-age pension was associated with increased use of healthcare with nuanced effects on the type of care. Old-age pensions increase the use of formal healthcare by 15 percentage points (95% CI 6.1 to 23.9) for those with healthcare use at baseline and by 7.5 percentage points (95% CI 3.7 to 11.3) for those without healthcare use at baseline. We find no evidence of greater out-of-pocket expenditures, likely because old-age pensions were associated with a 4.2 percentage point (95% CI 1.5 to 6.9) increase in use of public health insurance.ConclusionOld-age pensions can shift healthcare demand towards formal services and eliminate financial barriers to basic care. Pension benefits can also increase the uptake of insurance programmes. These results demonstrate how social programmes can complement each other This highlights the potential role of old-age pensions in achieving universal health coverage for individuals at older ages.
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Hirsch, Richard G. « The Ninetieth Anniversary of the World Union for Progressive Judaism ». European Judaism 49, no 1 (1 mars 2016) : 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ej.2016.490110.
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AbstractThe ninetieth anniversary of the World Union enables us to highlight our achievements. In 1973 we moved the international headquarters from New York to Jerusalem and built a magnificent cultural/educational centre there. We pioneered the development of a dynamic Reform/Progressive movement in Israel consisting of congregations, kibbutzim, an Israel religious action centre and educational, cultural and youth programmes. We became active leaders in the Jewish Agency for Israel and the World Zionist Organization. We established synagogues and educational programmes in the Former Soviet Union, Europe, Latin America and the Far East, thus fulfilling our mandate to perpetuate Jewish life wherever Jews live. We formulated an ideology of Reform Zionism as an antidote to the contracting Jewish identity induced by contemporary diaspora conditions. Whereas we encourage aliyah for Jews who want to live in Israel, we are adamantly opposed to those who advocate aliyah as a positive response to anti-Semitism. Instead, we demand that European democracies guarantee equal rights and full security to Jews as well as to all other groups in society.
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Li, Defeng. « The Teaching Of Commercial Translation In Hong Kong ». Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 45, no 3 (15 novembre 1999) : 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.45.3.02li.
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Abstract Translation has always been an important activity in Hong Kong as a bilingual society. As a result of a series of political changes over the past three decades, there has been a burgeoning of commercial translation activities and hence a greater demand for transíators. In response to this societal demand, commercial translation has been set up as one of the core courses in all translation departments and programs in the seven out of eight government-funded tertiary institutions. This paper, beginning with an overview of translation and translation teaching in Hong Kong, takes a critical look at the curricular issues in commercial translation and identifies the major problems thereof. Suggestions are then put forward to solve some of the problems. Résumé La traduction a toujours été une activité importante à Hong Kong du fait qu'il s'agit d'une société bilingue. Comme conséquence d'une série de changements politiques au cours des trente dernières années, il y a une efflorescence des activités de traduction commerciale et dès lors, une plus grande demande de traducteurs. En réponse à cette demande de la société, la traduction commerciale est devenue l'un des cours fondamentaux dans tous les départements et programmes de traduction dans sept sur huit des institutions tertiaires subsidiées par le gouvernement. Cet article, débutant par un aperçu général de la traduction et de l'enseignement de la traduction à Hong Kong, considère d'un oeil scrutateur les points essentiels des plans d'études concernant la traduction commerciale et identifie les problèmes majeurs y afférents. Des suggestions sont alors proposées afin d'apporter une solution à certains problèmes.
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Fagrell, Per, Anna Fahlgren et Svante Gunnarsson. « Curriculum development and quality work in higher education in Sweden : The external stakeholder perspective ». Journal of Praxis in Higher Education 2, no 1 (24 août 2020) : 28–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47989/kpdc62.
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This article provides an external stakeholder perspective on the influence of higher education in Sweden, exploring their views on curriculum development and quality work at the programme level. Semi-structured interviews with a selected number of representatives of external stakeholders involved in various educational areas were conducted at seven higher education institutions. The participants argued that changes in their business sectors, and subsequent changes in the knowledge and skills in the labour needed, should encourage higher education institutions to adjust and develop their programmes. They did not anticipate or demand immediate changes in response to their comments, nor did they see themselves as a part of any quality assurance scheme. Uncertainties about the internal decision-making process and organisation in higher education institutions apparently do not facilitate external stakeholders’ understanding of their role in the larger scheme. However, all informants had comments on quality in higher education, perceiving it predominantly as something connected to the world of work. The practical implication of this study is that curriculum development at higher education institutions would benefit from communicating the internal decision-making processes to external stakeholders and agreeing on the expectations with them, in collaboration.
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Lindridge, Jaqualine, Kevin Reynard, Rob Kemp, Richard Brownhill et Jerry Penn-Ashman. « PP31 Ambulance handover : a thematic review of delays in 2018/19 ». Emergency Medicine Journal 37, no 10 (25 septembre 2020) : e14.2-e14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2020-999abs.31.
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BackgroundAmbulance handover delays are an important indicator of an emergency care system under pressure. Delayed handovers compromise patient safety in the Emergency Department (ED). As a direct consequence patients wait longer for an emergency ambulance response, and as a result patient safety in the community is also compromised. We explored factors perceived to contribute to ambulance handover delays at EDs in an urban area of England, in order to inform delay reduction strategies.MethodsFifteen EDs were visited as part of a regional improvement programme. Ambulance handover processes were observed, and staff involved in the process were informally interviewed. A data corpus of twenty-nine written reports was generated. These reports were anonymised and thematic analysis was used inductively to explore the phenomenon of ambulance handover delay. Pattern coding was used to identify and cluster common themes, with magnitude coding added to identify the most prevalent themes.ResultsPerceived reasons for ambulance handover delay arose from a number of factors. A mismatch was frequently seen between handover capacity and demand. This occurred alongside, but was also frequently observed to be independent of, ED exit block. Approaches to escalation were often sub-optimal. This was observed both before and after an ambulance queue developed. Processes were often uneconomical by design, and pathways were frequently inefficient. Inter-professional culture was identified as an important, cross-cutting theme, with a lack of urgency to release ambulances frequently observed.ConclusionsOur results suggest several factors influence ambulance handover delays. Programmes which aim to improve overall hospital flow, streamline pathways and processes, and improve escalation are needed. Programmes should also seek to improve the inter-professional culture relating to ambulance handover. Limitations to this enquiry include an opportunistic, retrospective approach and use of a convenience sample. There are few empirical studies which address the causes of ambulance handover delay. More research is needed on this important patient safety issue.
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Plunkett, Patrick F. « The impact of perfusionist education programme characteristics on programme directors' responsibilities ». Perfusion 11, no 5 (septembre 1996) : 371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765919601100503.
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The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of four programme characteristics (curriculum design, type of degree offered, length of programme and number of students per class) on perfusionist education programme directors (PDs) in the USA in terms of the number of hours worked per week, number of cases pumped per year and workload mix. Descriptive and statistical analyses were performed on the responses to questionnaires sent to all perfusionist programmes between March 1993 and April 1994. PDs reported working an average of 51.8 h/week and pumping an average of 68.8 cases per year. All but one respondent reported spending more than 50% of his/her time (mean 74.5% ± 19%) on programme-related issues such as administration, classroom teaching and clinical instruction. This level of commitment, as well as the total number of hours worked per week, were not found to be influenced by the programme's length, duration, class size or type of degree awarded. However, PDs of baccalaureate programmes, and programmes with more than nine students spent a significantly greater proportion of their time on administrative issues than their colleagues in other types of programmes. The bureaucratic demands of baccalaureate and large programmes require PDs to devote an average of 39.5% of their time to administration, compared to 27.2% in the other programmes. The results of this study show that the operation of all perfusionist education programmes requires a major commitment of time on the part of the individual designated as PD.
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Rusca, M., J. Heun et K. Schwartz. « Water management simulation games and the construction of knowledge ». Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 16, no 8 (16 août 2012) : 2749–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2749-2012.
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Abstract. In recent years, simulations have become an important part of teaching activities. The reasons behind the popularity of simulation games are twofold. On the one hand, emerging theories on how people learn have called for an experienced-based learning approach. On the other hand, the demand for water management professionals has changed. Three important developments are having considerable consequences for water management programmes, which educate and train these professionals. These developments are the increasing emphasis on integration in water management, the characteristics and speed of reforms in the public sector and the shifting state-society relations in many countries. In response to these developments, demand from the labour market is oriented toward water professionals who need to have both a specialist in-depth knowledge in their own field, as well as the ability to understand and interact with other disciplines and interests. In this context, skills in negotiating, consensus building and working in teams are considered essential for all professionals. In this paper, we argue that simulation games have an important role to play in (actively) educating students and training the new generation of water professionals to respond to the above-mentioned challenges. At the same time, simulations are not a panacea for learners and teachers. Challenges of using simulation games include the demands it places on the teacher. Setting up the simulation game, facilitating the delivery and ensuring that learning objectives are achieved require considerable knowledge and experience as well as considerable time-inputs of the teacher. Moreover, simulation games usually incorporate a case-based learning model, which may neglect or underemphasize theories and conceptualizations. For simulations to be effective, they have to be embedded in this larger theoretical and conceptual framework. Simulations, therefore, complement rather than substitute traditional teaching methods.
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Rusca, M., J. Heun et K. Schwartz. « Water management simulation games and the construction of knowledge ». Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 9, no 3 (12 mars 2012) : 3063–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-9-3063-2012.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract. In recent years simulations have become an important part of teaching activities. The reasons behind the popularity of simulation games are twofold. On the one hand, emerging theories on how people learn have called for an experienced-based learning approach. On the other hand, the demand for water management professionals has changed. Three important developments are having considerable consequences for water management programmes, which educate and train these professionals. These developments are the increasing emphasis on integration in water management, the characteristics and speed of reforms in the public sector and the shifting state-society relations in many countries. In response to these developments, demand from the labour market is oriented toward water professionals who need to have both a specialist in-depth knowledge in their own field, as well as the ability to understand and interact with other disciplines and interests. In this context, skills in negotiating, consensus building and working in teams are considered essential for all professionals. In this paper we argue that simulation games have an important role to play in (actively) educating students and training the new generation of water professionals to respond to the above-mentioned challenges. At the same time, simulations are not a panacea for learners and teachers. Challenges of using simulations games include the demands it places on the teacher. Setting up the simulation game, facilitating the delivery and ensuring that learning objectives are achieved requires considerable knowledge and experience as well as considerable time-inputs of the teacher. Moreover, simulation games usually incorporate a case-based learning model, which may neglect or underemphasize theories and conceptualization. For simulations to be effective they have to be embedded in this larger theoretical and conceptual framework. Simulations, therefore, complement rather than substitute traditional teaching methods.
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Adelekan, Ademola L., Gabriel Musa, Hamza Aliyu, Remi Obinatu, Williams Shaibu, Patrick Adah, Segun Adeoye et al. « Achievements and implications of HIV prevention programme among uniform service personnel : a systematic evaluation of HAF II project in Kogi state, Nigeria ». International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no 2 (25 janvier 2017) : 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20170300.
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Background: Considering HIV pandemic among uniform service personnel (UPS), a lot of HIV intervention programmes designed to mitigate the spread have not been very successful thus the introduction of the HIV minimum prevention package intervention (MPPI). This paper therefore presents the achievements of HIV prevention programme among UPS in Kogi State, Nigeria including its implications for programming.Methods: This project was implemented among uniform service personnel who are in army, police, custom and prison in Kogi State. A total of 2676 was an estimated sample size for this intervention and MPPI was used for implementation of project activities. Data were entered on DHIS2 platform and later exported and analyzed using Microsoft Excel.Results: Out of the total number of 67 community dialogues/advocacies carried out during the project period, 56.7% were done in 2014 and a total of 187 participants participated with a participating rate of 62.0% and 38.0% in 2014 and 2015 respectively. The total number of condoms distributed during the entire project was 7,387 and 3038 peers were registered during the project. A total of 82.6% and 71.6% were reached with HIV counselling and testing and MPPI respectively while the prevalence of HIV was 5.3%.Conclusions: This intervention successfully scaled-up demand creation for condoms and HIV counselling and testing among uniform service personnel. More engagement at all levels to engender political commitment and ownership of the HIV response with a view of ensuring sustainability through increased funding should therefore be encouraged.
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Larsuphrom, Phureephat, et Gladys Oluyemisi Latunde-Dada. « Association of Serum Hepcidin Levels with Aerobic and Resistance Exercise : A Systematic Review ». Nutrients 13, no 2 (27 janvier 2021) : 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020393.
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Background: Prevalence of iron deficiency is commonly reported among athletic population groups. It impairs physical performance due to insufficient oxygen delivery to target organs and low energy production. This is due to the high demand of exercise on oxygen delivery for systemic metabolism by the erythrocytes in the blood. Hepcidin, the key regulator of iron homeostasis, decreases to facilitate iron efflux into the circulation during enhanced erythropoiesis. However, acute anaemia of exercise is caused by increased hepcidin expression that is induced by stress and inflammatory signal. The study aimed to systematically review changes in serum hepcidin levels during resistance and aerobic exercise programmes. Methods: A systemic literature search from 2010 to April 2020 across seven databases comprised of Cochrane library, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, MEDLINE, and OpenGrey. The primary outcome was increased or decreased serum hepcidin from baseline after the exercise activity. Risks of bias were evaluated by using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for quality assessment of before and after different exercise programmes. Results: Overall, twenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Out of the 23 studies, 16 studies reported significantly exercise-induced serum hepcidin elevation. Of the 17 studies that evaluated serum interleukin (IL)-6 levels, 14 studies showed significant exercise-induced serum IL-6 elevation. Changes in exercise-induced serum hepcidin and IL-6 levels were similar in both resistance and endurance exercise. Significant correlations were observed between post-exercise hepcidin and baseline ferritin levels (r = 0.69, p < 0.05) and between post-exercise hepcidin and post-exercise IL-6 (r = 0.625, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Resistance and endurance training showed significant increase in serum hepcidin and IL-6 levels in response to exercise. Baseline ferritin and post-exercise IL-6 elevation are key determining factors in the augmentation of hepcidin response to exercise.
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Siddiqui, Fakhari A. « Importance of a Population Policy in Pakistan (The Mahbub ul Haq Memorial Lecture) ». Pakistan Development Review 40, no 4I (1 décembre 2001) : 345–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v40i4ipp.345-369.
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The primary purpose of this lecture is to make a case for an integrated and effective population policy in Pakistan. An effective population policy is critical in its own right. It is also essential for maximising the positive outcome of all of Pakistan’s development efforts. Despite some very modest progress, the overall population growth rate is still so high that it warrants serious concern. Among the top ten contributors to world population growth during 1995-2000, Pakistan stood third in absolute number, and was Number One in rate of growth. The average total fertility rate per woman of 5.2 in Pakistan, as compared to 2.4 in Indonesia, 2.9 in Iran, and 3.1 in India, is indeed problematic and requires an appropriate policy response. A broader view of population growth and economic development is suggested instead of a narrow family planning focus. Thus family planning programmes (supply-side) would be effective only when the population at large has the desire or motivation for smaller families (demand-side). It is shown that the demand-side of the equation is influenced by a host of social, cultural, religious, educational, and other factors. For purposes of this paper, all these are taken together and termed the knowledge factor. It is suggested that a successful population policy must have a clear focus on increasing the knowledge factor in the country through education and advocacy.
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Bank Indonesia, Quarterly Report Team. « QUARTERLY ANALYSIS : The Progress of Monetary, Banking and Payment System Quarter 2, 2009 ». Buletin Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan 12, no 1 (16 avril 2010) : 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v12i1.464.
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Developments in the global economy suggest a gathering momentum in the recoveryprocess, although still daunted by risks. process, although still daunted by risks. In developed nations, various indicators of macroeconomic recovery have shown an improving trend. Government-sponsored stimulus packages and financial sector stabilisation programmes have successfully bolstered public confidence, and in turn strengthened consumption. Conditions on credit markets have also begun to improve in an added development encouraging greater private consumption. Despite this, stubbornly high levels of unemployment pose risks daunting the economic recovery process in these nations. On the other hand, economic recovery is gaining momentum in emerging market countries, led by China, India and Korea. Investment activity in China, under way since the beginning of the year, is supported by a fiscal stimulus through infrastructure spending and brisk credit expansion Resurgent domestic demand in these Asian economies has stimulated improved economic performance in other countries in the region. Despite this, the economic improvement in some emerging market countries is not yet regarded sufficient to compensate for the slowdown in advanced economies. In response to these developments, further contraction is predicted in the global economy, although at a lesser pace.
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Aguayo, Victor M., Sonia Kahn, Carina Ismael et Stephan Meershoek. « Vitamin A deficiency and child mortality in Mozambique ». Public Health Nutrition 8, no 1 (février 2005) : 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004664.
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AbstractBackground:In areas where vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is prevalent, vitamin A repletion reduces child mortality by 23% on average.Objectives:To estimate the potential child survival benefits of policies and programmes aimed at controlling VAD in Mozambique, and to make policy and programme recommendations.Methods:The potential contribution of VAD to child mortality in Mozambique was estimated by combining the observed VAD prevalence in the under-5s (71.2%), the measured child mortality effects of VAD (risk of death in children with VAD = 1.75 times higher than in children without VAD) and the observed under-5 mortality rate in the country (210 per 1000 live births).Results:In Mozambique, an estimated 2.3 million children below the age of 5 years are vitamin-A-deficient. In the absence of appropriate policy and programme action, VAD will be the attributable cause of over 30 000 deaths annually in the under-5s. This represents 34.8% of all-cause mortality in this age group.Discussion:Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) has been adopted as a short- to medium-term strategy to control VAD in children, and is integrated into routine child health services. However, the last VAS coverage survey showed that only 46% of children received a vitamin A supplement in the 6 months preceding the survey. If VAS coverage is to increase significantly in the foreseeable future, four areas appear to be of paramount importance: (1) reduce missed opportunities for VAS such as visits of sick children to child health services and community outreach activities; (2) take advantage of all potential opportunities for accelerating VAS coverage, such as additional vaccination campaigns and emergency response activities; (3) strengthen health workers’ training, supervision and monitoring skills; and (4) increase community demand for VAS of children. Biannual VAS, as the primary component of an integrated strategy for VAD control in children, has the promise to be among the most cost-effective/high-impact child survival interventions in Mozambique.
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Bruton, Anthony. « Questions about CLIL which are unfortunately still not outdated : A reply to Pérez-Cañado ». Applied Linguistics Review 10, no 4 (26 novembre 2019) : 591–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2017-0059.
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AbstractThis response to Pérez-Cañado’s (2017) disappointing defence of CLIL interests insists on the need for a clear definition of CLIL not only so that it can be characterised for comparative purposes, but also so that the fundamentals underlying it can be scrutinised, instead of the continued hedging of bets on a moving target, justified for its contextual flexibility. As an example, whether CLIL classes are accompanied by FL classes on the curriculum or not is not a minor issue, both practically and theoretically. In addition other questions are reconsidered such as the communicative nature of CLIL, especially when it comes to whether the content is likely to be more motivating, and the supposed egalitarianism of CLIL initiatives. Finally, two research issues are discussed. Firstly, an example demonstrates how it is perfectly legitimate to critique empirical CLIL research which argues apparently beneficial results from a ‘due to’ stance by countering it with ‘despite’ arguments, while leaving much of the flawed CLIL research aside. Secondly, there is a reiterated demand that disinterested research at a curricular level confront outcomes in both the FLs and the content covered in CLIL programmes for all the state-school students affected both directly or indirectly, and in comparable terms.
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Hydarav, Rustam, Obianuju Igweonu, Saumya Anand, Mwakisha Jemimah, Almaz Merdekios, Leila Abrar, Joseph Okeibunor et Sam Okiror. « Establishment and Use of Polio Communication Network in Response to Polio in Outbreak Countries of the Horn of Africa : 2013–2014 ». Journal of Immunological Sciences Special Issue, no 2 (30 avril 2021) : 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.29245/2578-3009/2021/s2.1117.
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Background: Between 2013 and 2014, the Horn of Africa countries experienced a severe and prolonged outbreak of polio viruses. It started in one district in Somalia but quickly became a national and even international disaster, crossing international boundaries into Kenya and Ethiopia. This paper documents experiences in the establishment and contributions of the Polio Communication Network (PCN) to the polio outbreak response in the outbreak countries of Somalia, Kenya and Ethiopia from 2013 to 2015. Process: The establishment of the PCN network of partnerships and technical assistance was designed to implement a strategic communication response. Various strategies were used to establish the PCN. Some of these strategies included partnerships with faith-based organizations; involvement of local leaders in microplanning; social mobilization committees and research, monitoring, evaluation and documentation structures. Major Outcomes: PCN contributions through sustained high levels of community awareness of polio rounds were demonstrated. The contributions of the context-sensitive approaches included significant gains in reaching traditionally missed, hard-to-reach, pastoral communities with polio information, improved communication capacity, and successful closure of the outbreak within the expected timeline. This PCN experience provides important communication lessons relevant to polio eradication and other public health programmes. The focus on building capacity in areas such as monitoring, and data collection generated social data that led to the communication approaches making a significant impact. PCN contributed to a better understanding of the behavioral and environmental factors affecting the demand for, and uptake of, health services in the HoA which can be extended to most of the countries in the HoA with the same demographic and epidemiological realities. Conclusion: The use of the PCN helped bring the 2013-2014 polio outbreak under control and illustrates how the PCN can help drive progress towards the realization of the agenda of the universal health coverage and vision 2030 agenda in the African Region and elsewhere.
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White, Lee V., et Nicole D. Sintov. « Inaccurate consumer perceptions of monetary savings in a demand-side response programme predict programme acceptance ». Nature Energy 3, no 12 (décembre 2018) : 1101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41560-018-0285-y.
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Laursen, Julie, et Ben Laws. « Honour and respect in Danish prisons : Contesting ‘cognitive distortions’ in cognitive-behavioural programmes ». Punishment & ; Society 19, no 1 (1 août 2016) : 74–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474516649175.
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Using empirical data from prison-based cognitive-behavioural programmes, this article considers how prisoners’ subcultural capital shapes their responses to demands for ‘cognitive self-change’. We argue that accounts of ‘respect’ in the prior literature fail to capture how prisoners react to these programmes, and that a discussion of honour (and what we term ‘respect plus’) needs to be incorporated. The empirical material derives from four different cognitive-behavioural programme setups in three Danish prisons and semi-structured interviews with participants and course instructors. By attempting to create accountable and rational actors, who ‘self-manage’, the therapeutic ethos neglects participants’ life experiences and subcultural capital. Open expressions of moral values by prisoners (such as displays of honour and respect) are considered to be cognitive distortions which are dismissed by instructors, while alternative and ‘correct’ thinking styles are prescribed. Our findings advance understandings of the meanings of honour and respect in prisons in general and in cognitive-behavioural programmes in particular.
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Potolea, Dan, Steliana Toma et Oana Monica Moșoiu. « Emergence of a new type of doctorate ; professional doctorate ». Studia Doctoralia 1, no 1-2 (5 septembre 2018) : 7–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47040/sd/sdpsych.v1i1-2.1.
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Increasing number of students enrolled in doctoral programmes and the emergence of the new types of doctoral programmes across the world's universities as a response to various demands from a wide range of professional context has shown that professional doctorate has become a new challenge and opened new horizons in higher education. This article examines the road of the professional doctorate from beginning to current status and possible trends. The professional doctorate is examined in its relationship with the so-called traditional scientific doctorate. The paper focuses on some of the aspects that gives identity and legitimacy to this type of doctorate: programme aims, structure, content, duration, recruitment and admissions, students' motivation to enroll professional doctorate, status, financial support, standards, and thesis contributions. It also presents the status of the professional doctorate in Romania and some ideas as a basis for further examination of the professional doctorate.
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Potolea, Dan, Steliana Toma et Oana Mosoiu. « Emergence of a new type of doctorate ; professional doctorate ». Studia Doctoralia 1, no 1-2 (6 mai 2012) : 7–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47040/sd0000001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Increasing number of students enrolled in doctoral programmes and the emergence of the new types of doctoral programmes across the world's universities as a response to various demands from a wide range of professional context has shown that professional doctorate has become a new challenge and opened new horizons in higher education. This article examines the road of the professional doctorate from beginning to current status and possible trends. The professional doctorate is examined in its relationship with the so-called traditional scientific doctorate. The paper focuses on some of the aspects that gives identity and legitimacy to this type of doctorate: programme aims, structure, content, duration, recruitment and admissions, students' motivation to enroll professional doctorate, status, financial support, standards, and thesis contributions. It also presents the status of the professional doctorate in Romania and some ideas as a basis for further examination of the professional doctorate.
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Hughes, Stephen, Sophie Lewis, Karen Willis, Anne Rogers, Sally Wyke et Lorraine Smith. « How do facilitators of group programmes for long-term conditions conceptualise self-management support ? » Chronic Illness 16, no 2 (1 août 2018) : 104–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742395318792068.
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Objectives Increasing self-management skills in people with long-term conditions is widely advocated in policies and guidelines. Group programmes are a common format; yet, how self-management support objectives are enacted in their delivery is poorly understood. Our aim is to explore the perspectives of group programme facilitators. Methods We undertook thematic analysis of transcribed data from in-depth semi-structured interviews with health professional facilitators (n = 13) from six diverse self-management support group programmes (of obesity, diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Results Facilitators viewed group programmes as responses to health system pressures, e.g. high patient demand. They focussed on providing in-depth education and instruction on physical health, risks and lifestyle behaviour change and emphasised self-responsibility for behaviour change whilst minimising goal setting and support amongst group participants. There were tensions between facilitators’ professional identity and group leader role. Discussion Group self-management support programmes may not be realising the broader aspirations advocated in long-term condition policy to support medical, emotional and social aspects of long-term conditions by minimising shared learning, problem solving, building of self-efficacy and goal setting. This suggests a disconnect at implementation. Increasing understandings of theoretical and practical self-management support in group programmes across both implementation and health professional (HCP) training will further the professional skills in this format.
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Hlalele, Thabo G., Jiangfeng Zhang, Raj M. Naidoo et Ramesh C. Bansal. « Multi-objective economic dispatch with residential demand response programme under renewable obligation ». Energy 218 (mars 2021) : 119473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119473.
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Rajabi, Firouzeh, Abolfazl Salami et Maryam Azimi. « Hierarchical and multi-level demand response programme considering the flexibility of loads ». IET Generation, Transmission & ; Distribution 14, no 6 (27 mars 2020) : 1051–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.1397.
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Kumar, Sanjiv, S. Madheswaran et B. P. Vani. « Social Justice and Inclusion Within the Right-based Universal Workfare Programme with Self-selection : Lessons and Ways Forward from the Participation of SCs and STs in MGNREGA in Karnataka ». Journal of Social Inclusion Studies 6, no 1 (juin 2020) : 24–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2394481120944800.
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MGNREGA is a right-based universal, demand-driven workforce programme with self-selection, providing 100 days of guaranteed employment and productive asset to the poor households (HHs). Its universalism assured unlimited resources to satisfy any demand and hard manual labour ensured that only poor would like to access it by design. The programme earmarked 33 per cent share for women but did not as a right or policy incorporate any definite share or affirmative action for the Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes (SCs/STs) like other flagship programmes of Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) or Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY). In the light of the above paradigm, this study explores as to how far this programme had accommodated the interests and requirements of the SCs/STs in Karnataka, providing equitable wage work and productive sustainable assets by building their awareness, providing them equitable space in participatory planning and grassroots monitoring, augmenting their capability to demand work and enabling them to self-select, and in case of breach of their rights approaching accountability through social audit or Ombudsman. The study finds low awareness, low grassroots participation in planning and monitoring, and inequitable participation of SCs/STs in both wage employment and assets. The study finds exclusion of SCs/STs from the assets sharper and more pronounced than their exclusion in wage employment. The study finds evidence that a right-based workfare programme with self-selection alone was incapable of being a substitute for earmarking (reservation, affirmative action) and protecting the interests of SC/ST HHs. The study finds that promotional goals included in the guidelines do not by themselves translate into formal actions, monitorable outputs and outcomes. Our primary data also show that the socio-economic and political predicament of SC/ST HHs justified a case for definite affirmative action for them. The study gathers primary and secondary evidences to show that in Karnataka, the programme failed the test of social justice and inclusion proportionate to the disabilities and need of SCs/STs and required immediate attention and policy responses.
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Kotikian, Arda, Connor McMahan, Emily C. Davidson, Jalilah M. Muhammad, Robert D. Weeks, Chiara Daraio et Jennifer A. Lewis. « Untethered soft robotic matter with passive control of shape morphing and propulsion ». Science Robotics 4, no 33 (21 août 2019) : eaax7044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.aax7044.
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There is growing interest in creating untethered soft robotic matter that can repeatedly shape-morph and self-propel in response to external stimuli. Toward this goal, we printed soft robotic matter composed of liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) bilayers with orthogonal director alignment and different nematic-to-isotropic transition temperatures (TNI) to form active hinges that interconnect polymeric tiles. When heated above their respective actuation temperatures, the printed LCE hinges exhibit a large, reversible bending response. Their actuation response is programmed by varying their chemistry and printed architecture. Through an integrated design and additive manufacturing approach, we created passively controlled, untethered soft robotic matter that adopts task-specific configurations on demand, including a self-twisting origami polyhedron that exhibits three stable configurations and a “rollbot” that assembles into a pentagonal prism and self-rolls in programmed responses to thermal stimuli.
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Bunzel, Dirk, Stewart Clegg et Greg Teal. « Disciplining Customers at the Grand Seaside Hotel ». Journal of Management & ; Organization 8, no 2 (2002) : 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200004983.
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ABSTRACTThe Grand Seaside Hotel is a large five-star hotel in an Australian Coastal town. It is a place that not only aspires to provide excellent service but that also seeks to reconcile two apparently divergent demands: the need for customized service and the efficient management of business operations. To commit staff to the provision of service excellence, management has introduced a customer service programme that relies on various forms of training and rewards, as well as a guest response system. The customer service programme, particularly the use of guest questionnaires, appear as disciplinary strategies that aim to produce service encounters in which both staff and guests are ‘normalized’. The main loci of ethnographic data collection for this paper are regular Management Briefings. Through data collected from these, the paper investigates the use of the ‘imaginary’ in constituting service encounters and guest expectations. It interprets these in terms of Foucault's Panoptic analysis to identify the immanent mechanisms of discipline in these customer service programmes.
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Bunzel, Dirk, Stewart Clegg et Greg Teal. « Disciplining Customers at the Grand Seaside Hotel ». Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 8, no 2 (2002) : 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2002.8.2.1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
ABSTRACTThe Grand Seaside Hotel is a large five-star hotel in an Australian Coastal town. It is a place that not only aspires to provide excellent service but that also seeks to reconcile two apparently divergent demands: the need for customized service and the efficient management of business operations. To commit staff to the provision of service excellence, management has introduced a customer service programme that relies on various forms of training and rewards, as well as a guest response system. The customer service programme, particularly the use of guest questionnaires, appear as disciplinary strategies that aim to produce service encounters in which both staff and guests are ‘normalized’. The main loci of ethnographic data collection for this paper are regular Management Briefings. Through data collected from these, the paper investigates the use of the ‘imaginary’ in constituting service encounters and guest expectations. It interprets these in terms of Foucault's Panoptic analysis to identify the immanent mechanisms of discipline in these customer service programmes.
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Makepeace, David, Peter Tatham et Yong Wu. « Internal integration in humanitarian supply chain management ». Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management 7, no 1 (3 avril 2017) : 26–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhlscm-12-2015-0042.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare perspectives on humanitarian logistics (HL) and supply chain management (SCM) among programmes and logistics/support staff. Design/methodology/approach Underpinned by services supply chain management (SSCM) theory, a single case study of a leading international non-governmental organisation is presented based on a web-based survey of the organisation’s global operations staff, supplemented by semi-structured interviews conducted with senior representatives. Findings The study is believed to be the first to consider the different perspectives of programmes and logistics staff on the interpretation of logistics and SCM. The results indicate both significant divergence between the views of these two cohorts, as well as a general lack of clarity over the concept of SCM, its relationship with logistics and the cross-functional nature of SCM. Research limitations/implications Insufficient responses from programme staff limit the generalisability of the findings. Suggestions for future research include further examination of the potential of applying SSCM and demand chain management concepts to the humanitarian context. Practical implications The results support the notion that a broader, more strategic interpretation of SCM, more clearly distinguished from the practice of HL, may assist in breaking down perceived jurisdictional boundaries, bridging the gap between programmes and logistics teams, and strengthening demand-chain influences and the “voice of the beneficiary”. Originality/value By taking into account the views of non-logisticians, a broader, cross-functional interpretation of SCM is offered leading to revised definitions for both SCM and HL within this sector, together with a framework that integrates SCM across humanitarian relief and development contexts.
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Martínez de la Cal, Jesús, Manuel Fernández-Sánchez, Guillermo Adolfo Matarán-Peñarrocha, Deirdre A. Hurley, Adelaida María Castro-Sánchez et Inmaculada Carmen Lara-Palomo. « Physical Therapists’ Opinion of E-Health Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no 4 (16 février 2021) : 1889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041889.
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(1) Background: Using new technologies to manage home exercise programmes is an approach that allows more patients to benefit from therapy. The objective of this study is to explore physical therapists’ opinions of the efficacy and disadvantages of implementing a web-based telerehabilitation programme for treating chronic low back pain (CLBP). (2) Methods: Nineteen physical therapists from academic and healthcare fields in both the public and private sector participated in the qualitative study. Texts extracted from a transcript of semi-structured, individual, in-depth interviews with each consenting participant were analysed to obtain the participants’ prevailing opinions. The interviews lasted approximately 40 min each. The participants’ responses were recorded. (3) Results: The results suggest that telerehabilitation can only be successful if patients become actively involved in their own treatment. However, exercise programmes for LBP are not always adapted to patient preferences. New technologies allow physical therapists to provide their patients with the follow-up and remote contact they demand, but long-term adherence to treatment stems from knowledge of the exercises and the correct techniques employed by the patients themselves. (4) Conclusions: Physical therapists treating patients with chronic non-specific low back pain believe that new technologies can provide highly effective means of reaching a greater number of patients and achieving significant savings in healthcare costs, despite the limitations of a telerehabilitation approach in developing an appropriate and effective patient-based physiotherapy programme.
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PARKER, MELISSA, TIM ALLEN et JULIE HASTINGS. « RESISTING CONTROL OF NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES : DILEMMAS IN THE MASS TREATMENT OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS AND SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS IN NORTH-WEST UGANDA ». Journal of Biosocial Science 40, no 2 (mars 2008) : 161–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932007002301.
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SummaryA strong case has recently been made by academics and policymakers to develop national programmes for the integrated control of Africa’s ‘neglected tropical diseases’. Uganda was the first country to develop a programme for the integrated control of two of these diseases: schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths. This paper discusses social responses to the programme in Panyimur, north-west Uganda. It shows that adults are increasingly rejecting free treatment. Resistance is attributed to a subjective fear of side-effects; divergence between biomedical and local understandings of schistosomiasis/bilharzia; as well as inappropriate and inadequate health education. In addition, the current procedures for distributing drugs at a district level are problematic. Additional research was carried out in neighbouring areas to explore the generalizability of findings. Comparable problems have arisen. It is concluded that the national programme will not fulfil its stated objectives of establishing a local demand for mass treatment unless it can establish more effective delivery strategies and promote behavioural change in socially appropriate ways. To do so will require new approaches to social, economic and political aspects of distribution. There are reasons why populations infected with the ‘neglected tropical diseases’ are themselves neglected. Those reasons cannot just be wished away.
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Abessi, Ahad, Alireza Zakariazadeh, Vahid Vahidinasab, Mohammad Sadegh Ghazizadeh et Kamyar Mehran. « End-user participation in a collaborative distributed voltage control and demand response programme ». IET Generation, Transmission & ; Distribution 12, no 12 (10 juillet 2018) : 3079–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2017.0975.
Texte intégral
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Kareithi, Rosemary, et George Muhua. « Factors Influencing Implementation of Rural Electrification Programme in Kenya : A Case of Kieni East Sub County, Nyeri County ». European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no 21 (31 juillet 2018) : 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n21p236.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Government of Kenya through numerous policies and programmes have come up with the rural electrification programmes which is to play a crucial role in the provision of electricity to rural areas in a bid to spur human, social and economic development in the Country. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors influencing the implementation of rural electrification programme in Kieni East Sub County, Nyeri County. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The target population of the study was 4289 households and 10 Rural Electrification Authority Team in Kieni East Sub County. Simple random sampling and Purposive sampling was used to select a sample of 94 households and 5 Rural Electrification Authority Officials. The data was collected through structured questionnaires. Reliability of the questionnaires and validity was tested through piloting. Ethics in research was observed and responses were handled with utmost confidentiality, while the study ensured fair gender representation of respondents. The data was analyzed using through descriptives and presented through tables and graphs. The study found that funding, cost of electricity, alternative sources of power and demand affected implementation of Rural Electrification Programme to a great extent. Thus, these factors play a key role in determining the success of the implementation of Rural Electrification Programme in Kieni East Sub County. The study recommended that subsidizing of consumer connections cost, wiring material cost and unit cost of energy should be lowered and also provision of incentives for investments in alternative power sources such as allocation of sufficient funds and timely disbursement for implementation of grid extension in Kieni East should be encouraged by involving policy makers and the government in formulation of policies favorable for the implementation of Rural Electrification Programme in rural areas of Kenya. The study suggests that further studies should be carried out on the influence of institutional factors on the implementation of rural electrification programs in Kenya.