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Aron Said, Valeria, Luisa Feline Freier et Stephania Corpi Arnaud. « “Migrar es como morir para renacer en otro lugar” : la experiencia de venezolanos en Perú ». Migraciones internacionales 13 (30 novembre 2022) : 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2548.
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This paper explores the concept of “suffering” in the migratory experience of displaced Venezuelans in Peru in three moments: in the context of their departure, during the journey to Peru, and in the context of their arrival. Through a mixed methodology of participant observation and interviews, this paper aims to understand the signification of the concept of suffering in the different phases of the process. In the analyzed case, it was found that to each phase corresponds different motives and types of suffering, and that others are maintained in the three stages. Although the concept of suffering is implicit in many recent academic contributions to the phenomenon of migration, an adequate theorization of the suffering of Venezuelan forcibly displaced has been lacking. This article thus contributes to the literature on migration and suffering, and at the same time to the emerging literature on Venezuelan forced displacement across Latin America.
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Reshaur, Ken. « Concepts of Solidarity in the Political Theory of Hannah Arendt ». Canadian Journal of Political Science 25, no 4 (décembre 1992) : 723–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900004479.
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AbstractThis article has two objectives: one is to distinguish and explicate four concepts of solidarity which are found in the writings of Hannah Arendt; the other is to show how Arendt's respect for facts and suspicion of sentiment publicly displayed are justified. The first concept of solidarity is exclusive solidarity. It is limited to those who are suffering from exploitation or oppression. The second conception of solidarity is inclusive: it includes those who suffer but can also accommodate those who make common cause with them. This is the only kind of solidarity that Arendt specifically analyzes. A third concept of solidarity is universal: its proximate constituent parts are the different “peoples” who collectively make up humankind. Finally, there is natural solidarity. This variety of solidarity, the author argues, is conceptually inadequate and confused. In the development and articulation of each of these four concepts, some attention is given to the relative contributions of emotion and cognition in determining one's understanding of solidarity.
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Teixeira, Anelise Lusser. « Spinoza e práticas clínicas em psicologia : algumas considerações ». Fractal : Revista de Psicologia 34 (2022) : e28197. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/1984-0292/2022/v34/28197.
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This theoretical essay intends to list some questions about the possible Spinoza’s contributions to the understanding of the modes of subjectivation and, consequently, to the clinical practices of Psychology today. Initially, in line with scholars and commentators, the actuality of Spinoza’s work will be placed even nearly four centuries after his death. In explaining the main concepts of the author, it also proposes to draw an introductory panorama, to those interested in a first contact with this work. Due to the innovative and transformative character of his work, it is necessary to explain the set of concepts, since one concept promotes a change in another and so on. In this course, we will highlight the concept of the multitude, which resizes the importance of collective formations of desire, to indicate the ethical and political revolution wrought by its philosophy. With this movement we then come to the heart of his work with the concepts of affection and body, closely related. Finally, we will make a brief reflection on some forms of suffering present in the contemporary, pointing out the particularities of certain aspects of psychology, based on dualisms, to propose intervention strategies guided by Spinozist inspiration.
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Neves-Pereira, Mônica Souza, Marco Aurélio Bilibio de Carvalho et Cristiana de Campos Aspesi. « Mindfulness and Buddhism ». Gifted Education International 34, no 2 (4 août 2017) : 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261429417716347.
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This article discusses contributions of Eastern philosophical traditions, in particular, Buddhism and its concept of mindfulness—to the field of psychology. Psychology has long dealt with the concept of mindfulness to understand the results of meditation in several contexts, such as psychotherapy and education. The works of Thich Nhat Hanh on meditation and mindfulness represent one of the theoretical pillars of this discussion. Recent research on mindfulness in the field of scientific psychology provides additional links for this collaborative effort between religious tradition and science. Research on this theme inevitably leads to considerations of the ethical, moral, environmental, ecological, emotional, and spiritual dimensions involved in Buddhist traditions and in different psychological theories. These traditions and theories converge to benefit persons undergoing situations of psychological and spiritual suffering. This article concludes by sharing new possibilities of comprehending the concept and practice of mindfulness, based on writings from the Buddhist tradition that focus on its phenomenon from a broader and deeper viewpoint.
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Sia, Santiago. « Suffering and Creativity : A Contribution to Hartshorne’s concept of Sole Reality URAM 1 : 115–129 ». Ultimate Reality and Meaning 12, no 3 (septembre 1989) : 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/uram.12.3.210.
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Margaroni, Maria. « Introduction ». Theory Now. Journal of Literature, Critique, and Thought 6, no 1 (28 janvier 2023) : 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/tn.v6i1.27211.
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One of the major contributions of Julia Kristeva in all the diverse fields of study she has worked in since her emergence as a theorist of semiotics and avant-garde literature in the mid-1960s is her attention to the body and the bodily. Some of her central concepts of that period, such as the semiotic, semanalysis, the chora, and signifiance, have helped theorists in the Arts and Humanities but also in the Social and Medical sciences do justice to the complex vulnerability of the subject-in-process/on trial at the crossroads between biology and language. It is significant that she comes to develop the concept of the subject-in-process/on trial in a 1972 essay on Antonin Artaud, whose corporeal understanding of writing enabled Kristeva to theorize a literary experience that refuses to aestheticize psychic or bodily suffering and that aims to become a laboratory for the incubation of new, less species-arrogant perceptions of the human.
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Pawlik, Robert. « Ikonografia cierpienia. Aby Warburg o symbolizacji obrazowej i obrazach wojny ». Załącznik Kulturoznawczy, no 5 (2018) : 259–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zk.2018.5.15.
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In the book Regarding the Pain of Others Susan Sontag tackles the problem of war photography as a mean of mobilization of anti-war opposition. She mentions also the tradition of pictorial representations of ‘disasters of war’ as well as the western ‘iconography of suffering’. In her erudite essay, Sontag chose to omit German ‘Bildhistoriker’, Aby Warburg (1886-1929). Warburg’s concept of genesis of images from the spirit of suffering and his contribution to the study of visual aspects of war are the subjects of the present essay.
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Badin, Murielle, Vanessa Pellegrino Toledo et Ana Paula Rigon Francischetti Garcia. « Contribution of transference to the psychiatric nursing process ». Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 71, suppl 5 (2018) : 2161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0640.
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ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the contribution of the concept of transference to the application of the nursing process in the care of patients with psychical suffering. Method: Theoretical study, structured from the following question: Is it possible to develop the nursing process in the care of patients with psychical suffering by using transference? Result: The patient is considered as a subject of the unconscious and has a demand he/she is unaware of. Discussion: The transference guides the nursing process and favors the elaboration of what has no meaning in the symptom. Final considerations: As an implication for practice, the nursing process will articulate the transference function through the nursing diagnosis, which will promote the capture of subsidies for the planning and implementation of care, in which the purpose will be the symbolization of the symptom. To highlight speech as a means to therapeutic relation will offer the patients the condition to dictate the pace of articulation between their signifiers, which will dynamically temporalize the process.
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Anwar, Muhammad. « SHAH WALIULLAH AS A MACRO-SOCIOLOGIST : AN ANALYSIS ». Pakistan Journal of Social Research 03, no 03 (30 septembre 2021) : 565–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v3i3.403.
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This research paper describes the sociological contributions of Shah Waliullah. His period of life was famous for political instability, social degeneration, moral deterioration and religious decadence. An all-round decline was visible. In such a suffering state of affairs Shah Waliullah appeared as political, religious and social reformist. He focused on moderation and justice for a purpose to oust society from the quagmire of social vices. Along with this, he also adopted a rational approach rather than traditional methodology to have remedy for social pathologies. In this line, he imparted the concept of the development of society. He has used word Irtiqafat for the development of society in his scholarship Hujjaj Allah al-Baligha. This research paper discusses the social evolution of society which gets completed in four stages. Keywords: Shah Waliullah, Sociology
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Sumanasiri, Erabaddage Gishan Tharanga, Mohd Shukri Ab Yajid et Ali Khatibi. « Review of literature on Graduate Employability ». Journal of Studies in Education 5, no 3 (16 juillet 2015) : 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jse.v5i3.7983.
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<p>There is increasing pressure from governments, funding organizations, students and parents on universities around the world since graduate employability has been clearly recognized as one of the main objectives of university education. Accreditation bodies also appear to measure quality of education through the contributions made towards employability. In such a context one would assume that employability of university graduates to be clearly understood and extensively researched area. However, the real situation appears to be one which requires the urgent attention of all stakeholders of university education. A review of literature on graduate employability is a clear need today and current paper achieves this by summarizing the major articles on university graduate employability theoretical frameworks and empirical studies. Despite the large number of studies, graduate employability appears to be suffering from the problems of lack of theoretical control and politicization which appear to have become major obstacles for future developments of the concept. </p>
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Englebert, Jérôme. « Borderline Personality Disorder and the ‘Limit-Situations’ : An Ecological and Phenomenological Contribution ». Phainomenon 28, no 1 (1 octobre 2018) : 159–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/phainomenon-2018-0014.
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Abstract The aim of this work is to contribute to the ecological and phenomenological understanding of people with borderline personality disorder by analyzing the relation to the “limit situations”, a concept that was formulated one century ago by Karl Jaspers. This study makes it possible to go beyond the nosographic debate in which the pathological entity is often confined, by defining it as a disorder “situated” between neurosis and psychosis. The five limit-situations (which have been described by Gabriel Marcel in his introduction to Jaspers’ proposals) – namely, (1) historical situation, (2) love conflict, (3) suffering, (4) guilt, (5) and death – turn out to be crucial situations in which the limit-existence manifests itself in a specific way. In particular, we observe that the peculiarities of the experience characterizing the borderline individual’s limit situations rely on a temporality grounded on instantaneity and immediacy, and imply a specific relationship to others. Finally, the limit state seems to call into question this primordial tendency by suggesting that every man is bound to be part of time, to love, to feel guilty, to suffer and to flee this suffering, to die and to organize his life by considering such a condition of finitude.
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Hofmann, Bjørn. « How to Draw the Line Between Health and Disease ? Start with Suffering ». Health Care Analysis 29, no 2 (29 avril 2021) : 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10728-021-00434-0.
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AbstractHow can we draw the line between health and disease? This crucial question of demarcation has immense practical implications and has troubled scholars for ages. The question will be addressed in three steps. First, I will present an important contribution by Rogers and Walker who argue forcefully that no line can be drawn between health and disease. However, a closer analysis of their argument reveals that a line-drawing problem for disease-related features does not necessarily imply a line-drawing problem for disease as such. The second step analyzes some alternative approaches to drawing the line between health and disease. While these approaches do not provide full answers to the question, they indicate that the line-drawing question should not be dismissed too hastily. The third step investigates whether the line-drawing problem can find its solution in the concept of suffering. In particular, I investigate whether returning to the origin of medicine, with the primary and ultimate goal of reducing suffering, may provide sources of demarcation between health and disease. In fact, the reason why we pay attention to particular phenomena as characteristics of disease, consider certain processes to be relevant, and specific functions are classified as dys-functions, is that they are related to suffering. Accordingly, using suffering as a criterion of demarcation between health and disease may hinder a wide range of challenges with modern medicine, such as unwarranted expansion of disease, overdiagnosis, overtreatment, and medicalization.
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Bueno, Arthur. « The psychic life of freedom : Social pathology and its symptoms ». Filozofija i drustvo 28, no 3 (2017) : 475–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid1703475b.
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This paper discusses the relationship between Axel Honneth?s intersubjective theory of recognition and his political theory of democratic ethical life by addressing the potentials and difficulties attached to the notion of social pathology. Taking into account the diverse uses of this concept throughout Honneth?s oeuvre, it focuses initially on two of its formulations: first, the more recent discussions presented in ?The Diseases of Society?, some of which can be read in continuity with arguments presented in Freedom?s Right; second, an implicit conception of social pathology that can be found in Struggle for Recognition. These formulations involve contrastingly different premises with regard to phenomenological, methodological, social-ontological and etiological matters. I argue that such differences can be better grasped if one bears in mind two distinctive ways of understanding the fundamental intuition at the basis of the notion of social pathology: either as an analogy or as a homology. By disclosing the actual or potential discrepancies between both conceptions, the aim is to outline the grounds on which they could be brought together within the framework of a comprehensive concept. With this purpose, I then critically examine a third conception of social pathology which was first presented in Suffering from Indeterminacy and later developed, with some restrictions, in Freedom?s Right. Finally, a definition of social pathology is suggested which can bring together the different contributions of each conception while avoiding their pitfalls.
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Mahmutović, Samra, Marijana Kletečki Radović et Vesna Huremović. « The Concept of Recovery – a Contribution to the Development of Community Mental Health Services ». Društvene i humanističke studije (Online) 7, no 4(21) (30 décembre 2022) : 669–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.51558/2490-3647.2022.7.4.669.
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Mental health, along with physical and social well-being, constitutes the general health of an individual, and it is considered that there is no health without mental health. According to the dual model of mental health, the mental state of an individual does not depend solely on the presence of a diagnosis of mental illness, but also on the subjective feeling of well-being. This means that a person with a mental disorder or illness can have good mental health and vice versa. New approaches in the protection of mental health and the treatment of people with mental illnesses are based on the principles of empowerment, recovery, social inclusion, human rights, multidisciplinarity and multisectoral cooperation. The aim of this paper is to present the concept of recovery of people with mental health problems, starting from a holistic understanding of mental health. Recovery is understood as a process that involves an individual who has hope and is aimed at overcoming psychological suffering, but also experts who shape and conduct their professional procedures with the aim of creating conditions for increasing the well-being and productivity of the individual. Also, the approach to recovery is incorporated into the development and organization of modern Community mental health care services. Under this aspect, the paper will present the development of psychiatric care and Community mental health services on the example of Centers for mental health in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Despite the knowledge and clear documents that focus on mental health care and support services for everyone in the community, there are significant challenges in implementing that type of mental health care system.
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Tanner, Denise. « ‘The Love That Dare Not Speak Its Name’ : The Role of Compassion in Social Work Practice ». British Journal of Social Work 50, no 6 (31 octobre 2019) : 1688–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcz127.
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Abstract The concept of compassion has little prominence in social work literature or in social work curricula, in contrast with those of nursing. This is despite compassion being a valued attribute of social workers from the perspectives of service users. This article considers the meaning of compassion, possible reasons for its absence from social work parlance and its potential contribution to social work practice. Whereas empathy is seen as comprising affective and cognitive components, compassion is defined in terms of affective and behavioural elements. More specifically, compassion is perceived as comprising both of ‘feelings for’ the person who is suffering and a desire to act to relieve the suffering. The desire to act is distinct from the act itself. Focusing primarily on the ‘desire to act’ component of compassion, the article suggests that the emotional health and mental well-being of social workers may be enhanced, rather than jeopardised, by acknowledging, facilitating and nourishing compassionate relationships with service users. It proposes that the emotional risks to social workers emanate not from the toll of feeling compassion for those in distress, but rather from a thwarting of their desire to act to alleviate suffering. It is argued that organisations have an important role in facilitating compassionate practice and possible avenues are considered to bring compassion into the fold of social work education, practice and research.
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Bolarín, José M., F. Cavas, J. S. Velázquez et J. L. Alió. « A Machine-Learning Model Based on Morphogeometric Parameters for RETICS Disease Classification and GUI Development ». Applied Sciences 10, no 5 (9 mars 2020) : 1874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10051874.
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This work pursues two objectives: defining a new concept of risk probability associated with suffering early-stage keratoconus, classifying disease severity according to the RETICS (Thematic Network for Co-Operative Research in Health) scale. It recruited 169 individuals, 62 healthy and 107 keratoconus diseased, grouped according to the RETICS classification: 44 grade I; 18 grade II; 15 grade III; 15 grade IV; 15 grade V. Different demographic, optical, pachymetric and eometrical parameters were measured. The collected data were used for training two machine-learning models: a multivariate logistic regression model for early keratoconus detection and an ordinal logistic regression model for RETICS grade assessments. The early keratoconus detection model showed very good sensitivity, specificity and area under ROC curve, with around 95% for training and 85% for validation. The variables that made the most significant contributions were gender, coma-like, central thickness, high-order aberrations and temporal thickness. The RETICS grade assessment also showed high-performance figures, albeit lower, with a global accuracy of 0.698 and a 95% confidence interval of 0.623–0.766. The most significant variables were CDVA, central thickness and temporal thickness. The developed web application allows the fast, objective and quantitative assessment of keratoconus in early diagnosis and RETICS grading terms.
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Snigirev, Sergey. « SCIENTIFIC WORKS OF J. WINTER AND A. SIMPLE ABOUT THE FIRST WORLD WAR IN THE CULTURAL MEMORY OF THE BRITISH ». Культурный код, no 2024-2 (2024) : 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36945/2658-3852-2024-2-115-126.
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In recent decades, scholars of the history of the First World War have increasingly recognized the role of cultural memory in shaping our understanding of this historical period. The works of Jay Winter and Antoine Prost, known for their in-depth explorations of cultural and collective memory in Western societies, represent significant contributions to this area of research. Their work sheds light on how the First World War was perceived and imprinted in people's minds, how it influenced their cultural norms, constructed worldviews and collective ideas about war, heroism and suffering. In this article, we will examine the main concepts and methodologies proposed by Winter and Prost and their influence on modern historiography of the First World War, as well as a critique of the authors' own views on research.
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Ward, Tony, et Karen Salmon. « The Ethics of Care and Treatment of Sex Offenders ». Sexual Abuse 23, no 3 (13 octobre 2010) : 397–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063210382049.
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The ethics of care acknowledges the importance of establishing and maintaining practices that help people to meet their needs, develop and protect basic capabilities for problem solving, emotional functioning, and social interaction, and avoid pain and suffering. In this article, we explore the contribution an ethics of care perspective can make to work with sex offenders. First, we briefly describe five classes of ethical problems evident in work with sex offenders. Second, the concept of care is defined and a justification for a version of care theory provided. Third, we apply the care ethical theory to ethical issues with sex offenders and demonstrate its value in responding to the five classes of problems outlined earlier.
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Baele, Stephane J. « Conspiratorial Narratives in Violent Political Actors’ Language ». Journal of Language and Social Psychology 38, no 5-6 (12 août 2019) : 706–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261927x19868494.
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This article articulates the concept of “conspiratorial narratives”—defined as stories which integrate a large range of events and archetypal characters from past and present in a single teleological explanation for the alleged suffering of a given social group—and argues that this particular linguistic construct is a key marker of extremist language. Using three different cases to illustrate our theoretical contribution (Nazi propaganda, Rwandan genocidaires’ radio, IS’ messaging), we show that paying attention to conspiratorial narratives leads us to significantly revise classic accounts of violent actors’ language, and provides a better understanding of the link between that language and violence itself—more precisely, why violence happens, how much violence is directed to whom, and when it occurs.
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Herman, Sebastian. « Islamic Development Concept : A Proposal For Betterment of Muslim Ummah in the Post-Pandemic Episode ». JESI (Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Indonesia) 11, no 1 (31 juillet 2021) : 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/jesi.2021.11(1).12-27.
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<p>Islamic civilization was the pearl of the world with multidimensional aspects of achievements, especially during the Dark Age of West civilization. In stark contrast to this, the Muslim world nowadays is experiencing a marginalized society on this planet. The majority of Muslim countries are backward educationally, socially, economically, and politically. Furthermore, the world nowadays is suffering an economic crisis due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study tries to investigate the economic development concept from an Islamic perspective, compare it with current data on OIC member countries and provide recommendations for policymakers to stave the disaster off. The study adopts a quantitative approach in form of a literature review, discourse, and critical content analysis. It found that economic development in an Islamic perspective can be defined as a multidimensional process to improve welfare, in both material and spiritual aspects. However, In reality, OIC member countries have potentials and obstacles for growth. Strengthening the education sectors, infusion of Islamic values, support SMEs' development with ICT are some recommended policies. The main contribution of this study is to assess the current condition of Muslim Ummah represented by OIC member countries, by the development concept of Islam and deliver some policies for the betterment of the ummah.</p>
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Haider, M. M. Nadim, et Md Rafiquzzaman. « Implementation of Total Productive Maintenance in a Jute Bag Industry:a Case Study ». Journal of Engineering Science 14, no 1 (18 juillet 2023) : 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jes.v14i1.67642.
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In this competitive world, manufacturing industries are suffering from several problems such as breakdown of machine, production adjustments, poor working of defective equipment, poor maintenance and management, unhealthy working area and this lead to low productivity, increasing wastage, fire damage and major losses in the company’s growth. Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) approaches can be promising solution to overcome these problems. Therefore, this study attempts to evaluate the contributions TPM initiatives towards improving manufacturing performance in a Jute bag manufacturing industry in Bangladesh. Specific objectives of this study are identification and reduction of major losses by using TPM tools and evaluation of the effectiveness by analyzing Overall Equipment Efficiency (OEE). The correlations between various TPM implementation dimensions and manufacturing performance improvements have been evaluated and validated by employing overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) in the jute bag plant. In this study TPM tools such as 5S, Autonomous Maintenance, Kobetsu Kaizen, Planned Maintenance and Education and Training have been implemented in the selected company. The equipment failure losses are reduced 3.85% through continuous improvement concept. The defect rate is reduced by 1.84% by taking preventive action. Most importantly it is observed that the OEE is improved from 7.42% i.e improved the productivity as well as improved the quality of product. Journal of Engineering Science 14(1), 2023, 137-149
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Ng, Ernest C. H. « Embodying Morality in Management Theory and Practice : A Buddhist Perspective ». Journal of Management, Spirituality & ; Religion 19, no 3 (1 mai 2022) : 258–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.51327/tmxq5830.
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This article explores the interactions among ethics, spirituality, and business management from a Buddhist perspective. In recent decades, scholars have made substantial contributions to reintroduce spirituality into business ethics and Buddhist values to business management. This paper argues that some core Buddhist concepts and practices could uniquely contribute to identifying moral agency and responsibility, and addressing the practical challenges related to business ethics in a market economy. This article attempts to dissect the Buddhist worldview, as proclaimed through the three marks of phenomenal existence: 1) impermanence, 2) suffering, and 3) non-self, and evaluate its relevance to the theories and practices of business ethics. The significance of this worldview in contemporary society is further explored through the lens of epistemology, ontology, soteriology, and a six "I"s strategy. Two case studies are presented to illustrate possible frameworks of moral decision-making inspired by Buddhist ethics.
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Topping, Kenneth C. « Promoting Disaster Resilience Around the World ». Journal of Disaster Research 10, no 4 (1 août 2015) : 581–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2015.p0581.
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Congratulatory Message Congratulations to the Journal of Disaster Research on successfully completing 10 years of publishing scientific, technical, and policy articles and studies examining and refining issues related to disaster management. Among the Journal’s many contributions to scientific knowledge is its progressive development of the disaster resilience concept benefitting societies and communities worldwide. With social, environmental, economic, and technological conditions changing continuously and with new uncertainties discussed daily in the media, we must question how well we can plan to safely and productively develop our societies and communities. How well can we embrace and respond effectively to new information about natural and human-based hazards that increase uncertainty and interfere with orderly, beneficial societal and community development? The number and intensity of disasters appear to be increasing around the globe due to a combination of factors such as natural hazards, technological accidents, urban growth, inadequate planning, and most recently climate change. Some societies and communities may be more vulnerable than others to specific hazard events, but it must be realized that none are immune. Key questions that must be answered include how to minimize potential future loss from natural and human hazards through timely mitigation and preparedness and how to safely and expeditiously respond and recover after disasters strike. The JDR and other scientific publications have demonstrated how prominent the concept of disaster resilience has become in the last decade alone. The concept of resilience is broadly defined as the capacity of a community to 1) Survive a major disaster or other damaging crisis, 2) Retain essential community structure and functions, and 3) Adapt during post-disaster recovery to conditions for transforming community structures and functions and meeting new challenges (Topping et al., “Toward Disaster Resilient Communities” in Journal of Disaster Research Vol.5, No.2, April 2010). Operating alongside resilience is the concept of sustainability. Sustainability emerged initially from the environmental movement. The Bruntland Commission (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987) has defined sustainable development as that “… meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Sustainability has broadened in meaning to include preserving and maintaining resources – environmental, physical, social, economic, and cultural. Together with this arises the realization that disasters destroy resources of all kinds. Disaster resilience and sustainable development are intertwined. A society or community that is not disaster-resilient risks suffering irreversible losses of resources – something that cannot be considered sustainable. A disaster-resilient society or community, in contrast, minimizes the risk of losses due to natural or technological hazards by executing mitigation and preparedness efforts in a timely way – thus protecting resources for use by future generations. Congratulations again to the many JDR authors, reviewers, and editors who have so carefully and thoughtfully contributed to the evolution of the important concepts above – concepts that, implemented over time, will help protect and preserve societies and communities around the world. Ken Topping 504 Warwick Street, Cambria, CA 93428, USA June 15, 2015
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Leidinger, Miriam. « Vulner-ability : A Systematic Theological Approach to an Ambivalent Term ». Mission Studies 37, no 3 (16 décembre 2020) : 397–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733831-12341738.
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Abstract The term vulnerability is en vogue, both in theology and in mission studies. This contribution systematically analyses the concept and phenomenon of vulnerability and discusses its different aspects; namely materiality and embodiment, pain and suffering, and resilience and resistance. From a Christian theological point of view, these aspects of vulnerability resonate with key theological questions that lead to a closer look at the Christologies of Jürgen Moltmann, Jon Sobrino, and Graham Ward. The guiding questions are: How can we speak about the vulnerable human being in his or her relationship to Jesus Christ, the Son of God made flesh? And how is it possible vice versa to speak about the incarnated God in light of the vulnerability of all human beings? Finally, the argument culminates in a plea for a vulnerable theology in a wounded world.
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Romário Teixeira Braga Filho. « Anorexia Nervosa and Gender - a Comprehensive Interdisciplinary Approach ; Part 2 : Collective and Individual Factors in the Construction of the Disorder ». Open Access Research Journal of Life Sciences 5, no 2 (30 juin 2023) : 072–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.53022/oarjls.2023.5.2.0033.
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This study was performed to broaden the understanding of Anorexia Nervosa as a paradigmatic condition among eating disorders, considering the principle that individual and collective factors are fundamental in the construction of health and disease phenomena. This study is divided into three parts; in the first part - historical, etiologic, epidemiologic and clinical aspects are discussed; in the second part – this one -, the discussion involves the contributions of Psychology, Anthropology and Sociology, also in an interdisciplinary arrangement; the third part - which concludes the study - presents a theoretical essay on the use of some homeopathic medicines at least theoretically applicable to the treatment of Anorexia Nervosa, considering the Law of Similarity of the Homeopathic Doctrine. A bibliographic review was performed using the PubMed search platform. Although each part of the study has an independent context, the reader will benefit from reading and understanding the three parts. The second part – this one - is presented with emphasis on contributions of some of the main social sciences – Psychology, Anthropology and Sociology – and discusses theoretical concepts expressed by Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Jacques Lacan, Clifford Geertz, Marcel Mauss, among other scientists - always emphasizing the interaction between individual and collective factors as contributors to the genesis of Anorexia Nervosa. It is concluded that interdisciplinary studies are necessary and can broaden understanding over the genesis of human suffering – as occurs in the clinical condition Anorexia Nervosa - thus bringing patients closer to the most effective therapies, in a holistic perspective.
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Reder, Michae. « Pragmatistische Kritik der Postdemokratie ». Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 71, no 3 (1 juin 2023) : 412–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dzph-2023-0034.
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Abstract Post-democracy has become an important contribution to the discourse on democratic theory. On the one hand, this article appreciates the impulses opened up by the diagnosis of post-democracy. On the other hand, it criticizes some problematic presuppositions. Especially the thesis of post-democracy seems to imply an ideal of democracy that is oriented toward a certain type of democracy, without critically discussing it. The tradition of philosophical pragmatism is drawn upon to show how an alternative critical diagnosis of democracy might look. The pragmatist tradition, it is argued, avoids the problems of the diagnosis of post-democracy outlined and develops a normatively grounded concept of democracy. The normative aim of democracy consists in focusing on the experience of vulnerability in the face of violence and suffering. Thus, democracy should be conceptualised as a reflexive practice that asks how to deal with these experiences of vulnerability.
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Muhammad, Mukhtar, Jessica E. Stokes et Louise Manning. « Positive Aspects of Welfare in Sheep : Current Debates and Future Opportunities ». Animals 12, no 23 (24 novembre 2022) : 3265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12233265.
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The concept of positive welfare is an expansion of the traditional understanding that animal welfare is defined by minimizing stress, pain, suffering, and disease. Positive welfare shifts the animal welfare narrative from a focus on reducing negative experiences to proactively providing animals with opportunities to have positive experiences and feelings. The concept, although around for several decades, is in its infancy in terms of developing ways of assessing positive welfare on farms, especially in extensive systems, and there are challenges in the adoption of positive welfare practices and the monitoring of continuous improvement at the farm level. Using an iterative approach, this critical review aims to explore the extent to which positive welfare interventions and indicators are positioned and have been developed within the animal welfare literature for sheep. This paper critiques existing positive welfare indicators, such as choices in food and the physical environment, conspecific social synchronization, maternal bonds, intergenerational knowledge transfer, positive human–animal relationships, etc., as currently assessed by the ‘good life framework’. It also reviews the characteristics of scientific measures for (positive) affective states in the current sheep literature and their potential contribution to understanding positive welfare states in sheep. In conclusion, this paper provides recommendations for future research regarding sheep welfare.
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Kaunda, Chammah J. « World Christianity as ‘Human Universal Making’ Activity : The Contribution of African Christian Potential ». Expository Times 131, no 11 (août 2020) : 480–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0014524620946978.
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The study engages Alain Badiou’s philosophical concept of ‘immanent exception’ to establish the special potential embedded in African Christianity for engendering human universal (Umuntu). It argues that African Christian experiences inform their interpretations of Jesus Christ as the answer to all human existential concerns. This approach forces them to ‘exceed’ in the locations and spaces of their imaginations of suffering by embracing ambivalent localizations (through a constant oscillation between local and un-local) in search to transcend, not escape, in thought and practice their negative realities. Thus, they transcend unitary Christian boundaries and integrates critical elements of African spiritual systems to build human universal within the paradigmatic universal humanity of Jesus. The study underlines that grasping African Christianity through immanent exception could contribute to empowering not only African Christians, but also world Christians to seek new ways of becoming human universal for global struggle against death dealing forces such as COVID-19. The study concludes by calling for the need to engage how World Christianity in its particularities is shaping life today and how local churches are participating in constructing what it means to be part of God’s mission to build a human universal in active search for global justice.
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Kinast, Benjamin, Matthias Lutz et Björn Schreiweis. « Telemonitoring of Real-World Health Data in Cardiology : A Systematic Review ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no 17 (27 août 2021) : 9070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179070.
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Background: New sensor technologies in wearables and other consumer health devices open up promising opportunities to collect real-world data. As cardiovascular diseases remain the number one reason for disease and mortality worldwide, cardiology offers potent monitoring use cases with patients in their out-of-hospital daily routines. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to investigate the status quo of studies monitoring patients with cardiovascular risks and patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases in a telemedical setting using not only a smartphone-based app, but also consumer health devices such as wearables and other sensor-based devices. Methods: A literature search was conducted across five databases, and the results were examined according to the study protocols, technical approaches, and qualitative and quantitative parameters measured. Results: Out of 166 articles, 8 studies were included in this systematic review; these cover interventional and observational monitoring approaches in the area of cardiovascular diseases, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation using various app, wearable, and health device combinations. Conclusions: Depending on the researcher’s motivation, a fusion of apps, patient-reported outcome measures, and non-invasive sensors can be orchestrated in a meaningful way, adding major contributions to monitoring concepts for both individual patients and larger cohorts.
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GRANIK, MARIA. « Indirect Perpetration Theory : A Defence ». Leiden Journal of International Law 28, no 4 (30 octobre 2015) : 977–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156515000540.
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AbstractThe aim of this article is to show that the concept of perpetration by means as it appears in Article 25 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (Rome Statute) accurately reflects liability for crimes committed by high-level perpetrators who exercise control over the actions of the lower-level (fully responsible) perpetrators. Finding the proper mode of liability in these cases is crucial to the International Criminal Court's (ICC) mission of ending impunity for serious international crimes. While international criminal law may be unlikely to deter criminals, especially heads of state and other powerful leaders, it can provide some sense of justice for the victims by convicting and punishing those responsible for their suffering. As such, the functions of international criminal law are to a large extent expressive and retributive. At the same time, it is important to keep the focus of international criminal law on individual responsibility of the perpetrators. It is, therefore, crucial to find proper labels that reflect culpability well. I hope to make a contribution to this search in what follows.This article is divided into five sections. First, I provide a background to the move, recently articulated by the ICC, from the concept of joint criminal enterprise (JCE) to that of indirect perpetration (and indirect co-perpetration) (section 2). Second, I analyse the original presentation of this idea by the German jurist Claus Roxin (section 3). Third, I examine the application of this concept by the German courts, particularly in the 1994 trial of three high level GDR officials held liable as indirect perpetrators for the killings (carried out by the border guards) of refugees at the East/West German border (section 4). Then I present a recent (Winter 2011) proposal by Jens Ohlin to abandon both JCE and indirect perpetration in favour of another mode of collective liability based on joint intentions (section 5). Finally, I defend the concept of indirect perpetration against Ohlin's criticisms, arguing that it offers a more accurate way to label the conduct of high-level perpetrators who carry out crimes by means of direct perpetrators who are themselves liable (section 6).
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Mohammed HUSSEIN, Hazim, et Ali Hussein HASAN. « STORIES OF CATASTROPHE IN REFIK HALIT KARAY’S MEMLEKET HIKÂYELERI ». International Journal Of Education And Language Studies 04, no 02 (1 juin 2023) : 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2791-9323.2-4.12.
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Refik Halit Karay is considered one of the most important novel and short story writers in the Turkish Literature in the 20th century. He was born on 15 of March 1888 in Istanbul, the capital of the Ottoman State at that time. He died on 18 of July 1965 after a life lasted for 77 years. He was buried in his birthplace Istanbul in the cemetery of Zincirlikuyu. He wrote and published several works in different fields of literature. He added a great deal of contribution to Turkish literature especially in the republican period. Memleket Hikâyeleri is one of the books of the second stories of Refik Halit Karay. It is the most important and famous short story for the writer in the field of stories. Among other important stories are: the Poor Amina, Peach Gardens, the Big Bull, Wahbi Afandi Doubts, Yellow Honey, The Joke, The Brown Donkey, Neighbor‟s honor, the Deposit, Omar‟s Contest, Once a Year, a Teacher‟s Painting, Strange Gift, Attack, and the Destiny of Angry Aisha which contains about 18 short stories. It is undoubtedly the most interesting book in the field of short stories in Turkish Literature. The first edition of this book published in 1919 while the second edition published in 1947 received a revision by the writer himself. Although the subject of the story changes from one story to another, the book comes in the first place among stories of depression and sorrow. Depression is a state of being unable to exit from the current situation in addition to suffering from difficulties and hence feeling exhausted. Depression has its own concept and its own details. It reflects the dilemma in facing the unsolved problems or impossible to be solved. It has been studied earlier by the writers themselves. Depression, as humane and psychological concept, appears repeatedly in the book Memleket Hikâyeleri by the Turkish writer Refik Halit Karay and analyzes deeply this concept through accurate original expressions. This paper starts with this detailed abstract. After presenting life of the writer Refik Halit Karay and his literary personality as well as his works, there is an emphasis on his work entitled Memleket Hikâyeleri. After the introduction about the concept of depression, the paper studies this concept in Refik Halit Karay‟s Memleket Hikâyeleri
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Kanchan Vishwanath Gaidhani et Sonali Pandurangrao Chalakh. « Covid-19 is a Janapadodwans Vyadhi in Ayurveda- A Review ». International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL1 (5 décembre 2020) : 1363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3642.
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Ayurveda is one among the outstanding contribution of Brahma, dealing with diseases and terminate the suffering of humanity. In Ayurveda Acharya charka and Acharya Sushrut explained the concept of janapadodwans ragas. In the modern era, thousands of harmful toxins are present in the atmosphere and are inhaled by human beings. A natural disaster is a tragic incidence originating from environmental, geological and hydrological changes. It increases mortality and morbidity due to infectious disease. A pandemic is a global unfold of a new disease. The Spread of novel corona virus-SARS-Cov-2 used to be formally described through the world fitness business enterprise (WHO) on 11 March 2020 due to its surprising emergence and enlargement round the world our Acharyas has defined this pandemic condition due to contamination of soil, air, food and water. This causes infectious diseases in society. Human civilization has successfully fought with many infectious ailments due to allopathic drug remedy. Western allopathic medication presently tends to focus on symptoms and disease, mainly uses drugs and surgery however drugs due to the fact of their toxicity regularly weaken the physique however in accordance to Ayurveda if the body’s herbal protection device is strong then can more easily defend against disease. Hence in case of Covid-19 dreadful infectious disease in addition to Allopathic medicine, we should provide immunity-boosting modalities mentioned in the ancient texts of Ayurveda. In present no proper treatment available for covid-19; hence by comparing this pandemic condition to covid-19, we can study the positive factors and treat the patient according to Janapadodwans concept describing Ayurveda.
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Kubitschke, Lutz, Ingo Meyer, Sonja Müller, Kira Stellato et Andrea Di Lenarda. « Digital Technologies as a Catalyst for Change towards Integrated Care Delivery ». International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare 5, no 2 (avril 2016) : 31–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrqeh.2016040102.
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The quest for more integrated care is not in itself new, but recent technology developments have nourished hopes that application of advanced digital solutions can make a major contribution to better joined-up care delivery, in particular to those suffering from chronic conditions. However, in contrast, with an enormous breadth of research activities, few instances of routine application of integrated eCare have yet emerged. This raises the question whether the concept of digitally-supported care delivery is indeed a present-day reality transforming traditionally separated care systems or just a hyped-up vision of what could be. Based on a review of recent evidence, including lessons learned from pilot implementations in different countries, the authors argue that the inherent properties of digital technologies do not by themselves lead to better-integrated care delivery. Rather, a reasonable implementation strategy needs to take account of the fact that desired end user support is not delivered by such technologies alone, but by socio-technical systems. An implementation approach that pays simultaneous attention to the stakeholders involved, to the particular working models of the different care actors, and to the technologies to be employed is shown to considerably increase the likelihood of achieving positive impacts on different levels, even if risks and uncertainty cannot be completely avoided.
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Arnaudeau, Sophie, Marion Nickum, Evelyne Fouquereau, Séverine Chevalier, Nicolas Gillet, René Mokounkolo, Julien Lejeune, Romuald Seizeur, Philippe Colombat et Christine Jeoffrion. « The Participatory Approach in Healthcare Establishments as a Specific French Organizational Model at Hospital Department Level to Prevent Burnout among Caregivers : What Are the Perceptions of Its Implementation and Its Potential Contributions by These Caregivers ? » International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no 7 (6 juillet 2024) : 882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21070882.
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(1) Background: Manifestations of burnout are regularly observed in the healthcare population. The participatory approach (PA) is a specific organization in the French health service aimed at preserving and improving the psychological health of these staff at work. The main objective of this study was to explore with healthcare professionals their perceptions of the effectiveness of the four PA components (multi-professional team meetings, in-service training, team support meetings and the project approach) implemented to date within French hospital departments, the methods of their implementation and the potential contributions of such an approach to their quality of working life and working conditions (QWLWC), and the quality of care provided. (2) Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 healthcare professionals in French hospital departments between March and April 2021. After they were recorded, the collected data was transcribed in full and subjected to thematic analysis. (3) Results: According to care providers, PA is only partially deployed in these departments today. Nevertheless, it is helping to develop multi-professional communication, and improves the quality of life at work as well as quality of care. (4) Conclusions: In the light of these results, the creation of a tool for the large-scale evaluation of PA implementation in hospitals emerges as essential, as its deployment in all hospital departments could help reduce the suffering of care professionals. In addition, a better articulation between the concepts of Magnet Hospitals and those of PA would prove heuristically promising.
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SAXENA, P. C., et D. K. TAYAL. « NORMALIZATION IN TYPE-2 FUZZY RELATIONAL DATA MODEL BASED ON FUZZY FUNCTIONAL DEPENDENCY USING FUZZY FUNCTIONS ». International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 20, no 01 (février 2012) : 99–138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488512500067.
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In fuzzy relational databases, the data dependencies, especially the fuzzy functional dependency(ffd) plays an important role in maintaining the consistency of the database and in avoiding the redundant storage of the data. In the past, it has been shown that the type-2 fuzzy relational databases captures impreciseness and incompleteness in data in a better way. The aim of this paper is to provide the concepts for database normalization in a type-2 fuzzy relational database, so that the normalized schemas can be obtained. Here, we deal with the fuzzy functional dependency(ffd) based normalization of type-2 fuzzy relational databases. We use the concepts of fuzzy functions to derive the fuzzy equality and using this fuzzy equality, we define a new definition of fuzzy functional dependency. First we discuss various approaches proposed by the researchers in this context and show why our fuzzy functional dependency is better, as compared to the earlier ffds proposed by the researchers. We call our ffd as non-0 LHS ffd. We identify an anomaly called "spurious ffd" and show that some of the significant contributions proposed by the earlier researchers are suffering from this anomaly, but the non-0 LHS ffd does not suffer from it. Then, we prove that the set of inference rules for the non-0 LHS ffd are sound and complete. We use the definition of non-0 LHS ffd in obtaining the first three normal forms upto BCNF for type-1 and type-2 fuzzy relational schemas. The result of the decomposition and the procedure to obtain the membership value of the decomposed relations is proposed. The associated concepts like the fuzzy key, fuzzy superkey, fuzzy foreign key are defined in terms of non-0 LHS ffd. On the basis of these concepts, we define full ffd, partial ffd etc. In the last, we show that in our case, the relationship of total-ordering between the three normal forms in classical relational databases is also observed.
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Muwafaq Flaiyah, Dr Ashraf, et Dr Saif Mohammed Radeef. « Chronic pain acceptance and Social Support Among Patients with Chronic Disease ». ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 59, no 4 (15 décembre 2020) : 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v59i4.1205.
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Chronic pain acceptance is developing as a vital concept to understand ways that chronic pain patients can remain engaged with valued parts of life. If patients find their pain inacceptable, they will likely work to avoid it at all costs and readily seek to reduce or eliminate it. Such measures may not be of best interest when they require no pain reduction and many missed opportunities to work more effectively and productively. The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of chronic pain acceptance among individuals who suffering chronic disease as well as to identify the differences in chronic pain acceptance due to gender and age. Furthermore, the study aimed to identify the extent to which social support (family, friends, and government organizations) contribute to predict the acceptance of chronic pain in patients with chronic diseases. The researchers selected a random sample consisted of (254) (104 males, 150 females) patients, their age ranged between (20-60) year were participated in this study. Two measurement tools have been used; chronic pain acceptance questioner (CPAQ) and social support scale. The results showed that females were reported higher level of chronic pain acceptance than male. In addition, the results found a statistically significant positive correlation between a type of social support (family, friends, and government) and acceptance of chronic pain. To measure the contribution of social support sources to the acceptance of pain, the results showed that all sources of social support (family, friends and government) contributed to the acceptance of pain, but the support of friends was the highest contribution to the acceptance of pain.
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Chytas, Vasileios, Alessandra Costanza, Viridiana Mazzola, Christophe Luthy, Vasiliki Galani, Guido Bondolfi et Christine Cedraschi. « Possible Contribution of Meaning in Life in Patients With Chronic Pain and Suicidal Ideation : Observational Study ». JMIR Formative Research 6, no 6 (13 juin 2022) : e35194. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/35194.
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Background Chronic pain is associated with an elevated risk of suicidal ideation (SI). Objective We aimed to examine if the presence or the search for Meaning in Life (MiL) are associated with less SI and explore whether MiL profiles emerge in our cohort. These profiles can be described as high presence–high search, high presence–low search, low presence–low search, and low presence–high search. Methods In this observational study, we recruited 70 patients who were referred to the Multidisciplinary Pain Center of the Geneva University Hospitals and who answered positively to question 9 on the Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd Edition, investigating SI. Patients who agreed to participate in the study were further investigated; they participated in a structured diagnostic interview to screen for psychiatric diagnoses. During this interview, they completed the Meaning in Life Questionnaire and the semistructured Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI) to assess the characteristics and severity of SI. Results There was a statistically significant correlation between the presence of MiL subscale and the SSI. These 2 scales had a negative and statistically highly significant correlation (R=–.667; P<.001). The results also showed a negative and statistically highly significant correlation between the score of the search for MiL and the SSI (R=–.456; P<.001). The results thus pointed to the presence of MiL as a potential protective factor against the severity of SI, while the search for MiL is also a possible resiliency factor, although to a lesser extent. The profile low presence–low search grouped the vast majority (47%) of the patients; in these patients, the mean SSI score was 14.36 (SD 5.86), much higher compared with that of the other subgroups. Conclusions This study’s results point to MiL as a concept of interest regarding devising psychotherapeutic interventions for chronic pain patients in order to reduce the suicidal risk and more accurately determine patients’ suffering.
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Agócs, Róbert, Dániel Sugár et Attila J. Szabó. « Is too much salt harmful ? Yes ». Pediatric Nephrology 35, no 9 (28 novembre 2019) : 1777–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00467-019-04387-4.
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AbstractThe contribution of high sodium intake to hypertension and to the severity of immune-mediated diseases is still being heatedly debated in medical literature and in the lay media. This review aims to demonstrate two conflicting views on the topic, with the first part citing the detrimental effects of excessive salt consumption. Sodium plays a central role in volume and blood pressure homeostasis, and the positive correlation between sodium intake and blood pressure has been extensively researched. Despite the fact that the average of global daily salt consumption exceeds recommendations of international associations, health damage from excessive salt intake is still controversial. Individual differences in salt sensitivity are in great part attributed to this contradiction. Patients suffering from certain diseases as well as other vulnerable groups—either minors or individuals of full age—exhibit more pronounced blood pressure reduction when consuming a low-sodium diet. Furthermore, findings from the last two decades give insight into the concept of extrarenal sodium storage; however, the long-term consequences of this phenomenon are lesser known. Evidence of the relationship between sodium and autoimmune diseases are cited in the review, too. Nevertheless, further clinical trials are needed to clarify their interplay. In conclusion, for salt-sensitive risk groups in the population, even stricter limits of sodium consumption should be set than for young, healthy individuals. Therefore, the question raised in the title should be rephrased as follows: “how much salt is harmful” and “for whom is elevated salt intake harmful?”
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Urewar M.V. « Conceptual study of Marmabhigata WSR to Head, Neck, Upper and Lower Extremity ». International Journal Of Indian Medicine 05, no 01 (2024) : 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55552/ijim.2024.5101.
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Sushruta's concept of Marma is a significant contribution, and it should be treated as a mirror of surgery, as there are 107 vital points in various parts of the body that should be carefully handled during surgery and always protected from injury, as they contain the component of life or vital energy (prana). Marma, an Ayurvedic science, is a treatise on Surgicoanatomical learning. The Sushruta samhita’s chapter 'Marma sharira' provides thorough information about Marmas based on the bodily organs or structures involved, the time-bound repercussions of the trauma, the area and sizes, the locales and locations across the body, and so on. Marma was defined by Ayurveda as essential areas of the body that produce death on severe damage or suffering similar to death or the site of irregular pulse and pain on pressure, as well as the seat of life (Jivasthana). This is the point where Prana (a component of life or vital energy) meets five structures: Sira (veins), Snayu (nerves), Sandhi (joints), Mamsa (muscles), and Asthi (bones). Any injury or mechanical involvement that directly affects the Marma sthana (Marmas' sites) results in death or significant effects sooner or later. Bhrama (confusion), Pralapa (delirium), Dourvalya (weakness), Chittanasha (lack of consciousness), Strastanga (restlessness), loss of sensation in parts, rise in body temperature, loss of joint function, unconsciousness, shallow breathing, severe pain, bleeding, loss of perception of senses, and so on are some of the general manifestations.
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Khorram-Manesh, Amir, Michael Ashkenazi, Ahmadreza Djalali, Pier Luigi Ingrassia, Tom Friedl, Gotz von Armin, Olivera Lupesco et al. « Education in Disaster Management and Emergencies : Defining a New European Course ». Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 9, no 3 (17 mars 2015) : 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2015.9.
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ABSTRACTObjectiveUnremitting natural disasters, deliberate threats, pandemics, and humanitarian suffering resulting from conflict situations necessitate swift and effective response paradigms. The European Union’s (EU) increasing visibility as a disaster response enterprise suggests the need not only for financial contribution but also for instituting a coherent disaster response approach and management structure. The DITAC (Disaster Training Curriculum) project identified deficiencies in current responder training approaches and analyzed the characteristics and content required for a new, standardized European course in disaster management and emergencies.MethodsOver 35 experts from within and outside the EU representing various organizations and specialties involved in disaster management composed the DITAC Consortium. These experts were also organized into 5 specifically tasked working groups. Extensive literature reviews were conducted to identify requirements and deficiencies and to craft a new training concept based on research trends and lessons learned. A pilot course and program dissemination plan was also developed.ResultsThe lack of standardization was repeatedly highlighted as a serious deficiency in current disaster training methods, along with gaps in the command, control, and communication levels. A blended and competency-based teaching approach using exercises combined with lectures was recommended to improve intercultural and interdisciplinary integration.ConclusionThe goal of a European disaster management course should be to standardize and enhance intercultural and inter-agency performance across the disaster management cycle. A set of minimal standards and evaluation metrics can be achieved through consensus, education, and training in different units. The core of the training initiative will be a unit that presents a realistic situation “scenario-based training.” (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:245-255)
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B. Grivas MD PhD, Theodoros. « THORAX AND IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS ». International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no 07 (31 juillet 2023) : 1252–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/17344.
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This review is related to the role of thorax in scoliogenesis. The embryology, the prenatal and the postnatal growth of the rib cage of (RC) and the lungs are briefly described. The development of normal RC, the frontal and sagittal diameters of it, the values of mid-thoracic diameters, the thoracic index, the biomechanical contribution of the RC to thoracic stability, the increase in frontal and sagittal thoracic diameter during breathing are defined. The infancy, childhood, puberty (ICP) model of growth is used in both the segmental thoracic ratios (TR) and the Segmental Rib-vertebra angles (RVA) in order to assess the normal and deformed RC in Early Onset (EOS) and Late Onset Scoliosis (LOS). The neuromuscular mechanisms as possible factors causing age-related RVAs changes are discussed. Then the posterior truncal/thoracic asymmetries are reviewed related to school scoliosis screening (SSS) referrals. Next, the development of RC is analyzed in resolving and progressive infantile idiopathic scoliosis (IIS), and in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The menarche and laterality of thoracic scoliotic curves, congenitally fused ribs and pulmonary function in children with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is also discussed. The pathogenesis of IS according to the Nottingham concept and RC, the thorax and pelvis complex during gait and rotational inertia, the Double Rib Contour Sign (DRCS) and Rib Index (RI), the effect of growth on the relationship of spinal and thoracic deformity are explained. The postoperative fate of IS hump deformity in relation to the RI and the aetiological implications for IS are then stated. The role of the rib-sternum complex is mentioned. John Sevastiks thoracospinal concept of aetiopathogenesis of AIS and his research about IS are described, namely experiments on ribs, correction of experimentally produced scoliosis, suggested surgical intervention on the ribs, experiments on nerves, vascular changes in the chest wall after unilateral resection of the intercostal nerves, and breast asymmetries in female suffering AIS. A biomechanical model using different Cobb angle and rib hump (RH) correction is mentioned. The issue of thoracic kyphosis and hypokyphosis and the impact of the lateral spinal profile (LSP), that is the sagittal plane, is discussed. Finally, IS and evolution of thoracic shape as a scar of evolution are pointed out.
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Chapman, C. Richard, et Jonathan Gavrin. « Suffering : the contributions of persistent pain ». Lancet 353, no 9171 (juin 1999) : 2233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(99)01308-2.
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Blasingame, Tom. « Survive, Revive, Thrive : Chapter 11—Flank Speed ». Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no 08 (1 août 2021) : 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0821-0006-jpt.
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Either move or be moved. - Ezra Pound, American poet, 1885–1972 Flank Speed (a ship’s maximum speed) Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet. Only through experience of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened, ambition inspired, and success achieved. - Helen Keller, American author, 1880–1968 (she was blind and deaf from birth) I will be uncharacteristically brief: if there were ever a time for operating at maximum capacity/capability, then this is it. I ask that everyone reading this column think of 10 tasks/ideas/concepts that they can perform right now that will change their trajectory (and hopefully SPE’s as well), distill those 10 tasks to three, and commit like your life depends on it to performing at least one of those tasks in the next 6–12 months. Call it homework if you want, but every person reading this column can create, innovate, and deliver some task/idea/concept that will significantly benefit our industry. Don’t say you have more important things to do—this is your profession and your passion. Get started, push directly to flank speed, and get it done. Then move to the next idea on your list. SPE needs its member contributions as never before. SPE and You Democracy is finding proximate solutions to insoluble problems. - Reinhold Niebuhr, American theologian, 1892–1971 It is very easy to sit on the fence, but sooner or later the post will hurt you where it counts. You must do something constructive in this life to be alive. More simply, in the words of the British clergyman John Henry Newman, “Growth is the only evidence of life.” SPE must grow its missions, but its missions must also include what we do now to prepare for the foreseeable future. Energy transition is not a fad; it is a critical path we as an industry and as a professional society must pursue to provide energy for all. Oil and gas are simultaneously our most secure energy resources, as well as our “battery backup” for situations where renewable options are either unavailable or impractical. Energy sustainability will evolve (I guarantee it), but let’s never forget what will pave the way to that sustainable and renewable energy future—oil and gas. Every conceivable product that is part of the energy transition is either fueled by or dependent on oil and gas as raw materials. Regardless of how you feel about SPE as a professional organization, it cannot and will not grow into what it must become without your volunteerism and your engagement. I understand that “change=pain,” but we are in a different world now. We can choose to be patient (wait and see what happens), pause (basically be in a state of paralysis), or we can pivot, which is to say that we can push or change/evolve to another path. It is complicated, because in the last year on an individual basis most if not all, of us have done all three.
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SOUZA, Alexandre Venancio de, Kátia das Neves GARCIA, Thiago Henrique Muniz MORILHA et Carol Godoi HAMPARIAN. « CONTRIBUIÇÕES PSICANALÍTICAS ACERCA DO LUTO E DA MELANCOLIA ». UNIFUNEC CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE E BIOLÓGICAS 4, no 7 (2 juillet 2021) : 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24980/ucsb.v4i7.4907.
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A temática do luto e melancolia é demasiadamente importante no estudo psicanalítico e tem sido estudada desde o criador da psicanálise, Sigmund Freud, até autores contemporâneos que acrescentaram e revisaram as ideias iniciais. A perda do objeto de amor propicia ao indivíduo a experiência do luto, enquanto, na melancolia, o estado de sofrimento psíquico se dá a partir da perda ou danificação dos objetos internos sem, necessariamente, a perda de um objeto real. Os estados de luto e melancolia desencadeiam sofrimento psíquico, podendo inclusive levar o indivíduo ao patológico. O presente estudo tem como objetivo elucidar elementos presentes no luto e na melancolia e o processo de elaboração psíquica, utilizando como recurso artístico o filme Melancolia (2011) do diretor dinamarquês Lars Von Trier, articulando as teorias psicanalíticas acerca do tema, seus desdobramentos e consequências psíquicas. Para isso, utilizou-se como metodologia a revisão bibliográfica. A análise dos mecanismos encontrados na personagem Justine da obra de Lars Von Trier e suas vivências subjetivas dos processos ligados à melancolia permite avaliar importantes aspectos sobre a identificação melancólica e a temática da perda de objeto e investimentos afetivos com o mundo externo. Conclui-se que a melancolia, apesar de apresentar aspectos patológicos e prejuízos no campo afetivo e social, pode possibilitar potencialidades e saídas criativas em situações de desamparo diante da possibilidade de finitude humana, enquanto no processo de elaboração do luto envolve a escolha de um objeto substituto. PSYCHOANALYTICAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO MOURNING AND MELANCHOLY ABSTRACT The mourning and the melancholy issues are profoundly important for psychoanalytic study, and it has been studied from the creator of psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud to contemporary authors who added and revised the first concepts. Losing beloved ones results in the mourning experience to the individual, whereas in melancholy the suffering mental feeling comes from losing or damaging internal objects, without necessarily losing a real object. Mourning and melancholy conditions trigger mental suffering and may even lead the individual to a pathological condition. The present study aims at elucidating mourning and melancholy elements, and the psychic elaboration process, using the film Melancolia (2011) by the Danish director Lars Von Trier as an artistic resource, articulating the psychoanalytic theories about the issue, outcomes, and psychic consequences. In this regard, the literature review was used as a methodology. The analysis of the mechanisms found in the character Justine of Lars Von Trier's artwork, and his subjective experiences of the processes related to melancholy, allows us to evaluate important aspects as concerns melancholy identification and the loss of object issue and affective investments with the external world. It is concluded that melancholy, despite presenting pathologic aspects and damages for affective and social areas, may provide potentialities and creative results for abandon situations when facing the possibility of human finitude, whereas in the natural mourning stage involves the displacement mechanism. Descriptors: Mourning. Melancholy. Movie theater. Psychoanalysis.
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Syeed, Sayyid M. « EDITORIAL ». American Journal of Islam and Society 7, no 2 (1 septembre 1990) : v—vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v7i2.2786.
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In this issue we have included the opening address of Taha Jabir Al-‘Alwani which was delivered at the First AMSS History Conference withthe theme of “Strategies for an Islamic Perspective on History and HistoricalWriting,” that was held on Dhu al Qidah 1-2, 1411/May 26-27, 1990.Al- ‘Alwani states that the collapse of Marxism all Over the world is a logicalconclusion of the philosophies which circulated in the West with a stampof undeserved academic authority and universality.Western thought, he says, will explain the fall of Marxism by trying torevive philosophies removed from Marxism and condemning Marxism asbeing opposed to human nature, antithetical to freedom and democracy, andopposed to the natural flow of history. But the alternatives to be projectedwill not be essentially any different. Therefore, Al- ‘Alwani warns, the gleewe witness in the West at the collapse of Marxism will be short-lived becausebefore too long the shortcomings of Westem thought will become more apparent.What is needed for removing the suffering of mankind is a comprehensivealternate philosophy that presents a realistic and satisfactory interpmtionof history, an overall conception of life, mankind, and the universe.Al-‘Alwani argues that the Qur’anic interpretation of time, life, theuniverse, mankind, history, and good and evil provides contemporary humanitywith a philosophical and civilizational alternative that is capable of leadingmankind out of the present crisis.It is in this context that the contributions of MISS become relevant. Ourwriters are engaged in providing a critique of the Wstern disciplines andthen highlighting the features oftheir Islamized versions. Abdul Rashid Motenattempts a contrast between the Western mode of political inquiry and theIslamic alternative. This underscores the fact that the methodology andepistemology of Western political science is built mund the seemingly limitlesspower of natural sciences. Moten exposes the subjective and ideological natureof political science in its own epistemic landscape from real life situations.He concludes that the instrumentalist conception of political community andthe final packaging of knowledge are all colored with the social, cultural,and historical experience of Western Christianity, which is also, paradoxically,materialistic and secular to the core. By identifying reason and revelationas the twin sources of knowledge, Islamic political thought is associated withsuch Qur‘anic concepts as Tawhid, Khilafah, ‘Ibadah, 'Adl, and the like ...
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Medeiros, Luciana Fernandes de, Gisely Da Costa Araújo, Loyanne Monyk Torres Costa, Isabelly Cristina Soares de Oliveira et Renata Meira Veras. « Psychological Suffering, Medicalization and Women : Contributions in the Field of Public Health ». Estudos e Pesquisas em Psicologia 21, no 4 (15 décembre 2021) : 1561–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/epp.2021.64035.
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In recent years we have seen a growing psychological suffering in women attended in primary health care in developing countries. This paper aims to analyze psychological suffering in a small city in northeastern Brazil and its relationship with medicalization. We applied 202 SRQ-20 questionnaires in 3 Basic Health Units in the first research step, which were analyzed with statistical support. In the second step, four women were interviewed in the primary health care service and the data were analyzed from Institutional Ethnography perspective. The results demonstrated a high number of primary health care users in psychological suffering (47.02%). The data also points to a significant prevalence of women in psychological suffering, the use of medicines and the struggles in dealing with the difficulties of everyday life. The medicalization of psychological suffering appeared several times in this study through the invisibility of these sufferings under the blanket of biomedical and medicalizing discourse. Those facts can affect contemporary women and the contradictions of being a woman in a capitalist and patriarchal society.
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Lindenbaum, Shirley. « Understanding kuru : the contribution of anthropology and medicine ». Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 363, no 1510 (27 novembre 2008) : 3715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0072.
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To understand kuru and solve the problems of its cause and transmission required the integration of knowledge from both anthropological and medical research. Anthropological studies elucidated the origin and spread of kuru, the local mortuary practices of endocannibalism, the social effects of kuru, the life of women and child-rearing practices, the kinship system of the Fore and their willingness to incorporate outsiders into it, the myths, folklore and history of the Fore and their neighbours, sorcery as a powerful social phenomenon and way of explaining the causation of disease, and concepts of the treatment of disease. Many scientists from different disciplines, government officers and others have contributed to this chapter of medical history but it is the Fore people who have contributed the most, through their suffering, their cooperative and reliable witness to kuru, and their participation, in various ways, in the research process itself.
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., Dhammasari. « CONCEPT OF SAṄKHARA DUKKHA ». SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES 9, no 66 (25 mars 2021) : 15335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21922/srjis.v9i66.6827.
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The term saṅkhāra has various shade of meaning according to the different contexts. It has a multiple combination with other Buddhist philosophical terms, which totally has an effect on its original meaning and brings about a much wider and complicated import of this term. It can be said that the term saṅkhāra is much more flexible compared with other Buddhist philosophical terms. In the five Nikāyas, it appears in combinations with different words as dukkha and upadhi. Now the different combinations of this term, saṅkhāradukkha, will be explained in the paper. It is found in Dukkha-pañhāsuttaDukkhatā sutta (Sanyuttanikāya) and Saṅgiti sutta (Dighanikāya). In these suttas, the term saṅkhāradukkha appears as one of three kinds of dukkha, namely, dukkha-dukkha (intrinsic suffering), vipariṇāma dukkha (suffering in change) and saṅkhāra dukkha (suffering due to formation). In the Dutiyavedanā sutta of the Itivuttaka, it is indirectly expressed using the word 'adukkhamasukhan' as its synonym. It is necessary to mention here the verse of the Itivuttaka which indirectly states the three kinds of dukkha.
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Strelkova, Anastasia. « The concept of «suffering» in Buddhism : ontological problematics ». Sententiae 41, no 1 (30 avril 2022) : 55–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/sent41.01.055.
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Unlike the most common in the modern studies – the psychological, ethical, socio-cultural – approaches to the problem of suffering, in this paper the philosophical problematics of ontological dimension of the suffering in the Buddhist philosophy is raised. Many modern scholars are inclined to think that a more adequate translation for the Sanskrit term duḥkha is “unsatisfactoriness”. However, from the material presented in the article follows that this rendering does not feet the sense of the notion of duḥkha when it is examined in the ontological plane, and thus the traditional translation “suffering” in this sense remains more adequate. It is also shown that the etymology of the Sanskrit term duḥkha as a «improperly installed» axle of the wheel of a cart has strong connotations with the metaphor of the wheel and the symbol of swastika in the Buddhist cultural tradition (wheel of being, three turnings of the Wheel of Dharma etc.). In this paper the main causes of suffering (self, body, ignorance, desire and other afflictions) exposed in Buddhist texts and scholarship are revised, and on the example of the Cūḷasuññata-sutta it is demonstrated that the real final cause of suffering in the Early Buddhism is our body and not our “self” and ignorance. While in the Mahayana Buddhism based on the philosophy of emptiness and the principle of nonduality, the dichotomy of soul and body is removed, the attainment of nirvana becomes possible in this body and the real cause and source of suffering becomes the ignorance. On the other hand, the paper argues that just the ontological view on the problem of suffering (under the angle of the principle of nonduality) provides us with understanding of the fact that the suffering can be overcome despite its indestructible ontological status.
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Jevtić, Miloš. « Collective victimhood : Concept and its consequences ». Srpska politička misao 84, no 2 (2024) : 105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/spm84-49268.
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Interpretations of the past inevitably involve the issue of losses experienced by a particular group. Because no particular discipline has a monopoly on understanding historical suffering, it is possible to examine it from different aspects. In this work, attention is focused on the relationship between suffering (as a fact) and victimhood, as a way of understanding the world. More precisely, this paper examines the representation of suffering maintained by group members, its consequences at the intergroup level (relations between countries and/or ethnic groups, relations between different groups within a society, etc.) and context on which empirical studies were concentrated. Moreover, the complex nature of collective victimhood is pointed out, as well as various socio-psychological factors related to this belief system. Finally, the implications of collective victimhood for current intergroup relations and guidelines for future research are discussed.