Thèses sur le sujet « Czech language – Grammar »
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1
Hana, Jiri. « Czech clitics in higher order grammar ». Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1188232919.
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Meyer, Roland. « VP-fronting in Czech and Polish : a case study in corpus-oriented grammar research ». Universität Potsdam, 2005. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/866/.
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Fronting of an infinite VP across a finite main verb-akin to German
"VP-topicalization"-can be found also in Czech and Polish. The paper discusses evidence from large corpora for this process and some of its properties, both syntactic and information-structural.
Based on this case, criteria for more user-friedly searching and retrieval of corpus data in syntactic research are being developed.
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Zaal, Frida. « Attitudes towards Grammar Teaching : According to One Czech and Five Swedish Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages ». Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för humaniora (HUM), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-23932.
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The principal aim of this study was to investigate what grammar is taught by Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) in both Swedish compulsory school (years 6-9) and upper secondary school (gymnasiet), how it is taught and why. Further questions investigated what research TESOL base their teaching on, what their attitudes are in relation to the relevant curriculum, and what research into grammar teaching (e.g. approaches and methods) has revealed. The study also examined the Swedish National Agency of Education’s views on grammar teaching. Six interviews were conducted with five teachers of English to speakers of other languages working in Swedish schools, and one Czech teacher of English to speakers of other languages working at an international school. The findings were evaluated against research into grammar teaching. Although the Swedish National Agency of Education recommends that school years 6-9 should include an explicit focus on grammar, it does not specify exactly what should be taught. At upper secondary level, teaching grammar is not mentioned at all in the main syllabus. As the only reference to it is buried in the accompanying detailed explanatory notes, teachers tend to interpret the English syllabus differently. Consequently, the syllabus does not encourage equal educational opportunities. Despite the Agency’s vague recommendations, five out of the six teachers in this study do teach grammar and believe it to be a key to language learning. However, the methods used by the five Swedish teachers in this study do not appear to be research informed, and three of them rely heavily on the textbook producers’ choice of grammatical items to focus on. On the other hand, the teacher in the international school clearly uses methods that are research informed. One of the problems appears to be that the teachers in Sweden do not have easy access to current research findings that are comprehensive and non-conflicting, neither during their time at university nor in their working life.
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Feldman, Anna. « Portable language technology a resource-light approach to morpho-syntactic tagging / ». Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1153344391.
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Beneš, Vojtěch. « Syntaktický analyzátor pro český jazyk ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236022.
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Master’s thesis describes theoretical basics, solution design, and implementation of constituency (phrasal) parser for Czech language, which is based on a part of speech association into phrases. Created program works with manually built and annotated Czech sample corpus to generate probabilistic context free grammar within runtime machine learning. Parser implementation, based on extended CKY algorithm, then for the input Czech sentence decides if the sentence can be generated by the created grammar and for the positive cases constructs the most probable derivation tree. This result is then compared with the expected parse to evaluate constituency parser success rate.
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KAMENÍK, Josef. « Přechodníkové konstrukce v barokních textech ». Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-174509.
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The topic of this diploma thesis is an analysis of the baroque period's transgressives. Both the contemporary norm relative to the transgressives and its theoretical reflexion are observed on the base of five grammar writings from the given historic age. An obtained knowledge is then compared with a material excerpted from the writings corresponding to their date of origin during the period in baroque. The oldest of these scholarly writings is "Mappa katolická" by Jiří Plachý, followed by "Kronika klattovská" written by Jan Florián Hammerschmid and a late baroque polemic "Obzvláštné pravdy náboženství katholického" by Jan Hubálek. In this thesis, the transgressives are examined from both phonological and morphological point of view, but the greatest emphasis is placed on problematic facets, such as the gender congruence, the aspect of source verb and the transgressives' meaning derived from the primal participles. The diploma thesis sets its goal to describe the state of baroque transgressives and their using in contemporary literature as exactly as possible. Beside of these, it aims to specify the trend, on which end is the current wither of these grammatical forms.
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Fiyalka, Svitlana. « Kognitivní předpoklady interferenčních jevů v rovině gramatiky v situaci rusko-českého individuálního bilingvismu ». Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390032.
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The thesis shows the approaches of cognitive grammar to the description and analysis of case category's functioning in Czech and Russian languages. Attention is limited to the cognitive grammar as it interpreted by American linguist R. Langacker. Cognitive researches on Slavic languages by L. Janda are also crucial for this diploma. From this point of view the thesis's author studies the interferential phenomena which are typical for Russian-language speakers when they use the Czech language. In other words, by means of conceptual apparatus relevant to cognitive grammar author explains the different use of case category in both these languages. Keywords Cognitive grammar, case, interference, Czech language, Russian language
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Wagner, Peter. « Gramatika severozápadní olaštiny (lovárštiny) ». Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-307978.
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The descriptive grammar analyzes the North West variety of Lovari, i.e. the Hungarized Vlax dialect of Romani. The analysis is based upon fieldwork recordings and upon few written texts. The study presents the delimitation against related varieties and dialects, the sociolinguistic situation of the speakers, phonetics, phonology, phonetic alteration, and an overview of relevant grammatical categories. One chapter is dedicated to nominal and verbal morphology, to the use of forms, word formation and morphology of the preposition. The chapter on syntax describes non-morphological onomasiology, the structure of the noun phrase, presents frequent adverbs and modal, aspect, and discourse particles. The chapter on syntax continues with the clause structure, sentence types, the word order mechanisms, subordination and coordination. From a typological viewpoint, the language of the study is flective, employing several nominal and verbal inflectional classes, and agglutinative with respect to several morphological classes, such as case and tense marking. It is fusional in a sense, that number is cumulatively coded together with other features, with gender in nominal inflection, and with person in verbal inflection.
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Frontzová, Kateřina. « Specifika výuky češtiny pro řecké rodilé mluvčí ». Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-353822.
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(English) This master thesis deals with specific approach to Greek native speakers whilst teaching Czech as foreign language. On the basis of typological comparison of Czech with Modern Greek it seeks similarities and differences between those two languages and draws conclusions for teaching. This paper also concerns with concepts of grammar, teaching methods and presentation of selected grammatical categories from the didactics point of view. The practical part of the thesis proceeds from the research focused on Modern Greek verbal system and suggests that one of the alternatives how to teach the category of aspect to Greek native speakers is using temporal-aspectual markers. The purpose of this thesis is to provide Czech teachers with linguodidactic recommendations facilitating teaching students of Greek origin.
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KUTLÁKOVÁ, Michala. « Čeština jako cizí jazyk. Modifikovaný lingvistický popis vybraných gramatických kategorií češtiny ». Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-187493.
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The goal of this dissertation is to propose and develop theoretical linguistic basis for the branch of Czech as a foreign language. Specifically, it deals with the complex linguistic description of Czech grammar in the function of a foreign language, which would introduce a theoretical solution for the processing of didactic grammars of Czech for foreigners. This description is supposed to provide such a range of linguistic information, which depending on the purpose, enables the variable processing of language structures and simultaneously clarifying the relationships and connections between them. Above mentioned linguistic description of Czech as a foreign language is focused on a specific group of non-native speakers, in our case, a group of non-native speakers, whose mother tongue is German. As it is a model process of description in this dissertation, the attention is only paid to the selected grammatical categories of Czech, namely the grammatical category of the genitive of substantives and verbal aspect. The issue of the description of the grammar of a natural language is initially discussed in general terms, in the part where we define the types of grammars that are relevant to our work. Subsequently we characterize both languages, i.e. Czech and German, in the terms of their differentiation, stratification and typological point of view. The particular linguistic description and its model application, which is the core of this work, is called a modified linguistic description with the reference to Dolník J. (1993). This description is based on five sources. These are the theoretical works of leading Czech and Slovak linguists, dealing with the issue of natural language and works describing Czech grammar. Further starting points for the proposed comprehensive description of Czech grammar is to define particular reference levels according to SERR for Czech as a foreign language, a research unit focused on the target group of non-native speakers and their perception of the difficulties of Czech grammatical phenomena, and last but not least, the research probe carried out in the particular corpora of the Czech National Corpus.
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Zajícová, Karolína. « Komparace vyučování českého jazyka na tradiční a alternativní střední škole ». Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-354070.
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The thesis compares methods and forms of Czech language teaching at secondary grammar school and Waldorf lycée. The first part deals with the theoretical basis of traditional and alternative education, whereas the second part focuses on their practical implementation as methods and forms of work. The observed lessons are analysed and the results of traditional and alternative approach are contrasted by a test. The aim is to ascertain whether the alternative school implements its principles into methods and forms of language teaching and whether they are more effective than the traditional ones. The thesis concludes that the alternative school implements only a few aspects of alternative education resulting in more active and engaged pupils. The results of the test imply that both schools are comparable in terms of language knowledge. KEYWORDS teaching Czech language, syntax, upper-secondary school, grammar school, waldorf lycée
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Timofeev, Dmitriy. « Jazyk českých knih historiografických zápisků "dlouhého" 18. století ». Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-389822.
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Keywords "Long" 18th century; 18th century; Baroque; Enlightenment; Czech National Revival; history of Czech language; development of Czech language; Czech language in the Baroque period; Czech language in the times of the Czech National Revival; Czech language in the "long" 18th century; manuscript; scribe's usage; cultural Czech language; books of historiographic records; historiography; "folk chronicles"; gramatography; grammar books; Baroque stylistics; Baroque rhetoric; history of spelling; development of spelling; history of phonetics; development of phonetics; history of morphology; development of morphology; development of the lexis; Chlumec nad Cidlinou; Kutná Hora; Milčice; Nové Strašecí; Pelhřimov; Roudnice nad Labem; František Šolc; Vojtěch Kegler; František Jan Vavák; Filip Ignác Dremsa; Antonín Štěpán; Vojtěch Jílek; Václav Preinhelter. Abstract The traditional view describing Czech literary works written in the period from the late 17th century to the end of 18th century as signs of decline in the level of Czech language and literature has been successfully overcome by linguists over the past few decades. However, most papers covering the topic were focused on prints; handwritten sources are being analysed marginally and unsystematically. The aim of this dissertation is to provide a more...
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Jehlička, Jakub. « Gestikulace a eventuálnost : mezijazyková studie ». Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-448824.
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Mluvčí typologicky odlišných jazyků volí různé strategie při popisu stejné události v závislosti na dostupných jazykově-specifických gramatických prostředcích. Tyto strategie se projevují např. různými způsoby konceptualizace událostních rámců bě- hem jazykového vyjádření, ale v nejazykové kognici. Jedním z jevů, které byly v této souvislosti zaznemány, jsou jazykově specifické způsoby gestikulace doprovázející mluvené popisy událostí, které reflektují (či manifestují) tělesně ukotvená konceptuál- ní schémata, na nichž naše vnímání událostí stojí. Tématem této práce je multimodální konstruování (construal) událostí v češtině a v angličtině. Konkrétně se práce zaměřuje na spojitosti mezi formálními rysy gest (způsob pohybu a jeho zakončení) a sémantické rysy, které konstituují tzv. aspektuální kontury událostí (konstruování časového a kvalitativního průběhu události). První část prezentovaného výzkumu tvoří analýza materiálu z českého a anglického multimodální korpusu. Oba použité korpusy obsahují nahrávky spontánních pro- jevů v interakcích zachycených během pracovních jednání v akademickém prostředí. Kvantitativní analýzy (metoda tzv. klasifikačních stromů a náhodných lesů) ukázala, že a) v angličtině je významným prediktorem výskytu gest s rysem ukončenosti aktion- sartová kategorie achievement...
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Šimková, Mária. « Častice v slovenčine a v češtine. Systémová a korpusovolingvistická analýza ». Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-351021.
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The youngest word class type used to arouse great interest and discussions when entering the grammar; in some countries (e. g. in Germany) particles have been an object of systematic research. However, many other languages still lack a complex description of particles as a class on its own - they represent an appropriate material also for comparative researches. Differences in functioning and theoretical treatment of particles have been present in typologically different languages but they can emerge also in related languages, even in the case of Slovak and Czech. Lexicographical and grammar descriptions of these languages provide only small sets of particles (in Slovak roughly amounting to 400, in Czech exceeding 200) and are usually divided by authors into small groups and further on into even smaller subgroups. Due to specific features as well as to paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations with other language or speech phenomena even one particle or a couple of them or a narrowly defined group of particles can become an object of individual scientific and research projects. Step by step, our thesis presents the development of attitudes towards particles as an independent word class in general and in Russian linguistics in particular, grammar descriptions of particles in Slovak, Czech and other...
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Doležalová, Eliška. « František Trávníček, osobnost a dílo ( se zvláštním přihlédnutím k jeho aktivitám lingvodidaktickým ) ». Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-326644.
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Résumé This thesis deals with the personality and also with the work of Frantisek Travnicek, an important Czech linguist living between the years 1888 and 1961. Firstly, his life is briefly outlined, secondly this personality is introduced as an influential linguist of Czech Studies, as well as a long-time university official and teacher. His post-war political activities in the Communist Party are also mentioned. The thesis is focused on the works of Travnicek with a particular respect to his linguodidactic activities. One part is dedicated to his scientific writings and takes the cultural and historical context into account. This part summarises his considerably extensive and thematically varied work. Five essential areas of linguistics were defined (grammar, historical grammar, phonetics, phonology, word-formation and dialectology) which were much enriched by Travnicek. Nevertheless, there is a mention of some work which is of the kind that is impossible to label with any category listed, or the work which is represented in each category just by several writings. Finally, the influence on Travnicek's scientific activity is touched upon. The last and crucial part of the thesis tackles Travnicek's linguodidactic activities with respect to the context of the particular period. Concerning the topics of the...
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Dvořáková, Jana. « K interferenci češtiny, ruštiny a angličtiny v jazykové výuce ». Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-312287.
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The thesis deals with second language acquisition (SLA) of Czech in Russian and English students. It presents the main theories of SLA (generative and cognitive approaches) and compares them to the results of author's research into L2 acquisition of Czech morphology and syntax in speakers of two typologically and structurally different mothertongues. It shows that language transfer plays an important role in SLA and that some of the generative assumptions about SLA that are claimed to apply universally cannot be proven for Czech.
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Valková, Jarmila. « Komunikační přístup k vyučování druhého jazyka v současných učebnicích češtiny pro cizince ». Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-328183.
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The Communicative Approach to Second Language Teaching in Current Textbooks of Czech for Foreigners Jarmila Valková Abstract The general part of the thesis reviews the background, current understanding and key principles of the Communicative Approach to second language teaching with regard to their foundation in the Direct Oral Method. The objective, usual teaching techniques and textbook components of Communicative Language Teaching are compared to the ones used in the Grammar-Translation Method to show the essential difference between the direct and indirect language approaches to language acquisition and their implications for the character of textbook components. The research part of the thesis examines selected textbooks of Czech as a second language which are supposed to epitomise the following tendencies in the area of contemporary writing of textbooks of Czech for foreigners: a) consistent use of the strategies and textbook components based on the Grammar- Translation Method, b) eclectic application of Grammar-Translation strategies and components together with certain features of the Communicative Approach, c) coherent implementation of the Communicative Approach with related techniques and textbook components. Existence of the above mentioned tendencies in current textbooks of Czech as a second...