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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Decisional models »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 9 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Decisional models"

T., S. Aimé Metchebon, Valérie Brison, and Marc Pirlot. "Two models for comparing decisional maps." International Journal of Multicriteria Decision Making 3, no. 2/3 (2013): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmcdm.2013.053730.

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Ferrarese, Moreno. "Decisional processing on parking behavior in entropic settings." Archives of Transport 41, no. 1 (2017): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.7377.

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This paper surveys the most recent advances in the context of decisional processing with focusing on the parking behavior in entropic settings, including the measures and the necessary mechanisms for the interaction of the actors-players, and their connection to decisional processing theory. The aim of this article is to provide a critical review of the most fashionable models and methods in parking lot financial design: the first class of methods covers the approach of analysis with the random entropic model; the second class of methods is the decisional processing through rational choice models as rational individual evaluations. Both techniques are described in detail in sections; we illustrate them using the well-known and easy multimodal problem approach and then we present the advanced applications. Thus, it is possible to identify all strong and weak points of the models and to compare them for a best feasible solution for parking lot economic and financial design. Taking into account a close equivalence between the aggregate methods of entropy maximization and disaggregated microeconomic method of discrete choice models, based on random utility theory, we try to provide a critical approach of it through the rational choice models and to underline the possible benefit of it for the problem decision.

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Dewald, Samantha Rose, Loki Natarajan, and Irene Su. "Fertility preservation and decisional regret in young breast cancer survivors: A longitudinal analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 5_suppl (2017): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.5_suppl.106.

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106 Background: Fertility is important to many young breast cancer survivors (YBCS), who face difficult decisions on whether to undergo fertility preservation prior to treatment. Because few longitudinal data assessing decisional regret are available, the objectives of this study were to assess longitudinal changes in decisional regret on fertility preservation following breast cancer diagnosis; determine if fertility preservation treatment decisions are related to decreased decisional regret. Methods: From 3 academic breast cancer programs, 169 YBCS younger than age 45 were recruited at diagnosis between 2009 and 2012 and followed prospectively for ovarian function. Participants completed questionnaires on fertility preservation choices and the Decisional Regret Scale (DRS) during study visits every 6 months for up to 5 years. DRS is scored 0 (no regret) to 100 (highest regret). DRS was dichotomized as none versus any decisional regret. Generalized linear models estimated the change in DRS over time and the association between patient characteristics and DRS. Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 38.7 (SD 4.8). Median total follow-up was 176 days (IQR 84 to 1415 days). Enrollment DRS was available for 89 women; 48% reported decisional regret about fertility preservation (median DRS=20). Participants worried about future fertility were more likely to report decisional regret (p=0.009). 31% underwent fertility preservation, but this was not associated with decisional regret (p=0.65). In repeated measures analysis for the entire cohort, no significant change in DRS occurred over this time period (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.4-1.7). Worry about future fertility remained significantly associated with DRS over time (OR 55.1, 95% CI 7.7-395.1). Conclusions: In a cohort of YBCS, experiencing decisional regret about fertility preservation persists for years after diagnosis. Those worried about future fertility are more likely to experience decisional regret regarding fertility preservation.

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Neufeld, Richard W. J. "“Locus of Control, Sensation Seeking, and Mathematical Models of Stress and Decisional Control: Comment on De Brabander and Hellemans”." Psychological Reports 81, no. 3_suppl (1997): 1289–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.3f.1289.

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In a recent study, De Brabander and Hellemans (1996) reported that stress (somatic complaints) was inversely related to scores on personality scales of “thrill-and-adventure sensation seeking” and “internal locus of control.” These observations, useful in their own right, are of further value when examined in the light of mathematical models of stress and decisional control. It is suggested that diminished stress associated with higher scores on these scales may result from increased engagement and reduced aversiveness of cognitive demands mediating reduction of threat under conditions of decisional control.

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Marcus, Bess H., Bernardine M. Pinto, Laurey R. Simkin, Janet E. Audrain, and Elaine R. Taylor. "Application of Theoretical Models to Exercise Behavior among Employed Women." American Journal of Health Promotion 9, no. 1 (1994): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-9.1.49.

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Purpose. This study examines the utility of three theoretical models—the stages of change model, self-efficacy theory, and the decisional balance model—in understanding exercise behavior among employed women. Design. Data for this cross-sectional study were collected as part of a routine follow-up of a worksite-based smoking and health risk appraisal study. Setting. The study was conducted in three Rhode Island worksites, including one manufacturing company, one medical center, and one retail outlet. Subjects. Of a sample of 431 women who completed exercise questionnaires, 293 reported participation in a physical activity over the previous week. The average age of the sample was 41.1 years, and mean years of education was 12.8. Measures. Previously validated measures to determine stage of exercise behavior, exercise self-efficacy, exercise decisional balance, and physical activity participation were administered. Additional demographic information was also obtained. Results. Frequency counts revealed that 39% of the population was sedentary, 34% were participating in irregular activity, and 27% were active. MANOVAs followed by one way ANOVAs revealed that women in Precontemplation scored the lowest and those in Maintenance scored the highest on the self-efficacy, pro, and decisional-balance indices, with the trend reversed on the con scale. A chi-square test revealed that women with one or more young children in the home were more likely to be in a lower stage of exercise adoption. Conclusions. Most of the women in this cross-sectional study did not engage in regular activity. Presence of young children in the home was significantly related to decreased activity. The results are limited by the nonrandomized, and cross-sectional nature of the study design. Data suggest that, with multiple roles and responsibilities, women may be better served by stage-matched interventions to increase physical activity.

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Tricou, Colombe, Sriram Yennu, Murielle Ruer, Eduardo Bruera, and Marilène Filbet. "Decisional control preferences of patients with advanced cancer receiving palliative care." Palliative and Supportive Care 16, no. 5 (2017): 544–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951517000803.

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ABSTRACTObjective:Understanding patients' decisional control preferences (DCPs) is important to improving the quality of care and the satisfaction of patients who have advanced cancer with their care. In addition to passive decisional control (i.e., the patient prefers his/her doctor or family caregiver to make a decision on their behalf) and active decisional control (i.e., the patient decides alone), shared decisional control, where patients and caregivers decide together, could be more appropriate. The primary aim of our study was to describe the decision-making process and the DCPs of patients with advanced cancer receiving palliative care in France.Method:We conducted a prospective survey with advanced cancer patients referred to a palliative care team in an outpatient setting. We collected information about patients' demographic and clinical characteristics using the Decision Control Preference Scale, the Satisfaction with the Decisions and Care questionnaire, and the Understanding of Illness questionnaire.Results:A total of 200 patients were evaluable. The median age was 63.5 years and 53.5% female. The cancers most commonly represented were gastrointestinal and breast. A total of 72 patients (36.2%) preferred active decisional control, 52 (26.1%) preferred shared decisional control, and 75 (37.7%) preferred passive decisional control. Younger age (p = 0.003), higher education (p < 0.001), and employment status (p = 0.046) were found to be associated with active or shared DCPs. Some 82% of patients were satisfied with the decision-making process, 35% of whom expressed wishes that did not match the actual decision-making process. Only 23% of patients thought they could be cured of their illness, and 47% thought that their treatment would “get rid of ” their disease.Significance of Results:The decision-making processes are shared in the three models of DCPs in our cohort of French patients with advanced cancer. Further prospective studies are needed.

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Grangel, Reyes, Michel Bigand, and Jean-Pierre Bourey. "Transformation of decisional models into UML: application to GRAI grids." International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing 23, no. 7 (2010): 655–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09511921003767563.

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Anguzu, R., R. Cusatis, N. Fergestrom, et al. "Decisional conflict among couples seeking specialty treatment for infertility in the USA: a longitudinal exploratory study." Human Reproduction 35, no. 3 (2020): 573–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dez292.

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Abstract STUDY QUESTION What are couples’ decisional conflicts around family-building approaches before and after seeking a specialty consultation for infertility? SUMMARY ANSWER Decisional conflict is high among couples before an initial specialty consultation for infertility; on average, women resolved decisional conflict more quickly than men. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Couples have multiple options for addressing infertility, and decisional conflict may arise due to lack of information, uncertainty about options and potential risks or challenges to personal values. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We conducted a total of 385 interviews and 405 surveys for this longitudinal, mixed-methods cohort study of 34 opposite-sex couples who sought a new reproductive specialty consultation (n = 68), who enrolled before the initial consultation and were followed over 12 months. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The in-depth, semi-structured interviews included questions about information gathering, deliberation and decision-making, and self-administered surveys included the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS), at six time points over 12 months. A DCS total score of 25 is associated with implementing a decision, and higher scores indicate more decisional conflict. A systematic content analysis of interview transcripts identified major themes. Paired t tests identified differences in DCS between women and men within couples. Linear mixed models predicted changes in DCS over time, adjusting for sociodemographic and fertility-related factors. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The major qualitative themes were communication with partners, feeling supported and/or pressured in decision (s), changing decisions over time and ability to execute a desired decision. Average DCS scores were highest before the initial consultation. Within couples, men had significantly higher decisional conflict than women pre-consultation (48.9 versus 40.2, P = 0.037) and at 2 months (28.9 versus 22.1, P = 0.015), but differences at other time points were not significant. In adjusted models, predicted DCS scores declined over time, with women, on average, reaching the DCS threshold for implementing a decision at 2 months while for men it was not until 4 months. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This is a convenience sample from a single center, and generalizability may be limited. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Understanding how couples discuss and make decisions regarding family-building could improve the delivery of patient-centered infertility care. Our findings are the first to prospectively explore decisional conflict at multiple time points in both men and women; the observed gender differences underlie the importance of supporting both partners in clinical decision-making for infertility. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development under Grant [R21HD071332], the Research and Education Program Fund, of the Advancing a Healthier Wisconsin endowment at Medical College of Wisconsin, the National Research Service Award under Grant [T32 HP10030] and the use of REDCap for data collection from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health under Grant through [8UL1TR000055]. The authors have no competing interests.

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Witteman, Holly O., Anne-Sophie Julien, Ruth Ndjaboue, et al. "What Helps People Make Values-Congruent Medical Decisions? Eleven Strategies Tested across 6 Studies." Medical Decision Making 40, no. 3 (2020): 266–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x20904955.

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Background. High-quality health decisions are often defined as those that are both evidence informed and values congruent. A values-congruent decision aligns with what matters to those most affected by the decision. Values clarification methods are intended to support values-congruent decisions, but their effects on values congruence are rarely evaluated. Methods. We tested 11 strategies, including the 3 most commonly used values clarification methods, across 6 between-subjects online randomized experiments in demographically diverse US populations ( n1 = 1346, n2 = 456, n3 = 840, n4 = 1178, n5 = 841, n6 = 2033) in the same hypothetical decision. Our primary outcome was values congruence. Decisional conflict was a secondary outcome in studies 3 to 6. Results. Two commonly used values clarification methods (pros and cons, rating scales) reduced decisional conflict but did not encourage values-congruent decisions. Strategies using mathematical models to show participants which option aligned with what mattered to them encouraged values-congruent decisions and reduced decisional conflict when assessed. Limitations. A hypothetical decision was necessary for ethical reasons, as we believed some strategies may harm decision quality. Later studies used more outcomes and covariates. Results may not generalize outside US-based adults with online access. We assumed validity and stability of values during the brief experiments. Conclusions. Failing to explicitly support the process of aligning options with values leads to increased proportions of values-incongruent decisions. Methods representing more than half of values clarification methods commonly in use failed to encourage values-congruent decisions. Methods that use models to explicitly show people how options align with their values offer more promise for helping people make decisions aligned with what matters to them. Decisional conflict, while arguably an important outcome in and of itself, is not an appropriate proxy for values congruence.

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Plesca, Cezar, Vincent Charvillat, and Romulus Grigoras. "Adapting Content Delivery to Limited Resources and Inferred User Interest." International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting 2008 (2008): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/171385.

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This paper discusses adaptation policies for information systems that are subject to dynamic and stochastic contexts such as mobile access to multimedia web sites. In our approach, adaptation agents apply sequential decisional policies under uncertainty. We focus on the modeling of such decisional processes depending on whether the context is fully or partially observable. Our case study is a movie browsing service in a mobile environment that we model by using Markov decision processes (MDPs) and partially observable MDP (POMDP). We derive adaptation policies for this service, that take into account the limited resources such as the network bandwidth. We further refine these policies according to the partially observable users' interest level estimated from implicit feedback. Our theoretical models are validated through numerous simulations.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Decisional models"

Blackwood, Hayley L. "Miranda Reasoning and Competent Waiver Decisions: Are Models of Legal Decision Making Applicable?" Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc271782/.

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Miranda understanding, appreciation, and reasoning abilities are essential to courts' determinations of knowing and intelligent Miranda rights waivers. Despite the remarkable development of Miranda research in recent decades, studies have generally focused on understanding and appreciation of Miranda rights, but have not examined Miranda reasoning and waiver decisions. Therefore, examining the nature of defendants' decisional capacities constitutes a critical step in further developing theoretical and clinical models for competent Miranda waiver decisions. The current study evaluated Miranda waiver decisions for 80 pretrial defendants from two Tulsa-area Oklahoma jails. Previously untested, the current study examined systematically how rational decision abilities affect defendants' personal waiver decisions. Components from general models of legal decision making, such as decisional competence and judgment models, were examined to determine their applicability to Miranda waiver decisions.

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CORTI, RAMONA. "Modelli decisionali per l'ingresso sui mercati internazionali." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/137534.

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The paper analyzes the enterprises decision-making models to approach International markets with special attention to operational practices developed by companies in the Milan hinterland territory. The analysis is preceded by a brief historical overview designed to outline the stages of the passage from the first decision-making models, which derived the expansion choices in international markets from the economic theory of organization, through decision-making related to the doctrine concerning the allocation of resources Hecksher and Ohlin, until the realization of the fact that these "traditional strategies limits" led to the emerging new "theory of monopolistic advantages and market imperfections", later superseded by the "theory of the product life cycle." It continues with the examination of the so-called Born Global and its success factors by focusing on innovative strategy to internationalize without following a predetermined path and outlined sequence, but with the networking created with other competitors, which allows the implementation of a shared control strategies with its network partners. The second part of the paper illustrates the results of the research performed in the territory and referred to the analysis of how the theories described in the previous chapters have been operationally deployed in the Italian reality. In particular the research focuses the attention on the analysis of internationalization models adopted by some companies in northern Italy. The paper shows the results of interviews conducted with representatives of Italian companies related to the way they defined the entry strategies, the selection of foreign markets and general management of the internationalization process

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Agarwal, Deepti Medhi Deepankar. "Roaming decisions presentation models for smart devices in a decision support system /." Diss., UMK access, 2005.

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Thesis (M.S.)--School of Computing and Engineering. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2005.<br>"A thesis in computer science." Typescript. Advisor: Deep Medhi. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed May 30, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-93). Online version of the print edition.

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Roelofse, Emmalinde. "M3 strategic decision-making under uncertainty : modes, models, & momentum." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3909.

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The M3 theory contributes to new knowledge through original research and advanced scholarship by introducing a descriptive framework for strategic decision-making in uncertain and changing environments. Aided by the introduction of a Social Realism epistemology into management literature it is differentiated its ability to present complex strategic positions as essentialist (via modes), relative (via models), and dynamic (via momentum) to plot the dynamic trajectory of innovation emergence, change, adaptation and transformation over time. At a fundamental level, the M3 theory identifies a consistent set of rules that decision-makers intentionally or unintentionally engage with or ignore to take strategic positions based on four integrated yet polarized pairs of modes: systematic (+S) vs. responsive (+R) strategies, and conforming (+C), vs. differentiating (+D) strategies. Systematic strategies (+S) is the mode dedicated to increasingly sophisticated rational cognitive processes; these processes plan, purposefully compartmentalize, and regulate emotions. Responsive strategies (+R) conversely, is the mode dedicated to increasingly sensitized intuitive processes; these processes are reflective, associative, action-orientated and emotionally expressive. The second pair of modes intersects with the two aforementioned modes with conforming strategies (+C) moving towards convergence by adapting or conveying socially perceived superior norms; these processes include the exploitation of existing power. In contrast, differentiating strategies (+D) represents the mode dedicated to diverging from traditional norms with empowerment for exploration. These processes include novelty-seeking, sabotage, risk-taking, experimentation, play, flexibility, discovery, and higher levels of innovation. Finally, the dynamic (momentum) component informs how strategic modes and models under uncertainty improve and adjust in sophistication under the pressure and demands of the four drives (+L). The M3 theory is informed by three distinct but interrelated and simultaneous empirical streams of data: (i) field data from five ethnographic case studies, with research participant feedback loops; (ii) the mapping of 200+ peer reviewed decision-making models; and (iii) prototyping the principles in the construction of the emergent M3 theory.

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Jones, Daphne Jane. "Understanding decision-making relating to out-of-authority placements for pupils with autistic spectrum conditions." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/understanding-decisionmaking-relating-to-outofauthority-placements-for-pupils-with-autistic-spectrum-conditions(69de7471-7dd7-4afd-a69c-9b18ece382d0).html.

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This study is concerned with understanding decision-making in relation to out-of-authority educational placements for pupils with an Autistic Spectrum Condition (ASC) in one Local Authority (LA). The aims of this research were twofold. The first was to explore what factors have the greatest impact on the decision to educate pupils with an ASC outside the local authority. The second was to explore the perceptions of key informants about the process for deciding those placements. The study involved examining 24 pupil cases where out-of-authority ASC placements had been agreed and interviews with case-informants contributing to those placement decisions in order to analyse their beliefs and understandings about the processes of decision-making. The literature review highlights the limited research with regard to decision-making about pupils with Special Educational Needs (SEN) and draws examples from medical decision-making frameworks. Data analysis showed that two factors, complexity and range of pupil need and lack of LA provision to match the needs identified had the greatest influence on the decision to educate pupils outside the local authority. The response of the LA’s own schools, professionals and parents to those presenting needs as well as the consequent impact on the child/young person and others were recognised secondary factors. Case-informants offered a strong impression that for the majority of these pupils successful inclusion in their own LA would require increased and more integrated services in order to meet their identified needs. Data from the qualitative interviews provides a sense of the range of informants’ experiences relating to decision-making processes and the factors determining those perceptions. These related to whether the processes had been experienced as planned, were evidenced-based, child-focused and involved effective working with parents and other agencies. The findings, in part, reflect government concerns about the current statutory SEN framework and the case for change as made in the recent Green Paper (DfE, 2011). At a local level informants identified the need for a more explicit model of decision-making, ethically grounded with an emphasis for decision-making to be based on the holistic needs of the child and viewed that this would be better facilitated by having improved joint-working between services and stronger partnership engagement between the LA and parents/carers. Clinical professional-patient shared decision-making is discussed as a potential model which might be usefully applied to better understand and develop current SEN decision making.

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Elaydi, Raed Saber. "The development and testing of a nonconsequentialist decision-making model." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2443.

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New conceptual work in the judgment and decision-making research arena has suggested a nonconsequentialist perspective to decision-making. From this perspective, an emphasis is placed on emotions during the decision-making process, specifically positing that concurrent emotions may lead to decisions that are nonconsequentialist in nature. In the current study I develop the Nonconsequentialist Decision-Making Model (NDMM) and include indecisiveness as a vital construct in the model. In tune with much new research on emotions during the decision-making process, I examine how being indecisive is a product of negative concurrent emotions, and how indecisiveness affects the decision-making process. Using a natural decision-making setting, the current study had participants discuss the "biggest" decision they are currently facing in their lives. Data was collected regarding indecisiveness, nonconsequentialist dysfunctional decisional coping behavior, and decision difficulty. The findings show strong support for the NDMM and the nonconsequentialist perspective. Furthermore, the indecisiveness construct was measured successfully and showed to be a critical part of the decision-making process when dealing with difficult decisions.

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Lundgren, Rebecka. "A Repeatable Multi-Criteria Decision Model for Social Housing Asset Intervention Decisions." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för datavetenskap och samhällsbyggnad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-29769.

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This report describes a case study where a multi criteria decision model is used to make decisions regarding asset interventions for four social housing complexes, similar in terms of issues and possible interventions, at Christchurch City Council. The value judgements from the decision makers and their advisors that were necessary for creating the decision model were elicited through three workshops; selecting aspects, weighting and rating and lastly reviewing the output. An analysis performed shows that the decision model is logically consistent and does not suffer from the rank reversal phenomenon. The validation of the model also included creating four individual decision models, one for each social housing complex, comparing the results of applying the joint model and the individual models, and revisiting and reconsidering the value judgments made in the different models when discrepancies were found. This included utility difference analysis and asking trade-off questions to the decision makers. Part of the validation was also to get acceptance of the output of the joint model from the social housing team. Applying the decision model on the four social housing complexes and receiving an output which is accepted by the social housing team suggests that the aggregated model can be used for future decision problems of the same kind, provided that they are within the set level ranges of the aspects. Since the decision model is transparent in terms of which values or priorities have been applied and which prerequisites must be met in order to apply the model to future decisions, it is possible to use the decision model as a ‘live model’ with adjustment being made to it when required.

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Kim, Seong W. "Bayesian model selection using intrinsic priors for commonly used models in reliability and survival analysis /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841159.

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Burnett, Sulene. "A simplified numerical decision making toolbox for physical asset management decisions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85626.

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Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The management of physical assets has become a popular eld of study over recent years and is being acknowledged in multiple disciplines world wide. In this project, research on Physical Asset Management (PAM), maintenance and decision making are presented. PAM is a complex subject and requires the participation of multiple disciplines in order to successfully manage physical assets. Moreover, the management of maintenance makes a big contribution in achieving successful PAM. Decision making is a core element to manage maintenance e ciently, both on strategic and operational level. Various methods and techniques can be used to aid the decision making process such as, using past experience, xed decision making techniques and techniques involving numerical calculations, to mention only a few. However, using numerical calculations to make decisions are not very popular. This is due to various reasons, for example the inherent complexity of the mathematics and the time required to execute such calculations are disliked. People tend to avoid complex numerical calculations and rather rely on past experience and discussion of circulating opinions to make decisions. This is not ideal and can lead to inconsistent and inaccurate decisions. In this project, the importance of numerical decision making is researched, especially in maintenance related decisions. The focus is placed on the simpli cation of numerical decision making techniques with the aim to make it easy and quick to use to support operational PAM decisions. Di erent decisions regarding PAM, especially decisions with regards to managing maintenance in order to achieve PAM, are discussed by means of a literature study. This is done to clarify the applicability of using numerical decision making techniques to support this type of decisions. A few di erent available numerical techniques are highlighted that can be used to support the decision making process. The decisions together with numerical decision making techniques are evaluated in order to combine the most appropriate techniques in a simpli ed manner. The purpose of this is that it can be used by anyone with the necessary knowledge of a speci c system or operation. As a result a simpli ed numerical decision making toolbox is developed that can support maintenance related decision. This toolbox is applied to a real life situation by means of a case study, made possible by Anglo American Platinum Limited (Amplats). An evaluation and validation of the toolbox is done through the case study to conclude wether it has value in practice or not.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die bestuur van siese bates het die afgelope paar jaar 'n gewilde studieveld geword en word erken in verskeie dissiplines reg oor die w^ereld. In hierdie projek word navorsing gedoen oor Fisiese Bate Bestuur (FBB), instandhouding en besluitneming. FBB is 'n komplekse onderwerp en vereis die deelname van verskeie dissiplines om sukses te behaal. Die bestuur van instandhouding maak 'n groot bydrae tot suksesvolle FBB. 'n Kern element van doeltre ende instandhouding is besluitneming, beide op strategiese en operasionele vlak. Verskillende metodes en tegnieke kan gebruik word om die besluitnemingsproses te ondersteun soos byvoorbeeld om gebruik te maak van ondervinding en vorige gebeurtenisse, vaste besluitnemingstegnieke, tegnieke wat numeriese berekeninge gebruik en nog meer. Die gebruik van numeriese metodes om besluite te neem is nie baie gewild nie. Dit is as gevolg van verskeie redes soos byvoorbeeld die inherente kompleksiteit en ingewikkeldheid van die wiskunde en ook die tyd wat benodig word om sulke berekeninge uit te voer. Mense is geneig om ingewikkelde numeriese berekeninge te vermy en eerder staat te maak op vorige ervaring en die bespreking van menings om besluite te neem. Dit is nie ideaal nie en kan lei tot onkonsekwente besluite, of selfs verkeerde besluite. In hierdie projek is die belangrikheid van numeriese besluitneming nagevors, veral in die onderhoudsverwante besluite. Die fokus word geplaas op die vereenvoudiging van die numeriese besluitnemings tegnieke. Die doel is om dit op so 'n manier te vereenvoudig dat dit maklik en vinnig is om te gebruik vir operasionele FBB besluite. Verskillende besluite oor FBB, veral besluite met betrekking tot instandhouding om suksesvolle FBB te bereik, word bespreek deur middel van 'n literatuurstudie. Die literatuurstudie ondersoek die toepaslikheid van die gebruik van numeriese besluitnemingstegnieke vir hierdie soort besluite. 'n Paar verskillende beskikbare numeriese tegnieke wat gebruik kan word om die besluitnemingsproses te ondersteun word uitgelig. Die besluite, saam met numeriese besluitnemingtegnieke, word ge evalueer om die mees gepaste tegnieke te kombineer in 'n vereenvoudigde manier. Uiteindelik moet dit deur enige iemand met die nodige kennis van 'n spesi eke stelsel of proses gebruik kan word. As resultaat is 'n vereenvoudigde numeriese besluitnemingstegniekkombinasie ontwikkel wat besluite verwant aan instandhouding kan ondersteun. Hierdie tegniek-kombinasie word toegepas in 'n werklike situasie deur middel van 'n gevallestudie, wat moontlik gemaak is deur Anglo American Platinum Limited. 'n Evaluering en validering van die tegniek-kombinasie word gedoen in die gevallestudie om te bepaal of dit wel waarde het in die praktyk of nie.

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Sumida, Brian Hiroshi. "Models of decision making." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329967.

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Livres sur le sujet "Decisional models"

Samson, Danny. Decision analysis models of futures options purchase decisions. University of Melbourne. Graduate School of Management, 1990.

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Bucciarelli, Edgardo, Shu-Heng Chen, and Juan Manuel Corchado, eds. Decision Economics. Designs, Models, and Techniques for Boundedly Rational Decisions. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99698-1.

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Gruber, Josef, ed. Econometric Decision Models. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51675-7.

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Olson, David Louis. Decision support models. Kendall/Hunt, 1988.

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1952-, Ben-Haim Yakov, ed. Info-gap decision theory: Decisions under severe uncertainty. 2nd ed. Academic, 2006.

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Bouyssou, Denis, Thierry Marchant, Marc Pirlot, Patrice Perny, Alexis Tsoukiàs, and Philippe Vincke. Evaluation and Decision Models. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1593-7.

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Kumar, G. Surya. Decision making & math models. Consortium for Mathematics and Its Applications, 1989.

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Leeflang, Peter S. H., Dick R. Wittink, Michel Wedel, and Philippe A. Naert. Building Models for Marketing Decisions. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4050-2.

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Kuik, Roelof. Batching decisions: Structure and models. INSEAD, 1993.

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Myerson, Roger B. Probability models for economic decisions. Thomson/Brooke/Cole, 2005.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Decisional models"

Mu, Enrique, and Milagros Pereyra-Rojas. "Understanding Ratings Models." In Practical Decision Making using Super Decisions v3. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68369-0_5.

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Mu, Enrique, and Milagros Pereyra-Rojas. "Ratings Models Using Super Decisions v3." In Practical Decision Making using Super Decisions v3. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68369-0_6.

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Mu, Enrique, and Milagros Pereyra-Rojas. "Building AHP Models Using Super Decisions v3." In Practical Decision Making using Super Decisions v3. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68369-0_3.

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Mu, Enrique, and Milagros Pereyra-Rojas. "AHP Models with Sub-criteria Using v3." In Practical Decision Making using Super Decisions v3. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68369-0_4.

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Srinivasan, R. "Network Models." In Strategic Business Decisions. Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1901-9_5.

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Zabarankin, Michael, and Stan Uryasev. "Regression Models." In Statistical Decision Problems. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8471-4_6.

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Sucar, Luis Enrique. "Decision Graphs." In Probabilistic Graphical Models. Springer London, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6699-3_10.

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Sucar, Luis Enrique. "Decision Graphs." In Probabilistic Graphical Models. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61943-5_10.

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Sengupta, Raghu. "Other Decision-Making Models." In Decision Sciences. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315183176-6.

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Starr, Leon, Andrew Mangogna, and Stephen Mellor. "Making Translation Decisions." In Models to Code. Apress, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2217-1_3.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Decisional models"

Seguer,, Grangel. "UML Profiles for Transforming GRAI Decisional Models into UML Use Cases." In Information Control Problems in Manufacturing, edited by Bakhtadze, Natalia, chair Dolgui, Alexandre and Bakhtadze, Natalia. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20090603-3-ru-2001.00148.

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Silvestro, Claudio, Jonathan Michaels, Spiridoula Dimou, Evanthia E. Tripoliti, and Euripides G. M. Petrakis. "Application of decisional models to the health-economic assessment of new interactive clinical software." In 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibe.2013.6701638.

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Antonescu, Daniela. "Trends of Convergence at Regional Level in European Union (EU-28)." In International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/35.

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The objective regarding cohesion is achieved by means of a convergence process that assumes diminishing territorial inequalities between regions and territories. The cohesion process is not limited to the relatively poor regions, but aims also to more developed regions with the purpose of observing also the secondary effects for the entire EU (EC Report, 2013). Identifying the convergence or divergence trends is one of the intensely argued topics by both the academic and the political-decisional environment. The theoretical point of view approach regarding convergence was accompanied by models meant to mitigate the requirements of assessing over given periods the evolution of territorial inequalities (between countries or regions). Identifying a process of convergence or divergence at regional level is a widely debated issue both in the academic and political-decision making environment. Thus, in the context of favourable economic development, convergence assumes a process of closing the gap between the living standards between the poorer and richer areas beginning with the premise that the first have a swifter development as the latter. Considering this aspect, the present article analyses the trends of convergence/divergence at regional level in the context of the European Union with the help of GDP per capita and variation coefficients.

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Justeau-Allaire, Dimitri, Philippe Vismara, Philippe Birnbaum, and Xavier Lorca. "Systematic Conservation Planning for Sustainable Land-use Policies: A Constrained Partitioning Approach to Reserve Selection and Design." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/818.

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Faced with natural habitat degradation, fragmentation, and destruction, it is a major challenge for environmental managers to implement sustainable land use policies promoting socioeconomic development and natural habitat conservation in a balanced way. Relying on artificial intelligence and operational research, reserve selection and design models can be of assistance. This paper introduces a partitioning approach based on Constraint Programming (CP) for the reserve selection and design problem, dealing with both coverage and complex spatial constraints. Moreover, it introduces the first CP formulation of the buffer zone constraint, which can be reused to compose more complex spatial constraints. This approach has been evaluated in a real-world dataset addressing the problem of forest fragmentation in New Caledonia, a biodiversity hotspot where managers are gaining interest in integrating these methods into their decisional processes. Through several scenarios, it showed expressiveness, flexibility, and ability to quickly find solutions to complex questions.

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Kulkarni, Vinay, Souvik Barat, Tony Clark, and Balbir Barn. "Toward overcoming accidental complexity in organisational decision-making." In 2015 ACM/IEEE 18th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/models.2015.7338268.

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Baby, Mathew, and Anand Balu Nellippallil. "An Information-Decision Framework to Support Cooperative Decision Making in the Top-Down Design of Cyber-Physical-Manufacturing Systems." In ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-90836.

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Abstract Decision-making in the design of cyber-physical manufacturing (CPM) systems is complex due to many decisional entities and their complex interactions that need to be appropriately modeled and analyzed. One approach to designing these systems is the goal-oriented inverse design (GoID), using which satisficing design solutions are sought in a top-down manner. In this approach, entity decisions are directed towards meeting the goals propagated inversely from the subsequent entity in the manufacturing sequence. However, achieving the goals in a top-down manner may not be feasible for certain scenarios due to the defined constraints, available bounds, and targets for an entity. This leads to design conflicts between the entities and loss in entity and overall system-level performances. In this paper, we propose an information-decision framework that allows designers to model entity decision-making in a goal-directed manner, detect potential conflicts between entities, and regulate entity-level decisions to achieve improved entity and system-level performances. The regulation of entity decisions is accomplished by modifying active design variable bounds (considering the sensitivity of the goals to design variables), active constraint limits, or both jointly. The efficacy of the proposed framework is tested using a hot rod rolling problem involving sequential decisions. Using the problem, we showcase the use of the framework in detecting and systematically managing conflicts while designing the material, product, and manufacturing processes involved. The framework is generic, facilitates the top-down sequential design of interacting entities, and promotes cooperative design decision-making to manage design conflicts.

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Ling, Jay, and Christiaan J. J. Paredis. "An Information Economic Approach for Model Selection In Engineering Design." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14535.

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An important element of successful engineering design is the effective management of resources to support design decisions. Design decisions can be thought of as having two phases—a formulation phase and a solution phase. As part of the formulation phase, engineers must decide which models to use in support of design decisions. Although more accurate models typically lead to better decisions, they also cost more. The question therefore is: Which model provides the best cost-benefit trade-off? In this paper, we focus in particular on the situation in which the systematic error in the models can be bounded by an interval. Based on principles of information economics, the interval-based model error results in bounds on the expected economic value of using a particular model in support of a certain design decision. The decision maker can then select the model that provides the best overall value, considering both the expected benefits resulting from the decision and the cost of the decision-making process. The approach is illustrated with the design of an I-beam structure.

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Reynolds, Owen. "Towards Model-Driven Self-Explanation for Autonomous Decision-Making Systems." In 2019 ACM/IEEE 22nd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion (MODELS-C). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/models-c.2019.00095.

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Stone, Thomas M., Seung-Kyum Choi, and Hemanth Amarchinta. "Model Development Under Uncertainty via Conjoint Analysis." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-71318.

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Model development decisions are critical in the early phases of engineering design. Engineering models serve as representations of reality that help designers understand input/output relationships, answer ‘what-if’ questions, and find optimal design solutions. Upon making model development decisions, the designer commits a large percentage of the costs associated with reaching design goals/objectives. The decisions dictate cost-drivers such as experimental setups and computation time. Unfortunately, the desire to develop the most accurate model competes with the desire to reduce costs. The designer is ultimately required to make trade-offs between attributes when choosing the best model development decision. Hence it is critical to develop tools for selecting the model development decision that appropriately balances trade-offs. A framework is proposed for model development decision-making. Conjoint Analysis (CA) is implemented in order to handle trade-offs among attributes. Thus, the framework can be used to make optimal decisions based on the assessment of multiple attributes. Moreover, the framework addresses the uncertainty that exists early in model design. Imprecision in model parameters are estimated and propagated through the model. In particular, the proposed decision framework is employed to select the optimal model development decision with respect to the final phase of experimentation. Preference intervals are evaluated in order to choose which final experimentation to perform. The decision framework proves to be useful for making model development decisions under uncertainty by considering the preference of multiple attributes and the imprecision of said attributes that is prevalent in early model development phases.

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Nycz, Malgorzata, and Barbara Smok. "Intelligent Support for Decision-Making: A Conceptual Model." In 2003 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2677.

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This article presents a model of intelligent decision support using combined system that consists of two parts. The first part is responsible for classification of incoming cases into appropriate decision group, the second one realizes the inferring process in a deductive way. As an exemplary decisional situation we have considered situations when an unemployed persons claim for benefits.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Decisional models"

Grimes, Kathryn E. L., Adam J. Walter, Amanda A. Honeycutt, Cristina Bisson, and Jennifer B. Griffin. Reach Health Assessing Cost-Effectiveness for Family Planning (RACE-FP) Methodology Report: Estimating the Impact of Family Planning Interventions in the Philippines. RTI Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2022.op.0072.2205.

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In the Philippines, demand for family planning (FP) is high, and the government is committed to helping the population achieve universal access to quality FP information and services. Reach Health Assessing Cost-Effectiveness for Family Planning (RACE-FP) is a decision support tool designed to estimate the impact FP interventions have on averting unintended pregnancies and on downstream maternal and neonatal health (MNH) outcomes. This report provides technical details of the RACE-FP model. RACE-FP is organized by objectives: improve postpartum FP, improve public sector and private sector provision of FP, improve demand for FP, reduce contraceptive stockouts, and introduce a modern contraceptive method. Although other models have been developed to estimate the impact of contraceptive use on averting unintended pregnancy at the national level for the Philippines, RACE-FP is the only model to provide estimates at national and regional levels, include intervention and commodity costs, disaggregate outcomes by age group and setting (public, private, community), and estimate the broader impact of modern contraceptive prevalence on MNH outcomes. RACE-FP can be an important resource to determine the relative benefit of FP interventions in the Philippines and could support policy decisions globally.

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Hocking, E., R. Johnson, L. Martino, and D. Elcock. A decisional process model for stewardship. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/776741.

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Miller, Bruce L. Sequential Decision Models in Reliability. Defense Technical Information Center, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada162332.

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Reneke, Paul. Evacuation Decision Model. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7914.

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Lal, Rashmi. A Model of Employment Decision Making: An Analysis of Quit/Stay Decisions of Junior Army Officers. Defense Technical Information Center, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada204414.

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Klein, Gary A., Marvin L. Thordsen, and Roberta Calderwood. Descriptive Models of Military Decision Making. Defense Technical Information Center, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada226884.

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McKay, S., Nate Richards, and Todd Swannack. Ecological model development : evaluation of system quality. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45380.

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Ecological models are used throughout the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) to inform decisions related to ecosystem restoration, water operations, environmental impact assessment, environmental mitigation, and other topics. Ecological models are typically developed in phases of conceptualization, quantification, evaluation, application, and communication. Evaluation is a process for assessing the technical quality, reliability, and ecological basis of a model and includes techniques such as calibration, verification, validation, and review. In this technical note (TN), we describe an approach for evaluating system quality, which generally includes the computational integrity, numerical accuracy, and programming of a model or modeling system. Methods are presented for avoiding computational errors during development, detecting errors through model testing, and updating models based on review and use. A formal structure is proposed for model test plans and subsequently demonstrated for a hypothetical habitat suitability model. Overall, this TN provides ecological modeling practitioners with a rapid guide for evaluating system quality.

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Boudreau, John W., Lee D. Dyer, and Sara L. Rynes. Utility Analysis Models for Personnel Decision Making. Defense Technical Information Center, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada312087.

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Carrillo, Carra, S. McKay, Safra Altman, and Todd Swannack. Ecological model development : Toolkit for interActive Modeling (TAM). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45101.

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Ecological models provide crucial tools for informing many aspects of ecosystem restoration and management, ranging from increasing understanding of complex ecological functions to prioritizing restoration sites and quantifying benefits for project reporting. The diversity of ecosystem types and restoration objectives often precludes the use of existing models; as such, model development is commonly required to inform restoration decision-making. Index-based habitat models are a common approach for assessing ecosystem condition. These models relate habitat quality to species’ distributions. Habitat suitability (quality) typically ranges on a scale from 0 to 1. Habitat models have been developed to assess habitat suitability for specific taxa, communities, or ecosystem functions. Restoration-project timelines often require that these models be developed rapidly and in conjunction with many external stakeholders or partners. Here, the Toolkit for interActive Modeling (TAM) is proposed as a platform for rapidly developing index-based models, particularly for US Army Corps of Engineers’ (USACE) ecosystem-restoration or mitigation planning processes. The TAM is a consistent quantitative framework that allows for development of a generic platform for index-based model development.

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Lasko, Kristofer, and Elena Sava. Semi-automated land cover mapping using an ensemble of support vector machines with moderate resolution imagery integrated into a custom decision support tool. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42402.

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Land cover type is a fundamental remote sensing-derived variable for terrain analysis and environmental mapping applications. The currently available products are produced only for a single season or a specific year. Some of these products have a coarse resolution and quickly become outdated, as land cover type can undergo significant change over a short time period. In order to enable on-demand generation of timely and accurate land cover type products, we developed a sensor-agnostic framework leveraging pre-trained machine learning models. We also generated land cover models for Sentinel-2 (20m) and Landsat 8 imagery (30m) using either a single date of imagery or two dates of imagery for mapping land cover type. The two-date model includes 11 land cover type classes, whereas the single-date model contains 6 classes. The models’ overall accuracies were 84% (Sentinel-2 single date), 82% (Sentinel-2 two date), and 86% (Landsat 8 two date) across the continental United States. The three different models were built into an ArcGIS Pro Python toolbox to enable a semi-automated workflow for end users to generate their own land cover type maps on demand. The toolboxes were built using parallel processing and image-splitting techniques to enable faster computation and for use on less-powerful machines.

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