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Lazarus, Gal, et Ben Shahar. « The Role of Shame and Self-Criticism in Social Anxiety : A Daily-Diary Study in a Nonclinical Sample ». Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 37, no 2 (février 2018) : 107–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2018.37.2.107.
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We sought to explore the daily association between shame and self-criticism, and the extent to which this association varies as a function of social anxiety symptoms. Fifty-nine undergraduate students completed a measure of social anxiety symptoms at a baseline meeting and then completed measures of shame experienced during significant social interactions and self-criticism following those interactions twice daily for 10 days. Social anxiety symptoms predicted more shame during daily social interactions and more self-criticism following them. Additionally, shame predicted subsequent self-criticism. This relationship was moderated by levels of social anxiety symptoms, such that those with higher levels of social anxiety symptoms exhibited high levels of self-criticism following daily social interactions characterized by both high and low shame, whereas those with lower levels of social anxiety symptoms showed high levels of self-criticism only after interactions with high levels of shame. These findings are consistent with the notion that self-criticism may serve as a regulatory coping method when experiencing shame, and that social anxiety difficulties are related to an inflexibly high level of self-criticism.
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Cook, Ellen Maria, Tim Wildschut et Sander Thomaes. « Understanding adolescent shame and pride at school : Mind-sets and perceptions of academic competence ». Educational and Child Psychology 34, no 3 (septembre 2017) : 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2017.34.3.119.
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Aims:Shame and pride have important implications in educational contexts for pupils and educators alike. The aim of this study was to investigate whether adolescents’ growth (intelligence) mindset is associated with reduced shame experiences and increased pride experiences, within a secondary school context. We tested perceived academic competence as a mediator of the hypothesised relations between a growth mindset and feelings of shame and pride.Method:Secondary school students (N=121, M age=14.28 years) completed the Scale of Personal Conceptions of Intelligence to measure their beliefs about the nature of their abilities (i.e. mindset) and then completed a brief online diary for 10 days. Participants rated their daily shame and pride experiences, as well as their daily perceptions of academic competence.Findings:Results revealed a negative relation between growth mindset and daily shame intensity, and a positive relation between growth mindset and daily pride intensity. Both associations were mediated by perceived academic competence.Limitations:We identified limitations, including the possibility that participants’ conceptions of shame and pride may have varied, and the reliance on self-report methods of data collection.Conclusions:Adolescents who endorse a growth mindset experience less shame and more pride at school. Stronger perceptions of academic competence account for this emotional signature of the growth mindset.
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Carpenter, Thomas, Oxana Stebbins, Kylie Fraga et Thane M. Erickson. « Shame-Proneness Uniquely Predicts Social Evaluative Symptoms : Considering the Sociometer Theory of Shame ». Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 41, no 3 (juin 2022) : 238–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2022.41.3.238.
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Introduction: Whereas the act-person model of shame emphasizes negative self-appraisals, the sociometer theory roots shame in real or imagined social evaluation. If so, shame might increase vulnerability to psychosocial stressors and manifest in social anxiety specifically. We investigated how shame-proneness predicted concurrent symptoms and responses to daily interpersonal stressors. Method: A total of 159 participants (including those meeting anxiety/depression criteria in clinical interviews; n = 58) completed baseline measures of shame- and guilt-proneness, trait negative affect (NA), and social anxiety, depression, and generalized anxiety disorder symptoms, followed by stressor diaries for 5 weeks (1,923 diaries). Results: Even with NA and guilt-proneness controlled, shame-proneness uniquely predicted concurrent social anxiety and prospectively predicted experiencing social evaluation. Unique links to depression and nonspecific anxiety and worry were less consistent. Discussion: Specificity in shame-social evaluation links supported sociometer theory, Results have implications both for shame theory and clinical practice with shame-prone individuals.
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Di Sarno, Marco, Johannes Zimmermann, Fabio Madeddu, Erica Casini et Rossella Di Pierro. « Shame behind the corner ? A daily diary investigation of pathological narcissism ». Journal of Research in Personality 85 (avril 2020) : 103924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2020.103924.
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Oyebode, F. « Shame & ; Guilt : Definitions, Antecedents and Structure of Experience ». European Psychiatry 41, S1 (avril 2017) : S23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.126.
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Aims In this lecture I will define and distinguish between shame and guilt. I will then discuss the potential causes of shame and guilt and how these emotions manifest in behavioral and phenomenal terms. I will conclude by introducing a classification that deals with the varieties and nature of the pathologies of shame and guilt that are evident in clinical practice. I will rely on concepts developed by Karl Jaspers, Hans Jonas and Bernhard Schlink. In doing this I will be exploring the role of moral and juridical principles upon the experience of shame and guilt including the place of the imperatives of responsibility upon the experience of shame and guilt. I will argue further that shame and guilt are as important as other secondary emotions such as envy and jealousy but are not as examined and studied in clinical practice. I will make a case for the centrality of these emotions to an understanding of and response to particular clinical conditions in daily practice.MethodsN/A.ResultsN/A.ConclusionsShame and Guilt are both important emotions that are central to our understanding of and response to particular conditions in daily practice. Their antecedents and structure provide a basis for distinguishing between them.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
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Scott, Lori N., Stephanie D. Stepp, Michael N. Hallquist, Diana J. Whalen, Aidan G. C. Wright et Paul A. Pilkonis. « Daily shame and hostile irritability in adolescent girls with borderline personality disorder symptoms. » Personality Disorders : Theory, Research, and Treatment 6, no 1 (janvier 2015) : 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/per0000107.
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Shahar, Ben, Eran Bar-Kalifa et Adi Hen-Weissberg. « Shame During Social Interactions Predicts Subsequent Generalized Anxiety Symptoms : A Daily-Diary Study ». Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 34, no 10 (décembre 2015) : 827–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2015.34.10.827.
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Zhesko, E. M., et I. А. Chudova. « Shame and Normative Expectations about Reading in Perception of Scientific Workers ». World of Economics and Management 21, no 4 (25 décembre 2021) : 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2542-0429-2021-21-4-175-186.
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The article attempts to consider emotional perception and normative orientation in reading with an emphasis on such emotions as shame. Reading is a significant part of the daily lives of researchers, and obviously there are a number of social norms around and about reading. In the course of the research, an assumption was made that the normative expectations relevant to the reader are able to create a ground for experiencing shame. Phenomenological analysis of interviews and focus group materials with researchers allowed us to identify reasons for shame about professional and leisure reading in relation to regulatory constraints, some explanations of this experience, as well as related features of motivation to read. The experience of shame in relation to reading comes from the perception of the researcher himself in the modification of reading and the corresponding normative expectations – so, the manifestation of shame was recorded in discussions about both work and leisure reading. It turned out that reading both scientific and leisure literature is perceived by researchers as their status duty, in this regard, its "inadequacy" becomes a key reason for experiencing shame.
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Luoma, Jason B., Paul M. Guinther, Nicole M. Lawless DesJardins et Roger Vilardaga. « Is shame a proximal trigger for drinking ? A daily process study with a community sample. » Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 26, no 3 (juin 2018) : 290–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pha0000189.
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Sampogna, F., S. Tabolli et D. Abeni. « Living with Psoriasis : Prevalence of Shame, Anger, Worry, and Problems in Daily Activities and Social Life ». Acta Dermato Venereologica 92, no 3 (2012) : 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/00015555-1273.
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Chaudhri, Ayesha Izhar, Tazanfal Tehseem et Barirah Nazir. « A Sociolinguistic Study of Taboos and Euphemisms Surrounding Pakistani Females' Daily Issues ». Global Social Sciences Review VII, no II (30 juin 2022) : 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2022(vii-ii).04.
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This research paper is an endeavor to delineate various linguistic taboos about women's physiology with a focus on both the categories and functions of taboos in Pakistani society. The aim is to bring forth myriad euphemistic expressions employed in print media. The paper contests that taboos are moderated at the expanse of society's cultural and religious norms.It also offers a rationale behind the popular use of euphemistic expressions for Pakistani Females' daily issues. Allan and Burridge's (2006) theoretical framework furnished the basic framework for the analysis of different euphemistic expressions. The data for the study comprises thirteen different English newspaper articles published in the last six years (2016-2021). The data analysis revealed that euphemisms could connote multiple shades of meaning ranging from shame, disgust, exasperation, and upliftment. It was established that euphemisms operate along dysphemism and orthophemisminterchangeably depending on the context in which they appeared.
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Farmawati, Cintami. « Al-Haya’ Dalam Perspektif Psikologi Islam : Kajian Konsep Dan Empiris ». Jurnal Studia Insania 8, no 2 (27 janvier 2021) : 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18592/jsi.v8i2.3865.
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The phenomenon of the character of shame (al-haya’) is now very factual. The culture of shame slowly began to disappear with the global process of assimilation, the shameless character of the eastern culture began to adopt the character of western culture which resulted in the loss of shame. The impact of the loss of shame in a person is that all of his behavior is difficult to control and will commit a variety of dishonorable acts such as corruption, cheating, cheating, displaying the genitals with sexy and mini clothes, adultery, drunkenness, piracy, sexual harassment, murder and others. While Islam strongly emphasizes the character of shame as a good moral. This study aims to see how the concept of al-haya 'in the perspective of Islamic psychology through conceptual and empirical studies. The study in this study was carried out with two events namely, the first with a literature review and the second an empirical study. Literature studies include the study of the verses of the Koran, Hadith and opinions of Islamic leaders who discuss al-haya '. The second study is through an empirical way by conducting interviews with 2 Ustadz and 3 students majoring in Sufism and Psychotherapy who have successfully applied al-haya 'in their daily lives. This research is included in qualitative research with a grounded theory design. The results showed that al-haya 'which is interpreted by the research subjects is almost the same as what is contained in Islamic studies. Al-haya ’is a shame that is driven by respect and aversion to something that is seen as insulting or violating the principles of sharia. People who have the character of al-haya 'are those who want to do something deed but then undo their intentions because there are bad consequences that can reduce the dignity of himself in the eyes of respected people
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Boiger, Michael, Yukiko Uchida, Vinai Norasakkunkit et Batja Mesquita. « Protecting Autonomy, Protecting Relatedness : Appraisal Patterns of Daily Anger and Shame in the United States and Japan ». Japanese Psychological Research 58, no 1 (21 octobre 2015) : 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12096.
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Prieto de la Fuente, Paulina. « Guilt-Tripping : On the Relation between Ethical Decisions, Climate Change and the Built Environment ». Urban Planning 5, no 4 (12 novembre 2020) : 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v5i4.3301.
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The curiosity of how the built environment, implicitly and explicitly, affects how citizens and users make choices in their everyday life related to climate change is on the rise. If there is a nicely designed bike lane, the choice to bike to work is much more easily taken than if the only option is a densely trafficked road. But which responsibility does the built environment have for citizens to be as climate neutral as possible and, in extension, who should it burden? Is it the individual user, the designer, the planner, the policymaker or global politics? Media is playing an important and complicated role here; it works both as a source of information and as a trigger, instigating both feelings of guilt, fear, and shame in order to set change in motion. In this article, I will discuss everyday climate-related decision-making fuelled by shame and guilt, drawing on Judith Butler’s writings on ethical obligations and narrating it with findings from a mapping study of daily transportation routes that I conducted in a middle-class suburb outside of Lund, in Sweden. There appears to be a dissonance between the relatively high knowledge about one’s responsibility concerning climate change and the limited space to manoeuvre in everyday life. Even though shame and guilt may be driving forces to make decisions, the possibility to imagine and to change needs to be expanded.
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Paquet, M., N. Rosen, M. Steben et S. Bergeron. « (174) Let's Talk about it : Daily Associations between Shame and Pain and Sexual Distress in Couples Coping with Vulvodynia ». Journal of Pain 20, no 4 (avril 2019) : S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.094.
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Abou-Elhamd, Kamal-Eldin Ahmed. « NOSE ». Professional Medical Journal 21, no 05 (15 décembre 2018) : 824–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2014.21.05.2561.
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Objectives: The nose is used more than any other organs of the body in differentcultures as a symbol. This symbol may indicate honor, shame or sex. Some of them are factsand others are myths. This paper reviews most of these symbols. Conclusions: The nose isused in many cultures in different ways. It is used daily in greetings within Arabic Gulf area. Itis the most used body organ in proverbs. Myths about its relation to sexual activity are funnyones. Scientifically, priapism in the nose occurs in sickle cell disease. Vicarious menstruationmay occur in the nose resulting into epistaxis.
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McDougall, James I. « Technonationalism and the 1905 Chinese Boycott of us Goods ». Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 16, no 1-3 (7 avril 2017) : 274–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341434.
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This article explores ways of understanding the globalization of nationalism in the twentieth century as a condition of technology from the perspective of Heidegger’s “Question Concerning Technology,” and offers the reporting in the Shantou newspaper,Lingdong Daily, as a case study of how discourses of nationalism were localized during the 1905 Chinese boycott ofusgoods. The 1905 boycott was one of the events linked to modern Chinese nationalism that increased political grassroots networks, and sustained successive revolutions. In order to argue that this rise of Chinese nationalism was the globalization of a technological condition, I examine the representation of technology, cognitive mapping, and shame.
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Tan, Josephine B. « Academic Emotions And Performance In Psychology Of College Freshman Students Of The University Of Eastern Philippines ». Proceedings Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 1 (22 novembre 2014) : 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21016/irrc.2014.14ntt012.
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College students experience a variety of emotion-related situations. Many of these situations imply daily hassles relating to teachers, classmates, or learning at home. The emotional state of a learner has the potential to influence his/her thinking. As a subject, which deals with the human mind and its process, Psychology lessons could trigger different emotions that may affect overall performance. The study determined the level of academic emotions of the students in terms of enjoyment, pride, anger, boredom, anxiety, hope, shame, and relief. It also determined the level of performance of the students in Psychology. Moreover, it looked into the significant relationship between academic emotions and performance in the subject. The study involved 387 freshman students enrolled in General Psychology in the first semester of SY 2013-2014. The respondents answered a 96-item academic emotions questionnaire. The performance of the students in Psychology was based on the grades they got in the subject. Statistical tools included frequency counts, percentages, weighted means, and multiple regression analysis. The study found out that the students have a high level of enjoyment, pride, hope, and relief; low level of anger, boredom, and anxiety; and an average level of shame. The respondents had a Fair to Good performance in Psychology. Test of relationship revealed that enjoyment, pride, and boredom significantly related to academic performance while hope, relief, anger, anxiety, and shame did not have a significant relationship with performance. The study recommended active participation in class discussions of students to enhance learning through more classroom activities and instructional strategies.
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Ph.d, Nelvitia Purba. « The Malay Community Local Wisdom of Shame Culture in Legal Perspective to Prevent Corruption in North Sumatera ». International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 5, no 7 (9 juillet 2018) : 4864–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v5i7.05.
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Head of North Sumatra High Prosecutor Office stated that in 2016, there was 147 cases of corruption which reached the investigation stage, 72 cases was in ongoing investigation stage, 27 cases was at the stage of prosecution in the police and investigation to prosecutor and 41 cases to be processed and when completed will be delegated to the court. The large number of corruption cases in North Sumatera also made it the second most corrupt province in Indonesia based on the investigation of corruption cases handled by the North Sumatra High Prosecutor. Japan in 2012 was ranked 17th with a score of 74 on a scale of 0 to 100 in the corruption perception index (IPK) based on Transparency International Japan. The soul of samurai has become the most basic value in the context of the famous Japanese culture. The principle of samurai is teaching the values of honesty in life as well as to one self. This is originated from the soul of the samurai which is inherent in the soul of Japanese society. Japan is also known for the culture of shame as one of the prominent elements in raising the nation integrity and dignity to become an excellent nation. This study is an empirical legal research, using primary data and secondary data. The results of the study were analyzed qualitatively. The research found that shame culture of the Malay society is contained in pantun (poetry), poems, phrases and so forth that contain advices and amanah (mandate) to be passed down from generation to generation. The contents are the philosophy of life for the Malay. The contents, among other advice and the mandate include "Obedience to the Law of Shame." The whole advice and the amanah (mandate) are also part of "Tunjuk Ajar" (traditional virtues and teachings) which basically exists in all areas of origin of Puak Melayu in North Sumatra. This can be used as a basis for the prevention of corruption so that this shame culture becomes the foundation in behaving in daily activities.
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AL OBAIDI, Bushra Salman Hussain. « HONOR CRIMES AND ITS LEGAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS، MURDER IS A WASH OF SHAME AS A MODEL ». International Journal of Humanities and Educational Research 03, no 04 (1 août 2021) : 159–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2757-5403.4-3.15.
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The importance of research: The heavenly canons and all laws affirm the guarantee of everyone's right to life, but a look at daily practices reveals that a large number of women are killed daily under the background of honor killings. His race and his religion, is considered today a necessity and a priority heavily placed on the collective conscience. The exacerbation of the phenomenon of honor murders, or the liquidation of women who has rebel against family laws, and the pretext that she is an adulterer, is a dangerous indication of underestimating the right of women to life and is a sign of social discrimination practiced on the basis of gender. The phenomenon of the exacerbation of honor murders indicates a crisis of relationships within the family and society, a crisis of relations within the community of women, the continued dominance of some customs over laws in contemporary societies, and the institutionalization of violence against women and their sacrifice. Iraq society is a tribal society and accepts the idea of killing of women as a means of dishonor. However, killings under this concept have increased as a result of the tyranny of tribal values, and they increased even more after the occupation of Iraq on 9/ 4 / 2003 Research objectives: abolishing the legal articles that encourage the killing of women under any pretext, and making the crime of murder under the pretext of washing shame a premeditated murder, like all murders, and subject to its provisions without wearing the garment of a mitigating excuse and allowing the perpetrators to escape from punishment and activating the implementation of international conventions and respecting them. Part of the national legislation for ratification by Iraq. As well as respect for the constitutional texts being the highest in the application. When talking about treating this crime and setting up a solution for it, the law must be the other side, without a law that protects women, clarifies the limits and provisions of this crime, and establishes appropriate punishment for its images in a way that does not allow the perpetrators to escape from punishment, then there will be no benefit from all that was said It is said about violence against women.
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Moqbel, Ahmed Abdullah Alhussami &. Kamel Hizam. « The Sociocultural Use of the Arabic Word عيب Eib 'shame' among the YemeniWomen "Thanks to language, Man became man." Descartes ». Albaydha University Journal 3, no 2 (24 octobre 2021) : 1161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.56807/buj.v3i2.206.
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The current paper attempts to explore the sociocultural use of the Arabic word عيبEib 'shame' among the Yemeni women. Language, as the main tool of communication, sometimes has to be used in a very tough and vague manner by its users, especially by those who are uneducated. This paper tends to tackle the issue of using the Arabic word Eib by Yemeni women in some daily linguistic situations. The word Eib is found to be used in a wide-range situation by Yemeni speakers to carry meanings that are not corresponding with the meaning in the selected Arabic dictionaries. The common misuse of the word Eib among Yemeni speakers, especially women can be attributed to two main factors; cultural and religious, as it has been inferred from the data obtained from the informants. Yemeni speakers, use the word Eib to express their anger or loathing against behavior, saying, writing, etc. that goes against either the social norms based on cultural beliefs or religious instructions. The misuse of the word Eib is common not only among ignorant people but also among some educated ones. Some linguistic uses are inherited from one generation to another rather.
Key Words: Eib ' shame', Culture, Religion, Yemen, Gender
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Dagiliūtė, Renata, et Aira Musteikytė. « Food waste generation : restaurant data and consumer attitudes ». Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 75, no 2 (3 septembre 2019) : 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.75.2.22995.
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Food waste and related negative impacts are gaining attention in all policy levels. Therefore, there is an increased need for research and analysis in the field, especially in different countries, different sectors. In Lithuania so far there are only couple of studies regarding food waste as such, therefore the aim of this study is to estimate food waste generation in one of food supply chain stages - catering at the restaurant – and to determine restaurant costumers’ attitudes towards food waste and related aspects. Results indicate that there are weekly and daily variations in food waste generation per capita. The biggest share of wasted food was composed of grain/cereals products. Shame was identified as one of the reasons for not taking plate leftovers home. However, restaurant could employ some of the activities like educating its consumers or providing personalized portions. In general, consumer indicated lack of information on food waste problems and related environmental impacts, though at home majority of the respondents throw away still good to consume food rather often. Hence, information provision and greater attention both from the consumers and the service providers could be a significant input in food waste reduction in public catering service sector.
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Pawłowska, Beata. « Pride in Teachers’ Everyday Work. Conditions and Contexts ». Qualitative Sociology Review 16, no 1 (31 janvier 2020) : 28–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.16.1.03.
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The aim of this article is to elaborate on the reasons behind feeling the emotion of pride within the professional context of actions undertaken by contemporary Polish teachers. The article attempts to answer the question of what role pride plays in teachers’ career building process and their daily work. All considerations focus on the social construction of the meaning of pride, established from teachers’ perspectives. Pride is here referred to as social emotion, in line with an interpretivist approach. The following reflections are based on the data collected due to: 1) multiple observations conducted by the author in the years 2008-2016 in the primary, as well as junior high schools; 2) interviews with teachers, parents, and other school staff. Pride in teachers’ work arises in three main contexts: 1) pride due to prestige, 2) pride due to one’s recognition (appreciation), and 3) pride as a result of diverse interactions, for example, teacher-student. The emotion at hand is, like shame, of a social origin and plays a key role when it comes to interactions, social control, as well as maintaining social order. And yet, most of the researchers would give the lead to emotions such as shame, guilt, or related stigma. Based on the collected data, this article focuses on the emotion of pride in the process of identity building by employees—teachers.
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DOLATABADİ, Ali Bagheri. « Ontological Security and Iran’s Missile Program ». All Azimuth : A Journal of Foreign Policy and Peace 11, no 2 (30 juillet 2022) : 233–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20991/allazimuth.1150303.
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This article attempts to answer the question of why Iran is reluctant to discuss its missile program. Unlike other studies that focus on the importance of Iran’s missile program in providing deterrence for the country and establishing a balance of military power in the region, or that view the missile program as one of dozens of post-revolutionary contentious issues between Iran and the United States, this article looks into Iran’s ontological security. The paper primarily argues that the missile program has become a source of pride for Iranians, inextricably linked to their identity. As a result, the Iranian authorities face two challenges when it comes to sitting at the negotiation table with their Western counterparts: deep mistrust of the West, and the ensuing sense of shame over any deal on the missile issue. Thus, Iranian officials opted to preserve the identity components of the program, return to normal and daily routines of life, insist on the missile program’s continuation despite sanctions and threats, and emphasize the dignity and honor of having a missile program. The article empirically demonstrates how states can overcome feelings of shame and mistrust. It also theoretically proves that when physical security conflicts with ontological security, governments prefer the former over the latter, based on the history of Iran’s nuclear negotiations. They appeal to create new narratives to justify changing their previous policies.
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Pambaguian, Laurent, Eleonie van Schreven et Ilaria Roma. « Space Hardware Advanced Manufacturing Engineering : SHAME to miss out on a potential game changer ? » Concurrent Engineering 26, no 1 (12 février 2018) : 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1063293x17751831.
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Advanced Manufacturing is widely used with features and applications playing a game changing role in our daily life. The European Space Agency has initiated in April 2016 a multi-disciplinary approach exploring the impact of infusing Advanced Manufacturing into space practices. A Concurrent Design Facility study was performed investigating potential design methodology amendments produced by introducing Advanced Manufacturing techniques into the design space. Innovative materials and processes were added to the conventional design parameters usually populating the systems design trade-spaces. This enabled multifunctional solutions, previously inconceivable, with a redefinition of interfaces and related requirements, shifted from ‘discipline’ boundaries to ‘units’ or ‘assembly’ boundaries. The Concurrent Design Facility Study identified the core domains of expertise required in a ‘Design for Advanced Manufacturing’ frame, governed by a flexible, open-minded systems engineering coordination. Early involvement of material and process engineers in the design proved to be an essential ingredient of the ‘Design for Advanced Manufacturing’ recipe. The design freedom brought by Advanced Manufacturing calls for unconventional design solutions, creativity becomes a need and infusion from non-space is invaluable. Biomimicry and architecture principles enriched the concurrent design environment, which proved to be very well suited with the needs and objectives of the new design methodology. This article reports the Concurrent Design Facility study conduct, as first attempt to understand Advanced Manufacturing impact on design methodology, the study cases selected for analysis, the observations on the methodology and on the interactions among the specialists in the team. The study outcome is reported, including an overview of benefits, disadvantages and points for further investigation in relation to the study cases assessed. In addition, the paper proposes recommendations for injecting Advanced Manufacturing into the project life cycle, from early design up to procurement phases and ultimately to the assembly, integration and verification phases, indicating required modelling tools, technologies and redefined engineering roles and expertise.
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van der Geest, Sjaak. « Money and respect : the changing value of old age in rural Ghana ». Africa 67, no 4 (octobre 1997) : 534–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161107.
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AbstractThis article describes the position of elderly people from the perspective of money anddiscusses the meaning of money from the perspective of elderly people. Anthropological research was carried out in 1994, 1995 and 1996 in a rural Kwahu community in southern Ghana. It consisted mainly of long conversations with elderly people and their relatives. Money is a core symbol in daily life by which people measure the value of their relationships. It is not used to keep people at bay but rather to establish and maintain social bonds and to secure care in old age. Having money engenders respect, as it is a sign of a successful life, while lack of money discloses failure and shame. Giving money is a way of ‘paying’ respect and shows affection and care for the elderly.
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Cheney, Ann M., et Danielle Cravalho. « Students Voicing Collegiate Recovery ». Journal of Recovery Science 1, no 2 (22 septembre 2018) : 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.31886/jors.12.2018.16.
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Young adults increasingly enter college with substance use addiction. Some may achieve recovery before setting their foot on a college campus whereas others during their college years. These students often struggle to maintain sobriety as they act out their daily lives because they find themselves in abstinence-hostile environments (Bugbee et al., 2016; Harris et al., 2008). This presentation will discuss students’ collegiate recovery experiences and will report on a photovoice project documenting students’ recovery experience and recovery management and support needs. Photovoice is a participatory social action method that uses photography to answer research questions (Wang, 2006); a photovoice exhibit, involving a gallery of participants’ photographs and linked narrative text to explicate the photos’ meaning, disseminates the findings. The presentation will focus on the narratives of students in recovery and attendees will obtain an in-depth understanding of recovery students’ experiences of stigma, shame and isolation, and marginalized social positions, which are intimately tied to their addiction histories. Students in recovery represent an invisible student group that struggles to access resources and needed healthcare services. The photovoice method can act as a powerful tool to empower marginalized students to share their recovery experiences and articulate their needs; ultimately providing a vehicle for structural-level and systemic change.
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Sadeghi, Sahar, Hossein Pirnajmuddin et Zahra Jannessari Ladani. « Reading Through Emotions : An Affective Narratolological Approach to Alice Munro's Short Stories ». k@ta 23, no 2 (20 décembre 2021) : 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/kata.23.2.86-94.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The emergence of fields of study like emotionology, affective narratology, and psychonarratology in recent decades evidences a dramatic rise in research done on the meaning and interpretation of emotions. Affective Narratology as one of the recent fields in emotion studies attempts to identify and account for the figuration of emotions in works of literature. Focusing on three basic emotions (shame, jealousy and love) figuring in Alice Munro’s selected short stories this paper probes the significance of emotional registers in the writer's depiction of daily life. Examined is the way the stories' sincere tone and their comprehensible, ordinary language, contribute to the emotional identification of readers with characters. Applying affective narratological theories, the objective is to show how emotions contribute to plot development and characterization in these stories. Central to the analysis is interpreting emotional moments experienced by characters, especially female characters
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da Silva, Brenda M. S., Lizet Ketelaar, Guida Veiga, Yung-Ting Tsou et Carolien Rieffe. « Moral emotions in early childhood : Validation of the Moral Emotions Questionnaire (MEQ) ». International Journal of Behavioral Development 46, no 2 (7 février 2022) : 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01650254221075031.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Moral emotions are experienced in daily life and are crucial for mediating appropriate social behaviors, as they prevent individuals from committing transgressions. In this study, caregivers of 377 children aged between 2.5 and 6.5 years old completed the Moral Emotions Questionnaire (MEQ), a parent report aimed to separately identify the presence of shame, guilt, and pride behaviors in early childhood. To validate this newly developed questionnaire, a confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance were conducted, and internal consistency, and concurrent validity were tested. Outcomes confirmed that the three moral emotions can be individually identified through the MEQ, even at such an early age. The MEQ scales showed acceptable internal consistencies and the associations between the three moral emotions and externalizing behaviors, internalizing behaviors, and social competence were in accordance with previous research, therefore confirming concurrent validity.
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Budiarto, Budiarto, Nurul Lia Ahmadi et Suhendar Suhendar. « AN ANALYSIS OF MELINDA’S STRUGGLE IN SELF-EXPRESSION DURING TRAUMATIC CONDITION IN “SPEAK” MOVIE ». Journal of English Language and Literature (JELL) 7, no 1 (1 mars 2022) : 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37110/jell.v7i1.146.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this research, the researcher analysis a movie entitled Speak. This movie tells about a young girl who suffered from traumatic experiences during her adolescence because of being rape victim. As a result, she can’t express herself and can’t communication with others comfortably. The aims of this research are to analyze and to explain the trauma that face by the main character, and her struggle to recover with it. The researcher uses the theory of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, self-expression, and art therapy to analyze this research. This analysis shows that the main character of this movie is in a bad condition that is reflected to her daily activities. She suffers from guilt, shame, depression, losing concentrate and self-confidence. But finally, she can find the way to heal from her trauma through art class and speak the truth to the people.
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Deady, Rick. « ‘Moral shielding : A grounded theory of moral integrity maintenance within multidisciplinary teams’. » Boolean : Snapshots of Doctoral Research at University College Cork, no 2011 (1 janvier 2011) : 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/boolean.2011.11.
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On a daily basis, many health care practitioners find themselves in situations where their original aspirations to be a caring and good professional are challenged. Imagine a nurse working within a war zone where she is required, due to limited resources, to make a decision as to which of two injured soldier should have lifesaving surgery first. This is known as triage. Having made her decision, she discovers that the second soldier has died in the meantime. She knew that the right decision was for both soldiers to receive the surgery; however, the circumstances prevented this. The emotional aftermath of such a situation has been reported to lead to a debilitating condition known as ‘moral distress,’ where the victim feels immense guilt, shame and even anger for not acting in a manner that maintains their sense of moral integrity. Fortunately, few professionals have to make such definitive life-saving decisions. Nevertheless, ...
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Hasan, Moh Abdul Kholiq. « MEMBANGUN KELUARGA HARAPAN ANTI KORUPSI : Perspektif Nilai-Nilai Alqur`an ». Al-A'raf : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam dan Filsafat 11, no 1 (30 juin 2014) : 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/ajpif.v11i1.1201.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Family in the Qur'an is the main pillar of a society.Family occupies a strategic position in the formation of man. Includedin the hopes of building a family of anti-corruption. Planting the anticorruptionneeds to be done early. Particularly through the practice ofreligion is not limited to mere ritual activity. But also to transform thevalues of rituals in daily life character. Among Qurani values, whichcan be used to build the character of a family of anti-corruption is theintention of working as a worship, cultivate a sense of shame in thefamily, cultivate honesty in the family, even the simplest life as highofficials, educate the family to work hard. And the most important wayin instilling the values Qur`an is the real example of parents for theirchildren. So that when they grow up to be a part of the communitywho are able to protect themselves from a variety of crimes includingcorruption.
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Grootegoed, Ellen, Christian Bröer et Jan Willem Duyvendak. « Too Ashamed to Complain : Cuts to Publicly Financed Care and Clients’ Waiving of their Right to Appeal ». Social Policy and Society 12, no 3 (25 mars 2013) : 475–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746413000092.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This article examines how Dutch citizens with long-term care needs have used existing legal opportunities to respond to cuts in publicly financed care. Unexpectedly, most did not make use of their right to appeal the reduction or elimination of their previous entitlements, even when this led to marked problems in daily life. Thirty interviews with disabled and elderly persons and their care-givers revealed that specific social norms on how to feel about the cuts inhibited the lodging of appeals. Given the new policy's stated intention of preserving care for the most needy, many affected clients felt they had no right to be angry. Despite their (often objectively warranted) grievances, they did not appeal as breaking with the new moral code would trigger feelings of shame – of not being autonomous, of demanding too much when others are worse off, and of appearing ungrateful.
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Santos, Ana Cristina, et Ana Lúcia Santos. « Intimate Lovers, Legal Strangers—The Politics of Dissident Relationality in Portugal ». Social Sciences 12, no 3 (1 mars 2023) : 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12030144.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dominant cultural frameworks, laws, and social policy in Southern Europe often stem from and replicate a collective imaginary based on a reproductive, cohabiting, monogamous, and cis-heterosexual couple. Concomitantly, despite significant advances in legislation in recent years, LGBTQ+ intimacies continue to be subject to daily prejudice, violence, and shame. The purpose of this article is to understand how state recognition contributes to the un/doing of the abject culturally attached to LGBTQ+ intimacies; and to examine personal, sociocultural, and legal traits that shape biographies turning intimate citizens into intimate lovers and/or legal strangers. The first part of this chapter involves an outlining of developments regarding law and relational diversity in Portugal. The second part deals with the visibility of non-normative sexuality that is often a target of abject gaze, rejection, and other cultural practices of discrimination. It is suggested that legally recognized marital status can become a way to overcome the abject or the invisible, both in relation to the state and the cultural milieu. We offer the notion of relational performativity and suggest that non-monogamy (even when consensual) is a major cultural source of the relational abject, encapsulating moral panic around the promiscuous, unhealthy, and uncommitted sexual monster. The article finishes with reflections that move beyond the examples provided to dialogue with dissident relationality as a concept that describes the intimate experiences of aging LGBTQ+ people.
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Prates, Sara Gomes, Romulo Dias Jesuíno, Luiz Renato Paranhos, Álex Moreira Herval et Liliane Parreira Tannús Gontijo. « Oral health self-perception for transgender people : a controlled cross-sectional study ». Bioscience Journal 37 (12 janvier 2021) : e37003. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/bj-v37n0a2021-55794.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This article aims to verify the use of dental services, oral health self-perception, and the impacts of oral health on the daily lives of transgender people. A controlled cross-sectional study was conducted in which transvestites, transsexuals, and transgender people were compared to cisgender people. For data collection, the oral health self-perception questionnaire was applied to 90 people, from which 45 were cisgender and 45 were transgender. There were no differences regarding access to dental services. The data analysis revealed that transgender people perceive their teeth to cause nervousness (p=0.002) and shame (p=0.033), respectively 3.8 and 5.0 times higher than that observed for cisgender people. Although differences in access were not observed, there was a difference in the perception of the need for treatment and the impacts of oral health. Therefore, it is important to consider that comprehensive care for the transgender population should go beyond the treatment of oral diseases and include aesthetic expectations as well.
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Milligan, Christina. « Noho Rewa : The wrongful occupation of Hawai’i ». Pacific Journalism Review 21, no 2 (31 octobre 2015) : 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v21i2.124.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The colonisation of the Hawai’ian people is a story shared with Māori and other Polynesian peoples. It is a story of shame, desecration, loss of land and loss of life. The commonality of the historical Pacific experience, however, can too easily mask the variety of outcomes of the decolonisation process, and for Māori and Pakeha New Zealanders, the present-day lived experience of the Hawai’ian people can come as a shock to those who have never ventured beyond the hotels of Waikiki. In this interview with filmmaker and Auckland University of Technology lecturer Christina Milligan, indigenous Hawai’ian filmmaker and activist Anne Keala Kelly discusses her 2010 documentary Noho Rewa: The Wrongful Occupation of Hawai’i. For Kelly, the making of the film was not only a lonely and tough five years, It was also an emotional struggle to document the pain suffered on a daily basis by those of her community who evidence the ongoing struggle of a people who remain tenants in their own land.
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Lin, Jianqiang, Ni Gong, Qianzhong Cao, Yijing Zhou, Yitingxue Cai, Guangming Jin, Charlotte Aimee Young, Jing Yang, Yiyao Wang et Danying Zheng. « What hinders congenital ectopia lentis patients’ follow-up visits ? A qualitative study ». BMJ Open 10, no 3 (mars 2020) : e030434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030434.
Texte intégralRésumé :
ObjectivesThe aim of our study is to give insight into congenital ectopia lentis (CEL) patients’ care-seeking behaviour and explore the factors affecting their follow-up visits.DesignCross-sectional study; in-depth and face-to-face semistructured interview.SettingA large-scale ophthalmology hospital in China.Participants35 patients with CEL and their parents from May 2017 to August 2017.Main outcome measuresThemes and categories. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded and analysed using grounded theory. Data collection was closed when new themes did not emerge in subsequent dialogues.ResultsThe factors affecting the timely visits included insufficient awareness of CEL, shame on hereditary disease, lack of effective doctor–patient communication, lack of reliable information online and daily stressors.ConclusionContinuing medical education of severe and rare disease, reforming the pattern of medical education, constructing an interactive platform of the disease on the internet and improving healthcare policy are effective ways to improve the diagnosis and treatment status of CEL in China.
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Fodor, Éva. « A Different Type of Gender Gap : How Women and Men Experience Poverty ». East European Politics and Societies : and Cultures 20, no 1 (février 2006) : 14–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325405284248.
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While recent surveys do not find that poverty is feminized in post-communist Hungary, this project explores gender differences in the experience of destitution. Drawing on a content analysis of in-depth interviews in twentyseven very low-income households, the author exposes the particularly gendered daily practice of poverty in Hungarian families. The author argues that one of the major gender differences in the experience of poverty is that men often find themselves in a gender role crisis when they are too poor to function as successful breadwinners. Women, on the other hand, tend to feel their roles as caretakers intensified and thus avoid a conflict with (newly) hegemonic ideals of femininity. As a response, poor marriedcouple families devise ways in which they try to alleviate men's gender shame. The goal of the article is to identify four such strategies, which are used by poor couples to devise livable alternatives to hegemonic gender roles.
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Gafni, Ruti, et Tal Pavel. « The invisible hole of information on SMB's cybersecurity ». Online Journal of Applied Knowledge Management 7, no 1 (7 mai 2019) : 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36965/ojakm.2019.7(1)14-26.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Small and Medium Businesses (SMB) use Internet and computer-based tools in their daily processes, sometimes without being aware to the cyber threats, or without knowing how to be prepared in case of a cyber-attack, although they are a major target for cyber-attacks. Specific information about cybersecurity needed by SMBs, in order to cope with cyber threats, is not always available or easily accessible. In this study, a vast search of different types of information about SMBs’ cybersecurity was performed, in order to find whether a hole of accessible information exists in this area. This exploratory research covered general mass communication media channels, technological and professional cybersecurity websites, and academic journals, and found that indeed very few studies, articles and news items were published in this matter. Leveraging knowledge and awareness, diminishing the shame for reporting cyber-attacks, and increasing mass communication media interest and public attention, may be activities to cover this “invisible hole”.
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Pousette Lundgren, Gunilla, Tove Hasselblad, Anna Johansson, Anna Johansson et Göran Dahllöf. « Experiences of Being a Parent to a Child with Amelogenesis Imperfecta ». Dentistry Journal 7, no 1 (9 février 2019) : 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj7010017.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a hereditary developmental disorder affecting the enamel of teeth. Affected patients present with tooth hypersensitivity, rapid tooth wear, or fractures of enamel as well as alterations in color and shape, all of which compromise esthetic appearance and masticatory function. Chronic conditions in childhood severely impact the whole family, affecting normal family routines and/or increasing the family’s financial burden. The aim of this study was to explore experiences and the impact on daily life of being a parent to a child with severe forms of amelogenesis imperfecta. Parents of children and adolescents with AI participated in an interview with a psychologist. The transcribed interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. The parents talked about several concerns about having a child with AI. Four main themes emerged from the interviews: Feelings associated with passing on a hereditary disorder, knowledge decreases stress, unfamiliarity with the diagnosis, and psychosocial stress. In these main categories we identified several subthemes. Feelings associated with passing on a hereditary disorder included the subtheme of guilt/shame; knowledge decreases stress included knowledge about diagnosis in the family and support from dental health care professionals; Unfamiliarity with diagnosis included missed diagnosis, fear of not getting correct treatment, and insufficient pain control; finally, the subtheme Psychosocial stress included fear of child being bullied and emergency dental visits. The findings show that parents of children with severe amelogenesis imperfecta report similar experiences as do parents of children with other chronic and rare diseases.
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Baharuddin, Baharuddin, et Ita Sarmita Samad. « Developing Students’ Character through Integrated Anti-Corruption Education ». Edumaspul : Jurnal Pendidikan 3, no 2 (8 octobre 2019) : 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v3i2.146.
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Corruption has become an acute problem for the Indonesian people since independence. Various efforts have been made to hack the corruption problem but have not succeeded. The cultural approach would be a solution to the problem. The cultural approach in question is education. Through education, prevention of corruption can be done by creating a healthy environment, strengthening character, and internalizing the noble values in daily behavior for students. Strengthening of character is reflected by cultivating shame, socialization about the importance of honest culture and the bad of cheating both directly and indirectly. Termsuk by making the "Honesty Canteen" to build the honest value habituation of the students. Another effort that can be done is to integrate anti-corruption education in the subjects taught at school. In anti-corruption education must integrate three main domains, namely the domain of knowledge (cognitive), attitudes and behavior (affection), and skills (psychomotor). Implementation of anti-corruption education at the school level can use an integrative-inclusive strategy (inserted in existing subjects) and exclusive (special/individual subjects).
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Pujiono, Mhd, Murniati Br. Barus, Nelvita Nelvita, Vivi Adryani Nasution et Intan Erwani. « HAJI BUNKA : A CULTURAL APPROACH TO SUPPORT SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL DISTANCING POLICIES AGAINST THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC FOR STUDENTS AT THE FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION UNIVERSITAS HARAPAN MEDAN ». Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement) 7, no 4 (25 décembre 2021) : 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpkm.61935.
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Community service activities for students at the Faculty of Language and Communication, Universitas Harapan (FBK UNHAR) Medan to implement haji bunka towards social distancing policies amid the Covid-19 pandemic are an appropriate activity in providing an understanding of Japanese shame culture (haji bunka) for FBK UNHAR students and its implementation to prevent the spread of Covid-19. FBK UNHAR is a private higher education institution in Medan that faces challenges in implementing education on campus during the pandemic and the government's new normal performance. In this service, the team has conducted a socialization about the implementation of the haji bunka on campus, such as replacing handshakes with ojigi, wearing masks, classifying garbage, and other activities that can help prevent the spread of the coronavirus. Offline socialization activities were carried out through lecture methods and discussions with students. Following the socialization, the community service team and students agreed to incorporate the haji bunka into daily student activities on campus, as well as the protocol for implementing lectures if it is applied offline.
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Dadić, Katarina, Martina Horvat et Una Matea Mikulić. « Parent in Prison : Understanding the Child’s Needs in Educational Institutions ». Acta Paedagogica Vilnensia 49 (31 janvier 2023) : 174–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/actpaed.2022.49.12.
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The departure of a parent to serve a sentence of imprisonment affects the change of a family’s climate, which can be divided into three groups: (a) changes in daily life navigation and activity; (b) changes in parent-child relationships; and (c) changes in financial circumstances. The abrupt change that a child experiences can lead to the development of externalized and internalized behavioral problems, as well as changes in student academic achievement due to lack of motivation and concentration. Since the school is an educational institution that provides children with secondary socialization opportunities, it has an important role in supporting students whose parents are serving prison sentences. This paper presents research suggesting that stigmatizing students whose parents are in prison can bring shame, discomfort, and withdrawal to themselves. Considering that there are no clear suggestions on how the primary school should act when the parent goes to prison, the authors of this paper propose guidelines on minimizing the harmful consequences on socioemotional development and academic success of students whose parents go to prison.
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Shumba, Lilivale, Julia Mutambara et Chipo Hungwe. « Restoring Women’s Dignity Through Fistula Repairs : Exploring the Challenges and Coping Strategies of Zimbabwean Women ». MUSAS. Revista de Investigación en Mujer, Salud y Sociedad 7, no 2 (12 septembre 2022) : 81–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/musas2022.vol7.num2.5.
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Objective. This study identifies and analyses the impact of fistula repair towards the restoration of women’s dignity and their coping strategies or methods of adjustment to society. The study is critical given the negative effects of fistula on the identities of women and their loved ones. Materials And Methods. The study employed a qualitative case study which used purposive sampling to select participants for in-depth interviews with seven women (age range 17 to 42). Data were grouped into themes and analysed. Thematic analysis identified the main themes as; negative experience, stigma and positive coping strategies facilitating proper adjustment. Discussion And Conclusions. Social stigma continues even after surgery and is the major challenge that participants have to deal with daily affecting the level of integration into the community. It also threatened the extent to which fistula survivors can be perceived and perceive themselves as ‘dignified’. Participants faced mental health challenges like anger, sadness, depression, anxiety, stress and shame. However, participants acknowledged that through family support, empowerment programmes and community support, they were slowly getting back to their normal lives.
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Albuquerque, Flávia Michelle Pereira, Juliane Colpo, Nedisson Luis Gessi, Carine Eloise Zimermann, Camila Gabriele Câmara et Maria Da Graça Dias Da Costa Lyra. « O dia-a-dia de quem limpa a sujeira da Sociedade : Orgulho ou vergonha ? / The daily life of those who clean up the Society's dirt : Pride or shame ? » Brazilian Journal of Development 7, no 11 (24 novembre 2021) : 107973–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n11-430.
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Ramjattan, Andy, Lexley Pintoo Pereira et Sameer Dhingra. « UTILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF CURRENT ANIMAL MODELS OF DEPRESSION ». Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no 12 (1 décembre 2017) : 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i12.20811.
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Depression is one of the most debilitating medical conditions in the world today, yet its etiologies remain imprecise, and current treatments are not wholly helpful. Depression is more than just a feeling of sadness. Depression can affect the daily routine of an individual disrupting work, play, and overall ability to concentrate. People with depression usually experience a lack of interest and enjoyment in daily activities, notable weight loss or gain, sleeplessness or excessive sleeping, lack of energy, inability to concentrate, feelings of worthlessness or shame, and recurrent thoughts of suicide (diagnostic and statistical manual-V). It is projected to be the second leading cause of disability worldwide by 2020. It is estimated that depression currently affects 350 million people from around the world. There are a number of drugs of different pharmacological classes being used in the treatment of clinical depression. Animal models are indispensable tools in the search to identify new antidepressant drugs and to provide insights into the neuropathology that underlies the idiopathic disease state of depression. Animal models of depression can be used for a variety of purposes, including use as a tool for investigating aspects of the neurobiology and pathophysiology of depression, as an experimental model for studying the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs and for screening antidepressant activity. None of existing animal models currently fulfil the existing criteria for an ideal animal model, and therefore, demands an insight view of the existing models of depression. This article attempts to review the most widely used animal models and highlights their important features with respect to different pharmacological classes of antidepressant drugs.
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Omigbodun, Olayinka, Tolulope Bella-Awusah, Danielle Groleau, Jibril Abdulmalik, Nkechi Emma-Echiegu, Babatunde Adedokun et Akinyinka Omigbodun. « Perceptions of the psychological experiences surrounding female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) among the Izzi in Southeast Nigeria ». Transcultural Psychiatry 57, no 1 (23 décembre 2019) : 212–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461519893141.
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Evidence about psychological experiences surrounding female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) remains weak and inconclusive. This article is the first of a series that deploys qualitative methods to ascertain the psychological experiences associated with FGM/C through the lifecycle of women. Using the free listing method, 103 girls and women, aged 12 to 68 years from rural and urban Izzi communities in Southeastern Nigeria, produced narratives to articulate their perceptions of FGM/C. Sixty-one of them had undergone FGM/C while 42 had not. Data was analysed using thematic analysis and the emerging themes were related to experiences and disabilities in the psychological, physical, and social health domains. While physical experiences were mostly negative, psychological experiences emerged as both positive and negative. Positive experiences such as happiness, hopefulness, and improved self-esteem were commonly described in response to a rise in social status following FGM/C and relief from the stigma of not having undergone FGM/C. Less commonly reported were negative psychological experiences, e.g., shame when not cut, anxiety in anticipation of the procedure, and regret, sadness, and anger when complications arose from FGM/C. Some participants listed disruption of daily activities, chronic pain, and sleep and sexual difficulties occurring in the aftermath of FGM/C. Most participants did not list FGM/C as having a significant effect on their daily living activities. In light of the association of FGM/C with both positive and negative psychological experiences in the Izzi community, more in-depth study is required to enable policy makers and those campaigning for its complete eradication to rethink strategies and improve interventions.
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Hansen, Benjamin. « Bread in the Desert : The Politics and Practicalities of Food in Early Egyptian Monasticism ». Church History 90, no 2 (juin 2021) : 286–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640721001499.
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AbstractThe Apophthegmata Patrum (Sayings of the Desert Fathers) offer a compelling literary perspective on the daily lives of early Egyptian monastics. The routine necessities of food and drink played a distinct part in the physical and spiritual survival of these novel monastic communities. When, what, and how much a monk ate could cause celebration or scandal. Every meal was likewise a test. This study has two purposes. First, it situates the Sayings's many references to bread, salt, oil, and fruit within the dietary possibilities of late antique Egypt. Second, and more broadly, this study highlights the place of eating (or not eating) as it relates to particular monastic notions of spiritual wellbeing. Meals were always an arena for acts of heroic asceticism, but they also served as highly charged communal confrontations, a dizzying back and forth of hospitality received or rejected, of honor and shame played out in alimentary paradoxes. In this, the Sayings bear witness to the spiritual politics of eating within Egyptian monastic culture and provide insight into the formation of late antique religious identities, betraying fundamental tensions inherent in other forms of Christian literature.
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Stoll-Kleemann, Susanne, Susanne Nicolai et Philipp Franikowski. « Exploring the Moral Challenges of Confronting High-Carbon-Emitting Behavior : The Role of Emotions and Media Coverage ». Sustainability 14, no 10 (10 mai 2022) : 5742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14105742.
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In this article, we address the climate crisis as a moral issue and discuss the relevant moral and emotional processes and the role of the media underlying the motivations of individuals to behave in a less carbon-emitting manner. We provide theoretical insights from social psychology and emotion research and empirical data based on an online survey from Germany (N = 979). In the theoretical part, we outline the role of emotions in influencing carbon-related behavior, with a particular focus on self-condemning (e.g., guilt or shame), self-praising (e.g., pride), or other-suffering emotions (e.g., empathy). We further summarize the reasons for the low influence of the media on carbon-related behavior compared to the COVID-19 pandemic. The empirical results confirm that participants reported other- suffering and self-condemning emotions in response to news content and rated their likelihood of personal behavior change as high when confronted with news about the climate crisis on a daily basis, as has been widely the case during the COVID-19 pandemic. We argue that the media is responsible for regularly reporting on the victims of the climate crisis in order to generalize self-condemning and other-suffering emotions into affective attitudes. Opinion leaders can function as role models for low-carbon behavior.
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Malandrone, Francesca, Federica Bevilacqua, Mariagrazia Merola, Niccolò Gallio, Luca Ostacoli, Sara Carletto et Chiara Benedetto. « The Impact of Vulvar Cancer on Psychosocial and Sexual Functioning : A Literature Review ». Cancers 14, no 1 (23 décembre 2021) : 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14010063.
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Women who are diagnosed and treated for vulvar cancer are at higher risk of psychological distress, sexual dysfunction and dissatisfaction with partner relationships. The aim of this article is to provide a review of the psychological, relational and sexual issues experienced by women with vulvar cancer in order to highlight the importance of this issue and improve the quality of care offered to these patients. A review of the literature was performed using PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library. The results are presented as a narrative synthesis and highlight the massive impact of vulvar cancer: depressive and anxiety symptoms were more frequent in these women, and vulvar cancer may have a negative effect on sexuality from a physical, psychological and behavioural point of view. Factors that may negatively affect these women’s lives are shame, insecurity or difficulties in self-care and daily activities. This review highlights the psychosocial and psychosexual issues faced by women diagnosed and treated for vulvar cancer, although more studies are needed to better investigate this field of interest and to identify strategies to relieve their psychological distress. Care providers should implement an integrated care model to help women with vulvar cancer recognise and address their unmet needs.