Bibliographies thématiques / Data-rich environments

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Data-rich environments »

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Publié le 11 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Data-rich environments"

Bharadwaj, Neeraj, et Charles H. Noble. « Innovation in Data-Rich Environments ». Journal of Product Innovation Management 32, n^o 3 (3 mars 2015) : 476–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12266.

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Wedel, Michel, et P. K. Kannan. « Marketing Analytics for Data-Rich Environments ». Journal of Marketing 80, n^o 6 (novembre 2016) : 97–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jm.15.0413.

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Bharadwaj, Neeraj, et Charles Noble. « Finding Innovation in Data Rich Environments ». Journal of Product Innovation Management 34, n^o 5 (2 août 2017) : 560–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12407.

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Bell, Kathleen P., et Timothy J. Dalton. « Spatial Economic Analysis in Data-Rich Environments ». Journal of Agricultural Economics 58, n^o 3 (septembre 2007) : 487–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9552.2007.00123.x.

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Miller, Harvey J., et Jiawei Han. « Discovering geographic knowledge in data rich environments ». ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter 1, n^o 2 (janvier 2000) : 105–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/846183.846208.

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Medeiros, Marcelo C., et Gabriel F. R. Vasconcelos. « Forecasting macroeconomic variables in data-rich environments ». Economics Letters 138 (janvier 2016) : 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2015.11.017.

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Cubadda, Gianluca, et Alain Hecq. « Testing for common autocorrelation in data-rich environments ». Journal of Forecasting 30, n^o 3 (9 juin 2010) : 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/for.1186.

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Dong, John Qi. « Online Information Practices for User Innovation in Data-Rich Environments ». Academy of Management Proceedings 2016, n^o 1 (janvier 2016) : 11729. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2016.11729abstract.

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BERTOLI, GIUSEPPE, SANDRO CASTALDO, PAOLA CILLO, GABRIELE TROILO et GIANMARIO VERONA. « Guest Editorial : Knowledge and trust in data-rich business environments ». Sinergie Italian Journal of Management 40, n^o 1 (30 avril 2022) : 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7433/s117.2022.01.

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Lee, Ickjai, et Vladimir Estivill-Castro. « Fast Cluster Polygonization and its Applications in Data-Rich Environments ». GeoInformatica 10, n^o 4 (décembre 2006) : 399–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10707-006-0340-x.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Data-rich environments"

Drobek, Marc. « Data-driven system dynamics modelling : model formulation and KPI prediction in data-rich environments ». Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.725834.

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System Dynamics (SD) is a key methodology for analysing complex, highly non-linear feedback systems. The SD modelling procedure is traditionally based on domain expert knowledge, manual modelling tasks and a parameter estimation and equation formulation process. These tasks are, however, heavily manual and complex since the required information was not expected to be available from written and numerical data sources. In recent years, we have seen an explosion in monitored and tracked system data that became known as the Big Data paradigm shift. This change has not yet found its way into the SD domain. Within this thesis, a novel data-driven SD modelling methodology for data-rich environments is proposed to address this paradigm shift. The research work carried out in this thesis exptores the potential of utilising massively available data sources for the SD modelling process. Based on these data sources, a modelling methodology (Fexda) is presented that supports the SD modeller in a systematic fashion whilst preserving the key principles of SD modelling. Unlike the traditional SD modelling, Fexda as a data-driven approach is highly sensitive to changes in the given data, which enables a continuous evolution ana optimisation of the computed SD models ana their parameters and equations. These contributions are based on advances in other domains, such as econometric modelling, data mining and machine learning, which are incorporated in a novel way for Fexda. A detailed evaluation of the proposed Fexda methodology is further provided against a business use-case scenario to demonstrate technical feasibility of the approach and to provide comparative results with traditional approaches. The evaluation clearly shows that Fexda can be employed to produce reliable and accurate SD models and provide insightful simulation results. The proposed Fexda methodology is the ground work towards data-driven SD modelling. A range of potential future research directions are proposed to further strengthen Fexda. The thesis concludes by presenting a revised version of the traditional information sources model that caters the reality of the Big Data paradigm shift.

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Nilekar, Shirish K. « A system-oriented analysis of team decision making in data rich environments ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90698.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 78-80).
The information processing view of organizations [1] and subsequent works highlight the primary role of information processing in the effective functioning of markets and organizations. With the current wave of "big data" and related technologies, data-oriented decision making is being widely discussed [2] as a means of using this vast amount of available data for better decisions which can lead to improved business results. The focus of many of these studies is at the organization level. However, decisions are made by teams of individuals and this is a complex socio-technical process. The quality of a decision depends on many factors including technical capabilities for data analysis and human factors like team dynamics, cognitive capabilities of the individuals and the team. In this thesis, we developed a systems theory based framework for decision making and identified four socio technical factors viz., data analytics, data sensing, power distribution, and conflict level which affect the quality of decisions made by teams. We then conducted "thought experiments" to investigate the relative contribution of each of these factors to the quality of decisions. Our experiments and subsequent analyses show that while improved data analytics does result in better decisions, human factors have an out-sized contribution to the quality of decisions, even in data rich environments. Moreover, when the human factors in a team improve, the predictability of the positive impacts due to improvements in technical capabilities of the team also increases.
by Shirish K. Nilekar.
S.M. in Engineering and Management

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Lasky, Alan. « Slipstream, a data rich production environment ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68242.

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Barsoum, Fady [Verfasser]. « Econometric Modelling in a Mixed-Frequency and Data-Rich Environment / Fady Barsoum ». Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112944699/34.

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Ahmadi, Pooyan Amir. « Essays in empirical macroeconomics with application to monetary policy in a data-rich environment ». Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16153.

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Diese Dissertation besteht aus vier eigenständigen Aufsätzen. Das erste Kapitel liefert eine Einleitung uns einen Literaturüberblick. Im zweiten Kapitel schätzen wir die Effekte eines geldpolitischen Schocks in einer Bayesianischen faktorerweiterten Vektorautoregression. Als ein Identifikationsschema schlagen wir theoretisch fundierte Vorzeichenrestriktionen vor, welche auf die angemessenen Impuls-Antwortfolgen auferlegt werden können. Der Vorteil der faktorbasierten Vorzeichenrestriktion liegt in der Möglichkeit sehr viele theoretische fundierte Restriktionen zu setzen um so exakter zu identifizieren. Im dritten Kapitel untersuchen wir die Rolle der Geldpolitik während der Weltwirtschaftskrise in den USA. Die besondere Rolle der Geldpolitik gilt seit Friedman and Schwartz [1963] als gängige Meinung. In diesem Papier versuchen wir die entscheidenden Dynamiken der Zwischenkriegszeit mit dem BFAVAR Modell abzubilden und die Effekte geldpolitischer Schocks zu analysieren. Weiterhin schauen wir uns die Effekte der systematischen Komponente der Geldpolitik an. Wir finden heraus, dass der Anteil der Geldpolitik insgesamt zwar präsent allerdings recht gemäßigt vorhanden. Im vierten Kapitel werden die makroökonomischen Dynamiken innerhalb des Euroraumes untersucht. Hierbei schlage ich einen neuen Ansatz vor um die vielen relevanten Interrelationen effizient und sparsam zu vereinbaren. Ein faktorbasiertes DSGE Modell wird gemeinsam mit einem dynamischen Faktormodell geschätzt. Hierbei wird explizit ökonomische Theorie zur Datenanalyse verwendet. Zur Identifikation makroökonomischer Schocks verwende ich sowohl Vorzeichenrestriktionen wie auch die DSGE Rotation.
This thesis consists of four self-contained chapters. The first chapter provides an introduction with a literature overview. In Chapter 2 we estimate the effects of monetary policy shocks in a Bayesian Factor- Augmented vector autoregression (BFAVAR). We propose to employ as an identification strategy sign restrictions on the impulse response function of pertinent variables according to conventional wisdom. The key strength of our factor based approach is that sign restrictions can be imposed on many variables in order to pin down the impact of monetary policy shocks. Thus an exact identification of shocks can be approximated and monitored. In chapter 3 the role of monetary policy during the interwar Great Depression is analyzed. The prominent role of monetary policy in the U.S. interwar depression has been conventional wisdom since Friedman and Schwartz [1963]. This paper attempts to capture the pertinent dynamics through a BFAVAR methodology of the previous chapter. We find the effects of monetary policy shocks and the systematic component to have been moderate. Our results caution against a predominantly monetary interpretation of the Great Depression. This final chapter 4 analyzes macroeconomic dynamics within the Euro area. To tackle the questions at hand I propose a novel approach to jointly estimate a factor-based DSGE model and a structural dynamic factor model that simultaneously captures the rich interrelations in a parsimonious way and explicitly involves economic theory in the estimation procedure. To identify shocks I employ both sign restrictions derived from the estimated DSGE model and the implied restrictions from the DSGE model rotation. I find a high degree of comovement across the member countries, homogeneity in the monetary transmission mechanism and heterogeneity in transmission of technology shocks. The suggested approach results in a factor generalization of the DSGE-VAR methodology of Del Negro and Schorfheide [2004].

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Neumann, Bradley C. « Is All Open Space Created Equal ? A Hedonic Application within a Data-Rich GIS Environment ». Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2005. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/NeumannBC2005.pdf.

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von, Wenckstern Michael. « Web applications using the Google Web Toolkit ». Master's thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-115009.

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This diploma thesis describes how to create or convert traditional Java programs to desktop-like rich internet applications with the Google Web Toolkit. The Google Web Toolkit is an open source development environment, which translates Java code to browser and device independent HTML and JavaScript. Most of the GWT framework parts, including the Java to JavaScript compiler as well as important security issues of websites will be introduced. The famous Agricola board game will be implemented in the Model-View-Presenter pattern to show that complex user interfaces can be created with the Google Web Toolkit. The Google Web Toolkit framework will be compared with the JavaServer Faces one to find out which toolkit is the right one for the next web project
Diese Diplomarbeit beschreibt die Erzeugung desktopähnlicher Anwendungen mit dem Google Web Toolkit und die Umwandlung klassischer Java-Programme in diese. Das Google Web Toolkit ist eine Open-Source-Entwicklungsumgebung, die Java-Code in browserunabhängiges als auch in geräteübergreifendes HTML und JavaScript übersetzt. Vorgestellt wird der Großteil des GWT Frameworks inklusive des Java zu JavaScript-Compilers sowie wichtige Sicherheitsaspekte von Internetseiten. Um zu zeigen, dass auch komplizierte graphische Oberflächen mit dem Google Web Toolkit erzeugt werden können, wird das bekannte Brettspiel Agricola mittels Model-View-Presenter Designmuster implementiert. Zur Ermittlung der richtigen Technologie für das nächste Webprojekt findet ein Vergleich zwischen dem Google Web Toolkit und JavaServer Faces statt

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Avasarala, Viswanath. « Multi-agent systems for data-rich, information-poor environments ». 2006. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-1506/index.html.

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Amankwah-Amoah, J., et Samuel Adomako. « Big Data Analytics and Business Failures in Data-Rich Environments : An Organizing Framework ». 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/16746.

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Yes
In view of the burgeoning scholarly works on big data and big data analytical capabilities, there remains limited research on how different access to big data and different big data analytic capabilities possessed by firms can generate diverse conditions leading to business failure. To fill this gap in the existing literature, an integrated framework was developed that entailed two approaches to big data as an asset (i.e. threshold resource and distinctive resource) and two types of competences in big data analytics (i.e. threshold competence and distinctive/core competence). The analysis provides insights into how ordinary big data analytic capability and mere possession of big data are more likely to create conditions for business failure. The study extends the existing streams of research by shedding light on decisions and processes in facilitating or hampering firms’ ability to harness big data to mitigate the cause of business failures. The analysis led to the categorization of a number of fruitful avenues for research on data-driven approaches to business failure.

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Amir, Ahmadi Pooyan [Verfasser]. « Essays in empirical macroeconomics with application to monetary policy in a data-rich environment / von Pooyan Amir Ahmadi ». 2009. http://d-nb.info/1008017671/34.

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Livres sur le sujet "Data-rich environments"

Bernanke, Ben. Monetary policy in a data-rich environment. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001.

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Jean, Boivin. DSGE models in a data-rich environment. Cambridge, Mass : National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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Mazzoni, Stefania, et Franca Pecchioli, dir. The Uşaklı ; Höyük Survey Project (2008-2012). Florence : Firenze University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-902-3.

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This book presents the results of the survey conducted by the University of Florence, in the years 2008-2012, at the site and in the surrounding territory of Uşaklı Höyük on the central Anatolian plateau in Turkey. Geological, geomorphological, topographic and geophysical research have provided new information and data relating to the environment and the settlement landscape, as well as producing new maps of the area and indicating the presence of large buried buildings on the site. Analysis of the rich corpus of pottery collected from the surface indicates that the site and its territory were continuously settled from the late Early Bronze Age through the Iron Age and down to the Late Roman and Byzantine periods. A few fragments of cuneiform tablets with Hittite texts, a sealing with two impressions of a stamp seal, and pottery stamps illustrate the importance of Uşaklı Höyük and support the hypothesis of its identification with the town of Zippalanda, known from the Hittite sources as a seat of the cult of the Storm God.

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Verloo, Nanke, et Luca Bertolini, dir. Seeing the City. NL Amsterdam : Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463728942.

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The city is a complex object. Some researchers look at its shape, others at its people, animals, ecology, policy, infrastructures, buildings, history, art, or technical networks. Some researchers analyse processes of in- or exclusion, gentrification, or social mobility; others biological evolution, traffic flows, or spatial development. Many combine these topics or add still more topics beyond this list. Some projects cross the boundaries of research and practice and engage in action research, while others pursue knowledge for the sake of curiosity. This volume embraces this variety of perspectives and provides an essential collection of methodologies for studying the city from multiple, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary perspectives. We start by recognizing that the complexity of the urban environment cannot be understood from a single vantage point. We therefore offer multiple methodologies in order to gather and analyse data about the city, and provide ways to connect and integrate these approaches. The contributors form a talented network of urban scholars and practitioners at the forefront of their fields. They offer hands-on methodological techniques and skills for data collection and analysis. Furthermore, they reveal honest and insightful reflections from behind the scenes. All methodologies are illustrated with examples drawn from the authors own research applying them in the city of Amsterdam. In this way, the volume also offers a rich collection of Amsterdam-based research and outcomes that may inform local urban practitioners and policy makers. Altogether, the volume offers indispensable tools for and aims to educate a new generation of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary-minded urban scholars and practitioners.

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Gupta, Manisha, Deergha Sharma et Himani Gupta. Revolutionizing Business Practices Through Artificial Intelligence and Data-Rich Environments. IGI Global, 2022.

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Gupta, Manisha, Deergha Sharma et Himani Gupta, dir. Revolutionizing Business Practices Through Artificial Intelligence and Data-Rich Environments. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4950-9.

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Gupta, Manisha, Deergha Sharma et Himani Gupta. Revolutionizing Business Practices Through Artificial Intelligence and Data-Rich Environments. IGI Global, 2022.

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Gupta, Manisha, Deergha Sharma et Himani Gupta. Revolutionizing Business Practices Through Artificial Intelligence and Data-Rich Environments. IGI Global, 2022.

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Gupta, Manisha, Deergha Sharma et Himani Gupta. Revolutionizing Business Practices Through Artificial Intelligence and Data-Rich Environments. IGI Global, 2022.

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Gupta, Manisha, Deergha Sharma et Himani Gupta. Revolutionizing Business Practices Through Artificial Intelligence and Data-Rich Environments. IGI Global, 2022.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Data-rich environments"

Romero, David, Ovidiu Noran et Peter Bernus. « Green Virtual Enterprise Breeding Environments Enabling the RESOLVE Framework ». Dans Collaboration in a Data-Rich World, 603–13. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65151-4_53.

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Lee, Ickjai. « Geospatial Clustering in Data-Rich Environments : Features and Issues ». Dans Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 336–42. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11554028_47.

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Lee, Ickjai. « Data Mining Coupled Conceptual Spaces for Intelligent Agents in Data-Rich Environments ». Dans Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 42–48. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11554028_7.

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Gao, Song, Yu Liu, Yuhao Kang et Fan Zhang. « User-Generated Content : A Promising Data Source for Urban Informatics ». Dans Urban Informatics, 503–22. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_28.

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AbstractThis chapter summarizes different types of user-generated content (UGC) in urban informatics and then gives a systematic review of their data sources, methodologies, and applications. Case studies in three genres are interpreted to demonstrate the effectiveness of UGC. First, we use geotagged social media data, a type of single-sourced UGC, to extract citizen demographics, mobility patterns, and place semantics associated with various urban functional regions. Second, we bridge UGC and professional-generated content (PGC), in order to take advantage of both sides. The third application links multi-sourced UGC to uncover urban spatial structures and human dynamics. We suggest that UGC data contain rich information in diverse aspects. In addition, analysis of sentiment from geotagged texts and photos, along with the state-of-the-art artificial intelligence methods, is discussed to help understand the linkage between human emotions and surrounding environments. Drawing on the analyses, we summarize a number of future research areas that call for attention in urban informatics.

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Bernardi, Mauro, Giovanni Bonaccolto, Massimiliano Caporin et Michele Costola. « Volatility Forecasting in a Data Rich Environment ». Dans Macroeconomic Forecasting in the Era of Big Data, 127–60. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31150-6_5.

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Arosio, Laura. « What People Leave Behind Online : Digital Traces and Web-Mediated Documents for Social Research ». Dans Frontiers in Sociology and Social Research, 311–23. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11756-5_20.

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AbstractIndividuals and groups leave evidence of their lives when they are engaged in their activities. In this way, they create a rich amount of material that tells us about their behaviours, opinions and values. This material is not created for research purposes and is different from that solicited by researchers. In recent decades, the spread of new communication technologies has amplified the possibility of creating and disseminating this kind of data outside the research context.In this chapter, what people leave behind (WPLB) online is studied from a strictly methodological point of view. What kind of evidence are researchers dealing with? Is it possible to reconnect it with the traditional methodological framework? We suggest that data left behind by people and groups on the Internet should be divided into three different categories: online found data (digital traces), online retrieved data (web-mediated documents) and online captured data (online behaviours). The phase of contextualization proves essential in understanding the very nature of (online) data.This work leads to rediscovering the potential of classical methodological tools such as simple observation, documentary analysis and trace analysis. These practices provide methodological value to research projects that analyse WPLB in physical and web-mediated environments.

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Utz, Wilfrid, et Robert Woitsch. « A Model-Based Environment for Data Services : Energy-Aware Behavioral Triggering Using ADOxx ». Dans Collaboration in a Data-Rich World, 265–75. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65151-4_25.

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Ballarino, Andrea, Carlo Brondi, Alessandro Brusaferri et Guido Chizzoli. « The CPS and LCA Modelling : An Integrated Approach in the Environmental Sustainability Perspective ». Dans Collaboration in a Data-Rich World, 543–52. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65151-4_48.

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Gilworth, Bob. « Starting Points and Journeys : Careers and Employability in a Data-Rich Environment ». Dans The SAGE Handbook of Graduate Employability, 452–74. 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP : SAGE Publications Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529791082.n27.

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Wipf, Heinz. « Safety Versus Security in Aviation ». Dans The Coupling of Safety and Security, 29–41. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47229-0_4.

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Abstract The two domains safety and security have traditionally been kept separated in aviation. While the first treats risks associated with aviation activities, the latter safeguards civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference. While national and international guidelines exist in addressing the installation of risk management for organizations having hazardous operations in aviation, an appropriate application of established assessment techniques, both quantitative and qualitative are crucial to both domains. For an incorrect hazard identification and the quantification of an adverse outcome may strongly affect both the level of protection and the investments required to reach it. The empirical example and data shown stem from safety risk assessments in HEMS (helicopter emergency medical service) flight operations. These flight operations use advanced instrument flight procedures in obstacle rich environments under low visibility conditions and are therefore a safety concern on the one hand. On the other hand, one analyzes security, whenever HEMS flights are operated in adverse weather conditions, having as a sole navigation source signals from a global navigation satellite constellation. A traditional safety risk assessment (Wipf in Aviation risk and safety management, Springer, p 108, 1) under these circumstances, considers only factors of human performance under technical failure conditions. A security analysis, however, should treat all forms of jamming, meaconing, and spoofing of the satellite signals and the adverse impact on the performance of the receiver to calculate a valid position. The chapter illustrates to which extent commonalities reign in both domains and where practices go separate ways.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Data-rich environments"

Karafili, Erisa, Emil C. Lupu, Alan Cullen, Bill Williams, Saritha Arunkumar et Seraphin Calo. « Improving data sharing in data rich environments ». Dans 2017 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.2017.8258270.

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Breitkreutz, David, et Ickjai Lee. « Voronoi representation for areal data processing in data-rich environments ». Dans 2009 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isi.2009.5137291.

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Hong, Shenda, Cao Xiao, Trong Nghia Hoang, Tengfei Ma, Hongyan Li et Jimeng Sun. « RDPD : Rich Data Helps Poor Data via Imitation ». Dans Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California : International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/817.

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In many situations, we need to build and deploy separate models in related environments with different data qualities. For example, an environment with strong observation equipments (e.g., intensive care units) often provides high-quality multi-modal data, which are acquired from multiple sensory devices and have rich-feature representations. On the other hand, an environment with poor observation equipment (e.g., at home) only provides low-quality, uni-modal data with poor-feature representations. To deploy a competitive model in a poor-data environment without requiring direct access to multi-modal data acquired from a rich-data environment, this paper develops and presents a knowledge distillation (KD) method (RDPD) to enhance a predictive model trained on poor data using knowledge distilled from a high-complexity model trained on rich, private data. We evaluated RDPD on three real-world datasets and shown that its distilled model consistently outperformed all baselines across all datasets, especially achieving the greatest performance improvement over a model trained only on low-quality data by 24.56% on PR-AUC and 12.21% on ROC-AUC, and over that of a state-of-the-art KD model by 5.91% on PR-AUC and 4.44% on ROC-AUC.

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DeLuca, V. William, Aaron Clark, Jeremy Ernst et Nasim Lari. « Work in progress : Data-rich learning environments for engineering education ». Dans 2011 Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fie.2011.6142698.

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de Sousa, Bruno, et Dulce Gomes. « Facing the challenges from different realities : e-learning approaches for Africa and Europe ». Dans Teaching Statistics in a Data Rich World. International Association for Statistical Education, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.17603.

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Given that the UN’s Millennium Development Goals focus on primary education, Guy Pfefferman has observed how higher education was omitted within the African context. He also found that skills development for employment requires a radical change, advocating for eLearning as the only way to accomplish this in a meaningful and relevant way. In Africa we have the fastest growing population in the world with 40% under the age of 15 yet with one of the lowest higher education enrollments in the world, whereas in Europe we note an ageing corps of teachers, who despite being identified as having more experience, tend to suffer from technophobia. How to face the challenge of profiting from this experience and improve teaching practices when no more than 14% of the African population has access to internet? Simple ideas from a pilot study will be presented in order to overcome problems that may arise in less than perfect environments.

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De Giusti, Giovanna. « Using digital tools to engage Kenyan development students with data ». Dans Teaching Statistics in a Data Rich World. International Association for Statistical Education, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.17602.

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This paper describes the use of innovative tools for teaching research methods to undergraduate students in Development Studies and Political Sciences in Kenya. These tools included open educational resources such as those available in Computer-Assisted Statistics Textbooks and Statistics Made Simple. Such resources, rooted in practical examples and real-life scenarios, enabled students understanding theoretical concepts through their application. Open Data Kit, an open- source suite of tools that enables the design of surveys, data collection through mobile devices and data submission to an online server, was used to provide the students with practical experience. These tools can be used to transform teaching and provide graduates with the practical skills required in the field of development. Moreover, they can be successfully deployed in resource-poor environments like Kenya, where relatively few students have access to laptops or computers and the internet connectivity is relatively low, but most have access to mobile devices.

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Lee, Wei Ching. « Understanding Adult Learning Participation and Problem Solving in Technology-Rich Environments Through International Survey Data ». Dans 2020 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC : AERA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1576975.

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Bruce, Mary. « The Use of Random Data in Online Discussion Boards to Promote Student Understanding of Sampling Distributions ». Dans IASE 2021 Satellite Conference : Statistics Education in the Era of Data Science. International Association for Statistical Education, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/iase.hirmq.

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With the recent pandemic, education systems responded to this challenge with reliance on virtual instruction and distance learning. As a result, instructors were pushed to create learning environments that foster meaningful learning through discussion boards and video conferencing. This paper seeks to illustrate how the use of random data in online discussion boards provides a setting rich in embedded statistical theory that serves as an engaging and fruitful environment for instruction in sampling distributions and hypothesis testing in an introductory statistics course.

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Short, Adam R., Zachary Mimlitz et Douglas L. Van Bossuyt. « Autonomous System Design and Controls Design for Operations in High Risk Environments ». Dans ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60144.

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Autonomous systems operating in dangerous and hard-to-reach environments such as defense systems deployed into enemy territory, petroleum installations running in remote arctic and off-shore environments, or space exploration systems operating on Mars and further out in the solar system often are designed with a wide operating envelope and deployed with control systems that are designed to both protect the system and complete mission objectives, but only when the on-the-ground environment matches the expected and designed for environment. This can lead to overly conservative operating strategies such as preventing a rover on Mars from exploring a scientifically rich area due to potential hazards outside of the original operating envelope and can lead to unanticipated failures such as the loss of underwater autonomous vehicles operating in Earth’s oceans. This paper presents an iterative method that links computer simulation of operations in unknown and dangerous environments with conceptual design of systems and development of control system algorithms. The Global to Local Path Finding Design and Operation Exploration (GLPFDOE) method starts by generating a general mission plan from low resolution environmental information taken from remote sensing data (e.g.: satellites, plane fly-overs, telescope observations, etc.) and then develops a detailed path plan from simulated higher-resolution data collected “in situ” during simulator runs. GLPFDOE attempts to maximize system survivability and scientific or other mission objective yield through iterating on control system algorithms and system design within an in-house-developed physics-based autonomous vehicle and terrain simulator. GLPFDOE is best suited for autonomous systems that cannot have easy human intervention during operations such as in the case of robotic exploration reaching deeper into space where communications delays become unacceptably large and the quality of a priori knowledge of the environment becomes lower fidelity. Additionally, in unknown extraterrestrial environments, a variety of unexpected hazards will be encountered that must to be avoided and areas of scientific interest will be found that must be explored. Existing exploratory platforms such as the Mars Exploratory Rovers (MERs) Curiosity and Opportunity either operate in environments that are sufficiently removed from immediate danger or take actions slowly enough that the signal delay between the system and Earth-based operators is not too great to allow for human intervention in hazardous scenarios. Using the GLPFDOE methodology, an autonomous exploratory system can be developed that may have a higher likelihood of survivability, can accomplish more scientific mission objectives thus increasing scientific yield, and can decrease risk of mission-ending system damage. A case study is presented in which an autonomous Mars Exploration Rover (MER) is generated and then refined in a simulator using the GLPFDOE method. Development of the GLPFDOE methodology allows for the execution of more complex missions by autonomous systems in remote and inaccessible environments.

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Pocquette, Nicholas, Hwasung Yeom, Hemant Agiwal, Frank Pfefferkorn, Kumar Sridharan, Kenneth Ross, John Kessler et Gary Cannel. « Cold Spray Process to Mitigate Potential Stress-Corrosion Cracking in Used Nuclear Fuel Storage Canisters ». Dans ITSC2021, sous la direction de F. Azarmi, X. Chen, J. Cizek, C. Cojocaru, B. Jodoin, H. Koivuluoto, Y. C. Lau et al. ASM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2021p0623.

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Abstract Cold spray deposition is being investigated for mitigation of chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking (CISCC) in dry cask storage systems (DCSS) for spent nuclear fuel. Welded regions of austenitic stainless-steel canisters in DCSS are under tensile stress and susceptible to environmental chloride corrosion, which can potentially lead to the formation of CISCC. The low thermal input and high throughput nature of cold spraying make it a viable repair and mitigation option for managing potential CISCC. Cold spray coatings are under compressive stress and act as a barrier in Cl-rich environments. Characterization data including microstructure, hardness, and corrosion resistance are presented for cold spray coatings on stainless steel substrates.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Data-rich environments"

Boivin, Jean, et Marc Giannoni. DSGE Models in a Data-Rich Environment. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, décembre 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/t0332.

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Bernanke, Ben, et Jean Boivin. Monetary Policy in a Data-Rich Environment. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, juillet 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8379.

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Boivin, Jean, et Marc Giannoni. DSGE Models in a Data-Rich Environment. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, décembre 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12772.

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Neyedley, K., J. J. Hanley, Z. Zajacz et M. Fayek. Accessory mineral thermobarometry, trace element chemistry, and stable O isotope systematics, Mooshla Intrusive Complex (MIC), Doyon-Bousquet-LaRonde mining camp, Abitibi greenstone belt, Québec. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328986.

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The Mooshla Intrusive Complex (MIC) is an Archean polyphase magmatic body located in the Doyon-Bousquet-LaRonde (DBL) mining camp of the Abitibi greenstone belt, Québec, that is spatially associated with numerous gold (Au)-rich VMS, epizonal 'intrusion-related' Au-Cu vein systems, and shear zone-hosted (orogenic?) Au deposits. To elucidate the P-T conditions of crystallization, and oxidation state of the MIC magmas, accessory minerals (zircon, rutile, titanite) have been characterized using a variety of analytical techniques (e.g., trace element thermobarometry). The resulting trace element and oxythermobarometric database for accessory minerals in the MIC represents the first examination of such parameters in an Archean magmatic complex in a world-class mineralized district. Mineral thermobarometry yields P-T constraints on accessory mineral crystallization consistent with the expected conditions of tonalite-trondhjemite-granite (TTG) magma genesis, well above peak metamorphic conditions in the DBL camp. Together with textural observations, and mineral trace element data, the P-T estimates reassert that the studied minerals are of magmatic origin and not a product of metamorphism. Oxygen fugacity constraints indicate that while the magmas are relatively oxidizing (as indicated by the presence of magmatic epidote, titanite, and anhydrite), zircon trace element systematics indicate that the magmas were not as oxidized as arc magmas in younger (post-Archean) porphyry environments. The data presented provides first constraints on the depth and other conditions of melt generation and crystallization of the MIC. The P-T estimates and qualitative fO2 constraints have significant implications for the overall model for formation (crystallization, emplacement) of the MIC and potentially related mineral deposits.

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Downes, Jane, dir. Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Scotland : ScARF Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, septembre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.184.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  Building the Scottish Bronze Age: Narratives should be developed to account for the regional and chronological trends and diversity within Scotland at this time. A chronology Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report iv based upon Scottish as well as external evidence, combining absolute dating (and the statistical modelling thereof) with re-examined typologies based on a variety of sources – material cultural, funerary, settlement, and environmental evidence – is required to construct a robust and up to date framework for advancing research.  Bronze Age people: How society was structured and demographic questions need to be imaginatively addressed including the degree of mobility (both short and long-distance communication), hierarchy, and the nature of the ‘family’ and the ‘individual’. A range of data and methodologies need to be employed in answering these questions, including harnessing experimental archaeology systematically to inform archaeologists of the practicalities of daily life, work and craft practices.  Environmental evidence and climate impact: The opportunity to study the effects of climatic and environmental change on past society is an important feature of this period, as both palaeoenvironmental and archaeological data can be of suitable chronological and spatial resolution to be compared. Palaeoenvironmental work should be more effectively integrated within Bronze Age research, and inter-disciplinary approaches promoted at all stages of research and project design. This should be a two-way process, with environmental science contributing to interpretation of prehistoric societies, and in turn, the value of archaeological data to broader palaeoenvironmental debates emphasised. Through effective collaboration questions such as the nature of settlement and land-use and how people coped with environmental and climate change can be addressed.  Artefacts in Context: The Scottish Chalcolithic and Bronze Age provide good evidence for resource exploitation and the use, manufacture and development of technology, with particularly rich evidence for manufacture. Research into these topics requires the application of innovative approaches in combination. This could include biographical approaches to artefacts or places, ethnographic perspectives, and scientific analysis of artefact composition. In order to achieve this there is a need for data collation, robust and sustainable databases and a review of the categories of data.  Wider Worlds: Research into the Scottish Bronze Age has a considerable amount to offer other European pasts, with a rich archaeological data set that includes intact settlement deposits, burials and metalwork of every stage of development that has been the subject of a long history of study. Research should operate over different scales of analysis, tracing connections and developments from the local and regional, to the international context. In this way, Scottish Bronze Age studies can contribute to broader questions relating both to the Bronze Age and to human society in general.

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Andrabi, Tahir, Natalie Bau, Jishnu Das et Asim I. Khwaja. Heterogeneity in School Value-Added and the Private Premium. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-risewp_2022/116.

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Using rich panel data from Pakistan, we compute test score based measures of quality (School Value-Addeds or SVAs) for more than 800 schools across 112 villages and verify that they are valid and unbiased. With the SVA measures, we then document three striking features of the schooling environment. First, there is substantial within-village variation in quality. The annualized difference in learning between the best and worst performing school in the same village is 0.4 sd; compounded over 5 years of primary schooling, this difference is similar in size to the test score gap between low- and high-income countries. Second, students learn more in private schools (0.15 sd per year on average), but substantial within-sector variation in quality means that the effects of reallocating students from public to private schools can range from -0.35sd to +0.65sd. Thus, there is a range of possible causal estimates of the private premium, a feature of the environment we illustrate using three different identification approaches. Finally, parents appear to recognize and reward SVA in the private sector, but the link between parental demand and SVA is weaker in the public sector. These results have implications for both the measurement of the private premium and how we design and evaluate policies that reallocate children across schools, such as school closures and vouchers.

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Bonfil, David J., Daniel S. Long et Yafit Cohen. Remote Sensing of Crop Physiological Parameters for Improved Nitrogen Management in Semi-Arid Wheat Production Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7696531.bard.

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To reduce financial risk and N losses to the environment, fertilization methods are needed that improve NUE and increase the quality of wheat. In the literature, ample attention is given to grid-based and zone-based soil testing to determine the soil N available early in the growing season. Plus, information is available on in-season N topdressing applications as a means of improving GPC. However, the vast majority of research has focused on wheat that is grown under N limiting conditions in sub-humid regions and irrigated fields. Less attention has been given to wheat in dryland that is water limited. The objectives of this study were to: (1) determine accuracy in determining GPC of HRSW in Israel and SWWW in Oregon using on-combine optical sensors under field conditions; (2) develop a quantitative relationship between image spectral reflectance and effective crop physiological parameters; (3) develop an operational precision N management procedure that combines variable-rate N recommendations at planting as derived from maps of grain yield, GPC, and test weight; and at mid-season as derived from quantitative relationships, remote sensing, and the DSS; and (4) address the economic and technology-transfer aspects of producers’ needs. Results from the research suggest that optical sensing and the DSS can be used for estimating the N status of dryland wheat and deciding whether additional N is needed to improve GPC. Significant findings include: 1. In-line NIR reflectance spectroscopy can be used to rapidly and accurately (SEP <5.0 mg g⁻¹) measure GPC of a grain stream conveyed by an auger. 2. On-combine NIR spectroscopy can be used to accurately estimate (R² < 0.88) grain test weight across fields. 3. Precision N management based on N removal increases GPC, grain yield, and profitability in rainfed wheat. 4. Hyperspectral SI and partial least squares (PLS) models have excellent potential for estimation of biomass, and water and N contents of wheat. 5. A novel heading index can be used to monitor spike emergence of wheat with classification accuracy between 53 and 83%. 6. Index MCARI/MTVI2 promises to improve remote sensing of wheat N status where water- not soil N fertility, is the main driver of plant growth. Important features include: (a) computable from commercial aerospace imagery that include the red edge waveband, (b) sensitive to Chl and resistant to variation in crop biomass, and (c) accommodates variation in soil reflectance. Findings #1 and #2 above enable growers to further implement an efficient, low cost PNM approach using commercially available on-combine optical sensors. Finding #3 suggests that profit opportunities may exist from PNM based on information from on-combine sensing and aerospace remote sensing. Finding #4, with its emphasis on data retrieval and accuracy, enhances the potential usefulness of a DSS as a tool for field crop management. Finding #5 enables land managers to use a DSS to ascertain at mid-season whether a wheat crop should be harvested for grain or forage. Finding #6a expands potential commercial opportunities of MS imagery and thus has special importance to a majority of aerospace imaging firms specializing in the acquisition and utilization of these data. Finding #6b on index MCARI/MVTI2 has great potential to expand use of ground-based sensing and in-season N management to millions of hectares of land in semiarid environments where water- not N, is the main determinant of grain yield. Finding #6c demonstrates that MCARI/MTVI2 may alleviate the requirement of multiple N-rich reference strips to account for soil differences within farm fields. This simplicity will be less demanding of grower resources, promising substantially greater acceptance of sensing technologies for in-season N management.

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Borch, Thomas, Yitzhak Hadar et Tamara Polubesova. Environmental fate of antiepileptic drugs and their metabolites : Biodegradation, complexation, and photodegradation. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597927.bard.

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Many pharmaceutical compounds are active at very low doses, and a portion of them regularly enters municipal sewage systems and wastewater-treatment plants following use, where they often do not fully degrade. Two such compounds, CBZ and LTG, have been detected in wastewater effluents, surface waters, drinking water, and irrigation water, where they pose a risk to the environment and the food supply. These compounds are expected to interact with organic matter in the environment, but little is known about the effect of such interactions on their environmental fate and transport. The original objectives of our research, as defined in the approved proposal, were to: Determine the rates, mechanisms and products of photodegradation of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites in waters exposed to near UV light, and the influence of DOM type and binding processes on photodegradation. Determine the potential and pathways for biodegradation of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites using a white rot fungus (Pleurotusostreatus) and ADP, and reveal the effect of DOM complexation on these processes. Reveal the major mechanisms of binding of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites to DOM and soil in the presence of DOM, and evaluate the effect of this binding on their photodegradation and/or biodegradation. We determined that LTG undergoes relatively slow photodegradation when exposed to UV light, and that pH affects each of LTG’s ability to absorb UV light, the efficiency of the resulting reaction, and the identities of LTG’sphotoproducts (t½ = 230 to 500 h during summer at latitude 40 °N). We observed that LTG’sphotodegradation is enhanced in the presence of DOM, and hypothesized that LTG undergoes direct reactions with DOM components through nucleophilic substitution reactions. In combination, these data suggest that LTG’s fate and transport in surface waters are controlled by environmental conditions that vary with time and location, potentially affecting the environment and irrigation waters. We determined that P. ostreatusgrows faster in a rich liquid medium (glucose peptone) than on a natural lignocellulosic substrate (cotton stalks) under SSF conditions, but that the overall CBZ removal rate was similar in both media. Different and more varied transformation products formed in the solid state culture, and we hypothesized that CBZ degradation would proceed further when P. ostreatusand the ᵉⁿᶻʸᵐᵃᵗⁱᶜ ᵖʳᵒᶠⁱˡᵉ ʷᵉʳᵉ ᵗᵘⁿᵉᵈ ᵗᵒ ˡⁱᵍⁿⁱⁿ ᵈᵉᵍʳᵃᵈᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ. ᵂᵉ ᵒᵇˢᵉʳᵛᵉᵈ ¹⁴C⁻Cᴼ2 ʳᵉˡᵉᵃˢᵉ ʷʰᵉⁿ ¹⁴C⁻ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿʸˡ⁻ labeled CBZ was used as the substrate in the solid state culture (17.4% of the initial radioactivity after 63 days of incubation), but could not conclude that mineralization had occurred. In comparison, we determined that LTG does not degrade in agricultural soils irrigated with treated wastewater, but that P. ostreatusremoves up to 70% of LTG in a glucose peptone medium. We detected various metabolites, including N-oxides and glycosides, but are still working to determine the degradation pathway. In combination, these data suggest that P. ostreatuscould be an innovative and effective tool for CBZ and LTG remediation in the environment and in wastewater used for irrigation. In batch experiments, we determined that the sorption of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites to agricultural soils was governed mainly by SOM levels. In lysimeter experiments, we also observed LTG and CBZ accumulation in top soil layers enriched with organic matter. However, we detected CBZ and one of its metabolites in rain-fed wheat previously irrigated with treated wastewater, suggesting that their sorption was reversible, and indicating the potential for plant uptake and leaching. Finally, we used macroscale analyses (including adsorption/desorption trials and resin-based separations) with molecular- level characterization by FT-ICR MS to demonstrate the adsorptive fractionation of DOM from composted biosolids by mineral soil. This suggests that changes in soil and organic matter types will influence the extent of LTG and CBZ sorption to agricultural soils, as well as the potential for plant uptake and leaching.

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King, E. L., A. Normandeau, T. Carson, P. Fraser, C. Staniforth, A. Limoges, B. MacDonald, F. J. Murrillo-Perez et N. Van Nieuwenhove. Pockmarks, a paleo fluid efflux event, glacial meltwater channels, sponge colonies, and trawling impacts in Emerald Basin, Scotian Shelf : autonomous underwater vehicle surveys, William Kennedy 2022011 cruise report. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331174.

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A short but productive cruise aboard RV William Kennedy tested various new field equipment near Halifax (port of departure and return) but also in areas that could also benefit science understanding. The GSC-A Gavia Autonomous Underwater Vehicle equipped with bathymetric, sidescan and sub-bottom profiler was successfully deployed for the first time on Scotian Shelf science targets. It surveyed three small areas: two across known benthic sponge, Vazella (Russian Hat) within a DFO-directed trawling closure area on the SE flank of Sambro Bank, bordering Emerald Basin, and one across known pockmarks, eroded cone-shaped depression in soft mud due to fluid efflux. The sponge study sites (~ 150 170 m water depth) were known to lie in an area of till (subglacial diamict) exposure at the seabed. The AUV data identified gravel and cobble-rich seabed, registering individual clasts at 35 cm gridded resolution. A subtle variation in seabed texture is recognized in sidescan images, from cobble-rich on ridge crests and flanks, to limited mud-rich sediment in intervening troughs. Correlation between seabed topography and texture with the (previously collected) Vazella distribution along two transects is not straightforward. However there may be a preference for the sponge in the depressions, some of which have a thin but possibly ephemeral sediment cover. Both sponge study sites depict a hereto unknown morphology, carved in glacial deposits, consisting of a series of discontinuous ridges interpreted to be generated by erosion in multiple, continuous, meandering and cross-cutting channels. The morphology is identical to glacial Nye, or mp;lt;"N-mp;lt;"channels, cut by sub-glacial meltwater. However their scale (10 to 100 times mp;lt;"typicalmp;gt;" N-channels) and the unique eroded medium, (till rather than bedrock), presents a rare or unknown size and medium and suggests a continuum in sub-glacial meltwater channels between much larger tunnel valleys, common to the eastward, and the bedrock forms. A comparison is made with coastal Nova Scotia forms in bedrock. The Emerald Basin AUV site, targeting pockmarks was in ~260 to 270 m water depth and imaged eight large and one small pockmark. The main aim was to investigate possible recent or continuous fluid flux activity in light of ocean acidification or greenhouse gas contribution; most accounts to date suggested inactivity. While a lack of common attributes marking activity is confirmed, creep or rotational flank failure is recognized, as is a depletion of buried diffuse methane immediately below the seabed features. Discovery of a second, buried, pockmark horizon, with smaller but more numerous erosive cones and no spatial correlation to the buried diffuse gas or the seabed pockmarks, indicates a paleo-event of fluid or gas efflux; general timing and possible mechanisms are suggested. The basinal survey also registered numerous otter board trawl marks cutting the surficial mud from past fishing activity. The AUV data present a unique dataset for follow-up quantification of the disturbance. Recent realization that this may play a significant role in ocean acidification on a global scale can benefit from such disturbance quantification. The new pole-mounted sub-bottom profiler collected high quality data, enabling correlation of recently recognized till ridges exposed at the seabed as they become buried across the flank and base of the basin. These, along with the Nye channels, will help reconstruct glacial behavior and flow patterns which to date are only vaguely documented. Several cores provide the potential for stratigraphic dating of key horizons and will augment Holocene environmental history investigations by a Dalhousie University student. In summary, several unique features have been identified, providing sufficient field data for further compilation, analysis and follow-up publications.

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Chefetz, Benny, et Jon Chorover. Sorption and Mobility of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Soils Irrigated with Treated Wastewater. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7592117.bard.

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Research into the fate of pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) in the environment has focused on aspects of removal efficiency during sewage treatment, degradation in surface water and accumulation in soils and sediments. However, very little information is available on the binding interactions of pharmaceuticals with dissolved organic matter (DOM) originating from wastewater treatment. Such interactions can significantly affect the transport potential of PCs in soils by altering compound affinity for soil particle surfaces. Our primary hypothesis is that the transport potential of PCs in soils is strongly impacted by the type and strength of interaction with DOM and the stability of resulting DOM-PC complexes. The overarching goal of the proposed work is to develop a better understanding of the risk associated with introduction of PCs into the environment with treated wastewater. This goal has been achieved by elucidating the mechanisms of the interaction of selected pharmaceuticals (that have shown to be widespread wastewater contaminants) with DOM constituents; by determining the stability and fate of DOM-PC complexes introduced to soils and soil constituents; and by evaluating the potential uptake of these compounds by plants. Based on the results obtained in this study (column and batch sorption-desorption experiments), we suggest that PCs can be classified as slow-mobile compounds in SOM-rich soil layers. When these compounds pass this layer and/or are introduced into SOM-poor soils, their mobility increases significantly. Our data suggest that in semiarid soils (consisting of low SOM), PCs can potentially be transported to the groundwater in fields irrigated with reclaimed wastewater. Moreover, the higher mobility of the acid PCs (i.e., naproxen and diclofenac) in freshwater column systems suggests that their residues in soils irrigated with reclaimed wastewater can leach from the root zone and be transported to the groundwater after rain events. Our data obtained from the binding experiments of PCs with DOM demonstrate that the hydrophobic DOM fractions were more efficient at sorbing PCs than the more polar hydrophilic fractions at a pH near the pKa of the analytes. At the pH of natural semiarid water and soil systems, including that of reclaimed wastewater and biosolids, the role of the hydrophobic fractions as sorption domains is less important than the contribution of the hydrophilic fractions. We also hypothesize that the DOM fractions interact with each other at the molecular level and do not act as independent sorption domains. In summary, our data collected in the BARD project demonstrate that the sorption abilities of the DOM fractions can also significantly affect the mobility of pharmaceutical compounds in soils influenced by intensive irrigation with treated wastewater or amended with biosolids.

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