Articles de revues : « Czech fiction, history and criticism »

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Motornyi, Andrii. « CZECH WRITER ALEXEJ PLUDEK IN LETTERS TO UKRAJINIAN SCHOLAR VOLODYMYR MOTORNYI ». Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, n^o 12(80) (23 décembre 2021) : 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2021-12(80)-109-112.

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Personal letters of the Czech writer, of the middle of the second half of the twentieth century Alexej Pludek (1923–2002) to the Ukrainian scholar-slavist, literary scholar, professor of Lviv University Volodymyr Motornyi (1929-2015) are presented in this work. The issues, given in the letters are considered on the background of the specifics of the development of the literary process in Czechoslovakia in so-called “normalization period”. There are also issues related to the creation of individual works by the Czech writer and further evaluation of them by Czechoslovak and foreign literary criticism. Problems related to the history of the creation of individual works of the Czech prose writer and their subsequent assessments by Czechoslovak and foreign literary critics are also covered. Special attention is paid to the place of Serbo-Lusatian themes both in V. Motornyi's literary studies and in A. Pludek's literary work. The presented letters cover the 70s – 90s of the last century, which were the period of particularly active socio-political and creative activity of Alexei Pludek. Alexei Pludek, whose literary debut took place in the 1940s, was a Czech writer, politician, playwriter, editor and public figure whose works were especially popular in the 1970s and 1980s. The author is known primarily for his novels on historical themes, as well as works in the genre of science fiction. Volodymyr Motornyi (1929–2015) was a Ukrainian scholar, professor of Slavic philology at National Ivan Franko University of Lviv, author of numerous works on Czech and Serbo-Lusatian literature as well as on Czech-Ukrainian, Lusatian-Ukrainian and Czech-Lusatian literary and cultural ties.

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Tymoshchuk, N. « "They Did not Know How to Build Their Own State, so They Were in Someone Else's Hands" : Artistic Concept of the Liberation Struggle of the Ukrainian People in the Leonid Poltava Novel "Above the Blue Black Sea" ». Вісник Житомирського державного університету імені Івана Франка. Філологічні науки, n^o 1(87) (13 mai 2018) : 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/philology.1(87).2018.158-161.

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The peculiarities of the artistic modeling of historical reality of 1917–1920 by Leonid Poltava in the novel "Above the blue Black Sea" are considered in the article, the specificity of the artistic text is also clarified by the researcher. The novel "Above the blue Black Sea" Leonid Poltava is unfairly left out of contemporary literary criticism in the scientific Ukrainian space. The main plot is the events of the Civil War period in Ukraine, Turkey, Bulgaria and the Czech Republic. Leonid Poltava has systematically analyzed the causes of the failure of the Central Council and its allies; he is sure that they have created the conditions for "soviet" totalitarianism and the embodiments of the Bolsheviks basic principle the devide et impera in life. The author has used two approaches to realizing his plan; they are a research and aesthetic ones; Leonid Poltava has skillfully combined historical facts and literature, science and art. The prevailing place in the large gallery of characters is occupied by historical figures, representatives of various warring camps (Hetman Skoropadskyi, Symon Petliura, Troitskyi, Nestor Makhno, Kutiepov, etc.). It is, of course, determined by the specifics of the genre. In our opinion, all the fictional characters, episodes from their lives are closely linked to the historical specifics of the first decades of the twentieth century. They give the novel a significant artistic value. Leonid Poltava recreated the image of the whole people in the documentary-historical concretization of being through every "non-historical" personality, human destiny, action and moral position. The work is characterized by an objective third-form narrative; such a narrative causes the reader to experience the self-deployment of the narrative, the absence of any biased considerations. In conclusion, Leonid Poltava skillfully recreated the civil war as a historical reality, modeled the political, social, cultural and mental processes of that days in the novel "Above the blue Black Sea". The writer studied its nature in detail, investigating the behavior of the masses as the main creator of history in the turbulent age of 1917-1920. Of course, the author was not a direct witness of these terrible events, but the artistic means reminded compatriots of these liberation burials. Now the work of Leonid Poltava has become extremely relevant, the problems raised by the author are close to modern Ukrainians.

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Roberts, R. « American Science Fiction and Contemporary Criticism ». American Literary History 22, n^o 1 (20 novembre 2009) : 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajp048.

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Gimadeev, Timur. « The feedback on the Slavophile theory of the Hussite movement in the Czech non-fiction historical literature (before 1918) ». Slavic Almanac, n^o 1-2 (2019) : 46–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2019.1-2.1.03.

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This article deals with the reflection of Czech historians and political writers on the works of Russian Slavophilehistorians about the Hussite movement. The apologists of the Slavophile concept (such as P. Novikov and A. Th. Hilferding) defended the idea of the succession between Orthodoxy and the Hussite movement, supposing that Orthodoxy was brought to Czechia by Cyril and Methodius. This conception remained highly unpopular among the Czech authors. The professional Czech historians, such as J. Kalousek and J. Goll indicated that the information on such continuity is first found in the sources only starting from the mid-16th century, and noted that the communion in both forms was also spread in the West. The Czech authors that were studying the Russian Thought of the 19th century, such as P. Durdík and J. Perwolf, saw this concept as a mere transplantation of the contemporary Slavophile ideology into the past. The Catholic authors headed by A. Lenzrevealed numerous differences between the Hussite and Orthodox creeds.It was only J. V. Kalaš to advocate the Slavophile concepts, but this was caused by his uncritical acceptance of Russian Slavophile literature. The rest of the Czech authors were united in the criticism of the Slavophile publications that was caused by the national solidarity of the Czech intelligentsia and by the weak academic grounds of this theory.

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Forsdick, C. « Postcolonial Criticism : History, Theory, and the Work of Fiction ». Comparative Literature 58, n^o 3 (1 janvier 2006) : 263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/-58-3-263.

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Syrotinski, Michael. « Postcolonial Criticism : History, Theory and the Work of Fiction ». French Studies 60, n^o 3 (1 juillet 2006) : 418–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/knl067.

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Green, Alison. « ‘A Supreme Fiction’ : Michael Fried and Art Criticism ». Journal of Visual Culture 16, n^o 1 (avril 2017) : 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470412917700931.

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One of the striking aspects of the trenchant legacy of Michael Fried’s ‘Art and Objecthood’ is its status as a piece of art criticism. Widely perceived as difficult and personal, philosophical and explicatory, doxa or sermon, the essay stands out. To explore its singularity, this article compares Fried’s conception of the period criticism of 18th-century French painting in his book Absorption and Theatricality: Painting and Beholder in the Age of Diderot (1980) and the method of criticism enacted in ‘Art and Objecthood’ (1967) which he saw as connected. The author pursues this and other crossings between Fried’s art historical writings and art criticism, tracking it to an extended endnote in Fried’s Menzel’s Realism: Art and Embodiment in Nineteenth-Century Berlin (2002). ‘Art and Objecthood’ is a key essay in this story aimed at Fried’s thinking about criticism, its history, theory and practice. Doing this matters because it puts the critic in a particular relation to art and to Fried’s idea of an ‘ontologically prior relationship between painting and the beholder’.

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DESIREE ROBERT, JENNA. « POSTCOLONIAL CRITICISM IN SABAH : A REVIEW ». BORNEO AKADEMIKA 5, n^o 1 (1 juin 2021) : 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/ba/v5i1/49882.

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Sabah, formerly known as North Borneo during the period of British colonisation from 1888- 1963 produced many texts about the British presence and their activities on the island. This review highlights that the post-war studies especially Sabah’s colonial literature is the missing link to its alternative history. Colonial literature has left its legacy in the form of history, anthropology and art but also in the textual and literary representations of Sabah through a western lens. The critique of colonial fiction and non-fiction texts in former colonies in Malaya and Sarawak have paved the way for critical examination and commentary on the modes of representation of the indigenous and immigrants. This review discusses the highlights of postcolonial criticism in Malaysia. It briefly introduces some of the issues about postcolonial criticism in Sabah and its potential.

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Zimra, Clarisse. « Postcolonial Criticism : History, Theory and the Work of Fiction (review) ». MFS Modern Fiction Studies 50, n^o 3 (2004) : 798–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mfs.2004.0093.

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Van Dongen, Richard. « Non-fiction, History, and Literary Criticism in the Fifth Grade ». Children's Literature Association Quarterly 12, n^o 4 (1987) : 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chq.0.0343.

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Charypar, Michal. « Conceptualizing Literary History : A Survey of Poetics in Czech Fiction 1860–1910 (Part One) ». Bohemistyka 23, n^o 3 (28 août 2023) : 394–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/bo.2023.3.15.

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The article provides an innovative model of poetics (or isms, styles, etc.) in Czech prose in the latter half of the long 19th century. It gives an overview of seven individualized and mutually distinct poetics, including ideal, analytical, and psychological realisms, Parnassism, naturalism, impressionism, and decadence. The individual poetics do not represent periods, but exist in parallel, allowing confrontations and intersections either within the author's work or in a specific text, as in the model of Czech literature developed by Dalibor Tureček in the past decade. They are always set in the context of European literature and supported by many illustrative examples. The model is not only typological, but also assumes a diachronic perspective, which can be developed in future scholarly work on the history of Czech literature. The aim is to create a system that can potentially be applied not only to Czech fiction, but possibly also to poetry or drama, in other periods and literatures. Part One of the article concentrates on a general overview and on ideal and analytical realisms.

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MacKenzie, Robin. « Approaches to Teaching Proust's Fiction and Criticism ». French Studies 59, n^o 4 (1 octobre 2005) : 567–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/kni242.

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Pynsent, Robert B. « Václav Havel : A Heart in the Right Place ». East European Politics and Societies : and Cultures 32, n^o 2 (28 février 2018) : 334–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325417752252.

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The author looks at Havel’s The Power of the Powerless in the context of Czech twentieth-century political fiction and the criticism that his writing and political activity has received. He also introduces other works, essays and plays, by the author that aid the assessment of statements made in The Power of the Powerless. The last quarter of the article discusses Havel and New Age ideas and endeavors to look at The Power of the Powerless in that light, but also to understand how a person who argued most of his life against the elements of ochlocracy in his own country could in spiritual matters become something of an ochlocrat himself.

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Burger, Willie. « Historiese korrektheid en historiese fiksie : ’n respons ». Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 52, n^o 2 (17 février 2015) : 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tvl.v52i2.6.

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Historical correctness and historical fiction: a responseIn this article the relationship between history and fiction is examined in response to the historian, Fransjohan Pretorius’s criticism of recent Afrikaans fiction about the Anglo-Boer War in Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 52.2 (2015). The intricate relationship between history and fiction is examined by pointing, on the one hand to the problematic of the relationship between history and the past and on the one hand, to the difference between fiction and history. The function of aesthetic illusion, verisimilitude and conceptions of reference is investigated theoretically before turning to the specific novels that Pretorius discusses. The article shows that historical fiction cannot be restricted to novelized versions of accepted history, but that historical fiction also reminds the reader that the past is always culturally mediated and that the primary aim of novels is not to represent the past but to examine aspects of human existence. A comparison between fiction and history can therefore not be used as a norm to assess novels.

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León, Angelo, et Fernanda Badilla. « After Hegel : A postmodern genealogy of historical fiction ». Filozofija i drustvo 35, n^o 2 (2024) : 299–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid2402299n.

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In this article, we analyze a possible form of the relationship between modernity and postmodernity by examining the transformation of the place of enunciation of criticism as a philosophical narrative and using it as a historical and philosophical criterion. To achieve this, we first focus on key moments in the critical discourse of modernity, and then analyze the role of Kantian criticism in the formation of a postmodern imaginary associated with the notions of useful fiction and linguistification. Finally, from a Hegelian perspective, we consider the validity of the idea of universal history and its connections to emancipatory narratives.

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David, Jaroslav, et Tereza Klemensová. « Still having a conflict potential ? German and Hungarian toponyms in the Czech and Slovak national corpora texts ». Miscellanea Geographica 23, n^o 3 (31 juillet 2019) : 158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2019-0005.

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Abstract The paper focuses on German forms of place names in Czechia and Slovakia, and Hungarian forms of place names in Slovakia, especially on their revitalization and perception after 1989. This concerns their thematization, which is illustrated on the Czech National Corpus and the Slovak National Corpus materials, and on the 1990s discussions about their restoration. German place-name forms are not considered to be a crucial political topic these days; however, Hungarian forms still represent a conflict potential. German forms in Czechia are only thematized in poetry and fiction books, in order to evoke lasting time and the complicated modern Czech history. On the other hand, they are predominantly used in trade names as a marketing tool aimed at German (localization function) and Czech customers (allusive function). In Slovakia, Hungarian forms are not used in marketing and are not thematized in fiction as a positive value connected with the national history.

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O’Malley, Maria. « Taking the Domestic View in Hawthorne’s Fiction ». New England Quarterly 88, n^o 4 (décembre 2015) : 657–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tneq_a_00494.

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Shifting the emphasis within feminist criticism from the act of speech to the act of hearing, this article argues that, in The Scarlet Letter, The House of the Seven Gables, and Blithedale Romance, Nathaniel Hawthorne reveals how the public sphere depends on the voices of dispossessed women even as it attempts to silence them.

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Zhang, Zhehui. « A Post-Colonial Approach to The Man Who Ended History : A Documentary ». English Language and Literature Studies 10, n^o 2 (16 avril 2020) : 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v10n2p53.

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The Man Who Ended History: A Documentary is a science fiction by Chinese American science fiction writer Ken Liu (1976-). Based on the theory of Post-Colonial Criticism, this paper makes a concrete analysis of the text from the perspectives of three eminent contemporary theorists, aiming at the readers’ better understanding of the work, and eliminating ethnocentrism, racism, unilateralism and hegemony; keeping history in mind and justifying the names of innocent humans who have been persecuted; safeguarding world peace, and building a community with a shared future for mankind.

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Cooper, David L. « Competing Languages of Czech Nation-Building : Jan Kollár and the Melodiousness of Czech ». Slavic Review 67, n^o 2 (2008) : 301–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0037677900023548.

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In the modern era, the institution of literature is being reconceived across Europe as a national institution. But the new paradigm of national literatures requires a remaking of literary discourse, including the transformation of critical terminology, and this results in literary discourse becoming politicized. By analyzing the history of the term libozvučnost (melodiousness) in the Czech national literary revival, David L. Cooper demonstrates how this seemingly innocent literary term became a political lightening rod for friends pursuing the same national program. This strongly suggests that, in the formative era of national literatures, using literary issues to discuss politics is not simply a matter of instrumentalizing literary criticism for covert political activity but that discussing literary values is directly political. The example of libozvučnost also reveals how the “borrowed“ discourses of Romanticism and nationalism were fundamentally remade to respond to the modern Czech situation.

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Ksenofontova, Alexandra. « Towards an Interdisciplinary Approach to Time in Fiction ». KronoScope 23, n^o 1 (31 mai 2023) : 86–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685241-bja10008.

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Abstract The paper surveys five major perspectives on studying time in fiction: narratology, history of temporal regimes, temporal pluralism, aesthetics of time, and politics of time. It argues that these approaches have so far remained largely unintegrated, leading to a separation between areas of literary criticism that are in reality closely linked. In particular, some approaches separate time as subject from time as the principal element of narratives. Some approaches disregard the transhistorical plurality of temporal experiences, while others turn a blind eye to larger historical changes in the perception of time. Finally, some scholars choose to focus only on temporal aesthetics, while others explore only the fictional politics of time. Scrutinizing these three schisms of studying time in literary criticism, the paper argues for a re-integrated approach that accommodates insights from various disciplines and adopts a broader perspective on time and temporality in fiction.

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Kambon, Ọbádélé Bakari, et Lwanga Songsore. « Fiction vs. Evidence : A Critical Review of Ataa Ayi Kwei Armah’s Wat Nt Shemsw and the Eurasian Rhetorical Ethic ». African and Asian Studies 20, n^o 1-2 (27 avril 2021) : 124–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341486.

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Abstract At the 2018 Outstanding African Thinkers Conference on Nna Chinweizu, attendees – the first author included – took a pledge that “In all branches of our lives, we must be capable of criticizing and of accepting criticism. But criticism, proof of the willingness of others to help us or of our willingness to help others, must be complemented by self-criticism – proof of our own willingness to help ourselves to improve our thoughts and our actions. This is a sacred principle and it is my sacred duty to apply and defend it at all costs” (Chinweizu 2018). In response to that call to action, this article represents an effort to restore MꜢꜤt ‘Maat.’ Ataa Ayi Kwei Armah’s Wat Nt Shemsw: The Way of Companions epitomizes undeclared fiction masquerading as an accurate reflection of the mythology of classical Kmt ‘Land of Black People.’ By cross-checking Ataa Armah’s undeclared fiction with actual historical, iconographical, and archaeological data, we are able to debunk his numerous misrepresentations. We find that the best way to approach Kmt ‘Land of Black People’ is through direct engagement with actual evidence rather than through the distortions of fiction writers turned Egyptologists. Further, we will address the personality cult, or what we term “Ataa Armah’s Manor Shemsw model,” which embodies the rhetorical ethic whereby all egalitarians are equal, but some egalitarians are more equal than others (Orwell, Baker, and Woodhouse 1996).

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Shaytanov, I. O. « History of Russian translations of fiction in 1800–1825 ». Voprosy literatury, n^o 6 (8 décembre 2023) : 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2023-6-174-179.

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The research is presented in the form close to a fundamentally annotated bibliography demonstrating how European literary experience was advanced in the first quarter of the 19th c. in Russia at the time when contemporary Russian literature was being shaped. Six parts are devoted successively to French, German, English, Italian, Spanish, and classical literatures. The major aspects of research are outlined in an extensive foreword (E. Dmitrieva, M. Koreneva). Highlights include: Comparative analysis of the international contacts of Russian literature; a new interest in the novel, the genre that manifested a new literary taste; publishing and the audience in Russia compared to other European cultures; the birth of literary criticism on the margins of rhetoric; the evolution of a literary taste where gallomania was being substituted by anglo- and germanophilia; the change in the forms of contacts from imitation to stylization in accordance with the formula suggested by Konstantin Batyushkov ‘The stranger’s treasure is mine.’

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Ge, Liangyan. « The Mythic Stone inHonglou mengand an Intertext of Ming-Qing Fiction Criticism ». Journal of Asian Studies 61, n^o 1 (février 2002) : 57–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2700189.

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Until very recently, much of the literary scholarship on the eighteenth-century Chinese novelHonglou meng(The Story of the StoneorDream of the Red Chamber) was centered on what was seen as the autobiographical nature of the work. Critics of the novel, especially those in China, tended to focus their attention on the life of the author, Cao Xueqin (d. 1763), believing the interpretation of the novel to be—to a large extent—hinged on a successful reconstruction of Cao Xueqin's familial relationships, especially with those members of the Cao clan such as Red Inkstone (Zhiyanzhai) who were the original audience of his manuscript. Yet, any literary work—even a truly autobiographical one—arises from its tradition. Its meaning will be better understood and its aesthetic values better appreciated when we consider it in relation to other works in that tradition. For our interpretation ofHonglou meng, what is more pertinent is therefore not the author's personal ties tohisrelatives but the ties of the novel toits“relatives,” works that formed the literary context for its creation.

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Drozdova, Daria N. « Francis Bacon, Between Myth and History ». Epistemology & ; Philosophy of Science 58, n^o 3 (2021) : 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eps202158339.

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Over the last 400 years, attitudes toward Francis Bacon's philosophy have changed considerably: the 17-century interest and the 18-century enthusiasm have been replaced by the 20-century criticism and reevaluation. However, both the praise and the rejection of the Lord Chancellor’s philosophical ideas often originate from the isolation and absolutization of particular features of his philosophy that can sometimes be in opposition to each other. These partial readings are justified by the fact that the reference to Bacon’s methodological and epistemological legacy has a symbolic meaning and is part of what is called “image of science” in Y. Elkana’s terminology. The way in which references to Bacon are used at different times and in different contexts is, in fact, a functional myth or theoretical fiction (I. Kasavin) in which the “historical Bacon” is fading away and what emerges is important and meaningful to those who declare themselves his followers or who lash out at him with criticism.

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Zehnalová, Jitka. « Digital Data for the Sociology of Translation and the History of Translation ». AUC PHILOLOGICA 2023, n^o 2 (30 mai 2024) : 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/24646830.2023.23.

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The study explores the interconnected topics of interdisciplinarity and the use of digital data in research on (literary) translation. Interdisciplinarity is conceived as cooperation between translation studies and other fields of study, specifically with sociology, history and digital humanities, i.e. as an “import” to translation studies, pointing simultaneously to its potential for research in other fields, i.e. an “export” from translation studies. The main goal is to demonstrate the use of digital data (data obtained from online, publicly available, bibliographic databases on national and international levels) in translation research in terms of possibilities and limits. The analyses conducted verify the un/reliability of the UNESCO Index Translationum data sets by comparing them with results obtained from the databases of the National Library of the Czech Republic. As “byproducts”, these analyses produce surveys of fiction authors most frequently translated from Czech (into English, French, German, and Russian) and into Czech (from English). Several examples from our research exemplify the application of data sets extracted from the databases of the National Library and a qualitatively higher level of use of this data source is suggested.

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Collinge, James T. « ‘With envious eyes’ : Rabbit-poaching and class conflict in H. G. Wells’s The Time Machine and The Island of Doctor Moreau ». Literature & ; History 26, n^o 1 (mai 2017) : 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306197317695082.

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Allusions to rabbits and poaching recur throughout H. G. Wells's work. In spite of the frequency with which they appear, these motifs remain overlooked within scholarly criticism. This article, by analysing Wells's representations of rabbit-poaching, first considers how nineteenth-century histories of industrialisation and game-crime shape his science fiction. It then explores the contradictory nature of these representations, which both demonise and sympathise with the figure of the rabbit-poacher, providing further insight into the class confusion that recent criticism perceives to characterise Wells's writing in this period.

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Penier, Izabella. « Modernity, (Post)modernism and New Horizons of Postcolonial Studies. The Role and Direction of Caribbean Writing and Criticism in the Twenty-first Century ». International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal 14, n^o 1 (1 novembre 2012) : 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10223-012-0052-2.

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My article will take issue with some of the scholarship on current and prospective configurations of the Caribbean and, in more general terms, postcolonial literary criticism. It will give an account of the turn-of-the century debates about literary value and critical practice and analyze how contemporary fiction by Caribbean female writers responds to the socioeconomic reality that came into being with the rise of globalization and neo-liberalism. I will use David Scott’s thought provoking study-Refashioning Futures: Criticism after Postcoloniality (1999)-to outline the history of the Caribbean literary discourse and to try to rethink the strategic goals of postcolonial criticism.

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Piotrowiak-Junkiert, Kinga. « Wielogłos. Polskie, czeskie i słowackie teksty o Zagładzie ». Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne, n^o 24 (30 septembre 2023) : 357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pss.2023.24.16.

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Handbook of Polish, Czech, and Slovak Holocaust Fiction. Eds. Elisa-Maria Hiemer, Jiří Holý, Agata Firlej, Hana Nichtburgerová. Berlin: De Gruyter. 2021, 514 s. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110671056

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Громова, П. С. « LITERARY CRITICISM OF THE L. N. GUMILYOV’S LEGACY ». Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия : Филология, n^o 1(76) (17 avril 2023) : 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/vtfilol/2023.1.039.

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В статье сопоставляются характерные черты романтического героя и пассионарной личности, как ее понимал Л.Н. Гумилев. Делается вывод о том, что теория пассионарности может быть применена при анализе художественной литературы, поскольку позволяет уточнить и углубить понимание данного литературного феномена. The article compares the characteristic features of a romantic hero and a passionate personality, as understood by L.N. Gumilev. It is concluded that the theory of passionarity can be applied in the analysis of fiction, since it allows clarifying and deepening the understanding of this literary phenomenon.

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Grasko, Anna V. « The Soviet World of the 1930s in Czech Literature : Jiřн Weil and His Novel Moscow — the Border ». Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 24, n^o 3 (2022) : 168–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2022.24.3.051.

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This article considers the work of the Czech writer J. Weil (1900–1959) and, in particular, his novel Moscow — the Border (1937) in a broad cultural and historical context. Weil’s fate and work were closely connected with Soviet Russia. Like other leftist Czech intellectuals, Weil was attracted by communist ideas and interested in the new Soviet Russia which claimed to rebuild the world. Weil’s relationship with the Soviet state was not easy — having gone to work in Moscow in 1934, he was already repressed in early 1935 during Stalin’s purges, and at the end of 1935 miraculously returned to Prague. The clash with Soviet reality was unavoidable. As a result, the Czech writer captured the complex impression of what he saw and felt in the USSR in his novel Moscow — the Border. The novel was one of the first (if not the first) works of fiction dedicated to the Soviet reality of the 1930s; it sees Soviet life from the perspective of foreign characters trying to find their place in Stalinist Moscow, following the second five-year plan. Their fates in the novel, on the one hand, demonstrate possible ways of interacting with the Soviet world, and on the other hand, reveal the deep contradictions of the Soviet state. In his novel, Weil does not try to give an unambiguous assessment of the Soviet system; the artistic form of the work allows the author to avoid direct assessments and conclusions and convey the complexity of the Soviet reality of the 1930s. In Czech criticism, the novel caused and still causes controversy; it is given different, often opposite assessments, largely determined by the political and cultural situation.

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Korzun, Valentina. « A. V. Florovsky and Mark Block : Some Details to the Fate of the Historian in Exile ». ISTORIYA 13, n^o 7 (117) (2022) : 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840022266-1.

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The article analyzes the letter-review “Quelques observations sur l'histoire des relation commercial entre l'Europe et des pays de l'Erope Orientale” by M. Block (founded by the authors in the Slavic Library in Prague) on the article sent to the “Annales” in November 1933 by A. V. Florovsky. A. V. Florovsky summarized his ten-year search in the problematic field of Czech-Russian relations in the X—XVIII centuries and it caused serious criticism from M. Bloсk. The text of the letter allows authors to highlight the main directions of this criticism, which was directed against the “bureau” architectonics of the text and insufficient attention to the problems of human and the socio-cultural context. This text, firstly, clarifies the publication policy of the “Annales” and the style of communication between editors and authors. And, secondly, it complements the existing ideas about the scientific fate of A. V. Florovsky in exile. This intellectual contact left a noticeable mark in the direction of Florovsky’s further searches, as evidenced by his subsequent publications on the problem of trade relations between the Czech Republic and Moravia with the countries of Eastern Europe.

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So, Richard Jean, et Edwin Roland. « Race and Distant Reading ». PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 135, n^o 1 (janvier 2020) : 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2020.135.1.59.

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This essay brings together two methods of cultural‐literary analysis that have yet to be fully integrated: distant reading and the critique of race and racial difference. It constructs a reflexive and critical version of distant reading—one attuned to the arguments and methods of critical race studies—while still providing data‐driven insights useful to the writing of literary history and criticism, especially to the history and criticism of postwar African American fiction, in particular James Baldwin's Giovanni's Room. Because race is socially constructed, it poses unique challenges for a computational analysis of race and writing. Any version of distant reading that addresses race will require a dialectical approach. (RJS and ER)

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Lišková, Kateřina, et Andrea Bělehradová. « ‘We Won’t Ban Castrating Pervs Despite What Europe Might Think!’ : Czech Medical Sexology and the Practice of Therapeutic Castration ». Medical History 63, n^o 3 (18 juin 2019) : 330–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2019.30.

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The Czech Republic holds one of the highest numbers of men labelled as sexual delinquents worldwide who have undergone the irreversible process of surgical castration – a policy that has elicited strong international criticism. Nevertheless, Czech sexology has not changed its attitude towards ‘therapeutic castration’, which remains widely accepted and practised. In this paper, we analyse the negotiation of expertise supporting castration and demonstrate how the changes in institutional matrices and networks of experts (Eyal 2013) have impacted the categorisation of patients and the methods of treatment. Our research shows the great importance of historical development that tied Czech sexology with the state. Indeed, Czech sexology has been profoundly institutionalised since the early 1970s. In accordance with the state politics of that era, officially named Normalisation, sexology focused on sexual deviants and began creating a treatment programme that included therapeutic castration. This practice, the aim of which is to protect society from sex offenders, has changed little since. We argue that it is the expert–state alliance that enables Czech sexologists to preserve the status quo in the treatment of sexual delinquents despite international pressure. Our research underscores the continuity in medical practice despite the regime change in 1989. With regard to previous scholarship on state-socialist Czechoslovakia, we argue that it was the medical mainstream that developed and sustained disciplining and punitive features.

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Lähteenmäki, Ilkka. « Possible Worlds of History ». Journal of the Philosophy of History 12, n^o 1 (22 mars 2018) : 164–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18722636-12341354.

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Abstract The theory of possible worlds has been minimally employed in the field of theory and philosophy of history, even though it has found a place as a tool in other areas of philosophy. Discussion has mostly focused on arguments concerning counterfactual history’s status as either useful or harmful. The theory of possible worlds can, however be used also to analyze historical writing. The concept of textual possible worlds offers an interesting framework to work with for analyzing a historical text’s characteristics and features. However, one of the challenges is that the literary theory’s notion of possible worlds is that they are metaphorical in nature. This in itself is not problematic but while discussing about history, which arguably deals with the real world, the terminology can become muddled. The latest attempt to combine the literary and philosophical notions of possible worlds and apply it to historiography came from Lubomír Doležel in his Possible Worlds of Fiction and History: The Postmodern Stage (2010). I offer some criticism to his usage of possible worlds to separate history and fiction, and argue that when historiography is under discussion a more philosophical notion of possible worlds should be prioritized over the metaphorical interpretation of possible worlds.

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Kantoříková, Jana. « Melancholy, Hanuš Jelínek and Miloš Marten ». Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae – Historia litterarum 61, n^o 1-2 (2016) : 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amnpsc-2017-0022.

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The aim of this article is to present the roles of Miloš Marten (1883–1917) in the Czech–French cultural events of the first decade of the 20th century in the background of his contacts with Hanuš Jelínek (1878–1944). The first part of the article deals with Marten’s artistic and life experience during his stays in Paris (1907–1908). The consequences of those two stays to the artist’s life and work will be accentuated. The second part takes a close look at Miloš Marten’s critique of Hanuš Jelínek’s doctoral thesis Melancholics. Studies from the History of Sensibility in French Literature. To interpretate Marten’s reasons for such a negative criticism is our main pursued objective. Such criticism results not only from the rivality between Czech critics oriented to France, but also from different conceptions of the role of critical method and the role of the critic and the artist in the international cultural politics. The third part concludes with the critics’ „reconciliation‟ around 1913 by means of the common interest in the work and personality of Paul Claudel.

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Heise-von der Lippe, Anya. « Histories of Futures Past : Dystopian Fiction and the Historical Impulse ». Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik 66, n^o 4 (19 décembre 2018) : 411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zaa-2018-0035.

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Abstract This article traces the historical impulse in two intertextually connected dystopian texts – George Orwell’s 1984 (1949) and Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale (1985) – by reading the two novels in the context of the construction of historical narrative after the proclaimed ‘end of history’ in the twentieth century. It considers their representation of history within the framework of literary criticism of the historical novel (György Lukács), critical dystopias (Tom Moylan), and memory as an active, mediated engagement with the past (Astrid Erll and Ann Rigney). It looks, more specifically, at how the texts contrast personal experience and the meta-narrative contemplation of memory with institutionalized versions of history on different diegetic levels by juxtaposing the narrators’/focalizers’ view of history with that presented in the framework of pseudo-historical appendices that accompany and significantly modify the interpretations of both narratives.

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Andreev, Sergey, et Michal Místecký. « Activity in Czech and Russian Nineteenth-century Sonnets : A Contrastive Study ». Glottotheory 9, n^o 1 (27 novembre 2018) : 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/glot-2018-0004.

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Abstract The article focuses on analysing activity in the selected sonnets of the Czech and Russian nineteenth-century literatures (100 poems per each). Busemann Coefficient (Q) is counted for the samples, and the individual authors are tested on statistical significance by means of the nonparametric Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test. Another product of the research is a scatter plot, where the counts of the significant MWW test values for the poets and their average Q’s are compared; these figures are clustered according to the k-means method, and interpretations are formulated on the basis of the groupings. Both microanalyses penetrating into an author’s production, and literary-movement investigations are provided, so as to make the research of use for literary criticism, too. Finally, two ways of comparing the Czech and Russian data are sketched, with the outcomes being commented upon.

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ROLLS, ALISTAIR. « Primates in Paris and Edgar Allan Poe’s Paradoxical Commitment to Foreign Languages ». Australian Journal of French Studies 58, n^o 1 (1 avril 2021) : 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/ajfs.2021.07.

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Drawing on recent innovations in detective criticism in France, this article broadens the quest to exonerate Poe’s famous orang-utan and argues that the Urtext of modern Anglo-American crime fiction is simultaneously a rejection of linguistic dominance (of English in this case) and an apologia for modern languages. This promotion of linguistic diversity goes hand in hand with the wilful non-self-coincidence of Poe’s detection narrative, which recalls, and pre-empts, the who’s-strangling-whom? paradox of deconstructionist criticism. Although “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” is prescient, founding modern crime fiction for future generations, it is entwined with a nineteenth-century tradition of sculpture that not only poses men fighting with animals but also inverts classical scenarios, thereby questioning the binary of savagery versus civilization and investing animals with the strength to kill humans while also positing them as the victims of human violence.

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Enslen, Joshua Alma. « Between diplomacy and letters : a sketch of Manuel de Oliveira Lima's search for a Brazilian identity ». História (São Paulo) 24, n^o 2 (2005) : 243–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-90742005000200010.

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Manuel de Oliveira Lima as an important diplomat of the First Republic in Brazil reflects on an individual, national, and universal plane the convergence of politics and literature. His writing demonstrates an explicit attempt to construct a national identity that emanates not only between literature and diplomacy, but also between the personal and the historical, as well as, the foreign and the national. This paper analyzes brief examples of his criticism, personal correspondence, and fiction that demonstrate the convergence of these fields.

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Emma Liggins. « Victorian Sensation Fiction : A Reader's Guide to Essential Criticism (review) ». Victorian Periodicals Review 43, n^o 1 (2010) : 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/vpr.0.0110.

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Ivačić, Matija. « Dušan Karpatský a česko-chorvatské literární vztahy ». Przekłady Literatur Słowiańskich 13 (17 août 2023) : 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/pls.2023.13.12.

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This paper deals with the contribution of Dušan Karpatský (1935—2017) to the reception of Croatian literature in the Czech Republic, and Czech literature in Croatia since the 1960s until the present day. In his numerous translations, Karpatský worked tirelessly to introduce Czech readers to the achievements of Croatian (and Yugoslav) literature, and vice versa. By selecting texts for his translations that were as current as possible, and by meeting high aesthetic criteria, made him influential in both cultural milieus where he played the role of an intermediary. His work in lexicography, bibliography, history of literature and non-fiction is also of great importance. His research has made Croatian culture permanently indebted to him because he discovered and translated into Croatian the Prague Papers, written in Czech by the Croatian politician Stjepan Radić, and because he discovered a seven-language dictionary written by the Prague Benedictine monk Peter Loderecker, which was based on a five-language dictionary written by Faust Vrančić. Owing to all of the above, and much more, Karpatský is considered a key figure in literary and cultural communication between Croatia and the Czech Republic in the last six decades.

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Hayot, Eric. « Literary History after Literary Dominance ». Modern Language Quarterly 80, n^o 4 (1 décembre 2019) : 479–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00267929-7777832.

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Abstract The various pronouncements of the nation’s dissolution seem to have been premature. Literary history is still very much within the nation, especially if one considers the realm of the middle- and lowbrow, or indeed the vast swaths of genre fiction. What has changed in literary history is the position of literature itself. The discipline of literary study (whether one thinks of it as literary history or literary criticism) institutionalized itself during a period of literary dominance. Now that that dominance is over—now that the field of narrative aesthetic culture includes television, film, and video games, and now that those genres dominate not only markets but the forms of representativity that used to belong almost exclusively to literature—what is the future for literary studies, either as a scholarly discipline or as an institutional field?

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Lau, David. « Drastic Measures in Los Angeles ». Boom 3, n^o 2 (2013) : 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/boom.2013.3.2.82.

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This essay is a review of two recent books of criticism: Bill Mohr's account of the Los Angeles poetry scene and Ignacio Lopez-Calvo's account of recent film and fiction set in Latino L.A. The essay argues for a conception of L.A. rooted in understanding the political and economic history of the city, and concludes with some speculation on the future of cultural production in the southern California region.

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Poncarová, Petra Johana. « Spatial and Sonic Monstrosities in William Hope Hodgson’s “The Whistling Room” ». AUC PHILOLOGICA 2022, n^o 2 (16 mars 2023) : 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/24646830.2022.38.

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The article focuses on the corpus of tales featuring “Carnacki, the Ghost-Finder” by the British author William Hope Hodgson, an influential figure in the history of horror, fantastic literature, and speculative fiction. Drawing both on classical works of criticism by Tzvetan Todorov and Dorothy Scarborough and on the rather scarce corpus of scholarship devoted to Hodgson himself, the essay analyses the employment of space and sound in “The Whistling Room”.

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Richards, Christine. « Gender, Race and the ‘Art’ of Fiction : Henry James's Criticism and Harriet Beecher Stowe ». Literature & ; History 9, n^o 1 (mai 2000) : 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/lh.9.1.3.

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Santamarina, Xiomara. « Fugitive Slave, Fugitive Novelist : The Narrative of James Williams (1838) ». American Literary History 31, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2019) : 24–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajy051.

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AbstractThis essay argues for reading a discredited slave narrative—the Narrative of James Williams (1838)—as an early black novel. Reading this narrative as a founding black novel à la Robinson Crusoe complicates the genealogy and theoretical parameters of literary criticism about early US black fiction. Such a reading revises accounts about the emergence of the third-person fictive voice inaugurated by Frederick Douglass and William Wells Brown in the 1850s. It also offers a new understanding of the antislavery movement’s quest for authenticity. More importantly, reading NJW as novelistic fiction illustrates how a fugitive slave might narrativize muddied textual politics and effectively challenge the reparative vision with which we theorize the genres and politics of early African American literary texts.

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Pezzotti, Barbara. « “I am Just a Policeman” : The Case of Carlo Lucarelli’s and Maurizio de Giovanni’s Historical Crime Novels Set during Fascism ». Quaderni d'italianistica 37, n^o 1 (9 juin 2017) : 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/q.i..v37i1.28280.

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This article analyzes two successful Italian novels set during the Ventennio and the Second World War, namely Carlo Lucarelli’s Carta bianca (1990) and Maurizio De Giovanni’s Per mano mia (2011). It shows how Lucarelli confronts the troubling adherence to Fascism through a novel in which investigations are continually hampered by overpowering political forces. By contrast, in spite of expressing an anti-Fascist view, De Giovanni’s novel ends up providing a sanitized version of the Ventennio that allows the protagonist to fulfil his role as a policeman without outward contradictions. By mixing crime fiction and history, Lucarelli intervenes in the revisionist debate of the 1980s and 1990s by attacking the new mythology of the innocent Fascist. Twenty years later, following years of Berlusconi’s propaganda, De Giovanni waters down the hybridization of crime fiction and history with the insertion of romance and the supernatural in order to provide entertaining stories and attract a large audience. In the final analysis, from being functional to political and social criticism in Lucarelli’s series, the fruitful hybridization of crime fiction and history has turned into a mirror of the political and historical de-awareness of Italian society of the 2000s in De Giovanni’s series.

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Gildea, Niall, et David Wylot. « The And of Modernism : On New Periodizations ». Modernist Cultures 14, n^o 4 (novembre 2019) : 446–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/mod.2019.0267.

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The study of literary modernism is in the ascendant in the academy. From alternate modernisms, to neomodernisms, to metamodernism and global modernisms, modernism scholarship has evolved through a configuration of modernism into a cross-cultural and inter-generational aesthetic practice. This article critically examines the periodizing logic implicit in this new modernism scholarship, specifically as it pertains to the study of what is loosely called ‘neomodernism’, which we suggest presents a notable development in literary history for accounts of contemporary fiction and postmodern culture. We are principally interested in a recent trend we observe in modernism literary criticism concerning the futurization of the object (literary modernism), and of critical work thereupon. This work, which specifically addresses developments in contemporary Western Anglophone literature, seeks to extend the project of modernism (sometimes called its ‘promise’) into the present, understanding it as the principal agency in literary distinction and merit. We examine this criticism through a series of case studies, and discern three interconnecting strands in neomodernist criticism – three ways of futurizing modernism, and of self-futurizing modernism criticism.

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Huttar, Charles A. « The Screwtape Letters as Epistolary Fiction ». Journal of Inklings Studies 6, n^o 1 (avril 2016) : 87–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ink.2016.6.1.5.

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Epistolary fiction, often thought of as an eighteenth-century phenomenon, enjoys considerable vitality in our time and has attracted much welcome critical attention in recent years. The focus, however, has been on selected aspects of the epistolary tradition, to the neglect of others that are part of its rich history. At the same time, discussions of C. S. Lewis's The Screwtape Letters (1942) have generally concentrated on its theological, moral, and satirical aspects, with little consideration of the generic identification declared in the book's title. Attention to its striking affiliations with the epistolary tradition in fiction sheds light on Lewis's artistry in the work, on current critical discourse concerning epistolarity, on Lewis's social and cultural criticism, and on his contributions to critical theory. In the present study, selected aspects of the nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century epistolary tradition are briefly surveyed; then, matters of setting, plot, characterization (especially), and handling of viewpoint in The Screwtape Letters are considered, as well as its widespread debts to the literary heritage and its relationship to Lewis's own contributions as a literary scholar and critic. Attention is given to the implications of Lewis's original preface which has recently been discovered.

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Rajendra A. Chitnis. « A Need for Greater Openness : The Countryside in Czech Fiction since 1989 ». Slavonic and East European Review 91, n^o 3 (2013) : 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.5699/slaveasteurorev2.91.3.0431.

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