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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Curettes »

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Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 25 juillet 2024

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1

Wink, Cherie, Kairong Lin, Benjamin E. Dolan, Kathryn Osann, Ali A. Habib et Petra Wilder-Smith. « Evaluating the Ergonomic Performance of a Novel Periodontal Curette with Adaptive Handle Design ». Hygiene 4, no 2 (22 avril 2024) : 164–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hygiene4020013.

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(1) Background: Periodontal instrumentation with dental curettes is associated with discomfort, fatigue, and musculoskeletal diseases. The goal of this study was to compare comfort, fatigue, and muscle work using three different curettes. (2) Methods: Eight hygienists each scaled three typodonts using the three different curettes. Curette A was a prototype with a novel adaptive design, Curette B had a conventional stainless-steel design, and Curette C featured a conventional silicon-covered handle. Time-based work in four muscles, comfort, fatigue, tactile feedback, grip and blade position, and pinch and grasp strength were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using a General Linear Model (GLIM) and Tukey’s post hoc test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. (3) Results: Comfort, correct grasp, fingertip placement, and blade-to-tooth adaptation were significantly better with Curette A (p < 0.05). While pinch and grasp strength were significantly reduced post-instrumentation for Curettes B and C (p < 0.05), they remained unchanged for Curette A. Curette A required significantly less total muscle work and work in individual muscles, resulting in significantly less post-instrumentation fatigue than for Curettes B and C, but similar levels of tactile feedback (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: The ergonomic performance of a prototype adaptive periodontal curette was significantly better than that of two conventional instruments with rigid handle designs.
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Sampaio, José Eduardo Cezar, Roberto Antonio Andrade Acevedo et Jamil A. Shibli. « Scanning Electron Microscope Assessment of Several Resharpening Techniques on the Cutting Edges of Gracey Curettes ». Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 8, no 7 (2007) : 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-8-7-70.

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Abstract Aim Treatment of periodontal diseases is based on efficient scaling and root planing (SRP) and adequate maintenance of the patient. The effectiveness of SRP is influenced by operator skill, access to the subgingival area, root anatomy, and the quality and type of instrument used for SRP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cutting edges of Gracey curettes after manufacturing and after resharpening using several techniques. Methods and Material The cutting edges of a total of 41 new #5-6 stainless steel Gracey curettes were evaluated blindly using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The quality of the cutting edges was evaluated blindly by a calibrated examiner using micrographs. Data were analyzed using a Kruskal Wallis test and nonparametric two-way multiple comparisons. Results and Conclusions Different sharpening techniques had significantly different effects on the sharpeness of cutting edges (p<0.05). Sharpening by passing the lateral face of curettes over a sharpening stone and then a #299 Arkansas stone produced a high frequency of smooth, sharp edges or slightly irregular edges between the lateral and coronal faces of the curettes. Sharpening by passing a blunt stone over the curette's lateral face produced the poorest quality cutting edge (a bevel). Sharpening of the coronal curette face produced extremely irregular cutting edges and non-functional wire edges. Sharpening with rotary devices produced extremely irregular cutting edges. Citation Andrade Acevedo RA, Sampaio JEC, Shibli JA. Scanning Electron Microscope Assessment of Several Resharpening Techniques on the Cutting Edges of Gracey Curettes. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:070-077.
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Lin, Kairong, Cherie Wink, Ben Dolan, Kathryn Osann, Ali A. Habib, Jill Gehrig et Petra Wilder-Smith. « A Novel Ergonomic Curette Design Reduces Dental Prophylaxis-Induced Muscle Work and Fatigue ». Dentistry Journal 11, no 12 (28 novembre 2023) : 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj11120272.

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Background: To compare fatigue, comfort, and muscle work associated with the use of two periodontal curettes during scaling: one with a novel adaptive design, the other with a conventional non-adaptive design. Methods: Twelve hygienists scaled a typodont using two Universal Barnhart 5/6 curettes: (1) a prototype featuring an adaptive silicone-covered handle (Curette A), and (2) a stainless-steel curette (Curette B). Surface Electromyography (sEMG) traced muscle work. Hand positions, fatigue, comfort, pinch, and grasp strength were recorded. Paired t-tests and a repeated measures ANOVA with covariates were tested for differences. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: Curette A performed significantly better in all categories. Pinch and grasp strength and fatigue were significantly reduced post-instrumentation for Curette B. Curette A required significantly less (i) total muscle work and (ii) work in individual muscles. Comfort, correct grasp, and blade adaptation were significantly better using Curette A. Conclusions: A curette featuring a novel adaptive handle design demonstrated significantly improved ergonomic performance. Additional clinical studies are needed to solidify our understanding of the potential short- and long-term benefits of the novel curette handle design. Practical Implications: A novel adaptive curette handle design that enables the clinician to adapt the instrument across the index finger may reduce musculoskeletal burden and fatigue, as well as improve comfort during periodontal instrumentation.
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Ota, Rizou, Eri Iwaki, Kentaro Sakai, Tomohiro Haraguchi, Yasuyuki Kaneko, Satoshi Sekiguchi, Ryoji Yamaguchi et Kiyokazu Naganobu. « Dural Changes Induced by an Ultrasonic Bone Curette in an Excised Porcine Spinal Cord ». Veterinary Sciences 9, no 11 (28 octobre 2022) : 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9110601.

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In spinal surgery, ultrasonic bone curettes are considered unlikely to cause mechanical injury to the dura; however, there is little evidence to support this claim. We investigated the effect of direct contact with an ultrasonic bone curette on the dura and the protective effect of covering the dura with a cotton pattie using an excised porcine spinal cord. The ultrasonic bone curette was pressed against the porcine spinal cord with constant force and activated for 1 s, with or without covering the dura with a cotton pattie. The dural surface and cross-section were observed using electron and light microscopy. When the ultrasonic bone curette was applied directly against the dura, most specimens showed non-perforating dural injuries. However, none of the specimens showed dural perforation. Histological changes were also observed. The use of a cotton pattie reduced the occurrence of these changes, although it did not prevent them when ultrasonic vibration was applied with a large force. We considered ultrasonic bone curettes to have a low risk of dural perforation and, thus, to be a safe surgical device as long as they did not accidentally make strong contact with the dura.
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Aslan İğrek, Canan, et Ali Çekici. « Evaluation of Alterations That May Occur on Root Surfaces after Root Planing Procedures with a Scanning Electron Microscope ». Applied Sciences 14, no 10 (14 mai 2024) : 4172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14104172.

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Background: The aim of root debridement procedures in non-surgical periodontal treatment is the elimination of etiologic factors that cause periodontal disease, as well as the removal of cement affected by the disease. However, root debridement procedures for the treatment of periodontal diseases produce root surface irregularities that can adversely affect the healing of periodontal tissues. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the surface texture of a root after instrumentation, including an ultrasonic instrument, a Gracey curette, or a double Gracey curette. Methods: A total of 26 single-rooted teeth were used in this study; two specimens were used as controls, and the remaining 24 specimens were equally divided into three groups. Specimens from each group were then subjected to root planing using one of the following instruments: (1) an ultrasonic instrument; (2) a Gracey curette; or (3) a double Gracey curette. The control group was treated with no instrumentation. The extracted teeth were analyzed under a scanning electron microscope and graded in terms of the “roughness and loss of tooth substance index” and the “exposed dentin tubule index.” The SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) V.21 program was used to conduct a statistical analysis of the data obtained in this study. While evaluating the data, in addition to descriptive statistical methods (mean and standard deviation), a one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) was carried out to compare the quantitative data and evaluate normally distributed parameters between groups, while a post hoc multiple comparison test was carried out for subgroup comparisons. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the roughness and material loss on the root surfaces in the samples treated with the ultrasonic instrument or the Gracey curette, and no exposed dentine tubules were observed. Meanwhile, it was observed that the double Gracey curette caused more roughness and material loss on the root surface, and exposed dentine tubules were observed in some samples. The time required for treatment using a double Gracey curette was significantly shorter than that required with the Gracey curette and ultrasonic instruments. Conclusions: The double Gracey curettes produced a relatively rougher root surface than the Gracey curettes or the ultrasonic instrument.
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Bydon, Mohamad, Risheng Xu, Kyriakos Papademetriou, Daniel M. Sciubba, Jean-Paul Wolinsky, Timothy F. Witham, Ziya L. Gokaslan, George Jallo et Ali Bydon. « Safety of spinal decompression using an ultrasonic bone curette compared with a high-speed drill : outcomes in 337 patients ». Journal of Neurosurgery : Spine 18, no 6 (juin 2013) : 627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.2.spine12879.

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Object Unintended durotomies are a common complication of spine surgery and are often correlated with increased postoperative morbidity. Recently, ultrasonic bone curettes have been introduced in spine surgery as a possible alternative to the conventional high-speed drill, offering the potential for greater bone-cutting precision and less damage to surrounding soft tissues. To date, however, few studies have investigated the safety and efficacy of the ultrasonic bone curette in reducing the rates of incidental durotomy compared with the high-speed drill. Methods The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 337 consecutive patients who underwent posterior cervical or thoracic decompression at a single institution between January 2009 and September 2011. Preoperative pathologies, the location and extent of spinal decompression, and the use of an ultrasonic bone curette versus the high-speed drill were noted. The rates of incidental durotomy, as well as hospital length of stay (LOS) and perioperative outcomes, were compared between patients who were treated using the ultrasonic bone curette and those treated using a high-speed drill. Results Among 88 patients who were treated using an ultrasonic bone curette and 249 who were treated using a high-speed drill, 5 (5.7%) and 9 (3.6%) patients had an unintentional durotomy, respectively. This finding was not statistically significant (p = 0.40). No patients in either cohort experienced statistically higher rates of perioperative complications, although patients treated using an ultrasonic bone curette tended to have a longer hospital LOS. This difference may be attributed to the fact that this series contained a statistically higher number of metastatic tumor cases (p < 0.0001) in the ultrasonic bone curette cohort, likely increasing the LOS for that patient population. In 13 patients, the dural defect was repaired intraoperatively. No patients who experienced an incidental durotomy had new-onset or permanent neurological deficits postoperatively. Conclusions The safety and efficacy of ultrasonic bone curettes in spine surgery has not been well established. This study shows that the ultrasonic bone curette has a similar safety profile compared with the high-speed drill, although both are capable of causing iatrogenic dural tears during spine surgery.
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Tsurumaki, Jackeline do Nascimento, Bráulio Henrique Marques Souto, Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes de Oliveira, José Eduardo Cézar Sampaio, Elcio Marcantonio Júnior et Rosemary Adriana Chiérici Marcantonio. « Effect of instrumentation using curettes, piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler and Er,Cr:YSGG laser on the morphology and adhesion of blood components on root surfaces : a SEM study ». Brazilian Dental Journal 22, no 3 (2011) : 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402011000300002.

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This study used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the morphology and adhesion of blood components on root surfaces instrumented by curettes, piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler and Er,Cr:YSGG laser. One hundred samples from 25 teeth were divided into 5 groups: 1) Curettes; 2) Piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler; 3) Curettes plus piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler; 4) Er,Cr:YSGG laser; 5) Curettes plus Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Ten samples from each group were used for analysis of root morphology and the other 10 were used for analysis of adhesion of blood components on root surface. The results were analyzed statistically by the Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests with a significance level of 5%. The group treated with curettes showed smoother surfaces when compared to the groups were instrumented with piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler and the Er,Cr:YSGG laser. The surfaces instrumented with piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler and Er,Cr:YSGG laser, alone or in combination with hand scaling and root planing, did not differ significantly (p>0.05) among themselves. No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) among groups were found as to the adhesion of blood components on root surface. Ultrasonic instrumentation and Er,Cr:YSGG irradiation produced rougher root surfaces than the use of curettes, but there were no differences among treatments with respect to the adhesion of blood components.
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Matheus André Müller, Emanuelle Cunha, Rafaela Scariot, João Cesar Zielak, Felipe Rychuv Santos, Tatiana Miranda Deliberador et Carmen Lucia Mueller Storrer. « Effect of the use of different periodontal curettes on the topography and roughness of root surface ». RSBO 13, no 1 (25 mars 2016) : 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/rsbo.v13i1.677.

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Periodontal scaling is the treatment approach most used to remove dental calculus, plaque, and altered cementum from root surface. During root decontamination, the instruments used leave the root rougher and more irregular. Objective: To verify the root surface after mechanical scaling with different Gracey curettes steel through SEM and superficial roughness analyses. Material and methods: Twelve teeth were embedded in acrylic resin. The teeth were instrumented with new Gracey curettes Gracey 5/6 from different brands. The groups (n=2) were divided into: control, no instrumentation (GC); carbon steel (CSN); stainless steel Neumar (SSN); stainless steel Millenium (SSM); premium steel Neumar (PSN); Hu-Friedy (HF). An area measuring 3 x 3 mm2 was marked on the distal surface of the root to guide the Reading of the root topography on SEM and rugosimeter. The data were analyzed by a single examiner previously calibrated. SEM analysis was based on scores of the root surface smoothness after scaling. We analyzed the parameters of mean roughness (Ra) and mean roughness deepness (Rz). SEM data were submitted to statistical analysis through Fisher’s exact test (p < 0.002) and roughness data by Anova followed by Student t test. Results: The quality of the active surface of the curette demonstrated by SEM and roughness analyses that it can exert difference in the result regarding to the homogeneity produced after the scaling of root surface. Group SSM demonstrated a homogenous root surface (score 0) in SEM and better smoothness in rugosimeter analysis. Conclusion: According to com the methodology used, the group of curettes that provided better smoothness of root surface after scaling was SSM.
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 . « Nieuw ontwikkelde curettes en scalers ». TandartsPraktijk 26, no 12 (décembre 2005) : 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03072730.

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Grande, Francesco, Edoardo Mochi Zamperoli, Mario Cesare Pozzan, Fabio Tesini et Santo Catapano. « Qualitative Evaluation of the Effects of Professional Oral Hygiene Instruments on Prosthetic Ceramic Surfaces ». Materials 15, no 1 (21 décembre 2021) : 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15010021.

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During professional hygiene procedures, different instruments used may cause various damage to dental prostheses. Deplaquing and scaling with curettes and ultrasonic instruments may inadvertently increase the surface roughness of the material and the risk of future bacterial adhesion and/or also compromise the marginal seal of the prosthesis. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the qualitative effects of two types of curettes and one piezoelectric instrument with a stainless-steel tip on three types of metal-free samples. After treating the samples with different instrumentations, they were analyzed using the scanning electron microscope and then underwent a qualitative microanalysis by using a spectroscopy machine. All the materials tested in this study have undergone significant changes of their superficial structure after instrumentation both with mechanical and manual instruments. Plastic curettes appeared to be less aggressive than the other instruments. Disilicate samples show a significantly lower degree of surface glazing erosion compared to the zirconia sample with all the instruments used.
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Shaalan, Hisham F. « What is the right size of the adenoid curette ? » Journal of Laryngology & ; Otology 117, no 10 (octobre 2003) : 796–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002221503770716232.

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The use of an adenoid curette of appropriate size is recommended in operative textbooks for adequate adenoid removal and avoidance of potential injury to the eustachian tubes. The aim of this study is to calculate the right size of adenoid curettes to be used for children of different ages. The inter-tubal space (ITS) between the torus tubarius on both sides is the narrowest passage for adenoid curettage, and is identified in this study as the nasopharyngeal dimension to be considered in selecting the size of the adenoid curette. This prospective study is carried out on a series of 72 adenoidectomy cases aged from three to nine years at the Hearing and Speech Institute in Cairo, Egypt. The inter-tubal dimension (ITD) is measured for each child at the end of adenoidectomy and the results are recorded against the patient’s age. The ITD ranged from 17–21 mm in our series with no significant difference between males and females. There is an increase in ITD with age with a sharp increase at ages five and seven years. Accordingly, the patients are divided into three age groups and recommendations for appropriate adenoid curette sizes ranging from 18 to 21 mm are given for each group.
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Leppäniemi, Jarmo, Jussi Lyytinen, Oskari Elomaa, Kimmo Suomalainen et Jari Koskinen. « The Influence of PVD Coatings on the Wear Performance of Steel Dental Curettes ». Key Engineering Materials 674 (janvier 2016) : 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.674.289.

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The wear properties of steel dental curettes coated with wear resistant Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) and metal nitride coatings deposited by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) were studied by using a customized mechanical device simulating motion and load of dental curettes against human teeth. The wear surfaces were studied by optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Nanoindentation. Rockwell indentation testing was used to evaluate the coating adhesion. With the optimized combination of substrate steel and wear resistant coating reduction of 80% in the wear of instruments could be achieved.
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Nakagawa, Hiroshi, Hisaaki Uchikado, Sang-Don Kim, Tatsushi Inouye et Junichi Mizuno. « Ultrasonic bone curettes in spinal surgery ». International Congress Series 1259 (février 2004) : 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0531-5131(03)01414-6.

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Sisco, Alton Brown, Troy M. Tippett et Charles E. Chapleau. « Bayonette curettes for anterior cervical spine procedures ». Journal of Neurosurgery 63, no 1 (juillet 1985) : 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1985.63.1.0141.

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Zafar, Muhammad Sohail. « Comparing the effects of manual and ultrasonic instrumentation on root surface mechanical properties ». European Journal of Dentistry 10, no 04 (octobre 2016) : 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.195162.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the current study is to analyze the surface profiles of healthy and periodontal-treated roots. In addition, manual and ultrasonic instrumentation methods have been compared in terms of surface mechanical properties of root surfaces including surface roughness, hardness, and elastic modulus. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using extracted teeth that were randomly divided into two study groups (1 and 2). Root planing was performed using either Gracey curettes (Group 1) or ultrasonic scaler (Group 2). The noncontact profilometer was used to analyze surface roughness before and after root planing. A nanoindenter was used to analyze the surface mechanical properties. Results: The root planing treatment reduced the peak and valley heights hence decreasing the surface roughness. The average maximum height of peaks (Sp) and average maximum height of valleys (Sv) for control groups remain 83.08 ± 18.47 μm and 117.58 ± 18.02 μm. The Sp was reduced to 32.86 ± 7.99 μm and 62.11 ± 16.07 μm for Groups 1 and 2, respectively. The Sv was reduced to 49.32 ± 29.51 μm for Group 1 and 80.87 ± 17.99 μm Group 2. The nanohardness and modulus of elasticity for cementum of the control group remain 0.28 ± 0.13 GPa and 5.09 ± 2.67 GPa, respectively. Conclusions: Gracey curettes and ultrasonic scalers are capable of significantly reducing the roughness following root planing. Although Gracey curettes produced smoother surfaces than ultrasonic scalers, there was no significant difference.
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Gardner, E. G., J. Sappington, M. A. Arriaga et S. P. Kanotra. « Ultrasonic bone aspirator use in endoscopic ear surgery : feasibility and safety assessed using cadaveric temporal bones ». Journal of Laryngology & ; Otology 131, no 11 (18 septembre 2017) : 987–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215117001955.

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AbstractObjectives:To describe the feasibility and assess the safety of using an ultrasonic bone aspirator in endoscopic ear surgery.Methods:Five temporal bones were dissected via endoscopic ear surgery using a Sonopet ultrasonic bone aspirator. Atticoantrostomy was undertaken. Another four bones were dissected using routine endoscopic equipment and standard bone curettes in a similar manner. Feasibility and safety were assessed in terms of: dissection time, atticoantrostomy adequacy, tympanomeatal flap damage, chorda tympani nerve injury, ossicular injury, ossicular chain disruption, facial nerve exposure and dural injury.Results:The time taken to perform atticoantrostomy was significantly less with the use of the ultrasonic bone aspirator as compared to conventional bone curettes.Conclusion:The ultrasonic bone aspirator is a feasible option in endoscopic ear surgery. It enables easy bone removal, with no additional complications and greater efficacy than traditional bone curettes. It should be a part of the armamentarium for transcanal endoscopic ear surgery.
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Hasegawa, T., M. Kitabayashi, T. Komai et K. Yamano. « Brachycephalic, serrated curettes for anterior cervical spinal microsurgery ». Acta Neurochirurgica 106, no 1-2 (mars 1990) : 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01809338.

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Kruse, Anne B., Stephan Fortmeier, Kirstin Vach, Elmar Hellwig, Petra Ratka-Krüger et Nadine Schlueter. « Impact of air-polishing using erythritol on surface roughness and substance loss in dental hard tissue : An ex vivo study ». PLOS ONE 19, no 2 (26 février 2024) : e0286672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286672.

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This ex vivo study aimed to investigate surface roughness and substance loss after treatment with different professional cleaning methods and to determine whether subsequent polishing with a rubber cup and polishing paste is necessary. Samples (flat and natural surfaces) of human enamel and dentin were prepared (baseline) and treated with either a curette, air-polishing with erythritol, a rubber cup and polishing paste, or a combination thereof (treatment). Subsequently, all samples were immersed in an ultrasonic bath (ultrasonic) to remove residues from the treatment procedures. The surface roughness values sRa and sRz as well as tissue loss were measured profilometrically. Linear regression models were used to compare group differences (roughness and loss) considering the corresponding baseline value. The significance level was set at p<0.05. sRa increased significantly after treatment with curettes or air-polishing with erythritol in both enamel (p<0.001) and dentin (p<0.001) of flat samples. The same effect was observed for sRz in dentin (p<0.001) but not for enamel compared to negative control. Polishing with a rubber cup and paste alone had no significant effect on roughness values. When combined with other treatments, the effect of curette or air-polishing with erythritol dominated the effect. In enamel, none of the tested methods led to measurable tissue loss. In dentin, air-polishing with erythritol caused ≤50% tissue loss compared to the curette. Conclusively, for enamel, treatment effects on roughness were measurable but of limited clinical relevance. For dentin, air-polishing resulted in a smaller but insignificant roughness increase and less tissue loss compared to the curette. Polishing with a rubber cup and paste did not affect surface roughness. Regarding the clinical application, the use of air-polishing seems to be a less invasive procedure than using a curette; polishing with rubber cup and paste offers no advantage in terms of reducing roughness as a final procedure.
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Graetz, Christian, Paula Fecke, Miriam Seidel, Anne Sophie Engel, Susanne Schorr, Johanna Sentker, Christof E. Dörfer et Sonja Sälzer. « Evaluation of a systematic digitized training program on the effectivity of subgingival instrumentation with curettes and sonic scalers in vitro ». Clinical Oral Investigations 25, no 1 (30 mai 2020) : 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03356-8.

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Abstract Objectives Whereas the key role of subgingival instrumentation in periodontal therapy is well known, the influence of operators’ experience/training with different devices on treatment results is yet uncertain. Therefore, we assessed untrained undergraduate students, working on manikins, as to how effectively they learn to use curettes (GRA) and sonic scalers (AIR); hypothesizing that AIR will result in higher relative cleaning efficacy (RCE) than GRA. Material and methods Before baseline evaluation (T0), 30 operators (9 males, 21 females) received a 2-h theoretical lesson for both instruments, followed by a 12-week period with a weekly digitized training program for 45 min. During three sessions (T1–T3), the operators had to instrument six equivalent test teeth with GRA and AIR. At T0–T3, treatment time, proportion of removed simulated biofilm (RCE-b), and hard deposits (RCE-d) were measured. Results At T0, RCE-b was in mean(SD) 64.18(25.74) % for GRA, 62.25(26.69) % for AIR; (p = 0.172) and RCE-d 85.48(12.32) %/ 65.71(15.27) % (p < 0.001). At T3, operators reached highest RCE-b in both groups (GRA/AIR 71.54(23.90) %/71.75(23.05)%; p = 0.864); RCE-d GRA/AIR: 84.68(16.84) %/77.85(13.98) %; p < 0.001). Both groups achieved shorter treatment times after training. At T3, using curettes was faster (GRA/AIR 16.67(3.31) min/19.80(4.52) min; p < 0.001). Conclusions After systematic digitized training, untrained operators were able to clean 70% of the root surfaces with curettes and sonic scalers. Clinical relevance It can be concluded that a systematic digitized and interactive training program in manikin heads is helpful in the training of root surface debridement.
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Coldiron, Nancy B., Raymond A. Yukna, Jim Weir et Richard F. Caudill. « A Quantitative Study of Cementum Removal With Hand Curettes ». Journal of Periodontology 61, no 5 (mai 1990) : 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.1990.61.5.293.

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Alves, Renato Vasconcelos, Luciana Machion, Marcio Zaffalon Casati, Francisco Humberto Nociti, Enilson Antonio Sallum et Antonio Wilson Sallum. « Clinical attachment loss produced by curettes and ultrasonic scalers ». Journal of Clinical Periodontology 32, no 7 (juillet 2005) : 691–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051x.2005.00713.x.

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Pérez Lara, Francisco Javier, Juan Manuel Hernández Carmona, Arturo del Rey Moreno et Horacio Oliva Munoz. « Cylindrical Curettes for the Treatment of Complex Perianal Fistulas ». Diseases of the Colon & ; Rectum 57, no 9 (septembre 2014) : 1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dcr.0000000000000185.

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Rühling, A., H. Schlemme, J. König, T. Kocher, C. Schwahn et H. C. Plagmann. « Learning root debridement with curettes and power-driven instruments ». Journal of Clinical Periodontology 29, no 7 (juillet 2002) : 622–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051x.2002.290706.x.

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Rühling, A., J. König, H. Rolf, T. Kocher, C. Schwahn et H. C. Plagmann. « Learning root debridement with curettes and power-driven instruments ». Journal of Clinical Periodontology 30, no 7 (juillet 2003) : 611–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051x.2003.00305.x.

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Adé, Apolline, Anne-Claire Steinmetz, Martine Havet et Helene Barreteau. « Bon usage des curettes dermatologiques stériles à usage unique ». Le Pharmacien Hospitalier et Clinicien 51, no 1 (mars 2016) : 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phclin.2016.01.034.

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Nakase, H., R. Matsuda, Y. Shin, Y. S. Park et T. Sakaki. « The use of ultrasonic bone curettes in spinal surgery ». Acta Neurochirurgica 148, no 2 (28 novembre 2005) : 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00701-005-0655-7.

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Hamada, Yusuke, Abudulaziz AlSakr, Stephen Towns et Steven B. Blanchard. « Effect of Medical-Grade Polyurethane Sponges on Sinus Membrane Perforation With a Lateral Window Approach ». Journal of Oral Implantology 47, no 1 (6 mars 2020) : 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00137.

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The most commonly reported complication during the sinus elevation surgical procedure is the perforation of the Schneiderian membrane. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the rate of sinus membrane perforation during lateral window augmentation using either conventional sinus curettes or medical-grade polyurethane sponges. This retrospective study included patients who received a lateral window approach for sinus floor elevation. The sinus elevation procedures using medical-grade polyurethane sponges (test) or conventional curettes (control) were recorded and analyzed. All subjects' demographic data and preexisting conditions were evaluated. A total of 38 procedures met inclusion criteria, and those data were evaluated for analysis. There were no statistically significant differences in demographic data or preexisting conditions including age, sex, treatment location, presence and absence of septum, Schneiderian membrane thickness, and residual bone height between test and control groups. The membrane perforation rate was 7% in the test group and 43% in the control group; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance (P = .064). Within the limitations of this study, although there was no statistically significant reduction of sinus membrane perforation with the use of medical-grade polyurethane sponges, the decreased incidence of perforation might be of clinical significance.
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Eun, Seung-Mo, Keunbada Son, Sung-Min Hwang, Young-Tak Son, Yong-Gun Kim, Jo-Young Suh, Jun Ho Hwang et al. « The Impact of Mechanical Debridement Techniques on Titanium Implant Surfaces : A Comparison of Sandblasted, Acid-Etched, and Femtosecond Laser-Treated Surfaces ». Journal of Functional Biomaterials 14, no 10 (9 octobre 2023) : 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14100502.

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This study evaluated the effects of various mechanical debridement methods on the surface roughness (Ra) of dental implants, comparing femtosecond laser-treated surfaces with conventionally machined and sandblasted with large-grit sand and acid-etched (SLA) implant surfaces. The fabrication of grade 4 titanium (Ti) disks (10 mm in diameter and 1 mm thick) and the SLA process were carried out by a dental implant manufacturer (DENTIS; Daegu, Republic of Korea). Subsequently, disk surfaces were treated with various methods: machined, SLA, and femtosecond laser. Disks of each surface-treated group were post-treated with mechanical debridement methods: Ti curettes, ultrasonic scaler, and Ti brushes. Scanning electron microscopy, Ra, and wettability were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal–Wallis H test, with post-hoc analyses conducted using the Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05). In the control group, no significant difference in Ra was observed between the machined and SLA groups. However, femtosecond laser-treated surfaces exhibited higher Ra than SLA surfaces (p < 0.05). The application of Ti curette or brushing further accentuated the roughness of the femtosecond laser-treated surfaces, whereas scaling reduced the Ra in SLA surfaces. Femtosecond laser-treated implant surfaces, with their unique roughness and compositional attributes, are promising alternatives in dental implant surface treatments.
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Toma, Selena, Michel C. Brecx et Jerome F. Lasserre. « Clinical Evaluation of Three Surgical Modalities in the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis : A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial ». Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no 7 (3 juillet 2019) : 966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8070966.

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Objectives: To compare the efficacy of three mechanical procedures for surgically treating peri-implantitis. Materials and Methods: In a randomized, prospective, parallel-group study, 47 patients with peri-implantitis were treated with (a) plastic curettes (n = 15 patients, 25 implants), (b) an air-abrasive device (Perio-Flow®, n = 16 patients,22 implants), or (c) a titanium brush (Ti-Brush®, n = 16 patients, 23 implants). Patients were assessed for the following measures at three timepoints (baseline, and three and six months after surgery): plaque index, bleeding on probing, gingival index, probing pocket depth (PPD), relative attachment level, and bone loss. Treatment outcome was considered successful when the implant was still present with PPD ≤ 5 mm, no bleeding on probing, and no further mean bone loss ≥ 0.5 mm. Results: A greater reduction of gingival index and PPD was observed in the titanium brush group than in the other groups at six months (P < 0.001). Relative attachment level decreased from baseline in each group at three months but was more marked in the titanium brush group (P < 0.001). At six months, there was less bone loss in the titanium brush group than in the plastic curette group (P < 0.001; linear mixed model and Kruskal–Wallis). A successful outcome was observed in 22% of implants in the plastic curette group, 27% in the Perio-Flow® group, and 33% in the Ti-Brush® group. Conclusions: The titanium brush and glycine air-polishing device were more effective than the other methods, but treatment success remained low. Combining mechanical procedures with antimicrobials and/or antibiotics might be a more effective strategy and warrants careful investigation.
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Fabiana de Almeida Curylofo, Lígia Araújo Barbosa, Ana Lúcia Roselino, Laiza Maria Grassi Fais et Luís Geraldo Vaz. « instrumentation of dental implants : a literature review ». RSBO 10, no 1 (28 mars 2014) : 82–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/rsbo.v10i1.900.

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The aim of this study was to review the literature on the systems used to decontaminate the implant’s surface. Different instruments have been proposed, but there is no agreement in the literature about which methods would be more efficient with no damage to the implant surface. It was reported the use of plastic, carbon fiber, stainless-steel and titanium curettes and also the use of other systems such as ultrasonic points with different tips, rubber cups and air abrasion. Literature review: In most of the studies, the injury caused on the titanium surface at the time of instrumentation was examined. In others, the cell adhesion on the titanium dental implants following instrumentation of the implant surface was observed. Moreover, to enhance cleaning around implants, ultrasonic systems were recently tested. Conclusion: Metal instruments can lead to major damage to implant surface, therefore, they are not indicated for decontamination of dental implants surfaces. Furthermore, non-metallic instruments, such as plastic curettes, rubber cups, air abrasion and some ultrasonic systems seem to be better choices to remove calculus and plaque of the sub- and supra-gingival peri-implant area. It is noteworthy that more studies evaluating the effects of these systems are required to establish best practices to be used in the treatment of patients with dental implants.
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Casarin, Renato Corrêa Viana, Fernanda Vieira Ribeiro, Antonio Wilson Sallum, Enilson Antonio Sallum, Francisco Humberto Nociti-Jr et Márcio Zaffalon Casati. « Root surface defect produced by hand instruments and ultrasonic scaler with different power settings : an in vitro study ». Brazilian Dental Journal 20, no 1 (2009) : 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402009000100010.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the root surface defect produced by hand curettes and ultrasonic tips with different power settings. Forty root surfaces were divided into 4 groups according the treatment: Gracey curettes, ultrasonic scaler at 10% power, ultrasonic scaler at 50% power and ultrasonic scaler at 100% power. Each specimen was instrumented with 15 strokes and the and divided in the middle to evaluate: (1) the defect depth produced by the instrumentation and (2) contact area of the instrument tips, which was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. ANOVA and Tukey's test were used for statistical analysis (a=0.05). The results (mean ± SD) of the contact area showed significantly greater defects (p<0.05) for the hand instrumented groups (2092.9 ± 482) compared to the ultrasonic groups (606.8 ± 283.0; 858.6 ± 422.5; 1212.0 ± 366.7, respectively), independently of the power setting. The values for the defect depth on root surface showed no statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between hand instrumentation (66.1 ± 34.0) and ultrasonic scaling at 10%, 50% or 100% power settings (52.4 ± 22.1; 72.0 ± 29.9; 77.7 ± 37.7, respectively). The findings of this study demonstrate that ultrasonic instrumentation produced a similar defect depth to that of hand instrumentation, with a smaller tip contact area, independently of the power setting used for scaling.
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Nitta, Hiroshi, Shigeru Oda, Daiji Furuse et Isao Ishikawa. « An Improved Sharpening Technique for Gracey Curettes Based on Blade Design. » Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi (Journal of the Japanese Society of Periodontology) 44, no 3 (2002) : 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2329/perio.44.273.

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Türktekin, F., N. Buduneli, DF Lappin, T. Türk et E. Buduneli. « Diamond burs versus curettes in root planing : a randomized clinical trial ». Australian Dental Journal 63, no 2 (30 mars 2018) : 242–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/adj.12602.

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Mattei, Tobias A., et Caio M. Perret. « Should kyphoplasty curettes be used in nonosteoporotic patients ? A cautionary tale ». Clinical Case Reports 8, no 3 (30 janvier 2020) : 453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.2670.

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Soanca, Andrada, Alexandra Roman, Andreea Ciurea, Iulia Cristina Micu, Andrei Picos et Sofia Iozon (Ene). « The evaluation of root surface modifications after different subgingival mechanical instrumentation techniques – an in vitro study ». Romanian Journal of Stomatology 69, no 1 (31 mars 2023) : 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjs.2023.1.8.

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Objectives. The aim of this in vitro study was to observe through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the surface morphology of root samples treated with different mechanical instrumentation methods and the additional application of a nano-colloidal silver-based antiseptic solution. Material and methods. Root samples were prepared from extracted molars and divided in four groups: group 1 of samples was instrumented with Gracey curette (7/8), group 2 of samples was instrumented with ultrasonic tip 1S, group 3 of samples was instrumented with ultrasonic tips 1S plus H4R/L, group 4 of samples was treated with ultrasonic tips 1S plus H4R/L and application of the silver-based antiseptic solution. All samples were then subjected to SEM examination. Outcomes. Group 1 of samples presented a smoother surface compared to the samples in the other groups. Group 2, 3 and 4 displayed superficial grooves parallel to the direction of action of the ultrasonic tip. In group 3 and 4, root planning with tip H4R/L did not ameliorate the smoothness of the surface. The smear layer was present, regardless the instrumentation method. In group 4, the additional application of the antiseptic solution did not influence the surface morphology or the amount of smear layer. Conclusions. Gracey curettes created a smoother radicular surface compared to ultrasonic tips. Smear layer was obvious on the radicular surfaces, no matter the instrumentation method. The application of the silver-based antiseptic solution had no additional impact on surface morphology.
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Ostanina, D. A., S. Sh Alimukhamedova et A. V. Mitronin. « Prevention of the development of pulp pathology in teeth with endo-periodontal lesions : an in vitro study ». Endodontics Today 22, no 2 (12 juin 2024) : 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36377/et-0026.

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AIM. To increase the effectiveness of prevention of development of pulp pathology in endo-periodontal lesions in patients with chronic periodontitis.MATERIAL AND METHODS. In the course of the study, instrumental treatment of the outer surface of the extruded teeth was performed, which were divided into 3 groups: group 1 – ultrasonic skeleton “DTE D72” (n = 8); group 2 – Gracey curettes (n = 8); group 3 (control) – no treatment of the root surface (n = 8). Histological analysis of the extradited teeth, scanning electron microscopy of the teeth root surfaces treated, as well as energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy of the examined nano-preparations were conducted.RESULTS. In the coronal pulp, in 80% of cases, the presence of intrapulmonary calcificates was found, mainly in areas where cement integrity was impaired. Fractures and defects of the tooth root cement are 3 times more common in group 1 of the study than in groups 2 and 3, which correlates with the data of pigment penetration depth in the areas of cement destruction. The most effective obturation of the root outer surface was found in the first study group and amounted to 85%, which is 2 and 4 times more than the indicators of groups 2 and 3, respectively.CONCLUSION. It has been shown that the best method of prevention of pulp pathology at endo-periodontal lesions is the use of Gracie curettes for carrying out hand scaling with subsequent impregnation of the treated tooth root surface with a “Dentin-sealing liquid”.
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Eick, Sigrun, Philip Bender, Simon Flury, Adrian Lussi et Anton Sculean. « In vitro evaluation of surface roughness, adhesion of periodontal ligament fibroblasts, and Streptococcus gordonii following root instrumentation with Gracey curettes and subsequent polishing with diamond-coated curettes ». Clinical Oral Investigations 17, no 2 (17 avril 2012) : 397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0719-z.

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Yaneva, Blagovesta, Elena Firkova et Emiliya Karaslavova. « A Comparative Clinical Study of Er:YAG Laser and Hand Instruments in the Treatment of Moderate Chronic Periodontitis ». Folia Medica 63, no 6 (31 décembre 2021) : 858–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.63.e56364.

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Introduction: Moderate chronic periodontitis is the most common periodontal disease. The treatment of this condition should aim at achieving a biocompatible root surface and decontamination of the pocket, thereby restoring the health status. Aim: In the present study, the aim was to examine the clinical effectiveness of fibreless Er:YAG laser used for scaling and root planing and to compare it with a conventional treatment with Gracey curettes. Materials and methods: The study included 909 periodontal pockets which were treated in a split-mouth design with either Gracey curettes or with Er:YAG laser (1.5 W). Probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BoP), and plaque index were recorded. Results: There was a considerable decrease of PPD, CAL, BoP, and plaque presence values at 1 and 3 months after therapy in both treatment groups. Sites treated with Er:YAG laser demonstrated mean CAL gain of about 1.00 mm and 0.44 mm at the first and third month, respectively. In the control group, there was also significant gain of CAL of about 1.33 mm at the first and 0.30 mm at the third month. Significant difference was observed in all parameters between both groups in favour of the laser treatment. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that the Er:YAG laser shows clinical effectiveness in the treatment of moderate chronic periodontitis. It can be used as a single treatment modality for subgingival scaling and root planing resulting in greater improvements in all recorded data in contrast to conventional treatment.
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Muraki, Midori, Masamitsu Ito, Fukiko Kondo, Yoriko Mukai, Masanori Matsuoka, Yuko Ohguchi, Nobuo Yoshinari et al. « The Effectiveness of 3 Types of Site-Specific Curettes Using Teaching Model. » Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi (Journal of the Japanese Society of Periodontology) 43, no 4 (2001) : 361–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2329/perio.43.361.

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Kocher, Thomas, Jörgen König, Peter Hansen et Andreas Rühling. « Subgingival polishing compared to scaling with steel curettes : a clinical pilot study ». Journal of Clinical Periodontology 28, no 2 (février 2001) : 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028002194.x.

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Das, Paramita, Hamid Borghei-Razavi, Nina Z. Moore et Pablo F. Recinos. « Posterior Approach to Meckel's Cave : Retrosigmoid Craniectomy with Endoscopic Assistance ». Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B : Skull Base 80, S 03 (4 mars 2019) : S331—S332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1677851.

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Background Meckel's cave involvement in tumors pose a challenge due to their surrounding neurovascular structure and deep location. Case Review A 24-year-old male presented with progressive headaches and right sided trigeminal neuralgia with a large epidermoid. The tumor extended from the ambient cistern to the cerebellomedullary cistern and involved Meckel's cave (Fig. 1). Technical Note/Video Description A retrosigmoid craniectomy was performed. Cranial nerves 3, 4, 6, 7, and 10, and auditory brainstem responses were monitored. Once the craniectomy was completed the dura was opened and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was released from the cisterna magna to allow for the tumor resection to be done without the use of any retractors (Fig. 2). Care was taken to ensure that cranial nerves in the posterior fossa were detethered to prevent any traction injury. Using ring curettes the pearly white epidermoid tumor was able to be debulked. After all the possible tumor was resected with the microscope, the 30-degree endoscope was used to identify the porus trigeminus. Malleable ring curettes and a malleable suction were used to remove the soft tumor from this location. The patient transiently had loss of hearing but this returned within 2 weeks after surgery. Conclusions The retrosigmoid approach is familiar to all neurosurgeons and with the adjunct of an angled endoscope, the posterior Meckel's cave can be easily reached. This is particularly useful for tumors with soft consistency. The assistance of the endoscope allows Meckel's cave visualization without additional drilling while still allowing safe resection of tumor from around the trigeminal nerve.The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/01aqOyUmSW0.
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Tal, Haim, Joan M. Panno et T. K. Vaidyanathan. « Scanning Electron Microscope Evaluation of Wear of Dental Curettes during Standardized Root Planing ». Journal of Periodontology 56, no 9 (septembre 1985) : 532–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.1985.56.9.532.

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Derdilopoulou, Foteini V., Jörg Nonhoff, Konrad Neumann et Andrej M. Kielbassa. « Microbiological findings after periodontal therapy using curettes, Er:YAG laser, sonic, and ultrasonic scalers ». Journal of Clinical Periodontology 34, no 7 (juillet 2007) : 588–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051x.2007.01093.x.

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CANAKCI, VAROL, YASIN ÇIÇEK, CENK FATIH CANAKCI, TURGUT DEMIR, FAHRI KAVRUT, CANKAT KARA, MEHMET ÖZGÖZ, ALPARSLAN DILSIZ et EBRU CANAKCI. « EFFECT OF HANDEDNESS ON LEARNING SUBGINGIVAL SCALING WITH CURETTES : A STUDY ON MANIKINS ». International Journal of Neuroscience 114, no 11 (janvier 2004) : 1463–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207450490476093.

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Blasiak, Adrian, Graeme P. Whyte, Adrian Matlak, Roman Brzóska et Boguslaw Sadlik. « Morphologic Properties of Cartilage Lesions in the Knee Arthroscopically Prepared by the Standard Curette Technique Are Inferior to Lesions Prepared by Specialized Chondrectomy Instruments ». American Journal of Sports Medicine 46, no 4 (27 décembre 2017) : 908–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546517745489.

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Background: Cartilage lesion preparation is an important component to cartilage repair procedures, given the effect of prepared lesion morphology on the formation of durable and well-integrated repair tissue. Purpose: To compare the quality of arthroscopic cartilage lesion debridement performed by (1) the standard curette (SC) technique and (2) specialized chondrectomy (CM) instruments, to provide technical guidance for optimization of cartilage lesion preparation in the setting of arthroscopic cartilage repair. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Articular cartilage lesions of standardized size (8 × 15 mm) were demarcated within the trochlea and femoral condyles of 20 human cadaver knee specimens. Orthopaedic surgeons performed arthroscopic lesion preparation using 2 techniques that consisted of SC preparation and preparation by CM instruments. A histologic comparative analysis was performed within each treatment group and between treatment groups to evaluate the morphology of prepared cartilage defects. Results: The mean angle deviation from perpendicular of the cartilage wall at the front of the prepared cartilage lesions was significantly greater in the SC group versus the CM group (29.8° ± 21.4° vs 7.7° ± 7.6°, P < .001). In lesions prepared via the SC technique, the cartilage walls at the front of the prepared lesions were significantly less perpendicular than the cartilage walls at the rear of the lesions (29.8° ± 21.4° vs 11.0° ± 10.3°, P < .001), whereas lesions prepared by the CM technique demonstrated comparable verticality of surrounding cartilage walls at the front and rear aspects of the lesions (7.7° ± 7.6° vs 9.4° ± 12.3°, P = .827). Depth of lesion debridement was accomplished to the target level by the CM technique in 86% of prepared lesions, compared with 34% of lesions in the SC group. The prepared cartilage wall profile was characterized as the most ideal morphology in 55% of prepared lesions in the CM group, as opposed to 10% in the SC group. Conclusion: Arthroscopic cartilage lesion preparation with SC instruments results in superior perpendicularity of surrounding cartilage walls to subchondral bone and greater consistency of debrided lesion depth, as compared with the standard debridement technique with curettes. Clinical Relevance: Arthroscopic preparation using standard curette technique leads to suboptimal morphologic characteristics of prepared lesions that likely affect the quality of repair tissue, compared to preparation using specialized chondrectomy instruments.
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Carter, L. Philip. « Instrumentation for microsurgical osseous dissection ». Journal of Neurosurgery 76, no 1 (janvier 1992) : 156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1992.76.1.0156.

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✓ The use of the operating microscope has revolutionized the surgical approach to many neurosurgical diseases. The microscope has provided magnification, binocular vision, and excellent lighting in the depths of neurosurgical wounds, allowing the performance of exceedingly delicate procedures that were previously impossible. Occasionally, an operative approach demands microscopic bone dissection. Instrumentation has been developed for working with soft tissue, but special instruments for osseous dissection have not been available. A set of newly developed punches and curettes with a bayonetted offset is described. These keep the surgeon's hand out of the operating field and allow unimpeded visualization through the operating microscope. These prototype instruments have been used successfully in over 100 microscopic neurosurgical procedures.
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Tal, H., A. Kozlovsky, E. Green et M. Gabbay. « Scanning Electron Microscope Evaluation of Wear of Stainless Steel and High Carbon Steel Curettes ». Journal of Periodontology 60, no 6 (juin 1989) : 320–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.1989.60.6.320.

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Koldsland, Odd Carsten, et Anne Merete Aass. « Supportive treatment following peri‐implantitis surgery : An RCT using titanium curettes or chitosan brushes ». Journal of Clinical Periodontology 47, no 10 (31 août 2020) : 1259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13357.

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Koleva, S. « 31 MICROBIOLOGICAL FINDINGS AFTER PERIODONTAL THERAPY USING CURETTES, DIODE LASER, SONIC AND ULTRASONIC SCALERS ». Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 5 (août 2008) : S11—S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1572-1000(08)70033-4.

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Anastassiadis, P. M., C. Hall, V. Marino et P. M. Bartold. « Surface scratch assessment of titanium implant abutments and cementum following instrumentation with metal curettes ». Clinical Oral Investigations 19, no 2 (23 mai 2014) : 545–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-014-1257-7.

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