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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Contracts – Bulgaria »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Contracts – Bulgaria"

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Kamenskikh, Mikhail S. « Bulgarian Builders in the Sociocultural Community of Western Siberia in the 1970s–1980s ». Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 23, no 4 (2021) : 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2021.23.4.075.

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This article is devoted to analysing arrival circumstances, population, settlement, work conditions, socio-cultural adaptation, and particularities of relations with the local community of builders from Bulgaria who migrated to Western Siberia within the framework of government contracts. The article refers to unpublished archive materials, data from journals, and field trips recorded in Tyumen Region in 2019–2020. The research reveals that travelling to the USSR in order to earn money played an important part in individual success strategies of Bulgarian youth in the 1970s and became quite widespread. Between the 1970 and late 1980s, Tyumen Region received 4 000 Bulgarians living in it with the biggest groups working in Tyumen, Surgut, Nizhnevartovsk, Urai, and Nadim. Several districts, working villages, and oil extraction facilities in Western Siberia were built by them. Also, both in Tyumen and Surgut, there are squares of Soviet-Bulgarian friendship, and in Surgut there is a monument to Georgi Dimitrov. Upon arrival in the USSR, the Bulgarians had a privileged status. The main adaptation difficulties were associated with the local climate and the language barrier. The life of Bulgarians and the work of the Glavbolgarstroy company in Western Siberia laid a strong foundation for economic activity that gave rise to a large influx of Bulgarian migrants to Russia in the 1990s. As a result, according to All-Russian censuses in 2002 and 2010, Tyumen region had the largest community of Bulgarians registered in Russia. Today Bulgarians in Western Siberia are present as third-generation migrants; they play a significant role in sociocultural and economic spheres of Tyumen Region. Many of them maintain an emotional bond with their motherland and keep in touch with their families and close people in Bulgaria.
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Lefebvre, Marianne, Dimitre Nikolov, Sergio Gomez-y-Paloma et Minka Chopeva. « Determinants of insurance adoption among Bulgarian farmers ». Agricultural Finance Review 74, no 3 (26 août 2014) : 326–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-05-2013-0022.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the determinants of agricultural insurance adoption in Bulgaria, using a purpose-built survey of 224 farmers interviewed in 2011. The insurance decision is analyzed conjointly with other risk management decisions on the farm such as having contracts with retailers or processors, diversifying farm activities and using irrigation. Design/methodology/approach – The agricultural insurance sector in Bulgaria is presented in the broader context of the transition to a market-oriented economy and integration of Bulgarian agriculture into the EU Common Agricultural Policy. The recent developments on the determinants of farm insurance adoption in the agricultural economics and finance literature are discussed. A multivariate probit model is used in order to determine the factors explaining the adoption or non-adoption of various risk management tools by the surveyed farmers, including farm insurance. Findings – The authors find that farmers with diversified activities, using irrigation or having contracts with retailers or processors, are more likely to adopt insurance, after controlling for farms and farmers’ structural characteristics. Additionally, the authors find that the main characteristics distinguishing farmers who purchase agricultural insurance from non-users are farm size and farm location. The existence of strong regional effect suggests the importance of adapting the insurance products to the different regional contexts in Bulgaria. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the (limited) literature on agricultural insurance adoption in transition countries, currently shifting from a system where compensation against natural hazards tended to come from a State damage mitigation fund, inherited from the centrally planned governments to private and voluntary agricultural insurance. This research provides a unique data source on the Bulgarian case study.
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Milusheva, Boryana. « METHODS FOR TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS IN THE BULGARIAN PRIVATE SECTOR ». Economics & ; Law 2, no 1 (30 mai 2020) : 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/el.swu.v2i1.7.

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The research examines the issues related to the chosen methods for termination of employment contracts in “Perfumery Douglas Bulgaria” OOD. Based on the analysis of the normative regulation as well as the results of the conducted research, summaries, conclusions and recommendations for improvement in the company and in the Labour Code of the Republic of Bulgaria are made. Debatable questions are also raised for discussion on the basis of which a proposal is derived for a change in the National Revenue Agency (NRA) Register of Employment Contracts.
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Minkov, N. « Proceedings of the International Workshop Shapes and Dynamics of Atomic Nuclei : Contemporary Aspects (SDANCA-21), 16-18 September 2021, Sofia, Bulgaria ». Bulgarian Journal of Physics 48, no 5-6 (18 décembre 2021) : 371–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.55318/bgjp.2021.48.5-6.371.

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This volume contains articles based on presentations given at the International Workshop "Shapes and Dynamics of Atomic Nuclei: Contemporary Aspects" (SDANCA-21) held in Sofia Tech Park, Sofia, Bulgaria from the 16-th to the 18-th of September 2021. The Workshop was organized by researchers from the Institute of Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (INRNE) in Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS) with the financial support of the Bulgarian National Science Fund under contracts No. KP-06-N48/1, KP-06-N28/6 and KP-06-RILA/6. It appears as the fourth issue of the workshops {SDANCA-15}, {SDANCA-17} and {SDANCA-19} held in Sofia in 2015, 2017 and 2019, respectively...
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Vasilev, Aleksandar. « A business-cycle model with a modified cash-in-advance feature, government sector and one-period nominal wage contracts : the case of Bulgaria ». Journal of Mathematical Economics and Finance 6, no 1 (30 juin 2020) : 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jmef.v6.1(10).02.

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Georgiev, Minko. « INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS OF TRANSACTIONS IN AGRICULTURAL LAND CONTRACTS IN BULGARIA ». Agricultural sciences III, no 5 (2011) : 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22620/agrisci.2011.05.011.

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Filipova, Nadya. « The State and the Bulgarians Temporarily Working in Libya in the 1970s ». Istoriya-History 29, no 1 (20 janvier 2021) : 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.53656/his2021-1-5-libi.

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The publication examines the policy of the Bulgarian state towards the Bulgarian specialists working in Libya and the reactions of the employees to the regulatory norms and circumstances. The increase in the number of Bulgarians aspiring to work in Libya is analyzed in the context of the legal and socio-economic conditions in Bulgaria, the contract clauses for hiring, and their application in practice in addition to the growing needs and possibilities of the Libyan state to hire qualified personnel. The forms of control of the Bulgarian state towards the Bulgarians working abroad, and the attempts to protect their interests, and to create a propitious living environment are studied. The behavior of Bulgarians in Libya is presented in the context of the general conditions for residence and work in Libya. The research is based on archival sources of the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Bulgaria for the Cold War period and on an unprocessed file of the Bulgarian Communist Party archive.
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Mladenov, Valeri, Vesselin Chobanov, George Calin Seritan, Radu Florin Porumb, Bogdan-Adrian Enache, Vasiliki Vita, Marilena Stănculescu, Thong Vu Van et Dimitrios Bargiotas. « A Flexibility Market Platform for Electricity System Operators Using Blockchain Technology ». Energies 15, no 2 (12 janvier 2022) : 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15020539.

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The paper’s main objective is to demonstrate the trading and flexibility of services amongst TSOs, DSOs, and Prosumers in a transparent, secure, and cost-effective manner using Blockchain-based TSO-DSO flexibility marketplace (EFLEX). The aim is to look for ways to help DSOs/TSOs be more flexible and more directly engaged in managing energy flows on the network. EFLEX will streamline the needs of both TSO and DSO on the same platform. Based on the paper’s proposed services, the pilot service demonstration will be carried out in Bulgaria and Romania, and the main focus will be on congestion management, TSO-DSO Coordination, and Marketplace. The proposed objective is achieved by using Blockchain-based smart contracts and distributed ledger technology.
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Momchilov, H., et P. Petkova. « ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE AVERAGE PRICES OF THE CONTRACTS FOR LEASE OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS IN SOUTH-EASTERN REGION OF BULGARIA FOR THE PERIOD 2010-2019 ». Trakia Journal of Sciences 19, Suppl.1 (2021) : 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2021.s.01.023.

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Leases and rent play a key role in agricultural production. Rental payments represent a significant part of production costs. Practice shows that in order not to lose the already occupied areas, producers increase the amount of payments to owners. The aim of the study is to track the dynamics of average prices for lease agreements for the South-Eastern region of Bulgaria. Basic and chain indices of price dynamics were used. There was a continuous growth of increase in rent payments.
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Ivanova, Evgenia. « The Revolution as Contracted Transission ». Balkanistic Forum 32, no 1 (15 janvier 2023) : 254–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v32i1.17.

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A review of the book of Dimitar Ludzev “The Revolution in Bulgaria 1989–1990 in the Pantheon of Time” has been done. Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Science "Prof. Marin Drinov", 2022, ISBN 978-619-245-235-3.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Contracts – Bulgaria"

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Dirimanova, Violeta. « Economic effects of land fragmentation property rights, land markets and contracts in Bulgaria ». Aachen Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988177374/04.

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Dirimanova, Violeta. « Economic effects of land fragmentation : property rights, land markets and contracts in Bulgaria / ». Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/562087699.pdf.

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Dirimanova, Violeta [Verfasser]. « Economic Effects of Land Fragmentation : Property Rights, Land Markets and Contracts in Bulgaria / Violeta Dirimanova ». Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1164342541/34.

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Gradeva, Milena. « Stratégies d'entreprise dans un contexte de changement institutionnel : le cas de la Bulgarie ». Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010047.

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Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude, dans une approche néo-institutionnelle, de l'adaptation des stratégies des entreprises en réponse à un changement institutionnel majeur et aux faiblesses des règles et structures publiques dans le contexte du processus de transition et d'adhésion de la Bulgarie à l'Union Européenne. Nous examinons théoriquement les difficultés de la mise en place d'institutions crédibles, et les évolutions historiques qui ont eu un impact sur la légitimité et l'adoption des nouvelles institutions formelles. La thèse est organisée autour de deux axes de recherche centrés sur les solutions utilisées par les entreprises domestiques et étrangères pour assurer l'exécution (enforcement) des contrats en l'absence de confiance dans le système judiciaire. L'analyse repose sur les données récoltées lors de deux enquêtes, l'une portant sur la pratique de la sous-déclaration des salaires auprès de 29 entreprises domestiques, l'autre portant sur 108 entreprises manufacturières de l' UE implantées en Bulgarie. Les résultats montrent que les faiblesses du cadre formel incitent les entreprises domestiques à recourir à des interactions informelles personnalisées facilitant la diffusion de pratiques illicites et limitent également l’interaction des firmes étrangères dans l’économie locale. Le premier effet complique la mise en place des règles de marché car dans un contexte de concurrence déloyale, la compétitivité dépend aussi de la capacité à contourner les contraintes réglementaires. Le second effet restreint les liens entre les entreprises locales e étrangères, réduisant ainsi la diffusion des savoir-faire technologiques et managériaux dans l’économie locale.
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Vassileva, R. T. « Change of economic circumstances in Bulgarian and English law : what lessons for the harmonization of contract law in the European Union ? » Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1503925/.

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While significant doctrinal work has been dedicated to analyzing the feasibility of harmonization of contract law in the European Union and the selection of principles for harmonizing legislation, opportunities for dialogue between Eastern and Western Europe have been missed. This thesis takes a small step to fill in this gap by engaging in a comparative study of the English and Bulgarian approach to changed economic circumstances. A survey of the contemporary legal landscape indicates not only that Bulgaria and England seem to stand on the two opposite sides of the spectrum of jurisdictional responses towards this question of law, but also that the spectrum itself has shifted and no longer corresponds to the traditional dichotomy of legal families. This suggests that there may be conceptual differences between EU's jurisdictions that have not received sufficient scholarly attention-an issue that needs to be addressed since the approach to changed economic circumstances is a long-established barometer of differences between the values of national contract laws. The study compares functionally the English and Bulgarian contractual principles, which may be applicable to changed economic circumstances, to demonstrate that the conceptual dissimilarities that appear at first glance lead to divergences of outcome. It also examines the contextual factors which may explain the distinct approaches of England and Bulgaria-socioeconomic circumstances, the process of legal development, including the place of comparative law in it, legal theory, and the role of the judge regarding agreements. It then puts forward lessons that can inform the harmonization debate in the EU on the basis of the findings of the comparison-notably, the need for more substantive international dialogue on the implications and compromises which the process of harmonization entails as well as a re-evaluation of the current 'one size fits all' policy endorsed by EU institutions towards contract.
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KUZMIN, Aleksei. « Europeanization of Soviet legal culture in construction industry : a comparative study of Russia, Bulgaria and Romania ». Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/41384.

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Livres sur le sujet "Contracts – Bulgaria"

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Tacheva, Maia. Rechtsbehelfe des Käufers im Warenkaufrecht : Eine rechtsvergleichende Untersuchung des Übereinkommens der Vereinten Nationen über Verträge über den internationalen Warenkauf (CISG), des englischen Sale of Goods Act, des bulgarischen Kaufrechts und des deutschen Kaufrechts vor und nach dem Schuldrechtsmodernisierungsgesetz. Frankfurt a.M : P. Lang, 2005.

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Educational Resources Information Center (U.S.), dir. National decision making during the holocaust : Romania and Bulgaria : a study in contrasts : Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminars Abroad, 1997 (Romania and Bulgaria). [Washington, DC] : U.S. Dept. of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement, Educational Resources Information Center, 1997.

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Management of Farm Contracts and Competitiveness : Framework for analysis Case of Bulgaria. VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2010.

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Sheppard, Graeme. Bulgarian Contract : The Secret Lie That Ended the Great War. Earnshaw Books, 2021.

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Sheppard, Graeme. Bulgarian Contract : The Secret Lie That Ended the Great War. Earnshaw Books, 2021.

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Bergman, Torbjörn, Gabriella Ilonszki et Wolfgang C. Müller, dir. Coalition Governance in Central Eastern Europe. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844372.001.0001.

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Coalitions among political parties govern most of Europe’s parliamentary democracies. Traditionally, the study of coalition politics has been focused on Western Europe. Coalition governance in Central Eastern Europe brings the study of the full coalition life-cycle to a region that has undergone tremendous political transformation, but which has not been studied from this perspective. The volume covers Bulgaria, Estonia, the Czech Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia. It provides information and analyses of the cycle, from pre-electoral alliances to coalition formation and portfolio distribution, governing in coalitions, the stages that eventually lead to a government termination, and the electoral performance of coalition parties. In Central Eastern Europe, few single-party cabinets form and there have been only a few early elections. The evidence provided shows that coalition partners in the region write formal agreements (coalition agreements) to an extent that is similar to the patterns that we find in Western Europe, but also that they adhere less closely to these contracts. While the research on Western Europe tends to stress that coalition partners emphasize coalition compromise and mutual supervision, there is more evidence of ‘ministerial government’ by individual ministers and ministries. There are also a few coalition governance systems that are heavily dominated by the prime minister. No previous study has covered the full coalition life-cycle in all of the ten countries with as much detail. Systematic information is presented in 10 figures and in more than one hundred tables.
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Tismaneanu, Vladimir. What was National Stalinism ? Sous la direction de Dan Stone. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560981.013.0023.

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As a political variety within Leninism, different from what is usually called national communism, national Stalinism systematically opposed any form of liberalisation, let alone democratisation. Reactionary and self-centered, it valued autarky and exclusiveness. The fundamental values of such a regime are political voluntarism, sectarianism, radicalism, cult of hierarchy and authority, scorn for parliamentary democracy, and constitutionalism. This article first analyses the origins and the model for national Stalinism, and then looks at four cases amongst Eastern European countries in the post-Stalin era: Romania, Albania, Bulgaria, and Poland. In contrast to Nikolai Lenin, for Joseph Stalin, the complete, irreversible victory of socialism in Russia was not contingent upon the success of proletarian revolutions in the West.
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Who is who in Bulgarian construction and independent construction supervision = Who is who [v bŭlgarskoto stroitelstvo i nezavisim stroitelen nadzor]. Sofii︠a︡ : Lotus advertising, 2000.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Contracts – Bulgaria"

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Petkov, Mihail. « La Palombara’s Parentela in Bulgaria : The Case of Public Procurement Contracts (Public Tenders) ». Dans Oligarchic Party-Group Relations in Bulgaria, 59–75. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98899-3_3.

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Valentinov Georgiev, Georgi. « NATIONAL REPORT FOR BULGARIA ». Dans Executory Contracts in Insolvency Law, 119–38. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781788115520.00012.

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Marshall, Shelley. « Expansion of Labour Laws in Bulgaria ». Dans Living Wage, 98–121. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830351.003.0006.

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By 2006, seven years after the transition to capitalism began, informal work in Bulgaria constituted somewhere between 20 per cent and 35 per cent of overall work. It was an entrenched feature of the Bulgarian economy. The aim of this chapter is, first, to track the way that national and international factors converged in the 1990s to create dramatic social change, leaving at least a third of the working population in Bulgaria stranded in informality. It is, second, to assess the expansion of the contract of employment as a means to achieve formalisation. In 2011, Bulgaria’s labour law underwent reform, following a successful campaign for the extension of employment laws to cover home-based workers. The state’s expansion of employment law was in part, a reflection of Bulgaria’s desire to demonstrate adherence with European Union (EU) recommendations as part of its integration into the EU.
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Kolarova, Rumyana, et Maria Spirova. « Bulgaria ». Dans Coalition Governance in Central Eastern Europe, 86–128. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844372.003.0003.

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Democracy in Bulgaria came as a result of a pact that preserved the role of the communist successor party to a larger degree than in many other post-communist countries in Central Eastern Europe (CEE). That had an impact on the nature of coalition government as well as an important but rarely noted aspect of the legacy of the successor party, the Bulgarian Socialist party (BSP). Because of the dominant position of the BSP, its personalized and centralized vision and practice of governing have remained characteristic of the political system. Coalition government is the dominant pattern in Bulgarian democratic politics: of the eleven party-based cabinets since 1990, only four were single-party ones. There are several major features of coalition government in Bulgaria: one is that party-building and coalition-making have been deeply intertwined over the entire period. Further, coalitions have been based on the understanding that parties divide the power and accompanying privileges, rather than that they share responsibility for government. Thus, in contrast to some longer-standing democracies the coalition formation process rarely involves detailed agreements on policy, and has mostly revolved around personalities and portfolios. As a result, coalition agreements have been minimal and the periods of coalition bargaining have been relatively short. Conflict resolution mechanisms are centralized and personalized, and coalitions have broken down because of narrow party political interests rather than because of principled conflicts over public policy.
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Leschber, Corinna. « Romanes dilinó ‘verrückt’ im Kontrast zu türk. deli ‘irrsinnig, verrückt, ungestüm’ ». Dans Essays in the History of Languages and Linguistics : Dedicated to Marek Stachowski on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday, 357–68. Ksiegarnia Akademicka Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/9788376388618.20.

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The etymology of the Romani (Gypsy language) word dilino, meaning ‘crazy’, can be traced back to its Indian roots; meanwhile, after showing its linguistic productivity, the word has resulted in a high number of derivatives in Romani dialects. Within surrounding languages, we can find numerous loans from the word family for the Romani dilino. In contrast to the Romani word with its Indian etymology, the Turkish word deli, also meaning ‘crazy’, has played an important role as a source for many words in the Balkan languages, particularly in Bulgarian and, to a smaller extent, in Romanian. It is possible that the semantic content of the Turkish deli has influenced the meaning of the Romani word to a certain extent. In Romanian, we can find homonyms, some of which can be explained with a Romani etymology, while others seem to be the result of a loan from Turkish or at least influenced by its semantic content. Overall, this requires a thorough analysis of these Romanian homonyms, each of which show a slightly different semantic content.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Contracts – Bulgaria"

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Traykova, Marina D., Lazar D. Georgiev, Stoyan D. Ivanov et Emad G. Abdulahad. « Research in the application of UHPFRC for strengthening existing structures in Bulgaria ». Dans IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019 : The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2552.

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<p>This article reviews the possibilities of the application of Ultra-High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) for strengthening existing steel and concrete structures in Bulgaria. Although the application of UHPFRC in structural engineering is increasing worldwide in the last decades, both for strengthening and for new designs, in Bulgaria it is still highly restricted. This is mainly due to the lack of experience and knowledge in design engineers, contractors and clients.</p><p>In order to investigate the possibilities of its local production in concrete plants and to gain experience in its application for strengthening existing structures a research project in the University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy in Sofia has started recently. Under this project strengthening of steel orthotropic bridge decks as well as reinforced concrete beams is envisaged. The strengthened specimens will be tested in laboratory under static loading and the results are going to be compared with the test from non- strengthened ones. All specimens are full scaled as for the orthotropic deck only a segment between two cross girders is considered.</p><p>The results and experience gained from the research project will be used in the future to promote the application of UHPFRC in Bulgaria for durable reinforced concrete repairs and strengthening of existing steel bridges with orthotropic decks.</p>
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Georgiev, Lazar, et Stoyan Ivanov. « Exploitation problems with particular road and railway composite bridges in Bulgaria ». Dans IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021 : Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs. Zurich, Switzerland : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0660.

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<p>Composite steel-concrete bridges are having wide implementation in the present bridge practice due to their advantages. On the other hand, composite bridges have complex time dependent behaviour due to long term processes in concrete – creep and shrinkage. Stress strain state is a function of the sequence of their construction. In general, building an effective composite bridge needs relatively higher level of knowledge, precision and responsibility from designers, contractors, and relevant authorities. Implementation of composite bridge superstructures in Bulgaria is discussed in this paper. The influence of some problems related with design and construction of particular road and railway bridges on their behaviour during exploitation are analysed. Exploitation problems of three bridges are discussed. Conclusions for reasons leading to these problems and variants for avoiding them in future projects are analysed.</p>
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Georgiev, Lazar, et Stoyan Ivanov. « Exploitation problems with particular road and railway composite bridges in Bulgaria ». Dans IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021 : Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs. Zurich, Switzerland : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0660.

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<p>Composite steel-concrete bridges are having wide implementation in the present bridge practice due to their advantages. On the other hand, composite bridges have complex time dependent behaviour due to long term processes in concrete – creep and shrinkage. Stress strain state is a function of the sequence of their construction. In general, building an effective composite bridge needs relatively higher level of knowledge, precision and responsibility from designers, contractors, and relevant authorities. Implementation of composite bridge superstructures in Bulgaria is discussed in this paper. The influence of some problems related with design and construction of particular road and railway bridges on their behaviour during exploitation are analysed. Exploitation problems of three bridges are discussed. Conclusions for reasons leading to these problems and variants for avoiding them in future projects are analysed.</p>
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Danev, Vladimir. « THE INSTITUTE OF REVOCATION OF AN ORDER FOR IMPOSITION OF A DISCIPLINARY PENALTY DISMISSAL ACCORDING TO THE LABOR CODE ». Dans THE LAW AND THE BUSINESS IN THE CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY 2020. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/lbcs2020.126.

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The paper examines the institute for revocation of issued by the employer order for impo-sition of disciplinary sanction dismissal, which terminates also the employment contract - on employer's initiative - according to the legal frame of the Labour code. Based on the analysis of the Labour law regulations, as well as also the existent juridical doctrine and practice in its application actual problems and tendencies are marked. In conclusion proposals for improve-ment of the Bulgarian legislation in the area of the examined institute and recommendation of its practical application are made.
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Dimitrova, Diana V., Gisela Redeker et John C. J. Hoeks. « Did you say a BLUE banana ? the prosody of contrast and abnormality in bulgarian and dutch ». Dans Interspeech 2009. ISCA : ISCA, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-296.

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Sabotinov, Luben, Borislav Dimitrov et Giovanni B. Bruna. « Safety Assessment and Accident Analysis of VVER-1000/466B With Active and Passive Safety Systems for Belene NPP ». Dans 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-31039.

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The paper presents the methodology adopted to assess the Interim Safety Analysis Report (ISAR) of the Belene NPP in the framework of the contract between the Bulgarian Nuclear Regulatory Authority (BNRA) and RISKAUDIT (IRSN&GRS). It stresses the in-depth analysis carried-out for several relevant-to-safety issues and illustrates in some detail the investigation of the Large Break Loss of Coolant Accident (LB LOCA) with loss of power and failure of the active part of the Emergency Core Cooling System (High Pressure and Low Pressure Safety Injection pumps), performed with the French best estimate thermal-hydraulic code CATHARE. The role, problems and efficiency of the passive and active safety systems during the accident scenarios are discussed. Finally, the main conclusions of the safety evaluation of the Belene NPP project are summarized.
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Kröll, Martin, et Kristina Burova-Keßler. « Use of AI tools in learning platforms and the role of feedback for learning ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001504.

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The digital transformation in the world of work has profound effects on the processes of career orientation and the transition between school and work. Together with international partners from Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Spain, Italy and Hungary, a digital mentoring concept to secure the employability of young people has been or is being investigated in the three-year EU project "Career 4.0". The focus is on the further development of a personal development plan with the help of which the young people can reflect on their future employment opportunities. Compared to other teaching-learning situations, this is a learning process that is open to development without a predetermined true or false, as is usually the case with mathematical tasks, for example. This places special demands on the mentors when it comes to assessing which forms of feedback are particularly beneficial for the young people and which prove to be less beneficial.Within the framework of the EU project, empirical studies were carried out which came to the conclusion that the quality of the feedback that mentors give to mentees is assessed very dif-ferently by these groups of participants. The mentees see considerable potential for improve-ment when it comes to the quality of the feedback from the mentors. In contrast, the mentors themselves are not as critical of their activities in giving feedback. Over 60 mentees and over 30 mentors have participated in the empirical study so far.The starting point for the study is the meta-analysis of the research team around Hattie et al. (2016). They differentiate between the following forms of feedback: (1) task-related, (2) pro-cess-related, (3) self-regulation-related and (4) person- or self-related feedback. According to the evaluation of their meta-analysis, the second and third forms of feedback have the greatest effect on learning outcomes.Furthermore, scientific studies have shown that the acceptance of feedback depends on numerous influencing factors, which can be assigned to four areas: Characteristics of (1) the feedback message, (2) the feedback source, (3) the feedback recipient and (4) the feedback context. The effect of feedback can be related to three levels, following the psychology of lear-ning: (1) cognitive (e.g. closing competence gaps), (2) metacognitive (e.g. supporting self-assessment and self-awareness) and (3) motivational level (e.g. promoting readiness). How the feedback recipients (here: the young people) ultimately deal with the feedback also depends on their causal attribution, i.e. which reasons they see as causal for their progress or the failure of their actions. If, for example, they attribute their inadequate task performance to environmental factors, e.g. difficult and unfair tasks or disproportionate time pressure, or if they see the reasons in themselves, e.g. in their lack of commitment or insufficient skills, this has very different effects on the effects of the feedback. Among other things, this can lead to a "self-esteem distortion" if, for example, negative results are primarily attributed to external circumstances. The research project is also investigating the extent to which AI tools can help to make feed-back even more effective and efficient for learners. In order to provide IT and AI solutions (such as adaptive learning systems, learning analytics, intelligent CBR recommendation sys-tems) to support the giving of feedback, e.g. with the help of a learning platform, it is advantageous and necessary to make the feedback process transparent by using a process mo-delling approach and to work out individual process steps.Hattie, J. & Timperley, H. (2007): The Power of Feedback, in: Review of Educational Research Vol. 77, No. 1, 81-112.London, M. & McFarland, L. (2010): Assessment Feedback. In J. Farr & N. Tippins (Hrsg.), Employee Selection (S. 417-436). New York, London: Routledge.Narciss, S. (2013). Designing and Evaluating Tutoring Feedback Strategies for digital learning environments on the basis of the Interactive Tutoring Feedback Model. Digital Education Review, (23), 7–26.
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