Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Counterfactual evaluation »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Counterfactual evaluation"
Markman, Keith D., Matthew N. McMullen, Ronald A. Elizaga et Nobuko Mizoguchi. « Counterfactual thinking and regulatory fit ». Judgment and Decision Making 1, no 2 (novembre 2006) : 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s193029750000231x.
Texte intégralBertolotti, Mauro, et Patrizia Catellani. « The Effects of Counterfactual Attacks on the Morality and Leadership of Different Professionals ». Social Psychology 49, no 3 (mai 2018) : 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000338.
Texte intégralHannikainen, Ivar. « Might-counterfactuals and the principle of conditional excluded middle ». Disputatio 4, no 30 (1 mai 2011) : 127–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/disp-2011-0003.
Texte intégralRylková, Žaneta, Karel Stelmach et Petr Vlček. « Overall Equipment Effectiveness within Counterfactual Impact Evaluation Concept ». Scientific Annals of Economics and Business 64, s1 (1 décembre 2017) : 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/saeb-2017-0037.
Texte intégralSchleich, Maximilian, Zixuan Geng, Yihong Zhang et Dan Suciu. « GeCo ». Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 14, no 9 (mai 2021) : 1681–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3461535.3461555.
Texte intégralWauters, Benedict, et Derek Beach. « Process tracing and congruence analysis to support theory-based impact evaluation ». Evaluation 24, no 3 (juillet 2018) : 284–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356389018786081.
Texte intégralClark-Moorman, Kyleigh, Jason Rydberg et Edmund F. McGarrell. « Impact Evaluation of a Parolee-Based Focused Deterrence Program on Community-Level Violence ». Criminal Justice Policy Review 30, no 9 (27 novembre 2018) : 1408–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403418812999.
Texte intégralCastaño, Javier, Maria Blanco et Pilar Martinez. « Reviewing Counterfactual Analyses to Assess Impacts of EU Rural Development Programmes : What Lessons Can Be Learned from the 2007–2013 Ex-Post Evaluations ? » Sustainability 11, no 4 (20 février 2019) : 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11041105.
Texte intégralZhang, Qiyuan, et Judith Covey. « Past and Future Implications of Near-Misses and Their Emotional Consequences ». Experimental Psychology 61, no 2 (1 octobre 2014) : 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000231.
Texte intégralSnider, Todd, et Adam Bjorndahl. « Informative counterfactuals ». Semantics and Linguistic Theory 25 (29 octobre 2015) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v25i0.3077.
Texte intégralThèses sur le sujet "Counterfactual evaluation"
Orri, Stefansson Hlynur. « Decision theory and counterfactual evaluation ». Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/984/.
Texte intégralSwaminathan, Adith. « Counterfactual Evaluation and Learning From Logged User Feedback ». Thesis, Cornell University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10258968.
Texte intégralInteractive systems that interact with and learn from user behavior are ubiquitous today. Machine learning algorithms are core components of such systems. In this thesis, we will study how we can re-use logged user behavior data to evaluate interactive systems and train their machine learned components in a principled way. The core message of the thesis is • Using simple techniques from causal inference, we can improve popular machine learning algorithms so that they interact reliably. • These improvements are effective and scalable, and complement current algorithmic and modeling advances in machine learning. • They open further avenues for research in Counterfactual Evaluation and Learning to ensure machine learned components interact reliably with users and with each other. This thesis explores two fundamental tasks—evaluation and training of interactive systems. Solving evaluation and training tasks using logged data is an exercise in counterfactual reasoning. So we will first review concepts from causal inference for counterfactual reasoning, assignment mechanisms, statistical estimation and learning theory. The thesis then contains two parts.
In the first part, we will study scenarios where unknown assignment mechanisms underlie the logged data we collect. These scenarios often arise in learning-to-rank and learning-to-recommend applications. We will view these applications through the lens of causal inference and modularize the problem of building a good ranking engine or recommender system into two components—first, infer a plausible assignment mechanism and second, reliably learn to rank or recommend assuming this mechanism was active when collecting data.
The second part of the thesis focuses on scenarios where we collect logged data from past interventions. We will formalize these scenarios as batch learning from logged contextual bandit feedback. We will first develop better off-policy estimators for evaluating online user-centric metrics in information retrieval applications. In subsequent chapters, we will study the bias-variance trade-off when learning from logged interventions. This study will yield new learning principles, algorithms and insights into the design of statistical estimators for counterfactual learning.
The thesis outlines a few principles, tools, datasets and software that hopefully prove to be useful to you as you build your interactive learning system.
GUCCIARDI, Gianluca. « Three Essays in Policy Impact Evaluation ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2487965.
Texte intégral1. Valutazione della decentralizzazione della sanità e del relativo impatto sulla mortalità infantile: evidenze dai Paesi dell’Unione Europea In questo lavoro, ci proponiamo di testare gli effetti della decentralizzazione del settore sanitario sulla mortalità infantile, come proxy della qualità della salute dei cittadini, adottando come unità di analisi 25 Paesi dell’Unione Europea tra il 1995 e il 2013. Inoltre, discutiamo l’endogeneità del modello dovuta a un possibile errore di misurazione della decentralizzazione del settore sanitario, quando è approssimato dalla sola decentralizzazione fiscale. I risultati suggeriscono che gli effetti positivi della decentralizzazione fiscale sulla salute dei cittadini si verificano in contesti istituzionali nei quali le autorità centrali hanno delegato poteri politici o manageriali e hanno reso le autorità locali direttamente responsabili in materia sanitaria. Al contrario, quando i requisiti istituzionali o manageriali sono assenti, la sola decentralizzazione fiscale non è una garanzia di miglioramento della salute dei cittadini. 2. La centralizzazione degli acquisti riduce la spesa pubblica? Evidenze dal Sistema Sanitario italiano L’introduzione delle Centrali Uniche di Committenza all’interno dei sistemi sanitari regionali in Italia durante la prima decade degli anni 2000 ha rappresentato una spinta verso la riduzione dei costi e la limitazione della spesa pubblica nel settore della sanità pubblica. Infatti, le Centrali di Committenza regionali che operano a beneficio delle ASL sono state introdotte per centralizzare gli acquisti di beni e servizi, con l'obiettivo di ridurre i prezzi e favorire la riduzione dei costi, soprattutto sfruttando le economie di scala e il maggiore potere contrattuale. In questo lavoro, esaminiamo questa ipotesi adottando un modello difference-in-difference per testare la relazione causale dell'introduzione di Centrali di Committenza regionali che operano all’interno dei sistemi di sanitari. I nostri risultati mostrano che la spesa totale pro capite si è ridotta di un intervallo tra il 3 e il 4%, in base alle specifiche del modello, nei contesti in cui le ASL si approvvigionano attraverso una Centrale di Committenza regionale. In particolare, questa riduzione è principalmente guidata dai servizi sanitari, mentre l'impatto sulle spese per l’acquisto di beni e di altri servizi non sanitari non è significativo. Inoltre, la riduzione della spesa ottenuta è ottenuta senza un significativo ridimensionamento dei servizi locali ai cittadini. 3. L’impatto del Budget Act 1974 sulla Spesa e sul Debito degli Stati Uniti d’America: un’analisi con controllo sintetico Il Budget Act 1974 segnò un punto di svolta nella storia fiscale degli Stati Uniti. Con questa legge, il Congresso ha fortemente affermato il proprio potere in materia di bilancio, diventando più indipendente dal Presidente nel suo sviluppo e fissando i livelli totali della spesa federale. I legislatori del tempo credevano che lo status quo secondo il quale il Congresso approvava il budget in modo frammentario limitasse la loro autorità di bilancio e avesse causato un aumento del deficit e della spesa. In questo lavoro, mostriamo in che modo la soluzione del Congresso – il Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act del 1974 (o più semplicemente il Budget Act) – sia riuscito a frenare la spesa e il debito. Più specificatamente, adottiamo un modello di controllo sintetico per interrogarci su cosa sarebbe successo senza l’introduzione del Budget Act 1974 e otteniamo che, dopo l’introduzione della legge, il rapporto tra debito pubblico e PIL e tra spesa pubblica e PIL sono entrambi aumentati, ma meno di quanto sarebbe accaduto senza la legge.
Faury, Louis. « Variance-sensitive confidence intervals for parametric and offline bandits ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021IPPAT046.
Texte intégralIn this dissertation we present recent contributions to the problem of optimization under bandit feedback through the design of variance-sensitive confidence intervals. We tackle two distincts topics: (1) the regret minimization task in Generalized Linear Bandits (GLBs), a broad class of non-linear parametric bandits and (2) the problem of off-line policy optimization under bandit feedback. For (1) we study the effects of non-linearity in GLBs and challenge the current understanding that a high level of non-linearity is detrimental to the exploration-exploitation trade-off. We introduce improved algorithms as well as a novel analysis that prove that if correctly handled, the regret minimization task in GLBs is not necessarily harder than for their linear counterparts. It can even be easier for some important members of the GLB family such as the Logistic Bandit. Our approach leverages a new confidence set which captures the non-linearity of the reward signal through its variance, along with a local treatment of the non-linearity through a so-called self-concordance analysis. For (2) we leverage results from the distributionally robust optimization framework to construct asymptotic variance-sensitive confidence intervals for the counterfactual evaluation of policies. This allows to ensure conservatism (sought out by risk-averse agents) while searching off-line for promising policies. Our confidence intervals lead to new counterfactual objectives which, contrary to their predecessors, are more suited for practical deployment thanks to their convex and composite natures
Cowell, Paul David. « Three essays in the economics of higher education ». Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/28037.
Texte intégralŠvarc, Michal. « Empirická analýza projektu : Stáže ve firmách ». Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192454.
Texte intégralŠpaček, Martin. « Mikroekonomické dopady strukturálních fondů v neziskovém sektoru ». Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162872.
Texte intégralGalope, Reynold V. « Public Financing of Risky Early-Stage Technology ». Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/pmap_diss/46.
Texte intégralCruz, Daniela Filipa Fonseca. « Counterfactual impact evaluation of vocational education in Portugal ». Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/11572.
Texte intégralThe Reform of the Portuguese education system, which took place in 2004, led to the introduction and rapid expansion of vocational education in public high schools. This thesis aims to assess the impacts of vocational education on students’ academic and labor market performance using a Counterfactual Impact Evaluation (CIE) approach. The dataset used in the analysis includes data for the academic years of 2008/2009, 2009/2010 and 2010/2011. For both methodological and data availability reasons, we restrict our analysis to Portuguese students without special educational needs, aged between 15 and 18 years old, who are enrolled in public high schools with tutelage of the Ministry of Education and Science, and that were enrolled in general education in the previous year (basic education). For this group of students, we find that being enrolled in vocational education has positive impacts in school performance (transition, graduation, and dropout rates) and in labor market performance (employment rate, average salary and average worked months per year). We also find that vocational education students have lower chances of proceeding to higher education. These results are robust to variations in the estimation method.
A reforma do sistema de ensino Português, que ocorreu em 2004, originou a introdução e rápida expansão do ensino profissional nas escolas secundárias públicas. Esta tese tem como objetivo avaliar os impactos da educação profissional no desempenho escolar e laboral dos alunos, utilizando a lógica de Avaliação Contrafactual de Impactos (CIE). A base de dados inclui informação dos anos letivos de 2008/2009, 2009/2010 e 2010/2011. Devido a questões metodológicas e de disponibilidade de dados restringimos a nossa análise a estudantes portugueses, sem necessidades educativas especiais, com idades entre os 15 e 18, que estão matriculados em escolas públicas sob tutela do Ministério da Educação e Ciência, e que frequentaram educação geral no ano anterior (ensino básico). Para este grupo de alunos concluímos que o ensino profissional apresenta impactos positivos no desempenho escolar (taxas de transição, de conclusão e desistência) e no desempenho laboral (taxa de emprego, salário médio e média de meses trabalhos por ano). Os nossos resultados também mostram que os estudantes do ensino profissional têm menor probabilidade de prosseguir para o ensino superior. Estes resultados são robustos face a variações do método de estimação.
DI, STEFANO ROBERTA. « Alternative approaches for counterfactual evaluation in the presence of a few units ». Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1553095.
Texte intégralLivres sur le sujet "Counterfactual evaluation"
Dvoulety, Ondrej. Reflection on the Usage of the Counterfactual Impact Evaluation Method to Quantify the Effects of Public Subsidies at Firm Level. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom : SAGE Publications Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529628913.
Texte intégralStalnaker, Robert C. Knowledge and Conditionals. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810346.001.0001.
Texte intégralBjorkman, Bronwyn M., et Claire Halpert. In an imperfect world : Deriving the typology of counterfactual marking. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198718208.003.0009.
Texte intégralSolstad, Torgrim, et Oliver Bott. Causality and Causal Reasoning in Natural Language. Sous la direction de Michael R. Waldmann. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399550.013.32.
Texte intégralYen, Wendy. Debiasing the hindsight bias : A review. 2005.
Trouver le texte intégralCrespo, Inés, Hadil Karawani et Frank Veltman. Expressing Expectations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739548.003.0009.
Texte intégralRoberts, John T. Laws of Nature. Sous la direction de Paul Humphreys. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199368815.013.20.
Texte intégralHunt, Luke William. Entrapment, Prerogative Power, and the Rule of Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190904999.003.0006.
Texte intégralPettit, Philip. The Birth of Ethics. Sous la direction de Kinch Hoekstra. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190904913.001.0001.
Texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Counterfactual evaluation"
Balke, Alexander, et Judea Pearl. « Probabilistic Evaluation of Counterfactual Queries ». Dans Probabilistic and Causal Inference, 237–54. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3501714.3501733.
Texte intégralPereira, Luís Moniz, Francisco C. Santos et António Barata Lopes. « AI Modelling of Counterfactual Thinking for Judicial Reasoning and Governance of Law ». Dans Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence and the Law, 263–79. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41264-6_14.
Texte intégralMartins, Pedro S. « Public Policy, Big Data, and Counterfactual Evaluation : An Illustration from an Employment Activation Programme ». Dans Data-Driven Policy Impact Evaluation, 149–63. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78461-8_10.
Texte intégralGuo, Ruocheng, Jundong Li et Huan Liu. « Counterfactual Evaluation of Treatment Assignment Functions with Networked Observational Data ». Dans Proceedings of the 2020 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining, 271–79. Philadelphia, PA : Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611976236.31.
Texte intégralZhang, Xuezhong, Libin Dai, Qingming Peng, Ruizhi Tang et Xinwei Li. « A Survey of Counterfactual Explanations : Definition, Evaluation, Algorithms, and Applications ». Dans Advances in Natural Computation, Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, 905–12. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20738-9_99.
Texte intégrald’Hombres, Beatrice, et Giulia Santangelo. « Use of Administrative Data for Counterfactual Impact Evaluation of Active Labour Market Policies in Europe : Country and Time Comparisons ». Dans Data-Driven Policy Impact Evaluation, 271–87. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78461-8_17.
Texte intégralJones, Kelly W., Allen Blackman et Rodrigo Arriagada. « Methods to Advance Understanding of Tenure Security : Impact Evaluation for Rigorous Evidence on Tenure Interventions ». Dans Land Tenure Security and Sustainable Development, 291–312. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81881-4_14.
Texte intégralBattistin, Erich, et Marco Bertoni. « Counterfactuals with Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Variation ». Dans Texts in Quantitative Political Analysis, 37–70. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12982-7_3.
Texte intégralAndrade, Yan, Nícollas Silva, Adriano Pereira, Elisa Tuler, Cleverson Vieira, Marcelo Guimarães, Diego Dias et Leonardo Rocha. « Integrating Counterfactual Evaluations into Traditional Interactive Recommendation Frameworks ». Dans Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2023, 635–47. Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36805-9_41.
Texte intégralHöllig, Jacqueline, Aniek F. Markus, Jef de Slegte et Prachi Bagave. « Semantic Meaningfulness : Evaluating Counterfactual Approaches for Real-World Plausibility and Feasibility ». Dans Communications in Computer and Information Science, 636–59. Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44067-0_32.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Counterfactual evaluation"
Yang, Xiaoyu, Stephen Obadinma, Huasha Zhao, Qiong Zhang, Stan Matwin et Xiaodan Zhu. « SemEval-2020 Task 5 : Counterfactual Recognition ». Dans Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Semantic Evaluation. Stroudsburg, PA, USA : International Committee for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.semeval-1.40.
Texte intégralPrado-Romero, Mario Alfonso, et Giovanni Stilo. « GRETEL : Graph Counterfactual Explanation Evaluation Framework ». Dans CIKM '22 : The 31st ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3511808.3557608.
Texte intégralCoston, Amanda, Alan Mishler, Edward H. Kennedy et Alexandra Chouldechova. « Counterfactual risk assessments, evaluation, and fairness ». Dans FAT* '20 : Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3351095.3372851.
Texte intégralKeane, Mark T., Eoin M. Kenny, Eoin Delaney et Barry Smyth. « If Only We Had Better Counterfactual Explanations : Five Key Deficits to Rectify in the Evaluation of Counterfactual XAI Techniques ». Dans Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California : International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/609.
Texte intégralSaito, Yuta, et Thorsten Joachims. « Counterfactual Evaluation and Learning for Interactive Systems ». Dans KDD '22 : The 28th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3534678.3542601.
Texte intégralYuan, Yining, Kevin McAreavey, Shujun Li et Weiru Liu. « Multi-Granular Evaluation of Diverse Counterfactual Explanations ». Dans 16th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0012349900003636.
Texte intégralFelicioni, Nicolò. « Enhancing Counterfactual Evaluation and Learning for Recommendation Systems ». Dans RecSys '22 : Sixteenth ACM Conference on Recommender Systems. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3523227.3547429.
Texte intégralMcInerney, James, Brian Brost, Praveen Chandar, Rishabh Mehrotra et Benjamin Carterette. « Counterfactual Evaluation of Slate Recommendations with Sequential Reward Interactions ». Dans KDD '20 : The 26th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3394486.3403229.
Texte intégralXie, Zhongbin, Vid Kocijan, Thomas Lukasiewicz et Oana-Maria Camburu. « Counter-GAP : Counterfactual Bias Evaluation through Gendered Ambiguous Pronouns ». Dans Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA : Association for Computational Linguistics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.eacl-main.272.
Texte intégralHuang, Po-Sen, Huan Zhang, Ray Jiang, Robert Stanforth, Johannes Welbl, Jack Rae, Vishal Maini, Dani Yogatama et Pushmeet Kohli. « Reducing Sentiment Bias in Language Models via Counterfactual Evaluation ». Dans Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics : EMNLP 2020. Stroudsburg, PA, USA : Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.findings-emnlp.7.
Texte intégralRapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Counterfactual evaluation"
Pais Mamede, Ricardo, Teresa Fernandes et Ana Alexandrino Silva. Counterfactual impact evaluation of EU funded enterprise support in Portugal. DINÂMIA'CET-IUL, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2015.05.
Texte intégralCumberbatch, Janice, Fabian Hinds, Leonardo Corral, Cassandra Rogers, Maja Schling, Naijun Zhou et Michele H. Lemay. The Impact of Coastal Infrastructure Improvements on Economic Growth : Evidence from Barbados. Inter-American Development Bank, octobre 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011763.
Texte intégralBukstein, Daniel, et Néstor Gandelman. Glass Ceiling in Research : Evidence from a National Program in Uruguay. Inter-American Development Bank, avril 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011792.
Texte intégralBonhomme, Stéphane, et Angela Denis. Estimating individual responses when tomorrow matters. Madrid : Banco de España, février 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/36092.
Texte intégralPeña-Torres, Julio, Kailin Kroetz, James N. Sanchirico et David Corderi. Evaluation of the Chilean Jack Mackerel ITQ System. Inter-American Development Bank, mars 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011723.
Texte intégralImpact Evaluation of the Business Development Program for the Software Industry in Uruguay. Inter-American Development Bank, septembre 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008978.
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