Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Cultural policy – European communities »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Cultural policy – European communities"
1
Zvezdova, Olesia. « Popularization of European Values as a Task of the European Union Cultural Policy in Ukraine ». European Historical Studies, no 15 (2020) : 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2020.15.3.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This article deals with the main features of European values and their importance for the process of common European identity forming. The essence and main functions of the EU cultural policy, its peculiarities are formulated. The author describes the place of European values among the basic principles of the cultural policy of the European Union. According to sociological polls, these values are close to Ukrainian society but do not associate with the European Union as a single community and do not contribute to the formation of European identity. The main functions of the EU’s cultural policy are promotion and dissemination of European values through cultural events, grants and tourism. Approaches to common European values defining are analyzed, their degrees are structured. The author identifies the following basic European values: fundamental rights, including rights of communities and families; equality of all members of society, including minorities and regardless of gender; pluralism of thoughts; justice; self-realization; responsibility; unity; peace; respect for human life; democracy; legality; freedom of personality (freedom of expression, freedom of speech, freedom of the media); tolerance; solidarity; respect for human dignity; religion. The main differences between the European values and the common Western ones are emphasized. The main ways of raising awareness and mechanisms for promoting European values among the Ukrainian population are summarized. But the formation of a new value system is impossible without the participation of the state and its institutions. It is concluded that the formation of a new value system will have a consolidating effect on the Ukrainian people. Therefore, the promotion of European values should become not only a task for EU cultural policy, but also a top priority for the Ukrainian authorities.
2
Dergachev, V. O. « EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF REGIONAL POLICY AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE ». Economic innovations 19, no 3(65) (19 décembre 2017) : 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.3(65).56-66.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In Europe over the past decades, the processes of regionalization are actively occurring - the redistribution of the state's power competencies to a supranational or subnational (regional) level. The problems of competitiveness of the regions come to the fore, the increase of which is possible when using not only economic, but also local historical, sociocultural, ecological and other features. "New regionalism" differs from traditional development in conditions of multipolarity of the world, openness, formation "from below", participation of non-state and subnational actors. The new regionalism is a triple regionalism that takes into account not only the economic, but also the socio-cultural and environmental aspects. The advantage in competitiveness is given to regions and territorial communities, where local socio-cultural communications are taken into account most of all. The new European regionalism does not mean abandoning the nation state, but increasing the efficiency of regional development at the expense of human energy. As you know, Western Europe has limited energy and other resources. Therefore, in the global competition, the European Union, from the beginning of its formation, relied on the effective use of human resources. Its potential is significantly increased if a local comfortable environment is created that takes into account the sociocultural features of the territorial communities. Turning to the analogy, this means, for example, for Ukraine, that the people of Galicia do not feel discomfort in their sociocultural environment, and the inhabitants of the Donbass or Chernigov region in their own. Unlike the countries of Central and Eastern Europe that carried out administrative reforms during the period of geopolitical and geo-economic transformation, Ukraine could not realize it in a quarter of a century of independence. A decade ago, the American model of enlarged territorial units was taken as the basis of the territorial administrative reform, now the Polish model dominates in the absence of the state's financial capacity to reform, but with the participation of local businesses in the formation of territorial communities. As a result, the fundamental goal of the reform in improving the manageability of the territories is violated, which is a threat to the Ukrainian statehood.
3
Shumilin, Alexander. « SHIITE COMMUNITIES IN EUROPE : MODERATES VS. RADICALS. PART 2 ». Scientific and Analytical Herald of IE RAS 28, no 4 (31 août 2022) : 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran42022143151.
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In the second part of the article, under the above title, the author examines the role and place of the Shiite communities in Iran’s policy towards the European direction. Unlike the Middle East region, in relation to which Tehran’s policy is dominated by religious and military-strategic attitudes, the approach to the EU countries is dominated primarily by trade and economic interest, combined with the vision of the EU as a partner in interaction with Western countries in the face of ongoing confrontation with the United States. This perception of the EU by Tehran is especially noticeable in the context of the preparation and negotiation of a renewed «nuclear deal», where the Europeans clearly act as an intermediary between Iran and the United States. Under these conditions, without the loyalty and activity of the Shiite communities in the countries of the Old World, the Tehran authorities can hardly count on the success of their policy in the European direction. This can only be achieved by promoting an attractive image of Iran in these communities, the majority of which are from this country. Many of them continue to have a negative attitude towards the ayatollah regime, from which either they themselves or their parents fled to Europe in recent decades. Therefore, in relation to the Shiite communities, the authorities of the Islamic Republic are trying to use all the tools of «soft power», but with an emphasis on the factor of their radicalization, which is designed to «alienate» the Shiites there from the cultural space of Europe and «bring» them as close as possible to that of Iran.
4
Webb, Meredith. « Signed, Sealed, Delivered : An Analysis of the Communication Tactics Used in the Development of the European Union’s Ban on Seal Products ». Carleton Perspectives on Public Policy 6 (5 juillet 2020) : 86–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22215/cpopp.v6i0.2725.
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This article examines how various stakeholders, including national governments, animal welfare organizations, and Indigenous groups, employed different communication tactics and methods to advocate for their positions regarding Regulation 1007/2009. Deconstructing the European Union’s ban on seal products and how it came into effect provides clarity on these communication tactics and their impact on the policy. This analysis focuses on the economic and cultural consequences of the ban in the Inuit Nunangat, and how Inuit communities have created responsive communication strategies to articulate their perspectives. The European Parliament ultimately limited its focus to animal rights and welfare, neglecting to sufficiently consider the evidence-based and scientific reporting provided by the European Commission, Norway, Canada, and Inuit communities.
5
Merciu, Florentina-Cristina, George-Laurenţiu Merciu et Loreta Cercleux. « Quantification of the Sustainable use of the Cultural Heritage in the Central Area of the Municipality of Ploieşti using the Cobachrem Model ». International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 27, no 1 (1 juin 2021) : 210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2021-0032.
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Abstract Making connections between the localization of cultural heritage elements and local and regional policies for the benefit of communities, at different scales, has been one of the constant concerns of researchers and policy makers. The purpose of this study is to highlight the effects generated by cultural policy at the local, regional and central level, through investments allocated to cultural heritage in the central area of Ploieşti. The local policy aimed at building a more attractive image of Ploieşti through the renovation of the most important cultural institutions, benefiting from the funds allocated by the administration at regional and central level and European funds. The analysis of the effects produced by the investments related to the historical monuments from the central area of Ploieşti municipality was carried out through the Community-Based Cultural Heritage Resources Management (COBACHREM) model.
6
Franck, Christian. « La prise de décision belge en politique extérieure : cohésion, tensions, controle et influences ». Res Publica 29, no 1 (31 mars 1987) : 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v29i1.18960.
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Besides classical issues of parliamentary control and pressure groups' influence, coordination between ministers and administrations involved in foreign policy making and harmonization of national foreign policy with external cultural relations led by the french, flemish and german Communities are the major problems belgian foreign policy making has to cope with.Divergences on options or heterogeneity of functional missions (Finance and Third World Cooperation e.g.) require arbitration and cooperative procedures provided by foreign affairs ministerial comitee at the governmental level. Competition for leading role and confrontation of functional paradigms foster «bureaucratic politics» between services. European affairs constitues a major issue for bureaucratic coordination.Attribution to the Communities of assessment power to cultural agreements and reservation to national government of the treaty making power let arise a kind of illogism and a conflict of competences that pragmatic concertation tends to get round.As to parliamentary control, it consists in a greater influence of majority's deputies than in an effective opposition's countervailing power to amend coalition foreign policy. So play pressure groups a role in influencing bilateral much more than multilateral affairs.
7
Wivell, Judy, et Diane Mara. « ‘Without my faith I would break into pieces.’ Supporting elder family members : Implications for social work policy and practice ». Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 22, no 2 (1 janvier 2010) : 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol22iss2id196.
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This collaborative project records the voices of family/whanau members most closely involved with the responsibility for support of elder parents or family members. Members of the research team are from two different cultural backgrounds and have worked within and across both cultural paradigms investigating Pakeha/European and Pasifika family/fanau structures. The small-scale study sought to identify patterns of similarity and difference in approaches to family decision-making, how families access appropriate social services, and what changes occur in family dynamics as they respond to elder family members’ needs. This research has required engagement with members of diverse communities about an often invisible aspect of family life in Aotearoa New Zealand. The support of elders by adult children is expected to become more prevalent across communities with the aging of the population and the widening cultural diversity of families. Key themes emerging from the participants’ reported experiences have the potential to inform social service practice and social policy and these are highlighted.
8
Suleymanova, Olesya A. « Tenth Scientific Conference “Anthropology. Folklore Studies. Sociolinguistics” at the European University in Saint Petersburg ». Transaction Kola Science Centre 13, no 2-2022 (1 juillet 2022) : 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2307-5252.2022.2.13.22.012.
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The publication is dedicated to the anniversary conference of young scientists “Anthropology. Folklore. Sociolinguistics”, which is held annually by the Department of Anthropology of the European University in St. Petersburg. Traditionally, the conference discusses a wide range of issues related to such areas of scientific knowledge as cultural anthropology (ritual and everyday life, ethnic processes, semiotics of things, confessional communities), folklore (classical and modern folklore) and sociolinguistics (language policy, social dialects and registers).
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Anisimov, Igor Olegovich, et Elena Evgen'evna Gulyaeva. « The legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of language policy and international law ». Международное право, no 2 (février 2022) : 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2644-5514.2022.2.37681.
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The subject of the study is the norms of the national law of the Russian Federation on the protection and preservation of languages, as well as the norms and principles of international law in this area. The object of the research of this article is the relations in the field of legal regulation of the protection and preservation of the languages of indigenous peoples and local communities. Based on comparative legal, formal legal and systematic research methods, the article presents an analysis of the legal foundations of language policy in Russia, as well as the provisions of international legal acts in the field of the protection of the languages of indigenous peoples and local communities, namely: the Declaration of Principles of International Cultural Cooperation of 1966, the UN Declaration on the Principles of International Law of 1970., The European Convention on Human Rights of 1950, the European Charter of Regional or National Minority Languages of 1992, as well as PACE resolutions and recommendations. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that the authors conducted a comprehensive analysis of the modern legal foundations of language policy in Russia. In the article, the authors consider in detail the concepts of "national minorities" and "cultural values" in accordance with the national legislation of the Russian Federation and international legal acts. The authors come to the conclusion that the Russian historical experience and modern practice of preserving the languages of national minorities, as well as the legal mechanism for the protection of languages provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and other normative legal acts, in many ways surpasses the mechanism provided for by the European Charter. Thus, the exclusion of Russia from the Council of Europe will not negatively affect their protection and preservation within our state.
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Memon, Junaid Alam. « Floor Brouwer (ed.) Sustaining Agriculture and the Rural Environment : Governance, Policy and Multifunctionality. Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar. 2004 (Reprinted 2016). Xi+360 pages. U.K. £98.10 (Hardback). » Pakistan Development Review 56, no 3 (1 septembre 2017) : 291–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v56i3pp.291-293.
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The edited book, “Sustaining Agriculture and the Rural Environment”, is largely a European contribution to the Ecological Economics. It provides a useful review of ‘multifunctionality’ as the central attribute of the European Model of Agriculture (EMA) and its applied value to other developing countries. Brouwer introduces the book (in Chapter 1) with a premise that jointly with food and fibre, the European farmers also produce ‘public goods’ such as landscapes and biodiversity management, cultural heritage, and viable rural communities. He warms up the reader to digest what follows in the book with a quick overview of the market for these positive externalities and strategies for their continuous supply in the European Union’s Common Agriculture Policy. This paves the way for rest of the book, which is organised into four parts and seventeen chapters.
Thèses sur le sujet "Cultural policy – European communities"
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Fazlioglu, Akin Zulal. « Cultural Policy in Turkey – European Union Relations ». The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1502860978590657.
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Temelat, Neslihan. « Identity Building Through Cultural Policy In The European Union ». Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609402/index.pdf.
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This thesis aims to analyze the identity building dimension of the process of European integration and to examine how the Community cultural policy has been constructed by investigating the general discourse produced by the Community institutions since the 1970s in order to inculcate a sense of belonging among European citizens, to give an emotional aspect to the integration process, and to overcome the legitimacy problem. The themes of &ldquounity&rdquo
and &ldquo
diversity,&rdquo
enshrined in the official motto of &ldquo
unity in diversity&rdquo
of the European Commission, constitute the cornerstone of the Community cultural policy. This thesis analyzes the embodiment of European identity in the Community cultural policy with a special focus on three selected areas: audiovisual, educational and language policies. In conclusion, this thesis maintains that the mild, abstract and ambiguous notion of &ldquo
unity in diversity&rdquo
that accommodates heterogeneous European cultures and characteristics in conformity with the multi-layered EU polity is the most plausible and desirable mode of European cultural identity for the EU bureaucratic elites. However, this identity building strategy has limitations stemming from the intrinsic nature of the EU and the absence of a coherent definition of European identity.
3
Mutlu, Can E. « Insecurity Communities : Technologies of Insecurity Governance Under the European Neighbourhood Policy ». Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24334.
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This dissertation explores the European Union’s (EU) European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) as a technology of insecurity governance in order to better understand insecurity management practices of the EU bureaucracies and policy elites. The central argument of the project is that security communities are insecurity communities. Rather than trying to maintain a state of non-war, insecurity communities establish and further develop a constant productive field of insecurity management that aims to identify and govern threats and unease. The projects core contributions rest with the security community theory and the literature on the EU’s external governance literatures. Empirically, the dissertation focuses on the human mobility and transportation insecurity management practices of the EU in relation to the uses of e-Passports and intermodal containers.
4
Tabur, Canan Ezel. « The decision-making process in EU policy towards the Eastern neighbourhood : the case of immigration policy ». Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/38671/.
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This thesis investigates the EU policy-making process concerning the external dimension of migration focusing on the EU's eastern neighbourhood. In recent years, there has been an increasing emphasis on integrating a comprehensive migration dimension into the broader external policies of the EU. In 2004, the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) was developed as an overarching foreign policy tool integrating the EU's existing policies towards its southern and eastern neighbourhood under a single framework with the objective of ensuring security and stability in the EU's neighbourhood. The management of cross-border movements along the EU's new eastern frontiers in particular has moved up on the EU agenda with the eastern shift of the EU borders following the 2004/2007 eastern enlargements. With the increasing integration of migration policy objectives into the EU's broader neighbourhood policy, the EU has progressively established a more streamlined form of cooperation with its immediate eastern neighbours concerning different dimensions of migration policy. The thesis examines the EU policy-making process with the aim of answering the question of how the EU policy has been shaped in the view of diverging national preferences and institutional roles and influence concerning the external dimension of migration policy. As a salient policy area central to national sovereignty and interest, the EU member states traditionally seek to control the impact of institutional constraints in the area of migration policy and support mechanisms by which they could exert national control over the policy outcomes. On the other hand, the increasing ‘communitarisation' of the policy area since the Amsterdam Treaty has enhanced the role of the EU institutions. Drawing on the new-institututionalist approaches to EU policy-making, the thesis questions a purely intergovernmental understanding of policy-making dominated by the preferences of the member states in the external dimension of EU migration policy.
5
Elezi, Gentian. « Explaining policy implementation : challenges for Albania in preparing for EU membership ». Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/59462/.
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Klountzou, Theodora. « Europeanisation and the European security and defence policy : the case of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia ». Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/47208/.
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This thesis seeks to develop an under-researched area of Europeanisation theory, namely the link between the ‘export' dimension of Europeanisation and the European Union's (EU) external crisis response instruments, and specifically the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP). It examines the theory of Europeanisation and its relevant dimensions for this thesis, defining ‘Europeanisation' in this context as the export of European values, principles, structures, ideas and norms beyond the geographical borders of the EU. The thesis sets out to test whether ESDP operations can provide a vehicle for Europeanisation in the countries in which they are deployed. It examines the evolution of European Union security and defence policy and the evolution of the EU's operational military and civilian mission instrument, and employs case studies of operations in a specific country context in order to test whether ESDP operations can indeed be a practical mechanism with the potential to export the EU's norms and principles. The thesis employs case studies of three ESDP missions conducted in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (fYROM) - the military operation Concordia, and police missions Proxima and EUPAT. It explores whether these EU external instruments had a Europeanisation dimension, and whether and how in practice they contributed to Europeanisation. fYROM makes a germane case study as a new country emerging from crisis, on the EU's border, and in line for prospective future EU membership. The case studies show that the primary effect of the military operation Concordia, in contributing to the country's security and political stabilization and providing a visible and symbolic EU presence, was to provide a platform for subsequent Europeanisation. The follow-on Proxima and EUPAT civilian operations carried a more direct Europeanisation agenda and effect, playing an important role in transferring the EU's approach to addressing causes of conflict and contributing as part of the EU's wider efforts to promoting the integration of fYROM in the EU. The thesis concludes that ESDP operations can be a vehicle for exporting European values, principles and norms, and as such, a promoter of Europeanisation beyond the EU's borders. This research can contribute to deepening the area of Europeanisation theory concerned with export dimensions of the theory, and suggests there is academic value in examining the Europeanisation aspects of EU external instruments, including civilian and military operations in other case study contexts, including in countries well beyond the EU's neighbourhood. The research also highlights the value for the EU of conceptualising the ESDP mission instrument through a Europeanisation lens, in terms of maximising the transformative potential of the instrument as part of wider EU strategy to pursue normative, security and political objectives in its neighbourhood and the wider international sphere.
7
Preston, David L. « The texture of contact : European and Indian settler communities on the Iroquoian borderlands, 1720-1780 ». W&M ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623399.
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This dissertation is a comparative study of cultural relationships between European and Indian settler communities along the Six Nations' borders with New York and Pennsylvania from 1720 to 1780. It particularly examines "everyday encounters" between ordinary peoples---a dimension of colonial social and economic life that has usually escaped historians' attention. Palatine, Scots, Irish, Dutch, and English colonists not only lived close to Indian villages but also frequently interacted with Iroquois, Delawares, and other natives. Frontier farms, forts, churches, and taverns were scenes of frequent face-to-face meetings between colonists and Indians. My dissertation explores the dynamics of settler-Indian encounters and how they changed over time in the Mohawk, Susquehanna, and Ohio valleys. Ordinary people powerfully shaped the larger patterns of cultural contact through their routine negotiations.;The dissertation establishes a new vantage point by exploring northeastern North America as the "Iroquoian borderlands" rather than the Middle Colonies' frontiers. It also employs comparative history to highlight the structural similarities and differences of the Six Nations' borders with nearby colonies. Both Pennsylvania and New York enjoyed alliances with the Six Nations that sustained a period of peaceful relations in the eighteenth century. But Pennsylvania's settlement expansion sparked a triangular contest over land between natives, European squatters, and proprietors that resulted in open warfare and native dispossession by the 1750s.;New York enjoyed the longest span of peace with the native nations on its borders. In the Mohawk Valley, strong religious, economic, social, and military ties enabled Indian and colonial communities to coexist for most of the eighteenth century. It was not until the American Revolution that New York experienced the same racially charged warfare that Pennsylvania and other British colonies had experienced much earlier. The Revolution overturned the patterns of accommodation that prevailed between the Iroquois and the New York colonists. It uprooted the British-Iroquois alliance and led to dispossession for many Iroquois in punitive postwar treaties with the U.S. The comparative context more precisely reveals the means whereby the permeable Iroquoian borderlands of the early eighteenth century were transformed into juridically and racially defined state and national borders by the 1780s.
8
Saunders, Nicholas G. R. « The Suez Crisis and British and French policy revaluations towards membership of the European Communities ». Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2015. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/95457aab-8aac-4537-9d77-e3fe77ceb7ce/1/.
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This thesis attempts to demonstrate that, far from being of little or even no importance as some authors have argued, the 1956 Suez Crisis was an event of great significance to the evolution of British and French policies towards membership of the European Communities. It identifies a gap in the historiographies of the Suez Crisis and the European integration process, and seeks to fill it, while at the same time providing a new interpretation of the link between the two areas of historical focus. Using manuscript sources from English, French and American archives, as well as contemporary media articles and personal papers, it will present six ways in which Suez directly influenced the development of British and French policy towards the European Communities: by forcing the British government to review the country’s position in the world, by enhancing the career of Harold Macmillan, boosting that of Edward Heath, changing French attitudes towards the Common Market in late 1956, its role in the return to power of General de Gaulle, and the development of the French nuclear deterrent. It will conclude that not was Suez a significant factor, but that without it, there may not be a European Union today.
9
Dunlop, Claire Alexandra. « Epistemic communities and knowledge interpretation : the case of the European Union and recombinant bovine somatotropin (rBST) ». Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288621.
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Valtysson, Bjarki. « Access culture : the remixable culture of prosumers and the cultural policy of the European Union / ». Roskilde : Department of Communication, Business and Information Technologies, Roskilde University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1800/3999.
Texte intégralLivres sur le sujet "Cultural policy – European communities"
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Storck, Gerhard. Mauerbach benefit sale on behalf of the Federation of Jewish communities of Austria : To be sold without reserve = Auktion ohne Verkäufervorbehalt. Vienna : Christie's, 1996.
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2
Peter, Montagnon, dir. European competition policy. London : Pinter, 1990.
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Christopher, Gordon, et Mundy Simon 1954-, dir. European perspectives on cultural policy. Paris : UNESCO Pub., 2001.
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General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organisation). Trade policy review : European Communities 1993. Geneva : GATT, 1993.
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General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organisation). Trade policy review : European Communities 1993. Geneva : GATT, 1993.
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European communities. Oxford, England : Clio Press, 1992.
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European communities. New Brunswick, N.J : Transaction Publishers, 1992.
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Oliver, Bennett, et Kelly Anne, dir. The European journal of cultural policy. [s.l.] : Harwood Academic Publishers, 1996.
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Perkins, Richard. European cultural policy & administration : Select bibliography. 6e éd. Warwick : Centre for the Study of Cultural Policy, School of Theatre Studies, University of Warwick, 1997.
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Commission of the European Communities. European Community competition policy : Report on competition policy. Luxembourg : Office for Official Publications of the European Communities., 1995.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Cultural policy – European communities"
1
Matsevich-Dukhan, Iryna. « Mapping European Cultural Actors : Addressing the Case of Belarus ». Dans European Neighbourhood Policy, 207–30. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-69504-1_10.
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Sligte, H. W. « European Schools Project : On Cultural Conversations ». Dans Learning Technology in the European Communities, 741–50. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2672-4_62.
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Verma, G. K., et H. B. Entzinger. « Transferring Knowledge in a Cross-Cultural Perspective ». Dans Learning Technology in the European Communities, 681–85. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2672-4_57.
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de Vries, Gijs. « A Cultural Superpower ? The European Union’s Venture in Cultural Diplomacy ». Dans The European Union’s New Foreign Policy, 125–38. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48317-3_8.
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Dewey, Patricia. « Power in European Union Cultural Policy ». Dans International Cultural Policies and Power, 113–26. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230278011_10.
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Prokupek, Marek, et Marie Ballarini. « Comparative study of European policies for ethical museum fundraising and philanthropy ». Dans Accomplishing Cultural Policy in Europe, 123–40. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003277767-11.
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Cross, Mai’a K. Davis. « The challenges ahead for European cultural diplomacy 1 ». Dans The Making of European Security Policy, 46–62. London : Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003032335-4-5.
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Polman, Daniel. « Learning from Practical Experience : Implementation Epistemic Communities in the European Union ». Dans Learning in Public Policy, 123–44. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76210-4_6.
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Kandyla, Anna. « The Creative Europe Programme : Policy-Making Dynamics and Outcomes ». Dans Cultural Governance and the European Union, 49–60. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137453754_5.
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Mazziotti, Giuseppe. « Cultural Diversity and the EU Copyright Policy and Regulation ». Dans Cultural Governance and the European Union, 91–105. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137453754_8.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Cultural policy – European communities"
1
Proskina, Liga, Dace Kaufmane, Liga Paula, Kaspars Naglis-Liepa et Sintija Ozolniece. « Policy measures to support local food systems ». Dans 23rd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2022”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2022.56.023.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Enterprises engaged in food production are one of the focuses of the European Green Deal, as the implementation of its objectives will make impacts on agriculture, which is one of the most important industries supplying raw materials to food producers, as well as on energy and transport. Previous research studies have emphasized that processes within the local food system (LFS) occur over a relatively short geographical distance, thereby creating a number of economic advantages as well as making a significant impact on the community economy. In other words, this diversifies the rural economy, makes enterprises more economically independent, develops local potential and contributes to the image of the area. Most of the food produced in Latvia was sold in the domestic market, and only approximately a third of the food output was exported over the last decade. The expansion of the domestic market is therefore very important for local producers. Food production is spread throughout the country, and both home producers and rural small and medium enterprises producing food participate in the market, which contributes particularly to the socio-economic viability of the population living in rural communities. As a result, local food systems emerge, which is a complex phenomenon, as it involves more than just economic aspects. Food production, distribution and waste management are indirectly affected by several public policies, as the food production begins with the exploitation of primary production resources linked to the environment and ends with the development of cultural services, including the preservation of traditions and values. Accordingly, it might be argued that an LFS represents a very complex and diverse set of actors and their interrelationships, which is constrained by specific social, cultural, economic and institutional frameworks, and therefore the research aims to give insight into the public policy dimension in food systems and, based on the research findings, identify key problems and develop recommendations for the development of food systems in Latvia.
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Jankova, Liga, Andrejs Lazdins, Madara Dobele et Aina Dobele. « Topicality of crafts in the development of Jelgava old town quarter ». Dans 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.53.019.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The development of small towns in Latvia is strongly affected by the growth of the tourism industry. New tourism products and sightseeing objects are created to develop local tourism and increase the number of visitors to cities/regions owing to municipal support. It has been found that in artisanal quarters, product sales and educational masterclasses create a new added value for tourism, thereby contributing to the sustainable development of the area. The first part of the research explained the role of crafts and artisans in urban development. The second part of the research performed a comparison of the operational patterns of current houses and centres of crafts, conducted an expert survey of administrators of the houses and centres of crafts and identified the demand for artisan products by the population and their interests in the development of the Jelgava Old Town street quarter. The research has concluded that in order for crafts to survive, national and local government support is needed for creating houses, centres, quarters and streets of crafts, improving the infrastructure for artisans to work and for tourists to visit them. Municipalities need to develop and implement a policy and a programme for craft development. Crafts have transformed into the cultural industry and in many autonomous communities, the craft competences have merged with tourism and contributed to a broad supply of products and have become important for the development of the area. Overall, the number of visitors to some Jelgava city tourism facilities increased in 2018, yet the total number of visitors decreased. This indicates that the city needs new local tourism facilities. Four operational patterns of houses and centres of crafts were identified in Latvia. Crafts as an important and supportive activity to be developed are incorporated in a number of European, national, Zemgale planning region, Jelgava city and region development strategies and programmes, thereby emphasizing the support needed for traditional artisan activities. Respondents highly rated the need for a house of crafts in the Jelgava Old Town street quarter – 45% expressed very convincing opinions, while 42% rated it as average. The main benefits in the context of craft functions pertain to the cultural and historical heritage and social value. Further research studies are needed to analyse the economic and creative/innovative functions of crafts.
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CRISTINI, VALENTINA, et Bert Ludwig. « Overlooked heritage of Albania : chronicle of rescue, conservation and com-munity involvement at Great Prespa Lake ». Dans HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage : Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15769.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A set of actions, concerning conservation policies, have been undertaken in Great Prespa Lake Region, Albania during the last years. The activities, as presented in this paper, are part of a project driven by European Heritage Volunteers in partnership with the GFA Consulting Group, the Transboundary Biosphere Reserve Prespa Project and with the collaboration of Polytechnic University of Valencia. This joined partnership has made possible the creation of a document “Guidelines for interventions at vernacular architecture at Great Prespa Lake” as following explained. The guidelines are finally aiming to all the villages of the this Biosphere Reserve of UNESCO, but the result has been possible thanks specially to the study – in detail – of one of the rural communities located in the region – Zaroshke. The village has been selected and analyzed as a possible pilot project for conservation polices and community involvement, during the summer of 2021, thanks to the participation of local communities and international volunteers (students and young professionals) trough the systematic documentation of vernacular architecture of the village.
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Medushevsky, Nikolay. « European Union : Integration Process Implementation Through The Memory Policy ». Dans SCTCMG 2019 - Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.12.04.294.
Texte intégral
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Papaioannou, Katerina. « CULTURAL POLICY AS A MEANS OF EXERCISING "SOFT POWER" BY THE EUROPEAN UNION ». Dans 10th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2017.1893.
Texte intégral
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Matsuda, Osamu, et Osamu Matsuda. « RECENT SHIFT OF MANAGEMNT POLICIES OF THE SETO INLAND SEA, JAPAN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PROMOTION OF SATOUMI ACTIVITIES ». Dans Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b941aba6554.27198480.
Texte intégralRésumé :
“The special law” on the environmental conservation of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan and governmental basic plan for the environmental conservation of the sea based on the law were both revised recently in 2015. Two major aims of the previous basic plan (1. conservation of water quality, 2. conservation of natural landscape) were reformed to broaden four new major aims (1. conservation and restoration of coastal environment, 2. conservation and appropriate management of water quality, 3. conservation of natural and cultural landscapes, 4. sustainable utilization of fish resources) in the revised basic plan. Historically, environmental management policy of the Seto Inland Sea had firstly made emphasis on water pollution control such as total pollution load control (TPLC). However, this kind of passive conservation policy is gradually being sifted recently to active conservation such as Satoumi which includes restoration of biodiversity, biological productivity, habitat and well balanced nutrient cycle between land and sea. Holistic approaches such as integrated coastal management (ICM), ecosystem-based management (EBM) and adaptive management were incorporated into new policy in Japan. These clear changes of management policies of the Seto Inland Sea will make change more detailed policy of every related prefecture and hence will promote Satoumi activities in near future.
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Matsuda, Osamu, et Osamu Matsuda. « RECENT SHIFT OF MANAGEMNT POLICIES OF THE SETO INLAND SEA, JAPAN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PROMOTION OF SATOUMI ACTIVITIES ». Dans Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b43152f103a.
Texte intégralRésumé :
“The special law” on the environmental conservation of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan and governmental basic plan for the environmental conservation of the sea based on the law were both revised recently in 2015. Two major aims of the previous basic plan (1. conservation of water quality, 2. conservation of natural landscape) were reformed to broaden four new major aims (1. conservation and restoration of coastal environment, 2. conservation and appropriate management of water quality, 3. conservation of natural and cultural landscapes, 4. sustainable utilization of fish resources) in the revised basic plan. Historically, environmental management policy of the Seto Inland Sea had firstly made emphasis on water pollution control such as total pollution load control (TPLC). However, this kind of passive conservation policy is gradually being sifted recently to active conservation such as Satoumi which includes restoration of biodiversity, biological productivity, habitat and well balanced nutrient cycle between land and sea. Holistic approaches such as integrated coastal management (ICM), ecosystem-based management (EBM) and adaptive management were incorporated into new policy in Japan. These clear changes of management policies of the Seto Inland Sea will make change more detailed policy of every related prefecture and hence will promote Satoumi activities in near future.
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Bedaev, Aleksandr, Elena Mikhailova et Valentina Tikhonova. « Russian diasporas of the Caspian region countries in the implementation of the "Russian world" project ». Dans "The Caspian in the Digital Age" within the framework of the International Scientific Forum "Caspian 2021 : Ways of Sustainable Development". Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.rsfe5616.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A number of state and public organizations take part in pursuing cultural policy and protection of rights of compatriots in the countries of the Caspian region. Russian-speaking communities abroad are regarded as components of " the Russian World" - a civilizational community that unites them around Russia as a historical and cultural centre. The preservation of the Russian language in the post-Soviet states is focused on the studying of the language by the titular peoples of sovereign states as the language of interstate communication with Russia and to ensure favourable conditions for labour migration to Russia. In the Caspian states the status of the Russian-speaking community is constantly declining and decreasing, as well as its cultural role in the life of the independent national states. In a long run, this reduces the base of the functioning of the Russian language in the Caspian countries. The Russian World state project is officially presented as a project on preserving the Russian language in the countries where Russian communities exist. At the same time the analysis of documents and information portals, related to the Russian World program, demonstrates that the policy of the Russian Federation focused on the repatriation of ethnic Russians and Russian-speaking people to Russia lines up with their migration activity.
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Kayaoglu, Turan. « PREACHERS OF DIALOGUE : INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND INTERFAITH THEOLOGY ». Dans Muslim World in Transition : Contributions of the Gülen Movement. Leeds Metropolitan University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55207/bjxv1018.
Texte intégralRésumé :
While the appeal of ‘civilisational dialogue’ is on the rise, its sources, functions, and con- sequences arouse controversy within and between faith communities. Some religious lead- ers have attempted to clarify the religious foundations for such dialogue. Among them are Jonathan Sacks, the Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of Britain and the Commonwealth, Edward Idris, Cardinal Cassidy of the Catholic Church, and Fethullah Gülen. The paper compares the approach of these three religious leaders from the Abrahamic tra- dition as presented in their scholarly works – Sacks’ The Dignity of Difference, Cardinal Cassidy’s Ecumenism and Interreligious Dialogue, and Gülen’s Advocate of Dialogue. The discussion attempts to answer the following questions: Can monotheistic traditions accom- modate the dignity of followers of other monotheistic and polytheistic religions as well as non-theistic religions and philosophies? Is a belief in the unity of God compatible with an acceptance of the religious dignity of others? The paper also explores their arguments for why civilisational and interfaith dialogue is necessary, the parameters of such dialogue and its anticipated consequences: how and how far can dialogue bridge the claims of unity of God and diversity of faiths? Islam’s emphasis on diversity and the Quran’s accommodation of ear- lier religious traditions put Islam and Fethullah Gülen in the best position to offer a religious justification for valuing and cherishing the dignity of followers of other religions. The plea for a dialogue of civilizations is on the rise among some policymakers and politi- cians. Many of them believe a dialogue between Islam and the West has become more urgent in the new millennium. For example following the 2005 Cartoon Wars, the United Nations, the Organization of the Islamic Conferences, and the European Union used a joint statement to condemn violent protests and call for respect toward religious traditions. They pled for an exchange of ideas rather than blows: We urge everyone to resist provocation, overreaction and violence, and turn to dialogue. Without dialogue, we cannot hope to appeal to reason, to heal resentment, or to overcome mistrust. Globalization disperses people and ideas throughout the world; it brings families individuals with different beliefs into close contact. Today, more than any period in history, religious di- versity characterizes daily life in many communities. Proponents of interfaith dialogue claim that, in an increasingly global world, interfaith dialogue can facilitate mutual understanding, respect for other religions, and, thus, the peaceful coexistence of people of different faiths. One key factor for the success of the interfaith dialogue is religious leaders’ ability to provide an inclusive interfaith theology in order to reconcile their commitment to their own faith with the reality of religious diversity in their communities. I argue that prominent leaders of the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam) are already offering separate but overlapping theologies to legitimize interfaith dialogue. A balanced analysis of multi-faith interactions is overdue in political science. The discipline characterises religious interactions solely from the perspective of schism and exclusion. The literature asserts that interactions among believers of different faiths will breed conflict, in- cluding terrorism, civil wars, interstate wars, and global wars. According to this conven- tional depiction, interfaith cooperation is especially challenging to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam due to their monotheism; each claims it is “the one true path”. The so-called “monothe- istic exclusion” refers to an all-or-nothing theological view: you are a believer or you are an infidel. Judaism identifies the chosen people, while outsiders are gentiles; Christians believe that no salvation is possible outside of Jesus; Islam seems to call for a perennial jihad against non-Muslims. Each faith would claim ‘religious other’ is a stranger to God. Political “us versus them” thinking evolves from this “believer versus infidel” worldview. This mindset, in turn, initiates the blaming, dehumanizing, and demonization of the believers of other reli- gious traditions. Eventually, it leads to inter-religious violence and conflict. Disputing this grim characterization of religious interactions, scholars of religion offer a tripartite typology of religious attitude towards the ‘religious other.’ They are: exclusivism, inclusivism, and pluralism. Exclusivism suggests a binary opposition of religious claims: one is truth, the other is falsehood. In this dichotomy, salvation requires affirmation of truths of one’s particular religion. Inclusivism integrates other religious traditions with one’s own. In this integration, one’s own religion represents the complete and pure, while other religions represent the incomplete, the corrupted, or both. Pluralism accepts that no religious tradi- tion has a privileged access to religious truth, and all religions are potentially equally valid paths. This paper examines the theology of interfaith dialogue (or interfaith theology) in the Abrahamic religions by means of analyzing the works of three prominent religious lead- ers, a Rabbi, a Pope, and a Muslim scholar. First, Jonathan Sacks, the Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of Britain and the Commonwealth, offers a framework for the dialogue of civilizations in his book Dignity of Difference: How to Avoid the Clash of Civilizations. Rather than mere tolerance and multiculturalism, he advocates what he calls the dignity of difference—an active engagement to value and cherish cultural and religious differences. Second, Pope John Paul II’s Crossing the Threshold of Hope argues that holiness and truth might exist in other religions because the Holy Spirit works beyond the for- mal boundaries of Church. Third, the Turkish Islamic scholar Fethullah Gülen’s Advocate of Dialogue describes a Muslim approach to interfaith dialogue based on the Muslim belief in prophecy and revelation. I analyze the interfaith theologies of these religious leaders in five sections: First, I explore variations on the definition of ‘interfaith dialogue’ in their works. Second, I examine the structural and strategic reasons for the emergence and development of the interfaith theologies. Third, I respond to four common doubts about the possibility and utility of interfaith di- alogue and theologies. Fourth, I use John Rawls’ overlapping consensus approach to develop a framework with which to analyze religious leaders’ support for interfaith dialogue. Fifth, I discuss the religious rationales of each religious leader as it relates to interfaith dialogue.
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Petcu, Cristian. « MANAGERIAL ASPECTS REGARDING THE NATIONAL CULTURAL HERITAGE ». Dans eLSE 2017. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-17-187.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In the last decades of the last century, the complex issues of economic development and globalization, the danger of marginalization until extinction with which faced some communities, but also the gradual erosion of traditional beliefs and convictions have created foundations needed at European level to reconsider the place and role of cultural heritage in the future of societies and of European integration. The past is a part of us, as the future will be. It is important to keep our identity, to evolve, to know more about our ancestors, their way of thinking, their ways to express their values, feelings and convictions. In our days, we are willing to learn from the past and to build our future together with other countries, making a unity from all our diversities, getting to know better each other, keeping our treasures and building strong relations, based on common values and mutual respect. But still, as time goes by, there are many patrimony objects, buildings and areas endangered by the lack of interest of some authorities, of some social categories, or by the insufficient financial and human resources. One of our main goals is to grow up the awareness of those issues which could endanger the valuable cultural and natural heritage of the humanity. Also, there is a great need of responsibility and involvement from everybody, from the institutions and ending to the common people. An important managerial aspect in relation with the institutions of national culture is their participation in the preservation of national and European cultural heritage.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Cultural policy – European communities"
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on Forced Displacement, Joint Data Center. REFUGEE EMERGENCIES AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS REFUGEES : SOME INSIGHTS FROM THE ACADEMIC LITERATURE. Joint Data Center on Forced Displacement (JDC), avril 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47053/jdc.290422.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The conflict in Ukraine has generated a large inflow of refugees into European countries, with more than five million people having fled to neighboring countries. So far, the public response has been generally positive, with large shares of the European population being in favor of the policies implemented to host and support the Ukrainian refugees. In this note we look at the academic literature with the aim to: a) discuss which socioeconomic characteristics of the refugees are typically associated with positive or negative attitudes towards them; and, b) reflect on which policy measures can promote more inclusive and tolerant preferences. The evidence from the literature suggests that negative attitudes towards refugees can be widespread, but less so for those groups that are perceived to be in need of humanitarian help, are culturally closer to host communities, and more likely to contribute to the economies of the host country. Three policy measures to sustain a welcoming climate towards refugees emerge from the relevant literature: facilitate the interactions between host communities and those forcibly displaced; integrate the refugees into the society, including in the labor market; and provide simple, factual information about the refugees and their socioeconomic background.
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Coulson, Saskia, Melanie Woods, Drew Hemment et Michelle Scott. Report and Assessment of Impact and Policy Outcomes Using Community Level Indicators : H2020 Making Sense Report. University of Dundee, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001192.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Making Sense is a European Commission H2020 funded project which aims at supporting participatory sensing initiatives that address environmental challenges in areas such as noise and air pollution. The development of Making Sense was informed by previous research on a crowdfunded open source platform for environmental sensing, SmartCitizen.me, developed at the Fab Lab Barcelona. Insights from this research identified several deterrents for a wider uptake of participatory sensing initiatives due to social and technical matters. For example, the participants struggled with the lack of social interactions, a lack of consensus and shared purpose amongst the group, and a limited understanding of the relevance the data had in their daily lives (Balestrini et al., 2014; Balestrini et al., 2015). As such, Making Sense seeks to explore if open source hardware, open source software and and open design can be used to enhance data literacy and maker practices in participatory sensing. Further to this, Making Sense tests methodologies aimed at empowering individuals and communities through developing a greater understanding of their environments and by supporting a culture of grassroot initiatives for action and change. To do this, Making Sense identified a need to underpin sensing with community building activities and develop strategies to inform and enable those participating in data collection with appropriate tools and skills. As Fetterman, Kaftarian and Wanderman (1996) state, citizens are empowered when they understand evaluation and connect it in a way that it has relevance to their lives. Therefore, this report examines the role that these activities have in participatory sensing. Specifically, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in using the concept of Community Level Indicators (CLIs), which are measurable and objective sources of information gathered to complement sensor data. We describe how CLIs are used to develop a more indepth understanding of the environmental problem at hand, and to record, monitor and evaluate the progress of change during initiatives. We propose that CLIs provide one way to move participatory sensing beyond a primarily technological practice and towards a social and environmental practice. This is achieved through an increased focus in the participants’ interests and concerns, and with an emphasis on collective problem solving and action. We position our claims against the following four challenge areas in participatory sensing: 1) generating and communicating information and understanding (c.f. Loreto, 2017), 2) analysing and finding relevance in data (c.f. Becker et al., 2013), 3) building community around participatory sensing (c.f. Fraser et al., 2005), and 4) achieving or monitoring change and impact (c.f. Cheadle et al., 2000). We discuss how the use of CLIs can tend to these challenges. Furthermore, we report and assess six ways in which CLIs can address these challenges and thereby support participatory sensing initiatives: i. Accountability ii. Community assessment iii. Short-term evaluation iv. Long-term evaluation v. Policy change vi. Capability The report then returns to the challenge areas and reflects on the learnings and recommendations that are gleaned from three Making Sense case studies. Afterwhich, there is an exposition of approaches and tools developed by Making Sense for the purposes of advancing participatory sensing in this way. Lastly, the authors speak to some of the policy outcomes that have been realised as a result of this research.
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Bourhrous, Amal, Shivan Fazil et Dylan O’Driscoll. Post-conflict Reconstruction in the Nineveh Plains of Iraq : Agriculture, Cultural Practices and Social Cohesion. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/raep9560.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The atrocities committed by the Islamic State (IS) between 2014 and 2017 left deep scars on the Nineveh Plains in northern Iraq. IS deliberately targeted ethnic and religious communities with the aim of erasing the traces of diversity, pluralism and coexistence that have long characterized the region. To prevent people from living as Assyrians, Chaldeans, Kaka’i, Shabaks, Syriacs, Turkmen and Yazidis, IS destroyed sites of cultural and religious significance to these communities and devastated their livelihoods, including their crop and livestock farming activities. Using a people-centered approach, this SIPRI Research Policy Paper stresses the need for a holistic approach to post-conflict reconstruction in the Nineveh Plains that not only focuses on rebuilding the physical environment and economic structures, but also pays adequate attention to restoring the ability of communities to engage in cultural and religious practices, and to mending social and intercommunity relations. The paper highlights the interconnectedness of physical environments, economic structures, cultural practices and social dynamics. It stresses the need to address the impacts of the IS occupation while taking into account other pressing challenges such as climate change and water scarcity.
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Bano, Masooda, et Daniel Dyonisius. Community-Responsive Education Policies and the Question of Optimality : Decentralisation and District-Level Variation in Policy Adoption and Implementation in Indonesia. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), août 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/108.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Decentralisation, or devolving authority to the third tier of government to prioritise specific policy reforms and manage their implementation, is argued to lead to pro-poor development for a number of reasons: local bureaucrats can better gauge the local needs, be responsive to community demands, and, due to physical proximity, can be more easily held accountable by community members. In the education sector, devolving authority to district government has thus been seen as critical to introducing reforms aimed at increasing access and improving learning outcomes. Based on fieldwork with district-level education bureaucracies, schools, and communities in two districts in the state of West Java in Indonesia, this article shows that decentralisation has indeed led to community-responsive policy-development in Indonesia. The district-level education bureaucracies in both districts did appear to prioritise community preferences when choosing to prioritise specific educational reforms from among many introduced by the national government. However, the optimality of these preferences could be questioned. The prioritised policies are reflective of cultural and religious values or immediate employment considerations of the communities in the two districts, rather than being explicitly focused on improving learning outcomes: the urban district prioritised degree completion, while the rural district prioritised moral education. These preferences might appear sub-optimal if the preference is for education bureaucracies to focus directly on improving literacy and numeracy outcomes. Yet, taking into account the socio-economic context of each district, it becomes easy to see the logic dictating these preferences: the communities and the district government officials are consciously prioritising those education policies for which they foresee direct payoffs. Since improving learning outcomes requires long-term commitment, it appears rational to focus on policies promising more immediate gains, especially when they aim, indirectly and implicitly, to improve actual learning outcomes. Thus, more effective community mobilisation campaigns can be developed if the donor agencies funding them recognise that it is not necessarily the lack of information but the nature of the local incentive structures that shapes communities’ expectations of education. Overall, decentralisation is leading to more context-specific educational policy prioritisation in Indonesia, resulting in the possibility of significant district-level variation in outcomes. Further, looking at the school-level variation in each district, the paper shows that public schools ranked as high performing had students from more privileged socio-economic backgrounds and were catering for communities that had more financial resources to support activities in the school, compared with schools ranked as low performing. Thus, there is a gap to bridge within public schools and not just between public and private schools.
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Bergsen, Pepijn, Leah Downey, Max Krahé, Hans Kundnani, Manuela Moschella et Quinn Slobodian. The economic basis of democracy in Europe : structural economic change, inequality and the depoliticization of economic policymaking. Royal Institute of International Affairs, septembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784135362.
Texte intégralRésumé :
- To understand contemporary challenges to European democracy, it is crucial to look beyond the surface of politics and consider the deeper relationship between democracy and the economy. Instead of focusing exclusively on the rise of ‘populism’, it is necessary to acknowledge the multiplicity of threats to European democracy, in particular those arising from the structure of European economies and economic policymaking. - Understanding these weaknesses in the functioning of European democracies is crucial to an effective approach to future economic transformations, in particular the green transition, but also for dealing effectively and equitably with challenges such as higher inflation. It is important that the relevant policy changes and responses are democratically legitimate and do not foster the kind of political backlash that previous economic transformations did. - Over the past 40 years, economic inequality – ranging from income inequality to discrepancies in wealth and economic security – has widened throughout developed economies. In turn, these developments have generated increasing political inequality, as economic policymaking has served the interests of the well-off. - Democratic systems have also been made less responsive to electorates through the ‘depoliticization’ of policymaking, in particular economic policy, as a result of its insulation from national-level democratic scrutiny. The expansion of technocratic modes of governance – notably through independent central banks and EU-level institutions – has in many cases entrenched the policy preferences of specific groups in institutions removed from direct democratic control. - As this depoliticization has to a large extent made democratic contestation over economic policy redundant, politics has increasingly been polarized around ‘cultural’ questions. But such a focus on culture is unlikely to address the inequalities behind the dysfunction of democracies in Europe. - Strengthening European democracy requires a ‘repoliticization’ of economic policymaking, including both fiscal and monetary policymaking. In the specific context of the EU, this would mean opening up more policy space for national decision-makers and parliaments – in particular by giving them a more influential role in fiscal policy, and by making monetary policy more democratic.
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Reynolds, Christian, Libby Oakden, Sarah West, Rachel Pateman et Chris Elliott. Citizen Science and Food : A Review. Food Standards Agency, mars 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.nao903.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Citizen science and food is part of a new programme of work to explore how we can involve the communities we serve when building the evidence-base on which policy decisions are made. Citizen science is an approach that can provide high volumes of data with a wide geographic spread. It is relatively quick to deploy and allows access to evidence we would ordinarily have difficulty collating. This methodology has been endorsed by the European Commission for Research, Science and Innovation. There is no one size fits all definition, but citizen science projects involves engaging with communities and asking them to be part of the project, either through engaging them in data collection or through other ways of co-creation. For participants, citizen science offers learning opportunities, the satisfaction of contributing to scientific evidence and the potential to influence policy. It can also give us data which is high in volume, has wide geographical spread, is relatively quick to deploy and that we couldn’t access any other way. Projects using these methods often involve engaging with communities and asking them to be part of the project. This can be either through working with them in data collection, or through co-creation. This report demonstrates that the research community are already undertaking numerous pieces of research that align with FSA’s evidence needs. This includes examples from the UK and other global communities. Participants in such research have collected data on topics ranging from food preparation in the home to levels of chemical contaminant in foods. The findings of this report outline that citizen science could allow the FSA to target and facilitate more systematic engagement with UK and global research communities, to help address key research priorities of the FSA.
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Crooks, Roderic. Toward People’s Community Control of Technology : Race, Access, and Education. Social Science Research Council, janvier 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/jt.3015.d.2022.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This field review explores how the benefits of access to computing for racialized and minoritized communities has become an accepted fact in policy and research, despite decades of evidence that technical fixes do not solve the kinds of complex social problems that disproportionately affect these communities. I use the digital divide framework—a 1990s policy diagnosis that argues that the growth and success of the internet would bifurcate the public into digital “haves” and “have-nots”—as a lens to look at why access to computing frequently appears as a means to achieve economic, political, and social equality for racialized and minoritized communities. First, I present a brief cultural history of computer-assisted instruction to show that widely-held assumptions about the educational utility of computing emerged from utopian narratives about scientific progress and innovation—narratives that also traded on raced and gendered assumptions about users of computers. Next, I use the advent of the digital divide framework and its eventual transformation into digital inequality research to show how those raced and gendered norms about computing and computer users continue to inform research on information and communication technologies (ICTs) used in educational contexts. This is important because the norms implicated in digital divide research are also present in other sites where technology and civic life intersect, including democratic participation, public health, and immigration, among others. I conclude by arguing that naïve or cynical deployments of computing technology can actually harm or exploit the very same racialized and minoritized communities that access is supposed to benefit. In short, access to computing in education—or in any other domain—can only meaningfully contribute to equality when minoritized and racialized communities are allowed to pursue their own collective goals.
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Hellström, Anders. How anti-immigration views were articulated in Sweden during and after 2015. Malmö University, Malmö Institute for Studies of Migration, Diversity and Welfare (MIM), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178771936.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The development towards the mainstreaming of extremism in European countries in the areas of immigration and integration has taken place both in policy and in discourse. The harsh policy measures that were implemented after the 2015 refugee crisis have led to a discursive shift; what is normal to say and do in the areas of immigration and integration has changed. Anti-immigration claims are today not merely articulated in the fringes of the political spectrum but more widely accepted and also, at least partly, officially sanctioned. This study investigates the anti-immigration claims, seen as (populist) appeals to the people that centre around a particular mythology of the people and that are, as such, deeply ingrained in national identity construction. The two dimensions of the populist divide are of relevance here: The horizontal dimension refers to articulated differences between "the people", who belong here, and the "non-people" (the other), who do not. The vertical dimension refers to articulated differences between the common people and the established elites. Empirically, the analysis shows how anti-immigration views embedded in processes of national myth making during and after 2015 were articulated in the socially conservative online newspaper Samtiden from 2016 to 2019. The results indicate that far-right populist discourse conveys a nostalgia for a golden age and a cohesive and homogenous collective identity, combining ideals of cultural conformism and socioeconomic fairness.
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Gattenhof, Sandra, Donna Hancox, Sasha Mackay, Kathryn Kelly, Te Oti Rakena et Gabriela Baron. Valuing the Arts in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand. Queensland University of Technology, décembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.227800.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The arts do not exist in vacuum and cannot be valued in abstract ways; their value is how they make people feel, what they can empower people to do and how they interact with place to create legacy. This research presents insights across Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand about the value of arts and culture that may be factored into whole of government decision making to enable creative, vibrant, liveable and inclusive communities and nations. The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed a great deal about our societies, our collective wellbeing, and how urgent the choices we make now are for our futures. There has been a great deal of discussion – formally and informally – about the value of the arts in our lives at this time. Rightly, it has been pointed out that during this profound disruption entertainment has been a lifeline for many, and this argument serves to re-enforce what the public (and governments) already know about audience behaviours and the economic value of the arts and entertainment sectors. Wesley Enoch stated in The Saturday Paper, “[m]etrics for success are already skewing from qualitative to quantitative. In coming years, this will continue unabated, with impact measured by numbers of eyeballs engaged in transitory exposure or mass distraction rather than deep connection, community development and risk” (2020, 7). This disconnect between the impact of arts and culture on individuals and communities, and what is measured, will continue without leadership from the sector that involves more diverse voices and perspectives. In undertaking this research for Australia Council for the Arts and Manatū Taonga Ministry for Culture & Heritage, New Zealand, the agreed aims of this research are expressed as: 1. Significantly advance the understanding and approaches to design, development and implementation of assessment frameworks to gauge the value and impact of arts engagement with a focus on redefining evaluative practices to determine wellbeing, public value and social inclusion resulting from arts engagement in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand. 2. Develop comprehensive, contemporary, rigorous new language frameworks to account for a multiplicity of understandings related to the value and impact of arts and culture across diverse communities. 3. Conduct sector analysis around understandings of markers of impact and value of arts engagement to identify success factors for broad government, policy, professional practitioner and community engagement. This research develops innovative conceptual understandings that can be used to assess the value and impact of arts and cultural engagement. The discussion shows how interaction with arts and culture creates, supports and extends factors such as public value, wellbeing, and social inclusion. The intersection of previously published research, and interviews with key informants including artists, peak arts organisations, gallery or museum staff, community cultural development organisations, funders and researchers, illuminates the differing perceptions about public value. The report proffers opportunities to develop a new discourse about what the arts contribute, how the contribution can be described, and what opportunities exist to assist the arts sector to communicate outcomes of arts engagement in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand.
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Atkinson, Dan, et Alex Hale, dir. From Source to Sea : ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, septembre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.126.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four headings: 1. From Source to Sea: River systems, from their source to the sea and beyond, should form the focus for research projects, allowing the integration of all archaeological work carried out along their course. Future research should take a holistic view of the marine and maritime historic environment, from inland lakes that feed freshwater river routes, to tidal estuaries and out to the open sea. This view of the landscape/seascape encompasses a very broad range of archaeology and enables connections to be made without the restrictions of geographical or political boundaries. Research strategies, programmes From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report iii and projects can adopt this approach at multiple levels; from national to site-specific, with the aim of remaining holistic and cross-cutting. 2. Submerged Landscapes: The rising research profile of submerged landscapes has recently been embodied into a European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action; Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology and Landscapes of the Continental Shelf (SPLASHCOS), with exciting proposals for future research. Future work needs to be integrated with wider initiatives such as this on an international scale. Recent projects have begun to demonstrate the research potential for submerged landscapes in and beyond Scotland, as well as the need to collaborate with industrial partners, in order that commercially-created datasets can be accessed and used. More data is required in order to fully model the changing coastline around Scotland and develop predictive models of site survival. Such work is crucial to understanding life in early prehistoric Scotland, and how the earliest communities responded to a changing environment. 3. Marine & Maritime Historic Landscapes: Scotland’s coastal and intertidal zones and maritime hinterland encompass in-shore islands, trans-continental shipping lanes, ports and harbours, and transport infrastructure to intertidal fish-traps, and define understanding and conceptualisation of the liminal zone between the land and the sea. Due to the pervasive nature of the Marine and Maritime historic landscape, a holistic approach should be taken that incorporates evidence from a variety of sources including commercial and research archaeology, local and national societies, off-shore and onshore commercial development; and including studies derived from, but not limited to history, ethnology, cultural studies, folklore and architecture and involving a wide range of recording techniques ranging from photography, laser imaging, and sonar survey through to more orthodox drawn survey and excavation. 4. Collaboration: As is implicit in all the above, multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches are essential in order to ensure the capacity to meet the research challenges of the marine and maritime historic environment. There is a need for collaboration across the heritage sector and beyond, into specific areas of industry, science and the arts. Methods of communication amongst the constituent research individuals, institutions and networks should be developed, and dissemination of research results promoted. The formation of research communities, especially virtual centres of excellence, should be encouraged in order to build capacity.