Articles de revues : « Crisis management – Europe »

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Kreuder-Sonnen, Christian. « Political secrecy in Europe : crisis management and crisis exploitation ». West European Politics 41, n^o 4 (5 décembre 2017) : 958–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2017.1404813.

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Pauly, L. W. « Financial Crisis Management in Europe and Beyond ». Contributions to Political Economy 27, n^o 1 (9 avril 2008) : 73–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cpe/bzn006.

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Busek, Erhard. « Europe needs a better crisis management system ». Transition Studies Review 15, n^o 1 (juillet 2008) : 193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11300-008-0175-2.

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Nunnenkamp, Peter. « Europe and the crisis ». Intereconomics 34, n^o 1 (janvier 1999) : 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02928967.

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Dimitras, Augustinos I., Maria I. Kyriakou et George Iatridis. « Financial crisis, GDP variation and earnings management in Europe ». Research in International Business and Finance 34 (mai 2015) : 338–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2015.02.017.

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Honningdal Grytten, Ola, et Viktoriia Koilo. « Financial instability, institutional development and economic crisis in Eastern Europe ». Investment Management and Financial Innovations 16, n^o 3 (6 septembre 2019) : 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.16(3).2019.16.

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This paper sheds light on the financial crisis of 2008–2010 in eleven emerging Eastern European economies (EE11): Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Georgia, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Moldova, Romania, Tajikistan and Ukraine. The aim is twofold. In the first place it seeks to find out if the financial instability hypothesis, as put forward by Minsky and Kindleberger, is a valid explanatory factor for the crisis. Secondly, it tries to map if general institutional frameworks of these countries were developed in order to stand against the factors leading into the financial crisis.To answer these research problems the paper maps cycles of three parameters representing the real economy, i.e. gross domestic product, manufacturing output and unemployment and four parameters representing the financial markets, i.e. money supply, credit volumes, inflation and government debt. The cycle approach is carried out with the help of a structural time series analysis to isolate cycles in time series. The paper concludes that there were substantial positive financial cycles previous to the financial crisis mirrored by similar cycles in the real economy. Similarly, the results show negative cycles in the same parameters during the years of crisis. It seems that an uncontrolled increase in money and credit caused the economy to overheat and thereafter contract into financial and real economy crises.Also, the paper compiles twelve different indices of institutional development. These are standardized and presented in an institutional development matrix, showing that the general institutional framework for the eleven economies was weak previous to and under the meltdown of the economies. The construction of an integrated institutional development index on the basis of the same twelve parameters confirms institutional shortcomings, which may have made the economies less able to guard themselves from a crisis initiated by both domestically and internationally financial instability.

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Behnke, Nathalie, et Steffen Eckhard. « A systemic perspective on crisis management and resilience in Germany ». dms – der moderne staat – Zeitschrift für Public Policy, Recht und Management 15, n^o 1-2022 (20 juin 2022) : 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/dms.v15i1.11.

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In the past decades, Germany was hit – in equal measure to other countries in Europe and beyond – by multiple transboundary and societal crises. We take stock of the ability of the German state to cope with the ensuing complexity in managing these exceptional situations. Conceptually, we apply a systemic perspective that asks about the resilience of the German state in the subsystems of policymaking in crises, implementation of administrative crisis management, as well as societal responses to crises. The paper draws on findings from a range of empirical studies assembled in this special issue, that focus either on the so-called refugee crisis of 2015/16 or the Covid-19 pandemic since 2020. Strikingly, the overall impression emerging from this research is generally favorable of the ability of the German politico-administrative system to master challenging crises – its resilience. But there are also areas for improvement.

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Sarfati, Hedva. « Coping with the unemployment crisis in Europe ». International Labour Review 152, n^o 1 (mars 2013) : 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1564-913x.2013.00173.x.

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Markiewicz, Telesfor Marek. « Crisis management in the European Air Traffic Management Network ». WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering 130 (1 septembre 2020) : 53–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5243.

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The article presents the genesis and evolution of Network Manager (NM) activities in terms of responding to disturbances and crisis situations and mitigating their effects on the European air traffic management network. The objective of these activities, carried out in coordination with the operational stakeholders and other relevant stakeholders, is to ensure maximum continuity and safety of air navigation services for aircraft operators and airports. The review, analysis and evaluation of how to respond to extraordinary and unforeseen events with a negative impact on the functioning of the air transport sector in Europe covers the period 2010-2018.

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Papadaki, Afroditi, et Christos Tzovas. « Financial crisis and accrual and real earnings management in Europe ». Corporate Ownership and Control 14, n^o 3 (2017) : 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i3art1.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate whether firms engage more intensively in earnings management in a period of financial crisis. In particular, we examined a sample of 10.139 observations from 19 European Union countries for the period 2005-2014. Earnings management had been examined on both accrual and real earnings management basis. It appears that in the period of financial crisis firms are less inclined to use accruals for earnings management purposes, while real earnings management is not affected by financial crisis. Yet it seems that the more profitable firms and the firms audited by big auditing firms are less likely to adopt real earnings management practices. In addition, we found that firms’ size and leverage are factors that affect firms’ decision to manage their earnings, either on accrual or real earnings management basis.

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Gabor, Daniela. « (De)Financialization and Crisis in Eastern Europe ». Competition & ; Change 14, n^o 3-4 (décembre 2010) : 248–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/102452910x12837703615373.

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Győri, Tímea. « Labour market crisis management after crisis of 2008 - Intervention expenditure and "Europe 2020" indicators ». DETUROPE - The Central European Journal of Tourism and Regional Development 13, n^o 3 (1 février 2022) : 4–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32725/det.2021.017.

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Yordanova, D. « ON THE INNOVATIVE GOVERNANCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS IN A CONDITION OF A GLOBAL CRISIS AND BULGARIA ». Trakia Journal of Sciences 20, n^o 3 (2022) : 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2022.03.004.

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The accelerated pace of change in the global economy leads to many events unfolding in crisis - global, national, sectoral, structural, economic crises. Because innovation is risky and expensive, many companies focus more on survival and less on finding new opportunities during a crisis. Given the vastness of the issues under consideration, this article focuses on the possibilities for innovative management of public sector organizations in times of crisis. The aim of the article is to study the experience in Europe and the world for innovative public governance and views on a model of innovation management. To achieve this goal are the following tasks: 1) Overview of theoretical concepts of innovation and innovation in the public sector and types of innovation. 2) What is needed for innovation in crises? 3) Overview of the state and aspects of innovative management of the public sector in Bulgaria. Subject of research the possibilities for innovative management of the organizations in crisis conditions. Research methods: For the purposes of the present research, combined methods for analysis and synthesis of information have been used. The article applies a systematic analysis of a database of publications in specialized journals and websites on the possibilities for innovative management of organizations in times of crisis. Scope of the study: The experience in Europe and the world of innovative public governance and views on a model of innovation management are studied. Results: Good practice shows that transparency, cooperation, innovation and learning are the key factors that should guide the actions of organizations and at the same time put people at the center of public governance

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Stern, Eric, et Bengt Sundelius. « Crisis Management Europe : An Integrated Regional Research and Training Program ». International Studies Perspectives 3, n^o 1 (février 2002) : 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1528-3577.00080.

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Hollis, Simon. « Crisis management in Europe : exploring transgovernmental solutions to transboundary problems ». Journal of Transatlantic Studies 18, n^o 2 (18 février 2020) : 231–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s42738-020-00042-1.

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Malfait, M., et A. Malfait. « National Political Risks Addressed by a Dedicated Crisis and Risk Management Technique ». Journal of Law and Administration 16, n^o 2 (26 juin 2020) : 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2020-2-55-43-52.

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Introduction: The world has been confronted with at least three significant security crises since the new millennium, to begin with the terror crisis with culminating in 2001 and 2016, the migration crisis dating back to 2015 mainly in Europe and the epidemiological crisis originating in 2020. Research shows that nations are divided over what types of methods are to be used to tackle these crises.Materials and Methods: The analytical and comparative methods have been used to get a bird’s eye view on dissimilar approaches to crisis and risk management taken by various nations.Results: This research addresses how crisis and risk management within the context of public governance can widely differ among states. In order to understand the indications and warning methodology of intelligence agencies, the authors have identified the prevailing twenty-first-century political risks by juxtaposing crises and risks. Drawing on the black swan theory, the authors describe how crises may evolve into risks given a plethora of hazards that may endanger today’s national security such as terrorism, migration with malicious intent and global pandemics. Five vital state interests have been outlined that are critical for governments to perform national threat assessments and forward looking scenario-building. The study ends by illustrating Plato’s ideal state concept applied to internal security governance.Discussion and Conclusion: The key takeaway is that crisis and risk management is urgently required on a more global scale in the years following 2020.

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Borca, Bianca, Lisa-Maria Putz et Florian Hofbauer. « Crises and Their Effects on Freight Transport Modes : A Literature Review and Research Framework ». Sustainability 13, n^o 10 (20 mai 2021) : 5740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105740.

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Learning from the effects of past crises allows the transport sector to handle future crises effectively and proactively. The goal of this paper is to identify and classify types of crises that have hit Europe in the previous 20 years and to identify the effects of these crises on the freight transport modes. Moreover, further research on each transport mode is derived. To reach this goal, we conducted a systematic literature review by using five well-known databases, which resulted in 296 search results, of which 29 references were relevant. We identified four crises that hit the freight transport modes in the previous 20 years in Europe: the 2008 financial crisis, the 2015 migration crisis, the 2020 COVID-19 crisis, and the ongoing climate crisis. However, the effects of the different crises on the transport modes can be both positive (e.g., the introduction of a new maritime slow-steaming service) or negative (e.g., a reduction in safety). The insights, gaps, and future research directions identified will encourage researchers, as well as practitioners, to learn from previous crises and be prepared for proactive actions during future crises, thus contributing to more reliable and sustainable transportation systems.

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Janovac, Tatjana, et Saša Virijević Jovanović. « The Effects of Charismatic Leadership of the Eastern European Cultural Cluster in Crisis Situations ». Kultura polisa 19, n^o 3 (28 août 2022) : 156–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.51738/kpolisa2022.19.3r.156jvj.

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Within the last ten years, the European continent has been strongly affected by three major crises. In addition to the migrant crisis, Covid-19, and the Russian-Ukrainian war, a fourth energy crisis is now on the horizon. All these crises have affected the social changes in European countries, also influencing their leadership which had to adjust to new situations that brought uncertainty and required rapid and radical changes. The goal of this paper is to analyse the effects of charismatic leadership in the cultural cluster of Eastern Europe during the crisis. The cultural cluster of Eastern Europe is characterised by a high degree of collectivism, as opposed to a low degree of future orientation and avoidance of uncertainty. A charismatic leader focused on values, people, and results responds to these characteristics of culture. In addition, charismatic leadership has a specific effect on followers in crisis situations by instilling confidence and making them feel safe. Literature review indicated that the alignment between the characteristics of cultural cluster and leadership style leads to positive effects and a strong relationship between leaders and followers in the crisis management process.

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Phillips, Paul. « The Debt Crisis and Eastern Europe ». Monthly Review 41, n^o 9 (3 février 1990) : 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-041-09-1990-02_3.

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Brooker, Peter. « The European ATC System : Constraints and Traffic Management ». Journal of Navigation 43, n^o 2 (mai 1990) : 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300009516.

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This, and the following three papers were presented at the Royal Institute of Navigation meeting ‘Management of Air Traffic Flow in Europe' on 15 November 1989.One of the growth industries in Europe is the production of articles in newspapers and programmes on radio and television which deal with European air traffic control. They usually have titles like, ‘The Crisis in ATC’, or ‘European Air Traffic Meltdown’. Jane's Airport Review, in October 1989, had an article entitled ‘Wanted: One ATC System for Europe’.

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Komninos, Nicos, Bernard Musyck et Alasdair Iain Reid. « Smart specialisation strategies in south Europe during crisis ». European Journal of Innovation Management 17, n^o 4 (7 octobre 2014) : 448–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejim-11-2013-0118.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess how national and regional authorities in south-east Europe in a period of crisis perceive and set in motion research and innovation strategies for smart specialisation (RIS3) and the options that these strategies offer to overcome the current fiscal and development crisis. Design/methodology/approach – The paper starts with a literature review on the guiding principles of smart specialisation strategies and the differences from previous rounds of regional innovation strategies. Evidence on smart specialisation efforts is provided by cases studies in Greece, Slovenia, and Cyprus, focusing on the elaboration of such strategies in three countries with precarious innovation systems under severe conditions of crisis. The case studies are organised around key aspects of the smart specialisation logic, such as the selection of specialisation priorities, bottom-up governance, private sector leadership, and engines of innovation and competitiveness. Findings – The paper explores the obstacles encountered in running effective RIS strategies under crisis conditions. The paper highlights the main challenges to address, such as the readiness and credibility of public authorities to design and implement sound RIS3 strategies, the willingness of companies to be involved in strategic planning, the availability of private investment funds, innovation and diversification during a crisis, and the drivers of specialisation that could lead to competitiveness and growth. In the conclusions the paper identifies three routes towards smarter productive diversification and five critical stages in the entrepreneurial discovery process. Originality/value – The paper has both practical and theoretical significance. It focuses on the main challenges of smart specialisation and offers guidance in the elaboration of RIS3 in peripheral EU economies. On the other hand, it proposes a model for the entrepreneurial discovery process, based on the assessment of areas and futures of productivity and added-value increase, as productive diversification and crisis exit route.

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Feldmann, Magnus. « Crisis and opportunity : Varieties of capitalism and varieties of crisis responses in Estonia and Slovenia ». European Journal of Industrial Relations 23, n^o 1 (14 octobre 2016) : 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680116672280.

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A growing literature has analysed capitalist institutions in Slovenia and Estonia, two countries often viewed as representing very different varieties of capitalism in Central and Eastern Europe. Slovenia has been unique in the region, given its highly centralized wage bargaining and the importance of corporatist institutions, notably the tripartite Economic and Social Council; it is thus an exception to the general pattern of weak unions and ‘illusory corporatism’ across the region. By contrast, Estonia is commonly viewed as a prime example of a liberal market economy, in which industrial relations are decentralized. This article analyses how these distinctive institutional configurations have shaped the two countries’ responses to the global economic crisis beginning in 2007–2008. It explores whether these institutions have undergone changes as a result of the crisis, and also seeks to identify lessons from this experience for the future prospects for corporatism and tripartism, and also for the revitalization of trade unions and progressive politics in Central and Eastern Europe more generally.

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Calakovic, Edita. « The European refugee crisis in Europe and multicultural integration ». International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy 14, n^o 1 (2019) : 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijfip.2019.098370.

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Calakovic, Edita. « The European refugee crisis in Europe and multicultural integration ». International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy 14, n^o 1 (2019) : 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijfip.2019.10019827.

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Gros, Daniel. « Financial Crisis : High Cost of “non Europe” ». Intereconomics 43, n^o 5 (septembre 2008) : 254–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10272-008-0258-7.

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Zinecker, Marek, et Tomas Meluzin. « Private Equity and Venture Capital : an Empirical Analysis ». Equilibrium 6, n^o 2 (30 juin 2011) : 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/equil2011.011.

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The paper deals with the analysis of the private equity and venture capital investment and divestment trends and activities on the European market, particularly on the market of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), in times of economic crises 2007-2009. The analysis is based on the data published by the European Private Equity and Venture Capital Association (EVCA), the Czech Private Equity and Venture Capital Association (CVCA) and the Bundesverband Deutscher Kapitalbeteiligungsgesellschaften (BVK). The economic crisis in 2008-2009 caused a rapid cooling of the European market. Private equity and venture capital management companies located in Europe have decreased significantly both investment and divestment activity. The economic crisis on CEE market showed a delay and a lower intensity in comparison with Western Europe. CEE market is, however, underdeveloped. This argument is supported by the data indicating annual investment and divestment value, and number of companies received private equity financing.

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Bruno, Valerio A., et Giacomo Finzi. « Leading through a Decade of Crisis—Not Bad, After All ». German Politics and Society 36, n^o 4 (1 décembre 2018) : 50–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2018.360403.

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The decade following the great economic and financial crisis of 2008 saw the European Union demanding regional leadership. The EU has also suffered a number of other existential crises, such as the ongoing refugee crisis, the Ukraine-Russia military confrontation, the revival of nationalism and radical right-wing populism, alongside the “trade war” between the United States and the EU. The article develops a novel theoretical framework structuring leadership as a peculiar typology of power, characterized by the capacity of both including “followership” countries’ interests and providing crisis management. Our central argument is that Germany responded strategically to leadership demand in Europe through a positive power role, exhibiting the inclusion of followership and multilateral leadership rather than hegemonic, together with crisis management skills based on solid influence over regional outcomes. Conclusions are drawn from five key case studies drawn from different policy areas.

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Andor, Gyorgy, et Tamas Toth. « NON-FINANCIAL BACKGROUND OF SUCCESS AROUND GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS – EVIDENCE FROM EASTERN EUROPE ». Facta Universitatis, Series : Economics and Organization, n^o 2 (23 janvier 2019) : 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/fueo1804305a.

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The research is about the relationship between the non-financial firm characteristics and the financial progress around the global financial crisis in 2008-2009. Non-financial firm characteristics data of 218 non-listed Central and Eastern European companies come from a survey in 2006 which focused on the capital budgeting practices and other characteristics of firms – such as presence of Western management culture, firm size, and extent of management ownership. The most important financial indicators are followed up reflecting these firms’ financial progresses – sales, profit before tax, net income, earnings before interest and taxes, total assets, equity, debt, return on equity, return on assets and number of employees – from 2005 to 2012. To analyse firms’ sensibility to the 2008-2009 global financial crisis, differences of financial indicators between the pre-crisis (2005-2008) and post-crisis (2009-2012) periods are examined by the non-financial indicators.Our results confirm that 1) firms using any accounting-based capital budgeting methods are less sensitive to the financial crisis; 2) small firms are more exposed to a volatile business environment than larger ones; and 3) firms with higher level of management ownership perform better in time of crisis than firms with lower level of management ownership.

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Katja Yafimava. « MOLDOVA’S GAS CRISIS AND ITS LESSONS FOR EUROPE ». Current Digest of the Russian Press, The 73, n^o 045-046 (14 novembre 2021) : 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21557/dsp.72183532.

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Meadway, James. « The Euro : Crisis and Collapse ? » Competition & ; Change 16, n^o 2 (avril 2012) : 150–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1024529412z.0000000007.

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By the end of the last decade, the European project appeared secure. Monetary union had been successfully negotiated and Eurozone members who had previously lagged, like Greece and Ireland, had sustained high rates of growth since their entry to the single currency in 1999. It did not seem ridiculous for a former foreign policy advisor to Tony Blair, Mark Leonard, to tell us in breathless style Why Europe Will Run the 21st Century (2005) . Citing Europe's new synthesis of social democracy's concern for welfare with the liberalism's support for freedom, Leonard happily forecast the spread of the European model to the rest of the world. That vision, needless to say, now lies in ruins. Europe, both as a constellation of supranational institutions making up the European Union, and as a collection of different nation states, is in a deep, and deepening, crisis. For the last eighteen months, its political leaders have met with increasing frequency to offer a succession of failed solutions, with the gap between the summit's final statement of intent and its collapse seemingly shrinking on every occasion. The malaise looks incurable.

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Lesser, Kathrin, Felix Rößle et Christian Walkshäusl. « International socially responsible funds : financial performance and managerial skills during crisis and non-crisis markets ». Problems and Perspectives in Management 14, n^o 3 (27 septembre 2016) : 461–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(3-2).2016.02.

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Nofsinger and Varma (2014) provide evidence that U.S. socially responsible funds outperform conventional funds during periods of market turmoil and, therefore, grant some crisis insurance. To investigate whether the U.S.-based evidence can be transferred to international markets, the authors analyze a comprehensive sample of internationally-investing socially responsible equity funds in a period from 2000 to 2012. As abnormal returns are model-specific, the authors apply standard and q-theory based performance measurement models. At first glance, the authors observe no crisis protection for internationally-investing socially responsible funds. However, splitting their sample in funds domiciled in North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific to account for biases due to the origin of a fund, the authors find that socially responsible funds from North America outperform their peers in crisis periods irrespective of the applied performance evaluation model. The authors suggest that the U.S.-based evidence is restricted to internationally-investing funds domiciled in North America, and discover that this outperformance seems to be owed to the stock-picking abilities of North American fund managers and their advantage due to the nature of the North American market. Keywords: socially responsible investments, mutual funds, international markets, performance evaluation, managerial abilities. JEL Classification: G11, G12, G15, G23, M14

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Demirovic, Alex, et Thomas Sablowski. « Finanzdominierte Akkumulation und die Krise in Europa ». PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 42, n^o 166 (1 janvier 2012) : 77–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v42i166.19.

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The present crisis in Europe is just one form of a multiple crisis of the social formationdominated by the capitalist mode of production. More specifically it is a crisis of the financedominatedregime of accumulation which developed as a response to the crisis of Fordismsince the 1980s. In this article, first we analyze the contradictions of the finance-dominatedregime of accumulation and the contradictions of the crisis management of the ruling classes.

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A. Weigand, Robert. « The performance and risk of banks in the U.S., Europe and Japan post-financial crisis ». Investment Management and Financial Innovations 13, n^o 4 (15 décembre 2016) : 75–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.13(4).2016.07.

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The author compares the performance, growth, asset mix, risk, operational efficiency, profitability and capital holdings of the 20 largest banks in Japan, the U.S. and Europe from 2003-2015. Total revenue for each set of banks has declined by a full 20% since 2011. European banks are in a multiyear downward spiral, evidenced by dramatic declines in market capitalization, the book value of loans and total assets, and the level of deposits. Japanese bank performance is stagnant compared to Europe and the U.S. Both Japanese and European banks are particularly challenged by persistently lower net interest margins compared to U.S. banks.The percentage of impaired, restructured or nonperforming loans soared for U.S. and European banks post-crisis, but barely rose in Japan. All banks hold more Tier 1 capital than required by the Basel III accord, which has led to profound declines in their net profit margins and return on equity. Modeling the conditional volatility of U.S., Japanese and European banks provides evidence consistent with the idea that U.S. banks continue to exhibit a more robust post-crisis recovery, while Japanese and European banks continue to experience crisis-level conditions. Any evidence that Japanese and European banks have recovered from the financial crisis is fragile at best. Keywords: commercial banking, bank capital, regulation, risk, stock returns, profits. JEL Classification: G18, G21

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Soulsby, Anna, Graham Hollinshead et Thomas Steger. « Crisis and change in industrial relations in Central and Eastern Europe ». European Journal of Industrial Relations 23, n^o 1 (mars 2017) : 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680117693686.

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This article introduces the Special Issue on industrial relations in Central and Eastern Europe since the financial and economic crisis. Already dependent economically on funding from the west and lacking the robust industrial relations institutions traditional in much of Western Europe, countries in the region were particularly vulnerable. However, there are important cross-national differences, and the strategies of key actors have significantly affected the outcomes.

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Lazarides, Themistokles, et Electra Pitoska. « The European banking system before and after the crises ». Corporate Ownership and Control 11, n^o 3 (2014) : 358–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv11i3conf1p5.

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The European banking system is not isomorphic. The differences can be traced to the differences in their local economy development, legal origin, ownership status, corporate governance system, etc. The 2008 crisis has found the banking system of Europe in a transition status. The adoption of Euro, the establishment of the European Central Bank, the Basil III initiative, the adoption of legal isomorphism as policy in E.U., and finally the crises have been creating a unique environment for the banking system. The paper will address the issue of convergence of the banking system in Europe using a set of data from 27 countries of Europe. The analysis shows that the banks haven’t changed their financial and ownership structure. Some changes in strategy are not adequate to formulate the opinion that the banking sector in Europe is different than the one before it.

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Gallina, Pasquale, et Marco Ricci. « Covid-19 health crisis management in Europe : Decisive assessment is needed now ». International Journal of Infectious Diseases 96 (juillet 2020) : 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.010.

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Nowotny, Hanna, S. Faisal Ahmed, Sophie Bensing, Johan G. Beun, Manuela Brösamle, Irina Chifu, Hedi Claahsen van der Grinten et al. « Therapy options for adrenal insufficiency and recommendations for the management of adrenal crisis ». Endocrine 71, n^o 3 (mars 2021) : 586–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12020-021-02649-6.

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AbstractAdrenal insufficiency (AI) is a life-threatening condition requiring life-long glucocorticoid (GC) substitution therapy, as well as stress adaptation to prevent adrenal crises. The number of individuals with primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency in Europe is estimated to be 20–50/100.000. A growing number of AI cases are due to side effects of GC treatment used in different treatment strategies for cancer and to immunotherapy in cancer treatment. The benefit of hormone replacement therapy is evident but long-term adverse effects may arise due to the non-physiological GC doses and treatment regimens used. Given multiple GC replacement formulations available comprising short-acting, intermediate, long-acting and novel modified-release hydrocortisone as well as subcutaneous formulations, this review offers a concise summary on the latest therapeutic improvements for treatment of AI and prevention of adrenal crises. As availability of various glucocorticoid formulations and access to expert centers across Europe varies widely, European Reference Networks on rare endocrine conditions aim at harmonizing treatment and ensure access to specialized patient care for individual case-by-case treatment decisions. To improve the availability across Europe to cost effective oral and parenteral formulations of hydrocortisone will save lives.

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MARCHAL, SARAH, IVE MARX et NATASCHA VAN MECHELEN. « The Great Wake-Up Call ? Social Citizenship and Minimum Income Provisions in Europe in Times of Crisis ». Journal of Social Policy 43, n^o 2 (4 février 2014) : 247–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279413000950.

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AbstractWhen the 2008 crisis hit, social safety nets in Europe were not in the best of shape. This article examines what, if anything, governments did to adjust minimum income protection after two decades of relative neglect. In view of the hardship brought on by the crisis, this question is of importance in itself. In addition, there is a long-standing interest in the role crises play in re-shaping policies, possibly in a radical way. Building on purpose-collected data for twenty-four European countries, this article shows that many countries introduced supportive measures during the first years of the crisis, particularly in the form of additional benefit increases and more generous child benefits. Behavioural requirements imposed on minimum income recipients were not relaxed but in some countries activation efforts were intensified. Although the evidence shows that the crisis did trigger a response, there is little evidence for a structural change of course towards more adequate safety nets.

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McAdam, J. « Refugee Protection in Europe : Lessons of the Yugoslav Crisis ». International Journal of Refugee Law 13, n^o 4 (1 octobre 2001) : 712–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/13.4.712.

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Lewis, Paul, et Jason Heyes. « The changing face of youth employment in Europe ». Economic and Industrial Democracy 41, n^o 2 (24 août 2017) : 457–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x17720017.

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This article examines trends in youth employment across the EU-15 countries during 2002–2006 and 2007–2011. Drawing upon microdata from the EU Labour Force Survey it examines changes in contract type, hours worked and occupation by level of education. Although the financial crisis creates a discontinuity in numbers employed, and despite certain country specificities, the authors observe common structural changes across the two periods. They find an increasing shift from permanent full-time to temporary part-time contracts, the ‘hollowing out’ of traditional mid-skill level occupations and evidence of ‘occupational filtering down’ whereby the higher-educated are substituted for the lower-educated in low-skilled occupations. The authors observe some growth in ‘professionals’ following the crisis, but little evidence of the rise of a new knowledge economy. This raises questions concerning the most appropriate policy approaches to education and training and labour market regulation if European nations are to provide high-quality employment opportunities for their young people.

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Ceko, Enriko. « On Relations between Creativity, Innovation, and Quality Management Culture in Europe as a Responce to Crisis and Post-crisis Period ». European Scientific Journal, ESJ 19, n^o 1 (31 janvier 2023) : 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2023.v19n1p50.

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Purpose: Using regression analysis, the paper aims to clarify the relationship between innovation and creativity, innovation and quality management, and creativity and quality management. Design/methodology/approach – The paper opted for an exploratory study using regression analysis to find relations between innovation and creativity, innovation and quality management, and creativity and quality management, using data complemented Global Innovation Index and Creativity index and ISO 9001 standards certificate issued in European countries. Findings – The paper provides statistical insights about the relations between innovation and creativity, innovation and quality management, and creativity and quality management. It suggests that successful business organizations should invest in innovation, creativity, and quality management to achieve competitive advantage. Research limitations/implications – Because of the chosen research approach, the research results may need extended periods of investigation, therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further. Practical implications – The paper includes implications for the development of a powerful tool combining innovation, creativity, and quality management, achieving a competitive advantage. Originality/value – This paper fulfills for the first time under a regression analysis an identified need to study how innovation, creativity, and quality management are related strongly between them. Practical / Industrial value: The outcome of the research stresses the value of investing in innovation, creativity, and quality management to achieve a competitive advantage, considering the importance of soft factors of production (entrepreneurship and innovation) as much important as hard factors of production (labor, land, and capital) too.

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Demchak, Chris C. « Modernizing Military Organizations and Political Control in Central Europe ». Journal of Public Policy 15, n^o 2 (mai 1995) : 111–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00010126.

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ABSTRACTThe public policy issues of modernizing public agencies in Central Europe are nowhere more pressing than in the process of modernizing militaries. The leaders of central Europe – Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia – plan to deploy smaller, more professional forces equipped with advanced weapons and support systems, changing their organizations accordingly. This paper argues that the political and organizational circumstances roughly common to Central European countries make such modernization highly problematical for effective civilian policy in crises. Advanced technologies can compound the normal problems of civilian ministerial control by altering modernizing military organizations in unexpected ways. The more intricate, critical and expensive the machines, the more organizational effects they induce. Even in minor crises, military leaders will probably want to move to heightened states of readiness to be sure the machines are in place and functional. Under these circumstances, there is greater potential for each otherwise noisy but survivable crisis to escalate through regrettable military guidance and destabilizing military actions, with or without full civilian understanding.

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Mulhern, Alan. « Venezuelan small businesses and the economic crisis : reflections from Europe ». International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & ; Research 2, n^o 2 (août 1996) : 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13552559610119340.

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Štrbac, Katarina, et Branislav Milosavljević. « Crisis management system in European Union : How it works ? » Serbian Journal of Engineering Management 6, n^o 1 (2021) : 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sjem2101045s.

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The European Union's development path as a supranational organisation in which a single political, economic, and security space on the European continent prevails was not simple and easy. For many years, the European community's ideological creators have been looking for a supranational model that would simultaneously meet the times' challenges and ensure economic prosperity, internal stability, peace, and security in Europe. Such an organisation should have had a role in the international order. In European politics and science, there have been differences of opinion on whether the EU should develop a crisis management system or not. The need for the EU to develop its capabilities in foreign and security policy has influenced the establishment of the crisis management system as we know it today. Thanks to that, the European Union is an important player in world security, especially through military and civilian operations.

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Iankova, Elena, et Daniel Vaughan-Whitehead. « Paying the Price : The Wage Crisis in Central and Eastern Europe ». Industrial and Labor Relations Review 53, n^o 3 (avril 2000) : 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2695983.

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Oesten, Gerhard. « Über Perspektiven zukunftsorientierter Waldwirtschaft - Betriebspolitisches Handeln in gesellschaftlichen Spannungsfeldern | The perspectives for future-oriented forestry management - managerial decisions under social tension ». Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 155, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2004) : 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2004.0013.

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Forest management in central Europe is in the grip of radical change, which has taken on the character of a crisis. The main reasons for this crisis are a fall in profit and the many social altercations over the use of forest resources. The results of the crisis are manifest in the conflict-laden negotiations on the new formulation of the institutions in the forest sector in society,but also in a polymorphic identity crisis of foresters and managers and their sometimes frustrating search for ways and possibilities of running an enterprise faced with the tensions within society at large. In this paper we introduce a management concept (based on the St. Gallen management method),we diagnose the shortcomings of strategic and especially normative management of forest enterprises, and we advocate a professional management policy.

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Murphy, Enda, et Julien Mercille. « (Re)making labour markets and economic crises : The case of Ireland ». Economic and Labour Relations Review 30, n^o 1 (21 février 2019) : 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035304619829015.

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The 2008 economic crisis has had significant impacts on labour markets around the world. In Europe, in particular, the need for internal devaluation within European Union nations in financial difficulty precipitated a wave of labour market reforms alongside the reform of welfare systems struggling to cope with high levels of unemployment. Various analyses have explored the nature of these changes separately for the labour market and welfare systems. Using a conceptual framework rooted in a political economy understanding the social nature of labour, this article takes an inclusive approach to understanding regulatory changes for both employed and unemployed labour. We do this using the case of Ireland, a country that went through a severe economic crisis, was subject to a European Union/European Central Bank/International Monetary Fund bailout in 2010 and witnessed one of the most significant labour market crises in Europe. The Irish case is instructive because it highlights both the range and depth of regulatory interventions utilised by the state during periods of crisis to deal with the social nature of labour and its role under advanced capitalism. JEL codes: J01, J08, J48.

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Paetzmann, Karsten. « Bad assets options and bank resolution in Europe ». Journal of Risk Finance 16, n^o 5 (16 novembre 2015) : 486–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrf-06-2015-0058.

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Purpose – This paper analyzes the new EU Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (BRRD) to determine the level of guidance on instruments to wind-down bad asset portfolios of asset management vehicles. In the absence of such detailed guidance stipulated by the BRRD, the aim is to provide certain practical guidance to future resolution planning and execution. Design/methodology/approach – This paper draws upon experience from portfolio reduction strategies applied at European bad banks in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis. For illustration purposes, the paper use case study data from a bad bank located in the eurozone. Findings – For the new European Commission, implementation and enforcement of the Banking Union within the eurozone is currently a key priority. Present efforts are mainly directed towards minimum technical standards. However, the fundamental question of how to orderly unwind a bad assets portfolio without the usage of public funds remains partly addressed only. While a uniform approach to any bad asset does not seem to be applicable, certain lessons learned from previous financial crises may contribute to a selection of reduction strategies. Research limitations/implications – This paper draws upon experience from portfolio reduction strategies applied at European bad banks in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis. It includes case study data from the wind-down of a eurozone bad bank detailing the asset reduction strategies achieved so far. Such per asset class wind-down patterns have not been published and commented on in academia so far.

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Ongaro, Edoardo, Francesca Ferré et Giovanni Fattore. « The fiscal crisis in the health sector : Patterns of cutback management across Europe ». Health Policy 119, n^o 7 (juillet 2015) : 954–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2015.04.008.

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Priporas, Constantinos-Vasilios, Irene Kamenidou, Alexandros Kapoulas et Filomila Maria Papadopoulou. « Counterfeit purchase typologies during an economic crisis ». European Business Review 27, n^o 1 (12 janvier 2015) : 2–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebr-11-2013-0132.

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Purpose – This paper aims to explore, and attempts to explain, consumer perspectives on the purchasing of counterfeit brands. The economic crisis has become a global phenomenon, although in Europe it mostly affected the Mediterranean countries of Southern Europe. In times of economic stress, counterfeit products increase their market share. Design/methodology/approach – The study utilized an email-based open-ended questionnaire as its data collection method. The research used a sample of 83 participants belonging to Generation Y (younger and older) and upper-medium- and high-income class brackets. Findings – Purchasing behaviour of counterfeit products during the economic crisis enabled this study to identify four types of consumers. Furthermore, the results indicated that some consumers have significant interest in counterfeits, whereas some consumers show apathy or indifference towards counterfeiting. Furthermore, some consumers believe that the government’s economic austerity policies cause high-level consumption of counterfeits, whereas others consider the authorities to be responsible for counterfeiting, as they do not adequately tackle it. Research limitations/implications – This research is exploratory in nature and restricted to Greek Generation Y consumers. Suggestions are presented regarding future studies and generalization of the findings. Practical implications – Implementation of law, joint communication campaigns and social media usage are the major implications for the stakeholders in the marketplace. Originality/value – This study extends the body of knowledge of purchasing behaviour on non-deceptive counterfeit products by offering empirical findings from Greece, a country facing a severe economic crisis. This is the first study that explores counterfeit buying behaviour during an economic crisis period.

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