Articles de revues : « Deficit di CI »

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Cigala, Ada, et Arianna Mori. « Le competenze emotive in bambini con storia di maltrattamento : cosa ci dice la ricerca ? » MALTRATTAMENTO E ABUSO ALL'INFANZIA, n^o 1 (mai 2012) : 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mal2012-001002.

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I bambini piccoli trascurati possono essere a rischio di deficit nella competenza emotiva. Bambini con storie di trascuratezza o che non avevano subito alcun tipo di maltrattamento sono stati inizialmente visti a 4 anni e ad un anno di distanza per valutare la loro competenza emotiva. Un più alto QI è risultato essere associato con una migliore competenza emotiva, ma i bambini trascurati riportavano costantemente una peggiore competenza emotiva rispetto ai bambini non trascurati, avendo tenuto controllato l'effetto del QI. Poiché sia la trascuratezza sia il QI possono contribuire a deficit nella competenza emotiva, entrambi devono essere esaminati quando si valutano questi bambini per poter progettare e applicare in modo appropriato interventi per la competenza emotiva.

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Farina, L., L. Milanesi, E. Ciceri, A. Costa, L. Morandi, G. Uziel et M. Savoiardo. « Distrofia muscolare congenita con deficit di merosina : Studio RM in 5 pazienti ». Rivista di Neuroradiologia 10, n^o 2_suppl (octobre 1997) : 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19714009970100s2108.

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Recentemente in un certo numero di pazienti con distrofia muscolare congenita (CDM) classica è stato individuato un deficit di merosina, proteina che oltre ad essere responsabile del legame tra la distrofina e la matrice extracellulare sarebbe anche implicata nella crescita del neurite e nella migrazione delle cellule di Schwann. In tutti questi pazienti è presente una grave compromissione della muscolatura scheletrica con ipotonia e impossibilità a raggiungere una deambulazione autonoma e, nonostante l'assenza di una sintomatologia riferibile a danno del SNC, sono state costantemente evidenziate alla RM alterazioni della sostanza bianca degli emisferi cerebrali. Presentiamo i dati RM di 5 pazienti, di cui 2 fratelli, di età compresa tra 4 e 40 anni con CDM e deficit di merosina, in 1 caso totale e in 4 casi parziale. In 4 casi la RM ha dimostrato la presenza di un'alterazione alla sostanza bianca sovratentoriale, diffusa e simmetrica in 3 casi e costituita da piccole alterazioni peritrigonali isolate in 1 caso. In 1 paziente (con deficit parziale) la RM è risultata negativa e questo ci risulta essere il primo caso descritto. L'alterazione interessa sia la sostanza bianca sottocorticale che quella profonda e periventricolare anche se sembra ci sia una certa tendenza al risparmio delle fibre a U, reperto che è meglio riconoscibile nelle sequenze T1 dipendenti. Non è stata evidenziata nessuna alterazione del disegno corticale. Le lesioni da noi descritte sembrano simili a quelle riportate in letteratura nei pazienti con deficit totale e parziale di merosina. Il riscontro di alterazioni della sostanza bianca alla RM in pazienti con CMD deve indurre a dosare la merosina. L'assenza di tali alterazioni non sembra però escludere un deficit di merosina dato che in 1 paziente la RM è risultata essere negativa.

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Aprilya Roza Werdani et Justiyulfah Syah. « Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Underweight pada Anak Usia 6-23 Bulan di Pagedangan Kabupaten Tangerang ». Nutrition Science and Health Research 1, n^o 2 (31 janvier 2023) : 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31605/nutrition.v1i2.2300.

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Underweight is a crucial indicator of malnutrition in children and has long-term effects such as physical health problems, behavioral problems, and low educational achievement. Objective. This study aimed to assess associated factors of underweight among children aged 6-23 months in Pagedangan, Tangerang District. Method. This study uses a cross-sectional design used to conduct this study. Anthropometric measurements and questionnaire interviews were carried out for data collection. Data were analyzed using univariate and chi-square tests. Result. This study showed that the proportion of underweight was 18.0%. Of 150 children aged 6-23 months, 8% were born with low birth weight, 44.0% had a history of acute respiratory infection, 32.0% had a deficit of energy, 32.7% had a deficit of fat, 39.3% had a deficit of carbohydrate, and 53.3% had a deficit of protein. Energy intake (OR 3.021, 95% CI 1.288-7.087), carbohydrate intake (OR 3,279, 95% CI 1.380-7,790), and history of acute respiratory infection (OR 3.125, 95% CI 1.298-7.522) were significantly associated with underweight. Conclusion. The proportion of underweight children aged 6-23 months in the Pagedangan sub-district is higher than the national prevalence. Energy intake, carbohydrate intake, and history of acute respiratory infection were risk factors of underweight children aged 6-23 months in the Pagedangan sub-district

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Adiputra, I. Made Sudarma, I. Made Sutarga et Gede Ngurah Indraguna Pinatih. « Faktor Risiko Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) pada Anak di Denpasar ». Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive 3, n^o 1 (1 juillet 2015) : 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/phpma.v3i1.84.

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Latar belakang dan tujuan: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) adalah suatu gangguan perkembangan pada anak yang ditandai dengan rendahnya konsentrasi dan aktivitas anak yang berlebihan. Upaya komprehensif diperlukan untuk mencegah terjadinya ADHD dan untuk itu diperlukan pengetahuan yang lebih baik terhadap faktor risiko yang memicu terjadinya ADHD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian ADHD pada anak di Denpasar.Metode: Rancangan penelitian adalah matched-paired case control. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 38 kasus dan 38 kontrol, yang dipasangkan dalam variabel umur, jenis kelamin dan tempat tinggal. Kasus diperoleh dari Pusat Pelayan Psikologi dan Anak Kebutuhan Khusus Pradnyagama Denpasar. Kontrol dipilih dari lingkungan tempat tinggal kasus. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji McNemar dan conditional (fixed-effects) logistic regression.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dijumpai dua faktor risiko yang secara statistik bermakna meningkatkan ADHD yaitu BBLR dengan adjusted OR=220,9 (95%CI: 6,9-6991,3) dan genetik dengan adjusted OR=45,5 (95%CI: 3,3-620,9). Faktor risiko paparan asap rokok, kelahiran prematur dan makanan manis tidak bermakna meningkatkan kejadian ADHD.Simpulan: BBLR dan genetik dijumpai secara bermakna meningkatkan risiko ADHD.

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FRANCAVIGLIA, D., V. FARINA, G. AVELLONE et R. LO BIANCO. « Fruit yield and quality responses of apple cvars Gala and Fuji to partial rootzone drying under Mediterranean conditions ». Journal of Agricultural Science 151, n^o 4 (17 septembre 2012) : 556–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859612000718.

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SUMMARYIncreasing irrigation efficiency is a major goal for fruit production in dry Mediterranean environments. The present study was conducted in three consecutive years (2007–09) under typical Mediterranean conditions and tested the effect of partial rootzone drying (PRD) on yield and fruit quality of two apple cultivars: Gala, with fruit maturing in summer and Fuji, with fruit maturing in autumn. Three irrigation treatments were imposed: conventional irrigation (CI), PRD (0·50 of CI water on one side of the rootzone, which was alternated periodically) and continuous deficit irrigation (DI, 0·50 of CI water on both sides of the rootzone). During the 2008 and 2009 irrigation seasons, DI reduced tree water status, and to some extent soil moisture, compared with CI and PRD. In all the years and both cultivars, DI reduced crop load by 11 and 5% over CI and PRD, respectively. In cvar Fuji, DI reduced production per tree by 9% and yield efficiency by 16% compared with CI. In all years for cvar Gala and in 2 of the 3 years for cvar Fuji, PRD and DI increased fruit soluble solid content by 5–6%, whereas PRD improved peel colour only in cvar Fuji and in 2 of the 3 years. In cvar Gala, DI fruit showed 27% more sorbitol and 55% more sucrose than PRD fruit. In both cultivars, PRD determined greater marketable yield and profit than DI. Irrigation water productivity (IWP) was increased by both PRD and DI, and in Fuji, PRD induced 18% greater IWP than DI. The different responses of the two cultivars to irrigation treatments can be attributed to differences in canopy size, crop load and mostly to the different timing of fruit growth. In particular, undergoing fast fruit growth during the irrigation period seems to induce permanent yield reductions in DI (but not PRD) trees of cvar Fuji, whereas water deficit during late fruit growth and lower crop load may have cancelled the negative effect of DI in the smaller trees of cvar Gala.

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Porcelli, Stefano. « Neurobiologia del cervello sociale nei disturbi d'ansia e dell'umore - Mini-review ». QUADERNI DI PSICOTERAPIA COGNITIVA, n^o 51 (janvier 2023) : 32–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/qpc51-2022oa15181.

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La conoscenza attuale permette di tracciare un iniziale quadro dei complessi substrati neurobiologici che sostengono il funzionamento del cervello sociale negli umani. L'alta complessità del cervello sociale determina tuttavia un'alta vulnerabilità verso diversi disturbi neuropsichiatrici.Nel presente articolo, ci siamo focalizzati sulle disfunzioni sociali presenti nei principali disturbi dell'umore e di ansia, descrivendo i substrati neurobiologici che sono stati associati a tali deficit. È interessante notare che tali substrati risultano simili in questi disturbi e simili a quelli riscontrati in altri disturbi neuropsichiatrici, seppure risultino impattati in misura diversa nelle diverse condizioni. Perciò, le disfunzioni sociali potrebbero rappresentare un dominio (parzialmente) indipendente con specifiche alterazioni biologiche alla sua base.Una migliore comprensione di tali basi neurobiologiche potrebbe aprire la strada allo sviluppo di trattamenti mirati per tali deficit.

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Scotti, Ivano. « Controvento : aree marginali e populismo energetico ? Indicazioni preliminari su uno studio di caso ». SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE, n^o 128 (juillet 2022) : 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sur2022-128011.

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Con "populismo energetico" ci si riferisce generalmente alla connessione tra le proteste locali contro le green energy policy e il crescente consenso elettorale verso i movimenti "populisti" in particolare nelle aree rurali e marginali. L'articolo indaga il fenomeno attraverso una ricerca qualitativa sull'eolica in Basilicata. I dati mostrano la complessità e l'ambiguità del populismo energetico suggerendo come questi sia alimentato da un deficit di riconoscimento sociale e politico delle aree marginali.

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Lu, Changwen. « Early-Summer Deficit Irrigation Increases the Dry-Matter Content and Enhances the Quality of Ambrosia™ Apples At- and Post-Harvest ». Horticulturae 8, n^o 7 (23 juin 2022) : 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8070571.

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Ambrosia™ is an apple that naturally has limited post-harvest quality retention, which is accompanied by relatively low dry-matter content (DMC). This trial was proposed to improve the DMC of this apple by scheduling deficit irrigation (DI) conducted in a semi-arid orchard in the Similkameen Valley (British Columbia, Canada) in 2018 and 2019. Two irrigation regimes were implemented in the orchard: commercial irrigation (CI) and DI, which was defined as irrigation for 2/5 of the timespan of CI. Five irrigation treatments were conducted: 1—adequate irrigation (AI), which used CI for the whole season; 2—early-summer DI (ED), which used DI from 20 June to 20 July; 3—middle-summer DI (MD), which used DI from 20 July to 20 August; 4—late-summer DI (LD), which used DI from 20 August to 10 days before harvest; and 5—double-period DI (DD), which covered the interval of MD and LD. The DI treatments resulted in a significant decrease from AI −1.0 to −1.5 MPa in stem water potential, followed by subsequent recovery. Conversely, SWP did not recover, and instead reached a critical low of −2.5 MPa under continued deficit conditions (DD). This, in turn, correlated with significant differences in the DMC among the treatments. Specifically, ED resulted in a rapid and sustained increase in DMC throughout the summer. At the time of harvest, ED resulted in a five-fold increase in the proportion of fruit, with greater than 16% DMC and 15% DMC in 2018 and 2019, respectively, compared to CI. DD resulted in similar levels of DMC elevation compared to ED, but also caused irregular maturation and the increased incidence of soft scald disorder in the post-harvest period. MD and LD had variable effects on DMC, and also increased the incidence of soft scald disorder. Consequently, fruit collected from the ED resulted in the best blush color attributes, higher soluble solid content, and a significant improvement in the post-harvest retention of both fruit firmness and acidity. The ED irrigation model would be recommended as a practical way for Ambrosia™ growers in semi-arid regions to decrease water usage, and to ensure high fruit quality for superior marketing and sustainable production.

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Chen, Tuqiang, Guiqing Xu, Jinyao Li et Haifang Hu. « Hydraulic Trait Variation with Tree Height Affects Fruit Quality of Walnut Trees under Drought Stress ». Agronomy 12, n^o 7 (9 juillet 2022) : 1647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071647.

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Persian or common walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a fruit tree of significant agricultural importance and is considered highly drought-resistant. However, the effects of different irrigation treatments and tree height on the physiology, growth and fruit quality of the walnut tree remain largely elusive. In the presently study, we selected ‘Wen 185’, one of the main walnut cultivars, as the target plant species. We established three irrigation treatments (deficit (DI), conventional (CI) and excess irrigation (EI)) from April to September of 2020 and measured leaf hydraulic traits, photosynthetic characteristics, soluble sugar (SS) content, leaf area, branch growth, fruit morphology and the no and deflated kernel (NDK) rate of walnut trees in each treatment. Our results showed that: (1) midday leaf water potential (Ψmd) decreased significantly under the DI treatment and declined significantly with increasing tree height; upper canopy Ψmd in the DI group decreased by 18.40% compared to the lower canopy; (2) the light compensation point, light saturation point, maximum net photosynthetic rate, maximum photochemical efficiency and chlorophyll SPAD values of trees in the DI group decreased slightly but did not differ significantly from the CI and EI treatments; (3) reduced irrigation did not significantly affect the soluble sugar content of leaves (LSs) and fine roots (RSs), but the soluble sugar content of walnut kernels (FSs) was significantly higher in the DI treatment than under the CI and EI treatments and also increased with tree height; the average soluble sugar content across heights was 6.61% in the EI group, 7.19% in the CI group and 9.52% in the DI group; (4) branch terminal leaf area (LA) was significantly reduced at the end of new branches, and Huber values (HV) were significantly higher under the DI treatment; compared to the EI group, LA was reduced by 52.30% in the DI group and 32.50% in the CI group; HV increased by 79.00% in the DI group and 15.70% in the CI group; (5) reduced irrigation did not significantly affect fruit morphology but did increase the NDK rate of walnuts, which also increased with tree height; the average NDK rate across all heights was 4.63% in the EI group, 5.04% in the CI group, and 8.70% in the DI group; the NDK rate was 41.75% higher in the upper part of the canopy compared to the lower part in the DI group. Our results indicate that walnut trees suffer greater water stress in the upper canopy than in the middle and low parts of the canopy. By increasing HV, walnut trees maintained relatively stable photosynthetic capacity under drought. However, water deficit had a significant effect on NDK rates, particularly at greater tree heights.

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Mossad, Amr, Vittorio Farina et Riccardo Lo Bianco. « Fruit Yield and Quality of ‘Valencia’ Orange Trees under Long-Term Partial Rootzone Drying ». Agronomy 10, n^o 2 (23 janvier 2020) : 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10020164.

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Climate, soil and tree water status, fruit yields and quality of ‘Valencia’ orange trees were monitored over five consecutive seasons (2007–2012) to study the effects of irrigation placement or volume. Three irrigation treatments were imposed: conventional irrigation (CI, 100% of crop evapotranspiration on both sides of the rootzone), partial rootzone drying (PRD, 50% of CI water only on one alternated side of the rootzone) and continuous deficit irrigation (DI, 50% of CI water on both sides of the rootzone). Yield parameters were generally not affected by PRD, and only yield per tree was lower in DI than CI trees. Fruit size and juice content were also reduced by DI, and not by PRD. Both PRD and DI increased juice soluble solids and acidity, vitamin C and carotenoid concentrations, as well as fruit, juice and sugar productivity per unit of irrigation water. Overall, the straight reduction of irrigation volumes by ~55% (DI) induced an average of 4.4% leaf dehydration, which caused significant fruit size reductions and a 3.4% reduction in juice yield, corresponding to a loss of about 2.6 tons of juice and 261 kg of sugars per hectare and year. On the other hand, water savings of about 2 mega liters per hectare and year with PRD caused a mild 2.3% leaf dehydration and mainly fruit quality improvements, indicating that PRD is a sustainable irrigation strategy for ‘Valencia’ orange.

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O'Connell, Mark G., et Ian Goodwin. « Responses of 'Pink Lady ' apple to deficit irrigation and partial rootzone drying : physiology, growth, yield, and fruit quality ». Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, n^o 11 (2007) : 1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07033.

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Partial rootzone drying (PRD) is a new irrigation strategy whereby water is withheld from part of the rootzone while another part is well watered. A successful PRD strategy should reduce tree water use through stomatal control of transpiration and reduce vegetative growth while maintaining fruit size and yield. A field experiment examined crop water relations and production performance of PRD in a commercial apple orchard on loam soil in the Goulburn Valley, Australia. The orchard consisted of high-density (1420 trees/ha) 8-year-old ‘Pink Lady’ apple trees trained as central leader and irrigated by microjets. The effects of PRD on leaf/stem water potential, vegetative growth, yield components and fruit quality were investigated during two seasons (2001–02, Year 1 and 2002–03, Year 2). The 2-year average growing season reference crop evapotranspiration and rainfall was 954 and 168 mm, respectively. Three irrigation treatments were established: (1) deficit irrigation (DI, supplied 50% of water to a fixed side of tree); (2) PRD supplied 50% of water to alternating sides of tree; (3) and conventional irrigation (CI, supplied 100% water to both sides of tree). Irrigation inputs under the CI treatment were 334 and 529 mm for Year 1 and Year 2, respectively. In Year 1, the volume of irrigation applied to CI treatment inputs equated to the replacement of predicted crop evapotranspiration (ETc) based on a mid-season FAO-56 crop coefficient with adjustment for tree size. Vegetative growth, fruit production and water status showed both PRD and DI treatments led to a classical ‘deficit irrigation’ water stress response. Leaf water potential, leaf conductance, fruit size, shoot growth and yield were reduced on PRD and DI trees compared to the fully watered (CI) trees. In Year 2, CI inputs exceeded estimated ETc by 2-fold. Consequently, minimal or no differences between irrigation regimes were measured in stem water potential, vegetative growth, yield components and fruit quality. Fruit disorders (sunburn, russet, misshape, markings, frost damage) were not affected by irrigation regime in either season. We contend that further effort is required to determine under what circumstances or environments there is a PRD response that saves water and maintains yield and quality for apple.

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Talluto, G., V. Farina, G. Volpe et R. Lo Bianco. « Effects of partial rootzone drying and rootstock vigour on growth and fruit quality of 'Pink Lady' apple trees in Mediterranean environments ». Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, n^o 9 (2008) : 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07458.

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We investigated the effects of partial rootzone drying (PRD) and rootstock vigour on water relations, and vegetative and productive performance of ‘Pink Lady’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees in central Sicily. In a first field trial, trees on MM.106 rootstock were subjected to: Conventional irrigation (CI), maintaining soil moisture above 80% of field capacity; PRD irrigation, where only one alternated side of the rootzone received 50% of the CI irrigation water; and continuous deficit irrigation (DI), where 50% of the CI water was equally applied to both sides of the rootzone. In a second trial, trees on M.9 or MM.106 were subjected to CI and PRD irrigation. PRD reduced stomatal conductance (gs) more consistently in trees on MM.106 than in trees on M.9, but maintained relative water content (RWC) to the levels of CI. DI induced greater gs reductions than PRD and lower RWC than CI and PRD. Rootstock vigour did not influence plant response to irrigation strategy. PRD induced some reduction in fruit number but no change in yields and fruit quality compared with CI, whereas DI reduced fruit size and marketable yields. Significant reductions in shoot and leaf growth were induced by DI, whereas only leaf growth was affected by PRD. Our observations indicate that responses induced by PRD are due to a combination of the amount and way of applying water, and not just to reductions in irrigation volumes, suggesting a possible use of PRD for increasing apple water-use efficiency in Mediterranean environments.

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de Crescenzo, Armando. « Il Meccanismo Europeo di Stabilità ‘alla prova' del futuro dell'Unione europea. Parlamenti (ancora) assenti nelle condizionalità macroeconomiche ? » CITTADINANZA EUROPEA (LA), n^o 1 (août 2020) : 133–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ceu2020-001005.

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Il lavoro inquadra la genesi e la governance del Meccanismo Europeo di Stabilità (MES), anche in relazione all'ordinamento costituzionale, più di recente oggetto di un acceso dibattito pubblico sia con riguardo alle sue modifiche, quanto al suo impiego per risolvere la crisi sanitaria che ha investito la zona euro a dieci anni di distanza dalla crisi economica iniziata nel 2008. Nell'ambito delle numerose problematiche giuridiche che pone il MES, ci si concentra sul funzionamento delle condizionalità previste dal Trattato, l'impatto sull'indirizzo politico nazionale e il deficit di democraticità che si registra in questi meccanismi intergovernativi. Bisognerebbe chiedersi se sia realmente questa l'idea di Unione Europea auspicata dai padri fondatori e se siano maturi i tempi per operare una vera (e significativa) svolta, indispensabile per la sopravvivenza stessa del progetto europeo.

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Vallverdu, Xavier, Joan Girona, Gemma Echeverria, Jordi Marsal, M. Hossein Behboudian et Gerardo Lopez. « Sensory Quality and Consumer Acceptance of ‘Tardibelle’ Peach Are Improved by Deficit Irrigation Applied During Stage II of Fruit Development ». HortScience 47, n^o 5 (mai 2012) : 656–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.5.656.

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Deficit irrigation (DI) applied during Stage II of fruit development has the potential of improving fruit quality in peach (Prunus persica). Existing information only covers instrumental assessment of quality. No report is available on how sensory attributes and consumer acceptance are affected. We applied DI at Stage II to ‘Tardibelle’ peach and evaluated fruit composition, sensory attributes, and consumer acceptance during the growing seasons of 2009 and 2010. Results were compared with those from trees that received conventional irrigation (CI). Stem water potential in DI trees was indicative of a moderate water stress during Stage II. In 2010, water stress persisted at the beginning of Stage III and average fruit weight was reduced in DI trees. A panel of trained judges decided that DI increased sweetness, juiciness, and the intensity of peach flavor but it reduced fruit firmness and crispness. A panel of consumers indicated increased preference for DI fruit. The higher appeal for DI fruit could have been partially the result of their more advanced maturity. Improvement of fruit quality could be an important incentive for the application of DI during Stage II because growers may expect to receive a premium price for their higher quality fruit.

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Werdani, Aprilya Roza, et Diah Mulyawati Utari. « Energy Intake was The Dominant Factor Associated with Wasting among Children Aged 6-23 Months in Pagedangan, Tangerang District ». Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 16, n^o 2 (29 novembre 2020) : 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/kemas.v16i2.23427.

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Wasting yang diukur dengan indeks BB/PB atau BB/TB merupakan salah satu bentuk malnutrisi yang ditandai dengan penurunan status gizi yang cepat dalam waktu singkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan wasting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan pengukuran antropometri dan wawancara kuesioner. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proporsi wasting adalah 17,0%. Dari 153 anak usia 6-23 bulan, 7,8% memiliki berat lahir rendah, 44,4% memiliki riwayat penyakit infeksi, dan 32,0% mengalami deficit energi. Proporsi anak yang tidak mencapai minimum dietary diversity, minimum meal frequency, minimum acceptable diet adalah 43,1%, 15,7%, and 52,9%. Analisis multivariat regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa riwayat penyakit infeksi (OR 2,930; 95% CI 1,173-7,323) dan asupan energi tidak adekuat (OR 5,785; 95% CI 1,269-26,382) memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan wasting. Asupan energi tidak adekuat merupakan faktor dominan wasting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang.

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Ferruta, Anna. « Affidarsi/Isolarsi. Una figura combinata del rapporto curanti/malati in epoca Covid ». EDUCAZIONE SENTIMENTALE, n^o 34 (janvier 2021) : 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/eds2020-034004.

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I curanti, proprio nel momento in cui venivano esposti al contagio del Covid, si sono trovati isolati: loro, i curanti, gli altri, i malati. I ruoli tra sanitari e pazienti si sono divisi in modo netto, sia per il tipo di patologia (il disturbo del respiro e l'intubazione impediscono di parla-re e mascherano la mimica emotiva reciproca) sia per il distanziamento a cui tutti erano sot-toposti. È venuta così a scarseggiare quella dinamica relazionale curante/paziente, nella qua-le lo scambio di parole, di sguardi, di proteste, di sorrisi, crea quel tessuto di reciprocità che alimenta la vita psichica di entrambi. L'esperienza dei Gruppi Balint ci ha insegnato che a curare è la relazione medico-paziente nei due sensi, anche in quello riferito al medico, che nell'ascolto delle emozioni suscitate dall'incontro con il paziente attinge conoscenze e nutri-mento per sé e per l'altro. Prendersi cura è uno dei fondamenti antropologici della condizio-ne umana, riguarda tutti, non solo per riparare a un deficit, ma per la consapevolezza che senza questo alimento relazionale qualsiasi competenza si inaridisce.

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LO BIANCO, R., G. TALLUTO et V. FARINA. « Effects of partial rootzone drying and rootstock vigour on dry matter partitioning of apple trees (Malus domesticacvar Pink Lady) ». Journal of Agricultural Science 150, n^o 1 (2 juin 2011) : 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859611000463.

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SUMMARYThe effects of partial rootzone drying (PRD) and rootstock vigour on dry matter accumulation and partitioning among leaves, shoots, fruits, frame and roots of apple trees (Malus domesticaBorkh. cvar Pink Lady) were investigated in 2005 near Caltavuturo, in Sicily. In a first field trial, trees on MM.106 rootstock were subjected to: conventional irrigation (CI), maintaining soil moisture above 0·80 of field capacity; PRD irrigation, where alternating sides of the rootzone received 0·50 of the CI irrigation water; and continuous deficit irrigation (DI), where 0·50 of the CI water was equally applied to both sides of the rootzone. In a second trial, trees on M.9 or MM.106 were subjected to CI and PRD irrigation. In trial 1, dry matter accumulation was markedly reduced by DI irrigation and to a lesser extent by PRD; PRD trees partitioned 20% less to leaves, 31% less to fruits and 24% more to woody components than CI trees; DI trees partitioned 14% less to current shoots and 18% more to fruits than CI and had the highest fruit:leaf ratio. In trial 2, there was no interaction between rootstock and irrigation treatments. MM.106 induced greater leaf, shoot, frame and root dry weights (DWs) than M.9, resulting in more vegetative growth and larger trees. PRD reduced leaf, shoot, frame and fruit DWs, while root DWs were similar to CI, and thus PRD trees were 18% smaller than CI trees. Neither rootstock nor irrigation affected dry matter partitioning among organs or root:canopy ratio, whereas PRD trees or trees on MM.106 showed better water use efficiency than CI and M.9, respectively. The results show that PRD trees did not activate drought tolerance strategies in terms of dry matter allocation that could improve acquisition of water resources, regardless of rootstock. PRD irrigation increased above-ground dry matter partitioning towards woody components at the expense of leaves and fruits.

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Righini, A., O. De Divitiis, A. Prinster, D. Spagnoli, I. Apollonio, L. Bello, G. Tomei, R. Villani, F. Fazio et M. Leonardi. « Risonanza magnetica funzionale : Localizzazione dell'area motoria primaria in pazienti portatori di lesioni espansive cerebrali Risultati preliminari ». Rivista di Neuroradiologia 8, n^o 3 (juin 1995) : 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140099500800304.

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La Risonanza Magnetica Funzionale (RMF) ha dimostrato di poter localizzare la sede di aree corticali funzionali in numerosi protocolli su volontari sani. La identificazione prechirurgica di aree corticali eloquenti è molto importante al fine della realizzazione di un intervento il meno lesivo possibile per la funzione. Il sowertimento più o meno grossolano della regione anatomica da parte di un processo espansivo rende spesso difficile la identificazione di determinati reperi anatomici. Ci siamo proposti di studiare con RMF, su tomografo convenzionale, pazienti affetti da neoplasie intra ed extrassiali che interessavano il lobo frontale posteriore o quello parietale. Sono stati studiati quindici pazienti, tutti destrimani, di età compresa tra i 15 ed i 64 anni. Sono state ottenute mappe di attivazione, che hanno evidenziato aree di significativo aumento del segnale in regione parieto-frontale posteriore. La morfologia delle aree di significativo aumento di segnale era il più delle volte di tipo serpiginoso. Quando l'effetto massa era netto, l'area attivata nell'emisfero patologico appariva dislocata rispetto a quella nell'emisfero controlaterale. Sino ad ora sono stati ripetuti gli esami di RMF dopo l'intervento chirurgico in tre pazienti che non presentavano deficit motori significativi all'arto superiore. Neoplasms compressing or infiltrating cerebral cortex often alter the normal anatomy in such a way that the neurosurgeon can not easily localize and spare functional areas. Moreover, the results of mass effect on brain functional anatomy have not been extensively investigated in vivo yet.

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Lee, Min-Hee, Nolan B. O’Hara, Hirotaka Motoi, Aimee F. Luat, Csaba Juhász, Sandeep Sood, Eishi Asano et Jeong-Won Jeong. « Novel diffusion tractography methodology using Kalman filter prediction to improve preoperative benefit-risk analysis in pediatric epilepsy surgery ». Journal of Neurosurgery : Pediatrics 24, n^o 3 (septembre 2019) : 293–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.4.peds1994.

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OBJECTIVEIn this study the authors investigated the clinical reliability of diffusion weighted imaging maximum a posteriori probability (DWI-MAP) analysis with Kalman filter prediction in pediatric epilepsy surgery. This approach can yield a suggested resection margin as a dynamic variable based on preoperative DWI-MAP pathways. The authors sought to determine how well the suggested margin would have maximized occurrence of postoperative seizure freedom (benefit) and minimized occurrence of postoperative neurological deficits (risk).METHODSThe study included 77 pediatric patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy (age 10.0 ± 4.9 years) who underwent resection of their presumed epileptogenic zone. In preoperative DWI tractography from the resected hemisphere, 9 axonal pathways, Ci=1–9, were identified using DWI-MAP as follows: C1–3supporting face, hand, and leg motor areas; C4connecting Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas; C5–8connecting Broca’s, Wernicke’s, parietal, and premotor areas; and C9connecting the occipital lobe and lateral geniculate nucleus. For each Ci, the resection margin, di, was measured by the minimal Euclidean distance between the voxels of Ciand the resection boundary determined by spatially coregistered postoperative MRI. If Ciwas resected, diwas assumed to be negative (calculated as –1 × average Euclidean distance between every voxel inside the resected Civolume, ri). Kalman filter prediction was then used to estimate an optimal resection margin, d*i, to balance benefit and risk by approximating the relationship between diand ri. Finally, the authors defined the preservation zone of Cithat can balance the probability of benefit and risk by expanding the cortical area of Ciup to d*ion the 3D cortical surface.RESULTSIn the whole group (n = 77), nonresection of the preoperative preservation zone (i.e., actual resection margin d*igreater than the Kalman filter–defined d*i) accurately predicted the absence of postoperative motor (d*1–3: 0.93 at seizure-free probability of 0.80), language (d*4–8: 0.91 at seizure-free probability of 0.81), and visual deficits (d*9: 0.90 at seizure-free probability of 0.75), suggesting that the preservation of preoperative Ciwithin d*isupports a balance between postoperative functional deficit and seizure freedom. The subsequent subgroup analyses found that preservation of preoperative Ci=1–4,9within d*i=1–4,9may provide accurate deficit predictions independent of age and seizure frequency, suggesting that the DWI-based surgical margin can be effective for surgical planning even in young children and across a range of epilepsy severity.CONCLUSIONSIntegrating DWI-MAP analysis with Kalman filter prediction may help guide epilepsy surgery by visualizing the margins of the eloquent white matter pathways to be preserved.

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Salvi, Elisa, Vincenzo Guideti et Andrea Lo Noce. « Temperamento, cefalea e psicopatologia in etŕ evolutiva ». QUADERNI DI PSICOTERAPIA COGNITIVA, n^o 31 (décembre 2012) : 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/qpc2012-031003.

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Lo scopo di questo studio e stato quello di indagare il rapporto tra cefalea, temperamento, e comportamento in un campione di bambini reclutati presso gli ambulatori di Neuropsichiatria di Roma. Si tratta di 150 bambini, 90 maschi e 60 femmine, di eta compresa tra i 6-11 anni, durante il 2011-2012. I problemi di comportamento sono stati valutati attraverso la Child Behaviour Check List (CBCL) e le dimensioni temperamento attraverso il "Questionario Italiano del Temperamento" (QUIT). QUIT e CBCL sono state somministrate ai genitori dei bambini. La diagnosi e stata effettuata in base ai criteri della Classificazione Internazionale della Cefalea (ICHD II). Emicrania e cefalea tensiva hanno mostrato punteggi simili per quanto riguarda le scale principali della CBCL, con differenze significative nella scale dei problemi internalizzanti, dove hanno riportato punteggi peggiori i bambini con cefalea tensiva, e in quella dei problemi esternalizzanti punteggi peggiori per i soggetti emicranici. La cefalea e uno dei sintomi neurologici piu comuni riportati durante l'infanzia, che porta ad alti livelli di assenze scolastiche e si associa a diverse patologie. In generale, emicrania e cefalea tensiva sono associate a depressione, disturbi d'ansia, e ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). I risultati, confermati dalla letteratura, sembrano sostenere l'ipotesi che ci sia una relazione tra cefalea e comportamenti psicopatologici. Lo sviluppo di una psicopatologia in soggetti con determinati profili temperamentali non e una regola. Dobbiamo porre attenzione nel lavoro quotidiano ad identificare i soggetti a rischio, sia per temperamento o fattori ambientali. L'identificazione precoce di questi fattori di rischio potrebbe dare la possibilita di interventi precoci che potrebbero tenere i bambini lontani dalla patologia.

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Montañez-Hernández, Julio César, Jacqueline Alcalde-Rabanal et Hortensia Reyes-Morales. « Socioeconomic factors and inequality in the distribution of physicians and nurses in Mexico ». Revista de Saúde Pública 54 (13 juillet 2020) : 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002011.

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OBJECTIVE: To describe the human resources for health and analyze the inequality in its distribution in Mexico. METHODS: Cross-sectional study based on the National Occupation and Employment Survey (ENOE in Spanish) for the fourth quarter of 2018 in Mexico. Graduated physicians and nurses, and auxiliary/technician nurses with completed studies were considered as human resources for health. States were grouped by degree of marginalization. Densities of human resources for health per 1,000 inhabitants, Index of Dissimilarity (DI) and Concentration Indices (CI) were estimated as measures of unequal distribution. RESULTS: The density of human resources for health was 4.6 per 1,000 inhabitants. We found heterogeneity among states with densities from 2.3 to 10.5 per 1,000 inhabitants. Inequality was higher in the states with a very low degree of marginalization (CI = 0.4) than those with high marginalization (CI = 0.1), and the inequality in the distribution of physicians (CI = 0.5) was greater than in graduated nurses (CI = 0.3) among states. In addition, 17 states showed a density above the threshold of 4.5 per 1,000 inhabitants proposed in the Global Strategy on Human Resources for Health. That implies a deficit of nearly 60,000 human resources for health among the 15 states below the threshold. For all states, to reach a density equal to the national density of 4.6, about 12.6% of human health resources would have to be distributed among states that were below national density. CONCLUSIONS: In Mexico, there is inequality in the distribution of human resources for health, with state differences. Government mechanisms could support the balance in the labor market of physicians and nurses through a human resources policy

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Wardhani, Jati Kusuma, et Tjipta Bahtera. « S100B sebagai Prediktor Defisit Neurologi pada Anak dengan Sepsis ». Sari Pediatri 22, n^o 4 (24 décembre 2020) : 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp22.4.2020.218-23.

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Latar belakang. Respon sepsis merupakan rantai kejadian yang kompleks, terdiri dari proses inflamasi dan anti inflamasi, reaksi humoral dan selular, dan abnormalitas hemodinamik. Komplikasi sepsis dapat terjadi di semua organ dengan manifestasi berupa kegagalan fungsi multiorgan, salah satunya adalah susunan saraf pusat. Biomarker S100B merupakan suatu pemeriksaan yang digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerusakan neurologi dan prognosis pasien anak/bayi dengan kondisi kritis salah satunya adalah sepsisTujuan. Membuktikan bahwa kadar S100B dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor terjadinya defisit neurologi pada anak dengan sepsis.Metode. Penelitian kohort prospektif pada 52 pasien anak dengan sepsis yang dirawat di Bangsal Anak, HCU, PICU dan IGD RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang periode Januari 2019 sampai Juni 2019. Pasien dengan sepsis diambil sampel darah S100B untuk dinilai kemudian dilihat dalam waktu 3 hari ada atau tidaknya defisit neurologi. Perbedaan S100B antara kedua kelompok dianalisis dengan uji Independent T Test. Cut-off point serum S100B sebagai prediktor defisit neurologi ditentukan dengan menggunakan kurva ROC.Hasil. Sejumlah 52 anak sepsis diikutkan dalam penelitian. Terdapat 20 anak dengan defisit neurologi dan 32 anak tanpa defisit neurologi. Mean S100B dengan defisit neurologi adalah 0,44±0,24 μg/L dan tanpa defisit neurologi adalah 0,14±0,06 μg/L (95% CI 0,21-0,39, p<0,0001). Luas area di bawah kurva ROC 0,923, dengan cut-off point S100B 0,21 μg/L, RR 9,84 (95% CI 3,309 – 29,27; p<0,0001).Kesimpulan. S100B dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor defisit neurologi pada anak dengan sepsis.

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Lubis, Yusuf Hanafi, Betty Maretta, Raihan Melisa Lubis et Fitriani Pramita Gurning. « MODEL PREDIKSI : PERBEDAAN IURAN DAN STRATA SOSIAL YANG BERISIKO BAGI PENGGUNA BPJS KESEHATAN ». Quality : Jurnal Kesehatan 16, n^o 2 (29 novembre 2022) : 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36082/qjk.v16i2.620.

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BPJS Kesehatan diharapkan dapat menyelenggarakan program jaminan sosial kesehatan yang berkualitas dan berkesinam-bungan. Namun, faktanya setiap tahun, defisit BPJS Kesehatan selalu mengalami kenaikan. Tujuan penelitian yaitu agar mengetahui resiko apa yang akan terjadi jika adanya perbedaan iuran dan strata sosial bagi pengguna BPJS kesehatan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan juni 2022 di Kota Medan. Jumlah responden sebanyak 53 orang dari perwakilan populasi yaitu pengguna BPJS kesehatan dengan rentang umur 15-25 tahun diambil dengan cara non random sampling. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan nilai parameter dan ROC. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa ada resiko dan hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel dependen dan independen (p<0,05). Analisis lanjutan dilakukan melalui parameter, residu matrix dan lack of fit (RM; 38,993, LAF; 50,000, Parameter; 4,66-11,46, P-Value; 0,000 (<0,05), 95% CI; 0,95-2,38). Hasil AUC didapatkan sebesar 0,316 (p-value; 0,144, 95% CI; 0,083-0,548). Sensitifitas dan spesifisitas didapat sebesar 0,298 dan 0,667 melalui titik potong >1,5. Kesimpulan pada studi ini ialah adanya hubungan antara resiko perbedaan iuran dan strata sosial dengan pengguna BPJS kesehatan. Saran bagi kepala BPJS kesehatan sebaiknya ditiadakan kelas pelayanan kesehatan agar tidak terjadi perbedaan iuran dan strata sosial di masyarakat.

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Dwi Prakoso, Anom. « Pengaruh Pendapatan, Pengetahuan Dan Kerentanan Penyakit Terhadap Willingness To Pay (WTP) Premi Jaminan Kesehatan Pada Pekerja Sektor Informal ». KESMAS UWIGAMA : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 7, n^o 1 (22 juin 2021) : 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24903/kujkm.v7i1.1166.

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Latar belakang: Target Pemerintah Indonesia tentang Cakupan Semesta atau 100% kepesertaaan Jaminan Kesehatan pada tahun 2019 gagal tercapai, bahkan sampai akhir Oktober 2020. Kegagalan cakupan semesta mengakibatkan Keuangan BPJS Kesehatan semakin terpuruk setelah mengalami defisit. Pekerja sektor informal menjadi sektor paling dominan yang belum mengikuti skema Jaminan Kesehatan sebanyak 30.487.891 pekerja. Pendapatan rendah, tidak pasti tiap bulannya serta ditambah kenaikan premi mengakibatkan menurunnya kesediaan membayar (willingness to pay) premi Jaminan Kesehatan. Tujuan Penelitian: Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan, pengetahuan dan kerentanan penyakit terhadap willingness to pay (WTP) premi Jaminan Kesehatan pada pekerja sektor informal. Metode: Penelitian cross sectional dilakukan di Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah pada bulan Januari-Februari 2020. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah 200 pekerja sektor informal yang belum menjadi peserta BPJS Kesehatan. Variabel dependen yaitu willingness to pay. Variabel independen yaitu pendapatan, pengetahuan dan kerentanan penyakit. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis data dengan regresi logistik. Hasil: Willingness to pay premi Jaminan Kesehatan pada pekerja sektor informal meningkat pada pendapatan ≥Rp 2,218,451 (b=2.02; CI 95%= 1.01-3.55; p=0.044), pengetahuan tinggi (b=4.64; CI 95%= 2.36-8.31; p<0.001), kerentanan penyakit tinggi (b= 3.01; CI 95%= 0.26-5.75; p=0.031). Kesimpulan: Pendapatan, pengetahuan dan kerentanan penyakit memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap willingness to pay premi Jaminan Kesehatan pada pekerja sektor informal.

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Bhatia, Smita, Wendy Landier, Lindsey Hageman, Can-Lan Sun, Heeyoung Kim, Nancy Kornegay, William E. Evans et al. « High Intra-Individual Variability In Systemic Exposure To 6 Mercaptopurine (6MP) In Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Contributes To ALL Relapse : Results From a Children’s Oncology Group (COG) Study (AALL03N1) ». Blood 122, n^o 21 (15 novembre 2013) : 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.59.59.

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Abstract Background Prolonged (∼2y) exposure to 6MP is associated with durable remissions in children with ALL. 6MP exerts cytotoxicity through conversion to thioguanine nucleotide (TGN) that is incorporated into DNA. Erythrocyte TGN concentration correlates with cytotoxicity. Systemic exposure to 6MP is influenced by: i) prescribed dose (dose intensity [DI]), ii) patient (pt) adherence, and iii) inherited capacity to metabolize 6MP by thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT). Previous studies have shown the individual impact of these variables, but the contribution of each of these variable measured simultaneously in determining relapse risk is unknown – and was explored in the current study. Methods: We enrolled 744 pts in 1st remission and receiving oral 6MP (75 mg/m2/d) during maintenance. Monthly TGNs (∼6/ pt) yielded 3,953 measurements. 6MP DI (dose prescribed/ protocol dose) was ascertained for 113,682 days. TPMT genotyping classified pts as TPMT wild-type homozygotes (WT, 93.2%), heterozygotes (het, 6.7%) and homozygotes for deficient variants (def, 0.1%). Coefficient of variation (CV) was used to determine intra-individual variability in TGN (IQR=17.6-40.3), DI (3.2-28.2) and ANC (29.0-59.7). Using TGN CV% <30 vs. ≥30, DI CV% <20 vs. ≥20, and ANC CV% <50 vs. ≥50, pts were classified as having stable TGN (s30TGN) vs. variable TGN (v30TGN), stable DI (s20DI) vs. variable DI (v20DI), and stable ANC (s50ANC) vs. variable ANC (v50ANC), respectively. 459 of these pts contributed 75,720 pt-days of electronically-monitored (MEMS) adherence data. Adherence rate was defined as days 6MP MEMS bottle was opened/days 6MP was prescribed. Results: Median age at diagnosis was 5y (1-19); 68% were males; 43% had high-risk disease. TGN levels, 6MP DI, and cumulative incidence (CI) of relapse are summarized in Table. 59 relapses occurred after a median follow-up of 6y (CI of relapse: 8.8% at 5y). TGN levels were higher (300 vs. 140 pmol/8*10^8 erythrocytes, p<0.0001), 6MP DI was lower (0.65 vs. 0.86, p=0.0002) and risk of relapse tended to be lower (5y CI: 2.5% vs. 9.2%, p=0.1) among TPMT het/def vs. WT. Subsequent analyses were restricted to TPMT WT pts. Determinants of ALL relapse: Multivariable Cox regression analysis (adjusted for clinical factors) identified only adherence rate <95% to be associated with relapse (HR=2.5, p=0.03); neither low TGN (<140 [median]: HR=2.0, p=0.1), nor low DI (<0.86 [median]; HR=1.3, p=0.5) increased relapse risk. However, pts with v30TGN had lower TGN levels (126.3 vs. 149.3, p<0.0001), lower 6MP DI (0.86 vs. 0.90, p=0.01), lower adherence rates (85.4% vs. 92.7%, p=0.0002) (Table) and higher 5y CI of relapse (12.4% vs. 5.3%, p=0.02) than pts with s30TGN (Fig 1A). Multivariable Cox regression confirmed the increased relapse risk associated with v30TGN (HR=2.2, p=0.04). Similarly, pts with v20DI were at a higher relapse risk than pts with s20DI (5y CI: 13.4% vs. 6.7%, p=0.008, Fig 1B); multivariable analysis confirmed this association with v20DI (HR=1.8, p=0.04). Determinants of high intra-individual variability in TGN: Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that non-adherence (OR=2.1, p=0.0005) and high intra-individual variability in 6MP DI (v20DI: OR=5.5, p<0.0001) were independently associated with v30TGN. The variability in 6MP DI, in turn, was due to high intra-individual variability in ANC (v50ANC: OR=2.7, p<0.0001; using multivariable logistic regression analysis). Conclusions: Absolute TGN levels do not help prognosticate relapse risk; instead, high intra-individual variability in TGN levels, determined by both intra-individual variability in 6MP DI and lack of adherence to 6MP contribute to relapse risk in this population. These findings reinforce the need to minimize fluctuations in 6MP prescribed dose, as well as use measures to enhance adherence. Disclosures: Evans: St. Jude: In accordance with institutional policy, St. Jude allocates a portion of the income it receives from licensing inventions and tangible research materials to those researchers responsible for creating this intellectual property. Patents & Royalties, Under this policy, I and/or my spouse have in the past received a portion of the income St. Jude receives from licensing patent rights related to TPMT polymorphisms as clinical diagnostics., Under this policy, I and/or my spouse have in the past received a portion of the income St. Jude receives from licensing patent rights related to TPMT polymorphisms as clinical diagnostics. Other. Relling:St. Jude: In accordance with institutional policy, St. Jude allocates a portion of the income it receives from licensing inventions and tangible research materials to those researchers responsible for creating this intellectual property. Patents & Royalties, Under this policy, I and/or my spouse have in the past received a portion of the income St. Jude receives from licensing patent rights related to TPMT polymorphisms as clinical diagnostics., Under this policy, I and/or my spouse have in the past received a portion of the income St. Jude receives from licensing patent rights related to TPMT polymorphisms as clinical diagnostics. Other.

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Kumar, Ravindra, MPSS Singh, Soumendu Mahapatra, Sonam Chourasia, Malay Kumar Tripathi, John Oommen, Praveen Kumar Bharti et Rajasubramaniam Shanmugam. « Fine mapping of Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in rural area of South West Odisha using the clinical, hematological and molecular approach ». Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 12, n^o 1 (26 février 2020) : e2020015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2020.015.

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Introduction: The aim of the study was to enumerate the clinical, hematological and molecular spectrum of G6PD deficiency in malaria endemic regions of south west Odisha. Methods: Diagnosis of G6PD deficiency was made by using the Di-chloroindophenol Dye test in from two south west districts (Kalahandi and Rayagada) of Odisha State. Demographic and clinical history was taken from each individual using a pre-structured questionnaire. Molecular characterization of G6PD deficiency was done using PCR-RFLP and Sanger sequencing. Results: A total of 1981 individuals were screened, out of which 59 (2.97%) individuals were found G6PD deficient. Analysis revealed that G6PD deficiency was more in males (4.0%) as compared to females (2.3%). G6PD deficiency was significantly higher in tribal population (4.8%) as compared to non-tribal populations (2.4%) (p=0.012, OR=2.014, 95%CI =1.206-3.365). Individuals with history of malaria and G6PD deficiency have high risk of need of blood transfusion than G6PD normal individuals (p=0.026, OR=3.816, 95%CI=1.079-13.496). Molecular analysis revealed G6PD Orissa as the most common (88%) mutation 88% in the studied cohort. G6PD Kaiping (n=3), G6PD Coimbra (n=2) and G6PD Union (n=1) were also identified in studied cohort. Conclusion: The cumulative prevalence of G6PD deficiency the present is below the estimated national prevalence. G6PD deficiency was higher in tribes as compared to non-tribes. Rare G6PD Kaiping and G6PD Union variants have been identified.

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Lugito, Sunarto Tetes, Dono Indarto et Diffah Hanim. « The intakes of vitamin d and zinc and the menstrual periods of the high-school adolescent girls ». Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) 6, n^o 3 (30 mars 2019) : 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2018.6(3).122-132.

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ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Menstruasi adalah salah satu proses fisiologis dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sistem reproduksi remaja putri yang membutuhkan asupan zat gizi yang memadai. Zinc digunakan sebagai kofaktor pada reseptor estrogen dan progestron sedangkan vitamin D belum diketahui fungsinya dalam mengatur siklus menstruasi. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan antara asupan vitamin D dan zinc dan durasi menstruasi pada remaja putri. Metode: Sebanyak 154 remaja putri kelas X dan XI dari dua SMA di Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah berpartisipasi dalam studi cross-sectional ini. Subjek penelitian dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi: usia 15-18 tahun dan tidak sedang menstruasi. Data antropometri dikumpulkan dengan pengukuran berat badan (kg) dan tinggi badan(m) sedangkan asupan vitamin D dan zinc diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner food recall 24 jam dalam 3 hari bergantian. Uji chi-square dan regresi logistik ganda digunakan untuk menganalisis variabel penelitian dengan nilai signifikansi <0,05. Hasil: Semua remaja putri memiliki asupan vitamin D yang tidak adekuat dan 89% diantaranya memiliki asupan zinc yang tidak adekuat. Durasi menstruasi yang panjang terjadi pada 8,4 % remaja putri. Asupan vitamin D yang kurang (OR=4,57; 95% CI = 0,943-22,154; p=0,059) memperpanjang durasi menstruasi sedangkan dan asupan zinc yang kurang (OR=0,247; 95% CI=0,073-0,835; p=0,024) memperpendek durasi menstruasi, dibandingkan dengan asupan vitamin D dan zinc yang cukup pada remaja putri. Kesimpulan: Asupan vitamin D yang kurang meningkatkan durasi menstruasi tetapi asupan zinc yang kurang justru menurunkan durasi menstruasi remaja putri SMA di Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Edukasi gizi di perlukan untuk meningkatkan asupan mikronutrien untuk mempertahankan durasi menstruasi. KATA KUNCI : asupan vitamin D, asupan zinc, menstruasi, remaja putri. ABSTRACTBackground: Menstruation is one of the physiological processes on growth and development of the reproductive system in adolescent girls who need adequate nutrient intake. Zinc is used as a cofactor for estrogen and progestron receptors, while vitamin D has not been known to regulate the menstrual cycle. Insufficient food intake can interfere with the duration of menstruation. Objectives: To analyse the relationship between the intakes of vitamin D and zinc and the menstrual periods of the adolescent girls.Methods: A total of 154 tenth- and eleventh-grade girl students from two senior high schools in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java participated in this cross-sectional study. They were chosen using purposive-sampling technique with the following inclusion criteria: age of 15-18 years and not menstruating. The anthropometric data were collected by the measurement of Body Weight(kg) and Body Height (m) while the data of vitamin D and zinc intakes were obtained using a 24-hour-food-recall questionnaire in 3 alternating days. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyse the research variables with the significance value of < 0.05. Results: All adolescent girls had inadequate vitamin D intake and 89% of them had inadequate zinc intake. Long menstrual duration occurred in 8.4% of the adolescent girls. The deficient intake of vitamin D (OR = 4.57. 95% CI = 0.943-22.154; p = 0.059) lengthened the menstrual period whereas deficient zinc intake, (OR = 0.247. 95% CI = 0.073-0.835; p = 0.024) shortened it compared with adequate vitamin D and zinc intakes in adolescent girls.Conclusions: The deficient intake of vitamin D increases the menstrual duration, but the deficient intake of zinc actually lowers the menstrual period of high-school girls in Sukoharjo Regency. Nutritional education is needed to increase micro-nutrient intakes to maintain menstrual duration. KEYWORDS: adolescent girls, menstruation, vitamin D intake, zinc intake.

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Fiskus, Warren, Sunil Sharma, Sunil Abhyankar, Joseph McGuirk, David J. Bearss et Kapil Bhalla. « Pre-Clinical Efficacy of Combined Therapy with LSD1 Antagonist SP-2509 and Pan-Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Against AML Blast Progenitor Cells ». Blood 120, n^o 21 (16 novembre 2012) : 868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.868.868.

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Abstract Abstract 868 LSD1 (KDM1A) is an FAD-dependent histone demethylase, with homology to amine oxidases. LSD1 demethylates di- and mono-methylated lysine (K) 4 on histone H3, reducing the permissive H3K4Me3 chromatin mark for gene expression. LSD1 forms a complex with the histone deacetylases (HDAC) 1 and 2 and with the co-repressor CoREST, which stimulates the activity of LSD1 toward nucleosomes. While high LSD1 expression may be an effector of blocked differentiation and confers poor prognosis in AML, LSD1 inhibition induces the expression of myeloid–differentiation associated genes and attenuates growth of AML blast progenitor cells (BPCs). Recently, LSD1 was shown to sustain the in vivo leukemogenic potential of MLL-AF9 expressing leukemia stem cells. Also, co-treatment with the LSD1 inhibitor tranylcypromine (TCP) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was shown to diminish the engraftment of primary AML BPCs in vivo in NOD-SCID-γIL-2 receptor deficient (NSG) mice. Previous studies have shown that HDAC inhibitors attenuate the levels of LSD1 through Sp1 inhibition. SP-2509 is a potent and selective FAD-binding pocket, non-MAOA and MAOB, inhibitor with an IC50 of 13 nM for LSD1. In the present studies, we determined the chromatin effects and anti-AML efficacy of SP-2509 alone and in combination with the pan-HDAC inhibitor panobinostat (PS) (Novartis Pharmaceuticals) in cultured (HL-60, OCI-AML3, MV4-11, MOLM13, THP1 and SKM1 cells) and primary human AML BPCs. Treatment with SP-2509 (250 to 1000 nM) dose-dependently increased the levels of H3K4Me2 & Me3 chromatin mark, and chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by QPCR analyses showed an increase in the H3K4Me3 mark on the gene promoters of KLF4, HMOX1, p57 and p21 in AML BPCs. SP-2509 treatment attenuated the binding of LSD1 with CoREST, accompanied with increased levels of p16, p21 and p27 in AML BPCs. Consistent with this, treatment with SP-2509 inhibited the suspension and colony growth of AML BPCs regardless of whether they expressed MLL fusion oncoproteins. Knockdown of LSD1 by shRNA also inhibited the suspension and colony growth of AML blast progenitor cells. SP-2509 also induced C/EBPα expression and features of morphologic differentiation in the cultured and primary AML BPCs. Following tail vein infusion and establishment of AML by OCI-AML3 or MOLM13 cells in NOD/SCID mice, treatment with SP-2509 (25 mg/kg b.i.w. via IP injection) for three weeks demonstrated improved survival of the mice compared to the vehicle control treated mice (p <0. 001). We have previously reported that treatment with PS depleted polycomb repressive complex proteins EZH2, SUZ12 and BMI1 but also reduced LSD1 expression in AML cells. Co-treatment with PS enhanced SP-2509-induced chromatin effects and differentiation of AML cells. Also, PS and SP-2509 synergistically induced apoptosis of the cultured AML OCI-AML3, MOLM13 and MV4-11cells (combination indices, CI <1.0). Additionally, co-treatment with SP-2509 sensitized AML cells to ATRA-induced differentiation. Notably, co-treatment with SP-2509 and PS also induced significantly greater loss of viability of primary AML BPCs but not of normal CD34+ cells. SP-2509 treatment (15 mg/kg b.i.w. IP) also dramatically improved survival of NSG mice with established human AML following tail-vein injection of primary AML blasts. Survival was further significantly improved upon co-treatment with SP-2509 and PS (5 mg/kg IP, MWF) (p < 0.001). Mice did not experience any toxicity or weight loss. Taken together, these findings demonstrate promising pre-clinical activity of combined therapy with SP-2509 and PS, warranting further in vivo development and testing of SP-2509 against human AML. Disclosures: Sharma: Salarius Pharmaceuticals: Equity Ownership.

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Berton, Dominique, Patricia Pautier, Domenica Lorusso, Christine Gennigens, Laurence Gladieff, Anna Kryzhanivska, Sulabha Ranganathan, Chuan Tian, Nawel Bourayou et Ignace Vergote. « 956 Retifanlimab (INCMGA00012) in patients with recurrent MSI-H or dMMR endometrial cancer : results from the POD1UM-101 study ». Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (novembre 2021) : A1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.956.

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BackgroundManagement of patients with recurrent endometrial cancer after failure on platinum-based therapy remains a clinical challenge. Retifanlimab (INCMGA00012) is an investigational humanized immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal antibody against programmed cell death 1 (PD-1). We previously reported encouraging results from a preplanned interim analysis in patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) recurrent endometrial cancer treated with retifanlimab in POD1UM-101 [1]. Here, we provide top-line results from the full cohort of patients in the POD1UM-101 study.MethodsEligible patients have histologically proven, unresectable recurrent MSI-H or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) endometrial cancer (per local testing), ECOG PS ≤1, disease progression during or following 1 to ≤5 prior systemic treatments, measurable disease (per RECIST v1.1), and are naïve to prior immune checkpoint inhibitors. MSI-H and dMMR status were centrally confirmed using PCR and IHC, respectively. Patients receive retifanlimab 500 mg every 4 weeks for up to 2 years. The primary study endpoint is safety. Confirmed best overall response and duration of response (DOR) were evaluated by independent central review (ICR) using RECIST v1.1.ResultsAs of July 6, 2021, 76 patients with centrally confirmed MSI-H (65 [85.5%]) or dMMR (11 [14.5%]) endometrial cancer had received ≥1 dose of retifanlimab; median age was 67.0 (49–88) years, 70 (92.1%) had endometrioid histology, 67 (88.2%) had metastatic disease, and 61 (80.3%) had visceral metastases. Sixty-eight (89.5%) patients had prior surgery or procedure, 54 (71.1%) patients were treated with radiotherapy, and 75 (98.7%) patients had received prior systemic therapy for advanced disease (33 [43.4%] received ≥2 prior systemic therapies for advanced disease). Median retifanlimab exposure was 7.4 (0.03–23.0) months. At data cutoff, 2 (2.6%) patients completed treatment and 30 (39.5%) were on treatment. Grade ≥3 treatment emergent AEs (TEAEs) occurred in 33 (43.4%) patients, including 10 (13.2%) with anemia and 7 (9.2%) with an immune-related AE (nephritis, n=2; autoimmune hepatitis, hepatitis, myositis, rash, and pneumonitis, n=1 each). There were no treatment-related AEs with fatal outcome. Centrally confirmed objective responses were observed in 33 (43.4%) patients (95% CI, 32.1–55.3), with 11 (14.5%) complete and 22 (28.9%) partial responses. Of the 33 patients with objective response, 25 (75.8%) had DOR for ≥6 months; median DOR was not reached. Median follow-up time for response was 8.4 (range, 1.9–28.3) months.ConclusionsRetifanlimab was well tolerated and demonstrated encouraging antitumor activity in patients with pretreated recurrent MSI-H or dMMR endometrial cancer, consistent with that achieved with other PD-1 therapies.AcknowledgementsThis study is sponsored by Incyte Corporation (Wilmington, DE).Trial RegistrationClinicaltrialsgov NCT03059823, EudraCT 2017-000865-63ReferenceBerton-Rigaud D, et al. J ImmunoTher Cancer 2020;8(Suppl 3):A164–A165 [Abstract 268].Ethics ApprovalThis study was approved by institutional review boards or independent ethics committees in Belgium (Aan de Commissie Medische Ethiek University Hospitals Leuven [CEC: S62335]; Ethics Committee of Hospital-Faculty University of Liège [LEC: 2019/48]); Bulgaria (Ethics Committee for Clinical Trials, Sofia [RA: IAL-24443/08.06.2017; CEC: КИ-80/08.06.2017]); Finland (HUS Tutkimuseettiset toimikunnat Biomedicum Helsinki [RA: KLnro 124/2019]); France (CPP Île-de-France X Hôpital, Aulnay-sous-Bois cedex [RA: MED MSA NAT-2019-08-00080; CEC: CN-RIPH 19.02.17.56415/CPP 27-2019]); Germany (Ethik-Kommission der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg [RA: 3102/012; EC: 506/18]; Ethics Committee at the Technical University of Dresden, Dresden [RA: 3102/012; EC: EK 4854 AB]; Ethics Committee of the State of Berlin, Berlin [RA: 3102/012; EC: 17/0411 EK 12/15]); Italy (Comitato Etico del Policlinico Gemelli Fondazione Policlinico Universitario ”Agostino Gemelli”, Roma (RM) [no approval number issued by RA or EC]; Comitato Etico IRCCS di Candiolo, Candiolo-TO [no approval number issued by RA or EC]); Latvia (Ethics Committee for Clinical Research at Development Society of Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga [no approval number issued by RA or EC]); Lithuania (Lithuanian Bioethics Committee, Vilnius [no approval number issued by RA or EC]); Poland (Komisja Bioetyczna przy Uniwersytecie Medycznym, Pozna&nacute; [RA: UR.DBL.474.0350.2017; CEC: 622/17]); Spain (Comité de Ética de Investigación con Medicamentos, Madrid Centro Actividades Ambulatoria [RA: 17-073 (Locator: 2VK42NE57D); CEC: 17/211]); Ukraine (Ethical Committee at Prykarpatsky Regional Clinical Oncology Center of Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Rada, Ivano-Frankivsk [no approval number issued by RA or EC]); United States (IntegReview IRB, Austin, TX [no approval number issued by IRB]; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Institutional Review Board, Houston, TX [no approval number issued by IRB]).

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Hidayat, Pearensia E. P., Theresia M. D. Kaunang et Anita E. Dundu. « Hubungan Konsumsi Makanan Manis sebagai Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian dan Hiperaktivitas pada Anak di 9 Sekolah Dasar Kota Manado ». e-CliniC 8, n^o 1 (31 décembre 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/ecl.8.1.2020.27137.

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Abstract: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in childhood and can be associated with sweetened food consumption. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of ADHD children and the association between sweetened food consumption and children in nine elementary schools in Manado. This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were students of elementary schools that represented nine districts in Manado and were randomly selected using the multi-stage random sampling technique. The results showed that there wre 20.1% of elementary school students in Manado that had ADHD. Statistical analysis obtained a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05) and OR(CI 95%) = 23.61 (OR>1). In conclusion, the prevalence of ADHD children in Manado was still high and there was a positive correlation between sweetened food consumption as a risk factor of children with ADHD in elementary schools in Manado.Keywords: ADHD, sweetened food consumption, elementary school student Abstrak: Gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas (GPPH) adalah salah satu gangguan psikiatri anak yang paling sering dan dihubungkan dengan konsumsi makanan manis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi GPPH pada anak dan hubungan konsumsi makanan manis sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya GPPH pada anak di sembilan sekolah dasar di Kota Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel yang digunakan ialah siswa Sekolah Dasar yang mewakili sembilan Kecamatan di Kota Manado yang dipilih secara acak dengan teknik multi stage random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan dengan uji asosiasi Fisher Exact. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 20,1% anak Sekolah Dasar di Kota Manado menyandang GPPH. Hasil analisis data mendapatkan nilai p=0,000 (<0,05) dan OR=23,61 (OR>1). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah angka kejadian GPPH di Manado cukup tinggi dan terdapat hubungan positif antara seringnya mengonsumsi makanan manis sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya GPPH pada anak.Kata kunci: GPPH, makanan manis, anak sekolah dasar

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Hidayat, Pearensia E. P., Theresia M. D. Kaunang et Anita E. Dundu. « Hubungan Konsumsi Makanan Manis sebagai Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian dan Hiperaktivitas pada Anak di 9 Sekolah Dasar Kota Manado ». e-CliniC 8, n^o 1 (31 décembre 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v8i1.27137.

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Abstract: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in childhood and can be associated with sweetened food consumption. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of ADHD children and the association between sweetened food consumption and children in nine elementary schools in Manado. This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were students of elementary schools that represented nine districts in Manado and were randomly selected using the multi-stage random sampling technique. The results showed that there wre 20.1% of elementary school students in Manado that had ADHD. Statistical analysis obtained a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05) and OR(CI 95%) = 23.61 (OR>1). In conclusion, the prevalence of ADHD children in Manado was still high and there was a positive correlation between sweetened food consumption as a risk factor of children with ADHD in elementary schools in Manado.Keywords: ADHD, sweetened food consumption, elementary school student Abstrak: Gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas (GPPH) adalah salah satu gangguan psikiatri anak yang paling sering dan dihubungkan dengan konsumsi makanan manis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi GPPH pada anak dan hubungan konsumsi makanan manis sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya GPPH pada anak di sembilan sekolah dasar di Kota Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel yang digunakan ialah siswa Sekolah Dasar yang mewakili sembilan Kecamatan di Kota Manado yang dipilih secara acak dengan teknik multi stage random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan dengan uji asosiasi Fisher Exact. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 20,1% anak Sekolah Dasar di Kota Manado menyandang GPPH. Hasil analisis data mendapatkan nilai p=0,000 (<0,05) dan OR=23,61 (OR>1). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah angka kejadian GPPH di Manado cukup tinggi dan terdapat hubungan positif antara seringnya mengonsumsi makanan manis sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya GPPH pada anak.Kata kunci: GPPH, makanan manis, anak sekolah dasar

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Fitriah, Nur, Henry Setyawan S, Mateus Sakundarno Adi et Ari Udiyono. « Faktor Risiko Kejadian Dehidrasi pada Petani Garam di Kecamatan Kaliori, Kabupaten Rembang ». Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia 2, n^o 2 (19 juillet 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/epidkes.v2i2.1843.

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Dehidrasi merupakan salah satu tanda dari ketidakseimbangan cairan tubuh. Status hidrasi penduduk indonesia yaitu 49,2% penduduk tidak terhidrasi dengan baik. Salah satu kelompok yang berisiko tinggi terhadap dehidrasi adalah petani garam. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko dehidrasi pada petani garam yaitu faktor pengetahuan, faktor aktivitas fisik, faktor asupan cairan, dan faktor alat pelindung diri terhadap kejadian dehidrasi. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan desain studi cross sectional. Jumlah subjek pada penelitian ini sebanyak 100 yang dipilih dengan teknik simple random sampling. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa pengetahuan, dan aktivitas fisik bukan merupakan faktor risiko dehidrasi pada petani garam. Variabel asupan cairan masih belum menunjukan bukti yang kuat sebagai faktor risiko dehidrasi pada petani garam (POR=3,1; 95%CI=0,3-31,1), tetapi proporsi responden yang mangalami dehidrasi pada kategori asupan cairan defisit(51%) lebih besar daripada responden pada kategori asupan cairan cukup(25%). Selain itu, penggunaan APD yang buruk pada petani garam berisiko 2,4 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami dehidrasi (POR=2,4; 95%CI=1,1-5,5). Petani garam di Kecamatan Kaliori disarankan untuk meningkatkan jumlah konsumsi cairan dan menggunakan APD yang sesuai standar untuk mencegah dehidrasi.

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Wang, Chuyuan, Yongze Li, Di Teng, Xiaoguang Shi, Jianming Ba, Bing Chen, Jianling Du et al. « Hyperthyroidism Prevalence in China After Universal Salt Iodization ». Frontiers in Endocrinology 12 (28 mai 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.651534.

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BackgroundUniversal salt iodization (USI) was implemented in mainland China in 1996. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism and its risk factors now require examination.MethodsData were acquired from a nationwide Thyroid, Iodine, and Diabetes Epidemiological survey (TIDE 2015–2017) of 78,470 subjects from 31 provinces. Iodine status, and thyroid hormones and antibodies were measured. ResultsAfter two decades of USI, the prevalence of overt hyperthyroidism (OH), Graves’ disease (GD), severe subclinical hyperthyroidism (severe SCH), and mild subclinical hyperthyroidism (mild SCH) in mainland China was 0.78%, 0.53%, 0.22%, and 0.22%, respectively. OH and GD prevalence were higher in women than in men (OH: 1.16% vs. 0.64%, P<0.001; GD: 0.65% vs. 0.37%, P<0.001).Prevalence was significantly decreased after 60 years-of-age compared with 30–39 years-of-age (OH:0.61% vs. 0.81%, P<0.001; GD: 0.38% vs. 0.57%, P<0.001).Excessive iodine(EI) and deficient iodine(DI) were both related to increased prevalence of OH (odds ratio [OR] 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68–2.59; OR1.35, 95%CI 1.07–1.72, respectively); however, only deficient iodine was associated with increased prevalence of GD (OR1.67, 95%CI 1.30–2.15). Increased thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody levels were significantly associated with prevalence of OH and GD, but not severe SCH and mild SCH. Although hyperthyroidism was more prevalent in women, the association disappeared after adjusting for other factors such as antibody levels.ConclusionOH and GD prevalences in mainland China are stable after two decades of USI. Iodine deficiency, elevated thyroid antibody levels, and middle age are the main risk factors for OH and GD. The severe SCH population, rather than the mild SCH population, shows similar characteristics to the OH population.

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Babiker, Amir, Bothainah Alaqeel, Ayman Al-Eyadhy, Nawaf A. Selayem, Sharifah Alissa, Areej Alsofyani, Emad Masuadi, Fahad Al Juraibah, Sherif Elwatidy et Mohamad Maghnie. « Postoperative intensive care management and residual endocrinopathy of pediatric supratentorial brain tumors : a retrospective cohort study ». Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, 19 mai 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2021-0779.

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Abstract Objectives Endocrinopathy can occur as a postoperative sequel in children treated for supratentorial tumors (STTs). We assessed prediction of a residual hypothalamic/pituitary insufficiency (HPI) in these patients and factors associated with prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS). Methods This is a retrospective cohort study of children who had surgery for STTs in two tertiary centers in Saudi Arabia (2009–2019). We assessed PICU postoperative management and risk of HPI. Data were analyzed using SPSS V24.0 and a logistic regression model for a prediction of a prolonged LOS. Results Data included 55 children (1–18 years, mean 9.5 ± 4.9 years) who required STT surgeries, 32 (54%) females. Craniopharyngioma (27.3%) was the commonest STTs and 20% of patients had initial symptoms of HPI. PICU management included the use of different types of intravenous fluids (IVFs) and medications such as steroids and desmopressin (DDAVP). An early postoperative DI was reported in 21.8% (n=12/55). Residual HPI included 24 (43.6%) presumed cortisol deficient and 18 (32.7%) central DI patients. Risk factors for postoperative HPI were female gender, age <6 years, headache and preoperative pituitary symptoms. LOS (Median=25.5 ± 12.2 days) was significantly prolonged in patients who required two or more doses of DDAVP [B=13; 95% CI= (1.7–24.3) days] and reduced in patients who had suspected preoperative HPI [B=−19.6; 95% CI= (−31.1, −8.2) days]. Conclusions Prediction of postoperative HPI in pediatric STTs enhances an early initiation of treatment in PICU and reduces LOS. A meticulous use of IVF and medications supervised by a multidisciplinary team is essential for a favorable outcome.

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Kembuan, Mieke A. H. N. « GAMBARAN GANGGUAN KADAR NATRIUM SERUM PADA PASIEN STROKE DI RSUP PROF. DR. R.D. KANDOU MANADO ». JURNAL BIOMEDIK (JBM) 5, n^o 2 (23 septembre 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/jbm.5.2.2013.2589.

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Abstract: World-wide, stroke is a main public health problem. It is one of the leading causes of chronic disability and death. Both hyponatremia and hypernatremia have a negative influence on the outcome of strokes. Hyponatremia is associated with increased mortality and complication rate, meanwhile hypernatremia is often found in the treatment of cerebral oedema in strokes. There are scarce data about natrium level disorders in acute strokes, especially from developing countries. This study aimed to describe the incidence of natrium disorders among acute stroke patients, and the difference of means of natrium based on the severity of the stroke and on GCS at admission. This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Samples consisted of 82 patients that met the inclusion criteria. The data of natrium levels were obtained from the hospital medical records. The results showed that the incidence of natrium disorders among acute stroke victims was 30%. The mean natrium level was 138.01 Meq/L (95% CI, 135.83-140.20). The incidence of hyponatremia was 28% while hypernatremia was 2%. There was no difference of mean-natrium-levels based on the severity of strokes (P > 0.05) and of GCS (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of natrium disorders among acute stroke patients was high but there was no difference between mean natrium levels based on the severity of strokes and of GCS. Keywords: natrium, natrium level disorders, acute stroke. Abstrak: Stroke termasuk dalam masalah kesehatan utama di masyarakat dan merupakan penyebab utama kecacatan kronik dengan angka mortalitas tertinggi ke-2 di seluruh dunia. Baik hiponatremia maupun hipernatremia memberikan pengaruh negatif terhadap keluaran stroke. Hiponatremia meningkatkan angka kematian dan komplikasi, sedangkan hipernatremia sering terdeteksi bersamaan dengan penanganan edema serebral pada stroke. Data mengenai insidens gangguan kadar natrium pada stroke akut masih sangat kurang, terutama dari negara-negara berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan insidens gangguan kadar natrium pada pasien stroke akut dan deskripsi perbedaan rerata kadar natrium pada berbagai derajat defisit neurologi dan GCS saat masuk rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bersifat potong lintang berbasis rumah sakit dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 82 dan kriteri inklusi tertentu. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan angka insidens gangguan kadar natrium pada stroke akut sebesar 30%. Rerata kadar natrium 138.01 Meq/L (95% CI, 135,83-140,20). Hiponatremia didapatkan pada 28% kasus sedangkan hipernatremia pada 2% kasus stroke akut. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara rerata kadar natrium berdasarkan beratnya stroke dan GCS (P > 0,05). Simpulan: Insidens gangguan kadar natrium pada stroke akut tinggi. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara rerata kadar natrium berdasarkan beratnya stroke dan GCS. Kata kunci: natrium, gangguan kadar natrium, stroke akut.

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Clark, Jeliyah, Paige Bommarito, Miroslav Stýblo, Marisela Rubio-Andrade, Gonzalo G. García-Vargas, Mary V. Gamble et Rebecca C. Fry. « Maternal serum concentrations of one-carbon metabolism factors modify the association between biomarkers of arsenic methylation efficiency and birth weight ». Environmental Health 21, n^o 1 (14 juillet 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00875-7.

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Abstract Background Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a ubiquitous metalloid and drinking water contaminant. Prenatal exposure is associated with birth outcomes across multiple studies. During metabolism, iAs is sequentially methylated to mono- and di-methylated arsenical species (MMAs and DMAs) to facilitate whole body clearance. Inefficient methylation (e.g., higher urinary % MMAs) is associated with increased risk of certain iAs-associated diseases. One-carbon metabolism factors influence iAs methylation, modifying toxicity in adults, and warrant further study during the prenatal period. The objective of this study was to evaluate folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine as modifiers of the relationship between biomarkers of iAs methylation efficiency and birth outcomes. Methods Data from the Biomarkers of Exposure to ARsenic (BEAR) pregnancy cohort (2011–2012) with maternal urine and cord serum arsenic biomarkers and maternal serum folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine concentrations were utilized. One-carbon metabolism factors were dichotomized using clinical cutoffs and median splits. Multivariable linear regression models were fit to evaluate associations between each biomarker and birth outcome overall and within levels of one-carbon metabolism factors. Likelihood ratio tests of full and reduced models were used to test the significance of statistical interactions on the additive scale (α = 0.10). Results Among urinary biomarkers, % U-MMAs was most strongly associated with birth weight (β = − 23.09, 95% CI: − 44.54, − 1.64). Larger, more negative mean differences in birth weight were observed among infants born to women who were B12 deficient (β = − 28.69, 95% CI: − 53.97, − 3.42) or experiencing hyperhomocysteinemia (β = − 63.29, 95% CI: − 154.77, 28.19). Generally, mean differences in birth weight were attenuated among infants born to mothers with higher serum concentrations of folate and vitamin B12 (or lower serum concentrations of homocysteine). Effect modification by vitamin B12 and homocysteine was significant on the additive scale for some associations. Results for gestational age were less compelling, with an approximate one-week mean difference associated with C-tAs (β = 0.87, 95% CI: 0, 1.74), but not meaningful otherwise. Conclusions Tissue distributions of iAs and its metabolites (e.g., % MMAs) may vary according to serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine during pregnancy. This represents a potential mechanism through which maternal diet may modify the harms of prenatal exposure to iAs.

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