Articles de revues : « Cotton leaf curl virus »

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Briddon, R. W., et P. G. Markham. « Cotton leaf curl virus disease ». Virus Research 71, n^o 1-2 (novembre 2000) : 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1702(00)00195-7.

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Pan, Li-Long, Xi-Yun Cui, Qun-Fang Chen, Xiao-Wei Wang et Shu-Sheng Liu. « Cotton Leaf Curl Disease : Which Whitefly Is the Vector ? » Phytopathology® 108, n^o 10 (octobre 2018) : 1172–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-01-18-0015-r.

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Cotton leaf curl disease is one of the most significant constraints to the production of cotton. In the past decades our understanding of the begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae) causing the disease has improved, but little is known regarding transmission of these viruses by the different species of whiteflies in the Bemisia tabaci complex. We compared transmission efficiency of cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV), one of the major begomoviruses associated with cotton leaf curl disease, by four whitefly species, of which two are indigenous to Asia and two are invasive worldwide. Only the indigenous Asia II 1 species was able to transmit this virus with high efficiency. By quantifying the virus and using immunoflorescence assays, we found that the differential transmission was associated with the varying efficiency of CLCuMuV to cross the midgut of various whitefly species. Further, we verified the role of coat protein in the whitefly transmission of CLCuMuV. Based on a phylogenetic analysis of the virus coat proteins, we found that most begomoviruses associated with cotton leaf curl disease might share similar whitefly transmission characteristics. These findings advance our understanding of the nature of cotton leaf curl disease and provide information for the development of control and preventive strategies against this disease.

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Khan A, I., M. Hussain, S. Rauf et M. Khan T. « Inheritance of resistance to Cotton leaf curl virus in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) ». Plant Protection Science 43, No. 1 (7 janvier 2008) : 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2347-pps.

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Resistance to <i>Cotton leaf curl virus</i> (CLCuV) in three cultivars of cotton was investigated in crosses with a susceptible cultivar using generation mean analysis. No single gene of major effect controlled resistance to Cotton leaf curl virus in the three crosses. The mean number of effective factors controlling resistance in cross LRA-5166 × S-12 was estimated to be at least five. Estimates of broad and narrow sense heritability indicate that effects by the environment were larger than those of genetic components. Epistasis was significant in two crosses. Additive gene effects contributed more to resistance than to susceptibility in contrast with dominance gene effect. Reciprocal differences were detected in the cross with LRA-5166. Estimates of genetic gain ranged form low to moderate. Thus, a breeding method that makes use of additive variance should be used because much of the variances for resistance are additive, whereas dominance effects, at least in these crosses, tended to contribute to susceptibility.

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Akhter, Fizza, et Muhammad Tahir. « Cloning and Partial Characterization of Cotton Leaf Curl Burewala Virus From Khanewal ». NUST Journal of Natural Sciences 3, n^o 1 (7 février 2021) : 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.53992/njns.v3i1.24.

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Begomoviruses are a serious threat to cotton production throughout the world. In Pakistan, enormous crop losses occur as a result of cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) caused by begomoviruses. Molecular characterization of begomoviruses has made possible the identification and analysis of begomoviruses prevalent in a host plant. Infected cotton leaf sample (C-59) was obtained from area around Khanewal during 2011. The total DNA was isolated from the infected sample by Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method. An expected size band of approximately 1100bp, covering coat protein region of the virus, was amplified using universal primers. The amplified product was T/A cloned and sequenced to its entirety. DNA sequence showed 99% nucleotide sequence identity to each of Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus ((CLCuBuV; Accession No HF549Begomoviruses are a serious threat to cotton production throughout the world. In Pakistan, enormous crop losses occur as a result of cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) caused by begomoviruses. Molecular characterization of begomoviruses has made possible the identification and analysis of begomoviruses prevalent in a host plant. Infected cotton leaf sample (C-59) was obtained from area around Khanewal during 2011. The total DNA was isolated from the infected sample by Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method. An expected size band of approximately 1100bp, covering coat protein region of the virus, was amplified using universal primers. The amplified product was T/A cloned and sequenced to its entirety. DNA sequence showed 99% nucleotide sequence identity to each of Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus ((CLCuBuV; Accession No HF549184)) and Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus (CLCuKV; Accession No AJ002449)). Since CLCuBuV is a recombinant of CLCuKV and Cotton leaf curl Multan virus and the coat protein region of CLCuBuV was derived from CLCuKV that is most probable reason that the available sequence showed identity with CLCuBuV as well as CLCuKV. A complete characterization of full length virus will determine whether isolate C-59 is CLCuBuV or CLCuKV. Literature indicates that there is no existence of CLCuKV within the region and CLCuBuV is dominating within Indo-Pak184)) and Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus (CLCuKV; Accession No AJ002449)). Since CLCuBuV is a recombinant of CLCuKV and Cotton leaf curl Multan virus and the coat protein region of CLCuBuV was derived from CLCuKV that is most probable reason that the available sequence showed identity with CLCuBuV as well as CLCuKV. A complete characterization of full length virus will determine whether isolate C-59 is CLCuBuV or CLCuKV. Literature indicates that there is no existence of CLCuKV within the region and CLCuBuV is dominating within Indo-Pak

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Monga, Dilip. « Cotton leaf curl virus disease : an overview ». Agricultural Research Journal 53, n^o 4 (2016) : 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2395-146x.2016.00093.4.

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Saeed, Muhammad, Rob Briddon, Athanasios Dalakouras, Gabi Krczal et Michael Wassenegger. « Functional Analysis of Cotton Leaf Curl Kokhran Virus/Cotton Leaf Curl Multan Betasatellite RNA Silencing Suppressors ». Biology 4, n^o 4 (23 octobre 2015) : 697–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology4040697.

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Yasmin, S., N. I. Raja, S. Hameed et J. K. Brown. « First Association of Pedilanthus leaf curl virus, Papaya leaf curl virus, Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus, and Papaya leaf curl betasatellite with Symptomatic Chilli Pepper in Pakistan ». Plant Disease 101, n^o 12 (décembre 2017) : 2155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-17-0883-pdn.

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Hameed, U., M. Zia-Ur-Rehman, H. W. Herrmann, M. S. Haider et J. K. Brown. « First Report of Okra enation leaf curl virus and Associated Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite and Cotton leaf curl Multan alphasatellite Infecting Cotton in Pakistan : A New Member of the Cotton Leaf Curl Disease Complex ». Plant Disease 98, n^o 10 (octobre 2014) : 1447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-14-0345-pdn.

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Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important and widely cultivated crop in Pakistan, upon which many rely for economic security. Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) is caused by a complex comprising of more than eight species in the genus Begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) with associated betasatellite and alphasatellites. During 2011, characteristic symptoms of leaf curl disease were widespread (>40%), and the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) vector of the leaf curl complex was abundant in commercial cotton fields in Burewala, Pakistan. Symptoms included vein thickening, upward or downward leaf curling, and foliar enations. To test for the presence of a begomovirus(es), total DNA was extracted from 100 mg of symptomatic leaf tissues from five different plants (isolates CLCuDBur1 to 5) using the CTAB method (1). Total DNA extracts were used for rolling circle amplification (RCA) using TempliPhi DNA Amplification Kit (GE Healthcare). Of the five field isolates, the RCA product for only one, CLCuDBur3, digested with HindIII, produced an apparently full-length ~2.7 kb fragment, suggesting that CLCuD-Bur3 represented a distinct isolate. The 2.7-kb fragment was cloned into the plasmid vector pGEM-3Zf+ (Promega, Madison, WI). To test for the presence of associated alphasatellites and betasatellites, the PCR primers, AlphaF/R and BetaF/R (2), were used to amplify the putative 1.4-kbp molecules. The resultant 1.4-kb PCR products were ligated into the pGEMT-Easy vector and cloned. Cloned inserts for each were subjected to DNA sequencing, bidirectionally. The cloned monopartite, helper begomovirus genome (HF567945), one betasatellite (HF567946), and one alphasatellite (HF567947) sequences were determined and found to be 2,742, 1,358, and 1,376 bases long, respectively. Pairwise sequence comparisons were carried out for each using the 10 most closely related species or strains (identified in GenBank using BLASTn) using MEGA5 software. The CLCuDBur3 genome sequence shared its highest identity (99.6%) with Okra enation leaf curl virus (OELCuV) (KC019308), so CLCuDBur3 is a variant of OELCuV, a begomovirus reported previously from Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) (okra) plants in India. The betasatellite and alphasatellite shared their highest nt identity at 96 and 98.7% with Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB) (AM774311) and Cotton leaf curl Multan alphasatellite (CLCuMA), respectively (misnamed as CLCuBuA in GenBank) (FN658728). Additionally, the HindIII-digested RCA products were analyzed by Southern blot hybridization using a DIG-labeled DNA probe specific for the intergenic region of either Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus (CLCuBuV) or OELCuV. The OELCuV, but not the CLCuBuV, probe hybridized with HindIII digested RCA products (CLCuDBur3 genome), confirming the presence of OELCuV and the absence of CLCuBuV, the latter being the most prevalent begomovirus species infecting cotton in Pakistan. This is the first report of OELCuV infecting cotton plants in Pakistan, underscoring the discovery of yet another begomovirus member of the CLCuD complex. Further, the possible co-infection of cotton by OELCuV and other recognized species of the CLCuD complex could facilitate further diversification (potentially, through recombination) and lead to the emergence of new variants with the potential to cause damage to the cotton crop in Pakistan. References: (1) J. J. Doyle and J. L. Doyle. Focus. 12:13, 1990. (2) M. Zia-Ur-Rehman et al. Plant Dis. 97:1122, 2013.

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Akbar, Fazal, Rob W. Briddon, Franck Vazquez et Muhammad Saeed. « Transcript mapping of Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus and its cognate betasatellite, Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite ». Virology Journal 9, n^o 1 (2012) : 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422x-9-249.

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Cai, J. H., K. Xie, L. Lin, B. X. Qin, B. S. Chen, J. R. Meng et Y. L. Liu. « Cotton leaf curl Multan virus newly reported to be associated with cotton leaf curl disease in China ». Plant Pathology 59, n^o 4 (1 juillet 2010) : 794–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02266.x.

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Nadeem, A., T. Mehmood, M. Tahir, S. Khalid et Z. Xiong. « First Report of Papaya Leaf Curl Disease in Pakistan ». Plant Disease 81, n^o 11 (novembre 1997) : 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.11.1333b.

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Papaya plants with virus-disease-like symptoms were observed in back yards and commercial groves in Multan, Pakistan. Leaves of the diseased plants displayed downward curling and thickened, dark green veins. Leaf-like enations grew from the base of the diseased leaves. These symptoms are similar to those of cotton leaf curl disease. In addition, diseased papayas were stunted and distorted. Leaf extracts from 3 diseased and 2 healthy papayas were tested in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay against antibodies to geminiviruses. SCRI-52 and SCRI-60, two monoclonal antibodies to Indian cassava mosaic virus (2), reacted positively (more than 7× healthy background) with the diseased samples but not with the healthy ones. Total nucleic acids from the papaya samples were used as templates in polymerase chain reaction with primers F500 and R1800 (1), which are capable of amplifying a region of DNA A component of the whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses. A DNA fragment of approximately 1.4 kb was amplified from the nucleic acids of the diseased but not the healthy papayas. Under high stringency conditions (1), cloned DNA A fragments of both cotton leaf curl virus and cotton leaf crumple virus cross-hybridized with the amplified DNA fragment, but the hybridization signals were much weaker than those of the homologous hybridization. This is the first report of the papaya leaf curl disease in Pakistan. These data demonstrated that a geminivirus may be the causative agent of this papaya disease. We are currently determining the relationship between the geminivirus infecting papaya and cotton leaf curl virus. References: (1) A. Nadeem et al. Mol. Plant Pathol. (On-line: /1997/0612nadeem). (2) M. M. Swanson et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 211:285, 1992.

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Soomro, Abdul W., Nargis Shah, Abdullah Keerio, Aqeel A. Mahar et Khalilullah Soomro. « Influence of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) Disease on Yield and Economic Traits of Cotton ». Journal of Arable Crops and Marketing 1, n^o 1 (13 avril 2022) : 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/jacm.003.1.2.4167.

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Six cotton varieties were evaluated at the environmental condition of Sakrand to assess the CLCV disease incidence % and due to its effect reduction in yield and fiber traits. It was confirmed from the present research that cotton leaf curl virus (CLCV) disease incidence generally has adverse effects on cotton crop growth and development, seed cotton yield, and economic traits. The range of disease incidence % was noted from 19.5% (IUB-13) to 56.8% (CIM-602). Due to CLCV disease incidence up to 50% reduction was noted in plant height, bolls plant-1, boll weight, and seed cotton yield. However, fiber quality traits are less decreased as compared yield traits. Therefore, it is always necessary to recommend cotton leaf curl virus disease resistant/tolerant varieties for general cultivation to combat CLCV and also emphasize on proper control of whitefly, as it is a vector for transmitting CLCV disease from one plant to another. There present study was conducted to document Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) disease on yield and economic traits of cotton.

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Soomro, Abdul W., Nargis Shah, Abdullah Keerio, Aqeel A. Mahar et Khalilullah Soomro. « Influence of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) Disease on Yield and Economic Traits of Cotton ». Journal of Arable Crops and Marketing 1, n^o 1 (13 avril 2022) : 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/jacm.003.1.2.3190.

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Six cotton varieties were evaluated at the environmental condition of Sakrand to assess the CLCV disease incidence % and due to its effect reduction in yield and fiber traits. It was confirmed from the present research that cotton leaf curl virus (CLCV) disease incidence generally has adverse effects on cotton crop growth and development, seed cotton yield, and economic traits. The range of disease incidence % was noted from 19.5% (IUB-13) to 56.8% (CIM-602). Due to CLCV disease incidence up to 50% reduction was noted in plant height, bolls plant-1, boll weight, and seed cotton yield. However, fiber quality traits are less decreased as compared yield traits. Therefore, it is always necessary to recommend cotton leaf curl virus disease resistant/tolerant varieties for general cultivation to combat CLCV and also emphasize on proper control of whitefly, as it is a vector for transmitting CLCV disease from one plant to another. There present study was conducted to document Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) disease on yield and economic traits of cotton.

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Zaidi, Syed Shan-e.-Ali, Muhammad Shafiq, Imran Amin, Brian E. Scheffler, Jodi A. Scheffler, Rob W. Briddon et Shahid Mansoor. « Frequent Occurrence of Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus in Cotton Leaf Curl Disease Affected Cotton in Pakistan ». PLOS ONE 11, n^o 5 (23 mai 2016) : e0155520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155520.

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Kumar, Jitendra, Samatha Gunapati, Anshu Alok, Adarsh Lalit, Rekha Gadre, Naresh C. Sharma, Joy K. Roy et Sudhir P. Singh. « Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus with intact or mutant transcriptional activator proteins : complexity of cotton leaf curl disease ». Archives of Virology 160, n^o 5 (14 mars 2015) : 1219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-015-2384-4.

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., Muhammad Iqbal, Noor-ul-Islam ., Khezir Hayat . et Taj Muhammad . « Management of Cotton Crop Under High Cotton leaf curl virus Attack ». Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 6, n^o 7 (15 septembre 2007) : 1125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2007.1125.1130.

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Binyameen, Barkha, Zulqurnain Khan, Sultan Habibullah Khan, Aftab Ahmad, Nayla Munawar, Muhammad Salman Mubarik, Hasan Riaz et al. « Using Multiplexed CRISPR/Cas9 for Suppression of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, n^o 22 (21 novembre 2021) : 12543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212543.

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In recent decades, Pakistan has suffered a decline in cotton production due to several factors, including insect pests, cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD), and multiple abiotic stresses. CLCuD is a highly damaging plant disease that seriously limits cotton production in Pakistan. Recently, genome editing through CRISPR/Cas9 has revolutionized plant biology, especially to develop immunity in plants against viral diseases. Here we demonstrate multiplex CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing against CLCuD using transient transformation in N. benthamiana plants and cotton seedlings. The genomic sequences of cotton leaf curl viruses (CLCuVs) were obtained from NCBI and the guide RNA (gRNA) were designed to target three regions in the viral genome using CRISPR MultiTargeter. The gRNAs were cloned in pHSE401/pKSE401 containing Cas9 and confirmed through colony PCR, restriction analysis, and sequencing. Confirmed constructs were moved into Agrobacterium and subsequently used for transformation. Agroinfilteration in N. benthamiana revealed delayed symptoms (3–5 days) with improved resistance against CLCuD. In addition, viral titer was also low (20–40%) in infected plants co-infiltrated with Cas9-gRNA, compared to control plants (infected with virus only). Similar results were obtained in cotton seedlings. The results of transient expression in N. benthamiana and cotton seedlings demonstrate the potential of multiplex CRISPR/Cas to develop resistance against CLCuD. Five transgenic plants developed from three experiments showed resistance (60−70%) to CLCuV, out of which two were selected best during evaluation and screening. The technology will help breeding CLCuD-resistant cotton varieties for sustainable cotton production.

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G. R ., Panhwar, G. A. Panhwar, A. W. Soomro, M. R. Magsi . et A. B. Leghari . « Survey of Cotton Leaf CURL Virus (CLCV) in Sindh ». Journal of Biological Sciences 1, n^o 3 (15 février 2001) : 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2001.134.135.

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Ali, H., G. S. Hussain, S. Hussain, A. N. Shahzad, S. Ahmad, H. M. R. Javeed et N. Sarwar. « Early Sowing Reduces Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Occurrence and Improves Cotton Productivity ». Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 47, n^o 4 (31 janvier 2015) : 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cerce-2015-0006.

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Abstract Cotton productivity is severely hampering by various diseases and insect pests especially cotton leaf curl virus (CLCV) worldwide. Losses caused by CLCV are far more than any other factor affecting cotton productivity. Growing of early and resistant genotypes is of vital significance in alleviating the adversities of these pests in crop plants. The current field trial was conducted at Central Cotton Research Institute (CCRI) Multan, Pakistan, to investigate the role of varying sowing dates in managing the CLCV infestation on different elite cotton genotypes. The crop was sown on five different dates i.e. D1= 15th April, D2 = 1st May, D3 = 15th May, D4 = 1st June and D5 = 15th June and three different elite cotton genotypes, i.e. V1= CIM-612, V2 = CIM-591 and V3 = CIM-573 to optimize a suitable sowing date and to screen out high productive and tolerant genotype against the CLCV. Seeds were drilled manually on finely crafted seedbed by using single row hand drill keeping seeding density of 20 kg ha-1 and inter row spacing of 75cm. CLCV severely hampered the crop performance by delayed planting of cotton from 15th April, while increased the chances of disease incidence. It is concluded that early sowing of all tested genotypes especially CIM-592 reduces the problem of CLCV and enhanced cotton productivity.

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Biswas, Kajal Kumar, Utpal Kumar Bhattacharyya, Supratik Palchoudhury, Nenavath Balram, Anil Kumar, Rupesh Arora, Satish Kumar Sain et al. « Dominance of recombinant cotton leaf curl Multan-Rajasthan virus associated with cotton leaf curl disease outbreak in northwest India ». PLOS ONE 15, n^o 4 (22 avril 2020) : e0231886. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231886.

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Iqbal, Muhammad, Muhammad Ali Chang, Abid Mahmood, Mula Bux Khumber, Abdul Nasir et Mahmood-ul Hassan. « Inheritance of Response to Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV) Infection in Cotton ». Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 2, n^o 3 (15 janvier 2003) : 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2003.261.264.

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Kumar, Ashok. « Screening of elite Bt-cotton hybrids against cotton leaf curl virus disease ». Plant Disease Research 38, n^o 1 (2023) : 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-8788.2023.00013.6.

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Afzal, Muhammad Rizwan. « Gene Expression Evaluation of Multigenic Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) against Cotton Leaf Curl Virus ». International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 26, n^o 01 (1 juillet 2021) : 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1821.

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One of the most crucial threats limiting the sustainable production of cotton is cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD). There is dire need to produce a resistant variety that can combat CLCuD. For this purpose, virus resistant transgenic cotton plants (MNH-786) with C4 gene construct at T3 generation were selected and sown. Young fresh leaves of multigenic variety of MNH-786 were collected to confirm the transformed construct. Infected whiteflies were used for spreading on transgenic cotton MNH-786 variety with C4 construct to check percentage of infection. Whiteflies were collected from infected cotton plants showing CLCuD and reared in lab to increase the population of whiteflies. After 15 days of feeding, infected leaves of transgenic plants were collected and total DNA of infected leaves of transgenic cotton plant with virus load was extracted. At maturity, data of morphological characteristic was taken from the transgenic cotton plants of MNH-786 and control plants. Resistant transgenic cotton plants showed < 0.5% disease index and recorded more plant height in field condition. Total number of bolls per plant was 20% more in tolerant plants and 40% more in resistant plants as compared to susceptible plants. Molecular analysis of transgenic plants showed clear evidence that expression of construct 4 virus resistant gene against begomoviruses in resistant and tolerant group of transgenic plants was more as compared to susceptible group and control. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

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Hasan, Irum, Sumaira Rasul, Tassawar Hussain Malik, Muhammad Kamran Qureshi, Kashif Aslam, Ghulam Shabir, Habib-ur-Rehman Athar et Hamid Manzoor. « Present status of cotton leaf curl virus disease (CLCUVD) : a major threat to cotton production ». International Journal of Cotton Research and Technology 1, n^o 1 (15 décembre 2019) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33865/ijcrt.001.01.0240.

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Cotton is a major cash crop cultivated throughout the world for fiber, feed, fuel and food. Globally, it ranked 1st for fiber and 2nd among the oilseed crops. It is cultivated in around 60 countries of the world with an approximate production of 119.8 million bales annually. During its life cycle, cotton is exposed to about 75 destructive diseases from sowing till harvesting. These stresses are responsible for about 50% yield losses annually with a worth of $ 50 billion in the world. Among them, Cotton leaf curl virus disease (CLCuVD) is one of the significant factors responsible for yield reduction worldwide. This disease is caused by cotton leaf cur virus which is mainly acquired and transmitted by the vector Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). This virus belongs to the family Geminiviridae and genus Begomovirus. Geminiviruses consist of small circular, single stranded DNA encapsidated in a twinned icosahedral pattern. These are either monopartite or bipartite. Bipartite begomoviruses are composed of circular single stranded DNA-A and DNA-B, both these components are essential for the infection in New World while some bipartite begomoviruses are also present in Old World, but differences are still present. Monopartite begomoviruses are composed of circular single stranded DNA-A and satellite molecules (DNA α-satellite and β-satellite), these are essential components for the severity of disease in the Old World. Efforts are underway to develop new strategies to protect the cotton plants against CLCuVD and its viral causal agents. This review helps the reader to better understand the biology of Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV), its behavior/interaction with the host Whitefly as well as recent developments being made for the control of cotton leaf curl disease.

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Mansoor, S., S. Mukhtar, M. Hussain, I. Amin, Y. Zafar, K. A. Malik et P. G. Markham. « Widespread Occurrence of Cotton leaf curl virus on Radish in Pakistan ». Plant Disease 84, n^o 7 (juillet 2000) : 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.7.809b.

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The current epidemic of cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) in Pakistan started in 1988 with the natural host range limited to a few plant species in the family Malvaceae. However, we have observed expansion in the host range of the virus, and several non-Malvaceous plants were found to be infected with the virus. Characteristic symptoms of CLCuD such as leaf curl and enations have been observed on radish plants, primarily in kitchen gardens. However, in 1999, levels of infection of 10 to 90% were observed both in commercial fields and kitchen gardens in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Both symptomatic and nonsymptomatic samples were collected from five different locations. Total DNA was isolated, dot-blotted on nylon membrane, and a full-length clone corresponding to DNA A of cotton leaf curl virus was labeled with 32P dCTP and used as a probe for the detection of a begomovirus. Strong signals were observed in symptomatic plants while no signals were observed in nonsymptomatic plants. Infection with a begomovirus was further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using degenerate primers for DNA A (1). Primers specific for the two distinct begomoviruses associated with CLCuD were also used in PCR reactions (2), and products of the expected size were obtained from all symptomatic samples, confirming infection with begomoviruses similar to those associated with CLCuD. A full-length probe of a nanovirus-like molecule associated with cotton leaf disease (3), called DNA 1 was labeled with 32P dCTP and detected the virus only in symptomatic plants. Similarly, primers specific for DNA 1 (3) amplified a product of expected size when used in PCR. On the basis of symptomatology and the detection of specific viral components associated with the disease, we confirmed that radish plants are infected with Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV). Since radish is a short duration crop, infection of CLCuV in radish may not serve as a direct source of infection for the next cotton crop. However, it is a potential threat to tomato crops which overlap with radish in the Punjab province. The detection of CLCuD in radish is another example of the mobilization of begomoviruses to previously unknown hosts. References: (1) M. R. Rojas et al. Plant Dis. 77:340, 1993. (2) S. Mansoor et al. Pak. J. Bot. 31:115, 1999. (3) Mansoor et al. Virology 259:190, 1999.

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Khan, Muhammad Fahad, Ummad Ud Din Umar, Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei et Muhammad Junaid Rao. « Elicitor-Driven Defense Mechanisms : Shielding Cotton Plants against the Onslaught of Cotton Leaf Curl Multan Virus (CLCuMuV) Disease ». Metabolites 13, n^o 11 (12 novembre 2023) : 1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13111148.

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Salicylic acid (SA), benzothiadiazole (BTH), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) are potential elicitors found in plants, playing a crucial role against various biotic and abiotic stresses. The systemic acquired resistance (SAR) mechanism was evaluated in cotton plants for the suppression of Cotton leaf curl Multan Virus (CLCuMuV) by the exogenous application of different elicitors. Seven different treatments of SA, MeJA, and BTH were applied exogenously at different concentrations and combinations. In response to elicitors treatment, enzymatic activities such as SOD, POD, CAT, PPO, PAL, β–1,3 glucanse, and chitinase as biochemical markers for resistance were determined from virus-inoculated and uninoculated cotton plants of susceptible and tolerant varieties, respectively. CLCuMuV was inoculated on cotton plants by whitefly (Bemesia tabaci biotype Asia II-1) and detected by PCR using specific primers for the coat protein region and the Cotton leaf curl betasatellite (CLCuMuBV)-associated component of CLCuMuV. The development of disease symptoms was observed and recorded on treated and control plants. The results revealed that BTH applied at a concentration of 1.1 mM appeared to be the most effective treatment for suppressing CLCuMuV disease in both varieties. The enzymatic activities in both varieties were not significantly different, and the disease was almost equally suppressed in BTH-treated cotton plants following virus inoculation. The beta satellite and coat protein regions of CLCuMuV were not detected by PCR in the cotton plants treated with BTH at either concentration. Among all elicitors, 1.1 mM BTH was proven to be the best option for inducing resistance after the onset of CLCuMuV infection and hence it could be part of the integrated disease management program against Cotton leaf curl virus.

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Abbas, Raees, Babar Shahbaz, Nadeem Abbas Shah, Nowshad Khan, Ejaz Ashraf et Badar Naseem Siddiqui. « Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Disease in District Jhang Punjab Pakistan ». Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & ; Sociology 28, n^o 1 (7 novembre 2018) : 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2018/13939.

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Arif, Muhammad, Wenzhong Lin, Lihuang Lin, Waqar Islam, Zhang Jie, Zifu He, Zhenguo Du et Zujian Wu. « Cotton leaf curl Multan virus infecting Hibiscus sabdariffa in China ». Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 40, n^o 1 (17 novembre 2017) : 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07060661.2017.1389770.

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Saeed, Muhammad, Song Xianliang, Sun Xuezhen et Muhammad Riaz. « Leaf cuticular wax content is involved in cotton leaf curl virus disease resistance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) ». Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 16, n^o 4 (8 janvier 2019) : e0705. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2018164-13085.

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Cotton leaf curl virus disease (CLCuVD) limits cotton production in many cotton growing countries of the world, including Pakistan. In the past, efforts were made to combat this disease by different approaches. Cuticular wax is reported to confer resistance to plants against various biotic and abiotic stresses. Present study was designed to assess the role of cuticular wax content (WC) to resist CLCuVD infestation. The WC of 42 cotton genotypes, originating from various countries (Pakistan, USA, China, etc.), was quantified during two culture periods (2015 & 2016). Cotton germplasm was also scored for % disease index (%DI), seed cotton yield (SCY), number of bolls/plant (NB), and plant height (PHt) for the same culture periods. Significant negative correlation between WC and %DI was found during the two years of experimentation. WC was found positively correlated with SCY and NB. Six cotton genotypes (A-7233, B-557, A-162, BLANCO-3363, CIM-473, and SLH-2010-11) did not show any signs of CLCuVD infestation during both 2015 and 2016. These cotton genotypes contained relatively higher WC. The results from analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated that there were significant differences among genotypes for %DI, WC, SCY, NB, and PHt. These results indicated that WC was involved in resisting CLCuVD and it also had positive effect on plant growth and yield potential. On the basis of these findings, it was concluded that cuticular wax could be used as an indirect criterion for distinguishing and selecting resistant/susceptible cotton genotypes.

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Idris, A. M., et J. K. Brown. « Identification of a New, Monopartite Begomovirus Associated with Leaf Curl Disease of Cotton in Gezira, Sudan ». Plant Disease 84, n^o 7 (juillet 2000) : 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.7.809c.

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Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) was first reported in Sudan in 1931. Disease symptoms in cotton were characterized by vein thickening and leaf curling, and the suspect causal agent was shown to be transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) among cotton, okra, and several weed species (2). Although begomovirus etiology was suspected based on symptomatology and vector transmission, no evidence was available that confirmed or disputed this hypothesis. During 1994 to 1996, four cotton samples exhibiting typical CLCuD symptoms were collected from different fields in the Gezira region in Central Sudan and examined for presence of begomovirus DNA. Total nucleic acids were isolated from cotton plants and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using degenerate primers (pAV 2644 and pAC 1154) to amplify begomovirus coat protein (Cp) gene and its flanking sequences (1). An amplicon of the expected size (1,300 bp) was obtained by PCR from each sample, and their nucleotide (nt) sequences were determined. Virus-specific primers designed around the Cp sequence were used to amplify an apparent full-length DNA component. Amplicons were cloned and their sequences were determined, yielding a begomoviral component of approximately 2,761 nt (AF260241). Despite exhaustive attempts to amplify a putative viral B-component using degenerate primers based on the intergenic region sequence of the putative “A-component,” or sequences that are highly conserved for other begomoviruses, no B component was detected. The four cotton isolates shared 99.9 to 100% nt sequence identity, and the number and arrangement of predicted open reading frames were similar to those known for other monopartite begomoviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the putative CLCuV genome with other begomoviruses indicated that its closest relative was Althea rosea enation virus (AREV) from Egypt (AF014881) with which it shares 79% sequence identity, indicating that CLCuV is a unique begomovirus species with a probable origin in the Eastern Hemisphere. CLCuV shared 66% identity with its second closest relative, Cotton leaf curl virus-Pakistan (CLCuV-PK) (AJ002448). These data provide the first direct evidence for the association of a monopartite begomovirus with the leaf curl disease of cotton in Gezira, Sudan, that is distinct from all other begomoviral species described to date. Herein, we provisionally designate this unique begomoviral species as Cotton leaf curl virus from Sudan (CLCuV-SD). References: (1) A. M. Idris and J. K. Brown. Phytopathology 88:648, 1998. (2) A. M. Nour and J. J. Nour. Emp. Cott. Gr. Rev. 41:27, 1964.

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Ullah, Rahim, Khalid Pervaiz Akhtar, Peter Moffett, Tawaf Ali Shah, Manzoor Hussain, Muhammad Kashif Riaz Khan, Shahid Mansoor et Muhammad Saeed. « Analysis of the resistance of Gossypium herbaceum to cotton leaf curl kokhran virus strain burewala and cotton leaf curl multan betasatellite ». Journal of Plant Pathology 100, n^o 2 (22 mai 2018) : 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42161-018-0066-2.

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Iqbal, Rana Faisal, Mubasher Ali, Jamil Shafi, Waqas Ahmad, Muhammad Atiq, Muhammad Mohsin et Muhammad Shahid. « Agronomic Performance of Transgenic and Non Trangenic Cotton against Cotton Leaf Curl Virus ». Bioengineering and Bioscience 1, n^o 3 (décembre 2013) : 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/bb.2013.010303.

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Akhtar, Khalid P., M. Hussain, A. I. Khan et M. S. I. Khan. « Screening of Cotton Mutants for the Resistance Against Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV) ». Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 3, n^o 1 (15 décembre 1999) : 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2000.91.94.

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Sohrab, Sayed Sartaj, Mohammad A. Kamal, Abdul Ilah, Azamal Husen, P. S. Bhattacharya et D. Rana. « Development of Cotton leaf curl virus resistant transgenic cotton using antisense ßC1 gene ». Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 23, n^o 3 (mai 2016) : 358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.11.013.

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Ullah, Ihsan, Muhammad Nawaz, Nabila Akram, Muhammad Younas, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal et Huma Lubna Shaheen. « Phylogenetic Analysis of First Generation Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV) Resistant Cotton Varieties ». Biotechnology & ; Biotechnological Equipment 25, n^o 4 (janvier 2011) : 2610–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5504/bbeq.2011.0073.

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Fantaye, Abayneh Kebede. « Modelling and Stability Analysis of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV) Transmission Dynamics in Cotton Plant ». Journal of Applied Mathematics 2022 (16 août 2022) : 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6988197.

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In this paper, the transmission dynamics of cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) disease in cotton plants was proposed and investigated qualitatively using the stability theory of a nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Cotton and vector populations were both taken into account in the models. Cotton population was categorized as susceptible (A) and infected (B). The vector population was also categorized as susceptible (C) and infected (D). We established that all model solutions are positive and bounded by relevant initial conditions. The existence of unique CLCuV free and endemic equilibrium points, as well as the basic reproduction number, which is computed using the next generation matrix approach, are investigated. The conditions for the local and global asymptotic stability of these equilibrium points are then established. When the basic reproduction number is less than one, the system has locally and globally asymptotically stable CLCuV free equilibrium point, but when the basic reproduction number is more than one, the system has locally and globally asymptotically stable endemic equilibrium point. The numerical simulation findings show that lowering the infection rate of cotton vectors has a significant impact on controlling cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) in the time frame given.

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Ahmad, Aftab, Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman, Usman Hameed, Abdul Qayyum Rao, Ammara Ahad, Aneela Yasmeen, Faheem Akram et al. « Engineered Disease Resistance in Cotton Using RNA-Interference to Knock down Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus-Burewala and Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite Expression ». Viruses 9, n^o 9 (14 septembre 2017) : 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v9090257.

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Mansoor, S., L. Amrao, I. Amin, R. W. Briddon, K. A. Malik et Y. Zafar. « First Report of Cotton Leaf Curl Disease in Central and Southern Sindh Province in Pakistan ». Plant Disease 90, n^o 6 (juin 2006) : 826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0826a.

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Cotton leaf curl is a devastating disease of cotton that has resulted in severe losses (estimated at more than US$87 million per annum) in Pakistan. The epidemic is centered in Punjab, the province that contributes approximately 80% of Pakistan's cotton. Previously, the disease had been observed sporadically on single plants in the northern Sindh Province but did not cause economically significant damage. During the years 2004 and 2005, a high incidence (approximately 20%) of the disease was observed in Shahdadpur and parts of District Sanghar, located in central Sindh Province. The disease was also observed at low incidence (<1%) in southern Sindh. To confirm the identity of the causal agent of the disease, 18 samples from three districts in central southern Sindh (Sanghar, Hala, and Hyderabad) were collected, and total DNA was extracted using cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (2). Universal primers for begomoviruses based on conserved sequences as follows were used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR): BegomoF (5′-CCGTGCTGCTGCCCCCATTGTCCGCGTCAC-3′) and BegomoR (5′-CTGCCACAACCATGGATTCACGCACAGGG-3′). Universal primers for amplification of DNA β with PCR were also used (1). A full-length clone of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMV) was labeled with alpha-32PdCTP by the oligo-labeling method and used as a probe in Southern hybridization for the detection of geminivirus DNA forms (2). Similarly, cotton leaf curl disease associated DNA β was also labeled and used as a probe in Southern hybridization. The use of universal primers for begomoviruses resulted in amplification of viral DNA of the expected size from all samples while no PCR product was obtained from healthy plants. PCR results confirmed that all plants were infected with begomoviruses. Southern hybridization with CLCuMV and DNA β probes detected begomovirus DNA forms associated with virus replication when washed at medium stringency, further confirming that the plants were infected with the cotton leaf curl geminivirus complex (2). Our results indicate that cotton leaf curl complex has become established in central and southern districts of Sindh Province and it poses a major threat to cotton grown in the region. References: (1) R. W. Briddon et al. Mol. Biotechnol. 20:315, 2002. (2). S. Mansoor et al. Arch. Virol. 148:1969, 2003.

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Ashraf, Muhammad Aleem, Judith K. Brown, Muhammad Shahzad Iqbal et Naitong Yu. « Genome-Wide Identification of Cotton MicroRNAs Predicted for Targeting Cotton Leaf Curl Kokhran Virus-Lucknow ». Microbiology Research 15, n^o 1 (19 décembre 2023) : 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microbiolres15010001.

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Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus (CLCuKoV) (genus, Begomovirus; family, Geminiviridae) is one of several plant virus pathogens of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) that cause cotton leaf curl disease in Pakistan. Begomoviruses are transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci cryptic species group and cause economic losses in cotton and other crops worldwide. The CLCuKoV strain, referred to as CLCuKoV-Bur, emerged in the vicinity of Burewala, Pakistan, and was the primary causal virus associated with the second CLCuD epidemic in Pakistan. The monopartite ssDNA genome of (2.7 Kb) contains six open reading frames that encode four predicted proteins. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated antiviral immunity is a sequence-specific biological process in plants and animals that has evolved to combat virus infection. The objective of this study was to design cotton locus-derived microRNA (ghr-miRNA) molecules to target strains of CLCuKoV, with CLCuKoV-Lu, as a typical CLCuD-begomovirus genome, predicted by four algorithms, miRanda, RNA22, psRNATarget, and RNA hybrid. Mature ghr-miRNA sequences (n = 80) from upland cotton (2n = 4x = 52) were selected from miRBase and aligned with available CLCuKoV-Lu genome sequences. Among the 80 cotton locus-derived ghr-miRNAs analyzed, ghr-miR2950 was identified as the most optimal, effective ghr-miRNA for targeting the CLCuKoV-Lu genome (nucleotide 82 onward), respectively, based on stringent criteria. The miRNA targeting relies on the base pairing of miRNA–mRNA targets. Conservation and potential base pairing of binding sites with the ghr-miR2950 were validated by multiple sequence alignment with all available CLCuKoV sequences. A regulatory interaction network was constructed to evaluate potential miRNA–mRNA interactions with the predicted targets. The efficacy of miRNA targeting of CLCuKoV was evaluated in silico by RNAi-mediated mRNA cleavage. This predicted targets for the development of CLCuD-resistant cotton plants.

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Sattar, M. Naeem, Anders Kvarnheden, Muhammad Saeed et Rob W. Briddon. « Cotton leaf curl disease – an emerging threat to cotton production worldwide ». Journal of General Virology 94, n^o 4 (1 avril 2013) : 695–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.049627-0.

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Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) is a serious disease of cotton which has characteristic symptoms, the most unusual of which is the formation of leaf-like enations on the undersides of leaves. The disease is caused by whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses (family Geminiviridae, genus Begomovirus) in association with specific, symptom-modulating satellites (betasatellites) and an evolutionarily distinct group of satellite-like molecules known as alphasatellites. CLCuD occurs across Africa as well as in Pakistan and north-western India. Over the past 25 years, Pakistan and India have experienced two epidemics of the disease, the most recent of which involved a virus and satellite that are resistance breaking. Loss of this conventional host–plant resistance, which saved the cotton growers from ruin in the late 1990s, leaves farmers with only relatively poor host plant tolerance to counter the extensive losses the disease causes. There has always been the fear that CLCuD could spread from the relatively limited geographical range it encompasses at present to other cotton-growing areas of the world where, although the disease is not present, the environmental conditions are suitable for its establishment and the whitefly vector occurs. Unfortunately recent events have shown this fear to be well founded, with CLCuD making its first appearance in China. Here, we outline recent advances made in understanding the molecular biology of the components of the disease complex, their interactions with host plants, as well as efforts being made to control CLCuD.

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Ashraf, Farzana, Khezir Hayat, Muhammad Akbar, Muhammad Idrees Khan, Khadim Hussain, Hafiz Muhammad Imran, Muhammad Ilyas Sarwar et al. « CYTO-124 : A REMARKABLE VARIETY EVOLVED AGAINST COTTON LEAF CURL VIRUS DISEASE THROUGH INTROGRESSION ». Pakistan Journal of Biotechnology 20, n^o 01 (27 mai 2023) : 110–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.34016/pjbt.2023.20.01.799.

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Central Cotton Research Institute (CCRI), Multan, Pakistan has evolved an upland cotton cultivar “Cyto-124” through introgression for Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV) resistance. It was developed through crossing [{2(G. hir. x G. ano.) X 3G. hir.} x {2(G. arbo. x G. ano.) x 2G. hir. It was tested for seed cotton yield in varietal trials, and zonal varietal trials at Govt. and farmer fields. Cyto-124 gave 37.1, 19.9 and 22.4% higher yield as compared to three standards MNH-786, CIM-554 and CRSM-38 respectively in varietal trials whileCyto-124 had seed cotton yield of 3075 kg ha-1 in-contrast to 2919 kg ha-1 of CIM-573 in zonal trials. Cyto-124 produced more seedcotton yield (SCY) than the standards for two consecutive years (2013 & 2014) in National Coordinated Varietal Trial (NCVT). In NCVT during 2013-14, this strain had a maximum yield of 2244 kg ha-1 compared with 1326 kg ha-1 of standard variety CIM-573 in Punjab. The virus data taken in NCVT indicated that minimum disease incidence (27.9%) was recorded in Cyto-124 making it the more tolerant strain against CLCuV. The approval of this CLCuV resistant cultivar will considerably contribute a lot in the revival of cotton.

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Khan, Sehrish, Muhammad Mahmood, Sajjad Rahman, Farzana Rizvi et Aftab Ahmad. « Evaluation of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for the development of resistance against Cotton leaf curl virus in model plants ». Plant Protection Science 56, No. 3 (11 juin 2020) : 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/105/2019-pps.

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Over the last decade, the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) CRISPR/Cas9 system has been used by biologists in various fields. In plant biology, the technology is being utilised to manufacture transgenic plants resistant to different diseases. In Pakistan, the Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) (a begomovirus) affects cotton plants causing significant loss to the economy of this agriculturally based country. In the present study, we use the CRISPR/Cas9 system in Nicotiana benthamiana Domin (a model plant) to develop resistance against CLCuV. An interesting facet of the study was the comparison of two constructs (pHSE401 and pKSE401) with regards to their efficacy in the virus inhibition. The pKSE401 vector contained a Cas9 nuclease and two guide RNAs (gRNAs), one targeting the Replication associated protein (Rep) gene and the other targeted the βC1 gene of the Betasatellite. The vector pHSE401 had only one sgRNA that targeted the (Rep) gene. Both genes that are intended to be targeted play important roles in the replication of CLCuV. Plants infiltrated with pKSE401 exhibited a delay in the development of the symptoms of the disease and showed lower virus titres. Our proposed multiplexing approach gave efficient results of the resistance in the model plants, and the results in this communication may be extended to the CRISPR/Cas9 based editing of cotton plants.

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Chen, Ting, Qamar Saeed, Zifu He et Lihua Lu. « Transmission efficiency of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus by three cryptic species of Bemisia tabaci complex in cotton cultivars ». PeerJ 7 (1 octobre 2019) : e7788. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7788.

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Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV) is a serious and economically important viral disease agent in cotton and ornamental plants like Hibiscus in many regions of the world, especially in South Asia. CLCuMuV is transmitted exclusively by Bemisia tabaci cryptic species complex. This virus was recently recorded in southern China, presumably an invasion from South Asia. This study was performed to estimate the efficiency of three species of the B. tabaci whitefly complex (tentatively named as MEAM1, MED and Asia II 7, respectively) to transmit CLCuMuV and Cotton leaf curl multan virus betasatelite (CLCuMuB). Transmission assays and real-time quantitative PCR were conducted using three cultivars of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, including 112-2, Xinhai-21 and Zhongmian-40. The results indicated that Asia II 7 was able to transmit the virus to two of the cotton cultivars, i.e. 112-2 and Xinhai-21, with the highest transmission efficiencies of 40% and 30%, respectively, but was unable to transmit the virus to the cotton cultivar Zhongmian-40. MEAM1 and MED failed to transmit CLCuMuV and CLCuMuB to any of the three cotton cultivars. After the three cryptic species of whiteflies had fed on virus-infected cotton plants for 48 h, the relative quantity of CLCuMuV in Asia II 7 was detected to be significantly higher than that in both MEAM1 and MED (P < 0.05). These results indicate that among the three species of whiteflies Asia II 7 is likely the most efficient vector for CLCuMuV and CLCuMuB in Malvaceae crops in China. Our findings provide valuable information to the control of viral diseases caused by CLCuMuV in the field.

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Chakrabarty, P. K., Pradeep Kumar, B. B. Kalbande, R. L. Chavhan, V. Koundal, D. Monga, H. R. Pappu, Anirban Roy et Bikash Mandal. « Recombinant variants of cotton leaf curl Multan virus is associated with the breakdown of leaf curl resistance in cotton in northwestern India ». VirusDisease 31, n^o 1 (8 février 2020) : 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13337-020-00568-0.

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Khan, A. J., S. Akhtar, A. A. Al-Shihi, F. M. Al-Hinai et R. W. Briddon. « Identification of Cotton leaf curl Gezira virus in Papaya in Oman ». Plant Disease 96, n^o 11 (novembre 2012) : 1704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-12-0438-pdn.

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Papaya is an important fruit crop in Oman covering some 130 ha with an annual production of 20 tonnes. In 2011, during surveys of farms in the Quriyat region of Oman, papaya plants were found severely affected by leaf curl disease. Leaves with severe curling, vein darkening, and vein thickening were collected for study. Disease incidence ranged from 30 to 50%, particularly in fields with young papaya. A begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) was suspected as the causal agent based on symptoms (1) and the presence of whiteflies in the field. Samples (four to five) were collected from three farms. Total nucleic acids extracted from symptomatic leaves using the CTAB method were used as templates to amplify circular DNAs using Φ29 DNA polymerase and products were digested with restriction enzymes to identify fragments of 2.6 to 2.8 kb typical of geminiviruses. PstI yielded a fragment of ~1.8 kb when the digested product was analyzed by electrophoresis on a 1% agarose gel. The fragment was cloned and sequenced using primer walking strategy in both directions. The sequencing confirmed the exact size (1,764 bp) and the sequence was deposited in GenBank (HE800524). The viral sequence from Oman (isolate Pap-2) showed four open reading frames (ORFs) in the complementary sense (replication associated protein [Rep] gene, the C2 gene, the replication enhancer protein [REn] gene, and the C4 gene) and the virion-sense ORFs (V1 and V2) were missing in the sequence. An initial comparison to NCBI database sequences using BLAST showed the clone from Oman had the highest level of sequence identity to Cotton leaf curl Gezira virus (CLCuGeV) (FJ868828) cloned from okra in Sudan. Subsequent pair wise sequence comparison was done using ClustalV algorithm. Full length sequences of CLCuGeV from database were trimmed according to the size and genomic coordinates of Pap-2 isolate. The Pap-2 isolate sequence was found to have 83.3 to 95.1% sequence identity to CLCuGeV sequences with maximum value to the Sudan isolate. Amino acid sequence comparison showed that the four predicted proteins (Rep, C2, REn, and C4) encoded by the Pap-2 isolate shared 95.3%, 97.8%, 97.7%, and 87.6% sequence identity, respectively, with the homologous proteins of CLCuGeV-SD (FJ868828). The absence of virion-sense protein sequences indicated it to be a subgenomic molecule of CLCuGeV. According to the recommendations of International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, these results indicate that the virus identified in association with papaya leaf curl disease in Oman is a variant of CLCuGeV. CLCuGeV is a begomovirus of African origin which is distinct from the begomoviruses of the Middle East and Asia. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CLCuGeV, or any other cotton infecting begomovirus, from papaya in Oman. The presence of a recombinant fragment of CLCuGeV in a Tomato yellow leaf curl virus isolate from Iran (2), and the association of CLCuGeV with cotton in Pakistan (3) and hollyhock in Jordan (GU945265) suggests this virus has moved into the Middle East and Asia from Africa. The identification of CLCuGeV in Oman shows the widespread occurrence of this virus species. This discovery is important since Oman, and other countries in the area, are a hub of international trade and travel, particularly by air and sea, meaning that the virus could spread further. References: (1) R. W. Briddon and P. G. Markham. Virus Res. 71:151, 2000. (2) P. Lefeuvre et al. PLoS Pathog. 6:e1001164, 2010. (3) M. N. Tahir et al. PLoS ONE 6:e20366, 2011.

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., Saif Khalid, Hussain Shah . et Muhammad Asif Masood . « Relationship of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Symptoms with Virus Concentration and Epitope Profile ». Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 2, n^o 4 (15 septembre 1999) : 1387–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.1999.1387.1389.

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Mehmood, Shahzad, Farida Memon, Arbab Nighat, Fayaz Ahmed Memon et Erum Saba. « Comparative Analysis of Feature Extraction Methods for Cotton Leaf Diseases Detection ». VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering 11, n^o 3 (30 septembre 2023) : 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21015/vtse.v11i3.1626.

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Cotton leaf diseases must be accurately detected and classified to reduce plant diseases and output losses. Feature extraction strategies for automated cotton leaf disease diagnosis are compared in this study. The research uses HOG, SIFT, SURF, GLCM, and Gabor wavelets filter feature extractor to extract features. We gathered and preprocessed 2400 cotton leaf images of healthy and diseases, Angular Leaf Spot, Bacterial Blight, Cotton curl leaf disease (CLCuD), as well as Alternaria Disease. K-means clustering separates leaf areas and improves feature extraction in image segmentation. Discriminative features are extracted using the mentioned methods, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is employed for disease identification. The comparative analysis based on Accuracy, Precision, and Sensitivity reveals the Gabor Wavelet Filter Feature Extractor as the top performer, achieving 92% accuracy on the test dataset containing bacterial blight, curl virus, alternaria, and healthy leaves. While HOG, SIFT, SURF, and GLCM methods also perform well, they are outperformed by the Gabor Wavelet method. This study shows Gabor wavelet-based features can accurately identify and classify cotton leaf illnesses, helping farmers fight plant diseases. The results underscore the need of choosing proper feature extraction methods for autonomous plant disease diagnostic systems.

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Aslam Khan, Muhammad, et Hakim Ali Khan. « Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Disease Severity In Relation to Environmental Conditions ». Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 3, n^o 10 (15 septembre 2000) : 1688–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2000.1688.1690.

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Iqbal, Naeem, Muhammad Yasin Ashraf, Farrukh Javed, Muhammad Ashraf et Sohail Hameed. « Cotton Leaf Curl Virus : Ionic Status of Leaves and Symptom Development ». Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 48, n^o 5 (mai 2006) : 558–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7909.2006.00267.x.

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Rahman, Hafeez-ur, W. S. Khan, Munir-ud-Din Khan et M. Kausar Nawaz Shah. « Stability of cotton cultivars under leaf curl virus epidemic in Pakistan ». Field Crops Research 69, n^o 3 (mars 2001) : 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4290(00)00148-9.

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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Cotton leaf curl virus »

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