Articles de revues : « Czech Arc »

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Svatos, Michal, Jiri Chudoba et Petrri Vokac. « ATLAS utilisation of the Czech national HPC center ». EPJ Web of Conferences 214 (2019) : 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921403005.

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The Czech national HPC center IT4Innovations located in Ostrava provides two HPC systems, Anselm and Salomon. The Salomon HPC is amongst the hundred most powerful supercomputers on Earth since its commissioning in 2015. Both clusters were tested for usage by the ATLAS experiment for running simulation jobs. Several thousand core hours were allocatedto the project for tests, but the main aim is to use free resources waitigfor large parallel jobs of other users. Multiple strategies for ATLAS job execution were tested on the Salomon and Anselm HPCs. The solution described herein is based on the ATLAS experience with other HPC sites. ARC Compute Element (ARCCE) installed at the grid site in Prague is used for job submission to Salomon. The ATLAS production system submits jobs to the ARC-Evia ARC Control Tower (aCT). The ARC-CE processes job requirements from aTand creates a script for a batch system which is then executed via ssh. Sshfs is used to share scripts and input files between the site and the HPC cluster. The software used to run jobs is rsynced from the site's CVMFS installation to the HPC's scratch space every day to ensure availabiliy of recent software. Using this setting, opportunistic capacity of the Salomon HPC was exploited.

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Svatoš, Michal, Jiří Chudoba et Petr Vokáč. « Improvements in utilisation of the Czech national HPC center ». EPJ Web of Conferences 245 (2020) : 09010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024509010.

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The distributed computing system of the ATLAS experiment at LHC is allowed to opportunistically use resources at the Czech national HPC center IT4Innovations in Ostrava. The jobs are submitted via an ARC Compute Element (ARC-CE) installed at the grid site in Prague. Scripts and input files are shared between the ARC-CE and a shared file system located at the HPC centre via sshfs. This basic submission system has worked there since the end of 2017. Several improvements were made to increase the amount of resource that ATLAS can use. The most significant change was the migration of the submission system to enable pre-emptable jobs, to adapt to the HPC management’s decision to start pre-empting opportunistic jobs. Another improvement of the submission system was related to the sshfs connection which seemed to be a limiting factor of the system. Now, the submission system consists of several ARC-CE machines. Also, various parameters of sshfs were tested in an attempt to increase throughput. As a result of the improvements, the utilisation of the Czech national HPC center by the ATLAS distributed computing increased.

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Svatoš, Michal, Jiří Chudoba et Petr Vokáč. « Updates on usage of the Czech national HPC center ». EPJ Web of Conferences 251 (2021) : 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125102008.

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The distributed computing of the ATLAS experiment at LHC has used computing resources of the Czech national HPC center IT4Innovations for several years. The submission system is based on ARC-CEs installed at the Czech Tier2 site (praguelcg2). Recent improvements of this system will be discussed here. First, there was a migration of the ARC-CE from version 5 to 6 which improves the reliability and scalability. A shared filesystem built on top of sshfs 3.7 no longer represents performance bottleneck. It provided an order of magnitude better transfer performance. New Singularity containers with full software stack can easily fit default resource limits on the IT4I cluster filesystem. A new submission system, allowing sequential running of payloads in one job, was set and adapted to HPC’s environment, improving usage on worker nodes with very high number of cores. Overall, the whole infrastructure provides significant contribution to resources provided by praguelcg2.

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Dvořák, Lubomír. « Application of the ARC/INFO GIS for Geomorphological Research with Special Attention to Morphostructural Analysis ». Geografie 100, n^o 1 (1995) : 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie1995100010003.

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Many different Geographical Information Systems (GIS) exist nowadays; geographers, however, have sometimes problems with GIS applications in their respective field. The use of GIS in geomorphological research is presented. Special attention is given to the connection between the ARC/INFO GIS and morphostructural analysis which belongs among modern methods of geomorphological research. The study area is located in the northern part of Zábřežská Highland, Bohemian Highlands, Czech Republic.

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Kuhlmann, Marco, et Joakim Nivre. « Transition-Based Techniques for Non-Projective Dependency Parsing ». Northern European Journal of Language Technology 2 (1 octobre 2010) : 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/nejlt.2000-1533.10211.

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We present an empirical evaluation of three methods for the treatment of non-projective structures in transition-based dependency parsing: pseudo-projective parsing, non-adjacent arc transitions, and online reordering. We compare both the theoretical coverage and the empirical performance of these methods using data from Czech, English and German. The results show that although online reordering is the only method with complete theoretical coverage, all three techniques exhibit high precision but somewhat lower recall on non-projective dependencies and can all improve overall parsing accuracy provided that non-projective dependencies are frequent enough. We also find that the use of non-adjacent arc transitions may lead to a drop in accuracy on projective dependencies in the presence of long-distance non-projective dependencies, an effect that is not found for the two other techniques.

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Filippov, E. G., А. А. Dontsova, D. P. Dontsov, Е. S. Doroshenko, I. M. Zasypkina et R. N. Bragin. « Estimation of the initial material of spring barley in the Rostov region ». Grain Economy of Russia, n^o 1 (25 février 2022) : 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2022-79-1-3-10.

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The current paper has presented the study results of the collection samples of spring barley. The purpose of the study was a comprehensive research of the collection of spring barley varieties and lines of various ecological and geographical origin in order to identify the most valuable economic and biological forms for targeted use in breeding programs of the department of barley breeding and seed production in the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The study was carried out on the experimental plots of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in 2017–2019. The objects of the study were 85 spring barley samples. The collection seed-plot was formed from the best varieties of breeding institutions in various regions, most of which were the varieties of domestic breeding (FSBSI FRC All-Russian Institute of genetic resources of plants named after N.I. Vavilov, FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy, FSBSI “National Center of grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko”, FSBSI North-Caucasus FSAC, etc.), as well as the varieties of the European Union (England, Germany, France, Czech Republic, Denmark, Latvia), Canada, Belarus, Ukraine. The sowings were carried out in a row method with a row spacing of 15 cm with the Wintersteiger Plotseed seeder; the plots were seven-row, with an area of 10 m2 . The seeding rate was 450 germinated seeds per 1 m² without repetitions. The standard variety ‘Ratnik’ was sown every 20 numbers in the seed-plot. The forecrop was sunflower. There were made phenological observations, estimated varieties’ resistance to lodging and diseases, assessed productivity and conducted structural analysis of plants in points according to the estimation system of the main economically valuable traits given in the Methodological recommendations for studying the world barley and oats collection (2012). As a result, there were identified the following varieties with a complex of economically valuable traits, as ‘Kazer’, ‘Azov’, ‘Tan 1’, ‘Divny’, ‘Chelyabinsky 99’, ‘Khadzhibey’, ‘Raushan’, ‘Agat’, ‘Suzdalets’, ‘Bagrets’, ‘Rus’, ‘Elf’, ‘Rakhat’ (Russia); ‘Nord 071111’, ‘Obolon’, ‘Odessa 22’, ‘Donetsk 14’, ‘Donetsk 15’ (Ukraine); ‘Perun’, ‘Prestige’ (Czech Republic); ‘Viking’, ‘Philadelphie’ (Germany). The identified varieties are going to be used in further breeding programs of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”.

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Hospodková, Petra, Tomáš Husár, Barbora Klíčová, Lucie Severová, Karel Šrédl et Roman Svoboda. « Cost Analysis of Selected Radiotherapeutic Modalities for Prostate Cancer Treatment—Czech Republic Case Study for the Purposes of Hospital Based HTA ». Healthcare 9, n^o 1 (19 janvier 2021) : 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9010098.

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This study aims to calculate the costs of prostate cancer radiotherapy in a regional hospital Department of Radiation Oncology equipped with Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D-CRT) and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) Volumetric Arc Therapy (VMAT) radiation technology, using activity based costing (ABC), and to compare the costs of both methods at the level of component treatment process activities and with respect to insurance reimbursements. The costing was performed based on a sample of 273 IMRT VMAT patients and 312 3D-CRT patients in a regional hospital in the period from 2018 to 2019. The research has highlighted the necessity to place emphasis on factors that may skew the costing results. The resulting output has been supplemented by a sensitivity analysis, whereas the modeled parameter is represented by the time required for one patient fraction on a linear accelerator and the time the Radiology Assistant needs to prepare the complete radiation plan as part of radiotherapy planning. Moreover, the effects of the received grant, in the form of calculated write-offs, are also considered. The case study uses the example of radiotherapy to demonstrate the potential of ABC and suggests considering the application of this method as an effective management tool for cost and economic evaluation as part of comprehensive hospital assessment under the Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment (HB-HTA) initiative.

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Döhring, Thorsten, Veronika Stieglitz, Rene Hudec, Iryna Sapsai, Peter Friedrich et Vadim Burwitz. « Characterization of a lobster-eye type X-ray telescope ». EPJ Web of Conferences 266 (2022) : 13010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226613010.

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Lobster-eye type X-ray telescopes use reflecting plano mirrors under grazing incidence and can observe a large field of view. As part of a Bavarian-Czech cooperation, two telescopes were build, equipped with mirrors coated with gold and iridium. Their X-ray characterization was carried out at the PANTER test facility, which simulates parallel starlight incident on the telescopes. The telescopes have an angular resolution of about 4 arc minutes in X-rays and a focal length of about 2 meters. The used X-ray mirrors reflect and focus visible light as well; their functionality in the optical regime was checked in laboratory tests. Now another test campaign will be carried out to examine the telescope resolution for real objects of the visible night sky and the imaging properties for star constellations.

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Baar, Jana, et Vladimír Gryc. « Colour of tropical wood and discolouration due to simulated sunlight ». Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 58, n^o 5 (2010) : 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201058050013.

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This study investigated the wood surface discolouration due to simulated sunlight of three tropical woods native in South America. These woods are commonly used in the Czech Republic. Wood of jatoba (Hymenea courbaril L.), massaranduba (Manilkara bidentata A. Chev.) and tigerwood (Astronium graveolens Jacq.) was exposed to treatment by light of xenon-arc lamp, which simulates outdoor sunlight, for 144 hours. Colour measurements of exposed and non-exposed areas of samples were performed by means of spectrophotometer measuring in CIEL*a*b* colour system. The resulting wood discolouration was evaluated according to value of the overall colour change ∆E*. Changes of particular parameters (L*, a* and b*) were also observed during exposure. The wood surface darkened rapidly during the first hours of exposure to simulated sunlight, then samples showed only a slight increase in lightness. After 144 hours of sunlight irradiation the values of chromaticity coordinates were lower compared with the original surface. The initial variations in the lightness of different wood decreased to the minimum after exposure. The most distinctive discolouration of wood was found in the initially brightest wood tigerwood, the darkest massaranduba was affected the least.

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Mikeš, Jan, Ondrej Kreibich et Jan Neužil. « A LIGHTNING CONDUCTOR MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK ». Acta Polytechnica 53, n^o 6 (31 décembre 2013) : 878–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2013.53.0878.

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Automated heating, lighting and irrigation systems are nowadays standard features of industrial and commercial buildings, and are also increasingly found in ordinary housing. In addition to the benefits of user comfort, automated technology for buildings saves energy and, above all, it provides enhanced protection against leakage of water and hazardous gases, and against fire hazards. Lightning strikes are a natural phenomenon that poses a significant threat to the safety of buildings. The statistics of the Fire and Rescue Service of the Czech Republic show that buildings are in many cases inadequately protected against lightning strikes, or that systems have been damaged by previous strikes. A subsequent strike can occur within the period between regular inspections, which are normally made at intervals of 2–4 years. Over the whole of Europe, thousands of buildings are subjected to the effects of direct lightning strikes each year. This paper presents ways to carry out wireless monitoring of lightning strikes on buildings and to deal with their impact on lightning conductors. By intervening promptly (disconnecting the power supply, disconnecting the gas supply, sending an engineer to inspect the structure, submitting a report to ARC, etc.) we can prevent many downstream effects of direct lightning strikes on buildings (fires, electric shocks, etc.) This paper introduces a way to enhance contemporary home automation systems for monitoring lightning strikes based on wireless sensor networks technology.

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Johnston, J. D., J. A. Tait, G. J. H. Oliver et F. C. Murphy. « Evidence for a Caledonian orogeny in Poland ». Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh : Earth Sciences 85, n^o 2 (1994) : 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263593300003539.

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AbstractThe Lower Palaeozoic tectonic history of central and eastern Europe is poorly understood because of extensive Variscan and/or Alpine reworking. The trace of the Tornquist Sea, the SE arm of the Lower Palaeozoic Iapetus Ocean, extended from NE Britain to Asia Minor. The site of this ocean is constrained by the tectonostratigraphy and faunal provinciality of Lower Palaeozoic inliers in northern Czechoslovakia, and southern Poland. In this paper, the collage of contrasting tectonostratigraphic histories of terranes in the Lower Palaeozoic of Poland is reviewed. Fossil evidence demonstrates that the Holy Cross Mountains and the Krakovian Belt display Lower Ordovician and Lower Devonian angular unconformities. Faunal data suggest that the Tornquist Suture Zone must lie south of the Holy Cross and between Upper Silesia and the Barrandian of the Czech Republic. Between these areas, in the Sudeten Mountains, a continental scale sinistral mylonite zone (along the line of the Intra-Sudetic Fault) was periodically active between the Middle Ordovician and the Upper Triassic. Various dismembered ophiolite, island arc and batholith terranes from alongside the Intra-Sudetic Fault have Ordocivian and Silurian magmatic and metamorphic zircon isotopic and fossil ages. Thus the often stated view that deformation in the Sudetes is Variscan (i.e. post-Middle Devonian) must be called into question. It is proposed instead that the Tornquist Suture is located within the Sudeten mountains, and as in the Holy Cross Mountains, much of the observed deformation is post-Cambrian and pre-Gedinnian in age, i.e. Caledonian.

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Fendrychova, Michaela, et Petr Fiedler. « Challenges in Arc Fault Detection for High Power DC applications**This paper presents selected outcomes of a Master Thesis that has been supported by Eaton Elektrotechnika s.r.o., Prague, Czech Republic ». IFAC-PapersOnLine 49, n^o 25 (2016) : 552–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.12.093.

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Hrabalíková, M., et M. Janeček. « Comparison of different approaches to LS factor calculations based on a measured soil loss under simulated rainfall. » Soil and Water Research 12, No. 2 (10 avril 2017) : 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/222/2015-swr.

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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in combination with soil loss models can enhance evaluation of soil erosion estimation. SAGA and ARC/INFO geographic information systems were used to estimate the topographic (LS) factor of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) that in turn was used to calculate the soil erosion on a long-term experimental plot near Prague in the Czech Republic. To determine the influence of a chosen algorithm on the soil erosion estimates a digital elevation model with high accuracy (1 × 1 m) and a measured soil loss under simulated rainfall were used. These then provided input for five GIS-based and two manual procedures of computing the combined slope length and steepness factor in the (R)USLE. The results of GIS-based (R)USLE erosion estimates from the seven procedures were compared to the measured soil loss from the 11 m long experimental plot and from 38 rainfall simulations performed here during 15 years. The results indicate that the GIS-based (R)USLE soil loss estimates from five different approaches to calculation of LS factor are lower than the measured average annual soil loss. The two remaining approaches over-predicted the measured soil loss. The best method for LS factor estimation on field scale is the original manual method of the USLE, which predicted the average soil loss with 6% difference from the measured soil loss. The second method is the GIS-based method that concluded a difference of 8%. The results of this study show the need for further work in the area of soil erosion estimation (with particular focus on the rill/interrill ratio) using the GIS and USLE. The study also revealed the need for an application of the same approach to catchment area as it might bring different outcomes.

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Tichý, Miloš. « Klet Observatory – European Contribution to Detecting and Tracking of Near Earth Objects ». Geoinformatics FCE CTU 7 (29 décembre 2011) : 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.7.9.

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Near Earth Object (NEO) research is an expanding field of astronomy. Is is important for solar system science and also for protecting human society from asteroid and comet hazard. A near-Earth object (NEO) can be defined as an asteroid or comet that has a possibility of making an approach to the Earth, or possibly even collide with it. The discovery rate of current NEO surveys reflects progressive improvement in a number of technical areas. An integral part of NEO discovery is astrometric follow-up fundamental for precise orbit computation and for the reasonable judging of future close encounters with the Earth including possible impact solutions. A wide international cooperation is fundamental for NEO research. The Klet Observatory (South Bohemia, Czech Republic) is aimed especially at the confirmation, early follow-up, long-arc follow-up and recovery of Near Earth Objects. It ranks among the world´s most prolific professional NEO follow-up programmes. The first NEO follow-up programme started at Klet in 1993 using 0.57-reflector equipped with a small CCD camera. A fundamental upgrade was made in 2002 when the 1.06-m KLENOT telescope was put into regular operation. The KLENOT Telescope is the largest telescope in Europe used exclusively for observations of minor planets (asteroids) and comets and full observing time is dedicated to the KLENOT team. Equipment, technology, software, observing strategy and results of both the Klet Observatory NEO Project between 1993-2010 and the first phase of the KLENOT Project from March 2002 to September 2008 are presented. They consist of thousands of precise astrometric measurements of Near Earth Objects and also three newly discovered Near Earth Asteroids. Klet Observatory NEO activities as well as our future plans fully reflect international strategies and cooperation in the field of NEO studies.

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Tichý, Miloš, Jana Tichá et Michal Kočer. « KLENOT PROJECT - NEAR EARTH OBJECTS FOLLOW-UP PROGRAM ». Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, S318 (août 2015) : 319–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921315007176.

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AbstractNEO research is a great challenge just now - for science, for exploration and for planetary defence. Therefore NEO discoveries, astrometric follow-up, orbit computations as well as physical studies are of high interest both to science community and humankind.The KLENOT Project of the Klet Observatory, South Bohemia, Czech Republic pursued the confirmation, early follow-up, long-arc follow-up and recovery of Near Earth Objects since 2002. Tens of thousands astrometric measurements helped to make inventory of NEOs as well as to understand the NEO population. It ranked among the world most prolific professional NEO follow-up programmes during its first phase from 2002 to 2008. The fundamental improvement of the 1.06-m KLENOT Telescope was started in autumn 2008. The new computer controlled paralactic mount was built to substantially increase telescope-time efficiency, the number of observations, their accuracy and limiting magnitude.The testing observations of the KLENOT Telescope Next Generation (NG) were started in October 2011. The new more efficient CCD camera FLI ProLine 230 was installed in summer 2013. The original Klet Software Package has been continually upgraded over the past two decades of operation. Along with huge hardware changes we have decided for essential changes in software and the whole KLENOT work-flow. Using the current higher computing power available, enhancing and updating our databases and astrometry program, the core of our software package, will prove highly beneficial. Moreover, the UCAC4 as the more precise astrometric star catalog was implemented. The modernized KLENOT System was put into full operation in September 2013. This step opens new possibilities for the KLENOT Project, the long-term European Contribution to Monitoring and Cataloging Near Earth Objects.KLENOT Project Goals are confirmatory observations of newly discovered fainter NEO candidates, early follow-up of newly discovered NEOs, long-arc follow-up astrometry of NEOs in need of further data. The higher priority is given to Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) and Virtual Impactors (VIs), recoveries of NEOs in the second opposition and also follow-up astrometry of radar or mission targets, special follow-up requests and follow-up astrometry of other unusual objects (comets, bright TNOs) including analysis of cometary features of suspected bodies, and also search for new asteroids, especially NEOs as well as other objects showing unusual motion.The KLENOT Telescope is located at the Klet Observatory, South Bohemia, Czech Republic (Central Europe), at geographical position: latitude 14° 17' 17” E, longitude 48° 51' 48”N, elevation 1068 meters above sea level, in a rather dark site in the middle of the Protected Landscape Area Blanský les. Average number of clear nights per year about 120. Our IAU/MPC code is 246KLENOT Project Advantages: •full observing time is dedicated to the KLENOT team•quick changes in an observing plan possible, even during an observing night•long-term NEO activities at Klet (since 1992)•experienced observers/measurers visually validate each moving object candidate•real-time processing of targeted objectsKLENOT Next Generation Telescope technical data (since 2013): •new computer controlled paralactic mount•1.06-m f/3 main mirror (Zeiss)•four lenses primary focus corrector•1.06-m f/2.7 optical system•CCD camera FLI ProLine PL230•chip e2v 2048 × 2048 pixels, pixel size 15 microns, Peltier cooling•FOV 37 × 37 arcminutes, image scale 1.1 arcseconds per pixel•limiting magnitude mV=21.5 mag. for 120-sec exposure timeKLENOT Project First Phase Results(2002-2008)total of 52,658 astrometric measurements of 5,867 bodies, it contains: •13,342 astrometric measurements of 1,369 NEAs (MPC,NEODys)•confirmation and astrometry of 623 NEAs from NEOCP (MPECs)•recoveries of 4 comets and 16 NEAs (including 196P/Tichý)•astrometry of 157 Virtual Impactors (CLOMON, SENTRY)•detection of cometary features of 34 bodies (IAUCs)•discovery of splitting of comet C/2004 S1 (Van Ness)•independent discovery of 4 fragments of comet 73P/S-W 3•asteroid discoveries - 750 bodies•3 NEOs - Apollo 2002 LK, Aten 2003 UT55, Apollo 2006 XR4, 1 JFA 2004 RT109The first KLENOT Project Next Generation Results (since 2011)total of 10,054 astrometric measurements of 1,298 bodies, it contains: •2,211 astrometric measurements of 263 NEAs(MPC,NEODys)•confirmation and astrometry of 143 NEAs from NEOCP (MPECs)•astrometry of 18 Virtual Impactors (CLOMON, SENTRY)•detection of cometary features of 5 bodies (IAUCs)

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Forouzanmehr, Mohsen, Kazem Reza Kashyzadeh, Amirhossein Borjali, Anastas Ivanov, Mosayeb Jafarnode, Tat-Hean Gan, Bin Wang et Mahmoud Chizari. « Detection and Analysis of Corrosion and Contact Resistance Faults of TiN and CrN Coatings on 410 Stainless Steel as Bipolar Plates in PEM Fuel Cells ». Sensors 22, n^o 3 (19 janvier 2022) : 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030750.

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Bipolar Plates (BPPs) are the most crucial component of the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell system. To improve fuel cell stack performance and lifetime, corrosion resistance and Interfacial Contact Resistance (ICR) enhancement are two essential factors for metallic BPPs. One of the most effective methods to achieve this purpose is adding a thin solid film of conductive coating on the surfaces of these plates. In the present study, 410 Stainless Steel (SS) was selected as a metallic bipolar plate. The coating process was performed using titanium nitride and chromium nitride by the Cathodic Arc Evaporation (CAE) method. The main focus of this study was to select the best coating among CrN and TiN on the proposed alloy as a substrate of PEM fuel cells through the comparison technique with simultaneous consideration of corrosion resistance and ICR value. After verifying the TiN and CrN coating compound, the electrochemical assessment was conducted by the potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests. The results of PDP show that all coated samples have an increase in the polarization resistance (Rp) values (ranging from 410.2 to 690.6 Ω·cm2) compared to substrate 410 SS (230.1 Ω·cm2). Corrosion rate values for bare 410 SS, CrN, and TiN coatings were measured as 0.096, 0.032, and 0.060 mpy, respectively. Facilities for X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM, TeScan-Mira III model and made in the Czech Republic), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDXS) were utilized to perform phase, corrosion behavior, and microstructure analysis. Furthermore, ICR tests were performed on both coated and uncoated specimens. However, the ICR of the coated samples increased slightly compared to uncoated samples. Finally, according to corrosion performance results and ICR values, it can be concluded that the CrN layer is a suitable choice for deposition on 410 SS with the aim of being used in a BPP fuel cell system.

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Murphy, Kathryn. « Miroslav Holub : Poems Before and After. Translated by various hands. Pp. 437. Tarset : Bloodaxe, 2006. Pb. £12. Six Czech Poets. Translated by various hands, edited by Alexandra Büchler. Pp. 147. Todmorden : Arc, 2007. Pb. £10.99. » Translation and Literature 18, n^o 1 (mars 2009) : 142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0968136108000496.

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Heyd, Volker. « Families, Prestige Goods, Warriors & ; Complex Societies : Beaker Groups of the 3rd Millennium cal BC Along the Upper & ; Middle Danube ». Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 73 (2007) : 327–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00000104.

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From the Middle Copper Age in the mid-4th millennium cal BC, and throughout the whole Late Copper Age, we observe the emergence of supra-regional, expansionistic ‘cultures’. Originating in south-east Europe, they expanded into central and northern Europe, eventually reaching the west and the margins. Typical of these are the Černavoda III/Boleráz cultures; then, later, the Baden sequence, along with the Globular Amphora Culture adjacent to the northern arc of the Carpathian mountains. The Corded Ware/Single Grave Cultures, and finally the Bell Beaker Culture, follow in a third stage from the first quarter of the 3rd millennium cal BC. The latter expand – emerging from the Iberian Peninsula according to current research – towards the east in a fourth stage, reaching Britain and Ireland, Central Europe, and the central Mediterranean by 2500 cal BC. It is now common knowledge that this Bell Beaker phenomenon does not represent a homogeneous unit, but splits into at least four supra-regional groupings. Of these, the Central European, or Bell Beaker East Group, is the focus of this study.The many published and well-dated assemblages along the Danube between southern Germany and western Hungary, and also in the Czech Republic, allow us to pose questions concerning the social organisation of these Beaker societies. Extended families, without visible hierarchies between them, are mirrored in cemeteries as the basic social unit. The settlement pattern seems to consist of single farmsteads, often closely spaced and each inhabited by one of these extended families. As self-sufficient, but flexibly organised and already partly specialised economic units, they demonstrate an equal exchange of information, goods, genes, and social values. Existing fundamental hierarchies within these families are demonstrated, however, by unequal burial customs, in particular the inclusion of prestige objects in some graves, and by some lavishly equipped child burials of both sexes, as well as in the portrayal of some individuals in death as hunters or warriors, buried with archery equipment.Bell Beaker society displays an intermediate position between ranked and stratified societies, with signs that it was evolving towards simple chiefdoms. However, this stage of social organisation is only fully reached in Central Europe during the second half of the Early Bronze Age, from 2000 cal BC onwards.

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Pokorná, Jana. « Impact of Activity-Based Costing on Financial Performance in the Czech Republic ». Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64, n^o 2 (2016) : 643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664020643.

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Looking for factors affecting business performance is one of a central concern of business economists for several years. Activity-Based Costing (ABC) is a management tool that provides additional and more accurate information on the costs and company performance, thus contributes to better manager decision making, and thus has potential to affect the financial performance. This paper aims to investigate the link between the use of ABC among corporations in the Czech Republic and improvement in corporate financial performance. The empirical survey was carried out among 548 Czech medium-sized and large companies from various economic sectors. Financial performance was measured by standardized Return on Assets from 2005 to 2011. The ABC expansion among enterprises in the Czech Republic is currently comparable with neighbouring countries, although the extent of its use is lower. Surprising but statistically significant results show that businesses that use ABC have on average the same or even lower financial performance than businesses without ABC.

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Nikolaichuk, V. І., M. М. Vakerich, M. V. Bilkey, O. P. Chechuy et I. Voloshchuk. « Possible ecologically based ways of preserving and developing the Ukrainian Carpathians ». Biosystems Diversity 24, n^o 1 (27 février 2016) : 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/011619.

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Ukraine has transformed into one of the most environmentally dangerous countries in the world due to the high concentration of industrial production and agriculture and predatory use of natural resources. The current ecological situation in Ukraine is characterized by a deep ecological crisis, which is caused by the laws of operation of the command economy of the former USSR. The majority of the environmental and social indicators of Ukraine are among the worst in Europe. The Carpathian Mountains are among the most significant and interesting landscapes in Europe from the geological and geomorphological, scenic and biological perspectives. The giant arc of the Carpathians begins in southern Romania and passes through Ukraine, Slovakia, Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary to Austria, crosses all Eastern and Central Europe. A third of the forest reserves of Ukraine are located in the Ukrainian Carpathians, at 53.5% the percentage of forest cover of the area is among the highest in the country. About 50% of the gene pool of Ukraine’s plants, many species of trees and medicinal plants grows there. The geographical location and large area of the rich natural heritage of the Carpathians have multifaceted importance for the conservation of biological, phytocoenotic and landscape diversity and maintaining the ecological balance in the central part of our continent. As with the Alps mountain range, this is an important ecological corridor between Western, Central and Eastern Europe, which promotes the migration of species and their spread into lowland landscapes. In order to preserve biodiversity an inventory of virgin forest ecosystems should be made and strict measures for their protection should be enforced. It is necessary to continue the practice of establishing bilateral areas in cross-border protected areas in order to combine efforts to solve pressing environmental challenges. Conservation of the Carpathians Biodiversity is an urgent problem. Structural changes in the economy of the region are expected to strengthen the recreational value of the Ukrainian Carpathians for the public not only in our country but also in Central and Eastern Europe, reducing the technogenic loading. International cooperation of all countries of the Carpathian region is imperative. The development of tourism in the Carpathians is highly promising, but this should be civilized tourism, taking into account the environmental sustainability of the recreational areas and protected areas.

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Mares, Jaromir. « The Proposal to Create Provisions of Land Military Equipment in The Army of The Czech Republic ». International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 23, n^o 2 (25 juin 2017) : 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2017-0092.

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Abstract The paper deals with the proposed method of creating the reserves of land military equipment in the Army of the Czech Republic. The aim is to propose the classification of spare parts categories and their consumption quantities in a calendar year. The reserves optimization criteria and the Pareto ABC analysis have been employed, besides basic methods, in the submitted paper. The proposal is based on the purpose and delivery time of spare parts. The cost indicator is related to the operation of land military equipment within its life cycle, including the supply of spare parts. Under the above mentioned conditions the method was determined to create the reserves of spare parts for land military equipment necessary to ensure the ACR operability in peacetime.

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Janda, J. « Paediatric care in the Czech Republic. » Archives of Disease in Childhood 72, n^o 3 (1 mars 1995) : 271–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.72.3.271.

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Sokolov, D., V. Sobyna, S. Vambol et V. Vambol. « Substantiation of the choice of the cutter material and method of its hardening, working under the action of friction and cyclic loading ». Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 2, n^o 94 (3 décembre 2018) : 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8658.

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Purpose: The main problem with the use of rescue instruments during emergency response is the low strength of the tool’s cutting edge. The consequence of this is the low efficiency of rescue operations. The purpose of this study is to substantiate experimentally the choice of material for the tool’s cutting edge and the method of surfacing it on the cutter of a hydraulic tool, operating under the simultaneous influence of friction and cyclic loading. Design/methodology/approach: The choice of material was carried out by the way of analytical analysis with subsequent experimental verification. For this purpose, specially made samples of cutters from various grades of alloyed steel were used. With these cutters the steel rod Ø 12 mm made of St3 steel was cut; the number of cutting cycles preceding blunting or destruction of the cutting edge of the tool was counted. Analytical study of the possibility of cutter’s surface hardening by fusing the cutting edge onto it was carried out by the way of analyzing scientific research in the area of improving the technical characteristics of a mechanized hydraulic tool. Findings: It has been experimentally established that Steel 30HGT gives the greatest number of working cycles before blunting, while steels of the manufacturer (Steel 65G and Steel 12M) are destroyed in 180 and 200 working cycles, respectively. Other steels are not destroyed, but can stand fewer number of cutting cycles. To reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of rescue operations, it is proposed to perform surface hardening of the tool cutter by fusing the cutting edge made of Steel 30 HGT steel (analogs: in Germany – 30MnCrTi; in the Czech Republic – 14231). Analytical research has shown that manual arc welding as a method of welding metals is widely tested, reliably reproducible, allows for surfacing in any conditions outside the fabrication facility and is carried out with non-bulky equipment. This will increase the life of the hydraulic rescue tool. Research limitations/implications: The study was conducted for steels that meet the requirements of national standards. Practical implications: Equipping rescue workers with a mechanized tool that has been upgraded by the proposed method improves the efficiency of rescue operations in emergency situations. Originality/value: It is proposed to increase the strength and reliability of a mechanized tool for rescue operations. For the first time, an attempt to substantiate the choice of method for hardening the cutting edge of an instrument by applying reliably reproducible technologies was made.

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Skalický, Pavel, et Tibor Palasiewicz. « Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield as a Part of Knowledge Development ». International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 23, n^o 1 (20 juin 2017) : 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2017-0045.

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Abstract The aim of this article is to introduce an approach to intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB) as a part of knowledge development in conditions of the Army of the Czech Republic (ACR). Numerous of NATO publications and Stanags has been analyzed as well as Czech national documents. Based on results of the analyses and personal experience of authors, the current state of IPB applied in ACR has been outlined and main imperfections of this process have been emphasized such as a disregard of dynamic changes of terrain in time and so on. It the closing section of the article a few possible ways of IPB development have been suggested. Those suggestions show possible form of this process for needs in 21st century.

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Faldynova, M., M. Pravcova, F. Sisak, H. Havlickova, I. Kolackova, A. Cizek, R. Karpiskova et I. Rychlik. « Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Strains Isolated in the Czech Republic between 1984 and 2002 ». Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, n^o 6 (juin 2003) : 2002–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.6.2002-2005.2003.

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ABSTRACT In a collection of 66 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains isolated between 1984 and 2002 in the Czech Republic, genes coding for antibiotic resistance were determined by using specific PCRs. We found that the pentadrug-resistant ACSSuT clone first appeared in the Czech Republic in 1990. A new variant of the aadA gene designated aadA21 is described, the 5′ end of which was identical to aadA2 and the 3′ end of which was identical to aadA1.

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Indik, S., et L. Valíček. « Differentiation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus European vaccine strains from Czech field isolates by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of ORF5 gene ». Veterinární Medicína 47, No. 10 - 11 (30 mars 2012) : 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5838-vetmed.

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Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of open reading frame 5 was developed for typing of Czech strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The set of restriction enzymes Acc I, Hae II and SnaB I allowed the differentiation of heterogeneous Czech strains of PRRSV clustered separately in the phylogenetic tree. The high-passage strain V-502 (164) was also differentiated from its parent strain V-502. The same restriction enzymes could distinguish the European-type vaccine strains Porcilis PRRS and Pyrsvac-183, registered inCzechRepublic, from the Czech field isolates. The published ORF5 nucleotide sequences allowed us to presume that it will also be possible to distinguish most of European field strains from vaccine strains. PCR-based RFLP analysis can become a valuable tool in epidemiological studies of PRRSV inEurope.

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Georgala, Petra, et Michal Radvan. « The system of publication outputs evaluation in the Czech Republic ». Annual Center Review, n^o 9 (2016) : 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/acr.2016.09.09.

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Kajlik, Vladimir. « Czech Archives at the Crossroads : Breaking with the Past ». American Archivist 54, n^o 3 (juillet 1991) : 412–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17723/aarc.54.3.l414378p21011617.

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Kolberova, Urszula. « Tematyka chłopska w literaturze czeskiej drugiej połowy XIX i w XX wieku ». Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia Historicolitteraria 23 (30 décembre 2023) : 405–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20811853.23.24.

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The article is devoted to the Czech rural prose of the second half of the 19th century and the 20th century. Using a chronological perspective, the author presents the work of the most important representatives of the trend (e.g. Božena Němcova, Vítězslav Hálek, Karolína Světla, Josef Holečk, Josef Knap, A.C. Nora and others), as well as the changes in the methods of creating rural images, peasant characters – abandoning a stereotypical approach in favor of realistic-ethnographic descriptions of space and the world of nature, customs and traditions of the Czech people. She pays attention to the evolution of genres, which took place at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The texts that began to emerge at that time were at the border between fictional literature and documentary‑reportage (e.g. Drašar by Teréza Novákova), family chronicles (e.g. a cycle Naši by Josef Holečk), novels belonging to critical realism (e.g. Zapád by Karel Václav Rais). Moreover, the author describes the influence of ruralism on the Czech literature in the 20th century (e.g. the introduction of colloquial speech and dialect). She mentions the assumptions of this trend, whose program was created by Josef Knap in his essay K severovýchodu, published in 1925 in the magazine „Sever a východ”. Ruralism was supposed to be a counterbalance against avantgarde trends of the 1920s and 1930s, bringing together conservative authors, who were critical towards the city and attached to the idea of a Czech village as an enclave of “true Czechism” and a peasant as “a custodian” of national traditions. As examples of superlocal and naturalistic image of peasant reality after the First World War, the author mentions the work of A.C. Nora, who – as opposed to ruralists – was interested mainly in causes of conflicts among families, the egoism of peasants, as well as divisions within rural community.

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Czudek, Damian. « Development of budgetary rules in the Czech Republic ». Annual Center Review, n^o 14-15 (2022) : 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/acr.2021-2022.14-15.08.

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At a time when more and more demands are made on public budgets, it is appropriate to evaluate the rules governing the institutes of budget management and consider strengthening the instruments that ensure efficient, economy and effective management of public funds. For this reason, the contribution is devoted to the analysis of the development of budgetary rules in the Czech Republic, especially to the analysis of breach of budgetary discipline, which is an important part of the financial management and control of public budgets. This article also follows the outputs of the Ministry of Finance project, co-financed by the he EEA and Norway grants 2014-2021, which is dedicated to strengthening public financial management and control.

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Brzáková, Michaela, Ludmila Zavadilová, Josef Přibyl, Petr Pešek, Eva Kašná et Anita Kranjčevičová. « Estimation of genetic parameters for female fertility traits in the Czech Holstein population ». Czech Journal of Animal Science 64, No. 5 (26 mai 2019) : 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/51/2018-cjas.

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Genetic parameters for fertility traits in Czech Holstein population were estimated. The database obtained from the Czech-Moravian Breeders Corporation with 6 414 486 insemination records between years 2005–2015 was used. Date of calving of the selected animals was taken from the database of milk records from 2005–2015. Fertility traits were age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), days open (DO), calving interval (CI) and first service to conception interval in cows (FSC-C) and heifers (FSC-H). The heritability of each trait was estimated using single-trait animal models. The model included fixed effects of herd-year-season of birth, herd-year-month of calving, lactation order, parity, last calving ease, linear and quadratic regressions on age at first insemination in heifers or on age at first calving in cows. Random effects were animal, permanent environmental effect and random residual error. After edits, the final data set included up to 599 901 observations from up to 448 037 animals dependent on traits. The range of heritability estimates was from 0.010 to 0.058. The lowest heritability was for first service to conception interval in heifers, and the highest heritability was for age at first service. Variances of random permanent effects were higher than variance of additive genetic effect in all traits manifested in mature cows. Repeatability ranged from 0.060 to 0.090. Genetic correlations between traits were estimated using a bivariate animal model. High positive genetic correlations were found between AFS–AFC, DO–CI, FSC-C–DO and FSC-C–CI. A moderate genetic correlation was found between AFS–FSC-H and between AFC. A negative correlation was found between AFS–FSC-C. Correlations between other traits were close to zero. The results suggest that the level of these reproductive traits can be improved by selection of animals with high genetic merit.

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Košek-Bartošová, Iva, et Petra Besedová. « Success Rate of Czech Students’ Performances in Language Memory Test ». ACC JOURNAL 29, n^o 3 (1 décembre 2023) : 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acc-2023-0013.

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Abstract This article, originating from the Faculty of Education at the University of Hradec Králové, investigates auditory linguistic memory and attitudes toward foreign language learning among Czech primary and lower-secondary school students. Utilizing a quasi-experimental design featuring recordings of 10 different languages, the study aimed to measure the efficacy of auditory memory in language recognition and gauge student attitudes. While a generally positive disposition toward learning foreign languages was observed, the data did not support the hypothesis that prior music education enhances language recognition abilities. The findings suggest a nuanced relationship between musical training and language learning, opening up new considerations for educational strategies in foreign language instruction.

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Šikyř, Martin, Renata Skypalova et Jana Vavrova. « What HR decisions are crucial in turbulent times ? An analysis of differences in manufacturing and non-manufacturing companies ». Problems and Perspectives in Management 21, n^o 2 (22 juin 2023) : 618–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.21(2).2023.56.

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Manufacturing and non-manufacturing companies are represented to varying degrees in the structure of advanced economies. Their business success in turbulent times depends on smart business decisions, including decisions concerning human resources (HR) that affect the companies’ ability to survive and compete. However, such judgments may differ in manufacturing and non-manufacturing companies. The paper aims to reveal potential differences in HR decisions between analyzed manufacturing and non-manufacturing companies and bring suggestions for challenging employment and compensation decisions that affect the companies’ economic and social position. The analysis uses the HR Analysis in Companies 2023 survey conducted by Gi Group/Grafton Recruitment Czech Republic at the end of 2022. The survey covered responses from 478 manufacturing and non-manufacturing companies in all fourteen regions of the Czech Republic regarding employment and compensation decisions in 2022 and plans for 2023. The analysis revealed tendencies of manufacturing companies to change the total number of employees and the offer of benefits more often than non-manufacturing companies to more flexibly change the labor demand and labor costs depending on the demand for final production. On the other hand, regardless of manufacturing or non-manufacturing companies, the overall findings revealed tendencies of surveyed companies to follow certain HR decisions from the past in the future and confirm the necessity to concentrate on effective HR decisions related to employment and compensation in turbulent times to manage the labor demand and labor costs efficiently. AcknowledgmentThe authors thank Gi Group/Grafton Recruitment Czech Republic for providing the HR Analysis in Companies 2023 survey and the Internal Grant Agency of Ambis College for financial support to create this article.

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Poláková, Jana, et Josef Soukup. « Results of Implementing Less-Favoured Area Subsidies in the 2014–2020 Time Frame : Are the Measures of Environmental Concern Complementary ? » Sustainability 12, n^o 24 (16 décembre 2020) : 10534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410534.

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This article collated and interpreted data on land-based measures and capital investments support in Central Europe. Data collection is essential, due to more EU funds being distributed after 2020. Most evaluations focus on outcomes of agri-environmental measures within the most populous Member States. Unlike previous work, empirical data was hereby assessed on the public support of three measures of environmental concern to farmers (less favored area measure, capital investments, and agri-environmental measures). The study examined whether public goods are complementary. A prevailing focus was on spending for the farms in less favored areas, now renamed Areas of Natural Constraint (ANC). Cluster analysis was employed for seven countries out of 105 rural development programs (RDPs). The Countries include Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia. The average share of the wider ANC measures was 0.31 of the total public funds. Within Central Europe, Hungary sets aside the smallest share (0.17), whereas the Czech Republic and Austria introduced a slightly larger share (0.51). All RDPs identified Capital Investments in physical assets as one of the significant measures. The study found that public goods for biodiversity and landscapes were entailed in the ANC measures, although the extent of measure complementarity across all regions will require further investigation. Finally, unresolved questions about expenditure are highlighted.

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Kotorov, Iouri, Yuliya Krasylnykova, Jaroslav Demel et Petr Blaschke. « The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Economic Growth and R&D Spending in Czechia, Germany, and Poland ». ACC JOURNAL 29, n^o 2 (1 juin 2023) : 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acc-2023-0003.

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Abstract The article investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on economic growth, specifically focusing on research and development (R&D) expenditures in the Czech Republic, Germany, and Poland. The analysis spans the periods preceding, during, and following the pandemic. The central objective of the article is to examine whether the pandemic, considering the implemented restrictions and associated financial aid, influenced the economic growth trajectory and the allocation of resources to research and development in the aforementioned Central European countries. The research utilizes time series data from 2011 to 2022, sourced from Eurostat, to track the evolution of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross Expenditure on Research and Development (GERD). Key indicators under scrutiny included GDP, GERD, and R&D intensity – GERD as a percentage of GDP. A chain index was constructed to facilitate not only cross-country comparisons of these indicators but also an examination of year-to-year changes and an analysis of the growth rate of the GERD indicator. The research findings reveal that that COVID-19 really affected not only the development of the monitored economies but also the R&D area; however, it was not the same in all the monitored countries. The impact of the pandemic can be seen in the decline in GDP in all three countries in 2020, but GERD decreased in only two of them – the Czech Republic and Germany. Poland experienced a significant increase in research and development funding in real terms. Both indicators (GDP and GERD) immediately resumed their growth in 2021 in all analyzed countries. From that it can be concluded that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the GDP and GERD of the Czech Republic, Germany and Poland was not of a long-term nature.

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Hastrdlová, Šárka. « Czech Language Course for Foreigners at the Technical University of Liberec – Flipped Classroom Approach Revisited ». ACC JOURNAL 29, n^o 3 (1 décembre 2023) : 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acc-2023-0010.

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Abstract This article gives brief feedback on the application of a flipped classroom approach to the Czech language course for foreigners within the summer semester 2022/2023 at the Technical University of Liberec. It is generally known that the flipped classroom approach is an instructional strategy that involves reversing the traditional roles of in-class lectures and homework. It can offer many potential benefits, such as an active way of learning, enhanced student engagement, and immediate feedback. However, not all subjects or topics may be suitable for the flipped approach, and it may not be the best fit for every teacher or student. Additionally, access to technology and resources outside the classroom can be a potential challenge for some students. In the article, the author first briefly describes the flipped classroom method and then shows its advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the example of the implementation of the flipped classroom method in the Czech language course for foreigners is given and analyzed together with a brief survey of opinions on the flipped classroom method.

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Šlosárková, Soňa, Kateřina Nedbalcová, Jaroslav Bzdil, Petr Fleischer, Monika Zouharová, Stanislav Staněk, Eva Kašná et Alena Pechová. « Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococci Most Frequently Isolated from Czech Dairy Cows with Mastitis ». Annals of Animal Science 19, n^o 3 (1 juillet 2019) : 679–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2019-0015.

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AbstractThe aim was to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of most frequently isolated streptococci from Czech dairy herds. A total of 3,719 quarter milk samples were collected and cultivated between January 2017 and June 2018 from cows with clinical or subclinical mastitis from 112 farms. Only one isolate of each species, collected from the same farm per six-month period, was included in the susceptibility testing. The susceptibilities of Streptococcus uberis (163 isolates) and S. dysgalactiae (25 isolates) to 10 antimicrobials (penicillin – PEN, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid – AMC, ceftiofur – EFT, clindamycin – CLI, gentamicin – GEN, streptomycin – STR, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole – SXT, enrofloxacin – ENR, tetracycline – TET, rifampicin – RIF) from 9 groups were determined by measuring their minimum inhibitory concentrations. The percentages of resistant S. uberis isolates to the antimicrobials were as follows: TET (63.2%), STR (52.1%), CLI (30.1%), and RIF (2.5%). Intermediate susceptibility was found to RIF (63.2%), PEN (35%), ENR (2.5%), EFT (1.8%), and AMC (1.2%). All the S. uberis isolates were susceptible to GEN and SXT (100%). However, only 6.7% of S. uberis isolates were susceptible to all tested antimicrobials, and 38.7% of isolates were multidrug resistant (≥ 3 groups of antimicrobials). All the S. dysgalactiae isolates were susceptible to PEN, AMC, EFT, GEN, SXT, and ENR (100%). Resistant S. dysgalactiae isolates were found to TET (60%), STR (28%), CLI (12%), and intermediate to TET (24%) and RIF (20%). Sixteen percent of S. dysgalactiae isolates were multidrug resistant. The relatively high occurrence of (multiple) resistance, relative to mastitis pathogens, highlights the importance of monitoring this condition in dairy herds.

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Kramářová, Zuzana, et Kristýna Prušková. « Brownfield database in light of the BIM method ». MATEC Web of Conferences 279 (2019) : 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927901013.

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The paper deals with two very current topics – brownfields and BIM models, building information models. While BIM models of buildings and their interconnection to other systems (GIS) are both, in the Czech Republic and internationally, the issue discussed not only by the professional public, but also by politicians, brownfields and their databases are at the edge of interest in political-decision-making. It can be said that the brownfield database, ie areas with predominantly defective and unused buildings, with the data contained therein can form the basis for data models of these building and areas. This article outlines the information, data and knowledge of brownfields used by all professions in the AEC industry and examines their compatibility with BIM models of building or areas, that go hand in hand with the current BIM transition in the Czech Republic.

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Vendula, Jancikova, Pridalova Miroslava et Kaplanova Tereza. « Reference Curves of Selected Circumferential Parameters for Czech Children Aged 6 to 11 Years ». Children 8, n^o 10 (13 octobre 2021) : 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8100908.

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(1) Background/objective: the globally discussed current issue is the increasing body weight of the population. This trend is observed in all age categories. Pediatricians and anthropologists use BMI percentile curves to determine the optimal body weight of children, based on which the child is categorized in the category of underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese. Medical or anthropological examinations also use some methods to determine the amount of body fat. In addition to evaluating amounts of body fat, it is important to assess its distribution. The distribution of fat in the body, especially in terms of disproportionate distribution, is a risk factor for health complications, especially in terms of metabolic and health risk. Part of monitoring children’s growth is also measuring and evaluating circumferential parameters, such as abdominal circumference, gluteal circumference, and waist circumference. This study aimed to define age- and gender-specific reference curves for waist circumference (WC), abdominal circumference (AbC), and gluteal circumference (GC) in Czech children. (2) Methods: data on children’s circumferential parameters were collected via anthropometric measurements. The research sample consisted of 2093 children aged 6–11 years (boys, n = 1008; girls, n = 1085). Only children with parental informed consent were included. The statistical analysis was performed separately by age and gender using SPSS v. 22. Anthropometric data were summarized by mean and standard deviation. The percentile curves of WC, AbC, and GC were calculated (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, P97) in R 3.4.2 software (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) using the gamlss package. (3) Results and conclusions: the study developed age- and gender-specific percentile curves of WC, AbC, and GC for Czech children aged 6–11 years. All parameters increased with age in both boys and girls. Generally, the boys had higher WC and AbC than did girls, but girls had higher GC than did boys. Female and male median WC percentiles (M) increased from the age of 6. Both girls’ and boys’ median percentiles showed a continuous increase. We found similar trends in the median GC and AbC percentile curves. All percentile curves showed similar trends in both sexes, but the 90th and 97th WC percentiles in boys were exceptions: from the age of 10, they exceeded the values of girls, reaching their peak at the age of 11 followed by a decrease in the case of the 97th percentile and a plateau in the case of the 90th percentile. This study serves as a reference to enrich the methods of evaluation of somatic and medical status in Czech children. Up–to–date percentile curves would be a practical addition to the BMI percentiles for the screening and evaluation of overweight and obese conditions and the related risks of abdominal obesity in the pediatric population.

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Kappel, Jiří. « A few remarks on Czech interest limitation rules in the context of pandemic ». Annual Center Review, n^o 12-13 (2020) : 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/acr.2019-2020.12-13.09.

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This contribution focuses on an economic impact of the pandemic on Czech taxpayers in the context of the rule limiting deductibility of net financial expenses and thin capitalization rule. For this purpose, a hypothesis is proposed that these rules may in fact increase the negative economic impact of the pandemic.

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Urbanova, M., K. Hirschfeldova, L. Obeidova, B. Janosikova, J. Lastuvkova, M. Lukas, J. Kotlas et J. Stekrova. « Two Czech patients with familial adenomatous polyposis presenting mosaicism in APC gene ». Neoplasma 66, n^o 02 (2019) : 294–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4149/neo_2018_180731n559.

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Semerád, Pavel. « Carousel fraud in fuel and its solution from the viewpoint of the Czech VAT Act ». Annual Center Review, n^o 9 (2016) : 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/acr.2016.09.02.

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Literak, Ivan, Radim Petro, Monika Dolejska, Erika Gruberova, Hana Dobiasova, Jan Petr et Alois Cizek. « Antimicrobial Resistance in Fecal Escherichia coli Isolates from Healthy Urban Children of Two Age Groups in Relation to Their Antibiotic Therapy ». Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, n^o 6 (4 avril 2011) : 3005–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01724-10.

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ABSTRACTThe study was performed in the Czech Republic during 2007 to 2009. OfEscherichia coliisolates from 275 children aged 6 weeks, 36% (n= 177) were resistant to 1 to 7 antibiotics. Of isolates from 253 children aged 6 to 17 years, 24% (n= 205) were resistant to 1 to 5 antibiotics. There was no significant difference in the prevalences of antibiotic-resistantE. coliisolates between these groups of children, even though the consumptions of antibiotics were quite different.

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Zedek, Lukáš, et Jan Šembera. « Comparison of Waste Production in Regions of the Czech Republic in 2019-2021 ». ACC JOURNAL 30, n^o 1 (1 mars 2024) : 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acc-2024-0002.

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Abstract The purpose of this article is to illustrate the intuitively understood links between the social and economic characteristics of an area and the waste production at a given location. These relationships have been investigated using statistical data from thirteen regions in the Czech Republic between 2019 and 2021. In order to evaluate the data, freely available tools such as Python 3.8.16 and a number of its libraries, e.g. matplotlib, plotly, sklearn, numpy and others, have been used.

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Křížová, Tereza. « Digitalization and remote communication with the tax administrator in the time of Covid and post-covid ». Annual Center Review, n^o 12-13 (2020) : 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/acr.2019-2020.12-13.10.

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Today’s rapid times with the rapid development of technology require a change in the performance of obligations of citizens and companies to the state. Whereas in the past we were content with the paper form of communication, now we are slowly abandoning it. The entire process has now been accelerated by the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the reaction time varies from industry to industry. In public administration in general, gradual digitalization is inevitable, but very slow. This happens due to a number of factors, such as the transparency of public procurement, insufficient system readiness or insufficient staff qualifications. Last but not least, a lot of sensitive data is sent when communicating with the tax administrator, so emphasis must also be placed on cyber security and data protection. It is the public sector in the Czech Republic that often faces the problem of outdated systems that have not been improved and changed for many years. Another long-discussed issue is the interconnectivity of individual systems that did not communicate with each other. This paper deals with changes in communication with the tax administrator on the example of the Czech Republic. The paper emphasizes the state before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, and predictions of the future development of digitalization in the tax administration.

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Matoušková, Michaela. « Development of the Capital Value Index of Commercial Real Estate on the Czech Market ». ACC JOURNAL 29, n^o 2 (1 juin 2023) : 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acc-2023-0005.

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Abstract The global financial crisis has shown that property prices can significantly affect the financial sector and the real economy. More multinational investors are active in the commercial real estate market compared to the residential sector, which, according to the European Central Bank, increases the risk of spill-over of financial instability from abroad. Although the evolution of commercial property prices may increase the probability of default of firms operating in this sector, more attention is not given to a detailed analysis, which focuses mainly on residential property. This article analyses the development of the commercial real estate capital value index in the Czech Republic. The analysis revealed that, unlike the global economic crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic had a different impact on individual commercial real estate markets.

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Hruza, Petr, Ivo Dumišinec, Jiří Černý et Petr Gallus. « Use of Information Technology by the Army of the Czech Republic for Command and Control in Operations ». Science & ; Military 19, n^o 1 (2024) : 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52651/sam.a.2024.1.5-14.

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The aim of the article is to apply content analysis to specify the capabilities of combat sets and their abilities when employed in operations. The purpose of the article is focus on the capabilities of the C4ISTAR combat sets implemented in the Army of the Czech Republic (ACR) units. Next purpose is to examine the application of these technologies in an attempt to increase the efficiency of commanders in the implementation of command and control. Main result of the article is to describe current situation of ACR in the area of modern information technologies (IT) to support the planning and decisionmaking process at the tactical level. In the context of modernization, we must not forget about security ˗ specifically cyber security. In the military environment, this is a very topical topic recently. Penetration testing can be used to verify well-set cyber security.

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Hudáková Stašová, Lenka. « Analysis of Calculation Methods Currently Practised at V4 Agricultural Holdings ». Agris on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics 13, n^o 4 (30 décembre 2021) : 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7160/aol.2021.130403.

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This paper assesses calculation methods in the Visegrad 4 countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia) and, based thereon, recommends and considers activity-based costing (ABC) in the agricultural sector, while evaluating manager knowledge of ABC as an appropriate alternative to outdated, “conventional” methods of calculating costs that are used in practice. It was found that a majority of agricultural holdings in the V4 are currently using conventional cost calculation methods and the most frequent reason for their failure to incorporate ABC is low awareness among managers. Farms and agricultural holdings that have introduced ABC and utilise it to assign their costs evaluate its benefits highly positively, in particular, ABC’s more accurate identification of costs, mainly overheads; more effective cost management and the accuracy of price estimates. From this analysis and assessment, introduction of ABC is recommended for companies in order to obtain the different benefits associated with the method. Successfully implementing ABC leads to a number of advantages, especially in the inevitable decision-making agricultural holdings face about high overhead costs. From the information obtained, managers at agricultural holdings have little information, in most cases, about ABC as an appropriate alternative to the outdated “conventional” cost estimate methods practised today. It is therefore important to work on raising managers' awareness of new approaches to costing by publishing scientific articles with specific examples from practice, pointing out the advantage of the ABC method, especially with high overheads, which are almost the rule in agricultural holdings.

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Prochazka, Vit, Marek Trneny, David Salek, David Belada, Tomas Kozak, Tomas Papajik, Robert Pytlik et al. « Median Absolute Lymphocyte Count Independently Predicts Survival of Elderly Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated with R-Chemotherapy : Analysis of 651 Patients Included In the Czech Lymphoma Project ». Blood 116, n^o 21 (19 novembre 2010) : 2882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.2882.2882.

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Abstract Abstract 2882 Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) at time of diagnosis has been documented as an independent predictor of survival in patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The optimal cut-off values of ALC are still a matter of debate. An extensive analysis of the prognostic impact of ALC in the elderly population treated with rituximab has not yet been carried out. Thus, we assessed the prognostic significance of different ALCs in unselected, newly diagnosed elderly patients with DLBCL in the population of the Central European region (the Czech Lymphoma Project registry). We analyzed data of 651 patients with confirmed DLBCL older than 59 years. Those with CNS involvement were excluded. The median age at diagnosis was 69 years (range, 60–97); the Ann Arbor stages were as follows: I (16.5%), II (26.1%), III (15.9%), and IV (41.5%). The IPI scores were: low (L) 19.8%, low-intermediate (LI) 26.6%, intermediate-high (IH) 24.3%, and high (H) 29.3%. We analyzed the prognostic value of lymphopenia with 3 different cut-off values. Values of ALC < 1.0 × 109/L and ALC < 0.84 × 109/L were chosen according to the previously published data, the third value was the median ALC at diagnosis (ALC 1.35 × 109/L). ALC < 1.0 × 109/L was observed in 201 (31%) and ALC < 0.84 × 109/L in 159 (24%) patients. ALCs below predefined levels were associated with higher (IH, H) IPI scores: ALC < 0.84 × 109/L (78% vs 46%, p < 0.001), ALC < 1.0 × 109/L (77% vs 43%, p < 0.001), and ALC < 1.35 × 109/L (68% vs 38%, p < 0.001); advanced disease (stages III/IV): ALC < 0.84 × 109/L (72% vs 53%, p < 0.001), ALC < 1.0 × 109/L (72% vs 51%, p < 0.001), and ALC < 1.35 × 109/L (66% vs 48%, p < 0.001); and low performance status (ECOG ≥ 2): ALC < 0.84 × 109/L (52% vs 27%, p < 0.001), ALC < 1.0 × 109/L (50% vs 25%, p < 0.001), and ALC < 1.35 × 109/L (43% vs 22%, p < 0.001). In 85% of patients, treatment was initiated with an anthracycline-containing regimen (CHOP), i.e. only 15% of patients recieved a non-anthracycline-based regimen (COP). The median number of chemotherapy cycles was 6. Chemotherapy was combined with rituximab in all patients (a median of 6 doses). Generally, treatment response was assessed in 544 (83.6%) patients. Complete remission (CR) or unconfirmed CR was achieved in 79.8% and partial remission in 12.5% of patients, with 7.7% of patients being classified as having stable disease or disease progression. CR rates were significantly higher in patients with higher lymphocyte counts: ALC > 0.84 × 109/L (82% vs 71%, p = 0.006), ALC >1.0 × 109/L (83.1% vs 71.7%, p = 0.008), and ALC > 1.35 × 109/L (85% vs 75%, p = 0.027). The overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were superior in all subgroups of patients with higher ALC levels. The 3-year OS rates stratified by lymphocyte count: ALC > 0.84 × 109/L (67% vs 51%, p = 0.0002), ALC > 1.0 × 109/L (67% vs 52%, p = 0.0017), and ALC > 1.35 × 109/L (71% vs 55%, p = 0.0001). The 3-year EFS rates stratified by lymphocyte count: ALC > 0.84 × 109/L (61% vs 44%, p = 0.0002), ALC > 1.0 × 109/L (62% vs 44%, p = 0.0002), and ALC > 1.35 × 109/L (66% vs 47%, p < 0.0001). Only ALC < 1.35 × 109/L was found to be an independent negative prognostic factor for the OS (RR = 1.53, p = 0.006) and EFS (RR = 1.43, p = 0.013) in a multivariate analysis when compared with the LDH level, clinical stage, performance status and age (above median). In summary, the data support the hypothesis that host innate immunity is critical in tumor growth control and is a limiting factor for the efficacy of immunochemotherapy in elderly patients with DLBCL. The optimal cut-off levels of ALC may be different in various populations. This fact should be taken into account when designing new ALC-based prognostic schemes. Disclosures: Prochazka: ROCHE: Honoraria. Pytlik:ROCHE: Honoraria.

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Kumari, S., et W. Decraemer. « First Report of the Dagger Nematode Xiphinema dentatum (Nematoda : Longidoridae) in a Deciduous Forest in the Czech Republic ». Plant Disease 92, n^o 9 (septembre 2008) : 1370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-9-1370b.

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Xiphinema species are migratory ectoparasitic nematodes that feed on an extensive range of hosts and several species are vectors of nepoviruses. These long nematodes are readily distinguished from most other plant parasitic nematodes by a long stylet with forked odontostyle and flanged odontophore. In May of 2005, a sample from the rhizosphere of Carpinus betulus and Acer platanoides in a forest near Silnicna, South Moravia yielded a population of Xiphinema dentatum Sturhan, 1978. X. dentatum previously has been reported to be associated with several forest and grassland species in Germany, the former Yugoslavia, and Slovakia. Specimens were extracted from soil by decanting-sieving. A few female specimens were stored at –20°C in 1 M NaCl, and the rest of the specimens were heat killed, fixed in triethanolamine formalin, and mounted in anhydrous glycerin. In 2007, nematodes from permanent slides were identified by morphological and morphometrical characters (3): female body C shaped in fixed specimens, lip region offset by a depression, reproductive system amphidelphic with the presence of well developed pseudo Z-organ, and tail broadly convex-conoid to regularly hemispherical; main average morphometric of females were body length 3.6 mm, total stylet length 220 μm, vulva position 46%, and tail ratio 0.66. Identification of these nematodes was further verified by sequencing cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) of mtDNA and D2/D3 expansion segments of large subunit rDNA. Two individual female specimens from NaCl storage were transferred to 0.5-ml Eppendorf tubes containing 0.25 M NaOH. Total genomic DNA was prepared by a rapid technique (4). The cox1 gene was amplified using forward primer COIF (5′-GAT TTT TTG GKC ATC CWG ARG-3′) and reverse primer COIR (5′-CWA CAT AAT AAG TAT CAT G-3′) (2). D2/D3 expansion segments of large subunit of rDNA were amplified using forward primer D2A (5′-ACA AGT ACC GTG AGG GAA AGT TG -3′) and reverse primer D3B (5′-TCG GAA GGA ACC AGC TAC TA-3′) (1). The regions were sequenced in both directions after purification of PCR products from gel slices with a Qiagen gel extraction kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). The sequences of two individual females were identical. The sequences were deposited in GenBank (Accession Nos. EU781537 [cox1] and EU781538 [D2/D3]). The length of cox1 was 393 bp and D2/D3 was 786 bp. The obtained sequences were compared by BLAST in NCBI. The cox1 gene sequence is not available in GenBank for X. dentatum, but the best BLAST hits were logically obtained with Xiphinema species. BLAST results of D2/D3 sequence showed strong similarities (99.6%) with X. dentatum Accession No. AY601627 and only a three nucleotide difference was observed in the beginning of the 5′ end. To our knowledge, this is the first report of X. dentatum associated with deciduous forest trees in the Czech Republic. Forests are the main terrestrial ecosystems and rich in species diversity and are of great importance as natural resources. Therefore, information on these plant parasitic nematodes from forests would be useful because they are a component of the continental forest diversity. References: (1) P. De Ley et al. Nematology 2:591, 1999. (2) Y. He et al. J. Mol. Evol. 61:819, 2005. (3) P. A. A. Loof and M. Luc. Syst. Parasitol. 16:35, 1990. (4) J. M. Stanton. Australas. Plant Pathol. 27:112, 1998.

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